]>
Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
fea681da MK |
1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1995,1997 Paul Gortmaker and Andries Brouwer |
2 | .\" | |
1dd72f9c | 3 | .\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_DOC_FULL) |
fea681da MK |
4 | .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or |
5 | .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as | |
6 | .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of | |
7 | .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
8 | .\" | |
9 | .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code" | |
10 | .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any | |
11 | .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including | |
12 | .\" intermediate and printed output. | |
13 | .\" | |
14 | .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
15 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
16 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
17 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details. | |
18 | .\" | |
19 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public | |
c715f741 MK |
20 | .\" License along with this manual; if not, see |
21 | .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
6a8d8745 | 22 | .\" %%%LICENSE_END |
fea681da MK |
23 | .\" |
24 | .\" This man page written 950814 by aeb, based on Paul Gortmaker's HOWTO | |
25 | .\" (dated v1.0.1, 15/08/95). | |
26 | .\" Major update, aeb, 970114. | |
8062a091 MK |
27 | .\" FIXME ? The use of quotes on this page is inconsistent with the |
28 | .\" rest of man-pages. | |
fea681da | 29 | .\" |
a7fd59c6 | 30 | .TH BOOTPARAM 7 2013-08-01 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" |
fea681da | 31 | .SH NAME |
f68512e9 | 32 | bootparam \- introduction to boot time parameters of the Linux kernel |
fea681da | 33 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
76c44d83 | 34 | The Linux kernel accepts certain 'command-line options' or 'boot time |
c13182ef MK |
35 | parameters' at the moment it is started. |
36 | In general this is used to | |
fea681da MK |
37 | supply the kernel with information about hardware parameters that |
38 | the kernel would not be able to determine on its own, or to avoid/override | |
39 | the values that the kernel would otherwise detect. | |
40 | ||
41 | When the kernel is booted directly by the BIOS (say from a floppy to | |
40dedbfe | 42 | which you copied a kernel using 'cp zImage /dev/fd0'), |
fea681da MK |
43 | you have no opportunity to specify any parameters. |
44 | So, in order to take advantage of this possibility you have to | |
122a101a | 45 | use a boot loader that is able to pass parameters, such as GRUB. |
fea681da | 46 | |
18299dfc MK |
47 | .\" The LILO program (LInux LOader) written by Werner Almesberger is the |
48 | .\" most commonly used. | |
49 | .\" It has the ability to boot various kernels, and | |
50 | .\" stores the configuration information in a plain text file. | |
51 | .\" (See | |
52 | .\" .BR lilo (8) | |
53 | .\" and | |
54 | .\" .BR lilo.conf (5).) | |
55 | .\" LILO can boot DOS, OS/2, Linux, FreeBSD, UnixWare, etc., and is quite flexible. | |
51700fd7 | 56 | .\" |
18299dfc MK |
57 | .\" The other commonly used Linux loader is 'LoadLin', which is a DOS |
58 | .\" program that has the capability to launch a Linux kernel from the DOS | |
59 | .\" prompt (with boot-args) assuming that certain resources are available. | |
60 | .\" This is good for people that want to launch Linux from DOS. | |
51700fd7 | 61 | .\" |
18299dfc MK |
62 | .\" It is also very useful if you have certain hardware which relies on |
63 | .\" the supplied DOS driver to put the hardware into a known state. | |
64 | .\" A common example is 'SoundBlaster Compatible' sound cards that require | |
65 | .\" the DOS driver to twiddle a few mystical registers to put the card | |
66 | .\" into a SB compatible mode. | |
67 | .\" Booting DOS with the supplied driver, and | |
68 | .\" then loading Linux from the DOS prompt with loadlin avoids the reset | |
69 | .\" of the card that happens if one rebooted instead. | |
73d8cece | 70 | .SS The argument list |
fea681da | 71 | The kernel command line is parsed into a list of strings |
c13182ef | 72 | (boot arguments) separated by spaces. |
77bda21c MK |
73 | Most of the boot arguments take have the form: |
74 | ||
75 | .in +4n | |
76 | .nf | |
fea681da | 77 | name[=value_1][,value_2]...[,value_10] |
77bda21c MK |
78 | .fi |
79 | .in | |
fea681da | 80 | .LP |
40dedbfe | 81 | where 'name' is a unique keyword that is used to identify what part of |
fea681da | 82 | the kernel the associated values (if any) are to be given to. |
33a0ccb2 | 83 | Note the limit of 10 is real, as the present code handles only 10 comma |
c13182ef | 84 | separated parameters per keyword. |
3b777aff | 85 | (However, you can reuse the same |
fea681da MK |
86 | keyword with up to an additional 10 parameters in unusually |
87 | complicated situations, assuming the setup function supports it.) | |
88 | ||
e57fca5a MK |
89 | Most of the sorting is coded in the kernel source file |
90 | .IR init/main.c . | |
c13182ef | 91 | First, the kernel |
40dedbfe | 92 | checks to see if the argument is any of the special arguments 'root=', |
25715c96 | 93 | \&'nfsroot=', 'nfsaddrs=', 'ro', 'rw', 'debug' or 'init'. |
c13182ef | 94 | The meaning of these special arguments is described below. |
fea681da MK |
95 | |
96 | Then it walks a list of setup functions (contained in the bootsetups | |
40dedbfe MK |
97 | array) to see if the specified argument string (such as 'foo') has |
98 | been associated with a setup function ('foo_setup()') for a particular | |
c13182ef MK |
99 | device or part of the kernel. |
100 | If you passed the kernel the line | |
fea681da | 101 | foo=3,4,5,6 then the kernel would search the bootsetups array to see |
40dedbfe | 102 | if 'foo' was registered. |
c13182ef | 103 | If it was, then it would call the setup |
40dedbfe | 104 | function associated with 'foo' (foo_setup()) and hand it the arguments |
31df5734 | 105 | 3, 4, 5, and 6 as given on the kernel command line. |
fea681da | 106 | |
40dedbfe | 107 | Anything of the form 'foo=bar' that is not accepted as a setup function |
fea681da | 108 | as described above is then interpreted as an environment variable to |
c13182ef | 109 | be set. |
40dedbfe | 110 | A (useless?) example would be to use 'TERM=vt100' as a boot |
fea681da MK |
111 | argument. |
112 | ||
113 | Any remaining arguments that were not picked up by the kernel and were | |
114 | not interpreted as environment variables are then passed onto process | |
1aedd258 MK |
115 | one, which is usually the |
116 | .BR init (1) | |
117 | program. | |
c13182ef | 118 | The most common argument that |
1aedd258 MK |
119 | is passed to the |
120 | .I init | |
121 | process is the word 'single' which instructs it | |
fea681da | 122 | to boot the computer in single user mode, and not launch all the usual |
c13182ef | 123 | daemons. |
1aedd258 MK |
124 | Check the manual page for the version of |
125 | .BR init (1) | |
126 | installed on | |
fea681da | 127 | your system to see what arguments it accepts. |
76c637e1 | 128 | .SS General non-device-specific boot arguments |
bebbbd1f | 129 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 130 | .B "'init=...'" |
fea681da MK |
131 | This sets the initial command to be executed by the kernel. |
132 | If this is not set, or cannot be found, the kernel will try | |
5ce89119 MK |
133 | .IR /sbin/init , |
134 | then | |
fea681da MK |
135 | .IR /etc/init , |
136 | then | |
137 | .IR /bin/init , | |
138 | then | |
0daa9e92 | 139 | .I /bin/sh |
fea681da | 140 | and panic if all of this fails. |
bebbbd1f | 141 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 142 | .B "'nfsaddrs=...'" |
fea681da MK |
143 | This sets the nfs boot address to the given string. |
144 | This boot address is used in case of a net boot. | |
bebbbd1f | 145 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 146 | .B "'nfsroot=...'" |
c13182ef MK |
147 | This sets the nfs root name to the given string. |
148 | If this string | |
fea681da | 149 | does not begin with '/' or ',' or a digit, then it is prefixed by |
25715c96 | 150 | \&'/tftpboot/'. |
c13182ef | 151 | This root name is used in case of a net boot. |
bebbbd1f | 152 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
153 | .B "'no387'" |
154 | (Only when | |
155 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
156 | is defined.) | |
fea681da | 157 | Some i387 coprocessor chips have bugs that show up when used in 32 bit |
c13182ef MK |
158 | protected mode. |
159 | For example, some of the early ULSI-387 chips would | |
c45bd688 | 160 | cause solid lockups while performing floating-point calculations. |
77bda21c | 161 | Using the 'no387' boot argument causes Linux to ignore the maths |
c13182ef MK |
162 | coprocessor even if you have one. |
163 | Of course you must then have your | |
fea681da | 164 | kernel compiled with math emulation support! |
bebbbd1f | 165 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
166 | .B "'no-hlt'" |
167 | (Only when | |
168 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
169 | is defined.) | |
170 | Some of the early i486DX-100 chips have a problem with the 'hlt' | |
fea681da | 171 | instruction, in that they can't reliably return to operating mode |
c13182ef | 172 | after this instruction is used. |
40dedbfe | 173 | Using the 'no-hlt' instruction tells |
fea681da | 174 | Linux to just run an infinite loop when there is nothing else to do, |
c13182ef MK |
175 | and to not halt the CPU. |
176 | This allows people with these broken chips | |
fea681da | 177 | to use Linux. |
bebbbd1f | 178 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 179 | .B "'root=...'" |
fea681da | 180 | This argument tells the kernel what device is to be used as the root |
9ee4a2b6 | 181 | filesystem while booting. |
c13182ef | 182 | The default of this setting is determined |
fea681da | 183 | at compile time, and usually is the value of the root device of the |
c13182ef MK |
184 | system that the kernel was built on. |
185 | To override this value, and | |
fea681da | 186 | select the second floppy drive as the root device, one would |
6387216b | 187 | use 'root=/dev/fd1'. |
fea681da MK |
188 | |
189 | The root device can be specified symbolically or numerically. | |
e57fca5a | 190 | A symbolic specification has the form |
21e79503 | 191 | .IR /dev/XXYN , |
e57fca5a | 192 | where XX designates |
40dedbfe | 193 | the device type ('hd' for ST-506 compatible hard disk, with Y in |
25715c96 MK |
194 | \&'a'-'d'; 'sd' for SCSI compatible disk, with Y in 'a'-'e'; |
195 | \&'ad' for Atari ACSI disk, with Y in 'a'-'e', | |
196 | \&'ez' for a Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive, with Y='a', | |
197 | \&'xd' for XT compatible disk, with Y either 'a' or 'b'; 'fd' for | |
5503c85e | 198 | floppy disk, with Y the floppy drive number\(emfd0 would be |
40dedbfe | 199 | the DOS 'A:' drive, and fd1 would be 'B:'), Y the driver letter or |
fea681da | 200 | number, and N the number (in decimal) of the partition on this device |
c13182ef MK |
201 | (absent in the case of floppies). |
202 | Recent kernels allow many other | |
fea681da MK |
203 | types, mostly for CD-ROMs: nfs, ram, scd, mcd, cdu535, aztcd, cm206cd, |
204 | gscd, sbpcd, sonycd, bpcd. | |
205 | (The type nfs specifies a net boot; ram refers to a ram disk.) | |
206 | ||
207 | Note that this has nothing to do with the designation of these | |
9ee4a2b6 | 208 | devices on your filesystem. |
40dedbfe | 209 | The '/dev/' part is purely conventional. |
fea681da MK |
210 | |
211 | The more awkward and less portable numeric specification of the above | |
c13182ef | 212 | possible root devices in major/minor format is also accepted. |
59dc509c | 213 | (For example, |
e57fca5a MK |
214 | .I /dev/sda3 |
215 | is major 8, minor 3, so you could use 'root=0x803' as an | |
fea681da | 216 | alternative.) |
bebbbd1f | 217 | .TP |
1c137827 PG |
218 | .BR "'rootdelay='" |
219 | The 'rootdelay' option sets delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting | |
220 | to mount the root filesystem. | |
221 | .TP | |
222 | .BR "'rootflags=...'" | |
223 | With the 'rootflags' argument, root filesystem mount option string can | |
224 | be set (see also | |
225 | .BR fstab (5)). | |
226 | .TP | |
6c8adf48 JLDL |
227 | .BR "'rootfstype=...'" |
228 | The 'rootfstype' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem as | |
229 | if it where of the type specified. | |
230 | This can be useful (for example) to | |
231 | mount an ext3 filesystem as ext2 and then remove the journal in the root | |
232 | filesystem, in fact reverting its format from ext3 to ext2 without the | |
233 | need to boot the box from alternate media. | |
234 | .TP | |
40dedbfe | 235 | .BR 'ro' " and " 'rw' |
9ee4a2b6 MK |
236 | The 'ro' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem |
237 | as 'read-only' so that filesystem consistency check programs (fsck) | |
238 | can do their work on a quiescent filesystem. | |
c13182ef | 239 | No processes can |
9ee4a2b6 | 240 | write to files on the filesystem in question until it is 'remounted' |
40dedbfe | 241 | as read/write capable, for example, by 'mount \-w \-n \-o remount /'. |
fea681da MK |
242 | (See also |
243 | .BR mount (8).) | |
244 | ||
9ee4a2b6 | 245 | The 'rw' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem read/write. |
fea681da MK |
246 | This is the default. |
247 | ||
bebbbd1f | 248 | .TP |
d11f367d AR |
249 | .B "'resume=...'" |
250 | This tells the kernel the location of the suspend-to-disk data that you want the machine to resume from after hibernation. | |
251 | Usually, it is the same as your swap partition or file. Example: | |
77bda21c MK |
252 | |
253 | .in +4n | |
254 | .nf | |
255 | resume=/dev/hda2 | |
256 | .fi | |
257 | .in | |
d11f367d | 258 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 259 | .B "'reserve=...'" |
c13182ef MK |
260 | This is used to protect I/O port regions from probes. |
261 | The form of the command is: | |
77bda21c MK |
262 | |
263 | .in +4n | |
264 | .nf | |
fea681da | 265 | .BI reserve= iobase,extent[,iobase,extent]... |
77bda21c MK |
266 | .fi |
267 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 268 | .sp |
fea681da | 269 | In some machines it may be necessary to prevent device drivers from |
c13182ef MK |
270 | checking for devices (auto-probing) in a specific region. |
271 | This may be | |
fea681da MK |
272 | because of hardware that reacts badly to the probing, or hardware |
273 | that would be mistakenly identified, or merely | |
274 | hardware you don't want the kernel to initialize. | |
275 | ||
276 | The reserve boot-time argument specifies an I/O port region that | |
c13182ef MK |
277 | shouldn't be probed. |
278 | A device driver will not probe a reserved region, | |
fea681da MK |
279 | unless another boot argument explicitly specifies that it do so. |
280 | ||
281 | For example, the boot line | |
77bda21c MK |
282 | |
283 | .in +4n | |
284 | .nf | |
fea681da | 285 | reserve=0x300,32 blah=0x300 |
77bda21c MK |
286 | .fi |
287 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 288 | .IP |
40dedbfe | 289 | keeps all device drivers except the driver for 'blah' from probing |
94e9d9fe | 290 | 0x300\-0x31f. |
bebbbd1f | 291 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 292 | .B "'mem=...'" |
fea681da | 293 | The BIOS call defined in the PC specification that returns |
33a0ccb2 | 294 | the amount of installed memory was designed only to be able |
c13182ef MK |
295 | to report up to 64MB. |
296 | Linux uses this BIOS call at boot to | |
297 | determine how much memory is installed. | |
298 | If you have more than 64MB of | |
77bda21c | 299 | RAM installed, you can use this boot argument to tell Linux how much memory |
c13182ef MK |
300 | you have. |
301 | The value is in decimal or hexadecimal (prefix 0x), | |
40dedbfe MK |
302 | and the suffixes 'k' (times 1024) or 'M' (times 1048576) can be used. |
303 | Here is a quote from Linus on usage of the 'mem=' parameter. | |
fea681da | 304 | |
324633ae | 305 | .in +0.5i |
40dedbfe | 306 | The kernel will accept any 'mem=xx' parameter you give it, and if it |
fea681da MK |
307 | turns out that you lied to it, it will crash horribly sooner or later. |
308 | The parameter indicates the highest addressable RAM address, so | |
40dedbfe MK |
309 | \&'mem=0x1000000' means you have 16MB of memory, for example. |
310 | For a 96MB machine this would be 'mem=0x6000000'. | |
fea681da | 311 | |
192e4f2e MK |
312 | .BR NOTE : |
313 | some machines might use the top of memory for BIOS | |
4f9d18f8 | 314 | caching or whatever, so you might not actually have up to the full |
c13182ef MK |
315 | 96MB addressable. |
316 | The reverse is also true: some chipsets will map | |
fea681da MK |
317 | the physical memory that is covered by the BIOS area into the area |
318 | just past the top of memory, so the top-of-mem might actually be 96MB | |
c13182ef MK |
319 | + 384kB for example. |
320 | If you tell linux that it has more memory than | |
fea681da | 321 | it actually does have, bad things will happen: maybe not at once, but |
324633ae MK |
322 | surely eventually. |
323 | .in | |
fea681da | 324 | |
40dedbfe | 325 | You can also use the boot argument 'mem=nopentium' to turn off 4 MB |
eb1af896 | 326 | page tables on kernels configured for IA32 systems with a pentium or newer |
441082ad | 327 | CPU. |
bebbbd1f | 328 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 329 | .B "'panic=N'" |
fea681da | 330 | By default the kernel will not reboot after a panic, but this option |
f7ceac86 | 331 | will cause a kernel reboot after N seconds (if N is greater than zero). |
77bda21c MK |
332 | This panic timeout can also be set by |
333 | ||
334 | .in +4n | |
335 | .nf | |
1322e836 | 336 | echo N > /proc/sys/kernel/panic |
77bda21c MK |
337 | .fi |
338 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 339 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
340 | .B "'reboot=[warm|cold][,[bios|hard]]'" |
341 | (Only when | |
342 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
343 | is defined.) | |
fea681da | 344 | Since 2.0.22 a reboot is by default a cold reboot. |
40dedbfe | 345 | One asks for the old default with 'reboot=warm'. |
fea681da MK |
346 | (A cold reboot may be required to reset certain hardware, |
347 | but might destroy not yet written data in a disk cache. | |
348 | A warm reboot may be faster.) | |
349 | By default a reboot is hard, by asking the keyboard controller | |
350 | to pulse the reset line low, but there is at least one type | |
c13182ef | 351 | of motherboard where that doesn't work. |
40dedbfe | 352 | The option 'reboot=bios' will |
fea681da | 353 | instead jump through the BIOS. |
bebbbd1f | 354 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 355 | .BR 'nosmp' " and " 'maxcpus=N' |
fea681da | 356 | (Only when __SMP__ is defined.) |
40dedbfe MK |
357 | A command-line option of 'nosmp' or 'maxcpus=0' will disable SMP |
358 | activation entirely; an option 'maxcpus=N' limits the maximum number | |
fea681da | 359 | of CPUs activated in SMP mode to N. |
73d8cece | 360 | .SS Boot arguments for use by kernel developers |
bebbbd1f | 361 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 362 | .B "'debug'" |
fea681da | 363 | Kernel messages are handed off to the kernel log daemon klogd so that they |
c13182ef MK |
364 | may be logged to disk. |
365 | Messages with a priority above | |
fea681da | 366 | .I console_loglevel |
c13182ef | 367 | are also printed on the console. |
e57fca5a MK |
368 | (For these levels, see |
369 | .IR <linux/kernel.h> .) | |
fea681da | 370 | By default this variable is set to log anything more important than |
c13182ef MK |
371 | debug messages. |
372 | This boot argument will cause the kernel to also | |
fea681da MK |
373 | print the messages of DEBUG priority. |
374 | The console loglevel can also be set at run time via an option | |
c13182ef MK |
375 | to klogd. |
376 | See | |
fea681da | 377 | .BR klogd (8). |
bebbbd1f | 378 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 379 | .B "'profile=N'" |
fea681da MK |
380 | It is possible to enable a kernel profiling function, |
381 | if one wishes to find out where the kernel is spending its CPU cycles. | |
382 | Profiling is enabled by setting the variable | |
383 | .I prof_shift | |
c7094399 | 384 | to a nonzero value. |
40dedbfe MK |
385 | This is done either by specifying |
386 | .B CONFIG_PROFILE | |
387 | at compile time, or by giving the 'profile=' option. | |
fea681da MK |
388 | Now the value that |
389 | .I prof_shift | |
40dedbfe MK |
390 | gets will be N, when given, or |
391 | .BR CONFIG_PROFILE_SHIFT , | |
392 | when that is given, or 2, the default. | |
c13182ef | 393 | The significance of this variable is that it |
fea681da MK |
394 | gives the granularity of the profiling: each clock tick, if the |
395 | system was executing kernel code, a counter is incremented: | |
77bda21c MK |
396 | |
397 | .in +4n | |
398 | .nf | |
fea681da | 399 | profile[address >> prof_shift]++; |
77bda21c MK |
400 | .fi |
401 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 402 | .sp |
fea681da MK |
403 | The raw profiling information can be read from |
404 | .IR /proc/profile . | |
405 | Probably you'll want to use a tool such as readprofile.c to digest it. | |
406 | Writing to | |
407 | .I /proc/profile | |
408 | will clear the counters. | |
bebbbd1f | 409 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 410 | .B "'swap=N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6,N7,N8'" |
fea681da MK |
411 | Set the eight parameters max_page_age, page_advance, page_decline, |
412 | page_initial_age, age_cluster_fract, age_cluster_min, pageout_weight, | |
413 | bufferout_weight that control the kernel swap algorithm. | |
414 | For kernel tuners only. | |
bebbbd1f | 415 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 416 | .B "'buff=N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6'" |
fea681da MK |
417 | Set the six parameters max_buff_age, buff_advance, buff_decline, |
418 | buff_initial_age, bufferout_weight, buffermem_grace that control | |
c13182ef MK |
419 | kernel buffer memory management. |
420 | For kernel tuners only. | |
73d8cece | 421 | .SS Boot arguments for ramdisk use |
40dedbfe MK |
422 | (Only if the kernel was compiled with |
423 | .BR CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM .) | |
5503c85e MK |
424 | In general it is a bad idea to use a ramdisk under Linux\(emthe |
425 | system will use available memory more efficiently itself. | |
fea681da MK |
426 | But while booting (or while constructing boot floppies) |
427 | it is often useful to load the floppy contents into a | |
c13182ef MK |
428 | ramdisk. |
429 | One might also have a system in which first | |
9ee4a2b6 | 430 | some modules (for filesystem or hardware) must be loaded |
fea681da MK |
431 | before the main disk can be accessed. |
432 | ||
433 | In Linux 1.3.48, ramdisk handling was changed drastically. | |
434 | Earlier, the memory was allocated statically, and there was | |
40dedbfe | 435 | a 'ramdisk=N' parameter to tell its size. |
421405f9 | 436 | (This could also be set in the kernel image at compile time.) |
fea681da | 437 | These days ram disks use the buffer cache, and grow dynamically. |
421405f9 | 438 | For a lot of information in conjunction with the new ramdisk |
22367af2 | 439 | setup, see the kernel source file |
51700fd7 | 440 | .IR Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt |
e57fca5a MK |
441 | .RI ( Documentation/ramdisk.txt |
442 | in older kernels). | |
fea681da MK |
443 | |
444 | There are four parameters, two boolean and two integral. | |
bebbbd1f | 445 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 446 | .B "'load_ramdisk=N'" |
c13182ef MK |
447 | If N=1, do load a ramdisk. |
448 | If N=0, do not load a ramdisk. | |
fea681da | 449 | (This is the default.) |
bebbbd1f | 450 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 451 | .B "'prompt_ramdisk=N'" |
c13182ef MK |
452 | If N=1, do prompt for insertion of the floppy. |
453 | (This is the default.) | |
454 | If N=0, do not prompt. | |
455 | (Thus, this parameter is never needed.) | |
bebbbd1f | 456 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 457 | .BR 'ramdisk_size=N' " or (obsolete) " 'ramdisk=N' |
c13182ef MK |
458 | Set the maximal size of the ramdisk(s) to N kB. |
459 | The default is 4096 (4 MB). | |
bebbbd1f | 460 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 461 | .B "'ramdisk_start=N'" |
fea681da MK |
462 | Sets the starting block number (the offset on the floppy where |
463 | the ramdisk starts) to N. | |
464 | This is needed in case the ramdisk follows a kernel image. | |
bebbbd1f | 465 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
466 | .B "'noinitrd'" |
467 | (Only if the kernel was compiled with | |
468 | .B CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM | |
469 | and | |
470 | .BR CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD .) | |
fea681da MK |
471 | These days it is possible to compile the kernel to use initrd. |
472 | When this feature is enabled, the boot process will load the kernel | |
473 | and an initial ramdisk; then the kernel converts initrd into | |
474 | a "normal" ramdisk, which is mounted read-write as root device; | |
e57fca5a MK |
475 | then |
476 | .I /linuxrc | |
9ee4a2b6 MK |
477 | is executed; afterward the "real" root filesystem is mounted, |
478 | and the initrd filesystem is moved over to | |
e57fca5a MK |
479 | .IR /initrd ; |
480 | finally | |
481 | the usual boot sequence (e.g., invocation of | |
482 | .IR /sbin/init ) | |
483 | is performed. | |
fea681da | 484 | |
e57fca5a MK |
485 | For a detailed description of the initrd feature, see the kernel source file |
486 | .IR Documentation/initrd.txt . | |
fea681da | 487 | |
40dedbfe | 488 | The 'noinitrd' option tells the kernel that although it was compiled for |
fea681da MK |
489 | operation with initrd, it should not go through the above steps, but |
490 | leave the initrd data under | |
491 | .IR /dev/initrd . | |
4d9b6984 | 492 | (This device can be used only once: the data is freed as soon as |
fea681da MK |
493 | the last process that used it has closed |
494 | .IR /dev/initrd .) | |
73d8cece | 495 | .SS Boot arguments for SCSI devices |
fea681da MK |
496 | General notation for this section: |
497 | ||
498 | .I iobase | |
c13182ef MK |
499 | -- the first I/O port that the SCSI host occupies. |
500 | These are specified in hexadecimal notation, | |
501 | and usually lie in the range from 0x200 to 0x3ff. | |
fea681da MK |
502 | |
503 | .I irq | |
504 | -- the hardware interrupt that the card is configured to use. | |
505 | Valid values will be dependent on the card in question, but will | |
c13182ef MK |
506 | usually be 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 15. |
507 | The other values are usually | |
fea681da | 508 | used for common peripherals like IDE hard disks, floppies, serial |
fb3969cd | 509 | ports, and so on. |
fea681da MK |
510 | |
511 | .I scsi-id | |
512 | -- the ID that the host adapter uses to identify itself on the | |
c13182ef MK |
513 | SCSI bus. |
514 | Only some host adapters allow you to change this value, as | |
515 | most have it permanently specified internally. | |
516 | The usual default value | |
fea681da MK |
517 | is 7, but the Seagate and Future Domain TMC-950 boards use 6. |
518 | ||
519 | .I parity | |
520 | -- whether the SCSI host adapter expects the attached devices | |
c13182ef MK |
521 | to supply a parity value with all information exchanges. |
522 | Specifying a one indicates parity checking is enabled, | |
523 | and a zero disables parity checking. | |
524 | Again, not all adapters will support selection of parity | |
d9bfdb9c | 525 | behavior as a boot argument. |
bebbbd1f | 526 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 527 | .B "'max_scsi_luns=...'" |
310672d6 | 528 | A SCSI device can have a number of 'subdevices' contained within |
c13182ef MK |
529 | itself. |
530 | The most common example is one of the new SCSI CD-ROMs that | |
531 | handle more than one disk at a time. | |
532 | Each CD is addressed as a | |
25715c96 | 533 | \&'Logical Unit Number' (LUN) of that particular device. |
c13182ef | 534 | But most |
fea681da MK |
535 | devices, such as hard disks, tape drives and such are only one device, |
536 | and will be assigned to LUN zero. | |
537 | ||
538 | Some poorly designed SCSI devices cannot handle being probed for | |
c13182ef | 539 | LUNs not equal to zero. |
29aceda4 | 540 | Therefore, if the compile-time flag |
40dedbfe MK |
541 | .B CONFIG_SCSI_MULTI_LUN |
542 | is not set, newer kernels will by default only probe LUN zero. | |
fea681da MK |
543 | |
544 | To specify the number of probed LUNs at boot, one enters | |
25715c96 | 545 | \&'max_scsi_luns=n' as a boot arg, where n is a number between one and |
c13182ef MK |
546 | eight. |
547 | To avoid problems as described above, one would use n=1 to | |
fea681da | 548 | avoid upsetting such broken devices. |
bebbbd1f MK |
549 | .TP |
550 | .B "SCSI tape configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
551 | Some boot time configuration of the SCSI tape driver can be achieved |
552 | by using the following: | |
77bda21c MK |
553 | |
554 | .in +4n | |
555 | .nf | |
fea681da | 556 | .BI st= buf_size[,write_threshold[,max_bufs]] |
77bda21c MK |
557 | .fi |
558 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 559 | .sp |
c13182ef MK |
560 | The first two numbers are specified in units of kB. |
561 | The default | |
fea681da MK |
562 | .I buf_size |
563 | is 32kB, and the maximum size that can be specified is a | |
c13182ef MK |
564 | ridiculous 16384kB. |
565 | The | |
fea681da MK |
566 | .I write_threshold |
567 | is the value at which the buffer is committed to tape, with a | |
c13182ef MK |
568 | default value of 30kB. |
569 | The maximum number of buffers varies | |
fea681da MK |
570 | with the number of drives detected, and has a default of two. |
571 | An example usage would be: | |
77bda21c MK |
572 | |
573 | .in +4n | |
574 | .nf | |
fea681da | 575 | st=32,30,2 |
77bda21c MK |
576 | .fi |
577 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 578 | .IP |
4568d084 MK |
579 | Full details can be found in the file |
580 | .I Documentation/scsi/st.txt | |
581 | (or | |
582 | .I drivers/scsi/README.st | |
66a9882e | 583 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
584 | .TP |
585 | .B "Adaptec aha151x, aha152x, aic6260, aic6360, SB16-SCSI configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
586 | The aha numbers refer to cards and the aic numbers refer to the actual |
587 | SCSI chip on these type of cards, including the Soundblaster-16 SCSI. | |
588 | ||
589 | The probe code for these SCSI hosts looks for an installed BIOS, and | |
c13182ef MK |
590 | if none is present, the probe will not find your card. |
591 | Then you will | |
77bda21c MK |
592 | have to use a boot argument of the form: |
593 | ||
594 | .in +4n | |
595 | .nf | |
fea681da | 596 | .BI aha152x= iobase[,irq[,scsi-id[,reconnect[,parity]]]] |
77bda21c MK |
597 | .fi |
598 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 599 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
600 | If the driver was compiled with debugging enabled, a sixth |
601 | value can be specified to set the debug level. | |
602 | ||
603 | All the parameters are as described at the top of this section, and the | |
604 | .I reconnect | |
c7094399 | 605 | value will allow device disconnect/reconnect if a nonzero value |
c13182ef MK |
606 | is used. |
607 | An example usage is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
608 | |
609 | .in +4n | |
610 | .nf | |
fea681da | 611 | aha152x=0x340,11,7,1 |
77bda21c MK |
612 | .fi |
613 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 614 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
615 | Note that the parameters must be specified in order, meaning that if |
616 | you want to specify a parity setting, then you will have to specify an | |
617 | iobase, irq, scsi-id and reconnect value as well. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
618 | .TP |
619 | .B "Adaptec aha154x configuration" | |
fea681da | 620 | The aha1542 series cards have an i82077 floppy controller onboard, |
c13182ef MK |
621 | while the aha1540 series cards do not. |
622 | These are busmastering cards, | |
324633ae | 623 | and have parameters to set the "fairness" that is used to share |
c13182ef | 624 | the bus with other devices. |
77bda21c MK |
625 | The boot argument looks like the following. |
626 | ||
627 | .in +4n | |
628 | .nf | |
fea681da | 629 | .BI aha1542= iobase[,buson,busoff[,dmaspeed]] |
77bda21c MK |
630 | .fi |
631 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 632 | .IP |
fea681da | 633 | Valid iobase values are usually one of: 0x130, 0x134, 0x230, 0x234, |
c13182ef MK |
634 | 0x330, 0x334. |
635 | Clone cards may permit other values. | |
fea681da MK |
636 | |
637 | The | |
638 | .IR buson ", " busoff | |
639 | values refer to the number of microseconds that the | |
c13182ef MK |
640 | card dominates the ISA bus. |
641 | The defaults are 11us on, and 4us off, so | |
fea681da MK |
642 | that other cards (such as an ISA LANCE Ethernet card) have a chance to |
643 | get access to the ISA bus. | |
644 | ||
645 | The | |
646 | .I dmaspeed | |
647 | value refers to the rate (in MB/s) at which the DMA | |
c13182ef MK |
648 | (Direct Memory Access) transfers proceed. |
649 | The default is 5MB/s. | |
fea681da | 650 | Newer revision cards allow you to select this value as part of the |
c13182ef MK |
651 | soft-configuration, older cards use jumpers. |
652 | You can use values up to | |
fea681da MK |
653 | 10MB/s assuming that your motherboard is capable of handling it. |
654 | Experiment with caution if using values over 5MB/s. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
655 | .TP |
656 | .B "Adaptec aha274x, aha284x, aic7xxx configuration" | |
fea681da | 657 | These boards can accept an argument of the form: |
77bda21c MK |
658 | |
659 | .in +4n | |
660 | .nf | |
fea681da | 661 | .BI aic7xxx= extended,no_reset |
77bda21c MK |
662 | .fi |
663 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 664 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
665 | The |
666 | .I extended | |
c7094399 | 667 | value, if nonzero, indicates that extended translation for large |
c13182ef MK |
668 | disks is enabled. |
669 | The | |
fea681da | 670 | .I no_reset |
c7094399 | 671 | value, if nonzero, tells the driver not to reset the SCSI bus when |
d89be9f3 | 672 | setting up the host adapter at boot. |
bebbbd1f | 673 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 674 | .B "AdvanSys SCSI Hosts configuration ('advansys=')" |
e57fca5a | 675 | The AdvanSys driver can accept up to four I/O addresses that will be |
c13182ef MK |
676 | probed for an AdvanSys SCSI card. |
677 | Note that these values (if used) do | |
678 | not effect EISA or PCI probing in any way. | |
33a0ccb2 | 679 | They are used only for |
c13182ef MK |
680 | probing ISA and VLB cards. |
681 | In addition, if the driver has been | |
fea681da | 682 | compiled with debugging enabled, the level of debugging output can be |
c13182ef MK |
683 | set by adding an 0xdeb[0-f] parameter. |
684 | The 0-f allows setting the | |
fea681da | 685 | level of the debugging messages to any of 16 levels of verbosity. |
bebbbd1f MK |
686 | .TP |
687 | .B "AM53C974" | |
77bda21c MK |
688 | Syntax: |
689 | ||
690 | .in +4n | |
691 | .nf | |
fea681da | 692 | .BI AM53C974= host-scsi-id,target-scsi-id,max-rate,max-offset |
77bda21c MK |
693 | .fi |
694 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 695 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 696 | .B "BusLogic SCSI Hosts configuration ('BusLogic=')" |
77bda21c MK |
697 | |
698 | Syntax: | |
699 | .in +4n | |
700 | .nf | |
fea681da | 701 | .BI BusLogic= N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,S1,S2,... |
77bda21c MK |
702 | .fi |
703 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 704 | .IP |
fea681da | 705 | For an extensive discussion of the BusLogic command line parameters, |
e57fca5a MK |
706 | see the kernel source file |
707 | .IR drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c . | |
708 | .\" (lines 3149-3270 in the kernel version I am looking at). | |
c13182ef | 709 | The text |
fea681da MK |
710 | below is a very much abbreviated extract. |
711 | ||
c13182ef MK |
712 | The parameters N1-N5 are integers. |
713 | The parameters S1,... are strings. | |
fea681da MK |
714 | N1 is the I/O Address at which the Host Adapter is located. |
715 | N2 is the Tagged Queue Depth to use for Target Devices that support | |
716 | Tagged Queuing. | |
c13182ef MK |
717 | N3 is the Bus Settle Time in seconds. |
718 | This is the amount of time | |
fea681da MK |
719 | to wait between a Host Adapter Hard Reset which |
720 | initiates a SCSI Bus Reset and issuing any SCSI Commands. | |
721 | N4 is the Local Options (for one Host Adapter). | |
722 | N5 is the Global Options (for all Host Adapters). | |
723 | ||
724 | The string options are used to provide control over Tagged Queuing | |
725 | (TQ:Default, TQ:Enable, TQ:Disable, TQ:<Per-Target-Spec>), over | |
726 | Error Recovery (ER:Default, ER:HardReset, ER:BusDeviceReset, | |
727 | ER:None, ER:<Per-Target-Spec>), and over Host Adapter Probing | |
728 | (NoProbe, NoProbeISA, NoSortPCI). | |
bebbbd1f MK |
729 | .TP |
730 | .B "EATA/DMA configuration" | |
e57fca5a | 731 | The default list of I/O ports to be probed can be changed by |
77bda21c MK |
732 | |
733 | .in +4n | |
734 | .nf | |
aeb9b6a6 | 735 | .BI eata= iobase,iobase,... . |
77bda21c MK |
736 | .fi |
737 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
738 | .TP |
739 | .B "Future Domain TMC-16x0 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
740 | Syntax: |
741 | ||
742 | .in +4n | |
743 | .nf | |
fea681da | 744 | .BI fdomain= iobase,irq[,adapter_id] |
77bda21c MK |
745 | .fi |
746 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
747 | .TP |
748 | .B "Great Valley Products (GVP) SCSI controller configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
749 | Syntax: |
750 | ||
751 | .in +4n | |
752 | .nf | |
fea681da | 753 | .BI gvp11= dma_transfer_bitmask |
77bda21c MK |
754 | .fi |
755 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
756 | .TP |
757 | .B "Future Domain TMC-8xx, TMC-950 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
758 | Syntax: |
759 | ||
760 | .in +4n | |
761 | .nf | |
fea681da | 762 | .BI tmc8xx= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
763 | .fi |
764 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 765 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
766 | The |
767 | .I mem_base | |
9a141bfb | 768 | value is the value of the memory-mapped I/O region that |
c13182ef MK |
769 | the card uses. |
770 | This will usually be one of the following values: | |
fea681da | 771 | 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000, 0xde000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
772 | .TP |
773 | .B "IN2000 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
774 | Syntax: |
775 | ||
776 | .in +4n | |
777 | .nf | |
fea681da | 778 | .BI in2000= S |
77bda21c MK |
779 | .fi |
780 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 781 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
782 | where S is a comma-separated string of items keyword[:value]. |
783 | Recognized keywords (possibly with value) are: | |
784 | ioport:addr, noreset, nosync:x, period:ns, disconnect:x, | |
c13182ef | 785 | debug:x, proc:x. |
e57fca5a MK |
786 | For the function of these parameters, see the kernel source file |
787 | .IR drivers/scsi/in2000.c . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
788 | .TP |
789 | .B "NCR5380 and NCR53C400 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
790 | The boot argument is of the form |
791 | ||
792 | .in +4n | |
793 | .nf | |
fea681da | 794 | .BI ncr5380= iobase,irq,dma |
77bda21c MK |
795 | .fi |
796 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 797 | .IP |
fea681da | 798 | or |
77bda21c MK |
799 | |
800 | .in +4n | |
801 | .nf | |
fea681da | 802 | .BI ncr53c400= iobase,irq |
77bda21c MK |
803 | .fi |
804 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 805 | .IP |
fea681da | 806 | If the card doesn't use interrupts, then an IRQ value of 255 (0xff) will |
c13182ef MK |
807 | disable interrupts. |
808 | An IRQ value of 254 means to autoprobe. | |
4568d084 MK |
809 | More details can be found in the file |
810 | .I Documentation/scsi/g_NCR5380.txt | |
811 | (or | |
812 | .I drivers/scsi/README.g_NCR5380 | |
66a9882e | 813 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
814 | .TP |
815 | .B "NCR53C8xx configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
816 | Syntax: |
817 | ||
818 | .in +4n | |
819 | .nf | |
fea681da | 820 | .BI ncr53c8xx= S |
77bda21c MK |
821 | .fi |
822 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 823 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
824 | where S is a comma-separated string of items keyword:value. |
825 | Recognized keywords are: mpar (master_parity), spar (scsi_parity), | |
826 | disc (disconnection), specf (special_features), ultra (ultra_scsi), | |
827 | fsn (force_sync_nego), tags (default_tags), sync (default_sync), | |
828 | verb (verbose), debug (debug), burst (burst_max). | |
e57fca5a MK |
829 | For the function of the assigned values, see the kernel source file |
830 | .IR drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
831 | .TP |
832 | .B "NCR53c406a configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
833 | Syntax: |
834 | ||
835 | .in +4n | |
836 | .nf | |
fea681da | 837 | .BI ncr53c406a= iobase[,irq[,fastpio]] |
77bda21c MK |
838 | .fi |
839 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 840 | .IP |
24b74457 | 841 | Specify irq = 0 for noninterrupt driven mode. |
fea681da | 842 | Set fastpio = 1 for fast pio mode, 0 for slow mode. |
bebbbd1f MK |
843 | .TP |
844 | .B "Pro Audio Spectrum configuration" | |
fea681da | 845 | The PAS16 uses a NC5380 SCSI chip, and newer models support |
c13182ef | 846 | jumperless configuration. |
77bda21c MK |
847 | The boot argument is of the form: |
848 | ||
849 | .in +4n | |
850 | .nf | |
fea681da | 851 | .BI pas16= iobase,irq |
77bda21c MK |
852 | .fi |
853 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 854 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
855 | The only difference is that you can specify an IRQ value of 255, which |
856 | will tell the driver to work without using interrupts, albeit at a | |
c13182ef MK |
857 | performance loss. |
858 | The iobase is usually 0x388. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
859 | .TP |
860 | .B "Seagate ST-0x configuration" | |
fea681da | 861 | If your card is not detected at boot time, |
77bda21c MK |
862 | you will then have to use a boot argument of the form: |
863 | ||
864 | .in +4n | |
865 | .nf | |
fea681da | 866 | .BI st0x= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
867 | .fi |
868 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 869 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
870 | The |
871 | .I mem_base | |
9a141bfb | 872 | value is the value of the memory-mapped I/O region that |
c13182ef MK |
873 | the card uses. |
874 | This will usually be one of the following values: | |
fea681da | 875 | 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000, 0xde000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
876 | .TP |
877 | .B "Trantor T128 configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
878 | These cards are also based on the NCR5380 chip, and accept the |
879 | following options: | |
77bda21c MK |
880 | |
881 | .in +4n | |
882 | .nf | |
fea681da | 883 | .BI t128= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
884 | .fi |
885 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 886 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
887 | The valid values for |
888 | .I mem_base | |
889 | are as follows: 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000, 0xd8000. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
890 | .TP |
891 | .B "UltraStor 14F/34F configuration" | |
e57fca5a | 892 | The default list of I/O ports to be probed can be changed by |
77bda21c MK |
893 | |
894 | .in +4n | |
895 | .nf | |
fea681da | 896 | .BI eata= iobase,iobase,... . |
77bda21c MK |
897 | .fi |
898 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
899 | .TP |
900 | .B "WD7000 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
901 | Syntax: |
902 | ||
903 | .in +4n | |
904 | .nf | |
fea681da | 905 | .BI wd7000= irq,dma,iobase |
77bda21c MK |
906 | .fi |
907 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
908 | .TP |
909 | .B "Commodore Amiga A2091/590 SCSI controller configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
910 | Syntax: |
911 | ||
912 | .in +4n | |
913 | .nf | |
fea681da | 914 | .BI wd33c93= S |
77bda21c MK |
915 | .fi |
916 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 917 | .IP |
c13182ef MK |
918 | where S is a comma-separated string of options. |
919 | Recognized options are | |
fea681da | 920 | nosync:bitmask, nodma:x, period:ns, disconnect:x, debug:x, |
c13182ef | 921 | clock:x, next. |
e57fca5a MK |
922 | For details, see the kernel source file |
923 | .IR drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c . | |
73d8cece | 924 | .SS Hard disks |
bebbbd1f MK |
925 | .TP |
926 | .B "IDE Disk/CD-ROM Driver Parameters" | |
fea681da | 927 | The IDE driver accepts a number of parameters, which range from disk |
c13182ef | 928 | geometry specifications, to support for broken controller chips. |
e2badfdf | 929 | Drive-specific options are specified by using 'hdX=' with X in 'a'-'h'. |
fea681da | 930 | |
e2badfdf MK |
931 | Non-drive-specific options are specified with the prefix 'hd='. |
932 | Note that using a drive-specific prefix for a non-drive-specific option | |
fea681da MK |
933 | will still work, and the option will just be applied as expected. |
934 | ||
40dedbfe | 935 | Also note that 'hd=' can be used to refer to the next unspecified |
c13182ef MK |
936 | drive in the (a, ..., h) sequence. |
937 | For the following discussions, | |
40dedbfe | 938 | the 'hd=' option will be cited for brevity. |
c13182ef | 939 | See the file |
4568d084 MK |
940 | .I Documentation/ide.txt |
941 | (or | |
942 | .I drivers/block/README.ide | |
66a9882e | 943 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source for more details. |
bebbbd1f | 944 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 945 | .B "The 'hd=cyls,heads,sects[,wpcom[,irq]]' options" |
fea681da | 946 | These options are used to specify the physical geometry of the disk. |
c13182ef MK |
947 | Only the first three values are required. |
948 | The cylinder/head/sectors | |
949 | values will be those used by fdisk. | |
950 | The write precompensation value | |
951 | is ignored for IDE disks. | |
952 | The IRQ value specified will be the IRQ | |
fea681da | 953 | used for the interface that the drive resides on, and is not really a |
e2badfdf | 954 | drive-specific parameter. |
bebbbd1f | 955 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 956 | .B "The 'hd=serialize' option" |
fea681da MK |
957 | The dual IDE interface CMD-640 chip is broken as designed such that |
958 | when drives on the secondary interface are used at the same time as | |
c13182ef MK |
959 | drives on the primary interface, it will corrupt your data. |
960 | Using this | |
fea681da MK |
961 | option tells the driver to make sure that both interfaces are never |
962 | used at the same time. | |
bebbbd1f | 963 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 964 | .B "The 'hd=dtc2278' option" |
fea681da | 965 | This option tells the driver that you have a DTC-2278D IDE interface. |
e2badfdf | 966 | The driver then tries to do DTC-specific operations to enable the |
fea681da | 967 | second interface and to enable faster transfer modes. |
bebbbd1f | 968 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 969 | .B "The 'hd=noprobe' option" |
c13182ef MK |
970 | Do not probe for this drive. |
971 | For example, | |
77bda21c MK |
972 | |
973 | .in +4n | |
974 | .nf | |
fea681da | 975 | hdb=noprobe hdb=1166,7,17 |
77bda21c MK |
976 | .fi |
977 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 978 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
979 | would disable the probe, but still specify the drive geometry so |
980 | that it would be registered as a valid block device, and hence | |
981 | usable. | |
bebbbd1f | 982 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
983 | .B "The 'hd=nowerr' option" |
984 | Some drives apparently have the | |
985 | .B WRERR_STAT | |
986 | bit stuck on permanently. | |
fea681da | 987 | This enables a work-around for these broken devices. |
bebbbd1f | 988 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 989 | .B "The 'hd=cdrom' option" |
fea681da | 990 | This tells the IDE driver that there is an ATAPI compatible CD-ROM |
c13182ef MK |
991 | attached in place of a normal IDE hard disk. |
992 | In most cases the CD-ROM | |
fea681da | 993 | is identified automatically, but if it isn't then this may help. |
bebbbd1f | 994 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 995 | .B "Standard ST-506 Disk Driver Options ('hd=')" |
fea681da | 996 | The standard disk driver can accept geometry arguments for the disks |
c13182ef | 997 | similar to the IDE driver. |
33a0ccb2 | 998 | Note however that it expects only three |
c13182ef | 999 | values (C/H/S); any more or any less and it will silently ignore you. |
33a0ccb2 | 1000 | Also, it accepts only 'hd=' as an argument, that is, 'hda=' |
c13182ef MK |
1001 | and so on are not valid here. |
1002 | The format is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
1003 | |
1004 | .in +4n | |
1005 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1006 | hd=cyls,heads,sects |
77bda21c MK |
1007 | .fi |
1008 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1009 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1010 | If there are two disks installed, the above is repeated with the |
1011 | geometry parameters of the second disk. | |
bebbbd1f | 1012 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1013 | .B "XT Disk Driver Options ('xd=')" |
1be0d829 MK |
1014 | If you are unfortunate enough to be using one of these old 8-bit cards |
1015 | that move data at a whopping 125kB/s, then here is the scoop. | |
77bda21c MK |
1016 | If the card is not recognized, |
1017 | you will have to use a boot argument of the form: | |
1018 | ||
1019 | .in +4n | |
1020 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1021 | xd=type,irq,iobase,dma_chan |
77bda21c MK |
1022 | .fi |
1023 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1024 | .IP |
fea681da | 1025 | The type value specifies the particular manufacturer of the card, |
c13182ef MK |
1026 | overriding autodetection. |
1027 | For the types to use, consult the | |
fea681da | 1028 | .I drivers/block/xd.c |
c13182ef MK |
1029 | source file of the kernel you are using. |
1030 | The type is an index in the list | |
fea681da MK |
1031 | .I xd_sigs |
1032 | and in the course of time | |
1033 | .\" 1.1.50, 1.3.81, 1.3.99, 2.0.34, 2.1.67, 2.1.78, 2.1.127 | |
1034 | types have been added to or deleted from the middle of the list, | |
c13182ef MK |
1035 | changing all type numbers. |
1036 | Today (Linux 2.5.0) the types are | |
fea681da MK |
1037 | 0=generic; 1=DTC 5150cx; 2,3=DTC 5150x; 4,5=Western Digital; |
1038 | 6,7,8=Seagate; 9=Omti; 10=XEBEC, and where here several types are | |
1039 | given with the same designation, they are equivalent. | |
1040 | ||
1041 | The xd_setup() function does no checking on the values, and assumes | |
c13182ef MK |
1042 | that you entered all four values. |
1043 | Don't disappoint it. | |
1044 | Here is an | |
fea681da | 1045 | example usage for a WD1002 controller with the BIOS disabled/removed, |
40dedbfe | 1046 | using the 'default' XT controller parameters: |
77bda21c MK |
1047 | |
1048 | .in +4n | |
1049 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1050 | xd=2,5,0x320,3 |
77bda21c MK |
1051 | .fi |
1052 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1053 | .TP |
1054 | .B "Syquest's EZ* removable disks" | |
77bda21c MK |
1055 | Syntax: |
1056 | ||
1057 | .in +4n | |
1058 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1059 | .BI ez= iobase[,irq[,rep[,nybble]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1060 | .fi |
1061 | .in | |
73d8cece | 1062 | .SS IBM MCA bus devices |
e57fca5a MK |
1063 | See also the kernel source file |
1064 | .IR Documentation/mca.txt . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1065 | .TP |
1066 | .B "PS/2 ESDI hard disks" | |
fea681da | 1067 | It is possible to specify the desired geometry at boot time: |
77bda21c MK |
1068 | |
1069 | .in +4n | |
1070 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1071 | .BI ed= cyls,heads,sectors. |
77bda21c MK |
1072 | .fi |
1073 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1074 | .IP |
fea681da | 1075 | For a ThinkPad-720, add the option |
77bda21c MK |
1076 | |
1077 | .in +4n | |
1078 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1079 | .BR tp720=1 . |
77bda21c MK |
1080 | .fi |
1081 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1082 | .TP |
1083 | .B "IBM Microchannel SCSI Subsystem configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
1084 | Syntax: |
1085 | ||
1086 | .in +4n | |
1087 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1088 | .BI ibmmcascsi= N |
77bda21c MK |
1089 | .fi |
1090 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1091 | .IP |
aeb9b6a6 MK |
1092 | where N is the |
1093 | .I pun | |
1094 | (SCSI ID) of the subsystem. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1095 | .TP |
1096 | .B "The Aztech Interface" | |
fea681da | 1097 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1098 | |
1099 | .in +4n | |
1100 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1101 | aztcd=iobase[,magic_number] |
77bda21c MK |
1102 | .fi |
1103 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1104 | .IP |
f14ae16e | 1105 | If you set the magic_number to 0x79, then the driver will try and run |
c13182ef MK |
1106 | anyway in the event of an unknown firmware version. |
1107 | All other values | |
fea681da | 1108 | are ignored. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1109 | .TP |
1110 | .B "Parallel port CD-ROM drives" | |
fea681da | 1111 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1112 | |
1113 | .in +4n | |
1114 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1115 | pcd.driveN=prt,pro,uni,mod,slv,dly |
fea681da | 1116 | pcd.nice=nice |
77bda21c MK |
1117 | .fi |
1118 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1119 | .IP |
40dedbfe MK |
1120 | where 'port' is the base address, 'pro' is the protocol number, 'uni' |
1121 | is the unit selector (for chained devices), 'mod' is the mode (or \-1 | |
1122 | to choose the best automatically), 'slv' is 1 if it should be a slave, | |
1123 | and 'dly' is a small integer for slowing down port accesses. | |
1124 | The 'nice' parameter controls the driver's use of idle CPU time, at the | |
fea681da | 1125 | expense of some speed. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1126 | .TP |
1127 | .B "The CDU-31A and CDU-33A Sony Interface" | |
fea681da | 1128 | This CD-ROM interface is found on some of the Pro Audio Spectrum sound |
c13182ef MK |
1129 | cards, and other Sony supplied interface cards. |
1130 | The syntax is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
1131 | |
1132 | .in +4n | |
1133 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1134 | cdu31a=iobase,[irq[,is_pas_card]] |
77bda21c MK |
1135 | .fi |
1136 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1137 | .IP |
fea681da | 1138 | Specifying an IRQ value of zero tells the driver that hardware |
c13182ef MK |
1139 | interrupts aren't supported (as on some PAS cards). |
1140 | If your card | |
fea681da MK |
1141 | supports interrupts, you should use them as it cuts down on the CPU |
1142 | usage of the driver. | |
1143 | ||
1144 | The | |
1145 | .I is_pas_card | |
40dedbfe | 1146 | should be entered as 'PAS' if using a Pro Audio Spectrum card, |
fea681da | 1147 | and otherwise it should not be specified at all. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1148 | .TP |
1149 | .B "The CDU-535 Sony Interface" | |
fea681da | 1150 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1151 | |
1152 | .in +4n | |
1153 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1154 | sonycd535=iobase[,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1155 | .fi |
1156 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1157 | .IP |
40dedbfe | 1158 | A zero can be used for the I/O base as a 'placeholder' if one wishes |
fea681da | 1159 | to specify an IRQ value. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1160 | .TP |
1161 | .B "The GoldStar Interface" | |
fea681da | 1162 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1163 | |
1164 | .in +4n | |
1165 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1166 | gscd=iobase |
77bda21c MK |
1167 | .fi |
1168 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1169 | .TP |
1170 | .B "The ISP16 CD-ROM Interface" | |
fea681da | 1171 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1172 | |
1173 | .in +4n | |
1174 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1175 | isp16=[iobase[,irq[,dma[,type]]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1176 | .fi |
1177 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1178 | .IP |
77bda21c | 1179 | (Three integers and a string.) |
40dedbfe | 1180 | If the type is given as 'noisp16', |
c13182ef MK |
1181 | the interface will not be configured. |
1182 | Other recognized types | |
40dedbfe | 1183 | are: 'Sanyo", 'Sony', 'Panasonic' and 'Mitsumi'. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1184 | .TP |
1185 | .B "The Mitsumi Standard Interface" | |
fea681da | 1186 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1187 | |
1188 | .in +4n | |
1189 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1190 | mcd=iobase,[irq[,wait_value]] |
77bda21c MK |
1191 | .fi |
1192 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1193 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1194 | The |
1195 | .I wait_value | |
1196 | is used as an internal timeout value for people who are | |
1197 | having problems with their drive, and may or may not be implemented | |
29aceda4 | 1198 | depending on a compile-time #define. |
fea681da MK |
1199 | The Mitsumi FX400 is an IDE/ATAPI CD-ROM player and does not use |
1200 | the mcd driver. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1201 | .TP |
1202 | .B "The Mitsumi XA/MultiSession Interface" | |
fea681da MK |
1203 | This is for the same hardware as above, but the driver has extended features. |
1204 | Syntax: | |
77bda21c MK |
1205 | |
1206 | .in +4n | |
1207 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1208 | mcdx=iobase[,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1209 | .fi |
1210 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1211 | .TP |
1212 | .B "The Optics Storage Interface" | |
fea681da | 1213 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1214 | |
1215 | .in +4n | |
1216 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1217 | optcd=iobase |
77bda21c MK |
1218 | .fi |
1219 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1220 | .TP |
1221 | .B "The Phillips CM206 Interface" | |
fea681da | 1222 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1223 | |
1224 | .in +4n | |
1225 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1226 | cm206=[iobase][,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1227 | .fi |
1228 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1229 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1230 | The driver assumes numbers between 3 and 11 are IRQ values, and |
1231 | numbers between 0x300 and 0x370 are I/O ports, so you can specify one, | |
c13182ef | 1232 | or both numbers, in any order. |
40dedbfe | 1233 | It also accepts 'cm206=auto' to enable |
fea681da | 1234 | autoprobing. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1235 | .TP |
1236 | .B "The Sanyo Interface" | |
fea681da | 1237 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1238 | |
1239 | .in +4n | |
1240 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1241 | sjcd=iobase[,irq[,dma_channel]] |
77bda21c MK |
1242 | .fi |
1243 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1244 | .TP |
1245 | .B "The SoundBlaster Pro Interface" | |
fea681da | 1246 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1247 | |
1248 | .in +4n | |
1249 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1250 | sbpcd=iobase,type |
77bda21c MK |
1251 | .fi |
1252 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1253 | .IP |
fea681da | 1254 | where type is one of the following (case sensitive) strings: |
25715c96 | 1255 | \&'SoundBlaster', 'LaserMate', or 'SPEA'. |
c13182ef | 1256 | The I/O base is that of the |
fea681da | 1257 | CD-ROM interface, and not that of the sound portion of the card. |
73d8cece | 1258 | .SS Ethernet devices |
fea681da | 1259 | Different drivers make use of different parameters, but they all at |
c13182ef MK |
1260 | least share having an IRQ, an I/O port base value, and a name. |
1261 | In its most generic form, it looks something like this: | |
77bda21c MK |
1262 | |
1263 | .in +4n | |
1264 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1265 | ether=irq,iobase[,param_1[,...param_8]],name |
77bda21c MK |
1266 | .fi |
1267 | .in | |
1268 | ||
80c9146c | 1269 | The first nonnumeric argument is taken as the name. |
c13182ef MK |
1270 | The param_n values (if applicable) usually have different meanings for each |
1271 | different card/driver. | |
1272 | Typical param_n values are used to specify | |
fea681da MK |
1273 | things like shared memory address, interface selection, DMA channel |
1274 | and the like. | |
1275 | ||
1276 | The most common use of this parameter is to force probing for a second | |
33a0ccb2 | 1277 | ethercard, as the default is to probe only for one. |
c13182ef | 1278 | This can be accomplished with a simple: |
77bda21c MK |
1279 | |
1280 | .in +4n | |
1281 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1282 | ether=0,0,eth1 |
77bda21c MK |
1283 | .fi |
1284 | .in | |
1285 | ||
fea681da MK |
1286 | Note that the values of zero for the IRQ and I/O base in the above |
1287 | example tell the driver(s) to autoprobe. | |
1288 | ||
1289 | The Ethernet-HowTo has extensive documentation on using multiple | |
e2badfdf | 1290 | cards and on the card/driver-specific implementation |
c13182ef MK |
1291 | of the param_n values where used. |
1292 | Interested readers should refer to | |
fea681da | 1293 | the section in that document on their particular card. |
73d8cece | 1294 | .SS The floppy disk driver |
fea681da | 1295 | There are many floppy driver options, and they are all listed in |
4568d084 MK |
1296 | .I Documentation/floppy.txt |
1297 | (or | |
1298 | .I drivers/block/README.fd | |
66a9882e | 1299 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
c13182ef | 1300 | This information is taken directly |
fea681da | 1301 | from that file. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1302 | .TP |
1303 | .B "floppy=mask,allowed_drive_mask" | |
10f5f294 | 1304 | Sets the bit mask of allowed drives to mask. |
c13182ef MK |
1305 | By default, only units 0 |
1306 | and 1 of each floppy controller are allowed. | |
1307 | This is done because | |
c8f2dd47 | 1308 | certain nonstandard hardware (ASUS PCI motherboards) mess up the |
c13182ef MK |
1309 | keyboard when accessing units 2 or 3. |
1310 | This option is somewhat | |
fea681da | 1311 | obsoleted by the cmos option. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1312 | .TP |
1313 | .B "floppy=all_drives" | |
10f5f294 | 1314 | Sets the bit mask of allowed drives to all drives. |
c13182ef | 1315 | Use this if you have |
fea681da | 1316 | more than two drives connected to a floppy controller. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1317 | .TP |
1318 | .B "floppy=asus_pci" | |
6387216b MK |
1319 | Sets the bit mask to allow only units 0 and 1. |
1320 | (The default) | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1321 | .TP |
1322 | .B "floppy=daring" | |
fea681da | 1323 | Tells the floppy driver that you have a well behaved floppy |
c13182ef MK |
1324 | controller. |
1325 | This allows more efficient and smoother operation, but | |
1326 | may fail on certain controllers. | |
1327 | This may speed up certain operations. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1328 | .TP |
1329 | .B "floppy=0,daring" | |
fea681da MK |
1330 | Tells the floppy driver that your floppy controller should be used |
1331 | with caution. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1332 | .TP |
1333 | .B "floppy=one_fdc" | |
fea681da | 1334 | Tells the floppy driver that you have only floppy controller (default) |
bebbbd1f | 1335 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1336 | .BR floppy=two_fdc " or " floppy=address,two_fdc |
c13182ef MK |
1337 | Tells the floppy driver that you have two floppy controllers. |
1338 | The second floppy controller is assumed to be at address. | |
1339 | If address is | |
fea681da | 1340 | not given, 0x370 is assumed. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1341 | .TP |
1342 | .B "floppy=thinkpad" | |
c13182ef MK |
1343 | Tells the floppy driver that you have a Thinkpad. |
1344 | Thinkpads use an | |
fea681da | 1345 | inverted convention for the disk change line. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1346 | .TP |
1347 | .B "floppy=0,thinkpad" | |
fea681da | 1348 | Tells the floppy driver that you don't have a Thinkpad. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1349 | .TP |
1350 | .B "floppy=drive,type,cmos" | |
c13182ef MK |
1351 | Sets the cmos type of drive to type. |
1352 | Additionally, this drive is | |
10f5f294 | 1353 | allowed in the bit mask. |
c13182ef | 1354 | This is useful if you have more than two |
fea681da | 1355 | floppy drives (only two can be described in the physical cmos), or if |
c8f2dd47 | 1356 | your BIOS uses nonstandard CMOS types. |
c13182ef | 1357 | Setting the CMOS to 0 for the |
fea681da MK |
1358 | first two drives (default) makes the floppy driver read the physical |
1359 | cmos for those drives. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1360 | .TP |
1361 | .B "floppy=unexpected_interrupts" | |
fea681da | 1362 | Print a warning message when an unexpected interrupt is received |
d9bfdb9c | 1363 | (default behavior) |
bebbbd1f | 1364 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1365 | .BR floppy=no_unexpected_interrupts " or " floppy=L40SX |
c13182ef MK |
1366 | Don't print a message when an unexpected interrupt is received. |
1367 | This is needed on IBM L40SX laptops in certain video modes. | |
1368 | (There seems to | |
1369 | be an interaction between video and floppy. | |
1370 | The unexpected interrupts | |
fea681da | 1371 | only affect performance, and can safely be ignored.) |
73d8cece | 1372 | .SS The sound driver |
77bda21c | 1373 | The sound driver can also accept boot arguments to override the compiled in |
c13182ef MK |
1374 | values. |
1375 | This is not recommended, as it is rather complex. | |
66a9882e | 1376 | It is described in the Linux kernel source file |
ef505ff0 MK |
1377 | .IR Documentation/sound/oss/README.OSS |
1378 | .RI ( drivers/sound/Readme.linux | |
1379 | in older kernel versions). | |
c13182ef | 1380 | It accepts |
77bda21c MK |
1381 | a boot argument of the form: |
1382 | ||
1383 | .in +4n | |
1384 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1385 | sound=device1[,device2[,device3...[,device10]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1386 | .fi |
1387 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1388 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1389 | where each deviceN value is of the following format 0xTaaaId and the |
1390 | bytes are used as follows: | |
1391 | ||
4d9b6984 | 1392 | T \- device type: 1=FM, 2=SB, 3=PAS, 4=GUS, 5=MPU401, 6=SB16, |
fea681da MK |
1393 | 7=SB16-MPU401 |
1394 | ||
4d9b6984 | 1395 | aaa \- I/O address in hex. |
fea681da | 1396 | |
4d9b6984 | 1397 | I \- interrupt line in hex (i.e 10=a, 11=b, ...) |
fea681da | 1398 | |
4d9b6984 | 1399 | d \- DMA channel. |
fea681da MK |
1400 | |
1401 | As you can see it gets pretty messy, and you are better off to compile | |
c13182ef | 1402 | in your own personal values as recommended. |
77bda21c | 1403 | Using a boot argument of |
25715c96 | 1404 | \&'sound=0' will disable the sound driver entirely. |
73d8cece | 1405 | .SS ISDN drivers |
bebbbd1f MK |
1406 | .TP |
1407 | .B "The ICN ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1408 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1409 | |
1410 | .in +4n | |
1411 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1412 | icn=iobase,membase,icn_id1,icn_id2 |
77bda21c MK |
1413 | .fi |
1414 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1415 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1416 | where icn_id1,icn_id2 are two strings used to identify the |
1417 | card in kernel messages. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1418 | .TP |
1419 | .B "The PCBIT ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1420 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1421 | |
1422 | .in +4n | |
1423 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1424 | pcbit=membase1,irq1[,membase2,irq2] |
77bda21c MK |
1425 | .fi |
1426 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1427 | .IP |
fea681da | 1428 | where membaseN is the shared memory base of the N'th card, and irqN is |
c13182ef MK |
1429 | the interrupt setting of the N'th card. |
1430 | The default is IRQ 5 and | |
fea681da | 1431 | membase 0xD0000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1432 | .TP |
1433 | .B "The Teles ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1434 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1435 | |
1436 | .in +4n | |
1437 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1438 | teles=iobase,irq,membase,protocol,teles_id |
77bda21c MK |
1439 | .fi |
1440 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1441 | .IP |
e57fca5a | 1442 | where iobase is the I/O port address of the card, membase is the |
fea681da MK |
1443 | shared memory base address of the card, irq is the interrupt channel |
1444 | the card uses, and teles_id is the unique ASCII string identifier. | |
73d8cece | 1445 | .SS Serial port drivers |
bebbbd1f | 1446 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1447 | .B "The RISCom/8 Multiport Serial Driver ('riscom8=')" |
fea681da | 1448 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1449 | |
1450 | .in +4n | |
1451 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1452 | riscom=iobase1[,iobase2[,iobase3[,iobase4]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1453 | .fi |
1454 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1455 | .IP |
e57fca5a MK |
1456 | More details can be found in the kernel source file |
1457 | .IR Documentation/riscom8.txt . | |
bebbbd1f | 1458 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1459 | .B "The DigiBoard Driver ('digi=')" |
fea681da MK |
1460 | If this option is used, it should have precisely six parameters. |
1461 | Syntax: | |
77bda21c MK |
1462 | |
1463 | .in +4n | |
1464 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1465 | digi=status,type,altpin,numports,iobase,membase |
77bda21c MK |
1466 | .fi |
1467 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1468 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1469 | The parameters maybe given as integers, or as strings. |
1470 | If strings are used, then iobase and membase should be given | |
1471 | in hexadecimal. | |
1472 | The integer arguments (fewer may be given) are in order: | |
1473 | status (Enable(1) or Disable(0) this card), | |
1474 | type (PC/Xi(0), PC/Xe(1), PC/Xeve(2), PC/Xem(3)), | |
1475 | altpin (Enable(1) or Disable(0) alternate pin arrangement), | |
1476 | numports (number of ports on this card), | |
1477 | iobase (I/O Port where card is configured (in HEX)), | |
1478 | membase (base of memory window (in HEX)). | |
1479 | Thus, the following two boot prompt arguments are equivalent: | |
77bda21c MK |
1480 | |
1481 | .in +4n | |
1482 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1483 | digi=E,PC/Xi,D,16,200,D0000 |
fea681da | 1484 | digi=1,0,0,16,0x200,851968 |
77bda21c MK |
1485 | .fi |
1486 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1487 | .IP |
e57fca5a MK |
1488 | More details can be found in the kernel source file |
1489 | .IR Documentation/digiboard.txt . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1490 | .TP |
1491 | .B "The Baycom Serial/Parallel Radio Modem" | |
fea681da | 1492 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1493 | |
1494 | .in +4n | |
1495 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1496 | baycom=iobase,irq,modem |
77bda21c MK |
1497 | .fi |
1498 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1499 | .IP |
fea681da | 1500 | There are precisely 3 parameters; for several cards, give |
40dedbfe | 1501 | several 'baycom=' commands. |
c13182ef | 1502 | The modem parameter is a string |
fea681da MK |
1503 | that can take one of the values ser12, ser12*, par96, par96*. |
1504 | Here the * denotes that software DCD is to be used, and | |
1505 | ser12/par96 chooses between the supported modem types. | |
4568d084 MK |
1506 | For more details, see the file |
1507 | .I Documentation/networking/baycom.txt | |
1508 | (or | |
1509 | .I drivers/net/README.baycom | |
66a9882e | 1510 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1511 | .TP |
1512 | .B "Soundcard radio modem driver" | |
fea681da | 1513 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1514 | |
1515 | .in +4n | |
1516 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1517 | soundmodem=iobase,irq,dma[,dma2[,serio[,pario]]],0,mode |
77bda21c MK |
1518 | .fi |
1519 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1520 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1521 | All parameters except the last are integers; |
1522 | the dummy 0 is required because of a bug in the setup code. | |
1523 | The mode parameter is a string with syntax hw:modem, | |
31df5734 MK |
1524 | where hw is one of sbc, wss, or wssfdx, and modem is one of |
1525 | afsk1200 or fsk9600. | |
73d8cece | 1526 | .SS The line printer driver |
bebbbd1f | 1527 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1528 | .B "'lp='" |
77bda21c | 1529 | .br |
fea681da | 1530 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1531 | |
1532 | .in +4n | |
1533 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1534 | lp=0 |
fea681da | 1535 | lp=auto |
fea681da | 1536 | lp=reset |
fea681da | 1537 | lp=port[,port...] |
77bda21c MK |
1538 | .fi |
1539 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1540 | .IP |
fea681da | 1541 | You can tell the printer driver what ports to use and what ports not |
c13182ef MK |
1542 | to use. |
1543 | The latter comes in handy if you don't want the printer driver | |
fea681da | 1544 | to claim all available parallel ports, so that other drivers |
75b94dc3 | 1545 | (e.g., PLIP, PPA) can use them instead. |
fea681da | 1546 | |
c13182ef MK |
1547 | The format of the argument is multiple port names. |
1548 | For example, | |
fea681da | 1549 | lp=none,parport0 would use the first parallel port for lp1, and |
c13182ef MK |
1550 | disable lp0. |
1551 | To disable the printer driver entirely, one can use | |
fea681da | 1552 | lp=0. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1553 | .TP |
1554 | .B "WDT500/501 driver" | |
fea681da | 1555 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1556 | |
1557 | .in +4n | |
1558 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1559 | wdt=io,irq |
77bda21c MK |
1560 | .fi |
1561 | .in | |
73d8cece | 1562 | .SS Mouse drivers |
bebbbd1f | 1563 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1564 | .B "'bmouse=irq'" |
33a0ccb2 | 1565 | The busmouse driver accepts only one parameter, that being the |
fea681da | 1566 | hardware IRQ value to be used. |
bebbbd1f | 1567 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1568 | .B "'msmouse=irq'" |
fea681da | 1569 | And precisely the same is true for the msmouse driver. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1570 | .TP |
1571 | .B "ATARI mouse setup" | |
77bda21c MK |
1572 | Syntax: |
1573 | ||
1574 | .in +4n | |
1575 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1576 | atamouse=threshold[,y-threshold] |
77bda21c MK |
1577 | .fi |
1578 | .in | |
fea681da MK |
1579 | .IP |
1580 | If only one argument is given, it is used for both | |
c13182ef MK |
1581 | x-threshold and y-threshold. |
1582 | Otherwise, the first argument | |
fea681da MK |
1583 | is the x-threshold, and the second the y-threshold. |
1584 | These values must lie between 1 and 20 (inclusive); the default is 2. | |
73d8cece | 1585 | .SS Video hardware |
bebbbd1f | 1586 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1587 | .B "'no-scroll'" |
fea681da MK |
1588 | This option tells the console driver not to use hardware scroll |
1589 | (where a scroll is effected by moving the screen origin in video | |
c13182ef MK |
1590 | memory, instead of moving the data). |
1591 | It is required by certain | |
fea681da | 1592 | Braille machines. |
fd7f0a7f MK |
1593 | .\" .SH AUTHORS |
1594 | .\" Linus Torvalds (and many others) | |
47297adb | 1595 | .SH SEE ALSO |
fea681da | 1596 | .BR klogd (8), |
421405f9 | 1597 | .BR mount (8) |
fea681da MK |
1598 | |
1599 | Large parts of this man page have been derived from the | |
1600 | Boot Parameter HOWTO (version 1.0.1) written by Paul Gortmaker. | |
1601 | More information may be found in this (or a more recent) HOWTO. | |
e57fca5a MK |
1602 | An up-to-date source of information is the kernel source file |
1603 | .IR Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt . |