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Commit | Line | Data |
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a1eaacb1 | 1 | '\" t |
fea681da | 2 | .\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) |
fea681da | 3 | .\" |
e4a74ca8 | 4 | .\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later |
fea681da | 5 | .\" |
5ef5222a | 6 | .\" Created 1993-04-02 by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) |
fea681da MK |
7 | .\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) |
8 | .\" Modified 1994-05-15 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) | |
9 | .\" Modified 1994-11-22 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) | |
10 | .\" Modified 1995-07-11 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) | |
11 | .\" Modified 1996-12-18 by Michael Haardt and aeb | |
12 | .\" Modified 1999-05-31 by Dimitri Papadopoulos (dpo@club-internet.fr) | |
13 | .\" Modified 1999-08-08 by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) | |
14 | .\" Modified 2004-04-01 by aeb | |
15 | .\" | |
4c1c5274 | 16 | .TH ascii 7 (date) "Linux man-pages (unreleased)" |
fea681da | 17 | .SH NAME |
5ef5222a MM |
18 | ascii \- ASCII character set encoded in octal, decimal, |
19 | and hexadecimal | |
fea681da MK |
20 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
21 | ASCII is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. | |
c13182ef | 22 | It is a 7-bit code. |
3ed1de0d | 23 | Many 8-bit codes (e.g., ISO/IEC\~8859-1) contain ASCII as their lower half. |
fb464449 | 24 | The international counterpart of ASCII is known as ISO/IEC\~646-IRV. |
c6d039a3 | 25 | .P |
fea681da | 26 | The following table contains the 128 ASCII characters. |
c6d039a3 | 27 | .P |
b957f81f | 28 | C program \f(CW\[aq]\eX\[aq]\fP escapes are noted. |
c6d039a3 | 29 | .P |
71b02c05 | 30 | .EX |
fea681da | 31 | .TS |
33e2aa41 | 32 | l l l l | l l l l. |
2ce70b17 | 33 | Oct Dec Hex Char Oct Dec Hex Char |
fea681da | 34 | _ |
b957f81f | 35 | 000 0 00 NUL \[aq]\e0\[aq] (null character) 100 64 40 @ |
2ce70b17 MK |
36 | 001 1 01 SOH (start of heading) 101 65 41 A |
37 | 002 2 02 STX (start of text) 102 66 42 B | |
38 | 003 3 03 ETX (end of text) 103 67 43 C | |
39 | 004 4 04 EOT (end of transmission) 104 68 44 D | |
40 | 005 5 05 ENQ (enquiry) 105 69 45 E | |
41 | 006 6 06 ACK (acknowledge) 106 70 46 F | |
b957f81f AC |
42 | 007 7 07 BEL \[aq]\ea\[aq] (bell) 107 71 47 G |
43 | 010 8 08 BS \[aq]\eb\[aq] (backspace) 110 72 48 H | |
44 | 011 9 09 HT \[aq]\et\[aq] (horizontal tab) 111 73 49 I | |
45 | 012 10 0A LF \[aq]\en\[aq] (new line) 112 74 4A J | |
46 | 013 11 0B VT \[aq]\ev\[aq] (vertical tab) 113 75 4B K | |
47 | 014 12 0C FF \[aq]\ef\[aq] (form feed) 114 76 4C L | |
48 | 015 13 0D CR \[aq]\er\[aq] (carriage ret) 115 77 4D M | |
2ce70b17 MK |
49 | 016 14 0E SO (shift out) 116 78 4E N |
50 | 017 15 0F SI (shift in) 117 79 4F O | |
51 | 020 16 10 DLE (data link escape) 120 80 50 P | |
52 | 021 17 11 DC1 (device control 1) 121 81 51 Q | |
53 | 022 18 12 DC2 (device control 2) 122 82 52 R | |
54 | 023 19 13 DC3 (device control 3) 123 83 53 S | |
55 | 024 20 14 DC4 (device control 4) 124 84 54 T | |
56 | 025 21 15 NAK (negative ack.) 125 85 55 U | |
57 | 026 22 16 SYN (synchronous idle) 126 86 56 V | |
58 | 027 23 17 ETB (end of trans. blk) 127 87 57 W | |
59 | 030 24 18 CAN (cancel) 130 88 58 X | |
60 | 031 25 19 EM (end of medium) 131 89 59 Y | |
61 | 032 26 1A SUB (substitute) 132 90 5A Z | |
62 | 033 27 1B ESC (escape) 133 91 5B [ | |
b957f81f | 63 | 034 28 1C FS (file separator) 134 92 5C \e \[aq]\e\e\[aq] |
2ce70b17 | 64 | 035 29 1D GS (group separator) 135 93 5D ] |
a1e9245d | 65 | 036 30 1E RS (record separator) 136 94 5E \[ha] |
2ce70b17 MK |
66 | 037 31 1F US (unit separator) 137 95 5F \&_ |
67 | 040 32 20 SPACE 140 96 60 \` | |
68 | 041 33 21 ! 141 97 61 a | |
69 | 042 34 22 " 142 98 62 b | |
70 | 043 35 23 # 143 99 63 c | |
71 | 044 36 24 $ 144 100 64 d | |
72 | 045 37 25 % 145 101 65 e | |
73 | 046 38 26 & 146 102 66 f | |
b957f81f | 74 | 047 39 27 \[aq] 147 103 67 g |
2ce70b17 MK |
75 | 050 40 28 ( 150 104 68 h |
76 | 051 41 29 ) 151 105 69 i | |
77 | 052 42 2A * 152 106 6A j | |
78 | 053 43 2B + 153 107 6B k | |
79 | 054 44 2C , 154 108 6C l | |
80 | 055 45 2D \- 155 109 6D m | |
81 | 056 46 2E . 156 110 6E n | |
82 | 057 47 2F / 157 111 6F o | |
83 | 060 48 30 0 160 112 70 p | |
84 | 061 49 31 1 161 113 71 q | |
85 | 062 50 32 2 162 114 72 r | |
86 | 063 51 33 3 163 115 73 s | |
87 | 064 52 34 4 164 116 74 t | |
88 | 065 53 35 5 165 117 75 u | |
89 | 066 54 36 6 166 118 76 v | |
90 | 067 55 37 7 167 119 77 w | |
91 | 070 56 38 8 170 120 78 x | |
92 | 071 57 39 9 171 121 79 y | |
93 | 072 58 3A : 172 122 7A z | |
94 | 073 59 3B ; 173 123 7B { | |
95 | 074 60 3C < 174 124 7C | | |
96 | 075 61 3D = 175 125 7D } | |
3f029bc9 | 97 | 076 62 3E > 176 126 7E \[ti] |
2ce70b17 | 98 | 077 63 3F ? 177 127 7F DEL |
fea681da | 99 | .TE |
71b02c05 | 100 | .EE |
c0f153c6 | 101 | .SS Tables |
5ef5222a | 102 | For convenience, below are more compact tables in hex and decimal. |
c6d039a3 | 103 | .P |
71b02c05 | 104 | .EX |
c0f153c6 MK |
105 | 2 3 4 5 6 7 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 |
106 | ------------- --------------------------------- | |
185ec3e4 | 107 | 0: 0 @ P \` p 0: ( 2 < F P Z d n x |
c0f153c6 | 108 | 1: ! 1 A Q a q 1: ) 3 = G Q [ e o y |
31a6818e | 109 | 2: " 2 B R b r 2: * 4 > H R \e f p z |
c0f153c6 | 110 | 3: # 3 C S c s 3: ! + 5 ? I S ] g q { |
a1e9245d | 111 | 4: $ 4 D T d t 4: " , 6 @ J T \[ha] h r | |
c0f153c6 | 112 | 5: % 5 E U e u 5: # \- 7 A K U _ i s } |
3f029bc9 | 113 | 6: & 6 F V f v 6: $ . 8 B L V \` j t \[ti] |
b957f81f | 114 | 7: \[aq] 7 G W g w 7: % / 9 C M W a k u DEL |
c0f153c6 | 115 | 8: ( 8 H X h x 8: & 0 : D N X b l v |
b957f81f | 116 | 9: ) 9 I Y i y 9: \[aq] 1 ; E O Y c m w |
c0f153c6 MK |
117 | A: * : J Z j z |
118 | B: + ; K [ k { | |
31a6818e | 119 | C: , < L \e l | |
c0f153c6 | 120 | D: \- = M ] m } |
a1e9245d | 121 | E: . > N \[ha] n \[ti] |
c0f153c6 | 122 | F: / ? O _ o DEL |
71b02c05 | 123 | .EE |
889829be MK |
124 | .SH NOTES |
125 | .SS History | |
2ff309be | 126 | /etc/ascii (VII) appears in the UNIX Programmer's Manual. |
c6d039a3 | 127 | .P |
fea681da MK |
128 | On older terminals, the underscore code is displayed as a left arrow, |
129 | called backarrow, the caret is displayed as an up-arrow and the vertical | |
130 | bar has a hole in the middle. | |
c6d039a3 | 131 | .P |
fea681da MK |
132 | Uppercase and lowercase characters differ by just one bit and the |
133 | ASCII character 2 differs from the double quote by just one bit, too. | |
134 | That made it much easier to encode characters mechanically or with a | |
135 | non-microcontroller-based electronic keyboard and that pairing was found | |
136 | on old teletypes. | |
c6d039a3 | 137 | .P |
fea681da MK |
138 | The ASCII standard was published by the United States of America |
139 | Standards Institute (USASI) in 1968. | |
140 | .\" | |
141 | .\" ASA was the American Standards Association and X3 was an ASA sectional | |
142 | .\" committee on computers and data processing. Its name changed to | |
143 | .\" American National Standards Committee X3 (ANSC-X3) and now it is known | |
144 | .\" as Accredited Standards Committee X3 (ASC X3). It is accredited by ANSI | |
145 | .\" and administered by ITI. The subcommittee X3.2 worked on coded | |
146 | .\" character sets; the task group working on ASCII appears to have been | |
147 | .\" designated X3.2.4. In 1966, ASA became the United States of America | |
148 | .\" Standards Institute (USASI) and published ASCII in 1968. It became the | |
149 | .\" American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1969 and is the | |
24b74457 | 150 | .\" U.S. member body of ISO; private and nonprofit. |
fea681da | 151 | .\" |
47297adb | 152 | .SH SEE ALSO |
5ef5222a | 153 | .BR charsets (7), |
28a4c58c MK |
154 | .BR iso_8859\-1 (7), |
155 | .BR iso_8859\-2 (7), | |
156 | .BR iso_8859\-3 (7), | |
157 | .BR iso_8859\-4 (7), | |
158 | .BR iso_8859\-5 (7), | |
159 | .BR iso_8859\-6 (7), | |
160 | .BR iso_8859\-7 (7), | |
161 | .BR iso_8859\-8 (7), | |
162 | .BR iso_8859\-9 (7), | |
163 | .BR iso_8859\-10 (7), | |
164 | .BR iso_8859\-11 (7), | |
165 | .BR iso_8859\-13 (7), | |
166 | .BR iso_8859\-14 (7), | |
167 | .BR iso_8859\-15 (7), | |
168 | .BR iso_8859\-16 (7), | |
169 | .BR utf\-8 (7) |