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215a7ad1 JH |
1 | git-push(1) |
2 | =========== | |
7fc9d69f JH |
3 | |
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
7bd7f280 | 6 | git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects |
7fc9d69f JH |
7 | |
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
97925fde | 11 | [verse] |
b1889c36 | 12 | 'git push' [--all] [--dry-run] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] |
05ee917a | 13 | [--repo=all] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose] [<repository> <refspec>...] |
7fc9d69f JH |
14 | |
15 | DESCRIPTION | |
16 | ----------- | |
ab9b3138 JH |
17 | |
18 | Updates remote refs using local refs, while sending objects | |
19 | necessary to complete the given refs. | |
7fc9d69f | 20 | |
cc55aaec | 21 | You can make interesting things happen to a repository |
eb0362a4 | 22 | every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there. See |
5162e697 | 23 | documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1]. |
eb0362a4 | 24 | |
7fc9d69f JH |
25 | |
26 | OPTIONS | |
27 | ------- | |
3598a308 | 28 | <repository>:: |
85a97d4e BF |
29 | The "remote" repository that is destination of a push |
30 | operation. See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below. | |
3598a308 BF |
31 | |
32 | <refspec>:: | |
33 | The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is | |
34 | `+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed | |
35 | by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by | |
36 | the destination ref. | |
37 | + | |
491b1b11 SV |
38 | The <src> side represents the source branch (or arbitrary |
39 | "SHA1 expression", such as `master~4` (four parents before the | |
40 | tip of `master` branch); see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) that you | |
41 | want to push. The <dst> side represents the destination location. | |
3598a308 BF |
42 | + |
43 | The local ref that matches <src> is used | |
491b1b11 SV |
44 | to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst> (or, if no <dst> was |
45 | specified, the same ref that <src> referred to locally). If | |
46 | the optional leading plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated | |
3598a308 BF |
47 | even if it does not result in a fast forward update. |
48 | + | |
25fb6290 | 49 | `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`. |
3598a308 | 50 | + |
bb9fca80 JH |
51 | A parameter <ref> without a colon pushes the <ref> from the source |
52 | repository to the destination repository under the same name. | |
25fb6290 JH |
53 | + |
54 | Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from | |
55 | the remote repository. | |
a83619d6 PB |
56 | + |
57 | The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast forward updates) | |
58 | directs git to push "matching" heads: for every head that exists on | |
59 | the local side, the remote side is updated if a head of the same name | |
60 | already exists on the remote side. This is the default operation mode | |
61 | if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line | |
62 | nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below). | |
7fc9d69f | 63 | |
3240240f | 64 | --all:: |
cc55aaec | 65 | Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all |
5c633a4c | 66 | refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/` be pushed. |
d6a73596 | 67 | |
3240240f | 68 | --mirror:: |
ff206748 | 69 | Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all |
73f03627 SP |
70 | refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/` (which includes but is not |
71 | limited to `refs/heads/`, `refs/remotes/`, and `refs/tags/`) | |
ff206748 AW |
72 | be mirrored to the remote repository. Newly created local |
73 | refs will be pushed to the remote end, locally updated refs | |
74 | will be force updated on the remote end, and deleted refs | |
84bb2dfd PB |
75 | will be removed from the remote end. This is the default |
76 | if the configuration option `remote.<remote>.mirror` is | |
77 | set. | |
ff206748 | 78 | |
3240240f | 79 | --dry-run:: |
11f2441f BE |
80 | Do everything except actually send the updates. |
81 | ||
3240240f | 82 | --tags:: |
42301e34 JH |
83 | All refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are pushed, in |
84 | addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command | |
85 | line. | |
86 | ||
3240240f | 87 | --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>:: |
5214f770 UKK |
88 | Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote |
89 | end. Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote | |
90 | repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in | |
91 | a directory on the default $PATH. | |
92 | ||
3240240f | 93 | --exec=<git-receive-pack>:: |
d23842fd UKK |
94 | Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>. |
95 | ||
3240240f SB |
96 | -f:: |
97 | --force:: | |
f0fff36e | 98 | Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is |
64a476e6 | 99 | not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it. |
f0fff36e BF |
100 | This flag disables the check. This can cause the |
101 | remote repository to lose commits; use it with care. | |
7fc9d69f | 102 | |
3240240f | 103 | --repo=<repo>:: |
dc36f265 JH |
104 | When no repository is specified the command defaults to |
105 | "origin"; this overrides it. | |
106 | ||
3240240f SB |
107 | --thin:: |
108 | --no-thin:: | |
dc36f265 JH |
109 | These options are passed to `git-send-pack`. Thin |
110 | transfer spends extra cycles to minimize the number of | |
111 | objects to be sent and meant to be used on slower connection. | |
112 | ||
3240240f SB |
113 | -v:: |
114 | --verbose:: | |
dc36f265 JH |
115 | Run verbosely. |
116 | ||
37ba0561 | 117 | include::urls-remotes.txt[] |
eb0362a4 | 118 | |
066a5268 JK |
119 | OUTPUT |
120 | ------ | |
121 | ||
122 | The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this | |
123 | section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either | |
124 | locally or via ssh). | |
125 | ||
126 | The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line | |
127 | representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form: | |
128 | ||
129 | ------------------------------- | |
130 | <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>) | |
131 | ------------------------------- | |
132 | ||
133 | flag:: | |
134 | A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is | |
135 | blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was | |
136 | rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to | |
137 | date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to | |
138 | date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely). | |
139 | ||
140 | summary:: | |
141 | For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new | |
142 | values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to | |
143 | `git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and | |
144 | `<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a | |
145 | failed update, more details are given for the failure. | |
146 | The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the | |
147 | ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The | |
148 | string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused | |
149 | the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the | |
150 | remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the | |
151 | remote end did not report the successful update of the ref | |
152 | (perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a | |
153 | break in the network connection, or other transient error). | |
154 | ||
155 | from:: | |
156 | The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its | |
157 | `refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the | |
158 | name of the local ref is omitted. | |
159 | ||
160 | to:: | |
161 | The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its | |
162 | `refs/<type>/` prefix. | |
163 | ||
164 | reason:: | |
165 | A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed | |
166 | refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for | |
167 | failure is described. | |
bb9fca80 JH |
168 | |
169 | Examples | |
170 | -------- | |
171 | ||
172 | git push origin master:: | |
173 | Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository | |
174 | (most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update | |
175 | the same ref (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) in `origin` repository | |
491b1b11 SV |
176 | with it. If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be |
177 | created. | |
bb9fca80 JH |
178 | |
179 | git push origin :experimental:: | |
180 | Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository | |
181 | (e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it. | |
182 | ||
183 | git push origin master:satellite/master:: | |
184 | Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository | |
185 | (most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update | |
186 | the ref that matches `satellite/master` (most likely, it would | |
187 | be `refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in `origin` repository with it. | |
188 | ||
4e560158 SP |
189 | git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental:: |
190 | Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository | |
491b1b11 SV |
191 | by copying the current `master` branch. This form is only |
192 | needed to create a new branch or tag in the remote repository when | |
193 | the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise, | |
194 | the ref name on its own will work. | |
4e560158 | 195 | |
7fc9d69f JH |
196 | Author |
197 | ------ | |
25fb6290 JH |
198 | Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>, later rewritten in C |
199 | by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> | |
7fc9d69f JH |
200 | |
201 | Documentation | |
202 | -------------- | |
203 | Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. | |
204 | ||
205 | GIT | |
206 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 207 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |