2 * GIT - The information manager from hell
4 * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
10 #include "environment.h"
15 #include "object-file.h"
16 #include "parse-options.h"
22 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
23 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
26 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
27 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
29 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
32 #define GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DEFAULT_HASH"
34 static int init_is_bare_repository
= 0;
35 static int init_shared_repository
= -1;
37 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf
*path
, struct strbuf
*template_path
,
40 size_t path_baselen
= path
->len
;
41 size_t template_baselen
= template_path
->len
;
44 /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
45 * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
46 * cause "git init" to fail here. I think this is sane but
47 * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
48 * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
49 * be really carefully chosen.
51 safe_create_dir(path
->buf
, 1);
52 while ((de
= readdir(dir
)) != NULL
) {
53 struct stat st_git
, st_template
;
56 strbuf_setlen(path
, path_baselen
);
57 strbuf_setlen(template_path
, template_baselen
);
59 if (de
->d_name
[0] == '.')
61 strbuf_addstr(path
, de
->d_name
);
62 strbuf_addstr(template_path
, de
->d_name
);
63 if (lstat(path
->buf
, &st_git
)) {
65 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path
->buf
);
70 if (lstat(template_path
->buf
, &st_template
))
71 die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
73 if (S_ISDIR(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
74 DIR *subdir
= opendir(template_path
->buf
);
76 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
77 strbuf_addch(path
, '/');
78 strbuf_addch(template_path
, '/');
79 copy_templates_1(path
, template_path
, subdir
);
84 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
85 struct strbuf lnk
= STRBUF_INIT
;
86 if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk
, template_path
->buf
,
87 st_template
.st_size
) < 0)
88 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
89 if (symlink(lnk
.buf
, path
->buf
))
90 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
94 else if (S_ISREG(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
95 if (copy_file(path
->buf
, template_path
->buf
, st_template
.st_mode
))
96 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
97 template_path
->buf
, path
->buf
);
100 error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path
->buf
);
104 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir
, const char *init_template_dir
)
106 struct strbuf path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
107 struct strbuf template_path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
109 struct repository_format template_format
= REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT
;
110 struct strbuf err
= STRBUF_INIT
;
112 char *to_free
= NULL
;
115 template_dir
= getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
);
117 template_dir
= init_template_dir
;
119 template_dir
= to_free
= system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
);
120 if (!template_dir
[0]) {
125 strbuf_addstr(&template_path
, template_dir
);
126 strbuf_complete(&template_path
, '/');
127 template_len
= template_path
.len
;
129 dir
= opendir(template_path
.buf
);
131 warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir
);
135 /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
136 strbuf_addstr(&template_path
, "config");
137 read_repository_format(&template_format
, template_path
.buf
);
138 strbuf_setlen(&template_path
, template_len
);
141 * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
144 if (template_format
.version
>= 0 &&
145 verify_repository_format(&template_format
, &err
) < 0) {
146 warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
147 template_dir
, err
.buf
);
148 strbuf_release(&err
);
149 goto close_free_return
;
152 strbuf_addstr(&path
, get_git_common_dir());
153 strbuf_complete(&path
, '/');
154 copy_templates_1(&path
, &template_path
, dir
);
159 strbuf_release(&path
);
160 strbuf_release(&template_path
);
161 clear_repository_format(&template_format
);
165 * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
166 * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
168 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir
, const char *work_tree
)
170 if (!strcmp(work_tree
, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir
, "/.git"))
172 if (skip_prefix(git_dir
, work_tree
, &git_dir
) &&
173 !strcmp(git_dir
, "/.git"))
178 void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo
, int reinit
)
180 char repo_version_string
[10];
181 int repo_version
= GIT_REPO_VERSION
;
183 if (hash_algo
!= GIT_HASH_SHA1
)
184 repo_version
= GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ
;
186 /* This forces creation of new config file */
187 xsnprintf(repo_version_string
, sizeof(repo_version_string
),
189 git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string
);
191 if (hash_algo
!= GIT_HASH_SHA1
)
192 git_config_set("extensions.objectformat",
193 hash_algos
[hash_algo
].name
);
195 git_config_set_gently("extensions.objectformat", NULL
);
198 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path
,
199 const char *original_git_dir
,
200 const char *initial_branch
,
201 const struct repository_format
*fmt
,
205 struct strbuf buf
= STRBUF_INIT
;
210 struct strbuf err
= STRBUF_INIT
;
211 const char *init_template_dir
= NULL
;
212 const char *work_tree
= get_git_work_tree();
215 * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
216 * config file there, in which case we would want to read
217 * from it after installing.
219 * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
220 * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
223 git_config_get_pathname("init.templatedir", &init_template_dir
);
224 copy_templates(template_path
, init_template_dir
);
225 free((char *)init_template_dir
);
227 reset_shared_repository();
228 git_config(git_default_config
, NULL
);
231 * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
232 * values we might have just re-read from the config.
234 is_bare_repository_cfg
= init_is_bare_repository
|| !work_tree
;
235 if (init_shared_repository
!= -1)
236 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository
);
239 * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
240 * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
242 if (get_shared_repository()) {
243 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
247 * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
248 * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
250 safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
251 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
253 if (refs_init_db(&err
))
254 die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err
.buf
);
257 * Point the HEAD symref to the initial branch with if HEAD does
260 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "HEAD");
261 reinit
= (!access(path
, R_OK
)
262 || readlink(path
, junk
, sizeof(junk
)-1) != -1);
267 initial_branch
= git_default_branch_name(quiet
);
269 ref
= xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", initial_branch
);
270 if (check_refname_format(ref
, 0) < 0)
271 die(_("invalid initial branch name: '%s'"),
274 if (create_symref("HEAD", ref
, NULL
) < 0)
279 initialize_repository_version(fmt
->hash_algo
, 0);
281 /* Check filemode trustability */
282 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "config");
283 filemode
= TEST_FILEMODE
;
284 if (TEST_FILEMODE
&& !lstat(path
, &st1
)) {
286 filemode
= (!chmod(path
, st1
.st_mode
^ S_IXUSR
) &&
287 !lstat(path
, &st2
) &&
288 st1
.st_mode
!= st2
.st_mode
&&
289 !chmod(path
, st1
.st_mode
));
290 if (filemode
&& !reinit
&& (st1
.st_mode
& S_IXUSR
))
293 git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode
? "true" : "false");
295 if (is_bare_repository())
296 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
298 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
299 /* allow template config file to override the default */
300 if (log_all_ref_updates
== LOG_REFS_UNSET
)
301 git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
302 if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir
, work_tree
))
303 git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree
);
307 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
308 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "tXXXXXX");
309 if (!close(xmkstemp(path
)) &&
311 !symlink("testing", path
) &&
312 !lstat(path
, &st1
) &&
313 S_ISLNK(st1
.st_mode
))
314 unlink(path
); /* good */
316 git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
318 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
319 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "CoNfIg");
320 if (!access(path
, F_OK
))
321 git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
322 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
325 strbuf_release(&buf
);
329 static void create_object_directory(void)
331 struct strbuf path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
334 strbuf_addstr(&path
, get_object_directory());
337 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
339 strbuf_setlen(&path
, baselen
);
340 strbuf_addstr(&path
, "/pack");
341 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
343 strbuf_setlen(&path
, baselen
);
344 strbuf_addstr(&path
, "/info");
345 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
347 strbuf_release(&path
);
350 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir
, const char *git_link
)
354 if (!stat(git_link
, &st
)) {
357 if (S_ISREG(st
.st_mode
))
358 src
= read_gitfile(git_link
);
359 else if (S_ISDIR(st
.st_mode
))
362 die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st
.st_mode
);
364 if (rename(src
, git_dir
))
365 die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src
, git_dir
);
366 repair_worktrees(NULL
, NULL
);
369 write_file(git_link
, "gitdir: %s", git_dir
);
372 static void validate_hash_algorithm(struct repository_format
*repo_fmt
, int hash
)
374 const char *env
= getenv(GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT
);
376 * If we already have an initialized repo, don't allow the user to
377 * specify a different algorithm, as that could cause corruption.
378 * Otherwise, if the user has specified one on the command line, use it.
380 if (repo_fmt
->version
>= 0 && hash
!= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
&& hash
!= repo_fmt
->hash_algo
)
381 die(_("attempt to reinitialize repository with different hash"));
382 else if (hash
!= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
383 repo_fmt
->hash_algo
= hash
;
385 int env_algo
= hash_algo_by_name(env
);
386 if (env_algo
== GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
387 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), env
);
388 repo_fmt
->hash_algo
= env_algo
;
392 int init_db(const char *git_dir
, const char *real_git_dir
,
393 const char *template_dir
, int hash
, const char *initial_branch
,
397 int exist_ok
= flags
& INIT_DB_EXIST_OK
;
398 char *original_git_dir
= real_pathdup(git_dir
, 1);
399 struct repository_format repo_fmt
= REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT
;
404 if (!exist_ok
&& !stat(git_dir
, &st
))
405 die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir
);
407 if (!exist_ok
&& !stat(real_git_dir
, &st
))
408 die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir
);
410 set_git_dir(real_git_dir
, 1);
411 git_dir
= get_git_dir();
412 separate_git_dir(git_dir
, original_git_dir
);
415 set_git_dir(git_dir
, 1);
416 git_dir
= get_git_dir();
418 startup_info
->have_repository
= 1;
420 /* Ensure `core.hidedotfiles` is processed */
421 git_config(platform_core_config
, NULL
);
423 safe_create_dir(git_dir
, 0);
425 init_is_bare_repository
= is_bare_repository();
427 /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
428 * Note that a newly created repository does not have
429 * config file, so this will not fail. What we are catching
430 * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
432 check_repository_format(&repo_fmt
);
434 validate_hash_algorithm(&repo_fmt
, hash
);
436 reinit
= create_default_files(template_dir
, original_git_dir
,
437 initial_branch
, &repo_fmt
,
438 flags
& INIT_DB_QUIET
);
439 if (reinit
&& initial_branch
)
440 warning(_("re-init: ignored --initial-branch=%s"),
443 create_object_directory();
445 if (get_shared_repository()) {
447 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
448 * the configuration can be read by older version
449 * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
450 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
453 if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
454 /* force to the mode value */
455 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
456 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP
)
457 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP
);
458 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY
)
459 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY
);
461 BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
462 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf
);
463 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
466 if (!(flags
& INIT_DB_QUIET
)) {
467 int len
= strlen(git_dir
);
470 printf(get_shared_repository()
471 ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
472 : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
473 git_dir
, len
&& git_dir
[len
-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
475 printf(get_shared_repository()
476 ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
477 : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
478 git_dir
, len
&& git_dir
[len
-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
481 free(original_git_dir
);
485 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir
)
492 * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
493 * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
495 if (!strcmp(".", git_dir
))
498 cwd_is_git_dir
= !strcmp(git_dir
, cwd
);
503 * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
505 if (!strcmp(git_dir
, ".git"))
507 slash
= strrchr(git_dir
, '/');
508 if (slash
&& !strcmp(slash
, "/.git"))
512 * Otherwise it is often bare. At this point
513 * we are just guessing.
518 static int shared_callback(const struct option
*opt
, const char *arg
, int unset
)
520 BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset
);
521 *((int *) opt
->value
) = (arg
) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg
) : PERM_GROUP
;
525 static const char *const init_db_usage
[] = {
526 N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>]\n"
527 " [--separate-git-dir <git-dir>] [--object-format=<format>]\n"
528 " [-b <branch-name> | --initial-branch=<branch-name>]\n"
529 " [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
534 * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
535 * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
536 * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
537 * be the judge. The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
539 int cmd_init_db(int argc
, const char **argv
, const char *prefix
)
542 const char *real_git_dir
= NULL
;
543 const char *work_tree
;
544 const char *template_dir
= NULL
;
545 unsigned int flags
= 0;
546 const char *object_format
= NULL
;
547 const char *initial_branch
= NULL
;
548 int hash_algo
= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
;
549 const struct option init_db_options
[] = {
550 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir
, N_("template-directory"),
551 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
552 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg
,
553 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
554 { OPTION_CALLBACK
, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository
,
556 N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
557 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG
| PARSE_OPT_NONEG
, shared_callback
, 0},
558 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags
, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET
),
559 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir
, N_("gitdir"),
560 N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
561 OPT_STRING('b', "initial-branch", &initial_branch
, N_("name"),
562 N_("override the name of the initial branch")),
563 OPT_STRING(0, "object-format", &object_format
, N_("hash"),
564 N_("specify the hash algorithm to use")),
568 argc
= parse_options(argc
, argv
, prefix
, init_db_options
, init_db_usage
, 0);
570 if (real_git_dir
&& is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1)
571 die(_("options '%s' and '%s' cannot be used together"), "--separate-git-dir", "--bare");
573 if (real_git_dir
&& !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir
))
574 real_git_dir
= real_pathdup(real_git_dir
, 1);
576 if (template_dir
&& *template_dir
&& !is_absolute_path(template_dir
)) {
577 template_dir
= absolute_pathdup(template_dir
);
578 UNLEAK(template_dir
);
584 if (chdir(argv
[0]) < 0) {
588 * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
589 * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
590 * but just in case we play safe.
592 saved
= get_shared_repository();
593 set_shared_repository(0);
594 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv
[0])) {
602 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv
[0]);
605 set_shared_repository(saved
);
606 if (mkdir(argv
[0], 0777) < 0)
607 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv
[0]);
611 die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv
[0]);
613 } else if (0 < argc
) {
614 usage(init_db_usage
[0]);
616 if (is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1) {
617 char *cwd
= xgetcwd();
618 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
, cwd
, argc
> 0);
623 hash_algo
= hash_algo_by_name(object_format
);
624 if (hash_algo
== GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
625 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), object_format
);
628 if (init_shared_repository
!= -1)
629 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository
);
632 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
633 * without --bare. Catch the error early.
635 git_dir
= xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
));
636 work_tree
= xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT
));
637 if ((!git_dir
|| is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1) && work_tree
)
638 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
639 "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
640 GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT
,
641 GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
);
644 * Set up the default .git directory contents
647 git_dir
= DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
;
650 * When --separate-git-dir is used inside a linked worktree, take
651 * care to ensure that the common .git/ directory is relocated, not
652 * the worktree-specific .git/worktrees/<id>/ directory.
657 struct strbuf sb
= STRBUF_INIT
;
659 p
= read_gitfile_gently(git_dir
, &err
);
660 if (p
&& get_common_dir(&sb
, p
)) {
661 struct strbuf mainwt
= STRBUF_INIT
;
663 strbuf_addbuf(&mainwt
, &sb
);
664 strbuf_strip_suffix(&mainwt
, "/.git");
665 if (chdir(mainwt
.buf
) < 0)
666 die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), mainwt
.buf
);
667 strbuf_release(&mainwt
);
668 git_dir
= strbuf_detach(&sb
, NULL
);
673 if (is_bare_repository_cfg
< 0)
674 is_bare_repository_cfg
= guess_repository_type(git_dir
);
676 if (!is_bare_repository_cfg
) {
677 const char *git_dir_parent
= strrchr(git_dir
, '/');
678 if (git_dir_parent
) {
679 char *rel
= xstrndup(git_dir
, git_dir_parent
- git_dir
);
680 git_work_tree_cfg
= real_pathdup(rel
, 1);
683 if (!git_work_tree_cfg
)
684 git_work_tree_cfg
= xgetcwd();
686 set_git_work_tree(work_tree
);
688 set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg
);
689 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK
))
690 die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
691 get_git_work_tree());
695 die(_("--separate-git-dir incompatible with bare repository"));
697 set_git_work_tree(work_tree
);
700 UNLEAK(real_git_dir
);
704 flags
|= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK
;
705 return init_db(git_dir
, real_git_dir
, template_dir
, hash_algo
,
706 initial_branch
, flags
);