Validate the category in OSSL_trace_end()

Validate the category in OSSL_trace_end()

OSSL_trace_end() should validate that the category it has been passed
by the caler is valid, and return immediately if not.

Fixes #17353

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthias St. Pierre <Matthias.St.Pierre@ncp-e.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <pauli@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/17371)