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[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2
3 #if HAVE_BLKID
4 #endif
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <getopt.h>
7 #include <linux/fs.h>
8 #include <linux/loop.h>
9 #if HAVE_SELINUX
10 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
11 #endif
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <sys/file.h>
14 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
15 #include <sys/personality.h>
16 #include <sys/prctl.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <termios.h>
20 #include <unistd.h>
21
22 #include "sd-bus.h"
23 #include "sd-daemon.h"
24 #include "sd-id128.h"
25
26 #include "alloc-util.h"
27 #include "barrier.h"
28 #include "base-filesystem.h"
29 #include "blkid-util.h"
30 #include "btrfs-util.h"
31 #include "build.h"
32 #include "bus-error.h"
33 #include "bus-locator.h"
34 #include "bus-util.h"
35 #include "cap-list.h"
36 #include "capability-util.h"
37 #include "cgroup-util.h"
38 #include "chase.h"
39 #include "common-signal.h"
40 #include "copy.h"
41 #include "cpu-set-util.h"
42 #include "creds-util.h"
43 #include "dev-setup.h"
44 #include "discover-image.h"
45 #include "dissect-image.h"
46 #include "env-util.h"
47 #include "escape.h"
48 #include "fd-util.h"
49 #include "fdset.h"
50 #include "fileio.h"
51 #include "format-util.h"
52 #include "fs-util.h"
53 #include "gpt.h"
54 #include "hexdecoct.h"
55 #include "hostname-setup.h"
56 #include "hostname-util.h"
57 #include "id128-util.h"
58 #include "io-util.h"
59 #include "log.h"
60 #include "loop-util.h"
61 #include "loopback-setup.h"
62 #include "macro.h"
63 #include "main-func.h"
64 #include "missing_sched.h"
65 #include "mkdir.h"
66 #include "mount-util.h"
67 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
68 #include "namespace-util.h"
69 #include "netlink-util.h"
70 #include "nspawn-bind-user.h"
71 #include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
72 #include "nspawn-creds.h"
73 #include "nspawn-def.h"
74 #include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
75 #include "nspawn-mount.h"
76 #include "nspawn-network.h"
77 #include "nspawn-oci.h"
78 #include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
79 #include "nspawn-register.h"
80 #include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
81 #include "nspawn-settings.h"
82 #include "nspawn-setuid.h"
83 #include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
84 #include "nspawn-util.h"
85 #include "nspawn.h"
86 #include "nulstr-util.h"
87 #include "os-util.h"
88 #include "pager.h"
89 #include "parse-argument.h"
90 #include "parse-util.h"
91 #include "pretty-print.h"
92 #include "process-util.h"
93 #include "ptyfwd.h"
94 #include "random-util.h"
95 #include "raw-clone.h"
96 #include "resolve-util.h"
97 #include "rlimit-util.h"
98 #include "rm-rf.h"
99 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
100 #include "seccomp-util.h"
101 #endif
102 #include "selinux-util.h"
103 #include "signal-util.h"
104 #include "socket-util.h"
105 #include "stat-util.h"
106 #include "stdio-util.h"
107 #include "string-table.h"
108 #include "string-util.h"
109 #include "strv.h"
110 #include "sysctl-util.h"
111 #include "terminal-util.h"
112 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
113 #include "umask-util.h"
114 #include "unit-name.h"
115 #include "user-util.h"
116
117 /* The notify socket inside the container it can use to talk to nspawn using the sd_notify(3) protocol */
118 #define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/host/notify"
119 #define NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL "/run/host/incoming"
120
121 #define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
122
123 typedef enum ContainerStatus {
124 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
125 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
126 } ContainerStatus;
127
128 static char *arg_directory = NULL;
129 static char *arg_template = NULL;
130 static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
131 static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
132 static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
133 static char *arg_user = NULL;
134 static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
135 static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
136 static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
137 static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
138 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
139 static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
140 static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
141 static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
142 static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
143 static char *arg_slice = NULL;
144 static bool arg_private_network = false;
145 static bool arg_read_only = false;
146 static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
147 static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
148 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
149 static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
150 static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
151 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
153 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
162 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
163 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
166 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
167 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
168 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
176 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
177 static uint64_t arg_caps_ambient = 0;
178 static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
179 static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
180 static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
181 static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
182 static bool arg_quiet = false;
183 static bool arg_register = true;
184 static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
185 static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
186 static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
187 static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
188 static bool arg_network_veth = false;
189 static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
190 static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
191 static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
192 static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
193 static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
194 static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
195 static char *arg_image = NULL;
196 static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
197 static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
198 static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
199 static char **arg_property = NULL;
200 static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
201 static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
202 static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
203 static UserNamespaceOwnership arg_userns_ownership = _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_INVALID;
204 static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
205 static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
206 static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
207 static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
208 static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
209 static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
210 static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
211 static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
212 static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
213 static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
214 static VeritySettings arg_verity_settings = VERITY_SETTINGS_DEFAULT;
215 static char **arg_syscall_allow_list = NULL;
216 static char **arg_syscall_deny_list = NULL;
217 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
218 static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
219 #endif
220 static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
221 static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
222 static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
223 static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
224 static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
225 static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
226 static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
227 static unsigned arg_console_width = UINT_MAX, arg_console_height = UINT_MAX;
228 static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
229 static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
230 static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
231 static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
232 static Credential *arg_credentials = NULL;
233 static size_t arg_n_credentials = 0;
234 static char **arg_bind_user = NULL;
235 static bool arg_suppress_sync = false;
236 static char *arg_settings_filename = NULL;
237 static Architecture arg_architecture = _ARCHITECTURE_INVALID;
238 static ImagePolicy *arg_image_policy = NULL;
239
240 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
241 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
242 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
243 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
244 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
245 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
246 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
247 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
248 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
249 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
250 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
251 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
252 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
253 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
254 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
255 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
256 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
257 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
258 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
259 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
260 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
261 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
262 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
263 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_verity_settings, verity_settings_done);
264 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_allow_list, strv_freep);
265 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_deny_list, strv_freep);
266 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
267 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
268 #endif
269 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
270 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
271 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_bind_user, strv_freep);
272 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_settings_filename, freep);
273 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image_policy, image_policy_freep);
274
275 static int handle_arg_console(const char *arg) {
276 if (streq(arg, "help")) {
277 puts("autopipe\n"
278 "interactive\n"
279 "passive\n"
280 "pipe\n"
281 "read-only");
282 return 0;
283 }
284
285 if (streq(arg, "interactive"))
286 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
287 else if (streq(arg, "read-only"))
288 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
289 else if (streq(arg, "passive"))
290 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
291 else if (streq(arg, "pipe")) {
292 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0)
293 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE,
294 "Console mode 'pipe' selected, but standard input/output are connected to an interactive TTY. "
295 "Most likely you want to use 'interactive' console mode for proper interactivity and shell job control. "
296 "Proceeding anyway.");
297
298 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
299 } else if (streq(arg, "autopipe")) {
300 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0)
301 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
302 else
303 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
304 } else
305 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
306
307 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
308 return 1;
309 }
310
311 static int help(void) {
312 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
313 int r;
314
315 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
316
317 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
318 if (r < 0)
319 return log_oom();
320
321 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
322 "%5$sSpawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.%6$s\n\n"
323 " -h --help Show this help\n"
324 " --version Print version string\n"
325 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
326 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
327 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n\n"
328 "%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
329 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
330 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
331 " if missing\n"
332 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
333 " remove it after exit\n"
334 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
335 " the container\n"
336 " --image-policy=POLICY Specify disk image dissection policy\n"
337 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
338 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
339 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
340 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
341 " --root-hash-sig=SIG Specify pkcs7 signature of root hash for verity\n"
342 " as a DER encoded PKCS7, either as a path to a file\n"
343 " or as an ASCII base64 encoded string prefixed by\n"
344 " 'base64:'\n"
345 " --verity-data=PATH Specify hash device for verity\n"
346 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
347 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n\n"
348 "%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
349 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
350 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
351 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
352 " -E --setenv=NAME[=VALUE] Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
353 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
354 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
355 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
356 " --suppress-sync=BOOLEAN\n"
357 " Suppress any form of disk data synchronization\n\n"
358 "%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
359 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
360 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
361 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n\n"
362 "%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
363 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
364 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
365 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
366 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
367 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n\n"
368 "%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
369 " --private-users=no Run without user namespacing\n"
370 " --private-users=yes|pick|identity\n"
371 " Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
372 " --private-users=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]\n"
373 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
374 " --private-users-ownership=MODE\n"
375 " Adjust ('chown') or map ('map') OS tree ownership\n"
376 " to private UID/GID range\n"
377 " -U Equivalent to --private-users=pick and\n"
378 " --private-users-ownership=auto\n\n"
379 "%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
380 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
381 " --network-interface=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
382 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
383 " container\n"
384 " --network-macvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
385 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
386 " existing network interface to the container\n"
387 " --network-ipvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
388 " Create an ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
389 " existing network interface to the container\n"
390 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
391 " and container\n"
392 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
393 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
394 " host and container\n"
395 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
396 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
397 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
398 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
399 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
400 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
401 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
402 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
403 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
404 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n\n"
405 "%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
406 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
407 " capability\n"
408 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
409 " --ambient-capability=CAP\n"
410 " Sets the specified capability for the started\n"
411 " process. Not useful if booting a machine.\n"
412 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
413 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
414 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
415 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
416 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
417 " processes in the container\n"
418 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
419 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
420 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n\n"
421 "%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
422 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
423 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
424 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
425 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
426 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n\n"
427 "%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
428 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
429 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
430 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
431 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
432 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n\n"
433 "%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
434 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
435 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
436 " the container\n"
437 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
438 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
439 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
440 " it\n"
441 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
442 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
443 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
444 " the container\n"
445 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
446 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
447 " --bind-user=NAME Bind user from host to container\n\n"
448 "%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
449 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
450 " set up for the container.\n"
451 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n\n"
452 "%3$sCredentials:%4$s\n"
453 " --set-credential=ID:VALUE\n"
454 " Pass a credential with literal value to container.\n"
455 " --load-credential=ID:PATH\n"
456 " Load credential to pass to container from file or\n"
457 " AF_UNIX stream socket.\n"
458 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
459 program_invocation_short_name,
460 link,
461 ansi_underline(),
462 ansi_normal(),
463 ansi_highlight(),
464 ansi_normal());
465
466 return 0;
467 }
468
469 static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
470 size_t i;
471
472 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
473 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
474
475 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
476 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF)
477 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
478 "--private-users-ownership=own may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
479 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
480 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
481 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
482 }
483 }
484
485 return 0;
486 }
487
488 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
489 const char *e, *var = "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY";
490 int r;
491
492 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
493
494 e = getenv(var);
495 if (!e) {
496 /* $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY has been renamed to $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY. */
497 var = "UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY";
498 e = getenv(var);
499 }
500
501 if (!isempty(e)) {
502 r = parse_boolean(e);
503 if (r < 0)
504 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", var);
505 if (r > 0)
506 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
507 else
508 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
509 }
510
511 return 0;
512 }
513
514 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
515 int r;
516
517 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd
518 * in the image actually supports. */
519 r = cg_all_unified();
520 if (r < 0)
521 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
522 if (r > 0) {
523 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
524 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
525 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "230");
526 if (r < 0)
527 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
528 if (r > 0)
529 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
530 else
531 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
532 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
533 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
534 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "233");
535 if (r < 0)
536 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
537 if (r > 0)
538 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
539 else
540 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
541 } else
542 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
543
544 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
545 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
546 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
547
548 return 0;
549 }
550
551 static int parse_capability_spec(const char *spec, uint64_t *ret_mask) {
552 uint64_t mask = 0;
553 int r;
554
555 for (;;) {
556 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
557
558 r = extract_first_word(&spec, &t, ",", 0);
559 if (r < 0)
560 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
561 if (r == 0)
562 break;
563
564 if (streq(t, "help")) {
565 for (int i = 0; i < capability_list_length(); i++) {
566 const char *name;
567
568 name = capability_to_name(i);
569 if (name)
570 puts(name);
571 }
572
573 return 0; /* quit */
574 }
575
576 if (streq(t, "all"))
577 mask = UINT64_MAX;
578 else {
579 r = capability_from_name(t);
580 if (r < 0)
581 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
582
583 mask |= 1ULL << r;
584 }
585 }
586
587 *ret_mask = mask;
588 return 1; /* continue */
589 }
590
591 static int parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
592 int r;
593
594 r = getenv_bool(name);
595 if (r == -ENXIO)
596 return 0;
597 if (r < 0)
598 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", name);
599
600 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
601 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
602 return 0;
603 }
604
605 static int parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
606 const char *e;
607 int r;
608
609 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
610 if (r < 0 && r != -ENXIO)
611 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP: %m");
612 if (r >= 0)
613 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
614
615 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
616 if (streq_ptr(e, "network"))
617 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
618
619 else if (e) {
620 r = parse_boolean(e);
621 if (r < 0)
622 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE: %m");
623
624 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
625 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
626 }
627
628 return 0;
629 }
630
631 static int parse_environment(void) {
632 const char *e;
633 int r;
634
635 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
636 if (r < 0)
637 return r;
638 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
639 if (r < 0)
640 return r;
641 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
642 if (r < 0)
643 return r;
644 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
645 if (r < 0)
646 return r;
647
648 r = parse_mount_settings_env();
649 if (r < 0)
650 return r;
651
652 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
653 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
654 if (!cg_ns_supported())
655 arg_use_cgns = false;
656 else {
657 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
658 if (r < 0) {
659 if (r != -ENXIO)
660 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS: %m");
661
662 arg_use_cgns = true;
663 } else {
664 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
665 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
666 }
667 }
668
669 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
670 if (e)
671 arg_container_service_name = e;
672
673 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC");
674 if (r >= 0)
675 arg_suppress_sync = r;
676 else if (r != -ENXIO)
677 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC, ignoring: %m");
678
679 return detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
680 }
681
682 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
683 enum {
684 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
685 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
686 ARG_UUID,
687 ARG_READ_ONLY,
688 ARG_CAPABILITY,
689 ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY,
690 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
691 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
692 ARG_BIND,
693 ARG_BIND_RO,
694 ARG_TMPFS,
695 ARG_OVERLAY,
696 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
697 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
698 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
699 ARG_REGISTER,
700 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
701 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
702 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
703 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
704 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
705 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
706 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
707 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
708 ARG_PERSONALITY,
709 ARG_VOLATILE,
710 ARG_TEMPLATE,
711 ARG_PROPERTY,
712 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
713 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
714 ARG_SETTINGS,
715 ARG_CHDIR,
716 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
717 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
718 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP,
719 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
720 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
721 ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG,
722 ARG_VERITY_DATA,
723 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
724 ARG_RLIMIT,
725 ARG_HOSTNAME,
726 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
727 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
728 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
729 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
730 ARG_TIMEZONE,
731 ARG_CONSOLE,
732 ARG_PIPE,
733 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
734 ARG_NO_PAGER,
735 ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL,
736 ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL,
737 ARG_BIND_USER,
738 ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC,
739 ARG_IMAGE_POLICY,
740 };
741
742 static const struct option options[] = {
743 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
744 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
745 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
746 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
747 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
748 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
749 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
750 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
751 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
752 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
753 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
754 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
755 { "ambient-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY },
756 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
757 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
758 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
759 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
760 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
761 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
762 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
763 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
764 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
765 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
766 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
767 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
768 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
769 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
770 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
771 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
772 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
773 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
774 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
775 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
776 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
777 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
778 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
779 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
780 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
781 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
782 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
783 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
784 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
785 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
786 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
787 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
788 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
789 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN }, /* obsolete */
790 { "private-users-ownership",required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP},
791 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
792 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
793 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
794 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
795 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
796 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
797 { "root-hash-sig", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG },
798 { "verity-data", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERITY_DATA },
799 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
800 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
801 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
802 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
803 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
804 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
805 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
806 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
807 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
808 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
809 { "set-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL },
810 { "load-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL },
811 { "bind-user", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_USER },
812 { "suppress-sync", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC },
813 { "image-policy", required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE_POLICY },
814 {}
815 };
816
817 int c, r;
818 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
819 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
820
821 assert(argc >= 0);
822 assert(argv);
823
824 /* Resetting to 0 forces the invocation of an internal initialization routine of getopt_long()
825 * that checks for GNU extensions in optstring ('-' or '+' at the beginning). */
826 optind = 0;
827 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
828 switch (c) {
829
830 case 'h':
831 return help();
832
833 case ARG_VERSION:
834 return version();
835
836 case 'D':
837 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
838 if (r < 0)
839 return r;
840
841 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
842 break;
843
844 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
845 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_template);
846 if (r < 0)
847 return r;
848
849 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
850 break;
851
852 case 'i':
853 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
854 if (r < 0)
855 return r;
856
857 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
858 break;
859
860 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
861 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
862 if (r < 0)
863 return r;
864
865 break;
866
867 case 'x':
868 arg_ephemeral = true;
869 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
870 break;
871
872 case 'u':
873 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
874 if (r < 0)
875 return log_oom();
876
877 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
878 break;
879
880 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
881 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
882
883 j = strjoin("vz-", optarg);
884 if (!j)
885 return log_oom();
886
887 if (!ifname_valid(j))
888 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
889 "Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
890
891 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
892
893 arg_network_veth = true;
894 arg_private_network = true;
895 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
896 break;
897 }
898
899 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
900
901 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
902 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
903 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
904
905 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
906 if (r < 0)
907 return log_oom();
908
909 _fallthrough_;
910 case 'n':
911 arg_network_veth = true;
912 arg_private_network = true;
913 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
914 break;
915
916 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
917 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
918 if (r < 0)
919 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
920
921 arg_private_network = true;
922 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
923 break;
924
925 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
926 r = interface_pair_parse(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg);
927 if (r < 0)
928 return r;
929
930 arg_private_network = true;
931 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
932 break;
933
934 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
935 r = macvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg);
936 if (r < 0)
937 return r;
938
939 arg_private_network = true;
940 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
941 break;
942
943 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
944 r = ipvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg);
945 if (r < 0)
946 return r;
947
948 _fallthrough_;
949 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
950 arg_private_network = true;
951 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
952 break;
953
954 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
955 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
956 if (r < 0)
957 return r;
958
959 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
960 break;
961
962 case 'b':
963 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
964 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
965 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
966
967 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
968 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
969 break;
970
971 case 'a':
972 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
973 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
974 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
975
976 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
977 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
978 break;
979
980 case ARG_UUID:
981 r = sd_id128_from_string(optarg, &arg_uuid);
982 if (r < 0)
983 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
984
985 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid))
986 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
987 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
988
989 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
990 break;
991
992 case 'S': {
993 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL;
994
995 r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(optarg, NULL, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN, ".slice", &mangled);
996 if (r < 0)
997 return log_oom();
998
999 free_and_replace(arg_slice, mangled);
1000 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
1001 break;
1002 }
1003
1004 case 'M':
1005 if (isempty(optarg))
1006 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
1007 else {
1008 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1009 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1010 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
1011
1012 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
1013 if (r < 0)
1014 return log_oom();
1015 }
1016 break;
1017
1018 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1019 if (isempty(optarg))
1020 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
1021 else {
1022 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1023 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1024 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
1025
1026 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1027 if (r < 0)
1028 return log_oom();
1029 }
1030
1031 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
1032 break;
1033
1034 case 'Z':
1035 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
1036 break;
1037
1038 case 'L':
1039 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
1040 break;
1041
1042 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
1043 arg_read_only = true;
1044 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
1045 break;
1046
1047 case ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY: {
1048 uint64_t m;
1049 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1050 if (r <= 0)
1051 return r;
1052 arg_caps_ambient |= m;
1053 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1054 break;
1055 }
1056 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
1057 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
1058 uint64_t m;
1059 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1060 if (r <= 0)
1061 return r;
1062
1063 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
1064 plus |= m;
1065 else
1066 minus |= m;
1067 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1068 break;
1069 }
1070 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
1071 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1072 if (r < 0)
1073 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
1074
1075 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
1076 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1077 break;
1078
1079 case 'j':
1080 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
1081 arg_link_journal_try = true;
1082 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1083 break;
1084
1085 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
1086 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
1087 if (r < 0)
1088 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
1089
1090 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1091 break;
1092
1093 case ARG_BIND:
1094 case ARG_BIND_RO:
1095 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
1096 if (r < 0)
1097 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1098
1099 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1100 break;
1101
1102 case ARG_TMPFS:
1103 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1104 if (r < 0)
1105 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1106
1107 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1108 break;
1109
1110 case ARG_OVERLAY:
1111 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
1112 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
1113 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
1114 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
1115 if (r < 0)
1116 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1117
1118 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1119 break;
1120
1121 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
1122 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1123 if (r < 0)
1124 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1125
1126 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1127 break;
1128
1129 case 'E':
1130 r = strv_env_replace_strdup_passthrough(&arg_setenv, optarg);
1131 if (r < 0)
1132 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot assign environment variable %s: %m", optarg);
1133
1134 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
1135 break;
1136
1137 case 'q':
1138 arg_quiet = true;
1139 break;
1140
1141 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
1142 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
1143 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
1144 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
1145 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
1146 break;
1147
1148 case ARG_REGISTER:
1149 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1150 if (r < 0) {
1151 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1152 return r;
1153 }
1154
1155 arg_register = r;
1156 break;
1157
1158 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1159 arg_keep_unit = true;
1160 break;
1161
1162 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1163
1164 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
1165 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1166 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1167 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
1168
1169 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
1170 break;
1171
1172 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1173
1174 if (!optarg)
1175 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
1176 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1177 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1178 return 0;
1179 } else {
1180 VolatileMode m;
1181
1182 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
1183 if (m < 0)
1184 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1185 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1186 else
1187 arg_volatile_mode = m;
1188 }
1189
1190 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1191 break;
1192
1193 case 'p':
1194 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1195 if (r == -EEXIST)
1196 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1197 if (r < 0)
1198 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
1199
1200 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
1201 break;
1202
1203 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1204 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1205 return log_oom();
1206
1207 break;
1208
1209 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
1210 int boolean;
1211
1212 if (!optarg)
1213 boolean = true;
1214 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1215 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1216 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
1217 else
1218 boolean = -1;
1219
1220 if (boolean == 0) {
1221 /* no: User namespacing off */
1222 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1223 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1224 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1225 } else if (boolean > 0) {
1226 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1227 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1228 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1229 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1230 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1231 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
1232 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1233 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1234 * further down. */
1235 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1236 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1237
1238 } else if (streq(optarg, "identity")) {
1239 /* identity: User namespaces on, UID range is map the 0…0xFFFF range to
1240 * itself, i.e. we don't actually map anything, but do take benefit of
1241 * isolation of capability sets. */
1242 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1243 arg_uid_shift = 0;
1244 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1245 } else {
1246 _cleanup_free_ char *buffer = NULL;
1247 const char *range, *shift;
1248
1249 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
1250
1251 range = strchr(optarg, ':');
1252 if (range) {
1253 buffer = strndup(optarg, range - optarg);
1254 if (!buffer)
1255 return log_oom();
1256 shift = buffer;
1257
1258 range++;
1259 r = safe_atou32(range, &arg_uid_range);
1260 if (r < 0)
1261 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range);
1262 } else
1263 shift = optarg;
1264
1265 r = parse_uid(shift, &arg_uid_shift);
1266 if (r < 0)
1267 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg);
1268
1269 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1270
1271 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
1272 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID range cannot be empty or go beyond " UID_FMT ".", UID_INVALID);
1273 }
1274
1275 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1276 break;
1277 }
1278
1279 case 'U':
1280 if (userns_supported()) {
1281 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1282 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1283 * further down. */
1284 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1285 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1286
1287 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1288 }
1289
1290 break;
1291
1292 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
1293 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
1294
1295 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1296 break;
1297
1298 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP:
1299 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1300 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(user_namespace_ownership, UserNamespaceOwnership, _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAX);
1301 return 0;
1302 }
1303
1304 arg_userns_ownership = user_namespace_ownership_from_string(optarg);
1305 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1306 return log_error_errno(arg_userns_ownership, "Cannot parse --user-namespace-ownership= value: %s", optarg);
1307
1308 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1309 break;
1310
1311 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
1312 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1313 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1314 return 0;
1315 }
1316
1317 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
1318 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
1319 return log_error_errno(arg_kill_signal, "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
1320
1321 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1322 break;
1323
1324 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1325
1326 /* no → do not read files
1327 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1328 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1329 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1330 */
1331
1332 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1333 if (r < 0) {
1334 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1335 mask_all_settings = false;
1336 mask_no_settings = false;
1337 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1338
1339 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1340 mask_all_settings = false;
1341 mask_no_settings = true;
1342 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1343 } else
1344 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1345 } else if (r > 0) {
1346 /* yes */
1347 mask_all_settings = false;
1348 mask_no_settings = false;
1349 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1350 } else {
1351 /* no */
1352 mask_all_settings = true;
1353 mask_no_settings = false;
1354 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1355 }
1356
1357 break;
1358
1359 case ARG_CHDIR:
1360 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1361 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1362 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
1363
1364 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir, optarg);
1365 if (r < 0)
1366 return log_oom();
1367
1368 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1369 break;
1370
1371 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1372 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1373 if (r < 0)
1374 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1375
1376 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1377 break;
1378
1379 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1380 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1381 if (r < 0)
1382 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1383 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
1384 arg_notify_ready = r;
1385 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1386 break;
1387
1388 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
1389 _cleanup_free_ void *k = NULL;
1390 size_t l;
1391
1392 r = unhexmem(optarg, strlen(optarg), &k, &l);
1393 if (r < 0)
1394 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
1395 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t))
1396 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128-bit long: %s", optarg);
1397
1398 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash, k);
1399 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_size = l;
1400 break;
1401 }
1402
1403 case ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG: {
1404 char *value;
1405 size_t l;
1406 void *p;
1407
1408 if ((value = startswith(optarg, "base64:"))) {
1409 r = unbase64mem(value, strlen(value), &p, &l);
1410 if (r < 0)
1411 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash signature '%s': %m", optarg);
1412
1413 } else {
1414 r = read_full_file(optarg, (char**) &p, &l);
1415 if (r < 0)
1416 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed parse root hash signature file '%s': %m", optarg);
1417 }
1418
1419 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig, p);
1420 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig_size = l;
1421 break;
1422 }
1423
1424 case ARG_VERITY_DATA:
1425 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_verity_settings.data_path);
1426 if (r < 0)
1427 return r;
1428 break;
1429
1430 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1431 bool negative;
1432 const char *items;
1433
1434 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1435 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1436
1437 for (;;) {
1438 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1439
1440 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1441 if (r == 0)
1442 break;
1443 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1444 return log_oom();
1445 if (r < 0)
1446 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1447
1448 if (negative)
1449 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_deny_list, word);
1450 else
1451 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_allow_list, word);
1452 if (r < 0)
1453 return log_oom();
1454 }
1455
1456 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1457 break;
1458 }
1459
1460 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1461 const char *eq;
1462 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
1463 int rl;
1464
1465 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1466 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1467 return 0;
1468 }
1469
1470 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
1471 if (!eq)
1472 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1473 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
1474
1475 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1476 if (!name)
1477 return log_oom();
1478
1479 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
1480 if (rl < 0)
1481 return log_error_errno(rl, "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
1482
1483 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1484 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1485 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1486 return log_oom();
1487 }
1488
1489 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1490 if (r < 0)
1491 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1492
1493 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1494 break;
1495 }
1496
1497 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1498 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1499 if (r < 0)
1500 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1501
1502 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1503 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1504 break;
1505
1506 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
1507 CPUSet cpuset;
1508
1509 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1510 if (r < 0)
1511 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
1512
1513 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1514 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
1515 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1516 break;
1517 }
1518
1519 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1520 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1521 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1522 return 0;
1523 }
1524
1525 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
1526 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
1527 return log_error_errno(arg_resolv_conf,
1528 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
1529
1530 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1531 break;
1532
1533 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1534 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1535 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1536 return 0;
1537 }
1538
1539 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
1540 if (arg_timezone < 0)
1541 return log_error_errno(arg_timezone,
1542 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1543
1544 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1545 break;
1546
1547 case ARG_CONSOLE:
1548 r = handle_arg_console(optarg);
1549 if (r <= 0)
1550 return r;
1551 break;
1552
1553 case 'P':
1554 case ARG_PIPE:
1555 r = handle_arg_console("pipe");
1556 if (r <= 0)
1557 return r;
1558 break;
1559
1560 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1561 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1562 break;
1563
1564 case ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL: {
1565 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL, *data = NULL;
1566 const char *p = optarg;
1567 Credential *a;
1568 ssize_t l;
1569
1570 r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, ":", EXTRACT_DONT_COALESCE_SEPARATORS);
1571 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1572 return log_oom();
1573 if (r < 0)
1574 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --set-credential= parameter: %m");
1575 if (r == 0 || !p)
1576 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Missing value for --set-credential=: %s", optarg);
1577
1578 if (!credential_name_valid(word))
1579 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Credential name is not valid: %s", word);
1580
1581 for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++)
1582 if (streq(arg_credentials[i].id, word))
1583 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Duplicate credential '%s', refusing.", word);
1584
1585 l = cunescape(p, UNESCAPE_ACCEPT_NUL, &data);
1586 if (l < 0)
1587 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to unescape credential data: %s", p);
1588
1589 a = reallocarray(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials + 1, sizeof(Credential));
1590 if (!a)
1591 return log_oom();
1592
1593 a[arg_n_credentials++] = (Credential) {
1594 .id = TAKE_PTR(word),
1595 .data = TAKE_PTR(data),
1596 .size = l,
1597 };
1598
1599 arg_credentials = a;
1600
1601 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1602 break;
1603 }
1604
1605 case ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL: {
1606 ReadFullFileFlags flags = READ_FULL_FILE_SECURE;
1607 _cleanup_(erase_and_freep) char *data = NULL;
1608 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL, *j = NULL;
1609 const char *p = optarg;
1610 Credential *a;
1611 size_t size, i;
1612
1613 r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, ":", EXTRACT_DONT_COALESCE_SEPARATORS);
1614 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1615 return log_oom();
1616 if (r < 0)
1617 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --load-credential= parameter: %m");
1618 if (r == 0 || !p)
1619 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Missing value for --load-credential=: %s", optarg);
1620
1621 if (!credential_name_valid(word))
1622 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Credential name is not valid: %s", word);
1623
1624 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++)
1625 if (streq(arg_credentials[i].id, word))
1626 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Duplicate credential '%s', refusing.", word);
1627
1628 if (path_is_absolute(p))
1629 flags |= READ_FULL_FILE_CONNECT_SOCKET;
1630 else {
1631 const char *e;
1632
1633 r = get_credentials_dir(&e);
1634 if (r < 0)
1635 return log_error_errno(r, "Credential not available (no credentials passed at all): %s", word);
1636
1637 j = path_join(e, p);
1638 if (!j)
1639 return log_oom();
1640 }
1641
1642 r = read_full_file_full(AT_FDCWD, j ?: p, UINT64_MAX, SIZE_MAX,
1643 flags,
1644 NULL,
1645 &data, &size);
1646 if (r < 0)
1647 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read credential '%s': %m", j ?: p);
1648
1649 a = reallocarray(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials + 1, sizeof(Credential));
1650 if (!a)
1651 return log_oom();
1652
1653 a[arg_n_credentials++] = (Credential) {
1654 .id = TAKE_PTR(word),
1655 .data = TAKE_PTR(data),
1656 .size = size,
1657 };
1658
1659 arg_credentials = a;
1660
1661 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1662 break;
1663 }
1664
1665 case ARG_BIND_USER:
1666 if (!valid_user_group_name(optarg, 0))
1667 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid user name to bind: %s", optarg);
1668
1669 if (strv_extend(&arg_bind_user, optarg) < 0)
1670 return log_oom();
1671
1672 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_BIND_USER;
1673 break;
1674
1675 case ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC:
1676 r = parse_boolean_argument("--suppress-sync=", optarg, &arg_suppress_sync);
1677 if (r < 0)
1678 return r;
1679
1680 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC;
1681 break;
1682
1683 case ARG_IMAGE_POLICY:
1684 r = parse_image_policy_argument(optarg, &arg_image_policy);
1685 if (r < 0)
1686 return r;
1687 break;
1688
1689 case '?':
1690 return -EINVAL;
1691
1692 default:
1693 assert_not_reached();
1694 }
1695
1696 if (argc > optind) {
1697 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1698 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1699 if (!arg_parameters)
1700 return log_oom();
1701
1702 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1703 }
1704
1705 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1706 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1707 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1708 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1709 * --directory=". */
1710 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1711
1712 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
1713 arg_caps_retain |= arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0;
1714
1715 /* If we're not unsharing the network namespace and are unsharing the user namespace, we won't have
1716 * permissions to bind ports in the container, so let's drop the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability to
1717 * indicate that. */
1718 if (!arg_private_network && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && arg_uid_shift > 0)
1719 arg_caps_retain &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE);
1720
1721 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
1722
1723 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
1724 r = parse_environment();
1725 if (r < 0)
1726 return r;
1727
1728 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1729 if (mask_no_settings)
1730 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1731
1732 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1733 if (mask_all_settings)
1734 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1735
1736 return 1;
1737 }
1738
1739 static int verify_arguments(void) {
1740 int r;
1741
1742 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2 && arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
1743 /* If we are running the stub init in the container, we don't need to look at what the init
1744 * in the container supports, because we are not using it. Let's immediately pick the right
1745 * setting based on the host system configuration.
1746 *
1747 * We only do this, if the user didn't use an environment variable to override the detection.
1748 */
1749
1750 r = cg_all_unified();
1751 if (r < 0)
1752 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
1753 if (r > 0)
1754 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
1755 else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0)
1756 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
1757 else
1758 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
1759 }
1760
1761 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1762 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1763
1764 if (arg_private_network)
1765 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1766
1767 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1768 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
1769 arg_register = false;
1770 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
1771 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
1772 }
1773
1774 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1775 arg_userns_ownership =
1776 arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK ? USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO :
1777 USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF;
1778
1779 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1780 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1781
1782 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1783 arg_read_only = true;
1784
1785 if (has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts))
1786 arg_read_only = true;
1787
1788 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
1789 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1790 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
1791 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
1792
1793 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
1794 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1795
1796 if (arg_template && arg_image)
1797 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
1798
1799 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
1800 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
1801
1802 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
1803 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
1804
1805 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO))
1806 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
1807
1808 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
1809 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
1810
1811 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_read_only)
1812 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1813 "--read-only and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1814
1815 /* We don't support --private-users-ownership=chown together with any of the volatile modes since we
1816 * couldn't change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a
1817 * massive copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1818 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1819 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1820
1821 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option (except --private-network),
1822 * we need to error out, to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
1823 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1824 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1825 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1826 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
1827 arg_network_veth))
1828 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
1829
1830 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
1831 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1832 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
1833
1834 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
1835 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
1836
1837 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
1838 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
1839
1840 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
1841 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
1842
1843 if (arg_caps_ambient) {
1844 if (arg_caps_ambient == UINT64_MAX)
1845 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= does not support the value all.");
1846
1847 if ((arg_caps_ambient & arg_caps_retain) != arg_caps_ambient)
1848 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not fully covered by Capability= setting.");
1849
1850 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
1851 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not useful for boot mode.");
1852 }
1853
1854 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !strv_isempty(arg_bind_user))
1855 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--bind-user= requires --private-users");
1856
1857 /* Drop duplicate --bind-user= entries */
1858 strv_uniq(arg_bind_user);
1859
1860 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1861 if (r < 0)
1862 return r;
1863
1864 return 0;
1865 }
1866
1867 static int verify_network_interfaces_initialized(void) {
1868 int r;
1869 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_interfaces);
1870 if (r < 0)
1871 return r;
1872
1873 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_macvlan);
1874 if (r < 0)
1875 return r;
1876
1877 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_ipvlan);
1878 if (r < 0)
1879 return r;
1880
1881 return 0;
1882 }
1883
1884 int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1885 assert(p);
1886
1887 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1888 return 0;
1889
1890 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1891 return 0;
1892
1893 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1894 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1895
1896 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1897 return -EOVERFLOW;
1898 }
1899
1900 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1901 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1902
1903 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1904 return -EOVERFLOW;
1905 }
1906
1907 return RET_NERRNO(lchown(p, uid, gid));
1908 }
1909
1910 int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1911 const char *q;
1912 int r;
1913
1914 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
1915 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(q, mode));
1916 if (r == -EEXIST)
1917 return 0;
1918 if (r < 0)
1919 return r;
1920
1921 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1922 }
1923
1924 static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
1925 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1926 path,
1927 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1928 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1929 }
1930
1931 static bool etc_writable(void) {
1932 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1933 }
1934
1935 static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1936 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1937 const char *where, *check;
1938 TimezoneMode m;
1939 int r;
1940
1941 assert(dest);
1942
1943 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1944 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1945 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1946 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1947 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
1948 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1949 else if (r < 0) {
1950 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1951 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1952 * file.
1953 *
1954 * Example:
1955 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1956 */
1957 return 0;
1958 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1959 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1960 else
1961 m = arg_timezone;
1962 } else
1963 m = arg_timezone;
1964
1965 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1966 return 0;
1967
1968 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
1969 if (r < 0) {
1970 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1971 return 0;
1972 }
1973
1974 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1975
1976 switch (m) {
1977
1978 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1979 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1980 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1981
1982 return 0;
1983
1984 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1985 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1986 const char *z, *what;
1987
1988 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1989 if (!z) {
1990 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
1991 return 0;
1992 }
1993
1994 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1995 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1996 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1997
1998 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1999 r = chase(check, dest, 0, NULL, NULL);
2000 if (r < 0)
2001 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
2002 else {
2003 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
2004 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
2005 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
2006 return 0;
2007 }
2008
2009 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
2010 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
2011 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2012 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
2013 return 0;
2014 }
2015
2016 break;
2017 }
2018
2019 _fallthrough_;
2020 }
2021
2022 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
2023 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2024 int found;
2025
2026 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
2027 if (found < 0) {
2028 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
2029 return 0;
2030 }
2031
2032 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2033 (void) touch(resolved);
2034
2035 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2036 if (r >= 0)
2037 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2038
2039 _fallthrough_;
2040 }
2041
2042 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
2043 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
2044 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
2045 if (r < 0) {
2046 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
2047 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
2048 return 0;
2049 }
2050
2051 break;
2052
2053 default:
2054 assert_not_reached();
2055 }
2056
2057 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
2058 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2059 if (r < 0)
2060 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
2061
2062 return 0;
2063 }
2064
2065 static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
2066 assert(path);
2067
2068 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
2069 if (errno == ENOENT)
2070 return 0;
2071
2072 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
2073 }
2074
2075 return 1;
2076 }
2077
2078 static int resolved_listening(void) {
2079 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2080 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
2081 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
2082 int r;
2083
2084 /* Check if resolved is listening */
2085
2086 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
2087 if (r < 0)
2088 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
2089
2090 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
2091 if (r < 0)
2092 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
2093 if (r == 0)
2094 return 0;
2095
2096 r = bus_get_property_string(bus, bus_resolve_mgr, "DNSStubListener", &error, &dns_stub_listener_mode);
2097 if (r < 0)
2098 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2099
2100 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
2101 }
2102
2103 static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
2104 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
2105 const char *where, *what;
2106 ResolvConfMode m;
2107 int r;
2108
2109 assert(dest);
2110
2111 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
2112 if (arg_private_network)
2113 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2114 else if (have_resolv_conf(PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
2115 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB;
2116 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
2117 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
2118 else
2119 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2120
2121 } else
2122 m = arg_resolv_conf;
2123
2124 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
2125 return 0;
2126
2127 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
2128 if (r < 0) {
2129 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
2130 return 0;
2131 }
2132
2133 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
2134
2135 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
2136 if (unlink(where) < 0)
2137 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
2138
2139 return 0;
2140 }
2141
2142 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
2143 what = PRIVATE_STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
2144 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK))
2145 what = PRIVATE_UPLINK_RESOLV_CONF;
2146 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB))
2147 what = PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF;
2148 else
2149 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
2150
2151 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB)) {
2152 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2153 int found;
2154
2155 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT|CHASE_NOFOLLOW, &resolved, NULL);
2156 if (found < 0) {
2157 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
2158 return 0;
2159 }
2160
2161 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2162 (void) touch(resolved);
2163
2164 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2165 if (r >= 0)
2166 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2167
2168 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
2169 }
2170
2171 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB))
2172 r = copy_file_atomic(what, where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
2173 else
2174 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, COPY_REFLINK);
2175 if (r < 0) {
2176 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
2177 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
2178 *
2179 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
2180 */
2181 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB) &&
2182 IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
2183 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
2184 return 0;
2185 }
2186
2187 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2188 if (r < 0)
2189 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
2190
2191 return 0;
2192 }
2193
2194 static int setup_boot_id(void) {
2195 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2196 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2197 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
2198 const char *to;
2199 int r;
2200
2201 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
2202
2203 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
2204 if (r < 0)
2205 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
2206
2207 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
2208 if (r < 0)
2209 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
2210
2211 r = id128_write(path, ID128_FORMAT_UUID, rnd);
2212 if (r < 0)
2213 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
2214
2215 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
2216 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
2217
2218 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2219 if (r < 0)
2220 return r;
2221
2222 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2223 }
2224
2225 static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
2226 static const char devnodes[] =
2227 "null\0"
2228 "zero\0"
2229 "full\0"
2230 "random\0"
2231 "urandom\0"
2232 "tty\0"
2233 "net/tun\0";
2234
2235 int r = 0;
2236
2237 assert(dest);
2238
2239 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2240
2241 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
2242 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
2243 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
2244
2245 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
2246 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
2247 struct stat st;
2248
2249 from = path_join("/dev/", d);
2250 if (!from)
2251 return log_oom();
2252
2253 to = path_join(dest, from);
2254 if (!to)
2255 return log_oom();
2256
2257 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
2258
2259 if (errno != ENOENT)
2260 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
2261
2262 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
2263 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2264 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
2265 else {
2266 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
2267
2268 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
2269 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
2270 if (errno == EEXIST)
2271 log_notice("%s/dev is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
2272 if (errno != EPERM)
2273 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
2274
2275 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
2276 r = touch(to);
2277 if (r < 0)
2278 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
2279 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2280 if (r < 0)
2281 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
2282 }
2283
2284 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
2285 if (r < 0)
2286 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
2287
2288 dn = path_join("/dev", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
2289 if (!dn)
2290 return log_oom();
2291
2292 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
2293 if (r < 0)
2294 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
2295
2296 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
2297 return log_oom();
2298
2299 prefixed = path_join(dest, sl);
2300 if (!prefixed)
2301 return log_oom();
2302
2303 t = path_join("..", d);
2304 if (!t)
2305 return log_oom();
2306
2307 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
2308 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
2309 }
2310 }
2311
2312 return r;
2313 }
2314
2315 static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
2316 size_t i;
2317 int r;
2318
2319 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2320
2321 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
2322 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2323 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
2324
2325 path = path_join(dest, n->path);
2326 if (!path)
2327 return log_oom();
2328
2329 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
2330 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
2331
2332 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
2333 if (r < 0)
2334 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
2335 }
2336
2337 return 0;
2338 }
2339
2340 static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
2341 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
2342 const char *p;
2343 int r;
2344
2345 #if HAVE_SELINUX
2346 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
2347 (void) asprintf(&options,
2348 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
2349 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2350 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2351 else
2352 #endif
2353 (void) asprintf(&options,
2354 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
2355 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
2356
2357 if (!options)
2358 return log_oom();
2359
2360 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
2361 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
2362 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2363 if (r < 0)
2364 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2365
2366 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
2367 if (r < 0)
2368 return r;
2369 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2370 if (r < 0)
2371 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
2372
2373 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2374 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
2375 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2376 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
2377 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2378 if (r < 0)
2379 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
2380
2381 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2382 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
2383 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2384 if (r < 0)
2385 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
2386
2387 return 0;
2388 }
2389
2390 static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
2391 _cleanup_close_ int terminal = -EBADF;
2392 int r;
2393
2394 /* We open the TTY in O_NOCTTY mode, so that we do not become controller yet. We'll do that later
2395 * explicitly, if we are configured to. */
2396 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2397 if (terminal < 0)
2398 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
2399
2400 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2401 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2402 r = log_dup_console();
2403 if (r < 0)
2404 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
2405
2406 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2407 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2408 TAKE_FD(terminal);
2409 if (r < 0)
2410 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2411
2412 return 0;
2413 }
2414
2415 static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2416 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2417 int r;
2418
2419 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2420 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
2421 if (r < 0)
2422 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2423
2424 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2425 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
2426
2427 return 0;
2428 }
2429
2430 static int setup_keyring(void) {
2431 key_serial_t keyring;
2432
2433 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session
2434 * systemd-nspawn was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block
2435 * keyctl() and request_key() anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary,
2436 * but in case people explicitly allow-list these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything
2437 * into the container. */
2438
2439 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2440 if (keyring == -1) {
2441 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2442 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
2443 else if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
2444 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2445 else
2446 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2447 }
2448
2449 return 0;
2450 }
2451
2452 static int setup_credentials(const char *root) {
2453 const char *q;
2454 int r;
2455
2456 if (arg_n_credentials <= 0)
2457 return 0;
2458
2459 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2460 if (r < 0)
2461 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host: %m");
2462
2463 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/credentials", 0700, 0, 0);
2464 if (r < 0)
2465 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/credentials: %m");
2466
2467 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/credentials");
2468 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, "ramfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0700");
2469 if (r < 0)
2470 return r;
2471
2472 for (size_t i = 0; i < arg_n_credentials; i++) {
2473 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
2474 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
2475
2476 j = path_join(q, arg_credentials[i].id);
2477 if (!j)
2478 return log_oom();
2479
2480 fd = open(j, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2481 if (fd < 0)
2482 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create credential file %s: %m", j);
2483
2484 r = loop_write(fd, arg_credentials[i].data, arg_credentials[i].size, /* do_poll= */ false);
2485 if (r < 0)
2486 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write credential to file %s: %m", j);
2487
2488 if (fchmod(fd, 0400) < 0)
2489 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", j);
2490
2491 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2492 if (fchown(fd, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift) < 0)
2493 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust ownership of %s: %m", j);
2494 }
2495 }
2496
2497 if (chmod(q, 0500) < 0)
2498 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", q);
2499
2500 r = userns_lchown(q, 0, 0);
2501 if (r < 0)
2502 return r;
2503
2504 /* Make both mount and superblock read-only now */
2505 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2506 if (r < 0)
2507 return r;
2508
2509 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0500");
2510 }
2511
2512 static int setup_kmsg(int fd_inner_socket) {
2513 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2514 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
2515 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
2516 int r;
2517
2518 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
2519
2520 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2521
2522 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as a temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
2523 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2524 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2525 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2526
2527 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
2528 if (r < 0)
2529 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
2530
2531 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
2532 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
2533
2534 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
2535
2536 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2537 if (r < 0)
2538 return r;
2539
2540 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
2541 if (fd < 0)
2542 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
2543
2544 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
2545 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, fd, 0);
2546 if (r < 0)
2547 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
2548
2549 return 0;
2550 }
2551
2552 struct ExposeArgs {
2553 union in_addr_union address4;
2554 union in_addr_union address6;
2555 struct FirewallContext *fw_ctx;
2556 };
2557
2558 static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
2559 struct ExposeArgs *args = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2560
2561 assert(rtnl);
2562 assert(m);
2563
2564 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &args->address4);
2565 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &args->address6);
2566 return 0;
2567 }
2568
2569 static int setup_hostname(void) {
2570 int r;
2571
2572 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
2573 return 0;
2574
2575 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2576 if (r < 0)
2577 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
2578
2579 return 0;
2580 }
2581
2582 static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
2583 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
2584 const char *p, *q;
2585 sd_id128_t this_id;
2586 bool try;
2587 int r;
2588
2589 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2590 if (arg_ephemeral)
2591 return 0;
2592
2593 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2594 return 0;
2595
2596 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2597
2598 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
2599 if (r < 0)
2600 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
2601
2602 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
2603 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
2604 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2605 if (try)
2606 return 0;
2607 return -EEXIST;
2608 }
2609
2610 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2611 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2612 if (r < 0) {
2613 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2614 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2615 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2616 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2617 }
2618 }
2619
2620 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2621 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
2622
2623 if (path_is_mount_point(p, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2624 if (try)
2625 return 0;
2626
2627 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2628 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
2629 }
2630
2631 if (path_is_mount_point(q, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2632 if (try)
2633 return 0;
2634
2635 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2636 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
2637 }
2638
2639 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2640 if (r >= 0) {
2641 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
2642 path_equal(d, q)) {
2643
2644 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2645 if (r < 0)
2646 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2647 return 0;
2648 }
2649
2650 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2651 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
2652 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2653
2654 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2655 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2656
2657 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2658 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2659 return r;
2660 } else
2661 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
2662 }
2663 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2664 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
2665
2666 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2667
2668 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
2669 if (try) {
2670 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
2671 return 0;
2672 } else
2673 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
2674 }
2675
2676 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2677 if (r < 0)
2678 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2679 return 0;
2680 }
2681
2682 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
2683 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
2684 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
2685
2686 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2687 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
2688 if (try) {
2689 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
2690 return 0;
2691 } else
2692 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
2693 }
2694
2695 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2696 return 0;
2697
2698 if (dir_is_empty(q, /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) == 0)
2699 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2700
2701 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2702 if (r < 0)
2703 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
2704
2705 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2706 if (r < 0)
2707 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
2708
2709 return 0;
2710 }
2711
2712 static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2713 CapabilityQuintet q;
2714
2715 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2716 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2717 * arg_caps_retain. */
2718
2719 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2720 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2721
2722 if (q.bounding == UINT64_MAX)
2723 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2724
2725 if (q.effective == UINT64_MAX)
2726 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2727
2728 if (q.inheritable == UINT64_MAX)
2729 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2730
2731 if (q.permitted == UINT64_MAX)
2732 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2733
2734 if (q.ambient == UINT64_MAX && ambient_capabilities_supported())
2735 q.ambient = arg_caps_ambient;
2736
2737 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2738 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Cannot set capabilities that are not in the current bounding set.");
2739
2740 } else {
2741 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2742 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2743 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2744 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2745 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2746 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? arg_caps_ambient : UINT64_MAX,
2747 };
2748
2749 /* If we're not using OCI, proceed with mangled capabilities (so we don't error out)
2750 * in order to maintain the same behavior as systemd < 242. */
2751 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2752 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2753 "Some capabilities will not be set because they are not in the current bounding set.");
2754
2755 }
2756
2757 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
2758 }
2759
2760 static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2761 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2762 int r;
2763
2764 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
2765 return 0;
2766
2767 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
2768 if (r == -ENOENT)
2769 return 0;
2770 if (r < 0)
2771 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
2772
2773 /* Already reset? */
2774 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2775 return 0;
2776
2777 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
2778 if (r < 0) {
2779 log_error_errno(r,
2780 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2781 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2782 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2783 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2784 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
2785
2786 sleep(5);
2787 }
2788
2789 return 0;
2790 }
2791
2792 static int mount_tunnel_dig(const char *root) {
2793 const char *p, *q;
2794 int r;
2795
2796 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2797 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
2798 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
2799 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2800
2801 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2802 if (r < 0)
2803 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host: %m");
2804
2805 r = userns_mkdir(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, 0600, 0, 0);
2806 if (r < 0)
2807 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create "NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL": %m");
2808
2809 q = prefix_roota(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL);
2810 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2811 if (r < 0)
2812 return r;
2813
2814 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
2815 if (r < 0)
2816 return r;
2817
2818 return 0;
2819 }
2820
2821 static int mount_tunnel_open(void) {
2822 int r;
2823
2824 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2825 if (r < 0)
2826 return r;
2827
2828 return 0;
2829 }
2830
2831 static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
2832 int r;
2833
2834 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2835 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2836 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2837 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2838 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2839 * container behaves nicely). */
2840
2841 r = id128_get_machine(directory, &arg_uuid);
2842 if (r < 0) {
2843 if (!ERRNO_IS_MACHINE_ID_UNSET(r)) /* If the file is missing, empty, or uninitialized, we don't mind */
2844 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
2845
2846 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2847 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2848 if (r < 0)
2849 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2850 }
2851 }
2852
2853 return 0;
2854 }
2855
2856 static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2857 int r;
2858
2859 assert(directory);
2860
2861 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN)
2862 return 0;
2863
2864 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2865 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2866 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2867 if (r == -EBADE)
2868 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2869 if (r < 0)
2870 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2871 if (r == 0)
2872 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2873 else
2874 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2875
2876 return r;
2877 }
2878
2879 /*
2880 * Return values:
2881 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2882 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2883 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2884 * container argument.
2885 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2886 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
2887 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2888 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
2889 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2890 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2891 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
2892 *
2893 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2894 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
2895 */
2896 static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
2897 siginfo_t status;
2898 int r;
2899
2900 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
2901 if (r < 0)
2902 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
2903
2904 switch (status.si_code) {
2905
2906 case CLD_EXITED:
2907 if (status.si_status == 0)
2908 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
2909 else
2910 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
2911
2912 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2913 return status.si_status;
2914
2915 case CLD_KILLED:
2916 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
2917 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
2918 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2919 return 0;
2920
2921 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
2922 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
2923 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
2924 return 0;
2925 }
2926
2927 _fallthrough_;
2928 case CLD_DUMPED:
2929 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2930 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
2931
2932 default:
2933 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2934 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
2935 }
2936 }
2937
2938 static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2939 pid_t pid;
2940
2941 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2942 if (pid > 0) {
2943 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
2944 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2945 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2946 return 0;
2947 }
2948 }
2949
2950 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2951 return 0;
2952 }
2953
2954 static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
2955 pid_t pid;
2956
2957 assert(s);
2958 assert(ssi);
2959
2960 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2961
2962 for (;;) {
2963 siginfo_t si = {};
2964
2965 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2966 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2967 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2968 break;
2969 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
2970 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2971 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2972 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2973 break;
2974 }
2975
2976 /* Reap all other children. */
2977 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2978 }
2979
2980 return 0;
2981 }
2982
2983 static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2984 pid_t pid;
2985
2986 assert(m);
2987
2988 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2989
2990 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2991 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2992 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2993 } else {
2994 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2995 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2996 }
2997
2998 return 0;
2999 }
3000
3001 static int determine_names(void) {
3002 int r;
3003
3004 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
3005
3006 /* If --template= was specified then we should not
3007 * search for a machine, but instead create a new one
3008 * in /var/lib/machine. */
3009
3010 arg_directory = path_join("/var/lib/machines", arg_machine);
3011 if (!arg_directory)
3012 return log_oom();
3013 }
3014
3015 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
3016 if (arg_machine) {
3017 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
3018
3019 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, NULL, &i);
3020 if (r == -ENOENT)
3021 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
3022 if (r < 0)
3023 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
3024
3025 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
3026 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
3027 else
3028 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
3029 if (r < 0)
3030 return log_oom();
3031
3032 if (!arg_ephemeral)
3033 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
3034 } else {
3035 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
3036 if (r < 0)
3037 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
3038 }
3039
3040 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
3041 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
3042 }
3043
3044 if (!arg_machine) {
3045 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
3046 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
3047 else if (arg_image) {
3048 char *e;
3049
3050 r = path_extract_filename(arg_image, &arg_machine);
3051 if (r < 0)
3052 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_image);
3053
3054 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
3055 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
3056 if (e)
3057 *e = 0;
3058 } else {
3059 r = path_extract_filename(arg_directory, &arg_machine);
3060 if (r < 0)
3061 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_directory);
3062 }
3063
3064 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
3065 if (!hostname_is_valid(arg_machine, 0))
3066 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
3067
3068 /* Copy the machine name before the random suffix is added below, otherwise we won't be able
3069 * to match fixed config file names. */
3070 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3071 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3072 return log_oom();
3073
3074 /* Add a random suffix when this is an ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
3075 * instances at once without manually having to specify -M each time. */
3076 if (arg_ephemeral)
3077 if (strextendf(&arg_machine, "-%016" PRIx64, random_u64()) < 0)
3078 return log_oom();
3079 } else {
3080 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3081 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3082 return log_oom();
3083 }
3084
3085 return 0;
3086 }
3087
3088 static int chase_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
3089 char *chased;
3090 int r;
3091
3092 assert(p);
3093
3094 if (!*p)
3095 return 0;
3096
3097 r = chase(*p, NULL, flags, &chased, NULL);
3098 if (r < 0)
3099 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
3100
3101 return free_and_replace(*p, chased);
3102 }
3103
3104 static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
3105
3106 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3107 arg_uid_shift = 0;
3108 return 0;
3109 }
3110
3111 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
3112 struct stat st;
3113
3114 /* Read the UID shift off the image. Maybe we can reuse this to avoid chowning. */
3115
3116 if (stat(directory, &st) < 0)
3117 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
3118
3119 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
3120
3121 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
3122 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3123 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
3124
3125 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
3126
3127 if (arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3128 /* If the image is shifted already, then we'll fall back to classic chowning, for
3129 * compatibility (and simplicity), or refuse if mapping is explicitly requested. */
3130
3131 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) {
3132 log_debug("UID base of %s is non-zero, not using UID mapping.", directory);
3133 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3134 } else if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP)
3135 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3136 "UID base of %s is not zero, UID mapping not supported.", directory);
3137 }
3138 }
3139
3140 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
3141 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID base too high for UID range.");
3142
3143 return 0;
3144 }
3145
3146 static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
3147 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
3148
3149 if (arg_private_network)
3150 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
3151 if (arg_use_cgns)
3152 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
3153 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
3154 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
3155
3156 return flags;
3157 }
3158
3159 static int patch_sysctl(void) {
3160
3161 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
3162 static const struct {
3163 const char *key;
3164 bool prefix;
3165 unsigned long clone_flags;
3166 } safe_sysctl[] = {
3167 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3168 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3169 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3170 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3171 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3172 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3173 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3174 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3175 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3176 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3177 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
3178 };
3179
3180 unsigned long flags;
3181 int r;
3182
3183 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
3184
3185 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
3186 bool good = false;
3187 size_t i;
3188
3189 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
3190
3191 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
3192 continue;
3193
3194 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
3195 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3196 else
3197 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3198
3199 if (good)
3200 break;
3201 }
3202
3203 if (!good)
3204 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
3205
3206 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
3207 if (r < 0)
3208 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
3209 }
3210
3211 return 0;
3212 }
3213
3214 static int inner_child(
3215 Barrier *barrier,
3216 int fd_inner_socket,
3217 FDSet *fds,
3218 char **os_release_pairs) {
3219
3220 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
3221 size_t n_env = 1;
3222 char *envp[] = {
3223 (char*) "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
3224 NULL, /* container */
3225 NULL, /* TERM */
3226 NULL, /* HOME */
3227 NULL, /* USER */
3228 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
3229 NULL, /* container_uuid */
3230 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
3231 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
3232 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
3233 NULL, /* CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY */
3234 NULL, /* LANG */
3235 NULL
3236 };
3237 const char *exec_target;
3238 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
3239 int r, which_failed;
3240
3241 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
3242 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
3243 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
3244 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
3245 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
3246 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
3247 * namespace.
3248 *
3249 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
3250 * unshare(). See below. */
3251
3252 assert(barrier);
3253 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
3254
3255 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
3256
3257 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3258 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
3259 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
3260
3261 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
3262 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
3263 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3264
3265 /* Become the new root user inside our namespace */
3266 r = reset_uid_gid();
3267 if (r < 0)
3268 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
3269
3270 /* Creating a new user namespace means all MS_SHARED mounts become MS_SLAVE. Let's put them
3271 * back to MS_SHARED here, since that's what we want as defaults. (This will not reconnect
3272 * propagation, but simply create new peer groups for all our mounts). */
3273 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
3274 if (r < 0)
3275 return r;
3276 }
3277
3278 r = mount_all(NULL,
3279 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
3280 arg_uid_shift,
3281 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3282 if (r < 0)
3283 return r;
3284
3285 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
3286 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
3287 if (r < 0)
3288 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
3289
3290 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
3291 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
3292 }
3293
3294 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
3295 if (r < 0)
3296 return r;
3297
3298 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
3299 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
3300 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
3301 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3302 "Parent died too early");
3303
3304 if (arg_use_cgns) {
3305 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
3306 if (r < 0)
3307 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
3308 r = mount_cgroups(
3309 "",
3310 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3311 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3312 arg_uid_shift,
3313 arg_uid_range,
3314 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3315 true);
3316 } else
3317 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
3318 if (r < 0)
3319 return r;
3320
3321 r = setup_boot_id();
3322 if (r < 0)
3323 return r;
3324
3325 r = setup_kmsg(fd_inner_socket);
3326 if (r < 0)
3327 return r;
3328
3329 r = mount_custom(
3330 "/",
3331 arg_custom_mounts,
3332 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3333 0,
3334 0,
3335 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3336 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY | MOUNT_IN_USERNS);
3337 if (r < 0)
3338 return r;
3339
3340 if (setsid() < 0)
3341 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
3342
3343 if (arg_private_network)
3344 (void) loopback_setup();
3345
3346 if (arg_expose_ports) {
3347 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(fd_inner_socket);
3348 if (r < 0)
3349 return r;
3350 }
3351
3352 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3353 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
3354 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
3355
3356 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
3357 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
3358 if (master < 0)
3359 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
3360
3361 r = setup_dev_console(console);
3362 if (r < 0)
3363 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up /dev/console: %m");
3364
3365 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, master, 0);
3366 if (r < 0)
3367 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
3368
3369 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
3370 if (r < 0)
3371 return r;
3372 }
3373
3374 r = patch_sysctl();
3375 if (r < 0)
3376 return r;
3377
3378 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
3379 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
3380 if (r < 0)
3381 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
3382 }
3383
3384 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
3385 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
3386 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
3387
3388 (void) setup_hostname();
3389
3390 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
3391 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
3392 if (r < 0)
3393 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3394 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY
3395 } else if (arg_architecture == ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY) {
3396 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
3397 if (r < 0)
3398 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3399 #endif
3400 } else if (!arg_quiet && arg_architecture >= 0 && arg_architecture != native_architecture())
3401 log_notice("Selected architecture '%s' not supported natively on the local CPU, assuming "
3402 "invocation with qemu userspace emulator (or equivalent) in effect.",
3403 architecture_to_string(arg_architecture));
3404
3405 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
3406 if (r < 0)
3407 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
3408
3409 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3410 if (arg_seccomp) {
3411
3412 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
3413
3414 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
3415 if (ERRNO_IS_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
3416 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3417 if (r < 0)
3418 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3419 }
3420 } else
3421 #endif
3422 {
3423 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_allow_list, arg_syscall_deny_list);
3424 if (r < 0)
3425 return r;
3426 }
3427
3428 if (arg_suppress_sync) {
3429 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3430 r = seccomp_suppress_sync();
3431 if (r < 0)
3432 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install sync() suppression seccomp filter, ignoring: %m");
3433 #else
3434 log_debug("systemd is built without SECCOMP support. Ignoring --suppress-sync= command line option and SuppressSync= setting.");
3435 #endif
3436 }
3437
3438 #if HAVE_SELINUX
3439 if (arg_selinux_context)
3440 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
3441 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
3442 #endif
3443
3444 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3445 * if we need to later on. */
3446 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3447 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3448
3449 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3450 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE);
3451 else
3452 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE, &home);
3453 if (r < 0)
3454 return r;
3455
3456 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3457 if (r < 0)
3458 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3459
3460 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3461 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3462 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3463
3464 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3465 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3466
3467 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3468 if (envp[n_env])
3469 n_env++;
3470
3471 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3472 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
3473 return log_oom();
3474
3475 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3476 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
3477 asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0)
3478 return log_oom();
3479
3480 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
3481
3482 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "container_uuid=%s", SD_ID128_TO_UUID_STRING(arg_uuid)) < 0)
3483 return log_oom();
3484
3485 if (fdset_size(fds) > 0) {
3486 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3487 if (r < 0)
3488 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3489
3490 if ((asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3491 (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
3492 return log_oom();
3493 }
3494 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
3495 return log_oom();
3496
3497 if (arg_n_credentials > 0) {
3498 envp[n_env] = strdup("CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY=/run/host/credentials");
3499 if (!envp[n_env])
3500 return log_oom();
3501 n_env++;
3502 }
3503
3504 if (arg_start_mode != START_BOOT) {
3505 envp[n_env] = strdup("LANG=" SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCALE);
3506 if (!envp[n_env])
3507 return log_oom();
3508 n_env++;
3509 }
3510
3511 env_use = strv_env_merge(envp, os_release_pairs, arg_setenv);
3512 if (!env_use)
3513 return log_oom();
3514
3515 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and
3516 * wait until the parent is ready with the
3517 * setup, too... */
3518 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
3519 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3520
3521 if (arg_chdir)
3522 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3523 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3524
3525 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
3526 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
3527 if (r < 0)
3528 return r;
3529 }
3530
3531 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3532 /* So far our pty wasn't controlled by any process. Finally, it's time to change that, if we
3533 * are configured for that. Acquire it as controlling tty. */
3534 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY) < 0)
3535 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire controlling TTY: %m");
3536 }
3537
3538 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3539
3540 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3541 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3542 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
3543 log_close();
3544 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
3545 log_settle_target();
3546
3547 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3548
3549 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
3550 char **a;
3551 size_t m;
3552
3553 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3554
3555 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3556 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3557 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3558 a[1 + m] = NULL;
3559
3560 FOREACH_STRING(init,
3561 "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd",
3562 "/lib/systemd/systemd",
3563 "/sbin/init") {
3564 a[0] = (char*) init;
3565 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3566 }
3567
3568 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
3569 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
3570 const char *dollar_path;
3571
3572 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
3573
3574 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3575 * binary. */
3576 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3577 if (dollar_path) {
3578 if (setenv("PATH", dollar_path, 1) < 0)
3579 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3580 }
3581
3582 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
3583 } else {
3584 if (!arg_chdir)
3585 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3586 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
3587
3588 execle(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "-" DEFAULT_USER_SHELL_NAME, NULL, env_use);
3589 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/bash"))
3590 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3591 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/sh"))
3592 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
3593
3594 exec_target = DEFAULT_USER_SHELL ", /bin/bash, /bin/sh";
3595 }
3596
3597 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
3598 }
3599
3600 static int setup_notify_child(void) {
3601 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3602 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
3603 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3604 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
3605 };
3606 int r;
3607
3608 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3609 if (fd < 0)
3610 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3611
3612 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
3613 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
3614
3615 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3616 if (r < 0)
3617 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3618
3619 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
3620 if (r < 0)
3621 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
3622
3623 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
3624 if (r < 0)
3625 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
3626
3627 return TAKE_FD(fd);
3628 }
3629
3630 static int outer_child(
3631 Barrier *barrier,
3632 const char *directory,
3633 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
3634 int fd_outer_socket,
3635 int fd_inner_socket,
3636 FDSet *fds,
3637 int netns_fd) {
3638
3639 _cleanup_(bind_user_context_freep) BindUserContext *bind_user_context = NULL;
3640 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **os_release_pairs = NULL;
3641 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF;
3642 bool idmap = false;
3643 const char *p;
3644 pid_t pid;
3645 ssize_t l;
3646 int r;
3647
3648 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It
3649 * already has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in
3650 * the host's CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET
3651 * namespaces. After it completed a number of initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is
3652 * forked off it, and it exits. */
3653
3654 assert(barrier);
3655 assert(directory);
3656 assert(fd_outer_socket >= 0);
3657 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
3658
3659 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3660
3661 r = load_os_release_pairs_with_prefix("/", "container_host_", &os_release_pairs);
3662 if (r < 0)
3663 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release from host for container, ignoring: %m");
3664
3665 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3666 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3667
3668 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3669 if (r < 0)
3670 return r;
3671
3672 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still receive mounts from the real root, but don't propagate
3673 * mounts to the real root. */
3674 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
3675 if (r < 0)
3676 return r;
3677
3678 if (dissected_image) {
3679 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the
3680 * rest. We can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest,
3681 * but then with the uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the
3682 * right place right away. This makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
3683
3684 r = dissected_image_mount_and_warn(
3685 dissected_image,
3686 directory,
3687 arg_uid_shift,
3688 arg_uid_range,
3689 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|
3690 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3691 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3692 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3693 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
3694 if (r < 0)
3695 return r;
3696 }
3697
3698 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3699 if (r < 0)
3700 return r;
3701
3702 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3703 r = namespace_open(0, NULL, &mntns_fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
3704 if (r < 0)
3705 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pin outer mount namespace: %m");
3706
3707 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, mntns_fd, 0);
3708 if (l < 0)
3709 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send outer mount namespace fd: %m");
3710 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
3711
3712 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
3713 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3714 if (l < 0)
3715 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
3716 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3717 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3718 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
3719
3720 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
3721 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the
3722 * UID shift we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID
3723 * shift back to us, if not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
3724
3725 l = recv(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
3726 if (l < 0)
3727 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
3728 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3729 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3730 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
3731 }
3732
3733 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3734 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3735 }
3736
3737 if (path_equal(directory, "/")) {
3738 /* If the directory we shall boot is the host, let's operate on a bind mount at a different
3739 * place, so that we can make changes to its mount structure (for example, to implement
3740 * --volatile=) without this interfering with our ability to access files such as
3741 * /etc/localtime to copy into the container. Note that we use a fixed place for this
3742 * (instead of a temporary directory, since we are living in our own mount namespace here
3743 * already, and thus don't need to be afraid of colliding with anyone else's mounts). */
3744 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn-root", 0755);
3745
3746 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "/", "/run/systemd/nspawn-root", NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
3747 if (r < 0)
3748 return r;
3749
3750 directory = "/run/systemd/nspawn-root";
3751 }
3752
3753 /* Make sure we always have a mount that we can move to root later on. */
3754 r = make_mount_point(directory);
3755 if (r < 0)
3756 return r;
3757
3758 /* So the whole tree is now MS_SLAVE, i.e. we'll still receive mount/umount events from the host
3759 * mount namespace. For the directory we are going to run our container let's turn this off, so that
3760 * we'll live in our own little world from now on, and propagation from the host may only happen via
3761 * the mount tunnel dir, or not at all. */
3762 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC, NULL);
3763 if (r < 0)
3764 return r;
3765
3766 r = setup_pivot_root(
3767 directory,
3768 arg_pivot_root_new,
3769 arg_pivot_root_old);
3770 if (r < 0)
3771 return r;
3772
3773 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3774 directory,
3775 arg_volatile_mode,
3776 arg_uid_shift,
3777 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3778 if (r < 0)
3779 return r;
3780
3781 r = bind_user_prepare(
3782 directory,
3783 arg_bind_user,
3784 arg_uid_shift,
3785 arg_uid_range,
3786 &arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts,
3787 &bind_user_context);
3788 if (r < 0)
3789 return r;
3790
3791 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && bind_user_context) {
3792 /* Send the user maps we determined to the parent, so that it installs it in our user
3793 * namespace UID map table */
3794
3795 for (size_t i = 0; i < bind_user_context->n_data; i++) {
3796 uid_t map[] = {
3797 bind_user_context->data[i].payload_user->uid,
3798 bind_user_context->data[i].host_user->uid,
3799 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].payload_group->gid,
3800 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].host_group->gid,
3801 };
3802
3803 l = send(fd_outer_socket, map, sizeof(map), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3804 if (l < 0)
3805 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send user UID map: %m");
3806 if (l != sizeof(map))
3807 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3808 "Short write while sending user UID map.");
3809 }
3810 }
3811
3812 r = mount_custom(
3813 directory,
3814 arg_custom_mounts,
3815 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3816 arg_uid_shift,
3817 arg_uid_range,
3818 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3819 MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY);
3820 if (r < 0)
3821 return r;
3822
3823 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO &&
3824 IN_SET(arg_userns_ownership, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) &&
3825 arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3826
3827 r = remount_idmap(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range, UID_INVALID, REMOUNT_IDMAPPING_HOST_ROOT);
3828 if (r < 0) {
3829 if (r == -EINVAL || ERRNO_IS_NOT_SUPPORTED(r)) {
3830 /* This might fail because the kernel or file system doesn't support idmapping. We
3831 * can't really distinguish this nicely, nor do we have any guarantees about the
3832 * error codes we see, could be EOPNOTSUPP or EINVAL. */
3833 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO)
3834 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
3835 "ID mapped mounts are apparently not available, sorry.");
3836
3837 log_debug("ID mapped mounts are apparently not available on this kernel or for the selected file system, reverting to recursive chown()ing.");
3838 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3839 } else
3840 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up ID mapped mounts: %m");
3841 } else {
3842 log_debug("ID mapped mounts available, making use of them.");
3843 idmap = true;
3844 }
3845 }
3846
3847 if (dissected_image) {
3848 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
3849 r = dissected_image_mount(
3850 dissected_image,
3851 directory,
3852 arg_uid_shift,
3853 arg_uid_range,
3854 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|
3855 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3856 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3857 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3858 (idmap ? DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_IDMAPPED : 0));
3859 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
3860 return log_error_errno(r, "File system check for image failed: %m");
3861 if (r < 0)
3862 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image file system: %m");
3863 }
3864
3865 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3866 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3867
3868 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3869 if (r < 0)
3870 return r;
3871
3872 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3873 if (l < 0)
3874 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
3875 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3876 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3877 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
3878 }
3879
3880 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3881 if (r < 0)
3882 return r;
3883
3884 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3885 if (r < 0)
3886 return r;
3887
3888 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO &&
3889 !has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts)) {
3890 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
3891 if (r < 0)
3892 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
3893 }
3894
3895 r = mount_all(directory,
3896 arg_mount_settings,
3897 arg_uid_shift,
3898 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3899 if (r < 0)
3900 return r;
3901
3902 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
3903 if (r < 0)
3904 return r;
3905
3906 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
3907 if (r < 0)
3908 return r;
3909
3910 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3911
3912 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host");
3913 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(p, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3914
3915 r = setup_pts(directory);
3916 if (r < 0)
3917 return r;
3918
3919 r = mount_tunnel_dig(directory);
3920 if (r < 0)
3921 return r;
3922
3923 r = setup_keyring();
3924 if (r < 0)
3925 return r;
3926
3927 r = setup_credentials(directory);
3928 if (r < 0)
3929 return r;
3930
3931 r = bind_user_setup(bind_user_context, directory);
3932 if (r < 0)
3933 return r;
3934
3935 r = mount_custom(
3936 directory,
3937 arg_custom_mounts,
3938 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3939 arg_uid_shift,
3940 arg_uid_range,
3941 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3942 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY);
3943 if (r < 0)
3944 return r;
3945
3946 r = setup_timezone(directory);
3947 if (r < 0)
3948 return r;
3949
3950 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
3951 if (r < 0)
3952 return r;
3953
3954 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
3955 if (r < 0)
3956 return r;
3957
3958 r = setup_journal(directory);
3959 if (r < 0)
3960 return r;
3961
3962 /* The same stuff as the $container env var, but nicely readable for the entire payload */
3963 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-manager");
3964 (void) write_string_file(p, arg_container_service_name, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE);
3965
3966 /* The same stuff as the $container_uuid env var */
3967 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-uuid");
3968 (void) write_string_filef(p, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_uuid));
3969
3970 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
3971 r = mount_cgroups(
3972 directory,
3973 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3974 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3975 arg_uid_shift,
3976 arg_uid_range,
3977 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3978 false);
3979 if (r < 0)
3980 return r;
3981 }
3982
3983 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is required to make new bind
3984 * mounts available in systemd services inside the container that create a new mount namespace. See
3985 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860 Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this
3986 * will inherit the shared propagation mode.
3987 *
3988 * IMPORTANT: Do not overmount the root directory anymore from now on to enable moving the root
3989 * directory mount to root later on.
3990 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3847#issuecomment-562735251
3991 */
3992 r = mount_switch_root(directory, MS_SHARED);
3993 if (r < 0)
3994 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
3995
3996 /* We finished setting up the rootfs which is a shared mount. The mount tunnel needs to be a
3997 * dependent mount otherwise we can't MS_MOVE mounts that were propagated from the host into
3998 * the container. */
3999 r = mount_tunnel_open();
4000 if (r < 0)
4001 return r;
4002
4003 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4004 /* In order to mount procfs and sysfs in an unprivileged container the kernel
4005 * requires that a fully visible instance is already present in the target mount
4006 * namespace. Mount one here so the inner child can mount its own instances. Later
4007 * we umount the temporary instances created here before we actually exec the
4008 * payload. Since the rootfs is shared the umount will propagate into the container.
4009 * Note, the inner child wouldn't be able to unmount the instances on its own since
4010 * it doesn't own the originating mount namespace. IOW, the outer child needs to do
4011 * this. */
4012 r = pin_fully_visible_fs();
4013 if (r < 0)
4014 return r;
4015 }
4016
4017 fd = setup_notify_child();
4018 if (fd < 0)
4019 return fd;
4020
4021 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
4022 arg_clone_ns_flags |
4023 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
4024 if (pid < 0)
4025 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
4026 if (pid == 0) {
4027 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
4028
4029 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are requested, so that we all are owned by the
4030 * user if user namespaces are turned on. */
4031
4032 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4033 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, netns_fd, -1, -1);
4034 if (r < 0)
4035 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
4036 }
4037
4038 r = inner_child(barrier, fd_inner_socket, fds, os_release_pairs);
4039 if (r < 0)
4040 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4041
4042 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4043 }
4044
4045 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4046 if (l < 0)
4047 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
4048 if (l != sizeof(pid))
4049 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4050 "Short write while sending PID.");
4051
4052 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4053 if (l < 0)
4054 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
4055 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4056 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4057 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
4058
4059 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, fd, 0);
4060 if (l < 0)
4061 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
4062
4063 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
4064 fd_inner_socket = safe_close(fd_inner_socket);
4065 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
4066
4067 return 0;
4068 }
4069
4070 static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
4071 bool tried_hashed = false;
4072 unsigned n_tries = 100;
4073 uid_t candidate;
4074 int r;
4075
4076 assert(shift);
4077 assert(ret_lock_file);
4078 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
4079 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
4080
4081 candidate = *shift;
4082
4083 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
4084
4085 for (;;) {
4086 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4087 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4088
4089 if (--n_tries <= 0)
4090 return -EBUSY;
4091
4092 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
4093 goto next;
4094 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
4095 goto next;
4096
4097 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
4098 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
4099 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
4100 goto next;
4101 if (r < 0)
4102 return r;
4103
4104 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
4105 if (getpwuid(candidate))
4106 goto next;
4107 if (getpwuid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4108 goto next;
4109 if (getgrgid(candidate))
4110 goto next;
4111 if (getgrgid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4112 goto next;
4113
4114 *ret_lock_file = lf;
4115 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4116 *shift = candidate;
4117 return 0;
4118
4119 next:
4120 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
4121 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
4122
4123 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
4124 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
4125 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
4126 };
4127
4128 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
4129
4130 tried_hashed = true;
4131 } else
4132 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
4133
4134 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
4135 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
4136 }
4137 }
4138
4139 static int add_one_uid_map(
4140 char **p,
4141 uid_t container_uid,
4142 uid_t host_uid,
4143 uid_t range) {
4144
4145 return strextendf(p,
4146 UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n",
4147 container_uid, host_uid, range);
4148 }
4149
4150 static int make_uid_map_string(
4151 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4152 size_t n_bind_user_uid,
4153 size_t offset,
4154 char **ret) {
4155
4156 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4157 uid_t previous_uid = 0;
4158 int r;
4159
4160 assert(n_bind_user_uid == 0 || bind_user_uid);
4161 assert(IN_SET(offset, 0, 2)); /* used to switch between UID and GID map */
4162 assert(ret);
4163
4164 /* The bind_user_uid[] array is a series of 4 uid_t values, for each --bind-user= entry one
4165 * quadruplet, consisting of host and container UID + GID. */
4166
4167 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4168 uid_t payload_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset],
4169 host_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset+1];
4170
4171 assert(previous_uid <= payload_uid);
4172 assert(payload_uid < arg_uid_range);
4173
4174 /* Add a range to close the gap to previous entry */
4175 if (payload_uid > previous_uid) {
4176 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, payload_uid - previous_uid);
4177 if (r < 0)
4178 return r;
4179 }
4180
4181 /* Map this specific user */
4182 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, payload_uid, host_uid, 1);
4183 if (r < 0)
4184 return r;
4185
4186 previous_uid = payload_uid + 1;
4187 }
4188
4189 /* And add a range to close the gap to finish the range */
4190 if (arg_uid_range > previous_uid) {
4191 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, arg_uid_range - previous_uid);
4192 if (r < 0)
4193 return r;
4194 }
4195
4196 assert(s);
4197
4198 *ret = TAKE_PTR(s);
4199 return 0;
4200 }
4201
4202 static int setup_uid_map(
4203 pid_t pid,
4204 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4205 size_t n_bind_user_uid) {
4206
4207 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4208 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4209 int r;
4210
4211 assert(pid > 1);
4212
4213 /* Build the UID map string */
4214 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 0, &s) < 0) /* offset=0 contains the UID pair */
4215 return log_oom();
4216
4217 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
4218 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4219 if (r < 0)
4220 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
4221
4222 /* And now build the GID map string */
4223 s = mfree(s);
4224 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 2, &s) < 0) /* offset=2 contains the GID pair */
4225 return log_oom();
4226
4227 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
4228 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4229 if (r < 0)
4230 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
4231
4232 return 0;
4233 }
4234
4235 static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
4236 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
4237 char *p = NULL;
4238 struct iovec iovec = {
4239 .iov_base = buf,
4240 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
4241 };
4242 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
4243 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
4244 struct msghdr msghdr = {
4245 .msg_iov = &iovec,
4246 .msg_iovlen = 1,
4247 .msg_control = &control,
4248 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
4249 };
4250 struct ucred *ucred;
4251 ssize_t n;
4252 pid_t inner_child_pid;
4253 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
4254 int r;
4255
4256 assert(userdata);
4257
4258 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
4259
4260 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
4261 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
4262 return 0;
4263 }
4264
4265 n = recvmsg_safe(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
4266 if (n < 0) {
4267 if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(n))
4268 return 0;
4269 if (n == -EXFULL) {
4270 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
4271 return 0;
4272 }
4273 return log_warning_errno(n, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
4274 }
4275
4276 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
4277
4278 ucred = CMSG_FIND_DATA(&msghdr, SOL_SOCKET, SCM_CREDENTIALS, struct ucred);
4279 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
4280 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
4281 return 0;
4282 }
4283
4284 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
4285 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
4286 return 0;
4287 }
4288
4289 buf[n] = 0;
4290 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
4291 if (!tags)
4292 return log_oom();
4293
4294 if (strv_contains(tags, "READY=1")) {
4295 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4296 if (r < 0)
4297 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
4298 }
4299
4300 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
4301 if (p)
4302 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
4303
4304 return 0;
4305 }
4306
4307 static int setup_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
4308 int r;
4309
4310 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
4311 if (r < 0)
4312 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
4313
4314 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
4315
4316 return 0;
4317 }
4318
4319 static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
4320 int rl;
4321
4322 assert(settings);
4323 assert(path);
4324
4325 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
4326 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
4327
4328 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
4329 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
4330 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
4331 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
4332 }
4333
4334 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0 &&
4335 settings->ephemeral >= 0)
4336 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
4337
4338 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4339 settings->root) {
4340
4341 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4342 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4343 else
4344 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
4345 }
4346
4347 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
4348 settings->pivot_root_new) {
4349 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
4350 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
4351 }
4352
4353 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4354 settings->working_directory)
4355 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
4356
4357 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
4358 settings->environment)
4359 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
4360
4361 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
4362
4363 if (settings->user)
4364 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
4365
4366 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
4367 arg_uid = settings->uid;
4368 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
4369 arg_gid = settings->gid;
4370 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
4371 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
4372 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
4373 }
4374 }
4375
4376 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
4377 uint64_t plus, minus;
4378 uint64_t network_minus = 0;
4379 uint64_t ambient;
4380
4381 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
4382 * Settings structure */
4383
4384 plus = settings->capability;
4385 minus = settings->drop_capability;
4386
4387 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4388 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4389 if (settings_private_network(settings))
4390 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4391 else
4392 network_minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4393 }
4394
4395 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
4396 if (settings->capability != 0)
4397 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4398 } else {
4399 arg_caps_retain &= ~network_minus;
4400 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
4401 }
4402
4403 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
4404
4405 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
4406 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
4407 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4408 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4409 else
4410 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
4411 }
4412
4413 ambient = settings->ambient_capability;
4414 if (!arg_settings_trusted && ambient != 0)
4415 log_warning("Ignoring AmbientCapability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4416 else
4417 arg_caps_ambient |= ambient;
4418 }
4419
4420 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
4421 settings->kill_signal > 0)
4422 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
4423
4424 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
4425 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
4426 arg_personality = settings->personality;
4427
4428 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
4429 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
4430
4431 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4432 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4433 else
4434 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
4435 }
4436
4437 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
4438 settings->read_only >= 0)
4439 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
4440
4441 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
4442 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
4443 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
4444
4445 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
4446 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
4447
4448 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4449 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4450 else {
4451 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
4452 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
4453 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
4454 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
4455 }
4456 }
4457
4458 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4459 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4460
4461 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4462 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4463 else {
4464 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
4465 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
4466
4467 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
4468 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
4469 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
4470 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
4471
4472 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
4473 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
4474
4475 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
4476 }
4477 }
4478
4479 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
4480 settings->expose_ports) {
4481
4482 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4483 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4484 else {
4485 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
4486 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
4487 }
4488 }
4489
4490 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
4491 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
4492
4493 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4494 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4495 else {
4496 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
4497 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
4498 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
4499 arg_userns_ownership = settings->userns_ownership;
4500 }
4501 }
4502
4503 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_BIND_USER) == 0 &&
4504 !strv_isempty(settings->bind_user))
4505 strv_free_and_replace(arg_bind_user, settings->bind_user);
4506
4507 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0 &&
4508 settings->notify_ready >= 0)
4509 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
4510
4511 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
4512
4513 if (!strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list) || !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_deny_list)) {
4514 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list))
4515 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4516 else {
4517 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_allow_list, settings->syscall_allow_list);
4518 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_deny_list, settings->syscall_deny_list);
4519 }
4520 }
4521
4522 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
4523 if (settings->seccomp) {
4524 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4525 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4526 else {
4527 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
4528 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
4529 }
4530 }
4531 #endif
4532 }
4533
4534 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl ++) {
4535 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
4536 continue;
4537
4538 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
4539 continue;
4540
4541 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
4542 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
4543 continue;
4544 }
4545
4546 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
4547 }
4548
4549 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
4550 settings->hostname)
4551 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
4552
4553 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
4554 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
4555 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
4556
4557 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
4558 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
4559
4560 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4561 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4562 else {
4563 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
4564 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
4565 }
4566 }
4567
4568 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
4569 settings->cpu_set.set) {
4570
4571 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4572 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4573 else {
4574 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
4575 arg_cpu_set = TAKE_STRUCT(settings->cpu_set);
4576 }
4577 }
4578
4579 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
4580 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
4581 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
4582
4583 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
4584 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
4585
4586 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4587 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4588 else {
4589 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
4590 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
4591 }
4592 }
4593
4594 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
4595 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
4596 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
4597
4598 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
4599 settings->slice) {
4600
4601 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4602 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4603 else
4604 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
4605 }
4606
4607 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
4608 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
4609
4610 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4611 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4612 else
4613 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
4614 }
4615
4616 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
4617 settings->clone_ns_flags != ULONG_MAX) {
4618
4619 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4620 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4621 else
4622 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
4623 }
4624
4625 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
4626 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
4627
4628 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4629 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4630 else
4631 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
4632 }
4633
4634 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC) == 0 &&
4635 settings->suppress_sync >= 0)
4636 arg_suppress_sync = settings->suppress_sync;
4637
4638 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
4639 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
4640
4641 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
4642 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
4643
4644 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
4645 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
4646
4647 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
4648 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
4649 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
4650 settings->n_extra_nodes = 0;
4651
4652 return 0;
4653 }
4654
4655 static int load_settings(void) {
4656 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4657 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
4658 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
4659 int r;
4660
4661 if (arg_oci_bundle)
4662 return 0;
4663
4664 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
4665 * the settings file */
4666 if (FLAGS_SET(arg_settings_mask, _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL))
4667 return 0;
4668
4669 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
4670 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
4671 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
4672
4673 j = path_join(i, arg_settings_filename);
4674 if (!j)
4675 return log_oom();
4676
4677 f = fopen(j, "re");
4678 if (f) {
4679 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
4680
4681 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
4682 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4683 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4684
4685 break;
4686 }
4687
4688 if (errno != ENOENT)
4689 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4690 }
4691
4692 if (!f) {
4693 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4694 * actual image we shall boot. */
4695
4696 if (arg_image) {
4697 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4698 if (r < 0)
4699 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from image path: %m");
4700 } else if (arg_directory) {
4701 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4702 if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL) /* if directory is root fs, don't complain */
4703 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from directory path: %m");
4704 }
4705
4706 if (p) {
4707 f = fopen(p, "re");
4708 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4709 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4710
4711 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4712 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4713 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4714 }
4715 }
4716
4717 if (!f)
4718 return 0;
4719
4720 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4721
4722 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4723 if (r < 0)
4724 return r;
4725
4726 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4727 }
4728
4729 static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4730 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4731 int r;
4732
4733 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4734 return 0;
4735
4736 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4737 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4738 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4739
4740 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4741 if (r < 0)
4742 return r;
4743
4744 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4745 }
4746
4747 static int run_container(
4748 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
4749 FDSet *fds,
4750 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
4751 struct ExposeArgs *expose_args,
4752 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
4753
4754 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4755 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
4756 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
4757 };
4758
4759 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4760 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -EBADF;
4761 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
4762 fd_inner_socket_pair[2] = PIPE_EBADF,
4763 fd_outer_socket_pair[2] = PIPE_EBADF;
4764
4765 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF, fd_kmsg_fifo = -EBADF;
4766 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
4767 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
4768 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4769 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4770 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
4771 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
4772 _cleanup_free_ uid_t *bind_user_uid = NULL;
4773 size_t n_bind_user_uid = 0;
4774 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
4775 int ifi = 0, r;
4776 ssize_t l;
4777 sigset_t mask_chld;
4778 _cleanup_close_ int child_netns_fd = -EBADF;
4779
4780 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4781 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4782
4783 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4784 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4785 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4786 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4787 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4788 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4789 * really ours. */
4790
4791 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4792 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4793 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4794 }
4795
4796 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4797 if (r < 0)
4798 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4799
4800 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_inner_socket_pair) < 0)
4801 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inner socket pair: %m");
4802
4803 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_outer_socket_pair) < 0)
4804 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create outer socket pair: %m");
4805
4806 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4807 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4808 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4809 if (r < 0)
4810 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4811
4812 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4813 if (r < 0)
4814 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4815
4816 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4817 child_netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4818 if (child_netns_fd < 0)
4819 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4820
4821 r = fd_is_ns(child_netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET);
4822 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4823 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4824 else if (r < 0)
4825 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4826 else if (r == 0)
4827 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4828 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4829 }
4830
4831 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4832 if (*pid < 0)
4833 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4834 errno == EINVAL ?
4835 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4836
4837 if (*pid == 0) {
4838 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4839 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4840
4841 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
4842 fd_outer_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[0]);
4843
4844 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4845 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4846
4847 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4848 arg_directory,
4849 dissected_image,
4850 fd_outer_socket_pair[1],
4851 fd_inner_socket_pair[1],
4852 fds,
4853 child_netns_fd);
4854 if (r < 0)
4855 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4856
4857 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4858 }
4859
4860 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4861
4862 fdset_close(fds);
4863
4864 fd_inner_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[1]);
4865 fd_outer_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[1]);
4866
4867 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4868 mntns_fd = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
4869 if (mntns_fd < 0)
4870 return log_error_errno(mntns_fd, "Failed to receive mount namespace fd from outer child: %m");
4871
4872 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
4873 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
4874 if (l < 0)
4875 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
4876 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4877 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
4878
4879 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4880 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
4881 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
4882 * which one we now picked. */
4883
4884 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
4885 if (r < 0)
4886 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
4887
4888 l = send(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4889 if (l < 0)
4890 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
4891 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4892 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
4893 }
4894
4895 n_bind_user_uid = strv_length(arg_bind_user);
4896 if (n_bind_user_uid > 0) {
4897 /* Right after the UID shift, we'll receive the list of UID mappings for the
4898 * --bind-user= logic. Always a quadruplet of payload and host UID + GID. */
4899
4900 bind_user_uid = new(uid_t, n_bind_user_uid*4);
4901 if (!bind_user_uid)
4902 return log_oom();
4903
4904 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4905 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], bind_user_uid + i*4, sizeof(uid_t)*4, 0);
4906 if (l < 0)
4907 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read user UID map pair: %m");
4908 if (l != sizeof(uid_t)*4)
4909 return log_full_errno(l == 0 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
4910 SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4911 "Short read while reading bind user UID pairs.");
4912 }
4913 }
4914 }
4915
4916 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
4917 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
4918 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
4919 if (l < 0)
4920 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
4921 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
4922 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zi bytes).%s",
4923 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
4924 }
4925
4926 /* Wait for the outer child. */
4927 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
4928 if (r < 0)
4929 return r;
4930 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4931 return -EIO;
4932
4933 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
4934 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
4935 if (l < 0)
4936 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
4937 if (l != sizeof *pid)
4938 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
4939
4940 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
4941 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
4942 if (l < 0)
4943 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
4944 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4945 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
4946
4947 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
4948 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
4949 if (notify_socket < 0)
4950 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
4951 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
4952
4953 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
4954
4955 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4956 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
4957 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
4958
4959 r = setup_uid_map(*pid, bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid);
4960 if (r < 0)
4961 return r;
4962
4963 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
4964 }
4965
4966 if (arg_private_network) {
4967 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
4968 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
4969 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
4970 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
4971 }
4972
4973 if (child_netns_fd < 0) {
4974 /* Make sure we have an open file descriptor to the child's network
4975 * namespace so it stays alive even if the child exits. */
4976 r = namespace_open(*pid, NULL, NULL, &child_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
4977 if (r < 0)
4978 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open child network namespace: %m");
4979 }
4980
4981 r = move_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
4982 if (r < 0)
4983 return r;
4984
4985 if (arg_network_veth) {
4986 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
4987 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone);
4988 if (r < 0)
4989 return r;
4990 else if (r > 0)
4991 ifi = r;
4992
4993 if (arg_network_bridge) {
4994 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
4995 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
4996 if (r < 0)
4997 return r;
4998 if (r > 0)
4999 ifi = r;
5000 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
5001 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
5002 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
5003 if (r < 0)
5004 return r;
5005 if (r > 0)
5006 ifi = r;
5007 }
5008 }
5009
5010 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
5011 if (r < 0)
5012 return r;
5013
5014 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
5015 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
5016 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
5017 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
5018 *veth_created = true;
5019
5020 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
5021 if (r < 0)
5022 return r;
5023
5024 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
5025 if (r < 0)
5026 return r;
5027 }
5028
5029 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
5030 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
5031 if (r < 0)
5032 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
5033
5034 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
5035 if (r < 0)
5036 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
5037 }
5038
5039 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5040 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
5041 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
5042 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
5043
5044 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
5045 bus,
5046 NULL,
5047 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
5048 NULL,
5049 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
5050 "RequestStop",
5051 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5052 if (r < 0)
5053 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
5054 }
5055
5056 if (arg_register) {
5057 r = register_machine(
5058 bus,
5059 arg_machine,
5060 *pid,
5061 arg_directory,
5062 arg_uuid,
5063 ifi,
5064 arg_slice,
5065 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5066 arg_kill_signal,
5067 arg_property,
5068 arg_property_message,
5069 arg_keep_unit,
5070 arg_container_service_name);
5071 if (r < 0)
5072 return r;
5073
5074 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5075 r = allocate_scope(
5076 bus,
5077 arg_machine,
5078 *pid,
5079 arg_slice,
5080 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5081 arg_kill_signal,
5082 arg_property,
5083 arg_property_message);
5084 if (r < 0)
5085 return r;
5086
5087 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
5088 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
5089
5090 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
5091 if (r < 0)
5092 return r;
5093
5094 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5095 if (r < 0)
5096 return r;
5097
5098 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5099 if (r < 0)
5100 return r;
5101
5102 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
5103 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
5104 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
5105 * run inside the container. */
5106 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
5107
5108 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
5109 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
5110 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
5111
5112 /* Reset signal to default */
5113 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD);
5114 if (r < 0)
5115 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
5116
5117 r = sd_event_new(&event);
5118 if (r < 0)
5119 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
5120
5121 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
5122
5123 if (bus) {
5124 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
5125 if (r < 0)
5126 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
5127 }
5128
5129 r = setup_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
5130 if (r < 0)
5131 return r;
5132
5133 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
5134 r = wipe_fully_visible_fs(mntns_fd);
5135 if (r < 0)
5136 return r;
5137 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
5138 }
5139
5140 /* Let the child know that we are ready and wait that the child is completely ready now. */
5141 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #5 */
5142 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5143
5144 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-systemd/systemd-machined.service
5145 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
5146 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
5147
5148 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
5149 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
5150 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
5151 if (!arg_notify_ready) {
5152 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
5153 if (r < 0)
5154 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
5155 }
5156
5157 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
5158 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
5159 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5160 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5161 } else {
5162 /* Immediately exit */
5163 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
5164 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
5165 }
5166
5167 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGRTMIN+18, sigrtmin18_handler, NULL);
5168
5169 r = sd_event_add_memory_pressure(event, NULL, NULL, NULL);
5170 if (r < 0)
5171 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed allocate memory pressure event source, ignoring: %m");
5172
5173 /* Exit when the child exits */
5174 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5175
5176 /* Retrieve the kmsg fifo allocated by inner child */
5177 fd_kmsg_fifo = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5178 if (fd_kmsg_fifo < 0)
5179 return log_error_errno(fd_kmsg_fifo, "Failed to receive kmsg fifo from inner child: %m");
5180
5181 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5182 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, fd_inner_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, expose_args, &rtnl);
5183 if (r < 0)
5184 return r;
5185
5186 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5187 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5188 }
5189
5190 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
5191 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
5192 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
5193
5194 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
5195 fd = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5196 if (fd < 0)
5197 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
5198
5199 switch (arg_console_mode) {
5200
5201 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
5202 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
5203
5204 _fallthrough_;
5205
5206 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
5207 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
5208
5209 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
5210 if (r < 0)
5211 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
5212
5213 if (arg_console_width != UINT_MAX || arg_console_height != UINT_MAX)
5214 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(forward,
5215 arg_console_width,
5216 arg_console_height);
5217 break;
5218
5219 default:
5220 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
5221 }
5222
5223 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
5224 }
5225
5226 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
5227
5228 r = sd_event_loop(event);
5229 if (r < 0)
5230 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
5231
5232 if (forward) {
5233 char last_char = 0;
5234
5235 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
5236 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
5237
5238 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
5239 putc('\n', stdout);
5240 }
5241
5242 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
5243 if (!arg_register && !arg_keep_unit && bus)
5244 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
5245
5246 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
5247 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
5248
5249 fd_kmsg_fifo = safe_close(fd_kmsg_fifo);
5250
5251 if (arg_private_network) {
5252 /* Move network interfaces back to the parent network namespace. We use `safe_fork`
5253 * to avoid having to move the parent to the child network namespace. */
5254 r = safe_fork(NULL, FORK_RESET_SIGNALS|FORK_DEATHSIG|FORK_WAIT|FORK_LOG, NULL);
5255 if (r < 0)
5256 return r;
5257
5258 if (r == 0) {
5259 _cleanup_close_ int parent_netns_fd = -EBADF;
5260
5261 r = namespace_open(getpid_cached(), NULL, NULL, &parent_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
5262 if (r < 0) {
5263 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open parent network namespace: %m");
5264 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5265 }
5266
5267 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, child_netns_fd, -1, -1);
5268 if (r < 0) {
5269 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enter child network namespace: %m");
5270 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5271 }
5272
5273 /* Reverse network interfaces pair list so that interfaces get their initial name back.
5274 * This is about ensuring interfaces get their old name back when being moved back. */
5275 arg_network_interfaces = strv_reverse(arg_network_interfaces);
5276
5277 r = move_network_interfaces(parent_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
5278 if (r < 0)
5279 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move network interfaces back to parent network namespace: %m");
5280
5281 _exit(r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS);
5282 }
5283 }
5284
5285 r = wait_for_container(TAKE_PID(*pid), &container_status);
5286
5287 /* Tell machined that we are gone. */
5288 if (bus)
5289 (void) unregister_machine(bus, arg_machine);
5290
5291 if (r < 0)
5292 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
5293 return r;
5294 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
5295 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
5296 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
5297 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
5298 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
5299 */
5300 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
5301 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
5302 *ret = r;
5303 return 0; /* finito */
5304 }
5305
5306 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
5307
5308 if (arg_keep_unit) {
5309 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
5310 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
5311 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
5312 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
5313 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
5314 * set we want to have flushed out. */
5315 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
5316 return 0; /* finito */
5317 }
5318
5319 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5320 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5321
5322 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5323 *veth_created = false;
5324 return 1; /* loop again */
5325 }
5326
5327 static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
5328 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 5.16. Let's pass our container payload
5329 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
5330 * container execution environments. */
5331
5332 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
5333 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5334 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
5335 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5336 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5337 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5338 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5339 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK },
5340 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
5341 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
5342 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
5343 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5344 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
5345 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5346 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
5347
5348 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
5349 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
5350 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
5351 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
5352 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
5353 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
5354 };
5355
5356 int rl;
5357
5358 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
5359 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
5360 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
5361 const struct rlimit *v;
5362 struct rlimit buffer;
5363
5364 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
5365 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
5366
5367 if (prlimit(1, rl, NULL, &buffer) < 0)
5368 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
5369
5370 v = &buffer;
5371 } else if (rl == RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
5372 /* We nowadays bump RLIMIT_NOFILE's hard limit early in PID 1 for all
5373 * userspace. Given that nspawn containers are often run without our PID 1,
5374 * let's grant the containers a raised RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit by default,
5375 * so that container userspace gets similar resources as host userspace
5376 * gets. */
5377 buffer = kernel_defaults[rl];
5378 buffer.rlim_max = MIN((rlim_t) read_nr_open(), (rlim_t) HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);
5379 v = &buffer;
5380 } else
5381 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
5382
5383 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
5384 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
5385 return log_oom();
5386 }
5387
5388 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
5389 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
5390
5391 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
5392 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
5393 }
5394 }
5395
5396 return 0;
5397 }
5398
5399 static int cant_be_in_netns(void) {
5400 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
5401 struct ucred ucred;
5402 int r;
5403
5404 /* Check if we are in the same netns as udev. If we aren't, then device monitoring (and thus waiting
5405 * for loopback block devices) won't work, and we will hang. Detect this case and exit early with a
5406 * nice message. */
5407
5408 if (!arg_image) /* only matters if --image= us used, i.e. we actually need to use loopback devices */
5409 return 0;
5410
5411 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5412 if (fd < 0)
5413 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate udev control socket: %m");
5414
5415 r = connect_unix_path(fd, AT_FDCWD, "/run/udev/control");
5416 if (r < 0) {
5417 if (r == -ENOENT || ERRNO_IS_DISCONNECT(r))
5418 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5419 "Sorry, but --image= requires access to the host's /run/ hierarchy, since we need access to udev.");
5420
5421 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect socket to udev control socket: %m");
5422 }
5423
5424 r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
5425 if (r < 0)
5426 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine peer of udev control socket: %m");
5427
5428 r = in_same_namespace(ucred.pid, 0, NAMESPACE_NET);
5429 if (r < 0)
5430 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine network namespace of udev: %m");
5431 if (r == 0)
5432 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5433 "Sorry, but --image= is only supported in the main network namespace, since we need access to udev/AF_NETLINK.");
5434 return 0;
5435 }
5436
5437 static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
5438 bool remove_directory = false, remove_image = false, veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
5439 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
5440 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
5441 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5442 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
5443 struct ExposeArgs expose_args = {};
5444 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
5445 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
5446 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
5447 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
5448 _cleanup_(fw_ctx_freep) FirewallContext *fw_ctx = NULL;
5449 pid_t pid = 0;
5450
5451 log_parse_environment();
5452 log_open();
5453
5454 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5455 if (r <= 0)
5456 goto finish;
5457
5458 if (geteuid() != 0) {
5459 r = log_warning_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
5460 argc >= 2 ? "Need to be root." :
5461 "Need to be root (and some arguments are usually required).\nHint: try --help");
5462 goto finish;
5463 }
5464
5465 r = cant_be_in_netns();
5466 if (r < 0)
5467 goto finish;
5468
5469 r = initialize_rlimits();
5470 if (r < 0)
5471 goto finish;
5472
5473 r = load_oci_bundle();
5474 if (r < 0)
5475 goto finish;
5476
5477 r = determine_names();
5478 if (r < 0)
5479 goto finish;
5480
5481 r = load_settings();
5482 if (r < 0)
5483 goto finish;
5484
5485 r = cg_unified();
5486 if (r < 0) {
5487 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
5488 goto finish;
5489 }
5490
5491 r = verify_arguments();
5492 if (r < 0)
5493 goto finish;
5494
5495 r = verify_network_interfaces_initialized();
5496 if (r < 0)
5497 goto finish;
5498
5499 /* Reapply environment settings. */
5500 (void) detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
5501
5502 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
5503 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
5504 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
5505 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE);
5506
5507 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
5508 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
5509 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
5510 if (r < 0) {
5511 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
5512 goto finish;
5513 }
5514 }
5515
5516 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
5517 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
5518 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
5519 umask(0022);
5520
5521 if (arg_directory) {
5522 assert(!arg_image);
5523
5524 /* Safety precaution: let's not allow running images from the live host OS image, as long as
5525 * /var from the host will propagate into container dynamically (because bad things happen if
5526 * two systems write to the same /var). Let's allow it for the special cases where /var is
5527 * either copied (i.e. --ephemeral) or replaced (i.e. --volatile=yes|state). */
5528 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !(arg_ephemeral || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_STATE))) {
5529 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5530 "Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral, --volatile=yes or --volatile=state.");
5531 goto finish;
5532 }
5533
5534 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5535 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5536
5537 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
5538 if (r < 0)
5539 goto finish;
5540
5541 /* If the specified path is a mount point we generate the new snapshot immediately
5542 * inside it under a random name. However if the specified is not a mount point we
5543 * create the new snapshot in the parent directory, just next to it. */
5544 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, NULL, 0);
5545 if (r < 0) {
5546 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
5547 goto finish;
5548 }
5549 if (r > 0)
5550 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5551 else
5552 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5553 if (r < 0) {
5554 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
5555 goto finish;
5556 }
5557
5558 /* We take an exclusive lock on this image, since it's our private, ephemeral copy
5559 * only owned by us and no one else. */
5560 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5561 if (r < 0) {
5562 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
5563 goto finish;
5564 }
5565
5566 {
5567 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5568 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_directory, AT_FDCWD, np,
5569 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5570 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5571 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5572 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5573 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5574 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5575 }
5576 if (r == -EINTR) {
5577 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", np);
5578 goto finish;
5579 }
5580 if (r < 0) {
5581 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
5582 goto finish;
5583 }
5584
5585 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
5586 remove_directory = true;
5587 } else {
5588 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
5589 if (r < 0)
5590 goto finish;
5591
5592 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5593 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5594 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
5595 goto finish;
5596 }
5597 if (r < 0) {
5598 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
5599 goto finish;
5600 }
5601
5602 if (arg_template) {
5603 r = chase_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
5604 if (r < 0)
5605 goto finish;
5606
5607 {
5608 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5609 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_template, AT_FDCWD, arg_directory,
5610 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5611 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5612 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5613 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
5614 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5615 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5616 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5617 }
5618 if (r == -EEXIST)
5619 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5620 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5621 else if (r == -EINTR) {
5622 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", arg_directory);
5623 goto finish;
5624 } else if (r < 0) {
5625 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
5626 goto finish;
5627 } else
5628 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5629 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5630 }
5631 }
5632
5633 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
5634 _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
5635 const char *p;
5636
5637 if (arg_pivot_root_new) {
5638 b = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
5639 if (!b)
5640 return log_oom();
5641
5642 p = b;
5643 } else
5644 p = arg_directory;
5645
5646 if (path_is_os_tree(p) <= 0) {
5647 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5648 "Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
5649 goto finish;
5650 }
5651 } else {
5652 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
5653
5654 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
5655 p = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new, "/usr/");
5656 else
5657 p = path_join(arg_directory, "/usr/");
5658 if (!p)
5659 return log_oom();
5660
5661 if (laccess(p, F_OK) < 0) {
5662 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5663 "Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree (/usr/ directory is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
5664 goto finish;
5665 }
5666 }
5667
5668 } else {
5669 DissectImageFlags dissect_image_flags =
5670 DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
5671 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
5672 DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
5673 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT |
5674 DISSECT_IMAGE_ADD_PARTITION_DEVICES |
5675 DISSECT_IMAGE_PIN_PARTITION_DEVICES;
5676 assert(arg_image);
5677 assert(!arg_template);
5678
5679 r = chase_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
5680 if (r < 0)
5681 goto finish;
5682
5683 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5684 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5685
5686 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
5687 if (r < 0) {
5688 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
5689 goto finish;
5690 }
5691
5692 /* Always take an exclusive lock on our own ephemeral copy. */
5693 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5694 if (r < 0) {
5695 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5696 goto finish;
5697 }
5698
5699 {
5700 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5701 r = copy_file_full(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600,
5702 FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL,
5703 COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME|COPY_SIGINT,
5704 NULL, NULL);
5705 }
5706 if (r == -EINTR) {
5707 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying image file to %s, removed again.", np);
5708 goto finish;
5709 }
5710 if (r < 0) {
5711 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
5712 goto finish;
5713 }
5714
5715 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
5716 remove_image = true;
5717 } else {
5718 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5719 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5720 r = log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
5721 goto finish;
5722 }
5723 if (r < 0) {
5724 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5725 goto finish;
5726 }
5727
5728 r = verity_settings_load(
5729 &arg_verity_settings,
5730 arg_image, NULL, NULL);
5731 if (r < 0) {
5732 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read verity artefacts for %s: %m", arg_image);
5733 goto finish;
5734 }
5735
5736 if (arg_verity_settings.data_path)
5737 dissect_image_flags |= DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE;
5738 }
5739
5740 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
5741 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
5742 goto finish;
5743 }
5744
5745 remove_tmprootdir = true;
5746
5747 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
5748 if (!arg_directory) {
5749 r = log_oom();
5750 goto finish;
5751 }
5752
5753 r = loop_device_make_by_path(
5754 arg_image,
5755 arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
5756 /* sector_size= */ UINT32_MAX,
5757 FLAGS_SET(dissect_image_flags, DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE) ? 0 : LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN,
5758 LOCK_SH,
5759 &loop);
5760 if (r < 0) {
5761 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
5762 goto finish;
5763 }
5764
5765 r = dissect_loop_device_and_warn(
5766 loop,
5767 &arg_verity_settings,
5768 /* mount_options=*/ NULL,
5769 arg_image_policy ?: &image_policy_container,
5770 dissect_image_flags,
5771 &dissected_image);
5772 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
5773 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
5774 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
5775 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
5776 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
5777 " c) or follow https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/discoverable_partitions_specification\n"
5778 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
5779 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
5780 goto finish;
5781 }
5782 if (r < 0)
5783 goto finish;
5784
5785 r = dissected_image_load_verity_sig_partition(
5786 dissected_image,
5787 loop->fd,
5788 &arg_verity_settings);
5789 if (r < 0)
5790 goto finish;
5791
5792 if (dissected_image->has_verity && !arg_verity_settings.root_hash && !dissected_image->has_verity_sig)
5793 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified and no embedded "
5794 "root hash signature found! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
5795
5796 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(
5797 dissected_image,
5798 NULL,
5799 &arg_verity_settings,
5800 0);
5801 if (r < 0)
5802 goto finish;
5803
5804 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
5805 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
5806 remove_image = false;
5807
5808 if (arg_architecture < 0)
5809 arg_architecture = dissected_image_architecture(dissected_image);
5810 }
5811
5812 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5813 if (r < 0)
5814 goto finish;
5815
5816 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
5817 arg_console_mode =
5818 isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 &&
5819 isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0 ? CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
5820
5821 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
5822 arg_quiet = true;
5823
5824 if (!arg_quiet)
5825 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress Ctrl-] three times within 1s to kill container.",
5826 arg_machine, arg_image ?: arg_directory);
5827
5828 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGRTMIN+18, -1) >= 0);
5829
5830 r = make_reaper_process(true);
5831 if (r < 0) {
5832 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
5833 goto finish;
5834 }
5835
5836 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5837 r = fw_ctx_new(&fw_ctx);
5838 if (r < 0) {
5839 log_error_errno(r, "Cannot expose configured ports, firewall initialization failed: %m");
5840 goto finish;
5841 }
5842 expose_args.fw_ctx = fw_ctx;
5843 }
5844 for (;;) {
5845 r = run_container(dissected_image,
5846 fds,
5847 veth_name, &veth_created,
5848 &expose_args, &master,
5849 &pid, &ret);
5850 if (r <= 0)
5851 break;
5852 }
5853
5854 finish:
5855 (void) sd_notify(false,
5856 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
5857 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
5858
5859 if (pid > 0)
5860 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
5861
5862 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
5863 if (master >= 0) {
5864 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, UINT64_MAX, 0);
5865 master = safe_close(master);
5866 }
5867
5868 if (pid > 0)
5869 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
5870
5871 pager_close();
5872
5873 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
5874 int k;
5875
5876 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
5877 if (k < 0)
5878 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
5879 }
5880
5881 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
5882 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
5883 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
5884 }
5885
5886 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
5887 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
5888 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
5889 }
5890
5891 if (arg_machine) {
5892 const char *p;
5893
5894 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
5895 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
5896 }
5897
5898 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args.address4);
5899 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args.address6);
5900
5901 if (veth_created)
5902 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5903 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
5904
5905 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5906 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
5907 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
5908 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
5909 credential_free_all(arg_credentials, arg_n_credentials);
5910
5911 if (r < 0)
5912 return r;
5913
5914 return ret;
5915 }
5916
5917 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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