projects / thirdparty / systemd.git / blame
| Commit | Line | Data |
|---|---|---|
| c66e7bc7 | 1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> |
| 3a54a157 | 2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" |
| 12b42c76 | 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> |
| db9ecf05 | 4 | <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later --> |
| c66e7bc7 LP |
5 | |
| 6 | <refentry id="kernel-command-line"> | |
| 7 | ||
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
8 | <refentryinfo> |
| 9 | <title>kernel-command-line</title> | |
| 10 | <productname>systemd</productname> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
11 | </refentryinfo> |
| 12 | ||
| 13 | <refmeta> | |
| 14 | <refentrytitle>kernel-command-line</refentrytitle> | |
| 15 | <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> | |
| 16 | </refmeta> | |
| 17 | ||
| 18 | <refnamediv> | |
| 19 | <refname>kernel-command-line</refname> | |
| 20 | <refpurpose>Kernel command line parameters</refpurpose> | |
| 21 | </refnamediv> | |
| 22 | ||
| 23 | <refsynopsisdiv> | |
| 24 | <para><filename>/proc/cmdline</filename></para> | |
| 25 | </refsynopsisdiv> | |
| 26 | ||
| 27 | <refsect1> | |
| 28 | <title>Description</title> | |
| 29 | ||
| b66a6e1a ZJS |
30 | <para>The kernel, the programs running in the initrd and in the host system may be configured at boot via |
| 31 | kernel command line arguments. In addition, various systemd tools look at the EFI variable | |
| 28f0aef4 ZJS |
32 | <literal>SystemdOptions</literal> (if available). Both sources are combined, but the kernel command line |
| 33 | has higher priority. Please note that <emphasis>the EFI variable is only used by systemd tools, and is | |
| 34 | ignored by the kernel and other user space tools</emphasis>, so it is not a replacement for the kernel | |
| 35 | command line.</para> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
36 | |
| 37 | <para>For command line parameters understood by the kernel, please | |
| ab1f7245 | 38 | see |
| 0e685823 | 39 | <ulink url="https://docs.kernel.org/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html"><filename>kernel-parameters.html</filename></ulink> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
40 | and |
| 41 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 42 | ||
| b66a6e1a | 43 | <para>For command line parameters understood by the initrd, see |
| af105d03 | 44 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
45 | or the documentation of the specific initrd implementation of your |
| 46 | installation.</para> | |
| 47 | </refsect1> | |
| 48 | ||
| 49 | <refsect1> | |
| 50 | <title>Core OS Command Line Arguments</title> | |
| 51 | ||
| 52 | <variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'> | |
| 53 | <varlistentry> | |
| 54 | <term><varname>systemd.unit=</varname></term> | |
| 55 | <term><varname>rd.systemd.unit=</varname></term> | |
| 770c4777 | 56 | <term><varname>systemd.dump_core</varname></term> |
| c6885f5f | 57 | <term><varname>systemd.early_core_pattern=</varname></term> |
| 770c4777 ZJS |
58 | <term><varname>systemd.crash_chvt</varname></term> |
| 59 | <term><varname>systemd.crash_shell</varname></term> | |
| 60 | <term><varname>systemd.crash_reboot</varname></term> | |
| 61 | <term><varname>systemd.confirm_spawn</varname></term> | |
| 2a12e32e | 62 | <term><varname>systemd.service_watchdogs</varname></term> |
| 770c4777 | 63 | <term><varname>systemd.show_status</varname></term> |
| 36cf4507 | 64 | <term><varname>systemd.status_unit_format=</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
65 | <term><varname>systemd.log_target=</varname></term> |
| 66 | <term><varname>systemd.log_level=</varname></term> | |
| 798d3a52 | 67 | <term><varname>systemd.log_location=</varname></term> |
| 770c4777 | 68 | <term><varname>systemd.log_color</varname></term> |
| 8750a06b | 69 | <term><varname>systemd.log_ratelimit_kmsg</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
70 | <term><varname>systemd.default_standard_output=</varname></term> |
| 71 | <term><varname>systemd.default_standard_error=</varname></term> | |
| 72 | <term><varname>systemd.setenv=</varname></term> | |
| ee48dbd5 | 73 | <term><varname>systemd.machine_id=</varname></term> |
| 72267a55 LP |
74 | <term><varname>systemd.set_credential=</varname></term> |
| 75 | <term><varname>systemd.import_credentials=</varname></term> | |
| 856bfaeb LB |
76 | <term><varname>systemd.reload_limit_interval_sec=</varname></term> |
| 77 | <term><varname>systemd.reload_limit_burst=</varname></term> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
78 | <listitem> |
| 79 | <para>Parameters understood by the system and service | |
| 80 | manager to control system behavior. For details, see | |
| 81 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 82 | </listitem> | |
| 83 | </varlistentry> | |
| 84 | ||
| 85 | <varlistentry> | |
| 86 | <term><varname>systemd.mask=</varname></term> | |
| 87 | <term><varname>systemd.wants=</varname></term> | |
| 1d84ad94 | 88 | <term><varname>systemd.debug_shell</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
89 | <listitem> |
| 90 | <para>Additional parameters understood by | |
| 91 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 92 | to mask or start specific units at boot, or invoke a debug | |
| 93 | shell on tty9.</para> | |
| 94 | </listitem> | |
| 95 | </varlistentry> | |
| 96 | ||
| 565f3d91 LP |
97 | <varlistentry> |
| 98 | <term><varname>systemd.run=</varname></term> | |
| 99 | <term><varname>systemd.run_success_action=</varname></term> | |
| 100 | <term><varname>systemd.run_failure_action=</varname></term> | |
| 101 | <listitem> | |
| 102 | <para>Additional parameters understood by | |
| 103 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-run-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, to | |
| 104 | run a command line specified on the kernel command line as system service after booting up.</para> | |
| 105 | </listitem> | |
| 106 | </varlistentry> | |
| 107 | ||
| c6885f5f FB |
108 | <varlistentry> |
| 109 | <term><varname>systemd.early_core_pattern=</varname></term> | |
| 110 | <listitem> | |
| 111 | <para>During early boot, the generation of core dump files is disabled until a core dump handler (if any) | |
| 11fcfc53 | 112 | takes over. This parameter allows specifying an absolute path where core dump files should be stored until |
| c6885f5f | 113 | a handler is installed. The path should be absolute and may contain specifiers, see |
| b7a47345 | 114 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>core</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details.</para> |
| c6885f5f FB |
115 | </listitem> |
| 116 | </varlistentry> | |
| 117 | ||
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
118 | <varlistentry> |
| 119 | <term><varname>systemd.restore_state=</varname></term> | |
| 120 | <listitem> | |
| 121 | <para>This parameter is understood by several system tools | |
| 122 | to control whether or not they should restore system state | |
| 123 | from the previous boot. For details, see | |
| 124 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 125 | and | |
| af105d03 | 126 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
127 | </para> |
| 128 | </listitem> | |
| 129 | </varlistentry> | |
| 130 | ||
| 91214a37 LP |
131 | <varlistentry> |
| 132 | <term><varname>systemd.volatile=</varname></term> | |
| 133 | <listitem> | |
| 134 | <para>This parameter controls whether the system shall boot up in volatile mode. Takes a boolean argument, or | |
| 135 | the special value <literal>state</literal>. If false (the default), normal boot mode is selected, the root | |
| 3b121157 | 136 | directory and <filename>/var/</filename> are mounted as specified on the kernel command line or |
| 91214a37 LP |
137 | <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, or otherwise configured. If true, full state-less boot mode is selected. In |
| 138 | this case the root directory is mounted as volatile memory file system (<literal>tmpfs</literal>), and only | |
| 3b121157 | 139 | <filename>/usr/</filename> is mounted from the file system configured as root device, in read-only mode. This |
| 91214a37 | 140 | enables fully state-less boots were the vendor-supplied OS is used as shipped, with only default |
| 3b121157 | 141 | configuration and no stored state in effect, as <filename>/etc/</filename> and <filename>/var/</filename> (as |
| 91214a37 | 142 | well as all other resources shipped in the root file system) are reset at boot and lost on shutdown. If this |
| 13070a70 | 143 | setting is set to <literal>state</literal> the root file system is mounted read-only, however |
| 3b121157 | 144 | <filename>/var/</filename> is mounted as a volatile memory file system (<literal>tmpfs</literal>), so that the |
| 13070a70 LP |
145 | system boots up with the normal configuration applied, but all state reset at boot and lost at shutdown. If |
| 146 | this setting is set to <literal>overlay</literal> the root file system is set up as | |
| 147 | <literal>overlayfs</literal> mount combining the read-only root directory with a writable | |
| 148 | <literal>tmpfs</literal>, so that no modifications are made to disk, but the file system may be modified | |
| 149 | nonetheless with all changes being lost at reboot. For details, see | |
| 91214a37 LP |
150 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-volatile-root.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| 151 | and | |
| 152 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 153 | </listitem> | |
| 154 | </varlistentry> | |
| 155 | ||
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
156 | <varlistentry> |
| 157 | <term><varname>quiet</varname></term> | |
| 158 | <listitem> | |
| 159 | <para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system | |
| 160 | and service manager to control console log verbosity. For | |
| 161 | details, see | |
| 162 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 163 | </listitem> | |
| 164 | </varlistentry> | |
| 165 | ||
| 166 | <varlistentry> | |
| 167 | <term><varname>debug</varname></term> | |
| 168 | <listitem> | |
| 169 | <para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system | |
| 170 | and service manager to control console log verbosity. For | |
| 171 | details, see | |
| 172 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 173 | </listitem> | |
| 174 | </varlistentry> | |
| 175 | ||
| 176 | <varlistentry> | |
| 177 | <term><varname>-b</varname></term> | |
| dcd61450 | 178 | <term><varname>rd.emergency</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 | 179 | <term><varname>emergency</varname></term> |
| dcd61450 | 180 | <term><varname>rd.rescue</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
181 | <term><varname>rescue</varname></term> |
| 182 | <term><varname>single</varname></term> | |
| 183 | <term><varname>s</varname></term> | |
| 184 | <term><varname>S</varname></term> | |
| 185 | <term><varname>1</varname></term> | |
| 186 | <term><varname>2</varname></term> | |
| 187 | <term><varname>3</varname></term> | |
| 188 | <term><varname>4</varname></term> | |
| 189 | <term><varname>5</varname></term> | |
| 190 | <listitem> | |
| 191 | <para>Parameters understood by the system and service | |
| dcd61450 | 192 | manager, as compatibility and convenience options. For details, see |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
193 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| 194 | </listitem> | |
| 195 | </varlistentry> | |
| 196 | ||
| 197 | <varlistentry> | |
| 198 | <term><varname>locale.LANG=</varname></term> | |
| 199 | <term><varname>locale.LANGUAGE=</varname></term> | |
| 200 | <term><varname>locale.LC_CTYPE=</varname></term> | |
| 201 | <term><varname>locale.LC_NUMERIC=</varname></term> | |
| 202 | <term><varname>locale.LC_TIME=</varname></term> | |
| 203 | <term><varname>locale.LC_COLLATE=</varname></term> | |
| 204 | <term><varname>locale.LC_MONETARY=</varname></term> | |
| 205 | <term><varname>locale.LC_MESSAGES=</varname></term> | |
| 206 | <term><varname>locale.LC_PAPER=</varname></term> | |
| 207 | <term><varname>locale.LC_NAME=</varname></term> | |
| 208 | <term><varname>locale.LC_ADDRESS=</varname></term> | |
| 209 | <term><varname>locale.LC_TELEPHONE=</varname></term> | |
| 210 | <term><varname>locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=</varname></term> | |
| 211 | <term><varname>locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=</varname></term> | |
| 212 | <listitem> | |
| 213 | <para>Parameters understood by the system and service | |
| 214 | manager to control locale and language settings. For | |
| 215 | details, see | |
| 216 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 217 | </listitem> | |
| 218 | </varlistentry> | |
| 219 | ||
| 220 | <varlistentry> | |
| 221 | <term><varname>fsck.mode=</varname></term> | |
| 222 | <term><varname>fsck.repair=</varname></term> | |
| 223 | ||
| 224 | <listitem> | |
| 225 | <para>Parameters understood by the file system checker | |
| 226 | services. For details, see | |
| 227 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 228 | </listitem> | |
| 229 | </varlistentry> | |
| 230 | ||
| 231 | <varlistentry> | |
| 232 | <term><varname>quotacheck.mode=</varname></term> | |
| 233 | ||
| 234 | <listitem> | |
| 235 | <para>Parameter understood by the file quota checker | |
| 236 | service. For details, see | |
| 237 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 238 | </listitem> | |
| 239 | </varlistentry> | |
| 240 | ||
| 241 | <varlistentry> | |
| 242 | <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</varname></term> | |
| 243 | <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</varname></term> | |
| 244 | <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</varname></term> | |
| 245 | <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</varname></term> | |
| 246 | ||
| 247 | <listitem> | |
| 248 | <para>Parameters understood by the journal service. For | |
| 249 | details, see | |
| 250 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 251 | </listitem> | |
| 252 | </varlistentry> | |
| 253 | ||
| 254 | <varlistentry> | |
| 255 | <term><varname>vconsole.keymap=</varname></term> | |
| 72ccee50 | 256 | <term><varname>vconsole.keymap_toggle=</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 | 257 | <term><varname>vconsole.font=</varname></term> |
| 72ccee50 ZJS |
258 | <term><varname>vconsole.font_map=</varname></term> |
| 259 | <term><varname>vconsole.font_unimap=</varname></term> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
260 | |
| 261 | <listitem> | |
| 72ccee50 ZJS |
262 | <para>Parameters understood by the virtual console setup logic. For details, see |
| 263 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>vconsole.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
264 | </listitem> |
| 265 | </varlistentry> | |
| 266 | ||
| 267 | <varlistentry> | |
| 64a3494c FB |
268 | <term><varname>udev.log_level=</varname></term> |
| 269 | <term><varname>rd.udev.log_level=</varname></term> | |
| 1d84ad94 LP |
270 | <term><varname>udev.children_max=</varname></term> |
| 271 | <term><varname>rd.udev.children_max=</varname></term> | |
| 272 | <term><varname>udev.exec_delay=</varname></term> | |
| 273 | <term><varname>rd.udev.exec_delay=</varname></term> | |
| 274 | <term><varname>udev.event_timeout=</varname></term> | |
| 275 | <term><varname>rd.udev.event_timeout=</varname></term> | |
| e2099267 MS |
276 | <term><varname>udev.timeout_signal=</varname></term> |
| 277 | <term><varname>rd.udev.timeout_signal=</varname></term> | |
| 95ac5230 LP |
278 | <term><varname>udev.blockdev_read_only</varname></term> |
| 279 | <term><varname>rd.udev.blockdev_read_only</varname></term> | |
| 798d3a52 | 280 | <term><varname>net.ifnames=</varname></term> |
| f7e81fd9 | 281 | <term><varname>net.naming-scheme=</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
282 | |
| 283 | <listitem> | |
| 284 | <para>Parameters understood by the device event managing | |
| 285 | daemon. For details, see | |
| 286 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 287 | </listitem> | |
| 288 | </varlistentry> | |
| 289 | ||
| 290 | <varlistentry> | |
| 291 | <term><varname>plymouth.enable=</varname></term> | |
| 292 | ||
| 293 | <listitem> | |
| 294 | <para>May be used to disable the Plymouth boot splash. For | |
| 295 | details, see | |
| 296 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 297 | </listitem> | |
| 298 | </varlistentry> | |
| 299 | ||
| 300 | <varlistentry> | |
| 301 | <term><varname>luks=</varname></term> | |
| 302 | <term><varname>rd.luks=</varname></term> | |
| 303 | <term><varname>luks.crypttab=</varname></term> | |
| 304 | <term><varname>rd.luks.crypttab=</varname></term> | |
| 305 | <term><varname>luks.name=</varname></term> | |
| 306 | <term><varname>rd.luks.name=</varname></term> | |
| 307 | <term><varname>luks.uuid=</varname></term> | |
| 308 | <term><varname>rd.luks.uuid=</varname></term> | |
| 309 | <term><varname>luks.options=</varname></term> | |
| 310 | <term><varname>rd.luks.options=</varname></term> | |
| 311 | <term><varname>luks.key=</varname></term> | |
| 312 | <term><varname>rd.luks.key=</varname></term> | |
| 313 | ||
| 314 | <listitem> | |
| 315 | <para>Configures the LUKS full-disk encryption logic at | |
| 316 | boot. For details, see | |
| 317 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 318 | </listitem> | |
| 319 | </varlistentry> | |
| 320 | ||
| 321 | <varlistentry> | |
| 322 | <term><varname>fstab=</varname></term> | |
| 323 | <term><varname>rd.fstab=</varname></term> | |
| 324 | ||
| 325 | <listitem> | |
| 326 | <para>Configures the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> logic | |
| 327 | at boot. For details, see | |
| 328 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 329 | </listitem> | |
| 330 | </varlistentry> | |
| 331 | ||
| 332 | <varlistentry> | |
| 333 | <term><varname>root=</varname></term> | |
| 334 | <term><varname>rootfstype=</varname></term> | |
| d6a12e7c | 335 | <term><varname>rootflags=</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
336 | <term><varname>ro</varname></term> |
| 337 | <term><varname>rw</varname></term> | |
| 338 | ||
| 339 | <listitem> | |
| cf451f38 LP |
340 | <para>Configures the root file system and its file system type and mount options, as well as |
| 341 | whether it shall be mounted read-only or read-write initially. For details, see | |
| 798d3a52 | 342 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| cf451f38 LP |
343 | |
| 344 | <para>If <varname>root=</varname> is not set (or set to <literal>gpt-auto</literal>) the automatic | |
| 345 | root partition discovery implemented by | |
| 346 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 347 | will be in effect. In this case <varname>rootfstype=</varname>, <varname>rootflags=</varname>, | |
| 348 | <varname>ro</varname>, <varname>rw</varname> will be interpreted by | |
| 349 | <command>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</command>.</para> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
350 | </listitem> |
| 351 | </varlistentry> | |
| 352 | ||
| 6dfcea32 TH |
353 | <varlistentry> |
| 354 | <term><varname>mount.usr=</varname></term> | |
| 355 | <term><varname>mount.usrfstype=</varname></term> | |
| 356 | <term><varname>mount.usrflags=</varname></term> | |
| 357 | ||
| 358 | <listitem> | |
| 359 | <para>Configures the /usr file system (if required) and | |
| 360 | its file system type and mount options. For details, see | |
| 361 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 362 | </listitem> | |
| 363 | </varlistentry> | |
| 364 | ||
| 2f3dfc6f | 365 | <varlistentry> |
| 08b04ec7 GP |
366 | <term><varname>veritytab=</varname></term> |
| 367 | <term><varname>rd.veritytab=</varname></term> | |
| 2f3dfc6f LP |
368 | <term><varname>roothash=</varname></term> |
| 369 | <term><varname>systemd.verity=</varname></term> | |
| 370 | <term><varname>rd.systemd.verity=</varname></term> | |
| 371 | <term><varname>systemd.verity_root_data=</varname></term> | |
| 372 | <term><varname>systemd.verity_root_hash=</varname></term> | |
| 0141102f | 373 | <term><varname>systemd.verity.root_options=</varname></term> |
| e5196eee MB |
374 | <term><varname>usrhash=</varname></term> |
| 375 | <term><varname>systemd.verity_usr_data=</varname></term> | |
| 376 | <term><varname>systemd.verity_usr_hash=</varname></term> | |
| 377 | <term><varname>systemd.verity_usr_options=</varname></term> | |
| 2f3dfc6f | 378 | <listitem> |
| e5196eee | 379 | <para>Configures the integrity protection root hash for the root and <filename>/usr</filename> file systems, and other related |
| 2f3dfc6f LP |
380 | parameters. For details, see |
| 381 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 382 | </listitem> | |
| 383 | </varlistentry> | |
| 384 | ||
| 21d00e52 LB |
385 | <varlistentry> |
| 386 | <term><varname>systemd.getty_auto=</varname></term> | |
| 387 | ||
| 388 | <listitem> | |
| 389 | <para>Configures whether the <filename>serial-getty@.service</filename> will run. | |
| 390 | For details, see | |
| 391 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-getty-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 392 | </listitem> | |
| 393 | </varlistentry> | |
| 394 | ||
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
395 | <varlistentry> |
| 396 | <term><varname>systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term> | |
| 397 | <term><varname>rd.systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term> | |
| 398 | ||
| 399 | <listitem> | |
| 9ea81191 | 400 | <para>Configures whether GPT-based partition auto-discovery shall be attempted. For details, see |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
401 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| 402 | </listitem> | |
| 403 | </varlistentry> | |
| 404 | ||
| 9ea81191 LP |
405 | <varlistentry> |
| 406 | <term><varname>systemd.image_policy=</varname></term> | |
| 407 | <term><varname>rd.systemd.image_policy=</varname></term> | |
| 408 | ||
| 409 | <listitem><para>When GPT-based partition auto-discovery is used, configures the image dissection | |
| 410 | policy string to apply, as per | |
| 411 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.image-policy</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. For | |
| 412 | details see | |
| 413 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem> | |
| 414 | </varlistentry> | |
| 415 | ||
| 959718c6 TB |
416 | <varlistentry> |
| 417 | <term><varname>systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=</varname></term> | |
| 418 | ||
| 419 | <listitem> | |
| ba669952 | 420 | <para>Overrides the default start job timeout <varname>DefaultTimeoutStartSec=</varname> at |
| 9c5ea4b1 LP |
421 | boot. For details, see |
| 422 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| c75396c3 EJ |
423 | </listitem> |
| 424 | </varlistentry> | |
| 425 | ||
| 6b818cd7 DDM |
426 | <varlistentry> |
| 427 | <term><varname>systemd.default_device_timeout_sec=</varname></term> | |
| 428 | ||
| 429 | <listitem> | |
| 430 | <para>Overrides the default device timeout <varname>DefaultDeviceTimeoutSec=</varname> at boot. For | |
| 431 | details, see | |
| 432 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 433 | </listitem> | |
| 434 | </varlistentry> | |
| 435 | ||
| c75396c3 EJ |
436 | <varlistentry> |
| 437 | <term><varname>systemd.watchdog_device=</varname></term> | |
| 438 | ||
| 439 | <listitem> | |
| ba669952 | 440 | <para>Overrides the watchdog device path <varname>WatchdogDevice=</varname>. For details, see |
| 9c5ea4b1 LP |
441 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| 442 | </listitem> | |
| 443 | </varlistentry> | |
| 444 | ||
| 445 | <varlistentry> | |
| 446 | <term><varname>systemd.watchdog_sec=</varname></term> | |
| 447 | ||
| 448 | <listitem> | |
| ba669952 | 449 | <para>Overrides the watchdog timeout settings otherwise configured with |
| 9c5ea4b1 LP |
450 | <varname>RuntimeWatchdog=</varname>, <varname>RebootWatchdog=</varname> and |
| 451 | <varname>KExecWatchdogSec=</varname>. Takes a time value (if no unit is specified, seconds is the | |
| 452 | implicitly assumed time unit) or the special strings <literal>off</literal> or | |
| 453 | <literal>default</literal>. For details, see | |
| c75396c3 | 454 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| 959718c6 TB |
455 | </listitem> |
| 456 | </varlistentry> | |
| 457 | ||
| 5717062e CK |
458 | <varlistentry> |
| 459 | <term><varname>systemd.watchdog_pre_sec=</varname></term> | |
| 460 | ||
| 461 | <listitem> | |
| 462 | <para>Overrides the watchdog pre-timeout settings otherwise configured with | |
| 463 | <varname>RuntimeWatchdogPreSec=</varname>. Takes a time value (if no unit is specified, seconds is the | |
| 464 | implicitly assumed time unit) or the special strings <literal>off</literal> or | |
| 465 | <literal>default</literal>. For details, see | |
| 466 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 467 | </listitem> | |
| 468 | </varlistentry> | |
| 469 | ||
| aff3a9e1 LB |
470 | <varlistentry> |
| 471 | <term><varname>systemd.watchdog_pretimeout_governor=</varname></term> | |
| 472 | ||
| 473 | <listitem> | |
| 474 | <para>Overrides the watchdog pre-timeout settings otherwise configured with | |
| 475 | <varname>RuntimeWatchdogPreGovernor=</varname>. Takes a string value. For details, see | |
| 476 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 477 | </listitem> | |
| 478 | </varlistentry> | |
| 479 | ||
| 68d58f38 LP |
480 | <varlistentry> |
| 481 | <term><varname>systemd.cpu_affinity=</varname></term> | |
| 482 | ||
| 483 | <listitem> | |
| 484 | <para>Overrides the CPU affinity mask for the service manager and the default for all child | |
| 485 | processes it forks. This takes precedence over <varname>CPUAffinity=</varname>, see | |
| 486 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 487 | for details.</para> | |
| 488 | </listitem> | |
| 489 | </varlistentry> | |
| 490 | ||
| 798d3a52 | 491 | <varlistentry> |
| 1d84ad94 LP |
492 | <term><varname>modules_load=</varname></term> |
| 493 | <term><varname>rd.modules_load=</varname></term> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
494 | |
| 495 | <listitem> | |
| 496 | <para>Load a specific kernel module early at boot. For | |
| 497 | details, see | |
| 498 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 499 | </listitem> | |
| 500 | </varlistentry> | |
| 501 | ||
| 116687f2 LP |
502 | <varlistentry> |
| 503 | <term><varname>nameserver=</varname></term> | |
| 504 | <term><varname>domain=</varname></term> | |
| 505 | ||
| 506 | <listitem><para>Configures DNS server information and search domains, see | |
| 507 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-resolved.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 508 | for details.</para></listitem> | |
| 509 | </varlistentry> | |
| 510 | ||
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
511 | <varlistentry> |
| 512 | <term><varname>resume=</varname></term> | |
| 8b6805a2 | 513 | <term><varname>resumeflags=</varname></term> |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
514 | |
| 515 | <listitem> | |
| 516 | <para>Enables resume from hibernation using the specified | |
| 8b6805a2 | 517 | device and mount options. All |
| 3ba3a79d | 518 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>-like |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
519 | paths are supported. For details, see |
| 520 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
| 521 | </listitem> | |
| 522 | </varlistentry> | |
| f582cbca LP |
523 | |
| 524 | <varlistentry> | |
| 525 | <term><varname>systemd.firstboot=</varname></term> | |
| 526 | ||
| 527 | <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. If off, | |
| 528 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 814872e9 LP |
529 | will not query the user for basic system settings, even if the system boots up for the first time and |
| 530 | the relevant settings are not initialized yet. Not to be confused with | |
| 531 | <varname>systemd.condition-first-boot=</varname> (see below), which overrides the result of the | |
| 532 | <varname>ConditionFirstBoot=</varname> unit file condition, and thus controls more than just | |
| 533 | <filename>systemd-firstboot.service</filename> behaviour.</para></listitem> | |
| f582cbca | 534 | </varlistentry> |
| f8b4ae29 LP |
535 | |
| 536 | <varlistentry> | |
| 537 | <term><varname>systemd.condition-needs-update=</varname></term> | |
| 538 | ||
| 539 | <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. If specified, overrides the result of | |
| 540 | <varname>ConditionNeedsUpdate=</varname> unit condition checks. See | |
| 541 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for | |
| 542 | details.</para></listitem> | |
| 543 | </varlistentry> | |
| 814872e9 LP |
544 | |
| 545 | <varlistentry> | |
| 546 | <term><varname>systemd.condition-first-boot=</varname></term> | |
| 547 | ||
| 548 | <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. If specified, overrides the result of | |
| 549 | <varname>ConditionFirstBoot=</varname> unit condition checks. See | |
| 550 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for | |
| 551 | details. Not to be confused with <varname>systemd.firstboot=</varname> which only controls behaviour | |
| 552 | of the <filename>systemd-firstboot.service</filename> system service but has no effect on the | |
| 553 | condition check (see above).</para></listitem> | |
| 554 | </varlistentry> | |
| 3753325b LP |
555 | |
| 556 | <varlistentry> | |
| 557 | <term><varname>systemd.clock-usec=</varname></term> | |
| 558 | ||
| 559 | <listitem><para>Takes a decimal, numeric timestamp in µs since January 1st 1970, 00:00am, to set the | |
| 18d9cee0 LP |
560 | system clock to. The system time is set to the specified timestamp early during boot. It is not |
| 561 | propagated to the hardware clock (RTC).</para></listitem> | |
| 562 | </varlistentry> | |
| 563 | ||
| 564 | <varlistentry> | |
| 565 | <term><varname>systemd.random-seed=</varname></term> | |
| 566 | ||
| 567 | <listitem><para>Takes a base64 encoded random seed value to credit with full entropy to the kernel's | |
| 568 | random pool during early service manager initialization. This option is useful in testing | |
| 569 | environments where delays due to random pool initialization in entropy starved virtual machines shall | |
| 570 | be avoided.</para> | |
| 571 | ||
| 572 | <para>Note that if this option is used the seed is accessible to unprivileged programs from | |
| 573 | <filename>/proc/cmdline</filename>. This option is hence a security risk when used outside of test | |
| 574 | systems, since the (possibly) only seed used for initialization of the kernel's entropy pool might be | |
| 575 | easily acquired by unprivileged programs.</para> | |
| 576 | ||
| 577 | <para>It is recommended to pass 512 bytes of randomized data (as that matches the Linux kernel pool | |
| 578 | size), which may be generated with a command like the following:</para> | |
| 579 | ||
| 580 | <programlisting>dd if=/dev/urandom bs=512 count=1 status=none | base64 -w 0</programlisting> | |
| 581 | ||
| 582 | <para>Again: do not use this option outside of testing environments, it's a security risk elsewhere, | |
| 583 | as secret key material derived from the entropy pool can possibly be reconstructed by unprivileged | |
| 584 | programs.</para> | |
| 585 | </listitem> | |
| 3753325b | 586 | </varlistentry> |
| 34293dfa LP |
587 | |
| 588 | <varlistentry> | |
| 589 | <term><varname>systemd.hostname=</varname></term> | |
| 590 | ||
| 591 | <listitem><para>Accepts a hostname to set during early boot. If specified takes precedence over what | |
| 592 | is set in <filename>/etc/hostname</filename>. Note that this does not bar later runtime changes to | |
| 593 | the hostname, it simply controls the initial hostname set during early boot.</para></listitem> | |
| 594 | </varlistentry> | |
| 4d62ee55 DDM |
595 | |
| 596 | <varlistentry> | |
| 597 | <term><varname>systemd.tty.term.<replaceable>tty</replaceable>=</varname></term> | |
| 598 | <term><varname>systemd.tty.rows.<replaceable>tty</replaceable>=</varname></term> | |
| 599 | <term><varname>systemd.tty.columns.<replaceable>tty</replaceable>=</varname></term> | |
| 600 | ||
| 601 | <listitem><para>These arguments allow configuring default values for <varname>$TERM</varname>, | |
| 602 | <varname>TTYRows=</varname>, and <varname>TTYColumns=</varname> for tty | |
| 153d5dfd DDM |
603 | <replaceable>tty</replaceable>. Additionally, <varname>systemd.tty.term.console</varname> will |
| 604 | configure the <varname>$TERM</varname> value used by <command>systemd</command> if not set explicitly | |
| 605 | using <varname>TERM</varname> on the kernel command line. The tty name should be specified without | |
| 606 | the <filename>/dev/</filename> prefix (e.g. <literal>systemd.tty.rows.ttyS0=80</literal>). | |
| 4d62ee55 DDM |
607 | </para></listitem> |
| 608 | </varlistentry> | |
| 798d3a52 | 609 | </variablelist> |
| 7a9e0bd0 | 610 | </refsect1> |
| 798d3a52 | 611 | |
| 7a9e0bd0 ZJS |
612 | <refsect1> |
| 613 | <title>History</title> | |
| 614 | ||
| 615 | <variablelist> | |
| 616 | <varlistentry> | |
| 617 | <term>systemd 252</term> | |
| 618 | <listitem><para>Kernel command-line arguments <varname>systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy</varname> | |
| 619 | and <varname>systemd.legacy_systemd_cgroup_controller</varname> were deprecated. Please switch to | |
| 620 | the unified cgroup hierarchy.</para></listitem> | |
| 621 | </varlistentry> | |
| 622 | </variablelist> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
623 | </refsect1> |
| 624 | ||
| 625 | <refsect1> | |
| 626 | <title>See Also</title> | |
| 627 | <para> | |
| 628 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| d1698b82 | 629 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 | 630 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| af105d03 | 631 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
632 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 633 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 634 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 635 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 636 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 637 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 638 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 639 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| 2f3dfc6f | 640 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 | 641 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 21d00e52 | 642 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-getty-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 | 643 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 91214a37 | 644 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-volatile-root.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
645 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 646 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
| af105d03 | 647 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| f582cbca | 648 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 4e5aa791 ZJS |
649 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| 650 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>bootctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
| 798d3a52 ZJS |
651 | </para> |
| 652 | </refsect1> | |
| c66e7bc7 LP |
653 | |
| 654 | </refentry> |