Remove use of SSL object for fragment length checking in record layer

Remove use of SSL object for fragment length checking in record layer

Pass the max fragment length to the record layer when it is applicable
to avoid the need to go through the SSL object.

Reviewed-by: Hugo Landau <hlandau@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/18132)