src/installer/hw.c

   1 /*#############################################################################
   2 #                                                                             #
   3 # IPFire - An Open Source Firewall Distribution                               #
   4 # Copyright (C) 2014 IPFire development team                                  #
   5 #                                                                             #
   6 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify        #
   7 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by        #
   8 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or           #
   9 # (at your option) any later version.                                         #
  10 #                                                                             #
  11 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,             #
  12 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of              #
  13 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the               #
  14 # GNU General Public License for more details.                                #
  15 #                                                                             #
  16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License           #
  17 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.       #
  18 #                                                                             #
  19 #############################################################################*/
  20
  21 #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
  22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include <assert.h>
  26 #include <blkid/blkid.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <fcntl.h>
  29 #include <libudev.h>
  30 #include <linux/loop.h>
  31 #include <math.h>
  32 #include <stdio.h>
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #include <string.h>
  35 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  36 #include <sys/mount.h>
  37 #include <sys/stat.h>
  38 #include <sys/swap.h>
  39 #include <sys/sysinfo.h>
  40 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  41 #include <unistd.h>
  42
  43 #include <linux/fs.h>
  44
  45 #include <libsmooth.h>
  46
  47 #include "hw.h"
  48
  49 static int system_chroot(const char* output, const char* path, const char* cmd) {
  50         char chroot_cmd[STRING_SIZE];
  51
  52         snprintf(chroot_cmd, sizeof(chroot_cmd), "/usr/sbin/chroot %s %s", path, cmd);
  53
  54         return mysystem(output, chroot_cmd);
  55 }
  56
  57 struct hw* hw_init() {
  58         struct hw* hw = calloc(1, sizeof(*hw));
  59         assert(hw);
  60
  61         // Initialize libudev
  62         hw->udev = udev_new();
  63         if (!hw->udev) {
  64                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not create udev instance\n");
  65                 exit(1);
  66         }
  67
  68         // What architecture are we running on?
  69         struct utsname uname_data;
  70         int ret = uname(&uname_data);
  71         if (ret == 0)
  72                 snprintf(hw->arch, sizeof(hw->arch), "%s", uname_data.machine);
  73
  74         // Should we install in EFI mode?
  75         if ((strcmp(hw->arch, "x86_64") == 0) || (strcmp(hw->arch, "aarch64") == 0))
  76                 hw->efi = 1;
  77
  78         return hw;
  79 }
  80
  81 void hw_free(struct hw* hw) {
  82         if (hw->udev)
  83                 udev_unref(hw->udev);
  84
  85         free(hw);
  86 }
  87
  88 static int strstartswith(const char* a, const char* b) {
  89         return (strncmp(a, b, strlen(b)) == 0);
  90 }
  91
  92 static char loop_device[STRING_SIZE];
  93
  94 static int setup_loop_device(const char* source, const char* device) {
  95         int file_fd = open(source, O_RDWR);
  96         if (file_fd < 0)
  97                 goto ERROR;
  98
  99         int device_fd = -1;
 100         if ((device_fd = open(device, O_RDWR)) < 0)
 101                 goto ERROR;
 102
 103         if (ioctl(device_fd, LOOP_SET_FD, file_fd) < 0)
 104                 goto ERROR;
 105
 106         close(file_fd);
 107         close(device_fd);
 108
 109         return 0;
 110
 111 ERROR:
 112         if (file_fd >= 0)
 113                 close(file_fd);
 114
 115         if (device_fd >= 0) {
 116                 ioctl(device_fd, LOOP_CLR_FD, 0);
 117                 close(device_fd);
 118         }
 119
 120         return -1;
 121 }
 122
 123 int hw_mount(const char* source, const char* target, const char* fs, int flags) {
 124         const char* loop_device = "/dev/loop0";
 125
 126         // Create target if it does not exist
 127         if (access(target, X_OK) != 0)
 128                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 129
 130         struct stat st;
 131         stat(source, &st);
 132
 133         if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
 134                 int r = setup_loop_device(source, loop_device);
 135                 if (r == 0) {
 136                         source = loop_device;
 137                 } else {
 138                         return -1;
 139                 }
 140         }
 141
 142         return mount(source, target, fs, flags, NULL);
 143 }
 144
 145 static int hw_bind_mount(const char* source, const char* prefix) {
 146         if (!source || !prefix) {
 147                 errno = EINVAL;
 148                 return 1;
 149         }
 150
 151         char target[PATH_MAX];
 152         int r;
 153
 154         // Format target
 155         r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s/%s", prefix, source);
 156         if (r < 0)
 157                 return 1;
 158
 159         // Ensure target exists
 160         mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 161
 162         return hw_mount(source, target, NULL, MS_BIND);
 163 }
 164
 165 int hw_umount(const char* source, const char* prefix) {
 166         char target[PATH_MAX];
 167         int r;
 168
 169         if (prefix)
 170                 r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s/%s", prefix, source);
 171         else
 172                 r = snprintf(target, sizeof(target) - 1, "%s", source);
 173         if (r < 0)
 174                 return r;
 175
 176         // Perform umount
 177         r = umount2(target, 0);
 178         if (r) {
 179                 switch (errno) {
 180                         // Try again with force if umount wasn't successful
 181                         case EBUSY:
 182                                 sleep(1);
 183
 184                                 r = umount2(target, MNT_FORCE);
 185                                 break;
 186
 187                         // target wasn't a mountpoint. Ignore.
 188                         case EINVAL:
 189                                 r = 0;
 190                                 break;
 191
 192                         // target doesn't exist
 193                         case ENOENT:
 194                                 r = 0;
 195                                 break;
 196                 }
 197         }
 198
 199         return r;
 200 }
 201
 202 static int hw_test_source_medium(const char* path) {
 203         int ret = hw_mount(path, SOURCE_MOUNT_PATH, "iso9660", MS_RDONLY);
 204
 205         // If the source could not be mounted we
 206         // cannot proceed.
 207         if (ret != 0)
 208                 return ret;
 209
 210         // Check if the test file exists.
 211         ret = access(SOURCE_TEST_FILE, R_OK);
 212
 213         // Umount the test device.
 214         hw_umount(SOURCE_MOUNT_PATH, NULL);
 215
 216         return ret;
 217 }
 218
 219 char* hw_find_source_medium(struct hw* hw) {
 220         char* ret = NULL;
 221
 222         struct udev_enumerate* enumerate = udev_enumerate_new(hw->udev);
 223
 224         udev_enumerate_add_match_subsystem(enumerate, "block");
 225         udev_enumerate_scan_devices(enumerate);
 226
 227         struct udev_list_entry* devices = udev_enumerate_get_list_entry(enumerate);
 228
 229         struct udev_list_entry* dev_list_entry;
 230         udev_list_entry_foreach(dev_list_entry, devices) {
 231                 const char* path = udev_list_entry_get_name(dev_list_entry);
 232                 struct udev_device* dev = udev_device_new_from_syspath(hw->udev, path);
 233
 234                 const char* dev_path = udev_device_get_devnode(dev);
 235
 236                 // Skip everything what we cannot work with
 237                 if (strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/loop") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/fd") ||
 238                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/ram") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/md"))
 239                         continue;
 240
 241                 if (hw_test_source_medium(dev_path) == 0) {
 242                         ret = strdup(dev_path);
 243                 }
 244
 245                 udev_device_unref(dev);
 246
 247                 // If a suitable device was found the search will end.
 248                 if (ret)
 249                         break;
 250         }
 251
 252         udev_enumerate_unref(enumerate);
 253
 254         return ret;
 255 }
 256
 257 static struct hw_disk** hw_create_disks() {
 258         struct hw_disk** ret = malloc(sizeof(*ret) * (HW_MAX_DISKS + 1));
 259
 260         return ret;
 261 }
 262
 263 static unsigned long long hw_block_device_get_size(const char* dev) {
 264         int fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY);
 265         if (fd < 0)
 266                 return 0;
 267
 268         unsigned long long size = blkid_get_dev_size(fd);
 269         close(fd);
 270
 271         return size;
 272 }
 273
 274 struct hw_disk** hw_find_disks(struct hw* hw, const char* sourcedrive) {
 275         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 276         struct hw_disk** disks = ret;
 277
 278         struct udev_enumerate* enumerate = udev_enumerate_new(hw->udev);
 279
 280         udev_enumerate_add_match_subsystem(enumerate, "block");
 281         udev_enumerate_scan_devices(enumerate);
 282
 283         struct udev_list_entry* devices = udev_enumerate_get_list_entry(enumerate);
 284
 285         struct udev_list_entry* dev_list_entry;
 286         unsigned int i = HW_MAX_DISKS;
 287         udev_list_entry_foreach(dev_list_entry, devices) {
 288                 const char* path = udev_list_entry_get_name(dev_list_entry);
 289                 struct udev_device* dev = udev_device_new_from_syspath(hw->udev, path);
 290
 291                 const char* dev_path = udev_device_get_devnode(dev);
 292
 293                 // Skip everything what we cannot work with
 294                 if (strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/loop") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/fd") ||
 295                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/ram") || strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/sr") ||
 296                                 strstartswith(dev_path, "/dev/md")) {
 297                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 298                         continue;
 299                 }
 300
 301                 // Skip sourcedrive if we need to
 302                 if (sourcedrive && (strcmp(dev_path, sourcedrive) == 0)) {
 303                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 304                         continue;
 305                 }
 306
 307                 // DEVTYPE must be disk (otherwise we will see all sorts of partitions here)
 308                 const char* devtype = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "DEVTYPE");
 309                 if (devtype && (strcmp(devtype, "disk") != 0)) {
 310                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 311                         continue;
 312                 }
 313
 314                 // Skip devices with a size of zero
 315                 unsigned long long size = hw_block_device_get_size(dev_path);
 316                 if (size == 0) {
 317                         udev_device_unref(dev);
 318                         continue;
 319                 }
 320
 321                 struct hw_disk* disk = malloc(sizeof(*disk));
 322                 if (disk == NULL)
 323                         return NULL;
 324
 325                 disk->ref = 1;
 326
 327                 strncpy(disk->path, dev_path, sizeof(disk->path));
 328                 const char* p = disk->path + 5;
 329
 330                 disk->size = size;
 331
 332                 // Vendor
 333                 const char* vendor = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "ID_VENDOR");
 334                 if (!vendor)
 335                         vendor = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "vendor");
 336                 if (!vendor)
 337                         vendor = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "manufacturer");
 338
 339                 if (vendor)
 340                         strncpy(disk->vendor, vendor, sizeof(disk->vendor));
 341                 else
 342                         *disk->vendor = '\0';
 343
 344                 // Model
 345                 const char* model = udev_device_get_property_value(dev, "ID_MODEL");
 346                 if (!model)
 347                         model = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "model");
 348                 if (!model)
 349                         model = udev_device_get_sysattr_value(dev, "product");
 350
 351                 if (model)
 352                         strncpy(disk->model, model, sizeof(disk->model));
 353                 else
 354                         *disk->model = '\0';
 355
 356                 // Format description
 357                 char size_str[STRING_SIZE];
 358                 snprintf(size_str, sizeof(size_str), "%4.1fGB", (double)disk->size / pow(1024, 3));
 359
 360                 if (*disk->vendor && *disk->model) {
 361                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 362                                 "%s - %s - %s - %s", size_str, p, disk->vendor, disk->model);
 363
 364                 } else if (*disk->vendor || *disk->model) {
 365                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 366                                 "%s - %s - %s", size_str, p, (*disk->vendor) ? disk->vendor : disk->model);
 367
 368                 } else {
 369                         snprintf(disk->description, sizeof(disk->description),
 370                                 "%s - %s", size_str, p);
 371                 }
 372
 373                 // Cut off the description string after 40 characters
 374                 disk->description[41] = '\0';
 375
 376                 *disks++ = disk;
 377
 378                 if (--i == 0)
 379                         break;
 380
 381                 udev_device_unref(dev);
 382         }
 383
 384         udev_enumerate_unref(enumerate);
 385
 386         *disks = NULL;
 387
 388         return ret;
 389 }
 390
 391 void hw_free_disks(struct hw_disk** disks) {
 392         struct hw_disk** disk = disks;
 393
 394         while (*disk != NULL) {
 395                 if (--(*disk)->ref == 0)
 396                         free(*disk);
 397
 398                 disk++;
 399         }
 400
 401         free(disks);
 402 }
 403
 404 unsigned int hw_count_disks(const struct hw_disk** disks) {
 405         unsigned int ret = 0;
 406
 407         while (*disks++)
 408                 ret++;
 409
 410         return ret;
 411 }
 412
 413 struct hw_disk** hw_select_disks(struct hw_disk** disks, int* selection) {
 414         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 415         struct hw_disk** selected_disks = ret;
 416
 417         unsigned int num_disks = hw_count_disks((const struct hw_disk**)disks);
 418
 419         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_disks; i++) {
 420                 if (!selection || selection[i]) {
 421                         struct hw_disk *selected_disk = disks[i];
 422                         selected_disk->ref++;
 423
 424                         *selected_disks++ = selected_disk;
 425                 }
 426         }
 427
 428         // Set sentinel
 429         *selected_disks = NULL;
 430
 431         return ret;
 432 }
 433
 434 struct hw_disk** hw_select_first_disk(const struct hw_disk** disks) {
 435         struct hw_disk** ret = hw_create_disks();
 436         struct hw_disk** selected_disks = ret;
 437
 438         unsigned int num_disks = hw_count_disks(disks);
 439         assert(num_disks > 0);
 440
 441         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_disks; i++) {
 442                 struct hw_disk *disk = disks[i];
 443                 disk->ref++;
 444
 445                 *selected_disks++ = disk;
 446                 break;
 447         }
 448
 449         // Set sentinel
 450         *selected_disks = NULL;
 451
 452         return ret;
 453 }
 454
 455 static unsigned long long hw_swap_size(struct hw_destination* dest) {
 456         unsigned long long memory = hw_memory();
 457
 458         unsigned long long swap_size = memory / 4;
 459
 460         // Min. swap size is 128MB
 461         if (swap_size < MB2BYTES(128))
 462                 swap_size = MB2BYTES(128);
 463
 464         // Cap swap size to 1GB
 465         else if (swap_size > MB2BYTES(1024))
 466                 swap_size = MB2BYTES(1024);
 467
 468         return swap_size;
 469 }
 470
 471 static unsigned long long hw_boot_size(struct hw_destination* dest) {
 472         return MB2BYTES(128);
 473 }
 474
 475 static int hw_device_has_p_suffix(const struct hw_destination* dest) {
 476         // All RAID devices have the p suffix.
 477         if (dest->is_raid)
 478                 return 1;
 479
 480         // Devices with a number at the end have the p suffix, too.
 481         // e.g. mmcblk0, cciss0
 482         unsigned int last_char = strlen(dest->path) - 1;
 483         if ((dest->path[last_char] >= '0') && (dest->path[last_char] <= '9'))
 484                 return 1;
 485
 486         return 0;
 487 }
 488
 489 static int hw_calculate_partition_table(struct hw* hw, struct hw_destination* dest, int disable_swap) {
 490         char path[DEV_SIZE];
 491         int part_idx = 1;
 492
 493         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", dest->path,
 494                 hw_device_has_p_suffix(dest) ? "p" : "");
 495         dest->part_boot_idx = 0;
 496
 497         // Determine the size of the target block device
 498         if (dest->is_raid) {
 499                 dest->size = (dest->disk1->size >= dest->disk2->size) ?
 500                         dest->disk2->size : dest->disk1->size;
 501
 502                 // The RAID will install some metadata at the end of the disk
 503                 // and we will save up some space for that.
 504                 dest->size -= MB2BYTES(2);
 505         } else {
 506                 dest->size = dest->disk1->size;
 507         }
 508
 509         // As we add some extra space before the beginning of the first
 510         // partition, we need to substract that here.
 511         dest->size -= MB2BYTES(1);
 512
 513         // Add some more space for partition tables, etc.
 514         dest->size -= MB2BYTES(1);
 515
 516         // The disk has to have at least 2GB
 517         if (dest->size <= MB2BYTES(2048))
 518                 return -1;
 519
 520         // Determine partition table
 521         dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_MSDOS;
 522
 523         // Disks over 2TB need to use GPT
 524         if (dest->size >= MB2BYTES(2047 * 1024))
 525                 dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_GPT;
 526
 527         // We also use GPT on raid disks by default
 528         else if (dest->is_raid)
 529                 dest->part_table = HW_PART_TABLE_GPT;
 530
 531         // When using GPT, GRUB2 needs a little bit of space to put
 532         // itself in.
 533         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) {
 534                 snprintf(dest->part_bootldr, sizeof(dest->part_bootldr),
 535                         "%s%d", path, part_idx);
 536
 537                 dest->size_bootldr = MB2BYTES(4);
 538
 539                 dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx++;
 540         } else {
 541                 *dest->part_bootldr = '\0';
 542                 dest->size_bootldr = 0;
 543         }
 544
 545         dest->size_boot = hw_boot_size(dest);
 546
 547         // Create an EFI partition when running in EFI mode
 548         if (hw->efi)
 549                 dest->size_boot_efi = MB2BYTES(32);
 550         else
 551                 dest->size_boot_efi = 0;
 552
 553         // Determine the size of the data partition.
 554         unsigned long long space_left = dest->size - \
 555                 (dest->size_bootldr + dest->size_boot + dest->size_boot_efi);
 556
 557         // If we have less than 2GB left, we disable swap
 558         if (space_left <= MB2BYTES(2048))
 559                 disable_swap = 1;
 560
 561         // Should we use swap?
 562         if (disable_swap)
 563                 dest->size_swap = 0;
 564         else
 565                 dest->size_swap = hw_swap_size(dest);
 566
 567         // Subtract swap
 568         space_left -= dest->size_swap;
 569
 570         // Root is getting what ever is left
 571         dest->size_root = space_left;
 572
 573         // Set partition names
 574         if (dest->size_boot > 0) {
 575                 if (dest->part_boot_idx == 0)
 576                         dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx;
 577
 578                 snprintf(dest->part_boot, sizeof(dest->part_boot), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 579         } else
 580                 *dest->part_boot = '\0';
 581
 582         if (dest->size_boot_efi > 0) {
 583                 dest->part_boot_efi_idx = part_idx;
 584
 585                 snprintf(dest->part_boot_efi, sizeof(dest->part_boot_efi),
 586                         "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 587         } else {
 588                 *dest->part_boot_efi = '\0';
 589                 dest->part_boot_efi_idx = 0;
 590         }
 591
 592         if (dest->size_swap > 0)
 593                 snprintf(dest->part_swap, sizeof(dest->part_swap), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 594         else
 595                 *dest->part_swap = '\0';
 596
 597         // There is always a root partition
 598         if (dest->part_boot_idx == 0)
 599                 dest->part_boot_idx = part_idx;
 600
 601         snprintf(dest->part_root, sizeof(dest->part_root), "%s%d", path, part_idx++);
 602
 603         return 0;
 604 }
 605
 606 struct hw_destination* hw_make_destination(struct hw* hw, int part_type, struct hw_disk** disks, int disable_swap) {
 607         struct hw_destination* dest = malloc(sizeof(*dest));
 608
 609         if (part_type == HW_PART_TYPE_NORMAL) {
 610                 dest->disk1 = *disks;
 611                 dest->disk2 = NULL;
 612
 613                 strncpy(dest->path, dest->disk1->path, sizeof(dest->path));
 614
 615         } else if (part_type == HW_PART_TYPE_RAID1) {
 616                 dest->disk1 = *disks++;
 617                 dest->disk2 = *disks;
 618                 dest->raid_level = 1;
 619
 620                 snprintf(dest->path, sizeof(dest->path), "/dev/md0");
 621         }
 622
 623         // Is this a RAID device?
 624         dest->is_raid = (part_type > HW_PART_TYPE_NORMAL);
 625
 626         int r = hw_calculate_partition_table(hw, dest, disable_swap);
 627         if (r)
 628                 return NULL;
 629
 630         // Set default filesystem
 631         dest->filesystem = HW_FS_DEFAULT;
 632
 633         return dest;
 634 }
 635
 636 unsigned long long hw_memory() {
 637         struct sysinfo si;
 638
 639         int r = sysinfo(&si);
 640         if (r < 0)
 641                 return 0;
 642
 643         return si.totalram;
 644 }
 645
 646 static int hw_zero_out_device(const char* path, int bytes) {
 647         char block[512];
 648         memset(block, 0, sizeof(block));
 649
 650         int blocks = bytes / sizeof(block);
 651
 652         int fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
 653         if (fd < 0)
 654                 return -1;
 655
 656         unsigned int bytes_written = 0;
 657         while (blocks-- > 0) {
 658                 bytes_written += write(fd, block, sizeof(block));
 659         }
 660
 661         fsync(fd);
 662         close(fd);
 663
 664         return bytes_written;
 665 }
 666
 667 static int try_open(const char* path) {
 668         FILE* f = fopen(path, "r");
 669         if (f) {
 670                 fclose(f);
 671                 return 0;
 672         }
 673
 674         return -1;
 675 }
 676
 677 int hw_create_partitions(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 678         // Before we write a new partition table to the disk, we will erase
 679         // the first couple of megabytes at the beginning of the device to
 680         // get rid of all left other things like bootloaders and partition tables.
 681         // This solves some problems when changing from MBR to GPT partitions or
 682         // the other way around.
 683         int r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->path, MB2BYTES(10));
 684         if (r <= 0)
 685                 return r;
 686
 687         char* cmd = NULL;
 688         asprintf(&cmd, "/usr/sbin/parted -s %s -a optimal", dest->path);
 689
 690         // Set partition type
 691         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_MSDOS)
 692                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mklabel msdos", cmd);
 693         else if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT)
 694                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mklabel gpt", cmd);
 695
 696         unsigned long long part_start = MB2BYTES(1);
 697
 698         if (*dest->part_bootldr) {
 699                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 700                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "BOOTLDR" : "primary",
 701                 part_start, part_start + dest->size_bootldr - 1);
 702
 703                 part_start += dest->size_bootldr;
 704         }
 705
 706         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 707                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 708                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "BOOT" : "primary",
 709                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_boot - 1);
 710
 711                 part_start += dest->size_boot;
 712         }
 713
 714         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 715                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s fat32 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 716                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "ESP" : "primary",
 717                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_boot_efi - 1);
 718
 719                 part_start += dest->size_boot_efi;
 720         }
 721
 722         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 723                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s linux-swap %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 724                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "SWAP" : "primary",
 725                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_swap - 1);
 726
 727                 part_start += dest->size_swap;
 728         }
 729
 730         if (*dest->part_root) {
 731                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s mkpart %s ext2 %lluB %lluB", cmd,
 732                         (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) ? "ROOT" : "primary",
 733                         part_start, part_start + dest->size_root - 1);
 734
 735                 part_start += dest->size_root;
 736         }
 737
 738         if (dest->part_boot_idx > 0)
 739                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d boot on", cmd, dest->part_boot_idx);
 740
 741         if (dest->part_boot_efi_idx > 0)
 742                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d esp on", cmd, dest->part_boot_efi_idx);
 743
 744         if (dest->part_table == HW_PART_TABLE_GPT) {
 745                 if (*dest->part_bootldr) {
 746                         asprintf(&cmd, "%s set %d bios_grub on", cmd, dest->part_boot_idx);
 747                 }
 748         }
 749
 750         r = mysystem(output, cmd);
 751
 752         // Wait until the system re-read the partition table
 753         if (r == 0) {
 754                 unsigned int counter = 10;
 755
 756                 while (counter-- > 0) {
 757                         sleep(1);
 758
 759                         if (*dest->part_bootldr && (try_open(dest->part_bootldr) != 0))
 760                                 continue;
 761
 762                         if (*dest->part_boot && (try_open(dest->part_boot) != 0))
 763                                 continue;
 764
 765                         if (*dest->part_boot_efi && (try_open(dest->part_boot_efi) != 0))
 766                                 continue;
 767
 768                         if (*dest->part_swap && (try_open(dest->part_swap) != 0))
 769                                 continue;
 770
 771                         if (*dest->part_root && (try_open(dest->part_root) != 0))
 772                                 continue;
 773
 774                         // All partitions do exist, exiting the loop.
 775                         break;
 776                 }
 777         }
 778
 779         if (cmd)
 780                 free(cmd);
 781
 782         return r;
 783 }
 784
 785 static int hw_format_filesystem(const char* path, int fs, const char* output) {
 786         char cmd[STRING_SIZE] = "\0";
 787
 788         // Swap
 789         if (fs == HW_FS_SWAP) {
 790                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkswap -v1 %s &>/dev/null", path);
 791         // ReiserFS
 792         } else if (fs == HW_FS_REISERFS) {
 793                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkreiserfs -f %s ", path);
 794
 795         // EXT4
 796         } else if (fs == HW_FS_EXT4) {
 797                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mke2fs -FF -T ext4 %s", path);
 798
 799         // EXT4 w/o journal
 800         } else if (fs == HW_FS_EXT4_WO_JOURNAL) {
 801                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mke2fs -FF -T ext4 -O ^has_journal %s", path);
 802
 803         // XFS
 804         } else if (fs == HW_FS_XFS) {
 805                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkfs.xfs -f %s", path);
 806
 807         // FAT32
 808         } else if (fs == HW_FS_FAT32) {
 809                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mkfs.vfat %s", path);
 810         }
 811
 812         assert(*cmd);
 813
 814         int r = mysystem(output, cmd);
 815
 816         return r;
 817 }
 818
 819 int hw_create_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 820         int r;
 821
 822         // boot
 823         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 824                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_boot, dest->filesystem, output);
 825                 if (r)
 826                         return r;
 827         }
 828
 829         // ESP
 830         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 831                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_boot_efi, HW_FS_FAT32, output);
 832                 if (r)
 833                         return r;
 834         }
 835
 836         // swap
 837         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 838                 r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_swap, HW_FS_SWAP, output);
 839                 if (r)
 840                         return r;
 841         }
 842
 843         // root
 844         r = hw_format_filesystem(dest->part_root, dest->filesystem, output);
 845         if (r)
 846                 return r;
 847
 848         return 0;
 849 }
 850
 851 int hw_mount_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* prefix) {
 852         char target[STRING_SIZE];
 853
 854         assert(*prefix == '/');
 855
 856         const char* filesystem;
 857         switch (dest->filesystem) {
 858                 case HW_FS_REISERFS:
 859                         filesystem = "reiserfs";
 860                         break;
 861
 862                 case HW_FS_EXT4:
 863                 case HW_FS_EXT4_WO_JOURNAL:
 864                         filesystem = "ext4";
 865                         break;
 866
 867                 case HW_FS_XFS:
 868                         filesystem = "xfs";
 869                         break;
 870
 871                 case HW_FS_FAT32:
 872                         filesystem = "vfat";
 873                         break;
 874
 875                 default:
 876                         assert(0);
 877         }
 878
 879         // root
 880         int r = hw_mount(dest->part_root, prefix, filesystem, 0);
 881         if (r)
 882                 return r;
 883
 884         // boot
 885         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 886                 snprintf(target, sizeof(target), "%s%s", prefix, HW_PATH_BOOT);
 887                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 888
 889                 r = hw_mount(dest->part_boot, target, filesystem, 0);
 890                 if (r) {
 891                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 892
 893                         return r;
 894                 }
 895         }
 896
 897         // ESP
 898         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 899                 snprintf(target, sizeof(target), "%s%s", prefix, HW_PATH_BOOT_EFI);
 900                 mkdir(target, S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO);
 901
 902                 r = hw_mount(dest->part_boot_efi, target, "vfat", 0);
 903                 if (r) {
 904                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 905
 906                         return r;
 907                 }
 908         }
 909
 910         // swap
 911         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 912                 r = swapon(dest->part_swap, 0);
 913                 if (r) {
 914                         hw_umount_filesystems(dest, prefix);
 915
 916                         return r;
 917                 }
 918         }
 919
 920         // bind-mount misc filesystems
 921         r = hw_bind_mount("/dev", prefix);
 922         if (r)
 923                 return r;
 924
 925         r = hw_bind_mount("/proc", prefix);
 926         if (r)
 927                 return r;
 928
 929         r = hw_bind_mount("/sys", prefix);
 930         if (r)
 931                 return r;
 932
 933         r = hw_bind_mount("/sys/firmware/efi/efivars", prefix);
 934         if (r && errno != ENOENT)
 935                 return r;
 936
 937         return 0;
 938 }
 939
 940 int hw_umount_filesystems(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* prefix) {
 941         int r;
 942         char target[STRING_SIZE];
 943
 944         // Write all buffers to disk before umounting
 945         hw_sync();
 946
 947         // ESP
 948         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
 949                 r = hw_umount(HW_PATH_BOOT_EFI, prefix);
 950                 if (r)
 951                         return -1;
 952         }
 953
 954         // boot
 955         if (*dest->part_boot) {
 956                 r = hw_umount(HW_PATH_BOOT, prefix);
 957                 if (r)
 958                         return -1;
 959         }
 960
 961         // swap
 962         if (*dest->part_swap) {
 963                 swapoff(dest->part_swap);
 964         }
 965
 966         // misc filesystems
 967         r = hw_umount("/sys/firmware/efi/efivars", prefix);
 968         if (r)
 969                 return -1;
 970
 971         r = hw_umount("/sys", prefix);
 972         if (r)
 973                 return -1;
 974
 975         r = hw_umount("/proc", prefix);
 976         if (r)
 977                 return -1;
 978
 979         r = hw_umount("/dev", prefix);
 980         if (r)
 981                 return -1;
 982
 983         // root
 984         r = hw_umount(prefix, NULL);
 985         if (r)
 986                 return -1;
 987
 988         return 0;
 989 }
 990
 991 int hw_destroy_raid_superblocks(const struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
 992         char cmd[STRING_SIZE];
 993
 994         hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(output);
 995         hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(output);
 996
 997         if (dest->disk1) {
 998                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mdadm --zero-superblock %s", dest->disk1->path);
 999                 mysystem(output, cmd);
1000         }
1001
1002         if (dest->disk2) {
1003                 snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/sbin/mdadm --zero-superblock %s", dest->disk2->path);
1004                 mysystem(output, cmd);
1005         }
1006
1007         return 0;
1008 }
1009
1010 int hw_setup_raid(struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
1011         char* cmd = NULL;
1012         int r;
1013
1014         assert(dest->is_raid);
1015
1016         // Stop all RAID arrays that might be around (again).
1017         // It seems that there is some sort of race-condition with udev re-enabling
1018         // the raid arrays and therefore locking the disks.
1019         r = hw_destroy_raid_superblocks(dest, output);
1020
1021         asprintf(&cmd, "echo \"y\" | /sbin/mdadm --create --verbose --metadata=%s --auto=mdp %s",
1022                 RAID_METADATA, dest->path);
1023
1024         switch (dest->raid_level) {
1025                 case 1:
1026                         asprintf(&cmd, "%s --level=1 --raid-devices=2", cmd);
1027                         break;
1028
1029                 default:
1030                         assert(0);
1031         }
1032
1033         if (dest->disk1) {
1034                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s %s", cmd, dest->disk1->path);
1035
1036                 // Clear all data at the beginning
1037                 r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->disk1->path, MB2BYTES(10));
1038                 if (r <= 0)
1039                         return r;
1040         }
1041
1042         if (dest->disk2) {
1043                 asprintf(&cmd, "%s %s", cmd, dest->disk2->path);
1044
1045                 // Clear all data at the beginning
1046                 r = hw_zero_out_device(dest->disk2->path, MB2BYTES(10));
1047                 if (r <= 0)
1048                         return r;
1049         }
1050
1051         r = mysystem(output, cmd);
1052         free(cmd);
1053
1054         // Wait a moment until the device has been properly brought up
1055         if (r == 0) {
1056                 unsigned int counter = 10;
1057                 while (counter-- > 0) {
1058                         sleep(1);
1059
1060                         // If the raid device has not yet been properly brought up,
1061                         // opening it will fail with the message: Device or resource busy
1062                         // Hence we will wait a bit until it becomes usable.
1063                         if (try_open(dest->path) == 0)
1064                                 break;
1065                 }
1066         }
1067
1068         return r;
1069 }
1070
1071 int hw_stop_all_raid_arrays(const char* output) {
1072         return mysystem(output, "/sbin/mdadm --stop --scan --verbose");
1073 }
1074
1075 int hw_install_bootloader(struct hw* hw, struct hw_destination* dest, const char* output) {
1076         char cmd[STRING_SIZE];
1077
1078         snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "/usr/bin/install-bootloader %s", dest->path);
1079         int r = system_chroot(output, DESTINATION_MOUNT_PATH, cmd);
1080         if (r)
1081                 return r;
1082
1083         hw_sync();
1084
1085         return 0;
1086 }
1087
1088 static char* hw_get_uuid(const char* dev) {
1089         blkid_probe p = blkid_new_probe_from_filename(dev);
1090         const char* buffer = NULL;
1091         char* uuid = NULL;
1092
1093         if (!p)
1094                 return NULL;
1095
1096         blkid_do_probe(p);
1097         blkid_probe_lookup_value(p, "UUID", &buffer, NULL);
1098
1099         if (buffer)
1100                 uuid = strdup(buffer);
1101
1102         blkid_free_probe(p);
1103
1104         return uuid;
1105 }
1106
1107 #define FSTAB_FMT "UUID=%s %-8s %-4s %-10s %d %d\n"
1108
1109 int hw_write_fstab(struct hw_destination* dest) {
1110         FILE* f = fopen(DESTINATION_MOUNT_PATH "/etc/fstab", "w");
1111         if (!f)
1112                 return -1;
1113
1114         char* uuid = NULL;
1115
1116         // boot
1117         if (*dest->part_boot) {
1118                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_boot);
1119
1120                 if (uuid) {
1121                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/boot", "auto", "defaults", 1, 2);
1122                         free(uuid);
1123                 }
1124         }
1125
1126         // ESP
1127         if (*dest->part_boot_efi) {
1128                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_boot_efi);
1129
1130                 if (uuid) {
1131                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/boot/efi", "auto", "defaults", 1, 2);
1132                         free(uuid);
1133                 }
1134         }
1135
1136
1137         // swap
1138         if (*dest->part_swap) {
1139                 uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_swap);
1140
1141                 if (uuid) {
1142                         fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "swap", "swap", "defaults,pri=1", 0, 0);
1143                         free(uuid);
1144                 }
1145         }
1146
1147         // root
1148         uuid = hw_get_uuid(dest->part_root);
1149         if (uuid) {
1150                 fprintf(f, FSTAB_FMT, uuid, "/", "auto", "defaults", 1, 1);
1151                 free(uuid);
1152         }
1153
1154         fclose(f);
1155
1156         return 0;
1157 }
1158
1159 void hw_sync() {
1160         sync();
1161         sync();
1162         sync();
1163 }
1164
1165 int hw_start_networking(const char* output) {
1166         return mysystem(output, "/usr/bin/start-networking.sh");
1167 }
1168
1169 char* hw_find_backup_file(const char* output, const char* search_path) {
1170         char path[STRING_SIZE];
1171
1172         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/backup.ipf", search_path);
1173         int r = access(path, R_OK);
1174
1175         if (r == 0)
1176                 return strdup(path);
1177
1178         return NULL;
1179 }
1180
1181 int hw_restore_backup(const char* output, const char* backup_path, const char* destination) {
1182         char command[STRING_SIZE];
1183
1184         snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "/bin/tar xzpf %s -C %s", backup_path, destination);
1185         int rc = mysystem(output, command);
1186
1187         if (rc)
1188                 return -1;
1189
1190         return 0;
1191 }