Introduce CMake support for configuring Git

Introduce CMake support for configuring Git

At the moment, the recommended way to configure Git's builds is to
simply run `make`. If that does not work, the recommended strategy is to
look at the top of the `Makefile` to see whether any "Makefile knob" has
to be turned on/off, e.g. `make NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease`.

Alternatively, Git also has an `autoconf` setup which allows configuring
builds via `./configure [<option>...]`.

Both of these options are fine if the developer works on Unix or Linux.
But on Windows, we have to jump through hoops to configure a build
(read: we force the user to install a full Git for Windows SDK, which
occupies around two gigabytes (!) on disk and downloads about three
quarters of a gigabyte worth of Git objects).

The build infrastructure for Git is written around being able to run
make, which is not supported natively on Windows.
To help Windows developers a CMake build script is introduced here.

With a working support CMake, developers on Windows need only install
CMake, configure their build, load the generated Visual Studio solution
and immediately start modifying the code and build their own version of
Git. Likewise, developers on other platforms can use the convenient GUI
tools provided by CMake to configure their build.

So let's start building CMake support for Git.

This is only the first step, and to make it easier to review, it only
allows for configuring builds on the platform that is easiest to
configure for: Linux.

The CMake script checks whether the headers are present(eg. libgen.h),
whether the functions are present(eg. memmem), whether the funtions work
properly (eg. snprintf) and generate the required compile definitions
for the platform. The script also searches for the required libraries,
if it fails to find the required libraries the respective executables
won't be built.(eg. If libcurl is not found then git-remote-http won't
be built). This will help building Git easier.

With a CMake script an out of source build of git is possible resulting
in a clean source tree.

Note: this patch asks for the minimum version v3.14 of CMake (which is
not all that old as of time of writing) because that is the first
version to offer a platform-independent way to generate hardlinks as
part of the build. This is needed to generate all those hardlinks for
the built-in commands of Git.

Signed-off-by: Sibi Siddharthan <sibisiddharthan.github@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>