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c067354b 1/* BFD back-end for verilog hex memory dump files.
fd67aa11 2 Copyright (C) 2009-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
c067354b
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3 Written by Anthony Green <green@moxielogic.com>
4
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
6
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20 MA 02110-1301, USA. */
21
22
23/* SUBSECTION
24 Verilog hex memory file handling
25
26 DESCRIPTION
27
28 Verilog hex memory files cannot hold anything but addresses
29 and data, so that's all that we implement.
30
31 The syntax of the text file is described in the IEEE standard
32 for Verilog. Briefly, the file contains two types of tokens:
33 data and optional addresses. The tokens are separated by
34 whitespace and comments. Comments may be single line or
35 multiline, using syntax similar to C++. Addresses are
36 specified by a leading "at" character (@) and are always
37 hexadecimal strings. Data and addresses may contain
38 underscore (_) characters.
39
40 If no address is specified, the data is assumed to start at
41 address 0. Similarly, if data exists before the first
42 specified address, then that data is assumed to start at
43 address 0.
44
45
46 EXAMPLE
47 @1000
07d6d2b8 48 01 ae 3f 45 12
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49
50 DESCRIPTION
51 @1000 specifies the starting address for the memory data.
52 The following characters describe the 5 bytes at 0x1000. */
53
54
55#include "sysdep.h"
56#include "bfd.h"
57#include "libbfd.h"
58#include "libiberty.h"
59#include "safe-ctype.h"
60
37d0d091
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61/* Modified by obcopy.c
62 Data width in bytes. */
63unsigned int VerilogDataWidth = 1;
64
6ef35c04
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65/* Modified by obcopy.c
66 Data endianness. */
67enum bfd_endian VerilogDataEndianness = BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN;
68
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69/* Macros for converting between hex and binary. */
70
71static const char digs[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
72
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73#define NIBBLE(x) hex_value (x)
74#define HEX(buffer) ((NIBBLE ((buffer)[0]) << 4) + NIBBLE ((buffer)[1]))
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75#define TOHEX(d, x) \
76 d[1] = digs[(x) & 0xf]; \
77 d[0] = digs[((x) >> 4) & 0xf];
78
79/* When writing a verilog memory dump file, we write them in the order
80 in which they appear in memory. This structure is used to hold them
81 in memory. */
82
83struct verilog_data_list_struct
84{
85 struct verilog_data_list_struct *next;
86 bfd_byte * data;
87 bfd_vma where;
88 bfd_size_type size;
89};
90
91typedef struct verilog_data_list_struct verilog_data_list_type;
92
93/* The verilog tdata information. */
94
95typedef struct verilog_data_struct
96{
97 verilog_data_list_type *head;
98 verilog_data_list_type *tail;
99}
100tdata_type;
101
0a1b45a2 102static bool
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103verilog_set_arch_mach (bfd *abfd, enum bfd_architecture arch, unsigned long mach)
104{
105 if (arch != bfd_arch_unknown)
106 return bfd_default_set_arch_mach (abfd, arch, mach);
107
108 abfd->arch_info = & bfd_default_arch_struct;
0a1b45a2 109 return true;
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110}
111
6ef35c04 112/* We have to save up all the output for a splurge before output. */
c067354b 113
0a1b45a2 114static bool
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115verilog_set_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
116 sec_ptr section,
117 const void * location,
118 file_ptr offset,
119 bfd_size_type bytes_to_do)
120{
121 tdata_type *tdata = abfd->tdata.verilog_data;
122 verilog_data_list_type *entry;
123
a50b1753 124 entry = (verilog_data_list_type *) bfd_alloc (abfd, sizeof (* entry));
c067354b 125 if (entry == NULL)
0a1b45a2 126 return false;
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127
128 if (bytes_to_do
129 && (section->flags & SEC_ALLOC)
130 && (section->flags & SEC_LOAD))
131 {
132 bfd_byte *data;
133
a50b1753 134 data = (bfd_byte *) bfd_alloc (abfd, bytes_to_do);
c067354b 135 if (data == NULL)
0a1b45a2 136 return false;
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137 memcpy ((void *) data, location, (size_t) bytes_to_do);
138
139 entry->data = data;
140 entry->where = section->lma + offset;
141 entry->size = bytes_to_do;
142
143 /* Sort the records by address. Optimize for the common case of
144 adding a record to the end of the list. */
145 if (tdata->tail != NULL
146 && entry->where >= tdata->tail->where)
147 {
148 tdata->tail->next = entry;
149 entry->next = NULL;
150 tdata->tail = entry;
151 }
152 else
153 {
154 verilog_data_list_type **look;
155
156 for (look = &tdata->head;
157 *look != NULL && (*look)->where < entry->where;
158 look = &(*look)->next)
159 ;
160 entry->next = *look;
161 *look = entry;
162 if (entry->next == NULL)
163 tdata->tail = entry;
164 }
165 }
0a1b45a2 166 return true;
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167}
168
0a1b45a2 169static bool
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170verilog_write_address (bfd *abfd, bfd_vma address)
171{
7def0865 172 char buffer[20];
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173 char *dst = buffer;
174 bfd_size_type wrlen;
175
176 /* Write the address. */
177 *dst++ = '@';
7def0865
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178#ifdef BFD64
179 if (address >= (bfd_vma)1 << 32)
180 {
181 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 56));
182 dst += 2;
183 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 48));
184 dst += 2;
185 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 40));
186 dst += 2;
187 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 32));
188 dst += 2;
189 }
190#endif
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191 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 24));
192 dst += 2;
193 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 16));
194 dst += 2;
195 TOHEX (dst, (address >> 8));
196 dst += 2;
197 TOHEX (dst, (address));
198 dst += 2;
199 *dst++ = '\r';
200 *dst++ = '\n';
201 wrlen = dst - buffer;
202
226f9f4f 203 return bfd_write (buffer, wrlen, abfd) == wrlen;
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204}
205
206/* Write a record of type, of the supplied number of bytes. The
37d0d091
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207 supplied bytes and length don't have a checksum. That's worked
208 out here. */
c067354b 209
0a1b45a2 210static bool
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211verilog_write_record (bfd *abfd,
212 const bfd_byte *data,
213 const bfd_byte *end)
214{
37d0d091 215 char buffer[52];
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216 const bfd_byte *src = data;
217 char *dst = buffer;
218 bfd_size_type wrlen;
219
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220 /* Paranoia - check that we will not overflow "buffer". */
221 if (((end - data) * 2) /* Number of hex characters we want to emit. */
222 + ((end - data) / VerilogDataWidth) /* Number of spaces we want to emit. */
223 + 2 /* The carriage return & line feed characters. */
224 > (long) sizeof (buffer))
c067354b 225 {
37d0d091 226 /* FIXME: Should we generate an error message ? */
0a1b45a2 227 return false;
37d0d091
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228 }
229
230 /* Write the data.
231 FIXME: Under some circumstances we can emit a space at the end of
232 the line. This is not really necessary, but catching these cases
233 would make the code more complicated. */
234 if (VerilogDataWidth == 1)
235 {
236 for (src = data; src < end;)
237 {
238 TOHEX (dst, *src);
239 dst += 2;
240 src ++;
241 if (src < end)
242 *dst++ = ' ';
243 }
c067354b 244 }
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245 else if ((VerilogDataEndianness == BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN && bfd_little_endian (abfd)) /* FIXME: Can this happen ? */
246 || (VerilogDataEndianness == BFD_ENDIAN_LITTLE))
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247 {
248 /* If the input byte stream contains:
249 05 04 03 02 01 00
250 and VerilogDataWidth is 4 then we want to emit:
251 02030405 0001 */
252 int i;
253
254 for (src = data; src < (end - VerilogDataWidth); src += VerilogDataWidth)
255 {
256 for (i = VerilogDataWidth - 1; i >= 0; i--)
257 {
258 TOHEX (dst, src[i]);
259 dst += 2;
260 }
261 *dst++ = ' ';
262 }
263
264 /* Emit any remaining bytes. Be careful not to read beyond "end". */
265 while (end > src)
266 {
267 -- end;
268 TOHEX (dst, *end);
269 dst += 2;
270 }
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271
272 /* FIXME: Should padding bytes be inserted here ? */
37d0d091 273 }
6ef35c04 274 else /* Big endian output. */
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275 {
276 for (src = data; src < end;)
277 {
278 TOHEX (dst, *src);
279 dst += 2;
280 ++ src;
281 if ((src - data) % VerilogDataWidth == 0)
282 *dst++ = ' ';
283 }
6ef35c04 284 /* FIXME: Should padding bytes be inserted here ? */
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285 }
286
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287 *dst++ = '\r';
288 *dst++ = '\n';
289 wrlen = dst - buffer;
290
226f9f4f 291 return bfd_write (buffer, wrlen, abfd) == wrlen;
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292}
293
0a1b45a2 294static bool
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295verilog_write_section (bfd *abfd,
296 tdata_type *tdata ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
297 verilog_data_list_type *list)
298{
299 unsigned int octets_written = 0;
300 bfd_byte *location = list->data;
301
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302 /* Insist that the starting address is a multiple of the data width. */
303 if (list->where % VerilogDataWidth)
304 {
305 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
306 return false;
307 }
308
309 verilog_write_address (abfd, list->where / VerilogDataWidth);
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310 while (octets_written < list->size)
311 {
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312 unsigned int octets_this_chunk = list->size - octets_written;
313
314 if (octets_this_chunk > 16)
315 octets_this_chunk = 16;
316
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317 if (! verilog_write_record (abfd,
318 location,
319 location + octets_this_chunk))
0a1b45a2 320 return false;
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321
322 octets_written += octets_this_chunk;
323 location += octets_this_chunk;
324 }
325
0a1b45a2 326 return true;
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327}
328
0a1b45a2 329static bool
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330verilog_write_object_contents (bfd *abfd)
331{
332 tdata_type *tdata = abfd->tdata.verilog_data;
333 verilog_data_list_type *list;
334
335 /* Now wander though all the sections provided and output them. */
336 list = tdata->head;
337
338 while (list != (verilog_data_list_type *) NULL)
339 {
340 if (! verilog_write_section (abfd, tdata, list))
0a1b45a2 341 return false;
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342 list = list->next;
343 }
0a1b45a2 344 return true;
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345}
346
347/* Initialize by filling in the hex conversion array. */
348
349static void
350verilog_init (void)
351{
0a1b45a2 352 static bool inited = false;
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353
354 if (! inited)
355 {
0a1b45a2 356 inited = true;
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357 hex_init ();
358 }
359}
360
361/* Set up the verilog tdata information. */
362
0a1b45a2 363static bool
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364verilog_mkobject (bfd *abfd)
365{
366 tdata_type *tdata;
367
368 verilog_init ();
369
a50b1753 370 tdata = (tdata_type *) bfd_alloc (abfd, sizeof (tdata_type));
c067354b 371 if (tdata == NULL)
0a1b45a2 372 return false;
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373
374 abfd->tdata.verilog_data = tdata;
375 tdata->head = NULL;
376 tdata->tail = NULL;
377
0a1b45a2 378 return true;
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379}
380
07d6d2b8
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381#define verilog_close_and_cleanup _bfd_generic_close_and_cleanup
382#define verilog_bfd_free_cached_info _bfd_generic_bfd_free_cached_info
383#define verilog_new_section_hook _bfd_generic_new_section_hook
d00dd7dc 384#define verilog_bfd_is_target_special_symbol _bfd_bool_bfd_asymbol_false
07d6d2b8
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385#define verilog_bfd_is_local_label_name bfd_generic_is_local_label_name
386#define verilog_get_lineno _bfd_nosymbols_get_lineno
387#define verilog_find_nearest_line _bfd_nosymbols_find_nearest_line
6e7a29c7 388#define verilog_find_nearest_line_with_alt _bfd_nosymbols_find_nearest_line_with_alt
07d6d2b8
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389#define verilog_find_inliner_info _bfd_nosymbols_find_inliner_info
390#define verilog_make_empty_symbol _bfd_generic_make_empty_symbol
391#define verilog_bfd_make_debug_symbol _bfd_nosymbols_bfd_make_debug_symbol
392#define verilog_read_minisymbols _bfd_generic_read_minisymbols
393#define verilog_minisymbol_to_symbol _bfd_generic_minisymbol_to_symbol
c067354b 394#define verilog_bfd_get_relocated_section_contents bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
07d6d2b8
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395#define verilog_bfd_relax_section bfd_generic_relax_section
396#define verilog_bfd_gc_sections bfd_generic_gc_sections
397#define verilog_bfd_merge_sections bfd_generic_merge_sections
398#define verilog_bfd_is_group_section bfd_generic_is_group_section
cb7f4b29 399#define verilog_bfd_group_name bfd_generic_group_name
07d6d2b8
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400#define verilog_bfd_discard_group bfd_generic_discard_group
401#define verilog_section_already_linked _bfd_generic_section_already_linked
402#define verilog_bfd_link_hash_table_create _bfd_generic_link_hash_table_create
403#define verilog_bfd_link_add_symbols _bfd_generic_link_add_symbols
404#define verilog_bfd_link_just_syms _bfd_generic_link_just_syms
405#define verilog_bfd_final_link _bfd_generic_final_link
406#define verilog_bfd_link_split_section _bfd_generic_link_split_section
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407
408const bfd_target verilog_vec =
409{
410 "verilog", /* Name. */
411 bfd_target_verilog_flavour,
412 BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* Target byte order. */
413 BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* Target headers byte order. */
414 (HAS_RELOC | EXEC_P | /* Object flags. */
415 HAS_LINENO | HAS_DEBUG |
416 HAS_SYMS | HAS_LOCALS | WP_TEXT | D_PAGED),
417 (SEC_CODE | SEC_DATA | SEC_ROM | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS
418 | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC), /* Section flags. */
419 0, /* Leading underscore. */
420 ' ', /* AR_pad_char. */
421 16, /* AR_max_namelen. */
0aabe54e 422 0, /* match priority. */
d1bcae83 423 TARGET_KEEP_UNUSED_SECTION_SYMBOLS, /* keep unused section symbols. */
c067354b
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424 bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
425 bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
426 bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* Data. */
427 bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
428 bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
429 bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* Hdrs. */
430
431 {
432 _bfd_dummy_target,
433 _bfd_dummy_target,
434 _bfd_dummy_target,
435 _bfd_dummy_target,
436 },
437 {
d00dd7dc 438 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
c067354b 439 verilog_mkobject,
d00dd7dc
AM
440 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
441 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
c067354b
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442 },
443 { /* bfd_write_contents. */
d00dd7dc 444 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
c067354b 445 verilog_write_object_contents,
d00dd7dc
AM
446 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
447 _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
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448 },
449
450 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_GENERIC (_bfd_generic),
451 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_COPY (_bfd_generic),
452 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_CORE (_bfd_nocore),
453 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_ARCHIVE (_bfd_noarchive),
454 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_SYMBOLS (_bfd_nosymbols),
455 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_RELOCS (_bfd_norelocs),
456 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_WRITE (verilog),
457 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_LINK (_bfd_nolink),
458 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_DYNAMIC (_bfd_nodynamic),
459
460 NULL,
461
462 NULL
463};