Merge branch 'jk/rebase-apply-leakfix'

[thirdparty/git.git] / Documentation / gitformat-bundle.txt

gitformat-bundle(5)
===================

NAME
----
gitformat-bundle - The bundle file format


SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
*.bundle
*.bdl

DESCRIPTION
-----------

The Git bundle format is a format that represents both refs and Git
objects. A bundle is a header in a format similar to
linkgit:git-show-ref[1] followed by a pack in *.pack format.

The format is created and read by the linkgit:git-bundle[1] command,
and supported by e.g. linkgit:git-fetch[1] and linkgit:git-clone[1].


FORMAT
------

We will use ABNF notation to define the Git bundle format. See
linkgit:gitprotocol-common[5] for the details.

A v2 bundle looks like this:

----
bundle    = signature *prerequisite *reference LF pack
signature = "# v2 git bundle" LF

prerequisite = "-" obj-id SP comment LF
comment      = *CHAR
reference    = obj-id SP refname LF

pack         = ... ; packfile
----

A v3 bundle looks like this:

----
bundle    = signature *capability *prerequisite *reference LF pack
signature = "# v3 git bundle" LF

capability   = "@" key ["=" value] LF
prerequisite = "-" obj-id SP comment LF
comment      = *CHAR
reference    = obj-id SP refname LF
key          = 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
value        = *(%01-09 / %0b-FF)

pack         = ... ; packfile
----


SEMANTICS
---------

A Git bundle consists of several parts.

* "Capabilities", which are only in the v3 format, indicate functionality that
	the bundle requires to be read properly.

* "Prerequisites" list the objects that are NOT included in the bundle and the
  reader of the bundle MUST already have, in order to use the data in the
  bundle. The objects stored in the bundle may refer to prerequisite objects and
  anything reachable from them (e.g. a tree object in the bundle can reference
  a blob that is reachable from a prerequisite) and/or expressed as a delta
  against prerequisite objects.

* "References" record the tips of the history graph, iow, what the reader of the
  bundle CAN "git fetch" from it.

* "Pack" is the pack data stream "git fetch" would send, if you fetch from a
  repository that has the references recorded in the "References" above into a
  repository that has references pointing at the objects listed in
  "Prerequisites" above.

In the bundle format, there can be a comment following a prerequisite obj-id.
This is a comment and it has no specific meaning. The writer of the bundle MAY
put any string here. The reader of the bundle MUST ignore the comment.

Note on shallow clones and Git bundles
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Note that the prerequisites do not represent a shallow-clone boundary. The
semantics of the prerequisites and the shallow-clone boundaries are different,
and the Git bundle v2 format cannot represent a shallow clone repository.

CAPABILITIES
------------

Because there is no opportunity for negotiation, unknown capabilities cause 'git
bundle' to abort.

* `object-format` specifies the hash algorithm in use, and can take the same
  values as the `extensions.objectFormat` configuration value.

* `filter` specifies an object filter as in the `--filter` option in
  linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. The resulting pack-file must be marked as a
  `.promisor` pack-file after it is unbundled.

GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite