2 <!-- SECTION: Getting Started -->
4 <TITLE>Using Network Printers
</TITLE>
5 <LINK REL=
"STYLESHEET" TYPE=
"text/css" HREF=
"../cups-printable.css">
9 <H1 CLASS=
"title">Using Network Printers
</H1>
11 <P>This help document describes how to discover, configure, and use TCP/IP network printers with CUPS.
</P>
13 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"ADDRESS">Getting the IP Address
</A></H2>
15 <P>Every network printer or print server has a unique Internet Protocol (IP) address associated with it. This address is either configured manually or set using an automatic network protocol such as the
<A HREF=
"#BOOTP">Boot Protocol (BOOTP)
</A>,
<A HREF=
"#DHCP">Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP)
</A>, Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP), or ZeroConf.
</P>
17 <P>You can normally find the IP address of a printer on the printer's control panel or by printing the configuration or status page. The
<A HREF=
"#SNMP">Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
</A> can also be used to get the IP address remotely.
</P>
20 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"CONFIG">Configuring the IP Address
</A></H2>
22 <P>When you first install a network printer or print server on your LAN, you need to set the Internet Protocol (
"IP") address. Most higher-end
"workgroup" printers allow you to set the address through the printer control panel. However, if you have many printers you will want to assign the addresses remotely - this makes administration a bit easier and avoids assigning duplicate addresses accidentally.
</P>
24 <P>To setup your printer or print server for remote address assignment, you'll need the Ethernet Media Access Control (
"MAC") address, also sometimes called a node address, and the IP address you want to use for the device. The Ethernet MAC address can often be found on the printer test page or bottom of the print server.
</P>
26 <H3><A NAME=
"DHCP">Configuring the IP Address Using DHCP
</A></H3>
28 <P>The DHCP protocol is the usual way of setting the IP address of a printer on a managed network. Using the standard
<TT>dhcpd(
8)
</TT> program supplied with UNIX you simply need to add a line to the
<VAR>/etc/dhcpd.conf
</VAR> file:
</P>
31 host
<I>hostname
</I> {
32 hardware ethernet
<I>mac-address
</I>;
33 fixed-address
<I>ip-address
</I>;
37 <P>Make sure that the hostname you use is also listed in the
<VAR>/etc/hosts
</VAR> file or is registered with your DNS server.
</P>
39 <H3><A NAME=
"BOOTP">Configuring the IP Address Using BOOTP
</A></H3>
41 <P>The BOOTP protocol is used when you need to provide additional information such as the location of a configuration file to the network interface. Using the standard
<TT>bootpd(
8)
</TT> program supplied with UNIX you simply need to add a line to the
<VAR>/etc/bootptab
</VAR> file:
</P>
44 myprinter:ha=
080069001234:ip=
192.0.2.2:
<VAR>t144=myprinter.boot
</VAR>
47 <P>The
<VAR>myprinter.boot
</VAR> file resides in the
<VAR>/usr/local/boot
</VAR> directory by default. If you do not need to provide a boot file you may leave the last part of the line blank.
</P>
49 <BLOCKQUOTE><B>Note:
</B> Some versions of UNIX do not enable the BOOTP service by default. The
<VAR>/etc/inetd.conf
</VAR> or
<VAR>/etc/xinetd.d/bootp
</VAR> file usually contains a line for the BOOTP service that can be uncommented if needed.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
52 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"VERIFY">Verifying the Printer Connection
</A></H2>
54 <P>To test that the IP address has been successfully assigned and
55 that the printer is properly connected to your LAN, type:
</P>
58 <KBD>ping ip-address
</KBD>
61 <P>If the connection is working properly you will see something
65 <KBD>ping myprinter
</KBD>
66 PING myprinter (
192.0.2.2):
56 data bytes
67 64 bytes from
192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=
0 ttl=
15 time=
5 ms
68 64 bytes from
192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=
1 ttl=
15 time=
3 ms
69 64 bytes from
192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=
2 ttl=
15 time=
3 ms
70 64 bytes from
192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=
3 ttl=
15 time=
3 ms
73 <P>If not, verify that the printer or print server is connected
74 to the LAN, it is powered on, the LAN cabling is good, and the IP
75 address is set correctly. You can usually see the current IP
76 address and network status by printing a configuration or test
77 page on the device.
</P>
80 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"PROTOCOLS">Network Protocols Supported by CUPS
</H2>
82 <P>CUPS supports most network printers using one of three TCP/IP-based protocols. Printer discovery is currently accomplished using the SNMP protocol, however future versions of CUPS will also include support for multicast DNS service discovery as well.
</P>
84 <H3><A NAME=
"SOCKET">AppSocket Protocol
</A></H3>
86 <P>The AppSocket protocol (sometimes also called the JetDirect protocol, owing to its origins with the HP JetDirect network interfaces) is the simplest, fastest, and generally the most reliable network protocol used for printers. AppSocket printing normally happens over port
9100 and uses the
<tt>socket
</tt> URI scheme:
</P>
89 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>
90 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/?option=value
91 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/?option=value
&option=value
92 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>
93 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/?option=value
94 socket://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/?option=value
&option=value
97 <P>The
"contimeout" option controls the number of seconds that the backend will wait to obtain a connection to the printer. The default is
1 week.
</P>
99 <P>The
"snmp" option controls whether the
<tt>socket
</tt> backend queries for supply and page count information via SNMP.
</P>
101 <P>The
"waiteof" option controls whether the
<tt>socket
</tt> backend waits for the printer to complete the printing of the job. The default is to wait.
</P>
103 <H3><A NAME=
"IPP">Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)
</A></H3>
105 <P>IPP is the only protocol that CUPS supports natively and is supported by most network printers and print servers. IPP printing normally happens over port
631 and uses the
<tt>http
</tt> (Windows),
<tt>ipp
</tt>, and
<tt>ipps
</tt> URI schemes:
</P>
108 http://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>
109 http://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
110 http://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
111 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>
112 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
113 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
114 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>
115 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
116 ipp://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
117 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>
118 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
119 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
120 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>
121 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
122 ipps://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>:
<i>port-number
</i>/
<i>resource
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
125 <P>The
<tt>ipp
</tt> backend supports many options, which are summarized in
<A HREF=
"#TABLE2">Table
2</A>.
</P>
127 <DIV CLASS=
"table"><TABLE SUMMARY=
"IPP URI Options">
128 <CAPTION>Table
2:
<A NAME=
"TABLE2">IPP URI Options
</A></CAPTION>
137 <TD><TT>encryption=always
</TT></TD>
138 <TD>Specifies that the connection to the IPP server should be encrypted using SSL.
</TD>
141 <TD><TT>encryption=ifrequested
</TT></TD>
142 <TD>Specifies that the connection to the IPP server should only be encrypted if the server requests it.
</TD>
145 <TD><TT>encryption=never
</TT></TD>
146 <TD>Specifies that the connection to the IPP server should not be encrypted.
</TD>
149 <TD><TT>encryption=required
</TT></TD>
150 <TD>Specifies that the connection to the IPP server should be encrypted using TLS.
</TD>
153 <TD><TT>snmp=false
</TT></TD>
154 <TD>Specifies that SNMP supply and page count queries should not be performed.
</TD>
157 <TD><TT>version=
1.0</TT></TD>
158 <TD>Specifies that version
1.0 of the IPP protocol should be used instead of the default version
2.0.
</TD>
161 <TD><TT>version=
1.1</TT></TD>
162 <TD>Specifies that version
1.1 of the IPP protocol should be used instead of the default version
2.0.
</TD>
165 <TD><TT>version=
2.1</TT></TD>
166 <TD>Specifies that version
2.1 of the IPP protocol should be used instead of the default version
2.0.
</TD>
169 <TD><TT>waitjob=false
</TT></TD>
170 <TD>Specifies that the IPP backend should not wait for the job to complete.
</TD>
173 <TD><TT>waitprinter=false
</TT></TD>
174 <TD>Specifies that the IPP backend should not wait for the printer to become idle before sending the print job.
</TD>
179 <H3><A NAME=
"LPD">Line Printer Daemon (LPD) Protocol
</A></H3>
181 <P>LPD is the original network printing protocol and is supported by many network printers. Due to limitations in the LPD protocol, we do not recommend using it if the printer or server supports one of the other protocols. LPD printing normally happens over port
515 and uses the
<tt>lpd
</tt> URI scheme:
</P>
184 lpd://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>
185 lpd://
<i>username@ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>
186 lpd://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
187 lpd://
<i>username@ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>?
<i>option=value
</i>
188 lpd://
<i>ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
189 lpd://
<i>username@ip-address-or-hostname
</i>/
<i>queue
</i>?
<i>option=value
&option=value
</i>
192 <P><A HREF=
"#TABLE3">Table
3</A> summarizes the options supported by the
<tt>lpd
</tt> backend.
</P>
194 <DIV CLASS=
"table"><TABLE SUMMARY=
"LPD URI Options">
195 <CAPTION>Table
3:
<A NAME=
"TABLE3">LPD URI Options
</A></CAPTION>
204 <TD><TT>banner=on
</TT></TD>
205 <TD>Specifies that a banner page should be printed by the server.
</TD>
208 <TD><TT>contimeout=
<I>seconds
</I></TT></TD>
209 <TD>Specifies the number of seconds to wait for the connection to the server to complete.
</TD>
212 <TD><TT>format=c
</TT></TD>
213 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a CIF file.
</TD>
216 <TD><TT>format=d
</TT></TD>
217 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a DVI file.
</TD>
220 <TD><TT>format=f
</TT></TD>
221 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a plain text file.
</TD>
224 <TD><TT>format=g
</TT></TD>
225 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a Berkeley plot file.
</TD>
228 <TD><TT>format=l
</TT></TD>
229 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a raw (preformatted) print file.
</TD>
232 <TD><TT>format=n
</TT></TD>
233 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a ditroff file.
</TD>
236 <TD><TT>format=o
</TT></TD>
237 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a PostScript file.
</TD>
240 <TD><TT>format=p
</TT></TD>
241 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a plain text file that should be
"pretty" printed with a header and footer.
</TD>
244 <TD><TT>format=r
</TT></TD>
245 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a FORTRAN carriage control file.
</TD>
248 <TD><TT>format=t
</TT></TD>
249 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a troff Graphic Systems C/A/T phototypesetter file.
</TD>
252 <TD><TT>format=v
</TT></TD>
253 <TD>Specifies that the print data is a Sun raster file.
</TD>
256 <TD><TT>order=data,control
</TT></TD>
257 <TD>Specifies that the print data files should be sent before the control file.
</TD>
260 <TD><TT>reserve=none
</TT></TD>
261 <TD>Specifies that the backend should not reserve a source port.
</TD>
264 <TD><TT>reserve=rfc1179
</TT></TD>
265 <TD>Specifies that the backend should reserve a source port from
721 to
731 as required by RFC
1179.
</TD>
268 <TD><TT>sanitize_title=no
</TT></TD>
269 <TD>Specifies that the job title string should not be restricted to ASCII alphanumeric and space characters.
</TD>
272 <TD><TT>sanitize_title=yes
</TT></TD>
273 <TD>Specifies that the job title string should be restricted to ASCII alphanumeric and space characters.
</TD>
276 <TD><TT>snmp=false
</TT></TD>
277 <TD>Specifies that SNMP supply and page count queries should not be performed.
</TD>
280 <TD><TT>timeout=
<I>seconds
</I></TT></TD>
281 <TD>Specifies the number of seconds to wait for LPD commands to complete.
</TD>
287 <H3><A NAME=
"URI">Common Network Printer URIs
</A></H3>
289 <P>Once you have set the IP address you can access the printer or print server using the
<TT>ipp
</TT>,
<TT>lpd
</TT>, or
<TT>socket
</TT> backends.
<A HREF=
"#TABLE1">Table
1</A> shows a list of common network interfaces and printer servers and the settings you should use with CUPS:
</P>
291 <DIV CLASS=
"table"><TABLE SUMMARY=
"Common Device URIs">
292 <CAPTION>Table
1:
<A NAME=
"TABLE1">Common Device URIs
</A></CAPTION>
295 <TH>Model/Manufacturer
</TH>
296 <TH>Device URI(s)
</TH>
301 <TD>Apple LaserWriter
</TD>
302 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/PASSTHRU
</TD>
307 <A HREF=
"#AXIS">(see directions)
</A></TD>
308 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9100<BR>
309 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9101<BR>
310 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9102</TD>
314 <TD>ipp://
<I>address
</I>/LPT1
<BR>
315 ipp://
<I>address
</I>/LPT2
<BR>
316 ipp://
<I>address
</I>/COM1
</TD>
319 <TD>Castelle LANpress
<SUP>TM
</SUP></TD>
320 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr1
<BR>
321 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr2
<BR>
322 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr3
</TD>
325 <TD>DPI NETPrint
</TD>
326 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr1
<BR>
327 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr2
<BR>
328 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr3
</TD>
331 <TD>DLink DP-
301P+
</TD>
332 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I></TD>
335 <TD>EFI
® Fiery
® RIP
</TD>
336 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/print
</TD>
339 <TD>EPSON
® Multiprotocol Ethernet Interface Board
</TD>
340 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I></TD>
343 <TD>Extended System ExtendNET
</TD>
344 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr1
<BR>
345 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr2
<BR>
346 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/pr3
</TD>
349 <TD>Hewlett Packard JetDirect
</TD>
350 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9100<BR>
351 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9101<BR>
352 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9102</TD>
355 <TD>Intel
® NetportExpress XL, PRO/
100</TD>
356 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/LPT1_PASSTHRU
<BR>
357 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/LPT2_PASSTHRU
<BR>
358 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/COM1_PASSTHRU
</TD>
361 <TD>Lexmark
<SUP>TM
</SUP> MarkNet
</TD>
362 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/ps
</TD>
365 <TD>Linksys EtherFast
®<BR>
366 <A HREF=
"#LINKSYS">(see directions)
</A></TD>
367 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I>:
4010<BR>
368 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
4020<BR>
369 socket://
<I>address
</I>:
4030</TD>
372 <TD>Linksys PSUS4
</TD>
373 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/lp
</TD>
377 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/ps
</TD>
380 <TD>Netgear WGPS606
</TD>
381 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/L1
<BR>
382 lpd://
<I>address
</I>/L2
</TD>
385 <TD>QMS
® CrownNet
<SUP>TM
</SUP></TD>
386 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/ps
</TD>
389 <TD>Tektronix
® PhaserShare
<SUP>TM
</SUP></TD>
390 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I>:
9100</TD>
393 <TD>XEROX
® 4512 NIC
</TD>
394 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/PORT1
</TD>
397 <TD>XEROX
® XNIC
</TD>
398 <TD>lpd://
<I>address
</I>/PASSTHRU
</TD>
401 <TD>XEROX
® (most others)
</TD>
402 <TD>socket://
<I>address
</I>:
5503</TD>
408 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"SNMP">Troubleshooting SNMP Discovery Problems
</A></H2>
410 <P>Whenever you view the administration web page or a list of supported device URIs, the
<tt>snmp
</tt> backend can probe the local network(s) using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) v1 broadcasts. Printers that respond to these broadcasts are then interrogated for the make, model, and supported protocols, yielding a device URI that can be used to add the printer.
</P>
412 <P>That said, the SNMP requests sometimes expose problems in vendor implementations. If you are experiencing long delays in loading the CUPS web interface administration page, or if you don't see your printer listed, the following instructions will help you to diagnose those problems and/or provide important feedback to the CUPS developers so that we can correct problems and improve the SNMP backend in future releases.
</P>
416 <P>If you don't use
"public" as your community name, edit or create (as needed) a text file called
<VAR>/etc/cups/snmp.conf
</VAR> and put the following line in it:
</P>
418 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
419 Community
<I>your community name
</I>
422 <P>The SNMP backend will not be able to find any printers on your network if SNMP v1 or broadcasting are not supported on your network.
</P>
424 <H3>Basic Debugging
</H3>
426 <P>The SNMP backend supports a debugging mode that is activated by running it from a shell prompt. If you are using Bash (/bin/bash), Bourne shell (/bin/sh), Korn shell (/bin/ksh), or Z shell (/bin/zsh), you can run the following command to get a verbose log of the SNMP backend:
</P>
428 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
429 CUPS_DEBUG_LEVEL=
2 /usr/lib/cups/backend/snmp
2>&1 | tee snmp.log
432 <P>For C shell (/bin/csh) and TCsh (/bin/tcsh), use the following command instead:
</P>
434 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
435 (setenv CUPS_DEBUG_LEVEL
2; /usr/lib/cups/backend/snmp) |
& tee snmp.log
438 <P>On macOS you'll find the SNMP backend in /usr/libexec/cups/backend instead:
</P>
440 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
441 CUPS_DEBUG_LEVEL=
2 /usr/libexec/cups/backend/snmp
2>&1 | tee snmp.log
444 <P>The output will look something like this:
</P>
446 <PRE STYLE=
"margin-left: 36pt">
447 1 INFO: Using default SNMP Address @LOCAL
448 2 INFO: Using default SNMP Community public
449 3 DEBUG: Scanning for devices in
"public" via
"@LOCAL"...
450 4 DEBUG:
0.000 Sending
46 bytes to
192.168.2.255...
451 5 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
44 bytes
452 6 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
453 7 DEBUG: OCTET STRING
6 bytes
"public"
454 8 DEBUG: Get-Request-PDU
31 bytes
455 9 DEBUG: INTEGER
4 bytes
1149539174
456 10 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
457 11 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
458 12 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
17 bytes
459 13 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
15 bytes
460 14 DEBUG: OID
11 bytes
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.2.1
461 15 DEBUG: NULL VALUE
0 bytes
462 16 DEBUG:
0.001 Received
55 bytes from
192.168.2.229...
463 17 DEBUG:
community=
"public"
464 18 DEBUG: request-id=
1149539174
465 19 DEBUG: error-status=
0
466 20 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
53 bytes
467 21 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
468 22 DEBUG: OCTET STRING
6 bytes
"public"
469 23 DEBUG: Get-Response-PDU
40 bytes
470 24 DEBUG: INTEGER
4 bytes
1149539174
471 25 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
472 26 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
473 27 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
26 bytes
474 28 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
24 bytes
475 29 DEBUG: OID
11 bytes
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.2.1
476 30 DEBUG: OID
9 bytes
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.1.5
477 31 DEBUG: add_cache(addr=
0xbfffe170,
addrname=
"192.168.2.229",
478 uri=
"(null)",
id=
"(null)",
make_and_model=
"(null)")
479 32 DEBUG:
0.002 Sending
46 bytes to
192.168.2.229...
480 33 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
44 bytes
481 34 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
482 35 DEBUG: OCTET STRING
6 bytes
"public"
483 36 DEBUG: Get-Request-PDU
31 bytes
484 37 DEBUG: INTEGER
4 bytes
1149539175
485 38 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
486 39 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
487 40 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
17 bytes
488 41 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
15 bytes
489 42 DEBUG: OID
11 bytes
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.3.1
490 43 DEBUG: NULL VALUE
0 bytes
491 44 DEBUG:
0.003 Received
69 bytes from
192.168.2.229...
492 45 DEBUG:
community=
"public"
493 46 DEBUG: request-id=
1149539175
494 47 DEBUG: error-status=
0
495 48 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
67 bytes
496 49 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
497 50 DEBUG: OCTET STRING
6 bytes
"public"
498 51 DEBUG: Get-Response-PDU
54 bytes
499 52 DEBUG: INTEGER
4 bytes
1149539175
500 53 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
501 54 DEBUG: INTEGER
1 bytes
0
502 55 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
40 bytes
503 56 DEBUG: SEQUENCE
38 bytes
504 57 DEBUG: OID
11 bytes
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.3.1
505 58 DEBUG: OCTET STRING
23 bytes
"HP LaserJet 4000
507 59 DEBUG:
1.001 Probing
192.168.2.229...
508 60 DEBUG:
1.001 Trying socket://
192.168.2.229:
9100...
509 61 DEBUG:
192.168.2.229 supports AppSocket!
510 62 DEBUG:
1.002 Scan complete!
511 63 network socket://
192.168.2.229 "HP LaserJet 4000 Series"
512 "HP LaserJet 4000 Series 192.168.2.229" ""
515 <H3>Dissecting the Output
</H3>
517 <P>The first two lines are just informational and let you know that the default community name and address are being used. Lines
3-
15 contain the initial SNMP query for the device type OID (
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.2.1) from the Host MIB.
</P>
519 <P>Lines
16-
31 show the response we got from an HP LaserJet
4000 network printer. At this point we discover that it is a printer device and then send another SNMP query (lines
32-
43) for the device description OID (
.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.2.1.3.1) from the Host MIB as well.
</P>
521 <P>Lines
44-
58 show the response to the device description query, which tells us that this is an HP LaserJet
4000 Series printer.
</P>
523 <P>On line
59 we start our active connection probe and discover that this print server supports the AppSocket (JetDirect) protocol on port
9100.
</P>
525 <P>Finally, line
63 shows the device information line for the print server that is sent to CUPS.
</P>
527 <H3>Reporting Problems
</H3>
529 If you don't see your printer listed, or the wrong information is listed, then you need to gather more information on the printer. The easiest way to do this is to run the snmpwalk command:
531 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
532 snmpwalk -Cc -v
1 -c public
<I>ip-address
</I> | tee snmpwalk.log
535 <P>where
"ip-address" is the IP address of the printer or print server. You should see a
<em>lot
</em> of values stream by - the ones you want to see are:
</P>
537 <PRE STYLE=
"margin-left: 36pt">
538 HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrDeviceType
.1 = OID: HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES::hrDevicePrinter
539 HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrDeviceDescr
.1 = STRING: HP LaserJet
4000 Series
542 <P>The hrDeviceType line should show hrDevicePrinter; if not, then your printer or print server doesn't identify itself as a printer. The hrDeviceDescr line should provide a human-readable string for the make and model of the printer, although in some cases you'll just see something less useful like
"Axis OfficeBASIC Parallel Print Server".
</P>
544 <P>Once you have collected the snmpwalk output, you should go to the
<A HREF=
"http://www.cups.org/str.php">CUPS Bugs
& Features page
</A> to submit a feature request to support your printer or print server. Be sure to attach those two log files you created - they will help us to identify the SNMP values we need to look for.
</P>
547 <H2 CLASS=
"title"><A NAME=
"SERVERS">Configuring Print Servers
</A></H2>
549 <H3><A NAME=
"AXIS">Configuring Axis Print Servers
</A></H3>
551 <P>The Axis print servers can be configured using BOOTP or DHCP. However, on models that do not provide IPP support an additional step must be performed to configure the TCP/IP portion of the print server for use with CUPS.
</P>
553 <P>Each print server contains a configuration file named
<VAR>config
</VAR> that contains a list of network parameters used by the server. To modify this file you must first download it from the print server using the
<TT>ftp(
1)
</TT> program:
</P>
555 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
556 <KBD>ftp ip-address
</KBD>
557 Connected to ip-address.
558 220 Axis NPS ### FTP Printer Server V#.## MON DD YEAR ready.
559 ftp
> <KBD>user root
</KBD>
560 331 User name ok, need password
561 Password:
<KBD>pass
</KBD> <I>(this is not echoed)
</I>
563 ftp
> <KBD>get config
</KBD>
564 local: config remote: config
565 200 PORT command successful.
566 150 Opening data connection for config (
192,
0,
2,
2),
568 226 Transfer complete.
569 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
574 <P>Next, edit the file with your favorite text editor and locate the lines beginning with:
</P>
576 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
588 <P>Change the
<TT>RTN_OPT
</TT> line to read:
</P>
590 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
591 RTN_OPT. :
<KBD>NO
</KBD>
594 <P>This disables the Reverse TELNET protocol and enables the standard TELNET protocol on the print server. Next, assign a port number for each parallel and serial port on the server as follows:
</P>
596 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
597 RTEL_PR1. :
<KBD>9100</KBD>
598 RTEL_PR2. :
<KBD>9101</KBD>
599 RTEL_PR3. :
<KBD>9102</KBD>
600 RTEL_PR4. :
<KBD>9103</KBD>
601 RTEL_PR5. :
<KBD>9104</KBD>
602 RTEL_PR6. :
<KBD>9105</KBD>
603 RTEL_PR7. :
<KBD>9106</KBD>
604 RTEL_PR8. :
<KBD>9107</KBD>
607 <P>This essentially makes the Axis print server look like a Hewlett Packard JetDirect EX print server. Save the file and then upload the new
<VAR>config
</VAR> file using the
<TT>ftp
</TT> command:
</P>
609 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
610 <KBD>ftp ip-address
</KBD>
611 Connected to ip-address.
612 220 Axis NPS ### FTP Printer Server V#.## MON DD YEAR ready.
613 ftp
> <KBD>user root
</KBD>
614 331 User name ok, need password
615 Password:
<KBD>pass
</KBD> <I>(this is not echoed)
</I>
617 ftp
> <KBD>put config CONFIG
</KBD>
618 local: config remote: CONFIG
619 200 PORT command successful.
620 150 Opening data connection for config (
192,
0,
2,
2), (mode ascii).
621 226 Transfer complete.
622 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
623 ftp
> <KBD>get hardreset
</KBD>
624 local: hardreset remote: hardreset
625 200 PORT command successful.
626 421 Axis NPS ### hard reset, closing connection.
631 <P>Your Axis print server is now ready for use!
</P>
633 <H3><A NAME=
"LINKSYS">Configuring Linksys Print Servers
</A></H3>
635 <P>The Linksys print servers can be configured using BOOTP or DHCP. Like older Axis print servers, an additional step must be performed to configure the TCP/IP portion of the print server for use with CUPS.
</P>
637 <P>Each print server contains a configuration file named
<VAR>CONFIG
</VAR> that contains a list of network parameters used by the server. To modify this file you must first download it from the print server using the
<TT>ftp(
1)
</TT> program:
</P>
639 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
640 <KBD>ftp -n ip-address
</KBD>
641 Connected to ip-address.
642 220 Print Server Ready.
643 Remote system type is Print.
644 ftp
> <KBD>get CONFIG
</KBD>
645 local: CONFIG remote: CONFIG
647 150 Open ASCII Mode Connection.
648 WARNING!
68 bare linefeeds received in ASCII mode
649 File may not have transferred correctly.
650 226 Transfer complete.
651 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
656 <P>Next, edit the file with your favorite text editor and locate the lines beginning with:
</P>
658 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
664 <P>Change the port number for each parallel and serial port on the server as follows:
</P>
666 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
667 0100 L1_PROUT:
<KBD>P1
</KBD>
668 0120 L2_PROUT:
<KBD>P2
</KBD>
669 0140 L3_PROUT:
<KBD>P3
</KBD>
672 <P>This maps each virtual printer with a physical port. Save the file and then upload the new
<VAR>CONFIG
</VAR> file using the
<TT>ftp
</TT> command:
</P>
674 <PRE CLASS=
"command">
675 <KBD>ftp -n ip-address
</KBD>
676 Connected to ip-address.
677 220 Print Server Ready.
678 Remote system type is Print.
679 ftp
> <KBD>put CONFIG
</KBD>
680 local: CONFIG remote: CONFIG
682 150 Open ASCII Mode Connection.
683 226 Transfer complete.
684 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
689 <P>Your Linksys print server is now ready for use!
</P>