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user-util: add get{pw,gr}{uid,gid,name}_malloc() helpers
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
CommitLineData
db9ecf05 1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
88213476 2
88213476 3#include <errno.h>
88213476 4#include <getopt.h>
1b9e5b12 5#include <linux/loop.h>
349cc4a5 6#if HAVE_SELINUX
8fe0087e 7#include <selinux/selinux.h>
1b9e5b12 8#endif
8fe0087e 9#include <stdlib.h>
8fe0087e 10#include <sys/file.h>
335d2ead 11#include <sys/ioctl.h>
613fb4b6 12#include <sys/mount.h>
8fe0087e
LP		 13#include <sys/personality.h>
14#include <sys/prctl.h>
15#include <sys/types.h>
6916b164 16#include <sys/wait.h>
335d2ead 17#include <termios.h>
8fe0087e 18#include <unistd.h>
1b9e5b12 19
613fb4b6
LP		 20#include <linux/fs.h> /* Must be included after <sys/mount.h> */
21
b053cd5f 22#include "sd-bus.h"
1f0cd86b 23#include "sd-daemon.h"
1f0cd86b 24#include "sd-id128.h"
8fe0087e 25
b5efdb8a 26#include "alloc-util.h"
813dbff4 27#include "ether-addr-util.h"
8fe0087e
LP		 28#include "barrier.h"
29#include "base-filesystem.h"
30#include "blkid-util.h"
31#include "btrfs-util.h"
d6b4d1c7 32#include "build.h"
b8ea7a6e 33#include "bus-error.h"
7f8a85e6 34#include "bus-locator.h"
b053cd5f 35#include "bus-util.h"
8fe0087e 36#include "cap-list.h"
430f0182 37#include "capability-util.h"
04d391da 38#include "cgroup-util.h"
f461a28d 39#include "chase.h"
988851b6 40#include "common-signal.h"
8fe0087e 41#include "copy.h"
d107bb7d 42#include "cpu-set-util.h"
786d19fd 43#include "creds-util.h"
4fc9982c 44#include "dev-setup.h"
57f1b61b 45#include "discover-image.h"
2d845785 46#include "dissect-image.h"
8fe0087e 47#include "env-util.h"
3652872a 48#include "escape.h"
3ffd4af2 49#include "fd-util.h"
842f3b0f 50#include "fdset.h"
a5c32cff 51#include "fileio.h"
f97b34a6 52#include "format-util.h"
f4f15635 53#include "fs-util.h"
1b9e5b12 54#include "gpt.h"
4623e8e6 55#include "hexdecoct.h"
e2054217 56#include "hostname-setup.h"
8fe0087e 57#include "hostname-util.h"
910fd145 58#include "id128-util.h"
3652872a 59#include "io-util.h"
8fe0087e 60#include "log.h"
2d845785 61#include "loop-util.h"
8fe0087e 62#include "loopback-setup.h"
e8ac916e 63#include "machine-credential.h"
8fe0087e 64#include "macro.h"
44dbef90 65#include "main-func.h"
f5947a5e 66#include "missing_sched.h"
8fe0087e 67#include "mkdir.h"
4349cd7c 68#include "mount-util.h"
049af8ad 69#include "mountpoint-util.h"
0cb8e3d1 70#include "namespace-util.h"
8fe0087e 71#include "netlink-util.h"
2f893044 72#include "nspawn-bind-user.h"
07630cea 73#include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
3603efde 74#include "nspawn-def.h"
07630cea
LP		 75#include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
76#include "nspawn-mount.h"
77#include "nspawn-network.h"
de40a303 78#include "nspawn-oci.h"
7336138e 79#include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
07630cea 80#include "nspawn-register.h"
910fd145 81#include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
07630cea
LP		 82#include "nspawn-settings.h"
83#include "nspawn-setuid.h"
7732f92b 84#include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
c9394f4f 85#include "nspawn-util.h"
91181e07 86#include "nspawn.h"
d8b4d14d 87#include "nulstr-util.h"
d58ad743 88#include "os-util.h"
50ebcf6c 89#include "pager.h"
614b022c 90#include "parse-argument.h"
6bedfcbb 91#include "parse-util.h"
294bf0c3 92#include "pretty-print.h"
0b452006 93#include "process-util.h"
8fe0087e
LP		 94#include "ptyfwd.h"
95#include "random-util.h"
8869a0b4 96#include "raw-clone.h"
86775e35 97#include "resolve-util.h"
bf428efb 98#include "rlimit-util.h"
8fe0087e 99#include "rm-rf.h"
de40a303 100#include "seccomp-util.h"
68b02049 101#include "selinux-util.h"
8fe0087e 102#include "signal-util.h"
2583fbea 103#include "socket-util.h"
8fcde012 104#include "stat-util.h"
15a5e950 105#include "stdio-util.h"
5c828e66 106#include "string-table.h"
07630cea 107#include "string-util.h"
8fe0087e 108#include "strv.h"
de40a303 109#include "sysctl-util.h"
8fe0087e 110#include "terminal-util.h"
e4de7287 111#include "tmpfile-util.h"
affb60b1 112#include "umask-util.h"
43c3fb46 113#include "unit-name.h"
b1d4f8e1 114#include "user-util.h"
300a03be 115#include "vpick.h"
e9642be2 116
e96ceaba
LP		 117/* The notify socket inside the container it can use to talk to nspawn using the sd_notify(3) protocol */
118#define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/host/notify"
e79581dd 119#define NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL "/run/host/incoming"
0e7ac751 120
2a49b612
ZJS		 121#define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
122
113cea80
DH		 123typedef enum ContainerStatus {
124 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
6145bb4f 125 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
113cea80
DH		 126} ContainerStatus;
127
88213476 128static char *arg_directory = NULL;
ec16945e 129static char *arg_template = NULL;
5f932eb9 130static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
b53ede69
PW		 131static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
132static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
687d0825 133static char *arg_user = NULL;
de40a303
LP		 134static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
135static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
136static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
137static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
9444b1f2 138static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
3a9530e5
LP		 139static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
140static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
c74e630d
LP		 141static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
142static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
de40a303 143static char *arg_slice = NULL;
ff01d048 144static bool arg_private_network = false;
bc2f673e 145static bool arg_read_only = false;
7732f92b 146static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
ec16945e 147static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
57fb9fb5 148static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
574edc90 149static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
520e0d54 150static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
50b52222
LP		 151 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
5076f0cc
LP		 153 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
50b52222 162 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
5076f0cc
LP		 163 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
5076f0cc 166 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
50b52222 167 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
5076f0cc
LP		 168 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
50b52222 171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
5076f0cc
LP		 172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
d87be9b0 175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
50b52222 176 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
88fc9c9b 177static uint64_t arg_caps_ambient = 0;
de40a303 178static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
5a8af538 179static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
88614c8a 180static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
f4889f65 181static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
284c0b91 182static bool arg_quiet = false;
eb91eb18 183static bool arg_register = true;
89f7c846 184static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
aa28aefe 185static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
c74e630d 186static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
4bbfe7ad 187static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
69c79d3c 188static bool arg_network_veth = false;
f6d6bad1 189static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
f757855e 190static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
22b28dfd 191static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
d7bea6b6 192static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
813dbff4 193struct ether_addr arg_network_provided_mac = {};
bb068de0 194static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
050f7277 195static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
ec16945e 196static char *arg_image = NULL;
de40a303 197static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
f757855e 198static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
6d0b55c2 199static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
f36933fe 200static char **arg_property = NULL;
de40a303 201static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
0de7acce 202static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
6dac160c 203static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
6c045a99 204static UserNamespaceOwnership arg_userns_ownership = _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_INVALID;
c6c8f6e2 205static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
5da38d07 206static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
f757855e
LP		 207static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
208static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
209static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
6aadfa4c 210static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
9c1e04d0 211static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
5a8ff0e6 212static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
0c582db0 213static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
1099ceeb 214static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
aee36b4e 215static VeritySettings arg_verity_settings = VERITY_SETTINGS_DEFAULT;
6b000af4
LP		 216static char **arg_syscall_allow_list = NULL;
217static char **arg_syscall_deny_list = NULL;
de40a303
LP		 218#if HAVE_SECCOMP
219static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
220#endif
bf428efb 221static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
66edd963 222static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
81f345df
LP		 223static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
224static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
0985c7c4 225static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
09d423e9 226static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
1688841f 227static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
f5fbe71d 228static unsigned arg_console_width = UINT_MAX, arg_console_height = UINT_MAX;
de40a303
LP		 229static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
230static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
231static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
232static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
bd546b9b 233static MachineCredentialContext arg_credentials = {};
2f893044 234static char **arg_bind_user = NULL;
4a4654e0 235static bool arg_suppress_sync = false;
3603f151 236static char *arg_settings_filename = NULL;
4c27749b 237static Architecture arg_architecture = _ARCHITECTURE_INVALID;
84be0c71 238static ImagePolicy *arg_image_policy = NULL;
88213476 239
6145bb4f
LP		 240STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
241STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
242STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
243STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
244STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
245STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
246STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
247STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
248STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
249STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
250STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
251STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
252STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
253STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
254STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
255STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
256STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
257STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
258STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
259STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
260STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
261STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
262STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
89e62e0b 263STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_verity_settings, verity_settings_done);
6b000af4
LP		 264STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_allow_list, strv_freep);
265STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_deny_list, strv_freep);
6145bb4f
LP		 266#if HAVE_SECCOMP
267STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
268#endif
bd546b9b 269STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_credentials, machine_credential_context_done);
0985c7c4 270STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
6145bb4f 271STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
2f893044 272STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_bind_user, strv_freep);
3603f151 273STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_settings_filename, freep);
84be0c71 274STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image_policy, image_policy_freep);
6145bb4f 275
dce66ffe
ZJS		 276static int handle_arg_console(const char *arg) {
277 if (streq(arg, "help")) {
10e8a60b
LP		 278 puts("autopipe\n"
279 "interactive\n"
dce66ffe 280 "passive\n"
10e8a60b
LP		 281 "pipe\n"
282 "read-only");
dce66ffe
ZJS		 283 return 0;
284 }
285
286 if (streq(arg, "interactive"))
287 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
288 else if (streq(arg, "read-only"))
289 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
290 else if (streq(arg, "passive"))
291 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
554c4beb 292 else if (streq(arg, "pipe")) {
dd9c8da8 293 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
554c4beb
LP		 294 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE,
295 "Console mode 'pipe' selected, but standard input/output are connected to an interactive TTY. "
296 "Most likely you want to use 'interactive' console mode for proper interactivity and shell job control. "
297 "Proceeding anyway.");
298
dce66ffe 299 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
10e8a60b 300 } else if (streq(arg, "autopipe")) {
dd9c8da8 301 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
10e8a60b
LP		 302 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
303 else
304 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
554c4beb 305 } else
dce66ffe
ZJS		 306 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
307
308 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
309 return 1;
310}
311
37ec0fdd
LP		 312static int help(void) {
313 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
314 int r;
315
384c2c32 316 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
50ebcf6c 317
37ec0fdd
LP		 318 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
319 if (r < 0)
320 return log_oom();
321
25148653 322 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
37a92352 323 "%5$sSpawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.%6$s\n\n"
a8828ed9
DW		 324 " -h --help Show this help\n"
325 " --version Print version string\n"
69c79d3c 326 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
bb068de0 327 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
25148653
LP		 328 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n\n"
329 "%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
1b9e5b12 330 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
ec16945e
LP		 331 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
332 " if missing\n"
333 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
334 " remove it after exit\n"
25e68fd3
LP		 335 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
336 " the container\n"
84be0c71 337 " --image-policy=POLICY Specify disk image dissection policy\n"
de40a303 338 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
25148653
LP		 339 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
340 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
25e68fd3 341 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
c2923fdc
LB		 342 " --root-hash-sig=SIG Specify pkcs7 signature of root hash for verity\n"
343 " as a DER encoded PKCS7, either as a path to a file\n"
344 " or as an ASCII base64 encoded string prefixed by\n"
345 " 'base64:'\n"
e7cbe5cb 346 " --verity-data=PATH Specify hash device for verity\n"
25148653
LP		 347 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
348 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n\n"
349 "%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
7732f92b 350 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
a8828ed9 351 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
5f932eb9 352 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
0d2a0179 353 " -E --setenv=NAME[=VALUE] Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
25148653
LP		 354 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
355 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
4a4654e0
LP		 356 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
357 " --suppress-sync=BOOLEAN\n"
358 " Suppress any form of disk data synchronization\n\n"
25148653 359 "%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9 360 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
3a9530e5 361 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
25148653
LP		 362 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n\n"
363 "%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9 364 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
f36933fe 365 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
25148653
LP		 366 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
367 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
368 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n\n"
369 "%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
b917743d
YW		 370 " --private-users=no Run without user namespacing\n"
371 " --private-users=yes|pick|identity\n"
372 " Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
373 " --private-users=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]\n"
90b4a64d 374 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
6c045a99
LP		 375 " --private-users-ownership=MODE\n"
376 " Adjust ('chown') or map ('map') OS tree ownership\n"
b917743d
YW		 377 " to private UID/GID range\n"
378 " -U Equivalent to --private-users=pick and\n"
379 " --private-users-ownership=auto\n\n"
25148653 380 "%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
69c79d3c 381 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
2f091b1b 382 " --network-interface=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
69c79d3c
LP		 383 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
384 " container\n"
2f091b1b 385 " --network-macvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
c74e630d
LP		 386 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
387 " existing network interface to the container\n"
2f091b1b 388 " --network-ipvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
387f6955 389 " Create an ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
4bbfe7ad 390 " existing network interface to the container\n"
a8eaaee7 391 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
69c79d3c 392 " and container\n"
f6d6bad1
LP		 393 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
394 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
395 " host and container\n"
ab046dde 396 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
90b4a64d
ZJS		 397 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
398 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
399 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
400 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
d7bea6b6
DP		 401 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
402 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
403 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
6d0b55c2 404 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
25148653
LP		 405 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n\n"
406 "%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9
DW		 407 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
408 " capability\n"
409 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
88fc9c9b
TH		 410 " --ambient-capability=CAP\n"
411 " Sets the specified capability for the started\n"
412 " process. Not useful if booting a machine.\n"
f4e803c8 413 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
960e4569
LP		 414 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
415 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
25148653
LP		 416 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
417 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
418 " processes in the container\n"
419 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
420 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
421 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n\n"
422 "%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
bf428efb 423 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
81f345df
LP		 424 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
425 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
f4e803c8
LP		 426 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
427 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n\n"
25148653 428 "%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
09d423e9 429 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
1688841f 430 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
25148653
LP		 431 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
432 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
433 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n\n"
434 "%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
5e5bfa6e
EY		 435 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
436 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
a8828ed9 437 " the container\n"
5e5bfa6e
EY		 438 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
439 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
de40a303
LP		 440 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
441 " it\n"
06c17c39 442 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
5a8af538
LP		 443 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
444 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
445 " the container\n"
446 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
2f893044
LP		 447 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
448 " --bind-user=NAME Bind user from host to container\n\n"
25148653 449 "%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
de40a303
LP		 450 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
451 " set up for the container.\n"
3652872a
LP		 452 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n\n"
453 "%3$sCredentials:%4$s\n"
454 " --set-credential=ID:VALUE\n"
455 " Pass a credential with literal value to container.\n"
456 " --load-credential=ID:PATH\n"
457 " Load credential to pass to container from file or\n"
458 " AF_UNIX stream socket.\n"
bc556335
DDM		 459 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
460 program_invocation_short_name,
461 link,
462 ansi_underline(),
463 ansi_normal(),
464 ansi_highlight(),
465 ansi_normal());
37ec0fdd
LP		 466
467 return 0;
88213476
LP		 468}
469
86c0dd4a 470static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
88614c8a 471 size_t i;
5a8af538 472
5a8af538
LP		 473 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
474 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
475
0de7acce 476 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
6c045a99 477 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF)
baaa35ad 478 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
c920b863 479 "--private-users-ownership=own may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
6c045a99 480 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
baaa35ad
ZJS		 481 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
482 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
825d5287 483 }
5a8af538
LP		 484 }
485
486 return 0;
487}
488
8199d554 489static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
c78c095b 490 const char *e, *var = "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY";
415fc41c 491 int r;
5da38d07 492
efdb0237 493 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
c78c095b
ZJS		 494
495 e = getenv(var);
496 if (!e) {
d5fc5b2f 497 /* $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY has been renamed to $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY. */
c78c095b
ZJS		 498 var = "UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY";
499 e = getenv(var);
c78c095b
ZJS		 500 }
501
502 if (!isempty(e)) {
efdb0237
LP		 503 r = parse_boolean(e);
504 if (r < 0)
c78c095b 505 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", var);
5da38d07
TH		 506 if (r > 0)
507 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
508 else
509 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
efdb0237
LP		 510 }
511
8199d554
LP		 512 return 0;
513}
514
515static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
516 int r;
517
75b0d8b8
ZJS		 518 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd
519 * in the image actually supports. */
b4cccbc1
LP		 520 r = cg_all_unified();
521 if (r < 0)
522 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
523 if (r > 0) {
a8725a06
ZJS		 524 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
525 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
7e6821ed 526 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "230");
a8725a06
ZJS		 527 if (r < 0)
528 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
529 if (r > 0)
530 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
531 else
532 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
c22800e4 533 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
2977724b 534 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
7e6821ed 535 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "233");
0fd9563f
ZJS		 536 if (r < 0)
537 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
538 if (r > 0)
539 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
540 else
541 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
542 } else
5da38d07 543 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
efdb0237 544
8199d554
LP		 545 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
546 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
547 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
548
efdb0237
LP		 549 return 0;
550}
551
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 552static int parse_capability_spec(const char *spec, uint64_t *ret_mask) {
553 uint64_t mask = 0;
554 int r;
555
556 for (;;) {
557 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
558
559 r = extract_first_word(&spec, &t, ",", 0);
560 if (r < 0)
561 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
562 if (r == 0)
563 break;
564
565 if (streq(t, "help")) {
566 for (int i = 0; i < capability_list_length(); i++) {
567 const char *name;
568
569 name = capability_to_name(i);
570 if (name)
571 puts(name);
572 }
573
574 return 0; /* quit */
575 }
576
577 if (streq(t, "all"))
f5fbe71d 578 mask = UINT64_MAX;
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 579 else {
580 r = capability_from_name(t);
581 if (r < 0)
582 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
583
584 mask |= 1ULL << r;
585 }
586 }
587
588 *ret_mask = mask;
589 return 1; /* continue */
590}
591
49048684 592static int parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
0c582db0
LB		 593 int r;
594
595 r = getenv_bool(name);
596 if (r == -ENXIO)
49048684 597 return 0;
0c582db0 598 if (r < 0)
49048684 599 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", name);
de40a303 600
0c582db0 601 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
de40a303 602 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
49048684 603 return 0;
0c582db0
LB		 604}
605
49048684 606static int parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
4f086aab 607 const char *e;
1099ceeb
LP		 608 int r;
609
610 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
49048684
ZJS		 611 if (r < 0 && r != -ENXIO)
612 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP: %m");
1099ceeb
LP		 613 if (r >= 0)
614 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
4f086aab
SU		 615
616 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
49048684 617 if (streq_ptr(e, "network"))
4f086aab 618 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
4f086aab 619
49048684
ZJS		 620 else if (e) {
621 r = parse_boolean(e);
622 if (r < 0)
623 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE: %m");
624
625 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
626 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
ab8ee0f2 627 }
4f086aab 628
49048684 629 return 0;
4f086aab
SU		 630}
631
49048684 632static int parse_environment(void) {
d5455d2f
LP		 633 const char *e;
634 int r;
635
49048684
ZJS		 636 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
637 if (r < 0)
638 return r;
639 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
640 if (r < 0)
641 return r;
642 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
643 if (r < 0)
644 return r;
645 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
646 if (r < 0)
647 return r;
d5455d2f 648
49048684
ZJS		 649 r = parse_mount_settings_env();
650 if (r < 0)
651 return r;
d5455d2f 652
489fae52
ZJS		 653 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
654 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
de40a303 655 if (!cg_ns_supported())
489fae52 656 arg_use_cgns = false;
de40a303
LP		 657 else {
658 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
659 if (r < 0) {
660 if (r != -ENXIO)
49048684 661 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS: %m");
de40a303
LP		 662
663 arg_use_cgns = true;
664 } else {
665 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
666 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
667 }
668 }
d5455d2f
LP		 669
670 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
671 if (e)
672 arg_container_service_name = e;
673
813dbff4
RC		 674 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_NETWORK_MAC");
675 if (e) {
676 r = parse_ether_addr(e, &arg_network_provided_mac);
677 if (r < 0)
678 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse provided MAC address via environment variable");
679 }
680
4a4654e0
LP		 681 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC");
682 if (r >= 0)
683 arg_suppress_sync = r;
684 else if (r != -ENXIO)
685 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC, ignoring: %m");
686
49048684 687 return detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
d5455d2f
LP		 688}
689
88213476 690static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
a41fe3a2 691 enum {
acbeb427
ZJS		 692 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
693 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
bc2f673e 694 ARG_UUID,
5076f0cc 695 ARG_READ_ONLY,
57fb9fb5 696 ARG_CAPABILITY,
88fc9c9b 697 ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY,
420c7379 698 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
17fe0523
LP		 699 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
700 ARG_BIND,
f4889f65 701 ARG_BIND_RO,
06c17c39 702 ARG_TMPFS,
5a8af538
LP		 703 ARG_OVERLAY,
704 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
de40a303 705 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
eb91eb18 706 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
89f7c846 707 ARG_REGISTER,
aa28aefe 708 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
69c79d3c 709 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
c74e630d 710 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
4bbfe7ad 711 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
ab046dde 712 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
22b28dfd 713 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
f6d6bad1 714 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
d7bea6b6 715 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
6afc95b7 716 ARG_PERSONALITY,
4d9f07b4 717 ARG_VOLATILE,
ec16945e 718 ARG_TEMPLATE,
f36933fe 719 ARG_PROPERTY,
6dac160c 720 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
c6c8f6e2 721 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
f757855e 722 ARG_SETTINGS,
5f932eb9 723 ARG_CHDIR,
b53ede69 724 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
7336138e 725 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
6c045a99 726 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP,
9c1e04d0 727 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
4623e8e6 728 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
89e62e0b
LP		 729 ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG,
730 ARG_VERITY_DATA,
960e4569 731 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
bf428efb 732 ARG_RLIMIT,
3a9530e5 733 ARG_HOSTNAME,
66edd963 734 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
81f345df 735 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
d107bb7d 736 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
09d423e9 737 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
1688841f 738 ARG_TIMEZONE,
de40a303
LP		 739 ARG_CONSOLE,
740 ARG_PIPE,
741 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
bb068de0 742 ARG_NO_PAGER,
3652872a
LP		 743 ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL,
744 ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL,
2f893044 745 ARG_BIND_USER,
4a4654e0 746 ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC,
84be0c71 747 ARG_IMAGE_POLICY,
a41fe3a2
LP		 748 };
749
88213476 750 static const struct option options[] = {
d7bea6b6
DP		 751 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
752 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
753 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
754 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
755 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
756 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
757 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
758 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
759 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
760 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
761 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
762 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
88fc9c9b 763 { "ambient-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY },
d7bea6b6 764 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
66edd963 765 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
d7bea6b6
DP		 766 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
767 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
768 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
769 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
770 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
771 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
de40a303 772 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
d7bea6b6 773 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
3a9530e5 774 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
d7bea6b6
DP		 775 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
776 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
777 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
778 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
779 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
780 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
781 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
782 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
783 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
784 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
785 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
786 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
787 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
788 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
789 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
790 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
791 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
792 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
793 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
794 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
795 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
796 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
6c045a99
LP		 797 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN }, /* obsolete */
798 { "private-users-ownership",required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP},
d7bea6b6
DP		 799 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
800 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
801 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
802 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
803 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
804 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
89e62e0b
LP		 805 { "root-hash-sig", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG },
806 { "verity-data", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERITY_DATA },
d7bea6b6 807 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
bf428efb 808 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
81f345df 809 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
d107bb7d 810 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
09d423e9 811 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
1688841f 812 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
de40a303
LP		 813 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
814 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
815 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
bb068de0 816 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
3652872a
LP		 817 { "set-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL },
818 { "load-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL },
2f893044 819 { "bind-user", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_USER },
4a4654e0 820 { "suppress-sync", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC },
84be0c71 821 { "image-policy", required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE_POLICY },
eb9da376 822 {}
88213476
LP		 823 };
824
9444b1f2 825 int c, r;
a42c8b54 826 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
f757855e 827 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
88213476
LP		 828
829 assert(argc >= 0);
830 assert(argv);
831
ef9c12b1
YW		 832 /* Resetting to 0 forces the invocation of an internal initialization routine of getopt_long()
833 * that checks for GNU extensions in optstring ('-' or '+' at the beginning). */
834 optind = 0;
de40a303 835 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
88213476
LP		 836 switch (c) {
837
838 case 'h':
37ec0fdd 839 return help();
88213476 840
acbeb427 841 case ARG_VERSION:
3f6fd1ba 842 return version();
acbeb427 843
88213476 844 case 'D':
614b022c 845 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
ec16945e 846 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 847 return r;
de40a303
LP		 848
849 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
ec16945e
LP		 850 break;
851
852 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
614b022c 853 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_template);
ec16945e 854 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 855 return r;
de40a303
LP		 856
857 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
88213476
LP		 858 break;
859
1b9e5b12 860 case 'i':
614b022c 861 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
ec16945e 862 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 863 return r;
de40a303
LP		 864
865 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
866 break;
867
868 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
614b022c 869 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
de40a303
LP		 870 if (r < 0)
871 return r;
872
ec16945e
LP		 873 break;
874
875 case 'x':
876 arg_ephemeral = true;
a2f577fc 877 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
1b9e5b12
LP		 878 break;
879
687d0825 880 case 'u':
2fc09a9c
DM		 881 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
882 if (r < 0)
7027ff61 883 return log_oom();
687d0825 884
f757855e 885 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
687d0825
MV		 886 break;
887
22b28dfd 888 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
fee9f7b5 889 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
22b28dfd 890
b910cc72 891 j = strjoin("vz-", optarg);
22b28dfd
LP		 892 if (!j)
893 return log_oom();
894
fee9f7b5
FS		 895 if (!ifname_valid(j))
896 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
897 "Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
22b28dfd 898
df1fac6d 899 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
22b28dfd
LP		 900
901 arg_network_veth = true;
902 arg_private_network = true;
903 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
904 break;
905 }
906
ab046dde 907 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
ef76dff2 908
baaa35ad
ZJS		 909 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
910 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
911 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
ef76dff2 912
f757855e
LP		 913 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
914 if (r < 0)
915 return log_oom();
ab046dde 916
4831981d 917 _fallthrough_;
0dfaa006 918 case 'n':
69c79d3c
LP		 919 arg_network_veth = true;
920 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 921 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
69c79d3c
LP		 922 break;
923
f6d6bad1
LP		 924 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
925 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
926 if (r < 0)
927 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
928
929 arg_private_network = true;
930 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
931 break;
932
aa28aefe 933 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
2f091b1b 934 r = interface_pair_parse(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 935 if (r < 0)
936 return r;
937
c74e630d 938 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 939 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
c74e630d
LP		 940 break;
941
942 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
2f091b1b 943 r = macvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 944 if (r < 0)
945 return r;
946
4bbfe7ad 947 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 948 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
4bbfe7ad
TG		 949 break;
950
951 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
2f091b1b 952 r = ipvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 953 if (r < 0)
954 return r;
955
4831981d 956 _fallthrough_;
ff01d048
LP		 957 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
958 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 959 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
a41fe3a2
LP		 960 break;
961
d7bea6b6 962 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
614b022c 963 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
d7bea6b6
DP		 964 if (r < 0)
965 return r;
966
de40a303 967 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
d7bea6b6
DP		 968 break;
969
0f0dbc46 970 case 'b':
baaa35ad
ZJS		 971 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
972 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
973 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
7732f92b
LP		 974
975 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
976 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
977 break;
978
979 case 'a':
baaa35ad
ZJS		 980 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
981 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
982 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
7732f92b
LP		 983
984 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
985 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
0f0dbc46
LP		 986 break;
987
144f0fc0 988 case ARG_UUID:
aea3f594
ZJS		 989 r = id128_from_string_nonzero(optarg, &arg_uuid);
990 if (r == -ENXIO)
baaa35ad
ZJS		 991 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
992 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
aea3f594
ZJS		 993 if (r < 0)
994 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
f757855e
LP		 995
996 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
9444b1f2 997 break;
aa96c6cb 998
43c3fb46
LP		 999 case 'S': {
1000 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL;
1001
1002 r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(optarg, NULL, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN, ".slice", &mangled);
de40a303
LP		 1003 if (r < 0)
1004 return log_oom();
1005
43c3fb46 1006 free_and_replace(arg_slice, mangled);
de40a303 1007 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
144f0fc0 1008 break;
43c3fb46 1009 }
144f0fc0 1010
7027ff61 1011 case 'M':
c1521918 1012 if (isempty(optarg))
97b11eed 1013 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
c1521918 1014 else {
52ef5dd7 1015 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1016 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1017 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
7027ff61 1018
0c3c4284
LP		 1019 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
1020 if (r < 0)
eb91eb18 1021 return log_oom();
eb91eb18 1022 }
9ce6d1b3 1023 break;
7027ff61 1024
3a9530e5
LP		 1025 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1026 if (isempty(optarg))
1027 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
1028 else {
52ef5dd7 1029 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1030 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1031 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
3a9530e5
LP		 1032
1033 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1034 if (r < 0)
1035 return log_oom();
1036 }
1037
1038 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
1039 break;
1040
82adf6af
LP		 1041 case 'Z':
1042 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
a8828ed9
DW		 1043 break;
1044
82adf6af
LP		 1045 case 'L':
1046 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
a8828ed9
DW		 1047 break;
1048
bc2f673e
LP		 1049 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
1050 arg_read_only = true;
f757855e 1051 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
bc2f673e
LP		 1052 break;
1053
88fc9c9b
TH		 1054 case ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY: {
1055 uint64_t m;
1056 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1057 if (r <= 0)
1058 return r;
1059 arg_caps_ambient |= m;
1060 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1061 break;
1062 }
420c7379
LP		 1063 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
1064 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 1065 uint64_t m;
1066 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1067 if (r <= 0)
1068 return r;
5076f0cc 1069
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 1070 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
1071 plus |= m;
1072 else
1073 minus |= m;
f757855e 1074 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
5076f0cc
LP		 1075 break;
1076 }
66edd963
LP		 1077 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
1078 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1079 if (r < 0)
1080 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
1081
1082 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
1083 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1084 break;
1085
57fb9fb5
LP		 1086 case 'j':
1087 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
574edc90 1088 arg_link_journal_try = true;
4e1d6aa9 1089 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
57fb9fb5
LP		 1090 break;
1091
1092 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
4e1d6aa9 1093 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
c6147113
LP		 1094 if (r < 0)
1095 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
57fb9fb5 1096
4e1d6aa9 1097 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
57fb9fb5
LP		 1098 break;
1099
17fe0523 1100 case ARG_BIND:
f757855e
LP		 1101 case ARG_BIND_RO:
1102 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
1103 if (r < 0)
1104 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
17fe0523 1105
f757855e 1106 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
17fe0523 1107 break;
06c17c39 1108
f757855e
LP		 1109 case ARG_TMPFS:
1110 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1111 if (r < 0)
1112 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
5a8af538 1113
f757855e 1114 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
5a8af538 1115 break;
5a8af538
LP		 1116
1117 case ARG_OVERLAY:
ad85779a
LP		 1118 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
1119 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
1120 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
1121 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
1122 if (r < 0)
1123 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
06c17c39 1124
f757855e 1125 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
06c17c39 1126 break;
06c17c39 1127
de40a303
LP		 1128 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
1129 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1130 if (r < 0)
1131 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1132
1133 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1134 break;
1135
0d2a0179
ZJS		 1136 case 'E':
1137 r = strv_env_replace_strdup_passthrough(&arg_setenv, optarg);
aaf057c4 1138 if (r < 0)
0d2a0179 1139 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot assign environment variable %s: %m", optarg);
f4889f65 1140
f757855e 1141 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
f4889f65 1142 break;
f4889f65 1143
284c0b91
LP		 1144 case 'q':
1145 arg_quiet = true;
1146 break;
1147
8a96d94e 1148 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
a6b5216c 1149 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
0c582db0 1150 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
63d1c29f 1151 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
0c582db0 1152 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
8a96d94e
LP		 1153 break;
1154
eb91eb18
LP		 1155 case ARG_REGISTER:
1156 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1157 if (r < 0) {
1158 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1159 return r;
1160 }
1161
1162 arg_register = r;
1163 break;
1164
89f7c846
LP		 1165 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1166 arg_keep_unit = true;
1167 break;
1168
6afc95b7
LP		 1169 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1170
ac45f971 1171 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1172 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1173 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1174 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
6afc95b7 1175
f757855e 1176 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
6afc95b7
LP		 1177 break;
1178
4d9f07b4
LP		 1179 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1180
1181 if (!optarg)
f757855e 1182 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
5c828e66
LP		 1183 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1184 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1185 return 0;
1186 } else {
f757855e 1187 VolatileMode m;
4d9f07b4 1188
f757855e 1189 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1190 if (m < 0)
1191 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1192 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1193 else
f757855e 1194 arg_volatile_mode = m;
6d0b55c2
LP		 1195 }
1196
f757855e
LP		 1197 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1198 break;
6d0b55c2 1199
f757855e
LP		 1200 case 'p':
1201 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1202 if (r == -EEXIST)
1203 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1204 if (r < 0)
1205 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
6d0b55c2 1206
f757855e 1207 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
6d0b55c2 1208 break;
6d0b55c2 1209
f36933fe
LP		 1210 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1211 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1212 return log_oom();
1213
1214 break;
1215
ae209204 1216 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
33eac552 1217 int boolean;
0de7acce 1218
ae209204
ZJS		 1219 if (!optarg)
1220 boolean = true;
1221 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1222 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1223 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
33eac552
LP		 1224 else
1225 boolean = -1;
ae209204 1226
33eac552 1227 if (boolean == 0) {
0de7acce
LP		 1228 /* no: User namespacing off */
1229 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1230 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1231 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
33eac552 1232 } else if (boolean > 0) {
0de7acce
LP		 1233 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1234 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1235 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1236 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1237 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1238 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
6c045a99
LP		 1239 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1240 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
33eac552 1241 * further down. */
0de7acce
LP		 1242 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1243 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
33eac552
LP		 1244
1245 } else if (streq(optarg, "identity")) {
6c2d70ce 1246 /* identity: User namespaces on, UID range is map the 0…0xFFFF range to
33eac552
LP		 1247 * itself, i.e. we don't actually map anything, but do take benefit of
1248 * isolation of capability sets. */
1249 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1250 arg_uid_shift = 0;
1251 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
0de7acce 1252 } else {
6c2058b3 1253 _cleanup_free_ char *buffer = NULL;
6dac160c
LP		 1254 const char *range, *shift;
1255
0de7acce
LP		 1256 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
1257
6dac160c
LP		 1258 range = strchr(optarg, ':');
1259 if (range) {
6c2058b3
ZJS		 1260 buffer = strndup(optarg, range - optarg);
1261 if (!buffer)
1262 return log_oom();
1263 shift = buffer;
6dac160c
LP		 1264
1265 range++;
bfd292ec
ZJS		 1266 r = safe_atou32(range, &arg_uid_range);
1267 if (r < 0)
be715731 1268 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range);
6dac160c
LP		 1269 } else
1270 shift = optarg;
1271
be715731
ZJS		 1272 r = parse_uid(shift, &arg_uid_shift);
1273 if (r < 0)
1274 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg);
0de7acce
LP		 1275
1276 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
6dac160c 1277
58e13de5
LP		 1278 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
1279 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID range cannot be empty or go beyond " UID_FMT ".", UID_INVALID);
1280 }
be715731 1281
0de7acce 1282 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c 1283 break;
ae209204 1284 }
6dac160c 1285
0de7acce 1286 case 'U':
ccabee0d 1287 if (userns_supported()) {
6c045a99
LP		 1288 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1289 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
33eac552 1290 * further down. */
ccabee0d
LP		 1291 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1292 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1293
1294 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c
LP		 1295 }
1296
7336138e
LP		 1297 break;
1298
0de7acce 1299 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
6c045a99
LP		 1300 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
1301
1302 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1303 break;
1304
1305 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP:
1306 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1307 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(user_namespace_ownership, UserNamespaceOwnership, _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAX);
1308 return 0;
1309 }
1310
1311 arg_userns_ownership = user_namespace_ownership_from_string(optarg);
1312 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1313 return log_error_errno(arg_userns_ownership, "Cannot parse --user-namespace-ownership= value: %s", optarg);
0de7acce
LP		 1314
1315 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c
LP		 1316 break;
1317
c6c8f6e2 1318 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
5c828e66
LP		 1319 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1320 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1321 return 0;
1322 }
1323
29a3db75 1324 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1325 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
7211c853 1326 return log_error_errno(arg_kill_signal, "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
c6c8f6e2 1327
f757855e
LP		 1328 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1329 break;
1330
1331 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1332
1333 /* no → do not read files
1334 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1335 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1336 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1337 */
1338
1339 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1340 if (r < 0) {
1341 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1342 mask_all_settings = false;
1343 mask_no_settings = false;
1344 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1345
1346 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1347 mask_all_settings = false;
1348 mask_no_settings = true;
1349 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1350 } else
1351 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1352 } else if (r > 0) {
1353 /* yes */
1354 mask_all_settings = false;
1355 mask_no_settings = false;
1356 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1357 } else {
1358 /* no */
1359 mask_all_settings = true;
1360 mask_no_settings = false;
1361 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1362 }
1363
c6c8f6e2
LP		 1364 break;
1365
5f932eb9 1366 case ARG_CHDIR:
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1367 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1368 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1369 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
5f932eb9
LP		 1370
1371 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir, optarg);
1372 if (r < 0)
1373 return log_oom();
1374
1375 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1376 break;
1377
b53ede69
PW		 1378 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1379 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1380 if (r < 0)
1381 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1382
1383 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1384 break;
1385
9c1e04d0
AP		 1386 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1387 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1388 if (r < 0)
1389 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1390 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
9c1e04d0
AP		 1391 arg_notify_ready = r;
1392 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1393 break;
1394
4623e8e6 1395 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
89e62e0b 1396 _cleanup_free_ void *k = NULL;
4623e8e6
LP		 1397 size_t l;
1398
bdd2036e 1399 r = unhexmem(optarg, &k, &l);
4623e8e6
LP		 1400 if (r < 0)
1401 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
89e62e0b 1402 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t))
da890466 1403 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128-bit long: %s", optarg);
4623e8e6 1404
89e62e0b
LP		 1405 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash, k);
1406 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_size = l;
4623e8e6
LP		 1407 break;
1408 }
1409
c2923fdc
LB		 1410 case ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG: {
1411 char *value;
89e62e0b
LP		 1412 size_t l;
1413 void *p;
c2923fdc
LB		 1414
1415 if ((value = startswith(optarg, "base64:"))) {
bdd2036e 1416 r = unbase64mem(value, &p, &l);
c2923fdc
LB		 1417 if (r < 0)
1418 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash signature '%s': %m", optarg);
1419
c2923fdc 1420 } else {
89e62e0b 1421 r = read_full_file(optarg, (char**) &p, &l);
c2923fdc 1422 if (r < 0)
89e62e0b 1423 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed parse root hash signature file '%s': %m", optarg);
c2923fdc
LB		 1424 }
1425
89e62e0b
LP		 1426 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig, p);
1427 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig_size = l;
c2923fdc
LB		 1428 break;
1429 }
1430
89e62e0b 1431 case ARG_VERITY_DATA:
614b022c 1432 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_verity_settings.data_path);
89e62e0b
LP		 1433 if (r < 0)
1434 return r;
1435 break;
1436
960e4569
LP		 1437 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1438 bool negative;
1439 const char *items;
1440
1441 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1442 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1443
1444 for (;;) {
1445 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1446
1447 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1448 if (r == 0)
1449 break;
1450 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1451 return log_oom();
1452 if (r < 0)
1453 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1454
1455 if (negative)
6b000af4 1456 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_deny_list, word);
960e4569 1457 else
6b000af4 1458 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_allow_list, word);
960e4569
LP		 1459 if (r < 0)
1460 return log_oom();
1461 }
1462
1463 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1464 break;
1465 }
1466
bf428efb
LP		 1467 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1468 const char *eq;
622ecfa8 1469 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
bf428efb
LP		 1470 int rl;
1471
5c828e66
LP		 1472 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1473 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1474 return 0;
1475 }
1476
bf428efb 1477 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1478 if (!eq)
1479 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1480 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
bf428efb
LP		 1481
1482 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1483 if (!name)
1484 return log_oom();
1485
1486 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
baaa35ad 1487 if (rl < 0)
7211c853 1488 return log_error_errno(rl, "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
bf428efb
LP		 1489
1490 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1491 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1492 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1493 return log_oom();
1494 }
1495
1496 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1497 if (r < 0)
1498 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1499
1500 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1501 break;
1502 }
1503
81f345df
LP		 1504 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1505 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1506 if (r < 0)
1507 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1508
1509 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1510 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1511 break;
1512
d107bb7d 1513 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
0985c7c4 1514 CPUSet cpuset;
d107bb7d
LP		 1515
1516 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1517 if (r < 0)
0985c7c4 1518 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
d107bb7d 1519
0985c7c4
ZJS		 1520 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1521 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
d107bb7d
LP		 1522 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1523 break;
1524 }
1525
09d423e9
LP		 1526 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1527 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1528 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1529 return 0;
1530 }
1531
1532 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1533 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
7211c853 1534 return log_error_errno(arg_resolv_conf,
baaa35ad 1535 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
09d423e9
LP		 1536
1537 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1538 break;
1539
1688841f
LP		 1540 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1541 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1542 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1543 return 0;
1544 }
1545
1546 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1547 if (arg_timezone < 0)
7211c853 1548 return log_error_errno(arg_timezone,
baaa35ad 1549 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1688841f
LP		 1550
1551 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1552 break;
1553
de40a303 1554 case ARG_CONSOLE:
dce66ffe
ZJS		 1555 r = handle_arg_console(optarg);
1556 if (r <= 0)
1557 return r;
de40a303
LP		 1558 break;
1559
1560 case 'P':
1561 case ARG_PIPE:
dce66ffe
ZJS		 1562 r = handle_arg_console("pipe");
1563 if (r <= 0)
1564 return r;
de40a303
LP		 1565 break;
1566
bb068de0
ZJS		 1567 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1568 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1569 break;
1570
e8ac916e 1571 case ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL:
bd546b9b 1572 r = machine_credential_set(&arg_credentials, optarg);
3652872a 1573 if (r < 0)
6045958b
LP		 1574 return r;
1575
3652872a
LP		 1576 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1577 break;
3652872a 1578
e8ac916e 1579 case ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL:
bd546b9b 1580 r = machine_credential_load(&arg_credentials, optarg);
3652872a 1581 if (r < 0)
6045958b 1582 return r;
3652872a
LP		 1583
1584 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1585 break;
3652872a 1586
2f893044
LP		 1587 case ARG_BIND_USER:
1588 if (!valid_user_group_name(optarg, 0))
1589 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid user name to bind: %s", optarg);
1590
1591 if (strv_extend(&arg_bind_user, optarg) < 0)
1592 return log_oom();
1593
1594 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_BIND_USER;
1595 break;
1596
4a4654e0
LP		 1597 case ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC:
1598 r = parse_boolean_argument("--suppress-sync=", optarg, &arg_suppress_sync);
1599 if (r < 0)
1600 return r;
1601
1602 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC;
1603 break;
1604
06e78680
YW		 1605 case ARG_IMAGE_POLICY:
1606 r = parse_image_policy_argument(optarg, &arg_image_policy);
84be0c71 1607 if (r < 0)
06e78680 1608 return r;
84be0c71 1609 break;
84be0c71 1610
88213476
LP		 1611 case '?':
1612 return -EINVAL;
1613
1614 default:
04499a70 1615 assert_not_reached();
88213476 1616 }
88213476 1617
60f1ec13
LP		 1618 if (argc > optind) {
1619 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1620 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1621 if (!arg_parameters)
1622 return log_oom();
d7bea6b6 1623
60f1ec13
LP		 1624 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1625 }
1626
1627 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1628 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1629 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1630 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1631 * --directory=". */
1632 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1633
2642d22a
DDM		 1634 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
1635 arg_caps_retain |= arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0;
2642d22a 1636 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
60f1ec13 1637
de40a303 1638 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
49048684
ZJS		 1639 r = parse_environment();
1640 if (r < 0)
1641 return r;
de40a303 1642
60f1ec13
LP		 1643 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1644 if (mask_no_settings)
1645 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1646
1647 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1648 if (mask_all_settings)
1649 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1650
1651 return 1;
1652}
1653
1654static int verify_arguments(void) {
1655 int r;
a6b5216c 1656
75b0d8b8
ZJS		 1657 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2 && arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
1658 /* If we are running the stub init in the container, we don't need to look at what the init
1659 * in the container supports, because we are not using it. Let's immediately pick the right
1660 * setting based on the host system configuration.
1661 *
1662 * We only do this, if the user didn't use an environment variable to override the detection.
1663 */
1664
1665 r = cg_all_unified();
1666 if (r < 0)
1667 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
1668 if (r > 0)
1669 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
1670 else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0)
1671 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
1672 else
1673 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
1674 }
1675
4f086aab
SU		 1676 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1677 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1678
1679 if (arg_private_network)
1680 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1681
48a8d337
LB		 1682 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1683 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
eb91eb18 1684 arg_register = false;
baaa35ad 1685 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
60f1ec13 1686 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
0c582db0 1687 }
eb91eb18 1688
6c045a99
LP		 1689 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1690 arg_userns_ownership =
f61c7f88 1691 arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK ? USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO :
6c045a99 1692 USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF;
0e7ac751 1693
60f1ec13
LP		 1694 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1695 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1696
e5a4bb0d
LP		 1697 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1698 arg_read_only = true;
1699
2436ea76
DDM		 1700 if (has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts))
1701 arg_read_only = true;
1702
baaa35ad 1703 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
8d9c2bca
AJ		 1704 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1705 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
60f1ec13 1706 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
89f7c846 1707
baaa35ad 1708 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
60f1ec13 1709 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1b9e5b12 1710
baaa35ad 1711 if (arg_template && arg_image)
60f1ec13 1712 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
8cd328d8 1713
baaa35ad 1714 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
60f1ec13 1715 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
ec16945e 1716
baaa35ad 1717 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
60f1ec13 1718 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
ec16945e 1719
baaa35ad 1720 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO))
60f1ec13 1721 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
df9a75e4 1722
baaa35ad 1723 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
60f1ec13 1724 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
7336138e 1725
6c045a99 1726 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_read_only)
de40a303 1727 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
6c045a99 1728 "--read-only and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
f757855e 1729
6c045a99
LP		 1730 /* We don't support --private-users-ownership=chown together with any of the volatile modes since we
1731 * couldn't change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a
1732 * massive copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1733 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1734 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
e5a4bb0d 1735
679ecd36
SZ		 1736 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option (except --private-network),
1737 * we need to error out, to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
60f1ec13
LP		 1738 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1739 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1740 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1741 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
679ecd36 1742 arg_network_veth))
de40a303 1743 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
86c0dd4a 1744
60f1ec13 1745 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
de40a303
LP		 1746 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1747 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
f757855e 1748
baaa35ad 1749 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
60f1ec13 1750 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
4f086aab 1751
baaa35ad 1752 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
60f1ec13 1753 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
f757855e 1754
baaa35ad 1755 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
60f1ec13 1756 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
6d0b55c2 1757
88fc9c9b 1758 if (arg_caps_ambient) {
f5fbe71d 1759 if (arg_caps_ambient == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b
TH		 1760 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= does not support the value all.");
1761
1762 if ((arg_caps_ambient & arg_caps_retain) != arg_caps_ambient)
1763 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not fully covered by Capability= setting.");
1764
1765 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
1766 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not useful for boot mode.");
1767 }
1768
2f893044
LP		 1769 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !strv_isempty(arg_bind_user))
1770 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--bind-user= requires --private-users");
1771
1772 /* Drop duplicate --bind-user= entries */
1773 strv_uniq(arg_bind_user);
1774
60f1ec13
LP		 1775 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1776 if (r < 0)
1777 return r;
c6c8f6e2 1778
f757855e 1779 return 0;
88213476
LP		 1780}
1781
2f091b1b
TM		 1782static int verify_network_interfaces_initialized(void) {
1783 int r;
1784 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_interfaces);
1785 if (r < 0)
1786 return r;
1787
1788 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_macvlan);
1789 if (r < 0)
1790 return r;
1791
1792 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_ipvlan);
1793 if (r < 0)
1794 return r;
1795
1796 return 0;
1797}
1798
91181e07 1799int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 1800 assert(p);
1801
0de7acce 1802 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
03cfe0d5
LP		 1803 return 0;
1804
1805 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1806 return 0;
1807
1808 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1809 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1810
1811 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1812 return -EOVERFLOW;
1813 }
1814
1815 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1816 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1817
1818 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1819 return -EOVERFLOW;
1820 }
1821
7c248223 1822 return RET_NERRNO(lchown(p, uid, gid));
b12afc8c
LP		 1823}
1824
91181e07 1825int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
03cfe0d5 1826 const char *q;
dae8b82e 1827 int r;
03cfe0d5
LP		 1828
1829 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
3f692e2e 1830 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(q, mode));
dae8b82e
ZJS		 1831 if (r == -EEXIST)
1832 return 0;
1833 if (r < 0)
1834 return r;
03cfe0d5
LP		 1835
1836 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1837}
1838
1688841f 1839static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
da9fc98d
LP		 1840 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1841 path,
1842 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1843 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1688841f
LP		 1844}
1845
83205269
LP		 1846static bool etc_writable(void) {
1847 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1848}
1849
e58a1277 1850static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1688841f
LP		 1851 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1852 const char *where, *check;
1853 TimezoneMode m;
d4036145 1854 int r;
f8440af5 1855
e58a1277
LP		 1856 assert(dest);
1857
1688841f 1858 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1688841f
LP		 1859 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1860 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
83205269 1861 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1688841f 1862 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
83205269 1863 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1688841f
LP		 1864 else if (r < 0) {
1865 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1866 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1867 * file.
1868 *
1869 * Example:
1870 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1871 */
1872 return 0;
1873 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
83205269 1874 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1688841f
LP		 1875 else
1876 m = arg_timezone;
1877 } else
1878 m = arg_timezone;
1879
1880 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1881 return 0;
1882
f461a28d 1883 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
d4036145 1884 if (r < 0) {
1688841f 1885 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
d4036145
LP		 1886 return 0;
1887 }
1888
1688841f
LP		 1889 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1890
1891 switch (m) {
1892
1893 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1894 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1895 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1896
d4036145 1897 return 0;
d4036145 1898
1688841f
LP		 1899 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1900 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1901 const char *z, *what;
4d1c38b8 1902
1688841f
LP		 1903 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1904 if (!z) {
1905 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
d4036145 1906 return 0;
1688841f 1907 }
d4036145 1908
1688841f
LP		 1909 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1910 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1911 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1912
1913 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
f461a28d 1914 r = chase(check, dest, 0, NULL, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1915 if (r < 0)
1916 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
1917 else {
1918 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1919 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1920 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
1921 return 0;
1922 }
1923
1924 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1925 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
1926 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
1927 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1928 return 0;
1929 }
1930
1931 break;
1932 }
1933
1934 _fallthrough_;
d4036145 1935 }
68fb0892 1936
1688841f
LP		 1937 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
1938 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
1939 int found;
1940
f461a28d 1941 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1942 if (found < 0) {
1943 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
1944 return 0;
1945 }
1946
1947 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
1948 (void) touch(resolved);
1949
511a8cfe 1950 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1688841f 1951 if (r >= 0)
511a8cfe 1952 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1953
1954 _fallthrough_;
79d80fc1 1955 }
4d9f07b4 1956
1688841f
LP		 1957 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
1958 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
7c2f5495 1959 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
1688841f
LP		 1960 if (r < 0) {
1961 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1962 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
1963 return 0;
1964 }
1965
1966 break;
1967
1968 default:
04499a70 1969 assert_not_reached();
d4036145 1970 }
e58a1277 1971
1688841f 1972 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
03cfe0d5
LP		 1973 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
1974 if (r < 0)
1688841f 1975 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
03cfe0d5 1976
e58a1277 1977 return 0;
88213476
LP		 1978}
1979
09d423e9
LP		 1980static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
1981 assert(path);
1982
1983 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
1984 if (errno == ENOENT)
1985 return 0;
1986
1987 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
1988 }
1989
1990 return 1;
1991}
1992
7357272e 1993static int resolved_listening(void) {
b8ea7a6e 1994 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
b053cd5f 1995 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
7357272e 1996 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
b053cd5f
LP		 1997 int r;
1998
7357272e 1999 /* Check if resolved is listening */
b053cd5f
LP		 2000
2001 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
2002 if (r < 0)
b8ea7a6e 2003 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
b053cd5f 2004
7357272e 2005 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
b8ea7a6e
LP		 2006 if (r < 0)
2007 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
2008 if (r == 0)
2009 return 0;
7357272e 2010
7f8a85e6 2011 r = bus_get_property_string(bus, bus_resolve_mgr, "DNSStubListener", &error, &dns_stub_listener_mode);
7357272e 2012 if (r < 0)
b8ea7a6e 2013 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
7357272e
DM		 2014
2015 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
b053cd5f
LP		 2016}
2017
2547bb41 2018static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
09d423e9
LP		 2019 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
2020 const char *where, *what;
2021 ResolvConfMode m;
2022 int r;
2547bb41
LP		 2023
2024 assert(dest);
2025
09d423e9
LP		 2026 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
2027 if (arg_private_network)
2028 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
86775e35
LP		 2029 else if (have_resolv_conf(PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
2030 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB;
09d423e9 2031 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
83205269 2032 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
09d423e9 2033 else
83205269 2034 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
86775e35 2035
09d423e9
LP		 2036 } else
2037 m = arg_resolv_conf;
2038
2039 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
2547bb41
LP		 2040 return 0;
2041
f461a28d 2042 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
87447ae4
LP		 2043 if (r < 0) {
2044 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
2045 return 0;
2046 }
2047
2048 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
09d423e9
LP		 2049
2050 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
2051 if (unlink(where) < 0)
2052 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
2053
87447ae4
LP		 2054 return 0;
2055 }
79d80fc1 2056
86775e35
LP		 2057 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
2058 what = PRIVATE_STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
2059 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK))
2060 what = PRIVATE_UPLINK_RESOLV_CONF;
2061 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB))
2062 what = PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF;
09d423e9
LP		 2063 else
2064 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
87447ae4 2065
86775e35 2066 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB)) {
09d423e9
LP		 2067 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2068 int found;
2069
d404c8d8 2070 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT|CHASE_NOFOLLOW, &resolved, NULL);
09d423e9
LP		 2071 if (found < 0) {
2072 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
2073 return 0;
2074 }
3539724c 2075
87447ae4
LP		 2076 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2077 (void) touch(resolved);
5367354d 2078
511a8cfe 2079 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48 2080 if (r >= 0)
511a8cfe 2081 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
86775e35
LP		 2082
2083 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
3539724c
LP		 2084 }
2085
86775e35 2086 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB))
7c2f5495 2087 r = copy_file_atomic(what, where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
86775e35 2088 else
7c2f5495 2089 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, COPY_REFLINK);
79d80fc1 2090 if (r < 0) {
3539724c
LP		 2091 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
2092 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
68a313c5 2093 *
3539724c 2094 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
68a313c5 2095 */
86775e35
LP		 2096 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB) &&
2097 IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
3539724c 2098 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
79d80fc1
TG		 2099 return 0;
2100 }
2547bb41 2101
03cfe0d5
LP		 2102 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2103 if (r < 0)
3539724c 2104 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
03cfe0d5 2105
2547bb41
LP		 2106 return 0;
2107}
2108
1e4f1671 2109static int setup_boot_id(void) {
cdde6ba6
LP		 2110 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2111 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
3bbaff3e 2112 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
cdde6ba6 2113 const char *to;
04bc4a3f
LP		 2114 int r;
2115
1eacc470 2116 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
04bc4a3f 2117
1eacc470 2118 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
cdde6ba6
LP		 2119 if (r < 0)
2120 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
04bc4a3f
LP		 2121
2122 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
f647962d
MS		 2123 if (r < 0)
2124 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
04bc4a3f 2125
b40c8ebd 2126 r = id128_write(path, ID128_FORMAT_UUID, rnd);
f647962d
MS		 2127 if (r < 0)
2128 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
04bc4a3f 2129
cdde6ba6
LP		 2130 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
2131 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
2132
511a8cfe 2133 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
cdde6ba6
LP		 2134 if (r < 0)
2135 return r;
04bc4a3f 2136
511a8cfe 2137 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
04bc4a3f
LP		 2138}
2139
e58a1277 2140static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
88213476
LP		 2141 static const char devnodes[] =
2142 "null\0"
2143 "zero\0"
2144 "full\0"
2145 "random\0"
2146 "urandom\0"
85614d66
TG		 2147 "tty\0"
2148 "net/tun\0";
88213476 2149
e58a1277 2150 int r = 0;
a258bf26
LP		 2151
2152 assert(dest);
124640f1 2153
52f05ef2 2154 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
88213476 2155
03cfe0d5
LP		 2156 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
2157 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
2158 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
2159
88213476 2160 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
7fd1b19b 2161 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
7f112f50 2162 struct stat st;
88213476 2163
c6134d3e 2164 from = path_join("/dev/", d);
8967f291
LP		 2165 if (!from)
2166 return log_oom();
2167
c6134d3e 2168 to = path_join(dest, from);
8967f291
LP		 2169 if (!to)
2170 return log_oom();
88213476
LP		 2171
2172 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
2173
4a62c710
MS		 2174 if (errno != ENOENT)
2175 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
88213476 2176
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2177 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
2178 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2179 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
2180 else {
8dfce114
LP		 2181 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
2182
81f5049b 2183 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
8dbf71ec 2184 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
41eb4362 2185 if (errno == EEXIST)
1f87cc8c 2186 log_notice("%s/dev/ is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev/ is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
81f5049b
AC		 2187 if (errno != EPERM)
2188 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
2189
8dfce114 2190 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
81f5049b
AC		 2191 r = touch(to);
2192 if (r < 0)
2193 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
511a8cfe 2194 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2195 if (r < 0)
2196 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
81f5049b 2197 }
6278cf60 2198
03cfe0d5
LP		 2199 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
2200 if (r < 0)
2201 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
8dfce114 2202
657ee2d8 2203 dn = path_join("/dev", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
8dfce114
LP		 2204 if (!dn)
2205 return log_oom();
2206
2207 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
2208 if (r < 0)
2209 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
2210
2211 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
2212 return log_oom();
2213
c6134d3e 2214 prefixed = path_join(dest, sl);
8dfce114
LP		 2215 if (!prefixed)
2216 return log_oom();
2217
2d9b74ba 2218 t = path_join("..", d);
8dfce114
LP		 2219 if (!t)
2220 return log_oom();
2221
2222 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
2223 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
88213476 2224 }
88213476
LP		 2225 }
2226
e58a1277
LP		 2227 return r;
2228}
88213476 2229
de40a303 2230static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
de40a303
LP		 2231 size_t i;
2232 int r;
2233
52f05ef2 2234 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
de40a303
LP		 2235
2236 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
2237 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2238 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
2239
c6134d3e 2240 path = path_join(dest, n->path);
de40a303
LP		 2241 if (!path)
2242 return log_oom();
2243
2244 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
2245 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
2246
2247 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
2248 if (r < 0)
2249 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
2250 }
2251
2252 return 0;
2253}
2254
03cfe0d5
LP		 2255static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
2256 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
2257 const char *p;
709f6e46 2258 int r;
03cfe0d5 2259
349cc4a5 2260#if HAVE_SELINUX
03cfe0d5
LP		 2261 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
2262 (void) asprintf(&options,
3dce8915 2263 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
03cfe0d5
LP		 2264 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2265 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2266 else
2267#endif
2268 (void) asprintf(&options,
3dce8915 2269 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
03cfe0d5 2270 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
f2d88580 2271
03cfe0d5 2272 if (!options)
f2d88580
LP		 2273 return log_oom();
2274
03cfe0d5 2275 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
cc9fce65 2276 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
3f692e2e 2277 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
dae8b82e
ZJS		 2278 if (r < 0)
2279 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2280
511a8cfe 2281 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2282 if (r < 0)
2283 return r;
709f6e46
MS		 2284 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2285 if (r < 0)
2286 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 2287
2288 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2289 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
4a62c710
MS		 2290 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2291 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
709f6e46
MS		 2292 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2293 if (r < 0)
2294 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
f2d88580 2295
03cfe0d5
LP		 2296 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2297 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
709f6e46
MS		 2298 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2299 if (r < 0)
2300 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
6278cf60 2301
f2d88580
LP		 2302 return 0;
2303}
2304
3acc84eb 2305static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
5bb1d7fb 2306 _cleanup_close_ int terminal = -EBADF;
e58a1277 2307 int r;
e58a1277 2308
335d2ead
LP		 2309 /* We open the TTY in O_NOCTTY mode, so that we do not become controller yet. We'll do that later
2310 * explicitly, if we are configured to. */
2311 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
3acc84eb
FB		 2312 if (terminal < 0)
2313 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
e58a1277 2314
3acc84eb
FB		 2315 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2316 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2317 r = log_dup_console();
2318 if (r < 0)
2319 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
de40a303 2320
3acc84eb
FB		 2321 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2322 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2fef50cd 2323 TAKE_FD(terminal);
f647962d 2324 if (r < 0)
3acc84eb
FB		 2325 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2326
2327 return 0;
2328}
88213476 2329
3acc84eb
FB		 2330static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2331 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2332 int r;
a258bf26 2333
3acc84eb
FB		 2334 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2335 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
81f5049b 2336 if (r < 0)
3acc84eb
FB		 2337 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2338
2339 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2340 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
a258bf26 2341
3acc84eb 2342 return 0;
e58a1277
LP		 2343}
2344
8e5430c4
LP		 2345static int setup_keyring(void) {
2346 key_serial_t keyring;
2347
6b000af4
LP		 2348 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session
2349 * systemd-nspawn was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block
2350 * keyctl() and request_key() anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary,
2351 * but in case people explicitly allow-list these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything
2352 * into the container. */
8e5430c4
LP		 2353
2354 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2355 if (keyring == -1) {
2356 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2357 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
065b4774 2358 else if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
8e5430c4
LP		 2359 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2360 else
2361 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2362 }
2363
2364 return 0;
2365}
2366
32fa2458
LP		 2367int make_run_host(const char *root) {
2368 int r;
2369
2370 assert(root);
2371
2372 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2373 if (r < 0)
2374 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/: %m");
2375
2376 return 0;
2377}
2378
3652872a
LP		 2379static int setup_credentials(const char *root) {
2380 const char *q;
2381 int r;
2382
bd546b9b 2383 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials == 0)
3652872a
LP		 2384 return 0;
2385
32fa2458 2386 r = make_run_host(root);
3652872a 2387 if (r < 0)
32fa2458 2388 return r;
3652872a
LP		 2389
2390 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/credentials", 0700, 0, 0);
2391 if (r < 0)
2392 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/credentials: %m");
2393
2394 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/credentials");
511a8cfe 2395 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, "ramfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0700");
3652872a
LP		 2396 if (r < 0)
2397 return r;
2398
bd546b9b 2399 FOREACH_ARRAY(cred, arg_credentials.credentials, arg_credentials.n_credentials) {
3652872a 2400 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
254d1313 2401 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3652872a 2402
bd546b9b 2403 j = path_join(q, cred->id);
3652872a
LP		 2404 if (!j)
2405 return log_oom();
2406
2407 fd = open(j, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2408 if (fd < 0)
2409 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create credential file %s: %m", j);
2410
bd546b9b 2411 r = loop_write(fd, cred->data, cred->size);
3652872a
LP		 2412 if (r < 0)
2413 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write credential to file %s: %m", j);
2414
2415 if (fchmod(fd, 0400) < 0)
2416 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", j);
2417
2418 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2419 if (fchown(fd, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift) < 0)
2420 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust ownership of %s: %m", j);
2421 }
2422 }
2423
2424 if (chmod(q, 0500) < 0)
2425 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", q);
2426
2427 r = userns_lchown(q, 0, 0);
2428 if (r < 0)
2429 return r;
2430
2431 /* Make both mount and superblock read-only now */
511a8cfe 2432 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
3652872a
LP		 2433 if (r < 0)
2434 return r;
2435
511a8cfe 2436 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0500");
3652872a
LP		 2437}
2438
5d9d3fcb 2439static int setup_kmsg(int fd_inner_socket) {
9ec5a93c
LP		 2440 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2441 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
254d1313 2442 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
9ec5a93c 2443 int r;
e58a1277 2444
5d9d3fcb 2445 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
a258bf26 2446
52f05ef2 2447 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
a258bf26 2448
30fd9a2d 2449 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as a temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
9ec5a93c
LP		 2450 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2451 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2452 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2453
1eacc470 2454 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
9ec5a93c
LP		 2455 if (r < 0)
2456 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
e58a1277 2457
9ec5a93c 2458 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
03cfe0d5 2459 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
9ec5a93c
LP		 2460
2461 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
9ec5a93c 2462
511a8cfe 2463 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2464 if (r < 0)
2465 return r;
e58a1277 2466
669fc4e5 2467 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
4a62c710
MS		 2468 if (fd < 0)
2469 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
e58a1277 2470
9ec5a93c 2471 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
5d9d3fcb 2472 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, fd, 0);
d9603714
DH		 2473 if (r < 0)
2474 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
a258bf26 2475
25ea79fe 2476 return 0;
88213476
LP		 2477}
2478
761cf19d 2479struct ExposeArgs {
deff68e7
FW		 2480 union in_addr_union address4;
2481 union in_addr_union address6;
761cf19d
FW		 2482 struct FirewallContext *fw_ctx;
2483};
2484
1c4baffc 2485static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
99534007 2486 struct ExposeArgs *args = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
6d0b55c2
LP		 2487
2488 assert(rtnl);
2489 assert(m);
6d0b55c2 2490
fb9044cb
LP		 2491 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &args->address4);
2492 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &args->address6);
6d0b55c2
LP		 2493 return 0;
2494}
2495
3a74cea5 2496static int setup_hostname(void) {
c818eef1 2497 int r;
3a74cea5 2498
0c582db0 2499 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
eb91eb18
LP		 2500 return 0;
2501
c818eef1
LP		 2502 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2503 if (r < 0)
2504 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
3a74cea5 2505
7027ff61 2506 return 0;
3a74cea5
LP		 2507}
2508
57fb9fb5 2509static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
0f5e1382 2510 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
5980d463 2511 const char *p, *q;
b2238e38 2512 sd_id128_t this_id;
8054d749 2513 bool try;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2514 int r;
2515
df9a75e4
LP		 2516 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2517 if (arg_ephemeral)
2518 return 0;
2519
8054d749
LP		 2520 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2521 return 0;
2522
2523 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2524
4d680aee 2525 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
f647962d
MS		 2526 if (r < 0)
2527 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
4d680aee 2528
e01ff70a 2529 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
8054d749 2530 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
85b55869 2531 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
8054d749 2532 if (try)
4d680aee 2533 return 0;
df9a75e4 2534 return -EEXIST;
4d680aee
ZJS		 2535 }
2536
369ca6da
ZJS		 2537 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2538 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2539 if (r < 0) {
2540 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2541 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2542 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2543 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2544 }
2545 }
03cfe0d5 2546
85b55869 2547 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
03cfe0d5 2548 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
27407a01 2549
e1873695 2550 if (path_is_mount_point(p, NULL, 0) > 0) {
8054d749
LP		 2551 if (try)
2552 return 0;
27407a01 2553
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2554 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2555 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2556 }
2557
e1873695 2558 if (path_is_mount_point(q, NULL, 0) > 0) {
8054d749
LP		 2559 if (try)
2560 return 0;
57fb9fb5 2561
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2562 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2563 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2564 }
2565
2566 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2567 if (r >= 0) {
3742095b 2568 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
57fb9fb5
LP		 2569 path_equal(d, q)) {
2570
03cfe0d5 2571 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
27407a01 2572 if (r < 0)
709f6e46 2573 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
27407a01 2574 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2575 }
2576
4a62c710
MS		 2577 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2578 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2579 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2580
2581 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2582 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2583
27407a01
ZJS		 2584 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2585 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2586 return r;
4314d33f
MS		 2587 } else
2588 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5 2589 }
4314d33f
MS		 2590 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2591 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2592
2593 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2594
2595 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
8054d749 2596 if (try) {
56f64d95 2597 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
574edc90 2598 return 0;
4314d33f
MS		 2599 } else
2600 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2601 }
2602
03cfe0d5 2603 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
27407a01 2604 if (r < 0)
709f6e46 2605 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
27407a01 2606 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2607 }
2608
2609 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
ccddd104 2610 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
574edc90 2611 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
ba8e6c4d 2612
3f692e2e 2613 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
dae8b82e 2614 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
8054d749 2615 if (try) {
dae8b82e 2616 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
574edc90 2617 return 0;
4314d33f 2618 } else
dae8b82e 2619 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2620 }
2621
27407a01
ZJS		 2622 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2623 return 0;
57fb9fb5 2624
db55bbf2 2625 if (dir_is_empty(q, /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) == 0)
cdb2b9d0
LP		 2626 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2627
03cfe0d5 2628 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
709f6e46
MS		 2629 if (r < 0)
2630 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
57fb9fb5 2631
511a8cfe 2632 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48 2633 if (r < 0)
4a62c710 2634 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
57fb9fb5 2635
27407a01 2636 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2637}
2638
de40a303
LP		 2639static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2640 CapabilityQuintet q;
2641
2642 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2643 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2644 * arg_caps_retain. */
2645
2646 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2647 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2648
f5fbe71d 2649 if (q.bounding == UINT64_MAX)
de40a303
LP		 2650 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2651
f5fbe71d 2652 if (q.effective == UINT64_MAX)
de40a303
LP		 2653 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2654
f5fbe71d 2655 if (q.inheritable == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b 2656 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
de40a303 2657
f5fbe71d 2658 if (q.permitted == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b 2659 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
de40a303 2660
f5fbe71d 2661 if (q.ambient == UINT64_MAX && ambient_capabilities_supported())
88fc9c9b 2662 q.ambient = arg_caps_ambient;
f66ad460
AZ		 2663
2664 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2665 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Cannot set capabilities that are not in the current bounding set.");
2666
2667 } else {
de40a303
LP		 2668 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2669 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2670 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
88fc9c9b
TH		 2671 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2672 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
f5fbe71d 2673 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? arg_caps_ambient : UINT64_MAX,
de40a303
LP		 2674 };
2675
f66ad460
AZ		 2676 /* If we're not using OCI, proceed with mangled capabilities (so we don't error out)
2677 * in order to maintain the same behavior as systemd < 242. */
2678 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
0ccdaa79
JT		 2679 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2680 "Some capabilities will not be set because they are not in the current bounding set.");
f66ad460
AZ		 2681
2682 }
2683
de40a303 2684 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
88213476
LP		 2685}
2686
db999e0f
LP		 2687static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2688 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2689 int r;
2690
0c582db0 2691 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
db999e0f
LP		 2692 return 0;
2693
2694 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
13e8ceb8 2695 if (r == -ENOENT)
db999e0f 2696 return 0;
f647962d
MS		 2697 if (r < 0)
2698 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
db999e0f
LP		 2699
2700 /* Already reset? */
2701 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2702 return 0;
2703
57512c89 2704 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
db999e0f 2705 if (r < 0) {
10a87006
LP		 2706 log_error_errno(r,
2707 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2708 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2709 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2710 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2711 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
77b6e194 2712
db999e0f 2713 sleep(5);
77b6e194 2714 }
db999e0f
LP		 2715
2716 return 0;
77b6e194
LP		 2717}
2718
e79581dd 2719static int mount_tunnel_dig(const char *root) {
785890ac 2720 const char *p, *q;
709f6e46 2721 int r;
785890ac
LP		 2722
2723 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2724 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
63c372cb 2725 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
785890ac
LP		 2726 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2727
32fa2458 2728 r = make_run_host(root);
709f6e46 2729 if (r < 0)
32fa2458 2730 return r;
03cfe0d5 2731
e79581dd 2732 r = userns_mkdir(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, 0600, 0, 0);
709f6e46 2733 if (r < 0)
e79581dd 2734 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create "NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL": %m");
03cfe0d5 2735
e79581dd 2736 q = prefix_roota(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL);
511a8cfe 2737 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2738 if (r < 0)
2739 return r;
785890ac 2740
511a8cfe 2741 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2742 if (r < 0)
2743 return r;
785890ac 2744
e79581dd
CB		 2745 return 0;
2746}
2747
2748static int mount_tunnel_open(void) {
2749 int r;
2750
2751 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2752 if (r < 0)
2753 return r;
2754
2755 return 0;
785890ac
LP		 2756}
2757
317feb4d 2758static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
3bbaff3e 2759 int r;
e01ff70a 2760
317feb4d
LP		 2761 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2762 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2763 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2764 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2765 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2766 * container behaves nicely). */
2767
319477f1 2768 r = id128_get_machine(directory, &arg_uuid);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 2769 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_MACHINE_ID_UNSET(r)) {
2770 /* If the file is missing, empty, or uninitialized, we don't mind */
317feb4d
LP		 2771 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2772 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2773 if (r < 0)
2774 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2775 }
bb44fd07
ZJS		 2776 } else if (r < 0)
2777 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
691675ba 2778
e01ff70a
MS		 2779 return 0;
2780}
2781
7336138e
LP		 2782static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2783 int r;
2784
2785 assert(directory);
2786
6c045a99 2787 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN)
7336138e
LP		 2788 return 0;
2789
2790 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2791 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2792 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2793 if (r == -EBADE)
2794 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2795 if (r < 0)
2796 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2797 if (r == 0)
2798 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2799 else
2800 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2801
2802 return r;
2803}
2804
113cea80 2805/*
6d416b9c
LS		 2806 * Return values:
2807 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2808 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2809 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2810 * container argument.
2811 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2812 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
919699ec
LP		 2813 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2814 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
6d416b9c
LS		 2815 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2816 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2817 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
113cea80 2818 *
6d416b9c
LS		 2819 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2820 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
113cea80
DH		 2821 */
2822static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
113cea80 2823 siginfo_t status;
919699ec 2824 int r;
113cea80
DH		 2825
2826 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
f647962d
MS		 2827 if (r < 0)
2828 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
113cea80
DH		 2829
2830 switch (status.si_code) {
fddbb89c 2831
113cea80 2832 case CLD_EXITED:
b5a2179b 2833 if (status.si_status == 0)
919699ec 2834 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
b5a2179b 2835 else
919699ec 2836 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
fddbb89c 2837
919699ec
LP		 2838 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2839 return status.si_status;
113cea80
DH		 2840
2841 case CLD_KILLED:
2842 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
919699ec 2843 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2844 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
919699ec
LP		 2845 return 0;
2846
113cea80 2847 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
919699ec 2848 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2849 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
919699ec 2850 return 0;
113cea80 2851 }
919699ec 2852
4831981d 2853 _fallthrough_;
113cea80 2854 case CLD_DUMPED:
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2855 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2856 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
113cea80
DH		 2857
2858 default:
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2859 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2860 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2861 }
113cea80
DH		 2862}
2863
023fb90b
LP		 2864static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2865 pid_t pid;
2866
4a0b58c4 2867 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
023fb90b 2868 if (pid > 0) {
c6c8f6e2 2869 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
023fb90b
LP		 2870 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2871 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2872 return 0;
2873 }
2874 }
2875
2876 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2877 return 0;
2878}
2879
6916b164 2880static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
abdb9b08
LP		 2881 pid_t pid;
2882
2883 assert(s);
2884 assert(ssi);
2885
2886 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2887
6916b164
AU		 2888 for (;;) {
2889 siginfo_t si = {};
abdb9b08 2890
6916b164
AU		 2891 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2892 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2893 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2894 break;
abdb9b08 2895 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
6916b164
AU		 2896 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2897 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2898 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2899 break;
2900 }
abdb9b08 2901
6916b164
AU		 2902 /* Reap all other children. */
2903 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2904 }
2905
2906 return 0;
2907}
2908
abdb9b08
LP		 2909static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2910 pid_t pid;
2911
2912 assert(m);
2913
2914 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2915
2916 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2917 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2918 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2919 } else {
2920 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2921 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2922 }
2923
2924 return 0;
2925}
2926
300a03be
LP		 2927static int pick_paths(void) {
2928 int r;
2929
2930 if (arg_directory) {
2931 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2932 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2933
2934 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2935
2936 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2937 &arg_directory,
2938 &filter,
2939 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2940 &result);
2941 if (r < 0) {
2942 /* Accept ENOENT here so that the --template= logic can work */
2943 if (r != -ENOENT)
2944 return r;
2945 } else
2946 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2947 }
2948
2949 if (arg_image) {
2950 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2951 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_raw;
2952
2953 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2954
2955 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2956 &arg_image,
2957 &filter,
2958 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2959 &result);
2960 if (r < 0)
2961 return r;
2962
2963 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2964 }
2965
2966 if (arg_template) {
2967 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2968 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2969
2970 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2971
2972 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2973 &arg_template,
2974 &filter,
2975 PICK_ARCHITECTURE,
2976 &result);
2977 if (r < 0)
2978 return r;
2979
2980 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2981 }
2982
2983 return 0;
2984}
2985
ec16945e 2986static int determine_names(void) {
1b9cebf6 2987 int r;
ec16945e 2988
c1521918
LP		 2989 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
2990
300a03be
LP		 2991 /* If --template= was specified then we should not search for a machine, but instead create a
2992 * new one in /var/lib/machine. */
c1521918 2993
657ee2d8 2994 arg_directory = path_join("/var/lib/machines", arg_machine);
c1521918
LP		 2995 if (!arg_directory)
2996 return log_oom();
2997 }
2998
ec16945e 2999 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
1b9cebf6
LP		 3000 if (arg_machine) {
3001 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
3002
d577d4a4 3003 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, NULL, &i);
3a6ce860
LP		 3004 if (r == -ENOENT)
3005 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
1b9cebf6
LP		 3006 if (r < 0)
3007 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
1b9cebf6 3008
eb38edce 3009 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
0f03c2a4 3010 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
1b9cebf6 3011 else
0f03c2a4 3012 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
1b9cebf6 3013 if (r < 0)
0f3be6ca 3014 return log_oom();
1b9cebf6 3015
aee327b8
LP		 3016 if (!arg_ephemeral)
3017 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
d7249575
LP		 3018 } else {
3019 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
3020 if (r < 0)
3021 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
3022 }
ec16945e 3023
c6147113
LP		 3024 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
3025 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
ec16945e
LP		 3026 }
3027
3028 if (!arg_machine) {
b9ba4dab
LP		 3029 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
3030 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
e9b88a6d
LP		 3031 else if (arg_image) {
3032 char *e;
4827ab48 3033
b36e39d2
LP		 3034 r = path_extract_filename(arg_image, &arg_machine);
3035 if (r < 0)
3036 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_image);
4827ab48 3037
e9b88a6d
LP		 3038 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
3039 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
3040 if (e)
3041 *e = 0;
b36e39d2
LP		 3042 } else {
3043 r = path_extract_filename(arg_directory, &arg_machine);
3044 if (r < 0)
3045 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_directory);
3046 }
ec16945e 3047
ae691c1d 3048 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
52ef5dd7 3049 if (!hostname_is_valid(arg_machine, 0))
c6147113 3050 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
b9ba4dab 3051
3603f151
LB		 3052 /* Copy the machine name before the random suffix is added below, otherwise we won't be able
3053 * to match fixed config file names. */
3054 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3055 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3056 return log_oom();
3057
e9b88a6d
LP		 3058 /* Add a random suffix when this is an ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
3059 * instances at once without manually having to specify -M each time. */
3060 if (arg_ephemeral)
3061 if (strextendf(&arg_machine, "-%016" PRIx64, random_u64()) < 0)
b9ba4dab 3062 return log_oom();
3603f151
LB		 3063 } else {
3064 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3065 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3066 return log_oom();
ec16945e
LP		 3067 }
3068
3069 return 0;
3070}
3071
f461a28d 3072static int chase_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
3f342ec4
LP		 3073 char *chased;
3074 int r;
3075
3076 assert(p);
3077
3078 if (!*p)
3079 return 0;
3080
f461a28d 3081 r = chase(*p, NULL, flags, &chased, NULL);
3f342ec4
LP		 3082 if (r < 0)
3083 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
3084
a5648b80 3085 return free_and_replace(*p, chased);
3f342ec4
LP		 3086}
3087
03cfe0d5 3088static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
6dac160c 3089
0de7acce 3090 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
03cfe0d5 3091 arg_uid_shift = 0;
6dac160c 3092 return 0;
03cfe0d5 3093 }
6dac160c
LP		 3094
3095 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
3096 struct stat st;
3097
993da6d4
LP		 3098 /* Read the UID shift off the image. Maybe we can reuse this to avoid chowning. */
3099
3100 if (stat(directory, &st) < 0)
03cfe0d5 3101 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
6dac160c
LP		 3102
3103 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
3104
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3105 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
3106 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3107 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
6dac160c
LP		 3108
3109 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
f61c7f88
LP		 3110
3111 if (arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3112 /* If the image is shifted already, then we'll fall back to classic chowning, for
3113 * compatibility (and simplicity), or refuse if mapping is explicitly requested. */
3114
3115 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) {
3116 log_debug("UID base of %s is non-zero, not using UID mapping.", directory);
3117 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3118 } else if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP)
3119 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3120 "UID base of %s is not zero, UID mapping not supported.", directory);
3121 }
6dac160c
LP		 3122 }
3123
58e13de5
LP		 3124 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
3125 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID base too high for UID range.");
6dac160c 3126
6dac160c
LP		 3127 return 0;
3128}
3129
de40a303
LP		 3130static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
3131 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
3132
3133 if (arg_private_network)
3134 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
3135 if (arg_use_cgns)
3136 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
3137 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
3138 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
3139
3140 return flags;
3141}
3142
3143static int patch_sysctl(void) {
3144
3145 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
3146 static const struct {
3147 const char *key;
3148 bool prefix;
3149 unsigned long clone_flags;
3150 } safe_sysctl[] = {
3151 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3152 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3153 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3154 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3155 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3156 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3157 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3158 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3159 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3160 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3161 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
3162 };
3163
3164 unsigned long flags;
de40a303
LP		 3165 int r;
3166
3167 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
3168
3169 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
3170 bool good = false;
3171 size_t i;
3172
3173 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
3174
3175 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
3176 continue;
3177
3178 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
3179 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3180 else
3181 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3182
3183 if (good)
3184 break;
3185 }
3186
c6147113
LP		 3187 if (!good)
3188 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
de40a303
LP		 3189
3190 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
3191 if (r < 0)
3192 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
3193 }
3194
3195 return 0;
3196}
3197
03cfe0d5
LP		 3198static int inner_child(
3199 Barrier *barrier,
5d9d3fcb 3200 int fd_inner_socket,
e1bb4b0d
LB		 3201 FDSet *fds,
3202 char **os_release_pairs) {
69c79d3c 3203
03cfe0d5 3204 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
88614c8a 3205 size_t n_env = 1;
4ab3d29f
ZJS		 3206 char *envp[] = {
3207 (char*) "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
6aadfa4c 3208 NULL, /* container */
03cfe0d5
LP		 3209 NULL, /* TERM */
3210 NULL, /* HOME */
3211 NULL, /* USER */
3212 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
3213 NULL, /* container_uuid */
3214 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
3215 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
9c1e04d0 3216 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
3652872a 3217 NULL, /* CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY */
b626f695 3218 NULL, /* LANG */
03cfe0d5
LP		 3219 NULL
3220 };
1a68e1e5 3221 const char *exec_target;
2371271c 3222 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
de40a303 3223 int r, which_failed;
88213476 3224
b37469d7
LP		 3225 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
3226 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
3227 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
3228 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
3229 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
3230 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
3231 * namespace.
3232 *
3233 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
3234 * unshare(). See below. */
3235
03cfe0d5 3236 assert(barrier);
5d9d3fcb 3237 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
88213476 3238
de40a303
LP		 3239 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
3240
0de7acce 3241 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3242 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
3243 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
7027ff61 3244
03cfe0d5 3245 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
baaa35ad 3246 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
2a2e78e9 3247 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
88213476 3248
2a2e78e9
LP		 3249 /* Become the new root user inside our namespace */
3250 r = reset_uid_gid();
3251 if (r < 0)
3252 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
3253
3254 /* Creating a new user namespace means all MS_SHARED mounts become MS_SLAVE. Let's put them
3255 * back to MS_SHARED here, since that's what we want as defaults. (This will not reconnect
3256 * propagation, but simply create new peer groups for all our mounts). */
511a8cfe 3257 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
2a2e78e9
LP		 3258 if (r < 0)
3259 return r;
3260 }
6d66bd3b 3261
0de7acce 3262 r = mount_all(NULL,
4f086aab 3263 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
0de7acce 3264 arg_uid_shift,
0de7acce 3265 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3266 if (r < 0)
3267 return r;
3268
04413780
ZJS		 3269 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
3270 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
3271 if (r < 0)
3272 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
75116558
PS		 3273
3274 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
3275 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
04413780
ZJS		 3276 }
3277
4f086aab 3278 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
d8fc6a00
LP		 3279 if (r < 0)
3280 return r;
3281
03cfe0d5
LP		 3282 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
3283 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3284 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
3285 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3286 "Parent died too early");
88213476 3287
489fae52 3288 if (arg_use_cgns) {
0996ef00
CB		 3289 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
3290 if (r < 0)
04413780 3291 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
0996ef00
CB		 3292 r = mount_cgroups(
3293 "",
3294 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3295 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3296 arg_uid_shift,
3297 arg_uid_range,
5a8ff0e6 3298 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
ada54120 3299 true);
1433e0f2 3300 } else
0996ef00 3301 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
1433e0f2
LP		 3302 if (r < 0)
3303 return r;
ec16945e 3304
1e4f1671 3305 r = setup_boot_id();
03cfe0d5
LP		 3306 if (r < 0)
3307 return r;
ec16945e 3308
5d9d3fcb 3309 r = setup_kmsg(fd_inner_socket);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3310 if (r < 0)
3311 return r;
ec16945e 3312
de40a303
LP		 3313 r = mount_custom(
3314 "/",
3315 arg_custom_mounts,
3316 arg_n_custom_mounts,
de40a303 3317 0,
c0c8f718 3318 0,
de40a303 3319 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
5f0a6347 3320 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY | MOUNT_IN_USERNS);
de40a303
LP		 3321 if (r < 0)
3322 return r;
3323
03cfe0d5
LP		 3324 if (setsid() < 0)
3325 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
3326
3327 if (arg_private_network)
df883de9 3328 (void) loopback_setup();
03cfe0d5 3329
7a8f6325 3330 if (arg_expose_ports) {
b07ee903 3331 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(fd_inner_socket);
7a8f6325
LP		 3332 if (r < 0)
3333 return r;
7a8f6325 3334 }
03cfe0d5 3335
3acc84eb 3336 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
5bb1d7fb 3337 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
3acc84eb
FB		 3338 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
3339
3340 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
dc98caea 3341 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
3acc84eb 3342 if (master < 0)
dc98caea 3343 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
3acc84eb
FB		 3344
3345 r = setup_dev_console(console);
3346 if (r < 0)
105a1a36 3347 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up /dev/console: %m");
3acc84eb 3348
bb1aa185 3349 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, master, 0);
3acc84eb
FB		 3350 if (r < 0)
3351 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
3acc84eb
FB		 3352
3353 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
3354 if (r < 0)
3355 return r;
3356 }
3357
de40a303
LP		 3358 r = patch_sysctl();
3359 if (r < 0)
3360 return r;
3361
81f345df
LP		 3362 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
3363 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
3364 if (r < 0)
3365 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
3366 }
3367
0985c7c4
ZJS		 3368 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
3369 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
d107bb7d
LP		 3370 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
3371
c818eef1 3372 (void) setup_hostname();
03cfe0d5 3373
050f7277 3374 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
21022b9d
LP		 3375 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
3376 if (r < 0)
3377 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
4c27749b
LP		 3378#ifdef ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY
3379 } else if (arg_architecture == ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY) {
21022b9d
LP		 3380 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
3381 if (r < 0)
3382 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
4c27749b 3383#endif
af262e5f
LB		 3384 } else if (!arg_quiet && arg_architecture >= 0 && arg_architecture != native_architecture())
3385 log_notice("Selected architecture '%s' not supported natively on the local CPU, assuming "
3386 "invocation with qemu userspace emulator (or equivalent) in effect.",
3387 architecture_to_string(arg_architecture));
03cfe0d5 3388
de40a303
LP		 3389 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
3390 if (r < 0)
3391 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
3392
3393#if HAVE_SECCOMP
3394 if (arg_seccomp) {
3395
3396 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
de40a303 3397 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
3c098014
ZJS		 3398 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
3399 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3400 if (r < 0)
de40a303
LP		 3401 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3402 }
3403 } else
3404#endif
3405 {
6b000af4 3406 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_allow_list, arg_syscall_deny_list);
de40a303
LP		 3407 if (r < 0)
3408 return r;
3409 }
3410
4a4654e0 3411 if (arg_suppress_sync) {
20e458ae 3412#if HAVE_SECCOMP
4a4654e0
LP		 3413 r = seccomp_suppress_sync();
3414 if (r < 0)
3415 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install sync() suppression seccomp filter, ignoring: %m");
20e458ae 3416#else
2db32618 3417 log_debug("systemd is built without SECCOMP support. Ignoring --suppress-sync= command line option and SuppressSync= setting.");
20e458ae 3418#endif
4a4654e0
LP		 3419 }
3420
349cc4a5 3421#if HAVE_SELINUX
03cfe0d5 3422 if (arg_selinux_context)
2ed96880 3423 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 3424 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
3425#endif
3426
de40a303
LP		 3427 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3428 * if we need to later on. */
3429 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3430 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3431
3432 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3462d773 3433 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE);
de40a303 3434 else
3462d773 3435 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE, &home);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3436 if (r < 0)
3437 return r;
3438
de40a303
LP		 3439 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3440 if (r < 0)
3441 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3442
66edd963
LP		 3443 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3444 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3445 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3446
6aadfa4c
ILG		 3447 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3448 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3449
03cfe0d5
LP		 3450 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3451 if (envp[n_env])
313cefa1 3452 n_env++;
03cfe0d5 3453
de40a303 3454 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
4ab3d29f 3455 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
de40a303
LP		 3456 return log_oom();
3457
3458 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
4ab3d29f 3459 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
1da3cb81 3460 asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0)
de40a303 3461 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3462
3bbaff3e 3463 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
03cfe0d5 3464
b7416360 3465 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "container_uuid=%s", SD_ID128_TO_UUID_STRING(arg_uuid)) < 0)
e01ff70a 3466 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3467
43127aeb 3468 if (!fdset_isempty(fds)) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3469 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3470 if (r < 0)
3471 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3472
4ab3d29f
ZJS		 3473 if ((asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3474 (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
03cfe0d5
LP		 3475 return log_oom();
3476 }
4ab3d29f 3477 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
9c1e04d0 3478 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3479
bd546b9b 3480 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials > 0) {
3652872a
LP		 3481 envp[n_env] = strdup("CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY=/run/host/credentials");
3482 if (!envp[n_env])
3483 return log_oom();
3484 n_env++;
3485 }
3486
b626f695 3487 if (arg_start_mode != START_BOOT) {
a22f5186 3488 envp[n_env] = strdup("LANG=" SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCALE);
b626f695
DDM		 3489 if (!envp[n_env])
3490 return log_oom();
3491 n_env++;
3492 }
3493
4ab3d29f 3494 env_use = strv_env_merge(envp, os_release_pairs, arg_setenv);
2371271c
TG		 3495 if (!env_use)
3496 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3497
1a8d7814 3498 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and wait until the parent is ready with the setup, too... */
baaa35ad 3499 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
335d2ead 3500 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
03cfe0d5 3501
5f932eb9
LP		 3502 if (arg_chdir)
3503 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3504 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3505
7732f92b 3506 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
75bf701f 3507 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
7732f92b
LP		 3508 if (r < 0)
3509 return r;
3510 }
3511
335d2ead
LP		 3512 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3513 /* So far our pty wasn't controlled by any process. Finally, it's time to change that, if we
3514 * are configured for that. Acquire it as controlling tty. */
3515 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY) < 0)
3516 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire controlling TTY: %m");
3517 }
3518
de40a303
LP		 3519 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3520
8ca082b4
LP		 3521 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3522 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3523 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
03cfe0d5 3524 log_close();
8ca082b4 3525 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
a3b00f91 3526 log_settle_target();
8ca082b4 3527
03cfe0d5
LP		 3528 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3529
7732f92b 3530 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3531 char **a;
3532 size_t m;
3533
3534 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3535
75f32f04
ZJS		 3536 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3537 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3538 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3539 a[1 + m] = NULL;
03cfe0d5 3540
a5096641
LP		 3541 FOREACH_STRING(init,
3542 "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd",
3543 "/lib/systemd/systemd",
3544 "/sbin/init") {
3545 a[0] = (char*) init;
3546 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3547 }
ced58da7
LP		 3548
3549 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
1a68e1e5 3550 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
b6b180b7
LP		 3551 const char *dollar_path;
3552
1a68e1e5 3553 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
b6b180b7
LP		 3554
3555 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3556 * binary. */
3557 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3558 if (dollar_path) {
6f646e01 3559 if (setenv("PATH", dollar_path, 1) < 0)
b6b180b7
LP		 3560 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3561 }
3562
f757855e 3563 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
1a68e1e5 3564 } else {
5f932eb9 3565 if (!arg_chdir)
d929b0f9
ZJS		 3566 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3567 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
5f932eb9 3568
53350c7b 3569 execle(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "-" DEFAULT_USER_SHELL_NAME, NULL, env_use);
3570 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/bash"))
3571 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3572 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/sh"))
3573 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
ced58da7 3574
53350c7b 3575 exec_target = DEFAULT_USER_SHELL ", /bin/bash, /bin/sh";
03cfe0d5
LP		 3576 }
3577
8ca082b4 3578 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3579}
3580
e96ceaba 3581static int setup_notify_child(void) {
254d1313 3582 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
1eb874b9 3583 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
44ed5214
LP		 3584 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3585 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
9c1e04d0
AP		 3586 };
3587 int r;
3588
3589 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3590 if (fd < 0)
3591 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3592
3593 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
fbda85b0 3594 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
9c1e04d0 3595
6db53d20
LP		 3596 WITH_UMASK(0577) { /* only set "w" bit, which is all that's necessary for connecting from the container */
3597 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3598 if (r < 0)
3599 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3600 }
9c1e04d0 3601
adc7d9f0 3602 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
271f518f 3603 if (r < 0)
adc7d9f0 3604 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
adc7d9f0 3605
2ff48e98 3606 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
271f518f 3607 if (r < 0)
2ff48e98 3608 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
9c1e04d0 3609
271f518f 3610 return TAKE_FD(fd);
9c1e04d0
AP		 3611}
3612
613fb4b6
LP		 3613static int setup_unix_export_dir_outside(char **ret) {
3614 int r;
3615
3616 assert(ret);
3617
3618 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3619 p = path_join("/run/systemd/nspawn/unix-export", arg_machine);
3620 if (!p)
3621 return log_oom();
3622
3623 r = path_is_mount_point(p, /* root= */ NULL, 0);
3624 if (r > 0)
3625 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Mount point '%s' exists already, refusing.", p);
3626 if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
3627 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to detect if '%s' is a mount point: %m", p);
3628
3629 r = mkdir_p(p, 0755);
3630 if (r < 0)
3631 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", p);
3632
3633 _cleanup_(rmdir_and_freep) char *q = TAKE_PTR(p);
3634
3635 /* Mount the "unix export" directory really tiny, just 64 inodes. We mark the superblock writable
3636 * (since the container shall bind sockets into it). */
3637 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3638 LOG_ERR,
3639 "tmpfs",
3640 q,
3641 "tmpfs",
3642 MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3643 "size=4M,nr_inodes=64,mode=0755");
3644 if (r < 0)
3645 return r;
3646
3647 _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *w = TAKE_PTR(q);
3648
3649 /* After creating the superblock we change the bind mount to be read-only. This means that the fs
3650 * itself is writable, but not through the mount accessible from the host. */
3651 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3652 LOG_ERR,
3653 /* source= */ NULL,
3654 w,
3655 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3656 MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3657 /* options= */ NULL);
3658 if (r < 0)
3659 return r;
3660
3661 *ret = TAKE_PTR(w);
3662 return 0;
3663}
3664
3665static int setup_unix_export_host_inside(const char *directory, const char *unix_export_path) {
3666 int r;
3667
3668 assert(directory);
3669 assert(unix_export_path);
3670
3671 r = make_run_host(directory);
3672 if (r < 0)
3673 return r;
3674
3675 _cleanup_free_ char *p = path_join(directory, "run/host/unix-export");
3676 if (!p)
3677 return log_oom();
3678
3679 if (mkdir(p, 0755) < 0)
3680 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create '%s': %m", p);
3681
3682 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3683 LOG_ERR,
3684 unix_export_path,
3685 p,
3686 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3687 MS_BIND,
3688 /* options= */ NULL);
3689 if (r < 0)
3690 return r;
3691
3692 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3693 LOG_ERR,
3694 /* source= */ NULL,
3695 p,
3696 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3697 MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3698 /* options= */ NULL);
3699 if (r < 0)
3700 return r;
3701
3702 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
3703 if (r < 0)
3704 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown '%s': %m", p);
3705
3706 return 0;
3707}
3708
03cfe0d5
LP		 3709static int outer_child(
3710 Barrier *barrier,
3711 const char *directory,
2d845785 3712 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
af06cd30 3713 int fd_outer_socket,
5d9d3fcb 3714 int fd_inner_socket,
d7bea6b6 3715 FDSet *fds,
613fb4b6
LP		 3716 int netns_fd,
3717 const char *unix_export_path) {
03cfe0d5 3718
2f893044 3719 _cleanup_(bind_user_context_freep) BindUserContext *bind_user_context = NULL;
e1bb4b0d 3720 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **os_release_pairs = NULL;
254d1313 3721 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF;
f61c7f88 3722 bool idmap = false;
e5f10caf 3723 const char *p;
03cfe0d5
LP		 3724 pid_t pid;
3725 ssize_t l;
de40a303 3726 int r;
03cfe0d5 3727
d1d0b895
LP		 3728 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It
3729 * already has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in
3730 * the host's CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET
3731 * namespaces. After it completed a number of initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is
3732 * forked off it, and it exits. */
b37469d7 3733
03cfe0d5
LP		 3734 assert(barrier);
3735 assert(directory);
af06cd30 3736 assert(fd_outer_socket >= 0);
5d9d3fcb 3737 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
03cfe0d5 3738
de40a303
LP		 3739 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3740
e1bb4b0d
LB		 3741 r = load_os_release_pairs_with_prefix("/", "container_host_", &os_release_pairs);
3742 if (r < 0)
3743 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release from host for container, ignoring: %m");
3744
03cfe0d5
LP		 3745 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3746 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3747
03cfe0d5
LP		 3748 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3749 if (r < 0)
3750 return r;
3751
2a2e78e9
LP		 3752 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still receive mounts from the real root, but don't propagate
3753 * mounts to the real root. */
511a8cfe 3754 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 3755 if (r < 0)
3756 return r;
03cfe0d5 3757
2d845785 3758 if (dissected_image) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3759 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the
3760 * rest. We can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest,
3761 * but then with the uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the
3762 * right place right away. This makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
2d3a5a73 3763
af187ab2 3764 r = dissected_image_mount_and_warn(
d04faa4e
LP		 3765 dissected_image,
3766 directory,
3767 arg_uid_shift,
21b61b1d 3768 arg_uid_range,
8d9a1d59 3769 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
d04faa4e
LP		 3770 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|
3771 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3772 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
c65f854a 3773 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
af187ab2 3774 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
2d845785 3775 if (r < 0)
af187ab2 3776 return r;
2d845785 3777 }
03cfe0d5 3778
391567f4
LP		 3779 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3780 if (r < 0)
3781 return r;
3782
0de7acce 3783 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
d2881ef9
YW		 3784 r = namespace_open(0,
3785 /* ret_pidns_fd = */ NULL,
3786 &mntns_fd,
3787 /* ret_netns_fd = */ NULL,
3788 /* ret_userns_fd = */ NULL,
3789 /* ret_root_fd = */ NULL);
b71a0192
CB		 3790 if (r < 0)
3791 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pin outer mount namespace: %m");
3792
af06cd30 3793 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, mntns_fd, 0);
b71a0192
CB		 3794 if (l < 0)
3795 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send outer mount namespace fd: %m");
3796 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
3797
0e7ac751 3798 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
af06cd30 3799 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
825d5287
RM		 3800 if (l < 0)
3801 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3802 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3803 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3804 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
0e7ac751 3805
0de7acce 3806 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3807 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the
3808 * UID shift we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID
3809 * shift back to us, if not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
0e7ac751 3810
af06cd30 3811 l = recv(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
0e7ac751
LP		 3812 if (l < 0)
3813 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3814 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3815 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3816 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
0e7ac751
LP		 3817 }
3818
ff6c6cc1
LP		 3819 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3820 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
825d5287
RM		 3821 }
3822
6f83d3d1
LP		 3823 if (path_equal(directory, "/")) {
3824 /* If the directory we shall boot is the host, let's operate on a bind mount at a different
3825 * place, so that we can make changes to its mount structure (for example, to implement
3826 * --volatile=) without this interfering with our ability to access files such as
3827 * /etc/localtime to copy into the container. Note that we use a fixed place for this
6c2d70ce 3828 * (instead of a temporary directory, since we are living in our own mount namespace here
7802194a 3829 * already, and thus don't need to be afraid of colliding with anyone else's mounts). */
6f83d3d1
LP		 3830 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn-root", 0755);
3831
511a8cfe 3832 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "/", "/run/systemd/nspawn-root", NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
6f83d3d1
LP		 3833 if (r < 0)
3834 return r;
3835
3836 directory = "/run/systemd/nspawn-root";
e50cd82f 3837 }
7d0ecdd6 3838
75f81732
LP		 3839 /* Make sure we always have a mount that we can move to root later on. */
3840 r = make_mount_point(directory);
3841 if (r < 0)
3842 return r;
3843
3844 /* So the whole tree is now MS_SLAVE, i.e. we'll still receive mount/umount events from the host
3845 * mount namespace. For the directory we are going to run our container let's turn this off, so that
3846 * we'll live in our own little world from now on, and propagation from the host may only happen via
3847 * the mount tunnel dir, or not at all. */
3848 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC, NULL);
3849 if (r < 0)
3850 return r;
3851
7d0ecdd6
LP		 3852 r = setup_pivot_root(
3853 directory,
3854 arg_pivot_root_new,
3855 arg_pivot_root_old);
3856 if (r < 0)
3857 return r;
3858
3859 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3860 directory,
3861 arg_volatile_mode,
7d0ecdd6 3862 arg_uid_shift,
8f1ed04a 3863 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
7d0ecdd6
LP		 3864 if (r < 0)
3865 return r;
3866
2f893044
LP		 3867 r = bind_user_prepare(
3868 directory,
3869 arg_bind_user,
3870 arg_uid_shift,
3871 arg_uid_range,
3872 &arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts,
3873 &bind_user_context);
3874 if (r < 0)
3875 return r;
3876
3877 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && bind_user_context) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3878 /* Send the user maps we determined to the parent, so that it installs it in our user
3879 * namespace UID map table */
2f893044
LP		 3880
3881 for (size_t i = 0; i < bind_user_context->n_data; i++) {
3882 uid_t map[] = {
3883 bind_user_context->data[i].payload_user->uid,
3884 bind_user_context->data[i].host_user->uid,
3885 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].payload_group->gid,
3886 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].host_group->gid,
3887 };
3888
af06cd30 3889 l = send(fd_outer_socket, map, sizeof(map), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
2f893044
LP		 3890 if (l < 0)
3891 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send user UID map: %m");
3892 if (l != sizeof(map))
3893 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3894 "Short write while sending user UID map.");
3895 }
3896 }
3897
5f0a6347
DDM		 3898 r = mount_custom(
3899 directory,
3900 arg_custom_mounts,
3901 arg_n_custom_mounts,
5f0a6347 3902 arg_uid_shift,
c0c8f718 3903 arg_uid_range,
5f0a6347
DDM		 3904 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3905 MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY);
3906 if (r < 0)
3907 return r;
3908
c0c8f718
AV		 3909 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO &&
3910 IN_SET(arg_userns_ownership, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) &&
3911 arg_uid_shift != 0) {
dba4fa89
LP		 3912 _cleanup_free_ char *usr_subtree = NULL;
3913 char *dirs[3];
3914 size_t i = 0;
c0c8f718 3915
dba4fa89
LP		 3916 dirs[i++] = (char*) directory;
3917
3918 if (dissected_image && dissected_image->partitions[PARTITION_USR].found) {
3919 usr_subtree = path_join(directory, "/usr");
3920 if (!usr_subtree)
3921 return log_oom();
3922
3923 dirs[i++] = usr_subtree;
3924 }
3925
3926 dirs[i] = NULL;
3927
3928 r = remount_idmap(dirs, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range, UID_INVALID, REMOUNT_IDMAPPING_HOST_ROOT);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 3929 if (r == -EINVAL || ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(r)) {
3930 /* This might fail because the kernel or file system doesn't support idmapping. We
3931 * can't really distinguish this nicely, nor do we have any guarantees about the
3932 * error codes we see, could be EOPNOTSUPP or EINVAL. */
3933 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO)
3934 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
3935 "ID mapped mounts are apparently not available, sorry.");
3936
3937 log_debug("ID mapped mounts are apparently not available on this kernel or for the selected file system, reverting to recursive chown()ing.");
3938 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3939 } else if (r < 0)
3940 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up ID mapped mounts: %m");
3941 else {
c0c8f718
AV		 3942 log_debug("ID mapped mounts available, making use of them.");
3943 idmap = true;
3944 }
3945 }
3946
2d3a5a73
LP		 3947 if (dissected_image) {
3948 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
d04faa4e
LP		 3949 r = dissected_image_mount(
3950 dissected_image,
3951 directory,
3952 arg_uid_shift,
21b61b1d 3953 arg_uid_range,
8d9a1d59 3954 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
d04faa4e
LP		 3955 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|
3956 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3957 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
f61c7f88
LP		 3958 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3959 (idmap ? DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_IDMAPPED : 0));
4fcb96ce
LP		 3960 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
3961 return log_error_errno(r, "File system check for image failed: %m");
2d3a5a73 3962 if (r < 0)
4fcb96ce 3963 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image file system: %m");
2d3a5a73
LP		 3964 }
3965
8199d554
LP		 3966 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3967 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3968
3969 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3970 if (r < 0)
3971 return r;
3972
fefb7a6d 3973 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
8199d554
LP		 3974 if (l < 0)
3975 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3976 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3977 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3978 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
8199d554
LP		 3979 }
3980
4ad14eff
LP		 3981 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3982 if (r < 0)
3983 return r;
3984
03cfe0d5
LP		 3985 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3986 if (r < 0)
3987 return r;
3988
bbd407ea
DDM		 3989 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO &&
3990 !has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts)) {
64e82c19 3991 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3992 if (r < 0)
3993 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
3994 }
3995
0de7acce 3996 r = mount_all(directory,
4f086aab 3997 arg_mount_settings,
0de7acce 3998 arg_uid_shift,
0de7acce 3999 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4000 if (r < 0)
4001 return r;
4002
07fa00f9
LP		 4003 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
4004 if (r < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 4005 return r;
4006
de40a303
LP		 4007 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
4008 if (r < 0)
4009 return r;
4010
4011 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
e5f10caf 4012
9fac5029 4013 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host");
e5f10caf 4014 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(p, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
03cfe0d5 4015
613fb4b6
LP		 4016 r = setup_unix_export_host_inside(directory, unix_export_path);
4017 if (r < 0)
4018 return r;
4019
07fa00f9
LP		 4020 r = setup_pts(directory);
4021 if (r < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 4022 return r;
4023
e79581dd 4024 r = mount_tunnel_dig(directory);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4025 if (r < 0)
4026 return r;
4027
8e5430c4
LP		 4028 r = setup_keyring();
4029 if (r < 0)
4030 return r;
4031
3652872a
LP		 4032 r = setup_credentials(directory);
4033 if (r < 0)
4034 return r;
4035
2f893044
LP		 4036 r = bind_user_setup(bind_user_context, directory);
4037 if (r < 0)
4038 return r;
4039
5c4deb9a
MJ		 4040 r = mount_custom(
4041 directory,
4042 arg_custom_mounts,
4043 arg_n_custom_mounts,
4044 arg_uid_shift,
c0c8f718 4045 arg_uid_range,
5c4deb9a
MJ		 4046 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
4047 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY);
4048 if (r < 0)
4049 return r;
4050
03cfe0d5
LP		 4051 r = setup_timezone(directory);
4052 if (r < 0)
4053 return r;
4054
4055 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
4056 if (r < 0)
4057 return r;
4058
e01ff70a
MS		 4059 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
4060 if (r < 0)
4061 return r;
4062
03cfe0d5
LP		 4063 r = setup_journal(directory);
4064 if (r < 0)
4065 return r;
4066
0f48ba7b
LP		 4067 /* The same stuff as the $container env var, but nicely readable for the entire payload */
4068 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-manager");
05794f5c 4069 (void) write_string_file(p, arg_container_service_name, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444);
0f48ba7b
LP		 4070
4071 /* The same stuff as the $container_uuid env var */
4072 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-uuid");
05794f5c 4073 (void) write_string_filef(p, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_uuid));
0f48ba7b 4074
489fae52 4075 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
0996ef00
CB		 4076 r = mount_cgroups(
4077 directory,
4078 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
4079 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
4080 arg_uid_shift,
4081 arg_uid_range,
5a8ff0e6 4082 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
ada54120 4083 false);
0996ef00
CB		 4084 if (r < 0)
4085 return r;
4086 }
03cfe0d5 4087
57c10a56
CB		 4088 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is required to make new bind
4089 * mounts available in systemd services inside the container that create a new mount namespace. See
4090 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860 Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this
4091 * will inherit the shared propagation mode.
4092 *
4093 * IMPORTANT: Do not overmount the root directory anymore from now on to enable moving the root
4094 * directory mount to root later on.
4095 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3847#issuecomment-562735251
4096 */
9d50f850 4097 r = mount_switch_root(directory, MS_SHARED);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4098 if (r < 0)
4099 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
4100
e79581dd
CB		 4101 /* We finished setting up the rootfs which is a shared mount. The mount tunnel needs to be a
4102 * dependent mount otherwise we can't MS_MOVE mounts that were propagated from the host into
4103 * the container. */
4104 r = mount_tunnel_open();
4105 if (r < 0)
4106 return r;
4107
b71a0192
CB		 4108 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4109 /* In order to mount procfs and sysfs in an unprivileged container the kernel
4110 * requires that a fully visible instance is already present in the target mount
4111 * namespace. Mount one here so the inner child can mount its own instances. Later
4112 * we umount the temporary instances created here before we actually exec the
4113 * payload. Since the rootfs is shared the umount will propagate into the container.
4114 * Note, the inner child wouldn't be able to unmount the instances on its own since
4115 * it doesn't own the originating mount namespace. IOW, the outer child needs to do
4116 * this. */
4117 r = pin_fully_visible_fs();
4118 if (r < 0)
4119 return r;
4120 }
4121
e96ceaba 4122 fd = setup_notify_child();
9c1e04d0
AP		 4123 if (fd < 0)
4124 return fd;
4125
03cfe0d5 4126 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
0c582db0 4127 arg_clone_ns_flags |
8869a0b4 4128 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
03cfe0d5
LP		 4129 if (pid < 0)
4130 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
03cfe0d5 4131 if (pid == 0) {
af06cd30 4132 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
03cfe0d5 4133
2a2e78e9
LP		 4134 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are requested, so that we all are owned by the
4135 * user if user namespaces are turned on. */
03cfe0d5 4136
d7bea6b6 4137 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
d2881ef9
YW		 4138 r = namespace_enter(/* pidns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4139 /* mntns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4140 netns_fd,
4141 /* userns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4142 /* root_fd = */ -EBADF);
d7bea6b6 4143 if (r < 0)
e2d39e54 4144 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
d7bea6b6
DP		 4145 }
4146
11875a98 4147 r = inner_child(barrier, fd_inner_socket, fds, os_release_pairs);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4148 if (r < 0)
4149 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4150
4151 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4152 }
4153
af06cd30 4154 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4155 if (l < 0)
4156 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 4157 if (l != sizeof(pid))
4158 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4159 "Short write while sending PID.");
03cfe0d5 4160
af06cd30 4161 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
e01ff70a
MS		 4162 if (l < 0)
4163 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 4164 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4165 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4166 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
e01ff70a 4167
af06cd30 4168 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, fd, 0);
9c1e04d0 4169 if (l < 0)
ba72801d 4170 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
9c1e04d0 4171
af06cd30 4172 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
5d9d3fcb 4173 fd_inner_socket = safe_close(fd_inner_socket);
d7bea6b6 4174 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4175
4176 return 0;
4177}
4178
0e7ac751 4179static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
d381c8a6 4180 bool tried_hashed = false;
0e7ac751
LP		 4181 unsigned n_tries = 100;
4182 uid_t candidate;
4183 int r;
4184
4185 assert(shift);
4186 assert(ret_lock_file);
0de7acce 4187 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
0e7ac751
LP		 4188 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
4189
4190 candidate = *shift;
4191
4192 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
4193
4194 for (;;) {
fbd0b64f 4195 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
8e766630 4196 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
0e7ac751
LP		 4197
4198 if (--n_tries <= 0)
4199 return -EBUSY;
4200
87d5e4f2 4201 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
0e7ac751
LP		 4202 goto next;
4203 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
4204 goto next;
4205
4206 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
4207 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
4208 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
4209 goto next;
4210 if (r < 0)
4211 return r;
4212
4213 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
75673cd8 4214 if (getpwuid_malloc(candidate, /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4215 goto next;
75673cd8 4216 if (getpwuid_malloc(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE), /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4217 goto next;
75673cd8 4218 if (getgrgid_malloc(candidate, /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4219 goto next;
75673cd8 4220 if (getgrgid_malloc(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE), /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751
LP		 4221 goto next;
4222
4223 *ret_lock_file = lf;
4224 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4225 *shift = candidate;
4226 return 0;
4227
4228 next:
d381c8a6
LP		 4229 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
4230 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
4231
4232 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
4233 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
4234 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
4235 };
4236
4237 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
4238
4239 tried_hashed = true;
4240 } else
4241 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
4242
87d5e4f2 4243 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
0e7ac751
LP		 4244 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
4245 }
4246}
4247
2f893044
LP		 4248static int add_one_uid_map(
4249 char **p,
4250 uid_t container_uid,
4251 uid_t host_uid,
4252 uid_t range) {
4253
4254 return strextendf(p,
4255 UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n",
4256 container_uid, host_uid, range);
4257}
4258
4259static int make_uid_map_string(
4260 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4261 size_t n_bind_user_uid,
4262 size_t offset,
4263 char **ret) {
4264
4265 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4266 uid_t previous_uid = 0;
4267 int r;
4268
4269 assert(n_bind_user_uid == 0 || bind_user_uid);
2f092762 4270 assert(IN_SET(offset, 0, 2)); /* used to switch between UID and GID map */
2f893044
LP		 4271 assert(ret);
4272
4273 /* The bind_user_uid[] array is a series of 4 uid_t values, for each --bind-user= entry one
4274 * quadruplet, consisting of host and container UID + GID. */
4275
4276 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
05ab439a
YW		 4277 uid_t payload_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset],
4278 host_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset+1];
2f893044
LP		 4279
4280 assert(previous_uid <= payload_uid);
4281 assert(payload_uid < arg_uid_range);
4282
4283 /* Add a range to close the gap to previous entry */
4284 if (payload_uid > previous_uid) {
4285 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, payload_uid - previous_uid);
4286 if (r < 0)
4287 return r;
4288 }
4289
4290 /* Map this specific user */
4291 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, payload_uid, host_uid, 1);
4292 if (r < 0)
4293 return r;
4294
4295 previous_uid = payload_uid + 1;
4296 }
4297
4298 /* And add a range to close the gap to finish the range */
4299 if (arg_uid_range > previous_uid) {
4300 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, arg_uid_range - previous_uid);
4301 if (r < 0)
4302 return r;
4303 }
4304
4305 assert(s);
4306
4307 *ret = TAKE_PTR(s);
4308 return 0;
4309}
4310
4311static int setup_uid_map(
4312 pid_t pid,
4313 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4314 size_t n_bind_user_uid) {
4315
4316 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4317 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
03cfe0d5
LP		 4318 int r;
4319
4320 assert(pid > 1);
4321
2f893044
LP		 4322 /* Build the UID map string */
4323 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 0, &s) < 0) /* offset=0 contains the UID pair */
4324 return log_oom();
4325
03cfe0d5 4326 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
2f893044 4327 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4328 if (r < 0)
4329 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
4330
2f893044
LP		 4331 /* And now build the GID map string */
4332 s = mfree(s);
4333 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 2, &s) < 0) /* offset=2 contains the GID pair */
4334 return log_oom();
4335
03cfe0d5 4336 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
2f893044 4337 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4338 if (r < 0)
4339 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
4340
4341 return 0;
4342}
4343
9c1e04d0 4344static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
9c1e04d0
AP		 4345 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
4346 char *p = NULL;
4347 struct iovec iovec = {
4348 .iov_base = buf,
4349 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
4350 };
fb29cdbe
LP		 4351 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
4352 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4353 struct msghdr msghdr = {
4354 .msg_iov = &iovec,
4355 .msg_iovlen = 1,
4356 .msg_control = &control,
4357 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
4358 };
371d72e0 4359 struct ucred *ucred;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4360 ssize_t n;
4361 pid_t inner_child_pid;
4362 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
4bf4f50f 4363 int r;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4364
4365 assert(userdata);
4366
4367 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
4368
4369 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
4370 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
4371 return 0;
4372 }
4373
3691bcf3 4374 n = recvmsg_safe(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 4375 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_TRANSIENT(n))
4376 return 0;
4377 else if (n == -EXFULL) {
4378 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
4379 return 0;
4380 } else if (n < 0)
3691bcf3 4381 return log_warning_errno(n, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
9c1e04d0 4382
9c1e04d0
AP		 4383 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
4384
371d72e0 4385 ucred = CMSG_FIND_DATA(&msghdr, SOL_SOCKET, SCM_CREDENTIALS, struct ucred);
9c1e04d0 4386 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
8cb57430 4387 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
9c1e04d0
AP		 4388 return 0;
4389 }
4390
4391 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
4392 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
4393 return 0;
4394 }
4395
4396 buf[n] = 0;
4397 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
4398 if (!tags)
4399 return log_oom();
4400
d29cc4d6 4401 if (strv_contains(tags, "READY=1")) {
d4341b76 4402 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4bf4f50f
ZJS		 4403 if (r < 0)
4404 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
4405 }
9c1e04d0
AP		 4406
4407 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
4408 if (p)
04f590a4 4409 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
9c1e04d0
AP		 4410
4411 return 0;
4412}
4413
e96ceaba 4414static int setup_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
9c1e04d0 4415 int r;
9c1e04d0 4416
5773024d 4417 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
9c1e04d0
AP		 4418 if (r < 0)
4419 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
4420
5773024d 4421 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
9c1e04d0
AP		 4422
4423 return 0;
4424}
4425
5d961407
LP		 4426static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
4427 int rl;
f757855e 4428
5d961407
LP		 4429 assert(settings);
4430 assert(path);
f757855e 4431
5d961407
LP		 4432 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
4433 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
f757855e 4434
7732f92b
LP		 4435 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
4436 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
4437 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
130d3d22 4438 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
f757855e
LP		 4439 }
4440
d3689b94
LP		 4441 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0 &&
4442 settings->ephemeral >= 0)
a2f577fc
JL		 4443 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
4444
de40a303
LP		 4445 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4446 settings->root) {
4447
4448 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4449 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4450 else
4451 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
4452 }
4453
b53ede69
PW		 4454 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
4455 settings->pivot_root_new) {
4456 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
4457 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
4458 }
4459
5f932eb9 4460 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
1cc6c93a
YW		 4461 settings->working_directory)
4462 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
5f932eb9 4463
f757855e 4464 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
130d3d22
YW		 4465 settings->environment)
4466 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
f757855e 4467
de40a303
LP		 4468 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
4469
4470 if (settings->user)
4471 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
4472
4473 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
4474 arg_uid = settings->uid;
4475 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
4476 arg_gid = settings->gid;
4477 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
4478 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
4479 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
4480 }
4481 }
f757855e
LP		 4482
4483 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
a3fc6b55 4484 uint64_t plus, minus;
7be830c6 4485 uint64_t network_minus = 0;
88fc9c9b 4486 uint64_t ambient;
f757855e 4487
de40a303
LP		 4488 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
4489 * Settings structure */
4490
0e265674 4491 plus = settings->capability;
a3fc6b55
LP		 4492 minus = settings->drop_capability;
4493
9baa294c
LP		 4494 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4495 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
a3fc6b55
LP		 4496 if (settings_private_network(settings))
4497 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4498 else
7be830c6 4499 network_minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
a3fc6b55 4500 }
0e265674
LP		 4501
4502 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
4503 if (settings->capability != 0)
5d961407 4504 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
7be830c6
TH		 4505 } else {
4506 arg_caps_retain &= ~network_minus;
520e0d54 4507 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
7be830c6 4508 }
f757855e 4509
a3fc6b55 4510 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
de40a303
LP		 4511
4512 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
4513 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
4514 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5238e957 4515 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
de40a303
LP		 4516 else
4517 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
4518 }
88fc9c9b
TH		 4519
4520 ambient = settings->ambient_capability;
4521 if (!arg_settings_trusted && ambient != 0)
4522 log_warning("Ignoring AmbientCapability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4523 else
4524 arg_caps_ambient |= ambient;
f757855e
LP		 4525 }
4526
4527 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
4528 settings->kill_signal > 0)
4529 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
4530
4531 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
4532 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
4533 arg_personality = settings->personality;
4534
4535 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
4536 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
4537
4538 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4539 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4540 else
4541 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
4542 }
4543
4544 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
4545 settings->read_only >= 0)
4546 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
4547
4548 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
4549 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
4550 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
4551
4552 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
4553 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
4554
4555 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4556 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4557 else {
4558 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
1cc6c93a 4559 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
f757855e 4560 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
f757855e
LP		 4561 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
4562 }
4563 }
4564
4565 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
a1dfd585 4566 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
f757855e
LP		 4567
4568 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4569 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e 4570 else {
f6d6bad1 4571 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
0e265674
LP		 4572 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
4573
130d3d22
YW		 4574 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
4575 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
4576 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
4577 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
f6d6bad1 4578
1cc6c93a
YW		 4579 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
4580 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
de40a303
LP		 4581
4582 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
f757855e
LP		 4583 }
4584 }
4585
4586 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
4587 settings->expose_ports) {
4588
4589 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4590 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4591 else {
4592 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
1cc6c93a 4593 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
f757855e
LP		 4594 }
4595 }
4596
0de7acce
LP		 4597 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
4598 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
4599
4600 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4601 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
0de7acce
LP		 4602 else {
4603 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
4604 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
4605 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
6c045a99 4606 arg_userns_ownership = settings->userns_ownership;
0de7acce
LP		 4607 }
4608 }
4609
0cc3c9f9
LP		 4610 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_BIND_USER) == 0 &&
4611 !strv_isempty(settings->bind_user))
2f893044
LP		 4612 strv_free_and_replace(arg_bind_user, settings->bind_user);
4613
d3689b94
LP		 4614 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0 &&
4615 settings->notify_ready >= 0)
9c1e04d0
AP		 4616 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
4617
960e4569
LP		 4618 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
4619
2d09ea44
LP		 4620 if (!strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list) || !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_deny_list)) {
4621 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list))
4622 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4623 else {
4624 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_allow_list, settings->syscall_allow_list);
4625 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_deny_list, settings->syscall_deny_list);
4626 }
960e4569 4627 }
de40a303
LP		 4628
4629#if HAVE_SECCOMP
2d09ea44
LP		 4630 if (settings->seccomp) {
4631 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4632 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4633 else {
4634 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
4635 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
4636 }
de40a303
LP		 4637 }
4638#endif
960e4569
LP		 4639 }
4640
b3a9d980 4641 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
bf428efb
LP		 4642 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
4643 continue;
4644
4645 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
4646 continue;
4647
4648 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
5d961407 4649 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
bf428efb
LP		 4650 continue;
4651 }
4652
4653 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
4654 }
4655
3a9530e5
LP		 4656 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
4657 settings->hostname)
4658 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
4659
66edd963
LP		 4660 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
4661 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
4662 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
4663
81f345df
LP		 4664 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
4665 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
4666
4667 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4668 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
81f345df
LP		 4669 else {
4670 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
4671 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
4672 }
4673 }
4674
d107bb7d 4675 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
0985c7c4 4676 settings->cpu_set.set) {
d107bb7d
LP		 4677
4678 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4679 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
d107bb7d 4680 else {
0985c7c4 4681 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
088d71f8 4682 arg_cpu_set = TAKE_STRUCT(settings->cpu_set);
d107bb7d
LP		 4683 }
4684 }
4685
09d423e9
LP		 4686 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
4687 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
4688 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
4689
4e1d6aa9
LP		 4690 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
4691 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
4692
4693 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4694 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4695 else {
4696 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
4697 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
4698 }
4699 }
4700
1688841f
LP		 4701 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
4702 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
4703 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
4704
de40a303
LP		 4705 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
4706 settings->slice) {
4707
4708 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4709 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4710 else
4711 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
4712 }
4713
4714 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
4715 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
4716
4717 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4718 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4719 else
4720 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
4721 }
4722
4723 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
f5fbe71d 4724 settings->clone_ns_flags != ULONG_MAX) {
de40a303
LP		 4725
4726 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4727 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4728 else
4729 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
4730 }
4731
4732 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
4733 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
4734
4735 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4736 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4737 else
4738 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
4739 }
4740
d3689b94
LP		 4741 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC) == 0 &&
4742 settings->suppress_sync >= 0)
4a4654e0
LP		 4743 arg_suppress_sync = settings->suppress_sync;
4744
de40a303
LP		 4745 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
4746 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
4747
4748 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
4749 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
4750
4751 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
4752 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
4753
b2645747 4754 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
de40a303
LP		 4755 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
4756 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
825210d4 4757 settings->n_extra_nodes = 0;
de40a303 4758
f757855e
LP		 4759 return 0;
4760}
4761
5d961407
LP		 4762static int load_settings(void) {
4763 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4764 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
3603f151 4765 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
5d961407
LP		 4766 int r;
4767
de40a303
LP		 4768 if (arg_oci_bundle)
4769 return 0;
4770
5d961407
LP		 4771 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
4772 * the settings file */
d7a0f1f4 4773 if (FLAGS_SET(arg_settings_mask, _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL))
5d961407
LP		 4774 return 0;
4775
5d961407
LP		 4776 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
4777 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
4778 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
4779
3603f151 4780 j = path_join(i, arg_settings_filename);
5d961407
LP		 4781 if (!j)
4782 return log_oom();
4783
4784 f = fopen(j, "re");
4785 if (f) {
4786 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
4787
4788 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
4789 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4790 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4791
4792 break;
4793 }
4794
4795 if (errno != ENOENT)
4796 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4797 }
4798
4799 if (!f) {
4800 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4801 * actual image we shall boot. */
4802
4803 if (arg_image) {
162f6477
LP		 4804 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4805 if (r < 0)
4806 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from image path: %m");
4807 } else if (arg_directory) {
4808 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4809 if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL) /* if directory is root fs, don't complain */
4810 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from directory path: %m");
5d961407
LP		 4811 }
4812
4813 if (p) {
4814 f = fopen(p, "re");
4815 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4816 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4817
4818 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4819 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4820 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4821 }
4822 }
4823
4824 if (!f)
4825 return 0;
4826
4827 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4828
4829 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4830 if (r < 0)
4831 return r;
4832
4833 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4834}
4835
de40a303
LP		 4836static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4837 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4838 int r;
4839
4840 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4841 return 0;
4842
4843 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4844 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4845 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4846
4847 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4848 if (r < 0)
4849 return r;
4850
4851 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4852}
4853
3acc84eb 4854static int run_container(
2d845785 4855 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
b0067625
ZJS		 4856 FDSet *fds,
4857 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
761cf19d 4858 struct ExposeArgs *expose_args,
3acc84eb 4859 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
b0067625
ZJS		 4860
4861 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4862 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
e28c7cd0 4863 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
b0067625
ZJS		 4864 };
4865
8e766630 4866 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
5bb1d7fb 4867 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -EBADF;
b0067625 4868 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
71136404
LP		 4869 fd_inner_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR,
4870 fd_outer_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR;
8199d554 4871
5bb1d7fb 4872 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF, fd_kmsg_fifo = -EBADF;
b0067625 4873 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
5773024d 4874 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
613fb4b6 4875 _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *unix_export_host_dir = NULL;
b0067625
ZJS		 4876 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4877 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4878 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
abdb9b08 4879 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
2f893044
LP		 4880 _cleanup_free_ uid_t *bind_user_uid = NULL;
4881 size_t n_bind_user_uid = 0;
b0067625 4882 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
b0067625
ZJS		 4883 int ifi = 0, r;
4884 ssize_t l;
4885 sigset_t mask_chld;
254d1313 4886 _cleanup_close_ int child_netns_fd = -EBADF;
b0067625
ZJS		 4887
4888 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4889 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4890
613fb4b6
LP		 4891 /* Set up the unix export host directory on the host first */
4892 r = setup_unix_export_dir_outside(&unix_export_host_dir);
4893 if (r < 0)
4894 return r;
4895
b0067625
ZJS		 4896 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4897 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4898 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4899 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4900 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4901 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4902 * really ours. */
4903
4904 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4905 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4906 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4907 }
4908
4909 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4910 if (r < 0)
4911 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4912
5d9d3fcb
CB		 4913 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_inner_socket_pair) < 0)
4914 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inner socket pair: %m");
4915
af06cd30
CB		 4916 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_outer_socket_pair) < 0)
4917 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create outer socket pair: %m");
b0067625 4918
b0067625
ZJS		 4919 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4920 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4921 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4922 if (r < 0)
4923 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4924
4925 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4926 if (r < 0)
4927 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4928
d7bea6b6 4929 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
5b4855ab
DDM		 4930 child_netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4931 if (child_netns_fd < 0)
d7bea6b6
DP		 4932 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4933
54c2459d 4934 r = fd_is_ns(child_netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET);
6619ad88
LP		 4935 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4936 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4937 else if (r < 0)
d7bea6b6 4938 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
c6147113
LP		 4939 else if (r == 0)
4940 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4941 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
d7bea6b6
DP		 4942 }
4943
b0067625
ZJS		 4944 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4945 if (*pid < 0)
4946 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4947 errno == EINVAL ?
4948 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4949
4950 if (*pid == 0) {
4951 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4952 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4953
5d9d3fcb 4954 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
af06cd30 4955 fd_outer_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[0]);
b0067625
ZJS		 4956
4957 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4958 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4959
4960 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4961 arg_directory,
2d845785 4962 dissected_image,
af06cd30 4963 fd_outer_socket_pair[1],
5d9d3fcb 4964 fd_inner_socket_pair[1],
d7bea6b6 4965 fds,
613fb4b6
LP		 4966 child_netns_fd,
4967 unix_export_host_dir);
b0067625
ZJS		 4968 if (r < 0)
4969 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4970
4971 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4972 }
4973
4974 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4975
e4077ff6 4976 fdset_close(fds);
b0067625 4977
5d9d3fcb 4978 fd_inner_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[1]);
af06cd30 4979 fd_outer_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[1]);
b0067625
ZJS		 4980
4981 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
af06cd30 4982 mntns_fd = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
b71a0192
CB		 4983 if (mntns_fd < 0)
4984 return log_error_errno(mntns_fd, "Failed to receive mount namespace fd from outer child: %m");
4985
b0067625 4986 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
af06cd30 4987 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 4988 if (l < 0)
4989 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
c6147113
LP		 4990 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4991 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
b0067625
ZJS		 4992
4993 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4994 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
4995 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
4996 * which one we now picked. */
4997
4998 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
4999 if (r < 0)
5000 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
5001
af06cd30 5002 l = send(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
b0067625
ZJS		 5003 if (l < 0)
5004 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5005 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
5006 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
b0067625 5007 }
2f893044
LP		 5008
5009 n_bind_user_uid = strv_length(arg_bind_user);
5010 if (n_bind_user_uid > 0) {
5011 /* Right after the UID shift, we'll receive the list of UID mappings for the
5012 * --bind-user= logic. Always a quadruplet of payload and host UID + GID. */
5013
5014 bind_user_uid = new(uid_t, n_bind_user_uid*4);
5015 if (!bind_user_uid)
5016 return log_oom();
5017
5018 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
af06cd30 5019 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], bind_user_uid + i*4, sizeof(uid_t)*4, 0);
2f893044
LP		 5020 if (l < 0)
5021 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read user UID map pair: %m");
5022 if (l != sizeof(uid_t)*4)
5023 return log_full_errno(l == 0 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
5024 SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
5025 "Short read while reading bind user UID pairs.");
5026 }
5027 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5028 }
5029
8199d554
LP		 5030 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
5031 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
fefb7a6d 5032 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
8199d554
LP		 5033 if (l < 0)
5034 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
c6147113 5035 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
c0f86d66 5036 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zi bytes).%s",
c6147113 5037 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
8199d554
LP		 5038 }
5039
b0067625 5040 /* Wait for the outer child. */
d2e0ac3d
LP		 5041 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
5042 if (r < 0)
5043 return r;
5044 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
5045 return -EIO;
b0067625
ZJS		 5046
5047 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
af06cd30 5048 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5049 if (l < 0)
5050 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5051 if (l != sizeof *pid)
5052 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
b0067625
ZJS		 5053
5054 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
af06cd30 5055 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5056 if (l < 0)
5057 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5058 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
5059 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
b0067625
ZJS		 5060
5061 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
af06cd30 5062 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5063 if (notify_socket < 0)
5064 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
5065 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
5066
5067 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
5068
5069 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
c6147113
LP		 5070 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
5071 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
b0067625 5072
2f893044 5073 r = setup_uid_map(*pid, bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid);
b0067625
ZJS		 5074 if (r < 0)
5075 return r;
5076
5077 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
5078 }
5079
5080 if (arg_private_network) {
75116558
PS		 5081 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
5082 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
c6147113
LP		 5083 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
5084 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
75116558
PS		 5085 }
5086
5b4855ab
DDM		 5087 if (child_netns_fd < 0) {
5088 /* Make sure we have an open file descriptor to the child's network
5089 * namespace so it stays alive even if the child exits. */
d2881ef9
YW		 5090 r = namespace_open(*pid,
5091 /* ret_pidns_fd = */ NULL,
5092 /* ret_mntns_fd = */ NULL,
5093 &child_netns_fd,
5094 /* ret_userns_fd = */ NULL,
5095 /* ret_root_fd = */ NULL);
5b4855ab
DDM		 5096 if (r < 0)
5097 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open child network namespace: %m");
5098 }
5099
5100 r = move_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
b0067625
ZJS		 5101 if (r < 0)
5102 return r;
5103
5104 if (arg_network_veth) {
5105 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
813dbff4 5106 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone, &arg_network_provided_mac);
b0067625
ZJS		 5107 if (r < 0)
5108 return r;
5109 else if (r > 0)
5110 ifi = r;
5111
5112 if (arg_network_bridge) {
5113 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
5114 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
5115 if (r < 0)
5116 return r;
5117 if (r > 0)
5118 ifi = r;
5119 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
5120 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
5121 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
5122 if (r < 0)
5123 return r;
5124 if (r > 0)
5125 ifi = r;
5126 }
5127 }
5128
5129 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
5130 if (r < 0)
5131 return r;
5132
5133 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
5134 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
5135 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
5136 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
5137 *veth_created = true;
5138
5139 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
5140 if (r < 0)
5141 return r;
5142
5143 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
5144 if (r < 0)
5145 return r;
5146 }
5147
abdb9b08
LP		 5148 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
5149 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
5150 if (r < 0)
5151 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
e5a2d8b5
LP		 5152
5153 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
5154 if (r < 0)
5155 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
abdb9b08
LP		 5156 }
5157
5158 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5159 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
5160 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
5161 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
5162
75152a4d
LP		 5163 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
5164 bus,
5165 NULL,
5166 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
5167 NULL,
5168 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
5169 "RequestStop",
5170 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
abdb9b08 5171 if (r < 0)
75152a4d 5172 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
abdb9b08
LP		 5173 }
5174
b0067625
ZJS		 5175 if (arg_register) {
5176 r = register_machine(
abdb9b08 5177 bus,
b0067625
ZJS		 5178 arg_machine,
5179 *pid,
5180 arg_directory,
5181 arg_uuid,
5182 ifi,
5183 arg_slice,
5184 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5185 arg_kill_signal,
5186 arg_property,
de40a303 5187 arg_property_message,
b0067625 5188 arg_keep_unit,
411d8c72
NR		 5189 arg_container_service_name,
5190 arg_start_mode);
b0067625
ZJS		 5191 if (r < 0)
5192 return r;
abdb9b08 5193
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5194 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5195 r = allocate_scope(
abdb9b08 5196 bus,
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5197 arg_machine,
5198 *pid,
5199 arg_slice,
5200 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5201 arg_kill_signal,
de40a303 5202 arg_property,
7eda208f 5203 arg_property_message,
411d8c72
NR		 5204 /* allow_pidfds= */ true,
5205 arg_start_mode);
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5206 if (r < 0)
5207 return r;
5208
5209 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
5210 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
b0067625 5211
27da7ef0 5212 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
b0067625
ZJS		 5213 if (r < 0)
5214 return r;
5215
27da7ef0 5216 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
720f0a2f
LP		 5217 if (r < 0)
5218 return r;
b0067625 5219
de54e02d 5220 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
b0067625
ZJS		 5221 if (r < 0)
5222 return r;
5223
5224 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
5225 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
5226 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
5227 * run inside the container. */
75116558 5228 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
b0067625
ZJS		 5229
5230 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
5231 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
5232 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
5233
5234 /* Reset signal to default */
9c274488 5235 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD);
b0067625
ZJS		 5236 if (r < 0)
5237 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
5238
5239 r = sd_event_new(&event);
5240 if (r < 0)
5241 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
5242
8fd010bb
LP		 5243 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
5244
abdb9b08
LP		 5245 if (bus) {
5246 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
5247 if (r < 0)
5248 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
5249 }
5250
e96ceaba 5251 r = setup_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
b0067625
ZJS		 5252 if (r < 0)
5253 return r;
5254
1a8d7814
LP		 5255 /* Wait that the child is completely ready now, and has mounted their own copies of procfs and so on,
5256 * before we take the fully visible instances away. */
5257 if (!barrier_sync(&barrier)) /* #5.1 */
5258 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5259
b71a0192
CB		 5260 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
5261 r = wipe_fully_visible_fs(mntns_fd);
5262 if (r < 0)
5263 return r;
5264 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
5265 }
5266
1a8d7814
LP		 5267 /* And now let the child know that we completed removing the procfs instances, and it can start the
5268 * payload. */
5269 if (!barrier_place(&barrier)) /* #5.2 */
c6147113 5270 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
b0067625 5271
38ccb557 5272 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-systemd/systemd-machined.service
b0067625
ZJS		 5273 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
5274 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
5275
04f590a4
LP		 5276 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
5277 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
5278 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
4bf4f50f
ZJS		 5279 if (!arg_notify_ready) {
5280 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
5281 if (r < 0)
5282 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
5283 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5284
5285 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
5286 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
919f5ae0
LP		 5287 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5288 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
b0067625
ZJS		 5289 } else {
5290 /* Immediately exit */
919f5ae0
LP		 5291 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
5292 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
b0067625
ZJS		 5293 }
5294
988851b6
LP		 5295 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGRTMIN+18, sigrtmin18_handler, NULL);
5296
5297 r = sd_event_add_memory_pressure(event, NULL, NULL, NULL);
5298 if (r < 0)
5299 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed allocate memory pressure event source, ignoring: %m");
5300
6916b164 5301 /* Exit when the child exits */
919f5ae0 5302 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
b0067625 5303
b07ee903
CB		 5304 /* Retrieve the kmsg fifo allocated by inner child */
5305 fd_kmsg_fifo = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5306 if (fd_kmsg_fifo < 0)
5307 return log_error_errno(fd_kmsg_fifo, "Failed to receive kmsg fifo from inner child: %m");
5308
b0067625 5309 if (arg_expose_ports) {
b07ee903 5310 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, fd_inner_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, expose_args, &rtnl);
b0067625
ZJS		 5311 if (r < 0)
5312 return r;
5313
deff68e7
FW		 5314 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5315 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
b0067625
ZJS		 5316 }
5317
3acc84eb 5318 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
254d1313 5319 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3acc84eb 5320 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
de40a303 5321
3acc84eb 5322 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
bb1aa185 5323 fd = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
3acc84eb
FB		 5324 if (fd < 0)
5325 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
5326
5327 switch (arg_console_mode) {
de40a303 5328
3acc84eb
FB		 5329 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
5330 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
5331
5332 _fallthrough_;
5333
5334 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
5335 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
5336
5337 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
5338 if (r < 0)
5339 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
5340
f5fbe71d 5341 if (arg_console_width != UINT_MAX || arg_console_height != UINT_MAX)
3acc84eb
FB		 5342 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(forward,
5343 arg_console_width,
5344 arg_console_height);
5345 break;
5346
5347 default:
5348 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
5349 }
5350
5351 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
de40a303 5352 }
b0067625 5353
5d9d3fcb
CB		 5354 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
5355
b0067625
ZJS		 5356 r = sd_event_loop(event);
5357 if (r < 0)
5358 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
5359
de40a303
LP		 5360 if (forward) {
5361 char last_char = 0;
b0067625 5362
de40a303
LP		 5363 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
5364 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
b0067625 5365
de40a303
LP		 5366 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
5367 putc('\n', stdout);
5368 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5369
5370 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
0bb0a9fa
ZJS		 5371 if (!arg_register && !arg_keep_unit && bus)
5372 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
b0067625
ZJS		 5373
5374 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
c67b0082 5375 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
b0067625 5376
5d9d3fcb
CB		 5377 fd_kmsg_fifo = safe_close(fd_kmsg_fifo);
5378
5b4855ab 5379 if (arg_private_network) {
cdd9988e 5380 r = move_back_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
5b4855ab
DDM		 5381 if (r < 0)
5382 return r;
5b4855ab
DDM		 5383 }
5384
8f03de53 5385 r = wait_for_container(TAKE_PID(*pid), &container_status);
b0067625 5386
0bb0a9fa
ZJS		 5387 /* Tell machined that we are gone. */
5388 if (bus)
5389 (void) unregister_machine(bus, arg_machine);
5390
b0067625
ZJS		 5391 if (r < 0)
5392 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
5393 return r;
5394 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
27e29a1e
ZJS		 5395 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
5396 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
5397 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
5398 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
5399 */
2a49b612 5400 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
27e29a1e 5401 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
b0067625 5402 *ret = r;
b0067625
ZJS		 5403 return 0; /* finito */
5404 }
5405
5406 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
5407
5408 if (arg_keep_unit) {
5409 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
5410 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
5411 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
5412 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
5413 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
5414 * set we want to have flushed out. */
2a49b612
ZJS		 5415 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
5416 return 0; /* finito */
b0067625
ZJS		 5417 }
5418
deff68e7
FW		 5419 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5420 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
b0067625
ZJS		 5421
5422 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5423 *veth_created = false;
5424 return 1; /* loop again */
5425}
5426
bf428efb 5427static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
852b6250 5428 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 5.16. Let's pass our container payload
bf428efb
LP		 5429 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
5430 * container execution environments. */
5431
5432 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
852b6250
LP		 5433 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5434 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
5435 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5436 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5437 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5438 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5439 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK },
5440 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
5441 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
5442 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
5443 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5444 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
5445 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5446 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
bf428efb
LP		 5447
5448 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
5449 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
5450 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
5451 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
5452 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
5453 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
5454 };
5455
21c43631 5456 int rl, r;
bf428efb
LP		 5457
5458 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
bf428efb
LP		 5459 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
5460 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
5461 const struct rlimit *v;
5462 struct rlimit buffer;
5463
5464 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
5465 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
5466
21c43631
LP		 5467 r = pid_getrlimit(1, rl, &buffer);
5468 if (r < 0)
5469 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
bf428efb 5470
dbf1aca6
LP		 5471 v = &buffer;
5472 } else if (rl == RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
5473 /* We nowadays bump RLIMIT_NOFILE's hard limit early in PID 1 for all
5474 * userspace. Given that nspawn containers are often run without our PID 1,
5475 * let's grant the containers a raised RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit by default,
5476 * so that container userspace gets similar resources as host userspace
5477 * gets. */
5478 buffer = kernel_defaults[rl];
5479 buffer.rlim_max = MIN((rlim_t) read_nr_open(), (rlim_t) HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);
bf428efb
LP		 5480 v = &buffer;
5481 } else
5482 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
5483
5484 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
5485 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
5486 return log_oom();
5487 }
5488
5489 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
5490 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
5491
5492 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
5493 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
5494 }
5495 }
5496
5497 return 0;
5498}
5499
287b7376 5500static int cant_be_in_netns(void) {
254d1313 5501 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
287b7376
LP		 5502 struct ucred ucred;
5503 int r;
5504
5505 /* Check if we are in the same netns as udev. If we aren't, then device monitoring (and thus waiting
5506 * for loopback block devices) won't work, and we will hang. Detect this case and exit early with a
5507 * nice message. */
5508
5509 if (!arg_image) /* only matters if --image= us used, i.e. we actually need to use loopback devices */
5510 return 0;
5511
5512 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5513 if (fd < 0)
5514 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate udev control socket: %m");
5515
1861986a 5516 r = connect_unix_path(fd, AT_FDCWD, "/run/udev/control");
bb44fd07
ZJS		 5517 if (r == -ENOENT || ERRNO_IS_NEG_DISCONNECT(r))
5518 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5519 "Sorry, but --image= requires access to the host's /run/ hierarchy, since we need access to udev.");
5520 if (r < 0)
1861986a 5521 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect socket to udev control socket: %m");
287b7376
LP		 5522
5523 r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
5524 if (r < 0)
5525 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine peer of udev control socket: %m");
5526
f7a2dc3d 5527 r = in_same_namespace(ucred.pid, 0, NAMESPACE_NET);
287b7376 5528 if (r < 0)
f7a2dc3d
CB		 5529 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine network namespace of udev: %m");
5530 if (r == 0)
287b7376
LP		 5531 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5532 "Sorry, but --image= is only supported in the main network namespace, since we need access to udev/AF_NETLINK.");
5533 return 0;
5534}
5535
44dbef90 5536static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4c27749b 5537 bool remove_directory = false, remove_image = false, veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
5bb1d7fb 5538 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
03cfe0d5 5539 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
2d845785 5540 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5aa3eba5 5541 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
761cf19d 5542 struct ExposeArgs expose_args = {};
8e766630 5543 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
c67b0082 5544 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
2d845785 5545 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
18b5886e 5546 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
761cf19d 5547 _cleanup_(fw_ctx_freep) FirewallContext *fw_ctx = NULL;
7bf011e3 5548 pid_t pid = 0;
03cfe0d5
LP		 5549
5550 log_parse_environment();
5551 log_open();
415fc41c 5552
03cfe0d5
LP		 5553 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5554 if (r <= 0)
5555 goto finish;
5556
38ee19c0
ZJS		 5557 if (geteuid() != 0) {
5558 r = log_warning_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
5559 argc >= 2 ? "Need to be root." :
5560 "Need to be root (and some arguments are usually required).\nHint: try --help");
03cfe0d5 5561 goto finish;
38ee19c0 5562 }
fba868fa 5563
287b7376
LP		 5564 r = cant_be_in_netns();
5565 if (r < 0)
5566 goto finish;
5567
bf428efb
LP		 5568 r = initialize_rlimits();
5569 if (r < 0)
5570 goto finish;
5571
de40a303
LP		 5572 r = load_oci_bundle();
5573 if (r < 0)
5574 goto finish;
5575
300a03be
LP		 5576 r = pick_paths();
5577 if (r < 0)
5578 goto finish;
5579
f757855e
LP		 5580 r = determine_names();
5581 if (r < 0)
5582 goto finish;
5583
5584 r = load_settings();
5585 if (r < 0)
5586 goto finish;
5587
dd78141c
DDM		 5588 /* If we're not unsharing the network namespace and are unsharing the user namespace, we won't have
5589 * permissions to bind ports in the container, so let's drop the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability to
5590 * indicate that. */
5591 if (!arg_private_network && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && arg_uid_shift > 0)
5592 arg_caps_retain &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE);
5593
d4d99bc6 5594 r = cg_unified();
5eee8290
LP		 5595 if (r < 0) {
5596 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
5597 goto finish;
5598 }
5599
f757855e
LP		 5600 r = verify_arguments();
5601 if (r < 0)
5602 goto finish;
03cfe0d5 5603
2f091b1b
TM		 5604 r = verify_network_interfaces_initialized();
5605 if (r < 0)
5606 goto finish;
5607
49048684
ZJS		 5608 /* Reapply environment settings. */
5609 (void) detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
8199d554 5610
2949ff26
LP		 5611 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
5612 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
5613 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
9c274488 5614 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE);
2949ff26 5615
03cfe0d5
LP		 5616 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
5617 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
5618 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
5619 if (r < 0) {
5620 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
5621 goto finish;
5622 }
5623 }
5624
83e803a9
ZJS		 5625 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
5626 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
5627 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
5628 umask(0022);
5629
03cfe0d5
LP		 5630 if (arg_directory) {
5631 assert(!arg_image);
5632
b35ca61a
LP		 5633 /* Safety precaution: let's not allow running images from the live host OS image, as long as
5634 * /var from the host will propagate into container dynamically (because bad things happen if
5635 * two systems write to the same /var). Let's allow it for the special cases where /var is
5636 * either copied (i.e. --ephemeral) or replaced (i.e. --volatile=yes|state). */
5637 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !(arg_ephemeral || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_STATE))) {
1406bd66
LP		 5638 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5639 "Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral, --volatile=yes or --volatile=state.");
03cfe0d5
LP		 5640 goto finish;
5641 }
5642
5643 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5644 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5645
f461a28d 5646 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5647 if (r < 0)
5648 goto finish;
5649
7bf011e3
LP		 5650 /* If the specified path is a mount point we generate the new snapshot immediately
5651 * inside it under a random name. However if the specified is not a mount point we
5652 * create the new snapshot in the parent directory, just next to it. */
e1873695 5653 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, NULL, 0);
03cfe0d5
LP		 5654 if (r < 0) {
5655 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
5656 goto finish;
5657 }
5658 if (r > 0)
770b5ce4 5659 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
03cfe0d5 5660 else
770b5ce4 5661 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
03cfe0d5 5662 if (r < 0) {
0f3be6ca 5663 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 5664 goto finish;
5665 }
5666
6992459c 5667 /* We take an exclusive lock on this image, since it's our private, ephemeral copy
162392b7 5668 * only owned by us and no one else. */
6992459c 5669 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
03cfe0d5
LP		 5670 if (r < 0) {
5671 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
5672 goto finish;
5673 }
5674
7bf011e3
LP		 5675 {
5676 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
fab4ef72
DDM		 5677 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_directory, AT_FDCWD, np,
5678 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5679 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5680 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5681 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5682 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5683 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
7bf011e3
LP		 5684 }
5685 if (r == -EINTR) {
5686 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", np);
5687 goto finish;
5688 }
03cfe0d5
LP		 5689 if (r < 0) {
5690 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
5691 goto finish;
ec16945e
LP		 5692 }
5693
1cc6c93a 5694 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
17cbb288 5695 remove_directory = true;
30535c16 5696 } else {
f461a28d 5697 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
8d4aa2bb
LP		 5698 if (r < 0)
5699 goto finish;
5700
30535c16
LP		 5701 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5702 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5703 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
5704 goto finish;
5705 }
5706 if (r < 0) {
5707 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
476b8254 5708 goto finish;
30535c16
LP		 5709 }
5710
5711 if (arg_template) {
f461a28d 5712 r = chase_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5713 if (r < 0)
5714 goto finish;
5715
7bf011e3
LP		 5716 {
5717 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
fab4ef72
DDM		 5718 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_template, AT_FDCWD, arg_directory,
5719 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5720 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5721 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5722 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
5723 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5724 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5725 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
7bf011e3 5726 }
ff6c6cc1
LP		 5727 if (r == -EEXIST)
5728 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5729 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
7bf011e3
LP		 5730 else if (r == -EINTR) {
5731 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", arg_directory);
5732 goto finish;
5733 } else if (r < 0) {
83521414 5734 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
30535c16 5735 goto finish;
ff6c6cc1
LP		 5736 } else
5737 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5738 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
30535c16 5739 }
ec16945e
LP		 5740 }
5741
7732f92b 5742 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
aff7ae0d 5743 _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
a5201ed6 5744 const char *p;
d4317fe1 5745 int check_os_release, is_os_tree;
c9fe05e0 5746
aff7ae0d
LP		 5747 if (arg_pivot_root_new) {
5748 b = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
41de458a
LP		 5749 if (!b) {
5750 r = log_oom();
5751 goto finish;
5752 }
aff7ae0d
LP		 5753
5754 p = b;
5755 } else
a5201ed6 5756 p = arg_directory;
c9fe05e0 5757
d4317fe1
FS		 5758 check_os_release = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE");
5759 if (check_os_release < 0 && check_os_release != -ENXIO) {
5760 r = log_error_errno(check_os_release, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE: %m");
5761 goto finish;
5762 }
5763
5764 is_os_tree = path_is_os_tree(p);
5765 if (is_os_tree == 0 && check_os_release == 0)
5766 log_debug("Directory %s is missing an os-release file, continuing anyway.", p);
5767 else if (is_os_tree <= 0) {
aff7ae0d
LP		 5768 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5769 "Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5770 goto finish;
5771 }
5772 } else {
aff7ae0d 5773 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
c9fe05e0 5774
a5201ed6 5775 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
aff7ae0d 5776 p = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new, "/usr/");
a5201ed6 5777 else
aff7ae0d 5778 p = path_join(arg_directory, "/usr/");
41de458a
LP		 5779 if (!p) {
5780 r = log_oom();
5781 goto finish;
5782 }
1b9e5b12 5783
aff7ae0d
LP		 5784 if (laccess(p, F_OK) < 0) {
5785 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5786 "Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree (/usr/ directory is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
1b9e5b12 5787 goto finish;
1b9e5b12
LP		 5788 }
5789 }
ec16945e 5790
6b9132a9 5791 } else {
d04faa4e 5792 DissectImageFlags dissect_image_flags =
4b5de5dd 5793 DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
d04faa4e
LP		 5794 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
5795 DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
73d88b80
LP		 5796 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT |
5797 DISSECT_IMAGE_ADD_PARTITION_DEVICES |
5798 DISSECT_IMAGE_PIN_PARTITION_DEVICES;
ec16945e
LP		 5799 assert(arg_image);
5800 assert(!arg_template);
5801
f461a28d 5802 r = chase_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5803 if (r < 0)
5804 goto finish;
5805
0f3be6ca
LP		 5806 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5807 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5808
5809 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
5810 if (r < 0) {
5811 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
5812 goto finish;
5813 }
5814
6992459c
LP		 5815 /* Always take an exclusive lock on our own ephemeral copy. */
5816 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
0f3be6ca 5817 if (r < 0) {
af255804 5818 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
0f3be6ca
LP		 5819 goto finish;
5820 }
5821
7bf011e3
LP		 5822 {
5823 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
7c2f5495
DDM		 5824 r = copy_file_full(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600,
5825 FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL,
5826 COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME|COPY_SIGINT,
5827 NULL, NULL);
7bf011e3
LP		 5828 }
5829 if (r == -EINTR) {
5830 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying image file to %s, removed again.", np);
5831 goto finish;
5832 }
0f3be6ca
LP		 5833 if (r < 0) {
5834 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
5835 goto finish;
5836 }
5837
1cc6c93a 5838 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
0f3be6ca
LP		 5839 remove_image = true;
5840 } else {
5841 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5842 if (r == -EBUSY) {
af255804 5843 log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
0f3be6ca
LP		 5844 goto finish;
5845 }
5846 if (r < 0) {
af255804 5847 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
0f3be6ca
LP		 5848 goto finish;
5849 }
4623e8e6 5850
89e62e0b
LP		 5851 r = verity_settings_load(
5852 &arg_verity_settings,
5853 arg_image, NULL, NULL);
e7cbe5cb
LB		 5854 if (r < 0) {
5855 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read verity artefacts for %s: %m", arg_image);
5856 goto finish;
78ebe980 5857 }
89e62e0b
LP		 5858
5859 if (arg_verity_settings.data_path)
5860 dissect_image_flags |= DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE;
30535c16
LP		 5861 }
5862
c67b0082 5863 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
0f3be6ca 5864 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
6b9132a9 5865 goto finish;
1b9e5b12 5866 }
6b9132a9 5867
c67b0082
LP		 5868 remove_tmprootdir = true;
5869
5870 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5871 if (!arg_directory) {
5872 r = log_oom();
5873 goto finish;
6b9132a9 5874 }
88213476 5875
89e62e0b
LP		 5876 r = loop_device_make_by_path(
5877 arg_image,
5878 arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
22ee78a8 5879 /* sector_size= */ UINT32_MAX,
89e62e0b 5880 FLAGS_SET(dissect_image_flags, DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE) ? 0 : LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN,
7f52206a 5881 LOCK_SH,
89e62e0b 5882 &loop);
2d845785
LP		 5883 if (r < 0) {
5884 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
842f3b0f
LP		 5885 goto finish;
5886 }
1b9e5b12 5887
bad31660 5888 r = dissect_loop_device_and_warn(
bad31660 5889 loop,
89e62e0b 5890 &arg_verity_settings,
84be0c71
LP		 5891 /* mount_options=*/ NULL,
5892 arg_image_policy ?: &image_policy_container,
e7cbe5cb 5893 dissect_image_flags,
e0f9e7bd 5894 &dissected_image);
2d845785 5895 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
4526113f 5896 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
2d845785
LP		 5897 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
5898 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
5899 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
db811444 5900 " c) or follow https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/discoverable_partitions_specification\n"
2d845785
LP		 5901 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
5902 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
1b9e5b12 5903 goto finish;
2d845785 5904 }
4526113f 5905 if (r < 0)
842f3b0f 5906 goto finish;
1b9e5b12 5907
88b3300f
LP		 5908 r = dissected_image_load_verity_sig_partition(
5909 dissected_image,
5910 loop->fd,
5911 &arg_verity_settings);
5912 if (r < 0)
5913 goto finish;
5914
8ee9615e
LP		 5915 if (dissected_image->has_verity && !arg_verity_settings.root_hash && !dissected_image->has_verity_sig)
5916 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified and no embedded "
5917 "root hash signature found! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
4623e8e6 5918
89e62e0b
LP		 5919 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(
5920 dissected_image,
5921 NULL,
5922 &arg_verity_settings,
e330f97a 5923 0);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5924 if (r < 0)
5925 goto finish;
0f3be6ca
LP		 5926
5927 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
5928 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
5929 remove_image = false;
4c27749b
LP		 5930
5931 if (arg_architecture < 0)
5932 arg_architecture = dissected_image_architecture(dissected_image);
842f3b0f 5933 }
842f3b0f 5934
86c0dd4a 5935 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5a8af538
LP		 5936 if (r < 0)
5937 goto finish;
5938
de40a303 5939 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
dd9c8da8
MY		 5940 arg_console_mode = isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) ?
5941 CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
9c857b9d 5942
de40a303
LP		 5943 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
5944 arg_quiet = true;
a258bf26 5945
1807baa9
LP		 5946 if (!arg_quiet) {
5947 const char *t = arg_image ?: arg_directory;
5948 _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;
5949 (void) terminal_urlify_path(t, t, &u);
5950
5951 log_info("%s %sSpawning container %s on %s.%s\n"
5952 "%s %sPress %sCtrl-]%s three times within 1s to kill container.%s",
5953 special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_LIGHT_SHADE), ansi_grey(), arg_machine, u ?: t, ansi_normal(),
5954 special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_LIGHT_SHADE), ansi_grey(), ansi_highlight(), ansi_grey(), ansi_normal());
5955 }
9c857b9d 5956
988851b6 5957 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGRTMIN+18, -1) >= 0);
a258bf26 5958
8c3fe1b5
LP		 5959 r = make_reaper_process(true);
5960 if (r < 0) {
5961 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 5962 goto finish;
5963 }
5964
761cf19d
FW		 5965 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5966 r = fw_ctx_new(&fw_ctx);
5967 if (r < 0) {
5968 log_error_errno(r, "Cannot expose configured ports, firewall initialization failed: %m");
5969 goto finish;
5970 }
5971 expose_args.fw_ctx = fw_ctx;
5972 }
d87be9b0 5973 for (;;) {
3acc84eb 5974 r = run_container(dissected_image,
44dbef90
LP		 5975 fds,
5976 veth_name, &veth_created,
761cf19d 5977 &expose_args, &master,
44dbef90 5978 &pid, &ret);
b0067625 5979 if (r <= 0)
d87be9b0 5980 break;
d87be9b0 5981 }
88213476
LP		 5982
5983finish:
04f590a4
LP		 5984 (void) sd_notify(false,
5985 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
5986 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
af4ec430 5987
9444b1f2 5988 if (pid > 0)
c67b0082 5989 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
88213476 5990
503546da 5991 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
6a0f896b 5992 if (master >= 0) {
f5fbe71d 5993 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, UINT64_MAX, 0);
6a0f896b
LP		 5994 master = safe_close(master);
5995 }
5996
5997 if (pid > 0)
5998 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
503546da 5999
50ebcf6c
LP		 6000 pager_close();
6001
17cbb288 6002 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
ec16945e
LP		 6003 int k;
6004
17cbb288 6005 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
ec16945e 6006 if (k < 0)
17cbb288 6007 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
ec16945e
LP		 6008 }
6009
0f3be6ca
LP		 6010 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
6011 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
6012 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
6013 }
6014
c67b0082
LP		 6015 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
6016 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
6017 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
6018 }
6019
785890ac
LP		 6020 if (arg_machine) {
6021 const char *p;
6022
63c372cb 6023 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
c6878637 6024 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
613fb4b6
LP		 6025
6026 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/unix-export/", arg_machine);
6027 (void) umount2(p, MNT_DETACH|UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW);
6028 (void) rmdir(p);
785890ac
LP		 6029 }
6030
deff68e7
FW		 6031 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args.address4);
6032 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args.address6);
7513c5b8
LP		 6033
6034 if (veth_created)
6035 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
22b28dfd 6036 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
f757855e 6037
f757855e
LP		 6038 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
6039 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
bf428efb 6040 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
b2645747 6041 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
6d0b55c2 6042
44dbef90
LP		 6043 if (r < 0)
6044 return r;
6045
6046 return ret;
88213476 6047}
44dbef90
LP		 6048
6049DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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