src/installer/hw.c

   1 /*#############################################################################
   2 #                                                                             #
   3 # IPFire - An Open Source Firewall Distribution                               #
   4 # Copyright (C) 2014 IPFire development team                                  #
   5 #                                                                             #
   6 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify        #
   7 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by        #
   8 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or           #
   9 # (at your option) any later version.                                         #
  10 #                                                                             #
  11 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,             #
  12 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of              #
  13 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the               #
  14 # GNU General Public License for more details.                                #
  15 #                                                                             #
  16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License           #
  17 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.       #
  18 #                                                                             #
  19 #############################################################################*/
  20
  21 #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
  22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include <assert.h>
  26 #include <blkid/blkid.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <fcntl.h>
  29 #include <libudev.h>
  30 #include <linux/loop.h>
  31 #include <math.h>
  32 #include <stdio.h>
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #include <string.h>
  35 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  36 #include <sys/mount.h>
  37 #include <sys/stat.h>
  38 #include <sys/swap.h>
  39 #include <sys/sysinfo.h>
  40 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  41 #include <unistd.h>
  42
  43 #include <linux/fs.h>
  44
  45 #include <libsmooth.h>
  46
  47 #include "hw.h"
  48
  49 static int system_chroot(const char* output, const char* path, const char* cmd) {
  50         char chroot_cmd[STRING_SIZE];
  51
  52         snprintf(chroot_cmd, sizeof(chroot_cmd), "/usr/sbin/chroot %s %s", path, cmd);
  53
  54         return mysystem(output, chroot_cmd);
  55 }
  56
  57 struct hw* hw_init() {
  58         struct hw* hw = calloc(1, sizeof(*hw));
  59         assert(hw);
  60
  61         // Initialize libudev
  62         hw->udev = udev_new();
  63         if (!hw->udev) {
  64                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not create udev instance\n");
  65                 exit(1);
  66         }
  67
  68         // What architecture are we running on?
  69         struct utsname uname_data;
  70         int ret = uname(&uname_data);
  71         if (ret == 0)
  72                 snprintf(hw->arch, sizeof(hw->arch), "%s", uname_data.machine);
  73
  74         // Should we install in EFI mode?
  75         if ((strcmp(hw->arch, "x86_64") == 0) || (strcmp(hw->arch, "aarch64") == 0))
  76                 hw->efi = 1;
  77
  78         return hw;
  79 }
  80
  81 void hw_free(struct hw* hw) {
  82         if (hw->udev)
  83                 udev_unref(hw->udev);
  84
  85         free(hw);
  86 }
  87
  88 static int strstartswith(const char* a, const char* b) {
  89         return (strncmp(a, b, strlen(b)) == 0);
  90 }
  91
  92 static char loop_device[STRING_SIZE];
  93
  94 static int setup_loop_device(const char* source, const char* device) {
  95         int file_fd = open(source, O_RDWR);
  96         if (file_fd < 0)
  97                 goto ERROR;
  98
  99         int device_fd = -1;
 100         if ((device_fd = open(device, O_RDWR)) < 0)
 101                 goto ERROR;
 102
 103         if (ioctl(device_fd, LOOP_SET_FD, file_fd) < 0)
 104                 goto ERROR;
 105
 106         close(file_fd);
 107         close(device_fd);
 108
 109         return 0;
 110
 111 ERROR:
 112         if (file_fd >= 0)
 113                 close(file_fd);
 114
 115         if (device_fd >= 0) {
 116                 ioctl(device_fd, LOOP_CLR_FD, 0);
 117                 close(device_fd);
 118         }
 119
 120         return -1;
 121 }
 122
 123 int hw_mount(const char* source, const char* target, const char* fs, int flags) {
 124         const char* loop_device = "/dev/loop0";
 125
 126         // Create target if it does not exist
 127         if (access(target, X_OK) != 0)
 128                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 129
 130         struct stat st;
 131         stat(source, &st);
 132
 133         if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 134                 int r = setup_loop_device(source, loop_device);
 135                 if (r == 0) {
 136                         source = loop_device;
 137                 } else {
 138                         return -1;
 139                 }
 140         }
 141
 142         return mount(source, target, fs, flags, NULL);
 143 }
 144
 145 static int hw_bind_mount(const char* source, const char* prefix) {
 146         if (!source || !prefix) {
 147                 errno = EINVAL;
 148                 return 1;
 149         }
 150
 151         char target[PATH_MAX];
 152         int r;
 153
 154         // Format target
 155         r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s/%s", prefix, source);
 156         if (r < 0)
 157                 return 1;
 158
 159         // Ensure target exists
 160         mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 161
 162         return hw_mount(source, target, NULL, MS_BIND);
 163 }
 164
 165 int hw_umount(const char* source, const char* prefix) {
 166         char target[PATH_MAX];
 167         int r;
 168
 169         if (prefix)
 170                 r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s/%s", prefix, source);
 171         else
 172                 r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s", source);
 173         if (r < 0)
 174                 return r;
 175
 176         // Perform umount
 177         r = umount2(target, 0);
 178         if (r) {
 179                 switch (errno) {
 180                         // Try again with force if umount wasn't successful
 181                         case EBUSY:
 182                                 sleep(1);
 183
 184                                 r = umount2(target, MNT_FORCE);
 185                                 break;
 186
 187                         // target wasn't a mountpoint. Ignore.
 188                         case EINVAL:
 189                                 r = 0;
 190                                 break;
 191                 }
 192         }
 193
 194         return r;
 195 }
 196
 197 static int hw_test_source_medium(const char* path) {
 198         int ret = hw_mount(path, SOURCE_MOUNT_PATH, "iso9660", MS_RDONLY);
 199
 200         // If the source could not be mounted we
 201         // cannot proceed.
 202         if (ret != 0)
 203                 return ret;
 204
 205         // Check if the test file exists.
 206         ret = access(SOURCE_TEST_FILE, R_OK);
 207
 208         // Umount the test device.
 209         hw_umount(SOURCE_MOUNT_PATH, NULL);
 210
 211         return ret;
 212 }
 213
 214 char* hw_find_source_medium(struct hw* hw) {
 215         char* ret = NULL;
 216
 217         struct udev_enumerate* enumerate = udev_enumerate_new(hw->udev);
 218
 219         udev_enumerate_add_match_subsystem(enumerate, "block");
 220         udev_enumerate_scan_devices(enumerate);
 221
 222         struct udev_list_entry* devices = udev_enumerate_get_list_entry(enumerate);
 223
 224         struct udev_list_entry* dev_list_entry;
 225         udev_list_entry_foreach(dev_list_entry, devices) {
 226                 const char* path = udev_list_entry_get_name(dev_list_entry);
 227                 struct udev_device* dev = udev_device_new_from_syspath(hw->udev, path);
 228
 229                 const char* dev_path = udev_device_get_devnode(dev);
 230
 231                 // Skip everything what we cannot work with
 232                 if (strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/loop") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/fd") ||
 233                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/ram") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/md"))
 234                         continue;
 235
 236                 if (hw_test_source_medium(dev_path) == 0) {
 237                         ret = strdup(dev_path);
 238                 }
 239
 240                 udev_device_unref(dev);
 241
 242                 // If a suitable device was found the search will end.
 243                 if (ret)
 244                         break;
 245         }
 246
 247         udev_enumerate_unref(enumerate);
 248
 249         return ret;
 250 }
 251
 252 static struct hw_disk** hw_create_disks() {
 253         struct hw_disk** ret = malloc(sizeof(*ret) * (HW_MAX_DISKS + 1));
 254
 255         return ret;
 256 }
 257
 258 static unsigned long long hw_block_device_get_size(const char* dev) {
 259         int fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY);
 260         if (fd < 0)
 261                 return 0;
 262
 263         unsigned long long size = blkid_get_dev_size(fd);
 264         close(fd);
 265
 266         return size;
 267 }
 268
 269 struct hw_disk** hw_find_disks(struct hw* hw, const char* sourcedrive) {
 270         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 271         struct hw_disk** disks = ret;
 272
 273         struct udev_enumerate* enumerate = udev_enumerate_new(hw->udev);
 274
 275         udev_enumerate_add_match_subsystem(enumerate, "block");
 276         udev_enumerate_scan_devices(enumerate);
 277
 278         struct udev_list_entry* devices = udev_enumerate_get_list_entry(enumerate);
 279
 280         struct udev_list_entry* dev_list_entry;
 281         unsigned int i = HW_MAX_DISKS;
 282         udev_list_entry_foreach(dev_list_entry, devices) {
 283                 const char* path = udev_list_entry_get_name(dev_list_entry);
 284                 struct udev_device* dev = udev_device_new_from_syspath(hw->udev, path);
 285
 286                 const char* dev_path = udev_device_get_devnode(dev);
 287
 288                 // Skip everything what we cannot work with
 289                 if (strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/loop") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/fd") ||
 290                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/ram") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/sr") ||
 291                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/md")) {
 292                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 293                         continue;
 294                 }
 295
 296                 // Skip sourcedrive if we need to
 297                 if (sourcedrive && (strcmp(dev_path, sourcedrive) == 0)) {
 298                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 299                         continue;
 300                 }
 301
 302                 // DEVTYPE must be disk (otherwise we will see all sorts of partitions here)
 303                 const char* devtype = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "DEVTYPE");
 304                 if (devtype && (strcmp(devtype, "disk") != 0)) {
 305                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 306                         continue;
 307                 }
 308
 309                 // Skip devices with a size of zero
 310                 unsigned long long size = hw_block_device_get_size(dev_path);
 311                 if (size == 0) {
 312                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 313                         continue;
 314                 }
 315
 316                 struct hw_disk* disk = malloc(sizeof(*disk));
 317                 if (disk == NULL)
 318                         return NULL;
 319
 320                 disk->ref = 1;
 321
 322                 strncpy(disk->path, dev_path, sizeof(disk->path));
 323                 const char* p = disk->path + 5;
 324
 325                 disk->size = size;
 326
 327                 // Vendor
 328                 const char* vendor = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "ID_VENDOR");
 329                 if (!vendor)
 330                         vendor = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "vendor");
 331                 if (!vendor)
 332                         vendor = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "manufacturer");
 333
 334                 if (vendor)
 335                         strncpy(disk->vendor, vendor, sizeof(disk->vendor));
 336                 else
 337                         *disk->vendor = '\0';
 338
 339                 // Model
 340                 const char* model = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "ID_MODEL");
 341                 if (!model)
 342                         model = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "model");
 343                 if (!model)
 344                         model = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "product");
 345
 346                 if (model)
 347                         strncpy(disk->model, model, sizeof(disk->model));
 348                 else
 349                         *disk->model = '\0';
 350
 351                 // Format description
 352                 char size_str[STRING_SIZE];
 353                 snprintf(size_str, sizeof(size_str), "%4.1fGB", (double)disk->size / pow(1024, 3));
 354
 355                 if (*disk->vendor && *disk->model) {
 356                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 357                                 "%s - %s - %s - %s", size_str, p, disk->vendor, disk->model);
 358
 359                 } else if (*disk->vendor || *disk->model) {
 360                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 361                                 "%s - %s - %s", size_str, p, (*disk->vendor) ? disk->vendor : disk->model);
 362
 363                 } else {
 364                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 365                                 "%s - %s", size_str, p);
 366                 }
 367
 368                 // Cut off the description string after 40 characters
 369                 disk->description[41] = '\0';
 370
 371                 *disks++ = disk;
 372
 373                 if (--i == 0)
 374                         break;
 375
 376                 udev_device_unref(dev);
 377         }
 378
 379         udev_enumerate_unref(enumerate);
 380
 381         *disks = NULL;
 382
 383         return ret;
 384 }
 385
 386 void hw_free_disks(struct hw_disk** disks) {
 387         struct hw_disk** disk = disks;
 388
 389         while (*disk != NULL) {
 390                 if (--(*disk)->ref == 0)
 391                         free(*disk);
 392
 393                 disk++;
 394         }
 395
 396         free(disks);
 397 }
 398
 399 unsigned int hw_count_disks(const struct hw_disk** disks) {
 400         unsigned int ret = 0;
 401
 402         while (*disks++)
 403                 ret++;
 404
 405         return ret;
 406 }
 407
 408 struct hw_disk** hw_select_disks(struct hw_disk** disks, int* selection) {
 409         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 410         struct hw_disk** selected_disks = ret;
 411
 412         unsigned int num_disks = hw_count_disks((const struct hw_disk**)disks);
 413
 414         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_disks; i++) {
 415                 if (!selection || selection[i]) {
 416                         struct hw_disk *selected_disk = disks[i];
 417                         selected_disk->ref++;
 418
 419                         *selected_disks++ = selected_disk;
 420                 }
 421         }
 422
 423         // Set sentinel
 424         *selected_disks = NULL;
 425
 426         return ret;
 427 }
 428
 429 struct hw_disk** hw_select_first_disk(const struct hw_disk** disks) {
 430         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 431         struct hw_disk** selected_disks = ret;
 432
 433         unsigned int num_disks = hw_count_disks(disks);
 434         assert(num_disks > 0);
 435
 436         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_disks; i++) {
 437                 struct hw_disk *disk = disks[i];
 438                 disk->ref++;
 439
 440                 *selected_disks++ = disk;
 441                 break;
 442         }
 443
 444         // Set sentinel
 445         *selected_disks = NULL;
 446
 447         return ret;
 448 }
 449
 450 static unsigned long long hw_swap_size(struct hw_destination* dest) {
 451         unsigned long long memory = hw_memory();
 452
 453         unsigned long long swap_size = memory / 4;
 454
 455         // Min. swap size is 128MB
 456         if (swap_size < MB2BYTES(128))
 457                 swap_size = MB2BYTES(128);
 458
 459         // Cap swap size to 1GB
 460         else if (swap_size > MB2BYTES(1024))
 461                 swap_size = MB2BYTES(1024);
 462
 463         return swap_size;
 464 }
 465
 466 static unsigned long long hw_boot_size(struct hw_destination* dest) {
 467         return MB2BYTES(128);
 468 }
 469
 470 static int hw_device_has_p_suffix(const struct hw_destination* dest) {
 471         // All RAID devices have the p suffix.
 472         if (dest->is_raid)
 473                 return 1;
 474
 475         // Devices with a number at the end have the p suffix, too.
 476         // e.g. mmcblk0, cciss0
 477         unsigned int last_char = strlen(dest->path) - 1;
 478         if ((dest->path[last_char] >= '0') && (dest->path[last_char] <= '9'))
 479                 return 1;
 480
 481         return 0;
 482 }
 483
 484 static int hw_calculate_partition_table(struct hw* hw, struct hw_destination* dest, int disable_swap) {
 485         char path[DEV_SIZE];
 486         int part_idx = 1;
 487
 488         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", dest->path,
 489                 hw_device_has_p_suffix(dest) ? "p" : "");
 490         dest->part_boot_idx = 0;
 491
 492         // Determine the size of the target block device
 493         if (dest->is_raid) {
 494                 dest->size = (dest->disk1->size >= dest->disk2->size) ?
 495                         dest->disk2->size : dest->disk1->size;
 496
 497                 // The RAID will install some metadata at the end of the disk
 498                 // and we will save up some space for that.
 499                 dest->size -= MB2BYTES(2);
 500         } else {
 501                 dest->size = dest->disk1->size;
 502         }
 503
 504         // As we add some extra space before the beginning of the first
 505         // partition, we need to substract that here.
 506         dest->size -= MB2BYTES(1);
 507
 508         // Add some more space for partition tables, etc.
 509         dest->size -= MB2BYTES(1);
 510
 511         // The disk has to have at least 2GB
 512         if (dest->size <= MB2BYTES(2048))
 513                 return -1;
 514
 515         // Determine partition table
 516         dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_MSDOS;
 517
 518         // Disks over 2TB need to use GPT
 519         if (dest->size >= MB2BYTES(2047 * 1024))
 520                 dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_GPT;
 521
 522         // We also use GPT on raid disks by default
 523         else if (dest->is_raid)
 524                 dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_GPT;
 525
 526         // When using GPT, GRUB2 needs a little bit of space to put
 527         // itself in.
 528         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) {
 529                 snprintf(dest->part_bootldr, sizeof(dest->part_bootldr),
 530                         "%s%d", path, part_idx);
 531
 532                 dest->size_bootldr = MB2BYTES(4);
 533
 534                 dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx++;
 535         } else {
 536                 *dest->part_bootldr = '\0';
 537                 dest->size_bootldr = 0;
 538         }
 539
 540         dest->size_boot = hw_boot_size(dest);
 541
 542         // Create an EFI partition when running in EFI mode
 543         if (hw->efi)
 544                 dest->size_boot_efi = MB2BYTES(32);
 545         else
 546                 dest->size_boot_efi = 0;
 547
 548         // Determine the size of the data partition.
 549         unsigned long long space_left = dest->size - \
 550                 (dest->size_bootldr + dest->size_boot + dest->size_boot_efi);
 551
 552         // If we have less than 2GB left, we disable swap
 553         if (space_left <= MB2BYTES(2048))
 554                 disable_swap = 1;
 555
 556         // Should we use swap?
 557         if (disable_swap)
 558                 dest->size_swap = 0;
 559         else
 560                 dest->size_swap = hw_swap_size(dest);
 561
 562         // Subtract swap
 563         space_left -= dest->size_swap;
 564
 565         // Root is getting what ever is left
 566         dest->size_root = space_left;
 567
 568         // Set partition names
 569         if (dest->size_boot > 0) {
 570                 if (dest->part_boot_idx == 0)
 571                         dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx;
 572
 573                 snprintf(dest->part_boot, sizeof(dest->part_boot), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 574         } else
 575                 *dest->part_boot = '\0';
 576
 577         if (dest->size_boot_efi > 0) {
 578                 dest->part_boot_efi_idx = part_idx;
 579
 580                 snprintf(dest->part_boot_efi, sizeof(dest->part_boot_efi),
 581                         "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 582         } else {
 583                 *dest->part_boot_efi = '\0';
 584                 dest->part_boot_efi_idx = 0;
 585         }
 586
 587         if (dest->size_swap > 0)
 588                 snprintf(dest->part_swap, sizeof(dest->part_swap), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 589         else
 590                 *dest->part_swap = '\0';
 591
 592         // There is always a root partition
 593         if (dest->part_boot_idx == 0)
 594                 dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx;
 595
 596         snprintf(dest->part_root, sizeof(dest->part_root), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 597
 598         return 0;
 599 }
 600
 601 struct hw_destination* hw_make_destination(struct hw* hw, int part_type, struct hw_disk** disks, int disable_swap) {
 602         struct hw_destination* dest = malloc(sizeof(*dest));
 603
 604         if (part_type == HW_PART_TYPE_NORMAL) {
 605                 dest->disk1 = *disks;
 606                 dest->disk2 = NULL;
 607
 608                 strncpy(dest->path, dest->disk1->path, sizeof(dest->path));
 609
 610         } else if (part_type == HW_PART_TYPE_RAID1) {
 611                 dest->disk1 = *disks++;
 612                 dest->disk2 = *disks;
 613                 dest->raid_level = 1;
 614
 615                 snprintf(dest->path, sizeof(dest->path), "/dev/md0");
 616         }
 617
 618         // Is this a RAID device?
 619         dest->is_raid = (part_type > HW_PART_TYPE_NORMAL);
 620
 621         int r = hw_calculate_partition_table(hw, dest, disable_swap);
 622         if (r)
 623                 return NULL;
 624
 625         // Set default filesystem
 626         dest->filesystem = HW_FS_DEFAULT;
 627
 628         return dest;
 629 }
 630
 631 unsigned long long hw_memory() {
 632         struct sysinfo si;
 633
 634         int r = sysinfo(&si);
 635         if (r < 0)
 636                 return 0;
 637
 638         return si.totalram;
 639 }
 640
 641 static int hw_zero_out_device(const char* path, int bytes) {
 642         char block[512];
 643         memset(block, 0, sizeof(block));
 644
 645         int blocks = bytes / sizeof(block);
 646
 647         int fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
 648         if (fd < 0)
 649                 return -1;
 650
 651         unsigned int bytes_written = 0;
 652         while (blocks-- > 0) {
 653                 bytes_written += write(fd, block, sizeof(block));
 654         }
 655
 656         fsync(fd);
 657         close(fd);
 658
 659         return bytes_written;
 660 }
 661
 662 static int try_open(const char* path) {
 663         FILE* f = fopen(path, "r");
 664         if (f) {
 665                 fclose(f);
 666                 return 0;
 667         }
 668
 669         return -1;
 670 }
 671
 672 int hw_create_partitions(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 673         // Before we write a new partition table to the disk, we will erase
 674         // the first couple of megabytes at the beginning of the device to
 675         // get rid of all left other things like bootloaders and partition tables.
 676         // This solves some problems when changing from MBR to GPT partitions or
 677         // the other way around.
 678         int r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->path, MB2BYTES(10));
 679         if (r <= 0)
 680                 return r;
 681
 682         char* cmd = NULL;
 683         asprintf(&cmd, "/usr/sbin/parted -s %s -a optimal", dest->path);
 684
 685         // Set partition type
 686         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_MSDOS)
 687                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mklabel msdos", cmd);
 688         else if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT)
 689                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mklabel gpt", cmd);
 690
 691         unsigned long long part_start = MB2BYTES(1);
 692
 693         if (*dest->part_bootldr) {
 694                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 695                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "BOOTLDR" : "primary",
 696                 part_start, part_start + dest->size_bootldr - 1);
 697
 698                 part_start += dest->size_bootldr;
 699         }
 700
 701         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 702                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 703                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "BOOT" : "primary",
 704                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_boot - 1);
 705
 706                 part_start += dest->size_boot;
 707         }
 708
 709         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 710                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s fat32 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 711                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "ESP" : "primary",
 712                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_boot_efi - 1);
 713
 714                 part_start += dest->size_boot_efi;
 715         }
 716
 717         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 718                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s linux-swap %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 719                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "SWAP" : "primary",
 720                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_swap - 1);
 721
 722                 part_start += dest->size_swap;
 723         }
 724
 725         if (*dest->part_root) {
 726                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 727                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "ROOT" : "primary",
 728                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_root - 1);
 729
 730                 part_start += dest->size_root;
 731         }
 732
 733         if (dest->part_boot_idx > 0)
 734                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d boot on", cmd, dest->part_boot_idx);
 735
 736         if (dest->part_boot_efi_idx > 0)
 737                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d esp on", cmd, dest->part_boot_efi_idx);
 738
 739         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) {
 740                 if (*dest->part_bootldr) {
 741                         asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d bios_grub on", cmd, dest->part_boot_idx);
 742                 }
 743         }
 744
 745         r = mysystem(output, cmd);
 746
 747         // Wait until the system re-read the partition table
 748         if (r == 0) {
 749                 unsigned int counter = 10;
 750
 751                 while (counter-- > 0) {
 752                         sleep(1);
 753
 754                         if (*dest->part_bootldr && (try_open(dest->part_bootldr) != 0))
 755                                 continue;
 756
 757                         if (*dest->part_boot && (try_open(dest->part_boot) != 0))
 758                                 continue;
 759
 760                         if (*dest->part_boot_efi && (try_open(dest->part_boot_efi) != 0))
 761                                 continue;
 762
 763                         if (*dest->part_swap && (try_open(dest->part_swap) != 0))
 764                                 continue;
 765
 766                         if (*dest->part_root && (try_open(dest->part_root) != 0))
 767                                 continue;
 768
 769                         // All partitions do exist, exiting the loop.
 770                         break;
 771                 }
 772         }
 773
 774         if (cmd)
 775                 free(cmd);
 776
 777         return r;
 778 }
 779
 780 static int hw_format_filesystem(const char* path, int fs, const char* output) {
 781         char cmd[STRING_SIZE] = "\0";
 782
 783         // Swap
 784         if (fs == HW_FS_SWAP) {
 785                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkswap -v1 %s &>/dev/null", path);
 786         // ReiserFS
 787         } else if (fs == HW_FS_REISERFS) {
 788                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkreiserfs -f %s ", path);
 789
 790         // EXT4
 791         } else if (fs == HW_FS_EXT4) {
 792                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mke2fs -FF -T ext4 %s", path);
 793
 794         // EXT4 w/o journal
 795         } else if (fs == HW_FS_EXT4_WO_JOURNAL) {
 796                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mke2fs -FF -T ext4 -O ^has_journal %s", path);
 797
 798         // XFS
 799         } else if (fs == HW_FS_XFS) {
 800                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkfs.xfs -f %s", path);
 801
 802         // FAT32
 803         } else if (fs == HW_FS_FAT32) {
 804                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkfs.vfat %s", path);
 805         }
 806
 807         assert(*cmd);
 808
 809         int r = mysystem(output, cmd);
 810
 811         return r;
 812 }
 813
 814 int hw_create_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 815         int r;
 816
 817         // boot
 818         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 819                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_boot, dest->filesystem, output);
 820                 if (r)
 821                         return r;
 822         }
 823
 824         // ESP
 825         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 826                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_boot_efi, HW_FS_FAT32, output);
 827                 if (r)
 828                         return r;
 829         }
 830
 831         // swap
 832         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 833                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_swap, HW_FS_SWAP, output);
 834                 if (r)
 835                         return r;
 836         }
 837
 838         // root
 839         r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_root, dest->filesystem, output);
 840         if (r)
 841                 return r;
 842
 843         return 0;
 844 }
 845
 846 int hw_mount_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* prefix) {
 847         char target[STRING_SIZE];
 848
 849         assert(*prefix == '/');
 850
 851         const char* filesystem;
 852         switch (dest->filesystem) {
 853                 case HW_FS_REISERFS:
 854                         filesystem = "reiserfs";
 855                         break;
 856
 857                 case HW_FS_EXT4:
 858                 case HW_FS_EXT4_WO_JOURNAL:
 859                         filesystem = "ext4";
 860                         break;
 861
 862                 case HW_FS_XFS:
 863                         filesystem = "xfs";
 864                         break;
 865
 866                 case HW_FS_FAT32:
 867                         filesystem = "vfat";
 868                         break;
 869
 870                 default:
 871                         assert(0);
 872         }
 873
 874         // root
 875         int r = hw_mount(dest->part_root, prefix, filesystem, 0);
 876         if (r)
 877                 return r;
 878
 879         // boot
 880         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 881                 snprintf(target, sizeof(target), "%s%s", prefix, HW_PATH_BOOT);
 882                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 883
 884                 r = hw_mount(dest->part_boot, target, filesystem, 0);
 885                 if (r) {
 886                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 887
 888                         return r;
 889                 }
 890         }
 891
 892         // ESP
 893         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 894                 snprintf(target, sizeof(target), "%s%s", prefix, HW_PATH_BOOT_EFI);
 895                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 896
 897                 r = hw_mount(dest->part_boot_efi, target, "vfat", 0);
 898                 if (r) {
 899                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 900
 901                         return r;
 902                 }
 903         }
 904
 905         // swap
 906         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 907                 r = swapon(dest->part_swap, 0);
 908                 if (r) {
 909                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 910
 911                         return r;
 912                 }
 913         }
 914
 915         // bind-mount misc filesystems
 916         r = hw_bind_mount("/dev", prefix);
 917         if (r)
 918                 return r;
 919
 920         r = hw_bind_mount("/proc", prefix);
 921         if (r)
 922                 return r;
 923
 924         r = hw_bind_mount("/sys", prefix);
 925         if (r)
 926                 return r;
 927
 928         r = hw_bind_mount("/sys/firmware/efi/efivars", prefix);
 929         if (r && errno != ENOENT)
 930                 return r;
 931
 932         return 0;
 933 }
 934
 935 int hw_umount_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* prefix) {
 936         int r;
 937         char target[STRING_SIZE];
 938
 939         // Write all buffers to disk before umounting
 940         hw_sync();
 941
 942         // ESP
 943         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 944                 r = hw_umount(HW_PATH_BOOT_EFI, prefix);
 945                 if (r)
 946                         return -1;
 947         }
 948
 949         // boot
 950         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 951                 r = hw_umount(HW_PATH_BOOT, prefix);
 952                 if (r)
 953                         return -1;
 954         }
 955
 956         // swap
 957         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 958                 swapoff(dest->part_swap);
 959         }
 960
 961         // misc filesystems
 962         r = hw_umount("/sys/firmware/efi/efivars", prefix);
 963         if (r)
 964                 return -1;
 965
 966         r = hw_umount("/sys", prefix);
 967         if (r)
 968                 return -1;
 969
 970         r = hw_umount("/proc", prefix);
 971         if (r)
 972                 return -1;
 973
 974         r = hw_umount("/dev", prefix);
 975         if (r)
 976                 return -1;
 977
 978         // root
 979         r = hw_umount(prefix, NULL);
 980         if (r)
 981                 return -1;
 982
 983         return 0;
 984 }
 985
 986 int hw_destroy_raid_superblocks(const struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 987         char cmd[STRING_SIZE];
 988
 989         hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(output);
 990         hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(output);
 991
 992         if (dest->disk1) {
 993                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mdadm --zero-superblock %s", dest->disk1->path);
 994                 mysystem(output, cmd);
 995         }
 996
 997         if (dest->disk2) {
 998                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mdadm --zero-superblock %s", dest->disk2->path);
 999                 mysystem(output, cmd);
1000         }
1001
1002         return 0;
1003 }
1004
1005 int hw_setup_raid(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
1006         char* cmd = NULL;
1007         int r;
1008
1009         assert(dest->is_raid);
1010
1011         // Stop all RAID arrays that might be around (again).
1012         // It seems that there is some sort of race-condition with udev re-enabling
1013         // the raid arrays and therefore locking the disks.
1014         r = hw_destroy_raid_superblocks(dest, output);
1015
1016         asprintf(&cmd, "echo \"y\" | /sbin/mdadm --create --verbose --metadata=%s --auto=mdp %s",
1017                 RAID_METADATA, dest->path);
1018
1019         switch (dest->raid_level) {
1020                 case 1:
1021                         asprintf(&cmd, "%s --level=1 --raid-devices=2", cmd);
1022                         break;
1023
1024                 default:
1025                         assert(0);
1026         }
1027
1028         if (dest->disk1) {
1029                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s %s", cmd, dest->disk1->path);
1030
1031                 // Clear all data at the beginning
1032                 r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->disk1->path, MB2BYTES(10));
1033                 if (r <= 0)
1034                         return r;
1035         }
1036
1037         if (dest->disk2) {
1038                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s %s", cmd, dest->disk2->path);
1039
1040                 // Clear all data at the beginning
1041                 r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->disk2->path, MB2BYTES(10));
1042                 if (r <= 0)
1043                         return r;
1044         }
1045
1046         r = mysystem(output, cmd);
1047         free(cmd);
1048
1049         // Wait a moment until the device has been properly brought up
1050         if (r == 0) {
1051                 unsigned int counter = 10;
1052                 while (counter-- > 0) {
1053                         sleep(1);
1054
1055                         // If the raid device has not yet been properly brought up,
1056                         // opening it will fail with the message: Device or resource busy
1057                         // Hence we will wait a bit until it becomes usable.
1058                         if (try_open(dest->path) == 0)
1059                                 break;
1060                 }
1061         }
1062
1063         return r;
1064 }
1065
1066 int hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(const char* output) {
1067         return mysystem(output, "/sbin/mdadm --stop --scan --verbose");
1068 }
1069
1070 int hw_install_bootloader(struct hw* hw, struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
1071         char cmd[STRING_SIZE];
1072
1073         snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/usr/bin/install-bootloader %s", dest->path);
1074         int r = system_chroot(output, DESTINATION_MOUNT_PATH, cmd);
1075         if (r)
1076                 return r;
1077
1078         hw_sync();
1079
1080         return 0;
1081 }
1082
1083 static char* hw_get_uuid(const char* dev) {
1084         blkid_probe p = blkid_new_probe_from_filename(dev);
1085         const char* buffer = NULL;
1086         char* uuid = NULL;
1087
1088         if (!p)
1089                 return NULL;
1090
1091         blkid_do_probe(p);
1092         blkid_probe_lookup_value(p, "UUID", &buffer, NULL);
1093
1094         if (buffer)
1095                 uuid = strdup(buffer);
1096
1097         blkid_free_probe(p);
1098
1099         return uuid;
1100 }
1101
1102 #define FSTAB_FMT "UUID=%s %-8s %-4s %-10s %d %d\n"
1103
1104 int hw_write_fstab(struct hw_destination* dest) {
1105         FILE* f = fopen(DESTINATION_MOUNT_PATH "/etc/fstab", "w");
1106         if (!f)
1107                 return -1;
1108
1109         char* uuid = NULL;
1110
1111         // boot
1112         if (*dest->part_boot) {
1113                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_boot);
1114
1115                 if (uuid) {
1116                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/boot", "auto", "defaults", 1, 2);
1117                         free(uuid);
1118                 }
1119         }
1120
1121         // ESP
1122         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
1123                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_boot_efi);
1124
1125                 if (uuid) {
1126                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/boot/efi", "auto", "defaults", 1, 2);
1127                         free(uuid);
1128                 }
1129         }
1130
1131
1132         // swap
1133         if (*dest->part_swap) {
1134                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_swap);
1135
1136                 if (uuid) {
1137                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "swap", "swap", "defaults,pri=1", 0, 0);
1138                         free(uuid);
1139                 }
1140         }
1141
1142         // root
1143         uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_root);
1144         if (uuid) {
1145                 fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/", "auto", "defaults", 1, 1);
1146                 free(uuid);
1147         }
1148
1149         fclose(f);
1150
1151         return 0;
1152 }
1153
1154 void hw_sync() {
1155         sync();
1156         sync();
1157         sync();
1158 }
1159
1160 int hw_start_networking(const char* output) {
1161         return mysystem(output, "/usr/bin/start-networking.sh");
1162 }
1163
1164 char* hw_find_backup_file(const char* output, const char* search_path) {
1165         char path[STRING_SIZE];
1166
1167         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/backup.ipf", search_path);
1168         int r = access(path, R_OK);
1169
1170         if (r == 0)
1171                 return strdup(path);
1172
1173         return NULL;
1174 }
1175
1176 int hw_restore_backup(const char* output, const char* backup_path, const char* destination) {
1177         char command[STRING_SIZE];
1178
1179         snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "/bin/tar xzpf %s -C %s", backup_path, destination);
1180         int rc = mysystem(output, command);
1181
1182         if (rc)
1183                 return -1;
1184
1185         return 0;
1186 }