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Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
9e1f0a85 | 1 | git(1) |
2cf565c5 | 2 | ====== |
2cf565c5 DG |
3 | |
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
6 | git - the stupid content tracker | |
7 | ||
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
8b70004b | 11 | [verse] |
68e4b552 ZJS |
12 | 'git' [--version] [--help] [-c <name>=<value>] |
13 | [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] | |
d49483f0 JT |
14 | [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] |
15 | [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>] | |
68e4b552 | 16 | <command> [<args>] |
2cf565c5 DG |
17 | |
18 | DESCRIPTION | |
19 | ----------- | |
23091e95 BF |
20 | Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an |
21 | unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations | |
22 | and full access to internals. | |
23 | ||
6998e4db | 24 | See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see |
7687ae98 JH |
25 | link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of |
26 | commands. The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more | |
27 | in-depth introduction. | |
cb22bc44 | 28 | |
7687ae98 | 29 | After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this |
2de9b711 TA |
30 | page to learn what commands Git offers. You can learn more about |
31 | individual Git commands with "git help command". linkgit:gitcli[7] | |
7687ae98 | 32 | manual page gives you an overview of the command line command syntax. |
4514ad4f | 33 | |
2de9b711 | 34 | Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation |
7687ae98 | 35 | can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`. |
34b604af | 36 | |
26cfcfbf JH |
37 | ifdef::stalenotes[] |
38 | [NOTE] | |
39 | ============ | |
26cfcfbf | 40 | |
2ff3f61a | 41 | You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly |
2de9b711 | 42 | unreleased) version of Git, that is available from 'master' |
2ff3f61a JH |
43 | branch of the `git.git` repository. |
44 | Documentation for older releases are available here: | |
43a8e4fe | 45 | |
5addd1c7 | 46 | * link:v1.8.3.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.3.3] |
362de916 JH |
47 | |
48 | * release notes for | |
5addd1c7 | 49 | link:RelNotes/1.8.3.3.txt[1.8.3.3], |
3a461832 | 50 | link:RelNotes/1.8.3.2.txt[1.8.3.2], |
362de916 JH |
51 | link:RelNotes/1.8.3.1.txt[1.8.3.1], |
52 | link:RelNotes/1.8.3.txt[1.8.3]. | |
53 | ||
92758dd2 | 54 | * link:v1.8.2.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.2.3] |
239222f5 JH |
55 | |
56 | * release notes for | |
92758dd2 | 57 | link:RelNotes/1.8.2.3.txt[1.8.2.3]. |
4a9a4f0e | 58 | link:RelNotes/1.8.2.2.txt[1.8.2.2]. |
5bda18c1 | 59 | link:RelNotes/1.8.2.1.txt[1.8.2.1]. |
239222f5 JH |
60 | link:RelNotes/1.8.2.txt[1.8.2]. |
61 | ||
2137ce01 | 62 | * link:v1.8.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.1.6] |
5d417842 JH |
63 | |
64 | * release notes for | |
2137ce01 | 65 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.6.txt[1.8.1.6], |
e6363a49 | 66 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.5.txt[1.8.1.5], |
dff9f883 | 67 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.4.txt[1.8.1.4], |
f3500825 JH |
68 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.3.txt[1.8.1.3], |
69 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.2.txt[1.8.1.2], | |
e4f59a32 | 70 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt[1.8.1.1], |
5d417842 JH |
71 | link:RelNotes/1.8.1.txt[1.8.1]. |
72 | ||
15999998 | 73 | * link:v1.8.0.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.0.3] |
8c7a786b JH |
74 | |
75 | * release notes for | |
15999998 | 76 | link:RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt[1.8.0.3], |
3e53891f | 77 | link:RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt[1.8.0.2], |
ed9fe755 JH |
78 | link:RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt[1.8.0.1], |
79 | link:RelNotes/1.8.0.txt[1.8.0]. | |
8c7a786b | 80 | |
7e201053 | 81 | * link:v1.7.12.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.12.4] |
889d3589 JH |
82 | |
83 | * release notes for | |
7e201053 | 84 | link:RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt[1.7.12.4], |
234cd456 | 85 | link:RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt[1.7.12.3], |
d8cf053d | 86 | link:RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt[1.7.12.2], |
304b7d99 | 87 | link:RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt[1.7.12.1], |
889d3589 JH |
88 | link:RelNotes/1.7.12.txt[1.7.12]. |
89 | ||
bafc478f | 90 | * link:v1.7.11.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.11.7] |
0ce2e396 JH |
91 | |
92 | * release notes for | |
bafc478f | 93 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt[1.7.11.7], |
e09e4024 | 94 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt[1.7.11.6], |
cd7c0be1 | 95 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt[1.7.11.5], |
0e4c8822 | 96 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt[1.7.11.4], |
e6dfbcf1 | 97 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt[1.7.11.3], |
8d141a1d | 98 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt[1.7.11.2], |
0e64a95a | 99 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt[1.7.11.1], |
0ce2e396 JH |
100 | link:RelNotes/1.7.11.txt[1.7.11]. |
101 | ||
785ee496 | 102 | * link:v1.7.10.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.10.5] |
e8dde3e5 JH |
103 | |
104 | * release notes for | |
785ee496 | 105 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt[1.7.10.5], |
121f71f0 | 106 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt[1.7.10.4], |
6a6d72b1 | 107 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt[1.7.10.3], |
b6555d73 | 108 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt[1.7.10.2], |
bf505158 | 109 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt[1.7.10.1], |
e8dde3e5 JH |
110 | link:RelNotes/1.7.10.txt[1.7.10]. |
111 | ||
d0f1ea60 | 112 | * link:v1.7.9.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.9.7] |
828ea97d JH |
113 | |
114 | * release notes for | |
d0f1ea60 | 115 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt[1.7.9.7], |
cb2ed324 | 116 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt[1.7.9.6], |
8ced9c90 | 117 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt[1.7.9.5], |
a4603481 | 118 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt[1.7.9.4], |
69f4e08f | 119 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt[1.7.9.3], |
78f4c9f6 | 120 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt[1.7.9.2], |
90020e3b | 121 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt[1.7.9.1], |
828ea97d JH |
122 | link:RelNotes/1.7.9.txt[1.7.9]. |
123 | ||
d9f5ef7a | 124 | * link:v1.7.8.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.8.6] |
406da780 JH |
125 | |
126 | * release notes for | |
d9f5ef7a | 127 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt[1.7.8.6], |
cb2ed324 | 128 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt[1.7.8.5], |
c572f491 | 129 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt[1.7.8.4], |
5f4d133f JH |
130 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt[1.7.8.3], |
131 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt[1.7.8.2], | |
132 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt[1.7.8.1], | |
406da780 JH |
133 | link:RelNotes/1.7.8.txt[1.7.8]. |
134 | ||
82588584 | 135 | * link:v1.7.7.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.7.7] |
703f05ad JH |
136 | |
137 | * release notes for | |
82588584 | 138 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt[1.7.7.7], |
c572f491 | 139 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt[1.7.7.6], |
66c11f02 JH |
140 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt[1.7.7.5], |
141 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt[1.7.7.4], | |
142 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt[1.7.7.3], | |
143 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt[1.7.7.2], | |
f7d958df | 144 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt[1.7.7.1], |
703f05ad JH |
145 | link:RelNotes/1.7.7.txt[1.7.7]. |
146 | ||
f174a258 | 147 | * link:v1.7.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.6.6] |
f696543d JH |
148 | |
149 | * release notes for | |
f174a258 | 150 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt[1.7.6.6], |
15b7898c | 151 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt[1.7.6.5], |
63205264 | 152 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.4.txt[1.7.6.4], |
740a8fc2 | 153 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.3.txt[1.7.6.3], |
509d5970 JH |
154 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.2.txt[1.7.6.2], |
155 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.1.txt[1.7.6.1], | |
f696543d JH |
156 | link:RelNotes/1.7.6.txt[1.7.6]. |
157 | ||
e5af0de2 | 158 | * link:v1.7.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.5.4] |
ec014eac JH |
159 | |
160 | * release notes for | |
e5af0de2 | 161 | link:RelNotes/1.7.5.4.txt[1.7.5.4], |
3c3e0b3c | 162 | link:RelNotes/1.7.5.3.txt[1.7.5.3], |
3d5ae435 | 163 | link:RelNotes/1.7.5.2.txt[1.7.5.2], |
2f312e88 | 164 | link:RelNotes/1.7.5.1.txt[1.7.5.1], |
ec014eac JH |
165 | link:RelNotes/1.7.5.txt[1.7.5]. |
166 | ||
6ceb270c | 167 | * link:v1.7.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.4.5] |
7ed863a8 JH |
168 | |
169 | * release notes for | |
6ceb270c | 170 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.5.txt[1.7.4.5], |
6be05591 | 171 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.4.txt[1.7.4.4], |
cb35c064 JH |
172 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.3.txt[1.7.4.3], |
173 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.2.txt[1.7.4.2], | |
9971d6d5 | 174 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.1.txt[1.7.4.1], |
7ed863a8 JH |
175 | link:RelNotes/1.7.4.txt[1.7.4]. |
176 | ||
685e9d91 | 177 | * link:v1.7.3.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.3.5] |
87b50542 JH |
178 | |
179 | * release notes for | |
685e9d91 | 180 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.5.txt[1.7.3.5], |
15368e18 | 181 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.4.txt[1.7.3.4], |
ed94cc76 | 182 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.3.txt[1.7.3.3], |
8a904385 | 183 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.2.txt[1.7.3.2], |
92c1e717 | 184 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.1.txt[1.7.3.1], |
87b50542 JH |
185 | link:RelNotes/1.7.3.txt[1.7.3]. |
186 | ||
1b974346 | 187 | * link:v1.7.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.2.5] |
64fdc08d JH |
188 | |
189 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 190 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.5.txt[1.7.2.5], |
ed94cc76 | 191 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.4.txt[1.7.2.4], |
761e742d NP |
192 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.3.txt[1.7.2.3], |
193 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.2.txt[1.7.2.2], | |
194 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.1.txt[1.7.2.1], | |
195 | link:RelNotes/1.7.2.txt[1.7.2]. | |
64fdc08d | 196 | |
1b974346 | 197 | * link:v1.7.1.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.1.4] |
d599e048 JH |
198 | |
199 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 200 | link:RelNotes/1.7.1.4.txt[1.7.1.4], |
ed94cc76 | 201 | link:RelNotes/1.7.1.3.txt[1.7.1.3], |
761e742d NP |
202 | link:RelNotes/1.7.1.2.txt[1.7.1.2], |
203 | link:RelNotes/1.7.1.1.txt[1.7.1.1], | |
204 | link:RelNotes/1.7.1.txt[1.7.1]. | |
d599e048 | 205 | |
1b974346 | 206 | * link:v1.7.0.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.0.9] |
e923eaeb JH |
207 | |
208 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 209 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.9.txt[1.7.0.9], |
ed94cc76 | 210 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.8.txt[1.7.0.8], |
761e742d NP |
211 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.7.txt[1.7.0.7], |
212 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.6.txt[1.7.0.6], | |
213 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.5.txt[1.7.0.5], | |
214 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.4.txt[1.7.0.4], | |
215 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.3.txt[1.7.0.3], | |
216 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.2.txt[1.7.0.2], | |
217 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.1.txt[1.7.0.1], | |
218 | link:RelNotes/1.7.0.txt[1.7.0]. | |
e923eaeb | 219 | |
1b974346 | 220 | * link:v1.6.6.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.3] |
902f2353 JH |
221 | |
222 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 223 | link:RelNotes/1.6.6.3.txt[1.6.6.3], |
761e742d NP |
224 | link:RelNotes/1.6.6.2.txt[1.6.6.2], |
225 | link:RelNotes/1.6.6.1.txt[1.6.6.1], | |
226 | link:RelNotes/1.6.6.txt[1.6.6]. | |
902f2353 | 227 | |
1b974346 | 228 | * link:v1.6.5.9/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.9] |
78d553b7 JH |
229 | |
230 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 231 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.9.txt[1.6.5.9], |
761e742d NP |
232 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.8.txt[1.6.5.8], |
233 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.7.txt[1.6.5.7], | |
234 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.6.txt[1.6.5.6], | |
235 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.5.txt[1.6.5.5], | |
236 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.4.txt[1.6.5.4], | |
237 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.3.txt[1.6.5.3], | |
238 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.2.txt[1.6.5.2], | |
239 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.1.txt[1.6.5.1], | |
240 | link:RelNotes/1.6.5.txt[1.6.5]. | |
78d553b7 | 241 | |
1b974346 | 242 | * link:v1.6.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.5] |
0a53e9dd JH |
243 | |
244 | * release notes for | |
1b974346 | 245 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.5.txt[1.6.4.5], |
761e742d NP |
246 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.4.txt[1.6.4.4], |
247 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.3.txt[1.6.4.3], | |
248 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.2.txt[1.6.4.2], | |
249 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.1.txt[1.6.4.1], | |
250 | link:RelNotes/1.6.4.txt[1.6.4]. | |
0a53e9dd | 251 | |
441b40d8 | 252 | * link:v1.6.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.3.4] |
6096d759 JH |
253 | |
254 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
255 | link:RelNotes/1.6.3.4.txt[1.6.3.4], |
256 | link:RelNotes/1.6.3.3.txt[1.6.3.3], | |
257 | link:RelNotes/1.6.3.2.txt[1.6.3.2], | |
258 | link:RelNotes/1.6.3.1.txt[1.6.3.1], | |
259 | link:RelNotes/1.6.3.txt[1.6.3]. | |
a95148de JH |
260 | |
261 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
262 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.5.txt[1.6.2.5], |
263 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.4.txt[1.6.2.4], | |
264 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.3.txt[1.6.2.3], | |
265 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.2.txt[1.6.2.2], | |
266 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.1.txt[1.6.2.1], | |
267 | link:RelNotes/1.6.2.txt[1.6.2]. | |
a95148de | 268 | |
621f1b4b | 269 | * link:v1.6.1.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1.3] |
8104ebfe JH |
270 | |
271 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
272 | link:RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt[1.6.1.3], |
273 | link:RelNotes/1.6.1.2.txt[1.6.1.2], | |
274 | link:RelNotes/1.6.1.1.txt[1.6.1.1], | |
275 | link:RelNotes/1.6.1.txt[1.6.1]. | |
8104ebfe | 276 | |
efe05b01 | 277 | * link:v1.6.0.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.6] |
ea02eef0 JH |
278 | |
279 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
280 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.6.txt[1.6.0.6], |
281 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.5.txt[1.6.0.5], | |
282 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.4.txt[1.6.0.4], | |
283 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt[1.6.0.3], | |
284 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt[1.6.0.2], | |
285 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.1.txt[1.6.0.1], | |
286 | link:RelNotes/1.6.0.txt[1.6.0]. | |
ea02eef0 | 287 | |
efe05b01 | 288 | * link:v1.5.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.6] |
e449f105 JH |
289 | |
290 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
291 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.6.txt[1.5.6.6], |
292 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5], | |
293 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4], | |
294 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3], | |
295 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.2.txt[1.5.6.2], | |
296 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1], | |
297 | link:RelNotes/1.5.6.txt[1.5.6]. | |
e449f105 | 298 | |
efe05b01 | 299 | * link:v1.5.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.6] |
1d2375dd JH |
300 | |
301 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
302 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.6.txt[1.5.5.6], |
303 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.5.txt[1.5.5.5], | |
304 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4], | |
305 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3], | |
306 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2], | |
307 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1], | |
308 | link:RelNotes/1.5.5.txt[1.5.5]. | |
1d2375dd | 309 | |
efe05b01 | 310 | * link:v1.5.4.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.7] |
6ce8e44a JH |
311 | |
312 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
313 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.7.txt[1.5.4.7], |
314 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.6.txt[1.5.4.6], | |
315 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5], | |
316 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4], | |
317 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3], | |
318 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2], | |
319 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1], | |
320 | link:RelNotes/1.5.4.txt[1.5.4]. | |
6ce8e44a | 321 | |
e708af6e | 322 | * link:v1.5.3.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.3.8] |
5587cac2 JH |
323 | |
324 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
325 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.8.txt[1.5.3.8], |
326 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.7.txt[1.5.3.7], | |
327 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.6.txt[1.5.3.6], | |
328 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.5.txt[1.5.3.5], | |
329 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.4.txt[1.5.3.4], | |
330 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.3.txt[1.5.3.3], | |
331 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.2.txt[1.5.3.2], | |
332 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.1.txt[1.5.3.1], | |
333 | link:RelNotes/1.5.3.txt[1.5.3]. | |
b6e4db6a | 334 | |
e636106c JH |
335 | * link:v1.5.2.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.2.5] |
336 | ||
aba170cd | 337 | * release notes for |
761e742d NP |
338 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.5.txt[1.5.2.5], |
339 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.4.txt[1.5.2.4], | |
340 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.3.txt[1.5.2.3], | |
341 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.2.txt[1.5.2.2], | |
342 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt[1.5.2.1], | |
343 | link:RelNotes/1.5.2.txt[1.5.2]. | |
aba170cd JH |
344 | |
345 | * link:v1.5.1.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.1.6] | |
346 | ||
347 | * release notes for | |
761e742d NP |
348 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.6.txt[1.5.1.6], |
349 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.5.txt[1.5.1.5], | |
350 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.4.txt[1.5.1.4], | |
351 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3], | |
352 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2], | |
353 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1], | |
354 | link:RelNotes/1.5.1.txt[1.5.1]. | |
2ff3f61a JH |
355 | |
356 | * link:v1.5.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.7] | |
357 | ||
aba170cd | 358 | * release notes for |
761e742d NP |
359 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7], |
360 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6], | |
361 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5], | |
362 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3], | |
363 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2], | |
364 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1], | |
365 | link:RelNotes/1.5.0.txt[1.5.0]. | |
2ff3f61a JH |
366 | |
367 | * documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4], | |
368 | link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3], | |
369 | link:v1.2.6/git.html[1.2.6], | |
370 | link:v1.0.13/git.html[1.0.13]. | |
26cfcfbf JH |
371 | |
372 | ============ | |
373 | ||
374 | endif::stalenotes[] | |
375 | ||
cb22bc44 AE |
376 | OPTIONS |
377 | ------- | |
378 | --version:: | |
2de9b711 | 379 | Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from. |
cb22bc44 AE |
380 | |
381 | --help:: | |
a87cd02c | 382 | Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used |
0f6f195b | 383 | commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all |
2de9b711 | 384 | available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this |
0f6f195b | 385 | option will bring up the manual page for that command. |
45533d26 CC |
386 | + |
387 | Other options are available to control how the manual page is | |
5162e697 | 388 | displayed. See linkgit:git-help[1] for more information, |
db5d6666 JN |
389 | because `git --help ...` is converted internally into `git |
390 | help ...`. | |
cb22bc44 | 391 | |
8b1fa778 AR |
392 | -c <name>=<value>:: |
393 | Pass a configuration parameter to the command. The value | |
394 | given will override values from configuration files. | |
395 | The <name> is expected in the same format as listed by | |
396 | 'git config' (subkeys separated by dots). | |
397 | ||
62b4698e | 398 | --exec-path[=<path>]:: |
2de9b711 | 399 | Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed. |
cb22bc44 | 400 | This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH |
56992f76 | 401 | environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print |
cb22bc44 AE |
402 | the current setting and then exit. |
403 | ||
89a56bfb | 404 | --html-path:: |
2de9b711 | 405 | Print the path, without trailing slash, where Git's HTML |
239b5ed9 | 406 | documentation is installed and exit. |
89a56bfb | 407 | |
f2dd8c37 | 408 | --man-path:: |
239b5ed9 | 409 | Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for |
2de9b711 | 410 | this version of Git and exit. |
f2dd8c37 JS |
411 | |
412 | --info-path:: | |
239b5ed9 | 413 | Print the path where the Info files documenting this |
2de9b711 | 414 | version of Git are installed and exit. |
89a56bfb | 415 | |
3240240f SB |
416 | -p:: |
417 | --paginate:: | |
06300d97 JN |
418 | Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER) if standard |
419 | output is a terminal. This overrides the `pager.<cmd>` | |
420 | configuration options (see the "Configuration Mechanism" section | |
421 | below). | |
6acbcb92 | 422 | |
463a849d | 423 | --no-pager:: |
2de9b711 | 424 | Do not pipe Git output into a pager. |
463a849d | 425 | |
6acbcb92 JS |
426 | --git-dir=<path>:: |
427 | Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by | |
302cc11a LY |
428 | setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute |
429 | path or relative path to current working directory. | |
6acbcb92 | 430 | |
892c41b9 | 431 | --work-tree=<path>:: |
ea472c1e JH |
432 | Set the path to the working tree. It can be an absolute path |
433 | or a path relative to the current working directory. | |
892c41b9 ML |
434 | This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE |
435 | environment variable and the core.worktree configuration | |
ea472c1e JH |
436 | variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a |
437 | more detailed discussion). | |
892c41b9 | 438 | |
d49483f0 | 439 | --namespace=<path>:: |
2de9b711 | 440 | Set the Git namespace. See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more |
d49483f0 JT |
441 | details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment |
442 | variable. | |
443 | ||
6acbcb92 | 444 | --bare:: |
9277d602 JH |
445 | Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR |
446 | environment is not set, it is set to the current working | |
447 | directory. | |
448 | ||
b0fa7ab5 | 449 | --no-replace-objects:: |
2de9b711 | 450 | Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See |
b0fa7ab5 CC |
451 | linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information. |
452 | ||
823ab40f JK |
453 | --literal-pathspecs:: |
454 | Treat pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. This is | |
455 | equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment | |
456 | variable to `1`. | |
457 | ||
9755afbd | 458 | |
23091e95 BF |
459 | GIT COMMANDS |
460 | ------------ | |
9755afbd | 461 | |
2de9b711 | 462 | We divide Git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level |
23091e95 | 463 | ("plumbing") commands. |
8b15e2fb | 464 | |
23091e95 BF |
465 | High-level commands (porcelain) |
466 | ------------------------------- | |
467 | ||
468 | We separate the porcelain commands into the main commands and some | |
469 | ancillary user utilities. | |
470 | ||
471 | Main porcelain commands | |
472 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
905197de | 473 | |
377e8139 | 474 | include::cmds-mainporcelain.txt[] |
e31bb3bb | 475 | |
90933efb | 476 | Ancillary Commands |
23091e95 | 477 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
2f2de9b4 JH |
478 | Manipulators: |
479 | ||
377e8139 | 480 | include::cmds-ancillarymanipulators.txt[] |
204ee6a9 | 481 | |
90933efb | 482 | Interrogators: |
204ee6a9 | 483 | |
377e8139 | 484 | include::cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt[] |
7fc9d69f | 485 | |
89bf2077 JH |
486 | |
487 | Interacting with Others | |
488 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
489 | ||
490 | These commands are to interact with foreign SCM and with other | |
491 | people via patch over e-mail. | |
492 | ||
493 | include::cmds-foreignscminterface.txt[] | |
494 | ||
495 | ||
b1f33d62 RR |
496 | Low-level commands (plumbing) |
497 | ----------------------------- | |
498 | ||
2de9b711 | 499 | Although Git includes its |
b1f33d62 RR |
500 | own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support |
501 | development of alternative porcelains. Developers of such porcelains | |
5162e697 DM |
502 | might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and |
503 | linkgit:git-read-tree[1]. | |
b1f33d62 | 504 | |
89bf2077 JH |
505 | The interface (input, output, set of options and the semantics) |
506 | to these low-level commands are meant to be a lot more stable | |
507 | than Porcelain level commands, because these commands are | |
508 | primarily for scripted use. The interface to Porcelain commands | |
509 | on the other hand are subject to change in order to improve the | |
510 | end user experience. | |
511 | ||
512 | The following description divides | |
513 | the low-level commands into commands that manipulate objects (in | |
b1f33d62 RR |
514 | the repository, index, and working tree), commands that interrogate and |
515 | compare objects, and commands that move objects and references between | |
516 | repositories. | |
517 | ||
89bf2077 | 518 | |
b1f33d62 RR |
519 | Manipulation commands |
520 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
b1f33d62 | 521 | |
377e8139 | 522 | include::cmds-plumbingmanipulators.txt[] |
b1f33d62 RR |
523 | |
524 | ||
525 | Interrogation commands | |
526 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
527 | ||
377e8139 | 528 | include::cmds-plumbinginterrogators.txt[] |
b1f33d62 RR |
529 | |
530 | In general, the interrogate commands do not touch the files in | |
531 | the working tree. | |
532 | ||
533 | ||
534 | Synching repositories | |
535 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
536 | ||
377e8139 | 537 | include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[] |
b1f33d62 | 538 | |
57f6ec02 | 539 | The following are helper commands used by the above; end users |
89bf2077 JH |
540 | typically do not use them directly. |
541 | ||
542 | include::cmds-synchelpers.txt[] | |
543 | ||
544 | ||
545 | Internal helper commands | |
546 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
547 | ||
548 | These are internal helper commands used by other commands; end | |
549 | users typically do not use them directly. | |
550 | ||
551 | include::cmds-purehelpers.txt[] | |
552 | ||
b1f33d62 | 553 | |
5773c9f2 JH |
554 | Configuration Mechanism |
555 | ----------------------- | |
556 | ||
c0179c0d MM |
557 | Git uses a simple text format to store customizations that are per |
558 | repository and are per user. Such a configuration file may look | |
559 | like this: | |
5773c9f2 JH |
560 | |
561 | ------------ | |
562 | # | |
2fa090b6 | 563 | # A '#' or ';' character indicates a comment. |
5773c9f2 JH |
564 | # |
565 | ||
566 | ; core variables | |
567 | [core] | |
568 | ; Don't trust file modes | |
569 | filemode = false | |
570 | ||
571 | ; user identity | |
572 | [user] | |
573 | name = "Junio C Hamano" | |
c0179c0d | 574 | email = "gitster@pobox.com" |
5773c9f2 JH |
575 | |
576 | ------------ | |
577 | ||
578 | Various commands read from the configuration file and adjust | |
06300d97 | 579 | their operation accordingly. See linkgit:git-config[1] for a |
c0179c0d | 580 | list and more details about the configuration mechanism. |
5773c9f2 JH |
581 | |
582 | ||
6c84e2e0 | 583 | Identifier Terminology |
2cf565c5 DG |
584 | ---------------------- |
585 | <object>:: | |
2fa090b6 | 586 | Indicates the object name for any type of object. |
2cf565c5 DG |
587 | |
588 | <blob>:: | |
2fa090b6 | 589 | Indicates a blob object name. |
2cf565c5 DG |
590 | |
591 | <tree>:: | |
2fa090b6 | 592 | Indicates a tree object name. |
2cf565c5 DG |
593 | |
594 | <commit>:: | |
2fa090b6 | 595 | Indicates a commit object name. |
2cf565c5 DG |
596 | |
597 | <tree-ish>:: | |
2fa090b6 | 598 | Indicates a tree, commit or tag object name. A |
6c84e2e0 DG |
599 | command that takes a <tree-ish> argument ultimately wants to |
600 | operate on a <tree> object but automatically dereferences | |
601 | <commit> and <tag> objects that point at a <tree>. | |
2cf565c5 | 602 | |
043d7605 TT |
603 | <commit-ish>:: |
604 | Indicates a commit or tag object name. A | |
605 | command that takes a <commit-ish> argument ultimately wants to | |
606 | operate on a <commit> object but automatically dereferences | |
607 | <tag> objects that point at a <commit>. | |
608 | ||
2cf565c5 DG |
609 | <type>:: |
610 | Indicates that an object type is required. | |
2fa090b6 | 611 | Currently one of: `blob`, `tree`, `commit`, or `tag`. |
2cf565c5 DG |
612 | |
613 | <file>:: | |
2fa090b6 JH |
614 | Indicates a filename - almost always relative to the |
615 | root of the tree structure `GIT_INDEX_FILE` describes. | |
2cf565c5 | 616 | |
c1bdacf9 DG |
617 | Symbolic Identifiers |
618 | -------------------- | |
2de9b711 | 619 | Any Git command accepting any <object> can also use the following |
6c84e2e0 | 620 | symbolic notation: |
c1bdacf9 DG |
621 | |
622 | HEAD:: | |
0abcfbff | 623 | indicates the head of the current branch. |
2fa090b6 | 624 | |
c1bdacf9 | 625 | <tag>:: |
2fa090b6 | 626 | a valid tag 'name' |
0abcfbff | 627 | (i.e. a `refs/tags/<tag>` reference). |
2fa090b6 | 628 | |
c1bdacf9 | 629 | <head>:: |
2fa090b6 | 630 | a valid head 'name' |
0abcfbff | 631 | (i.e. a `refs/heads/<head>` reference). |
2fa090b6 | 632 | |
d47107d8 | 633 | For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see |
9d83e382 | 634 | "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7]. |
d47107d8 | 635 | |
c1bdacf9 DG |
636 | |
637 | File/Directory Structure | |
638 | ------------------------ | |
c1bdacf9 | 639 | |
6998e4db | 640 | Please see the linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] document. |
c1bdacf9 | 641 | |
6998e4db | 642 | Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about each hook. |
6250ad1e | 643 | |
c1bdacf9 | 644 | Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the |
2fa090b6 | 645 | `$GIT_DIR`. |
c1bdacf9 | 646 | |
a1d4aa74 | 647 | |
2cf565c5 DG |
648 | Terminology |
649 | ----------- | |
6998e4db | 650 | Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7]. |
2cf565c5 DG |
651 | |
652 | ||
653 | Environment Variables | |
654 | --------------------- | |
2de9b711 | 655 | Various Git commands use the following environment variables: |
2cf565c5 | 656 | |
2de9b711 | 657 | The Git Repository |
c1bdacf9 | 658 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
2de9b711 | 659 | These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it |
c1bdacf9 | 660 | is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above |
2de9b711 | 661 | Git so take care if using Cogito etc. |
c1bdacf9 DG |
662 | |
663 | 'GIT_INDEX_FILE':: | |
664 | This environment allows the specification of an alternate | |
5f3aa197 LS |
665 | index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index` |
666 | is used. | |
c1bdacf9 DG |
667 | |
668 | 'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY':: | |
669 | If the object storage directory is specified via this | |
670 | environment variable then the sha1 directories are created | |
671 | underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects` | |
672 | directory is used. | |
673 | ||
674 | 'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES':: | |
2de9b711 | 675 | Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be |
c1bdacf9 | 676 | archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable |
80ba074f | 677 | specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list |
2de9b711 | 678 | of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git |
80ba074f | 679 | objects. New objects will not be written to these directories. |
c1bdacf9 DG |
680 | |
681 | 'GIT_DIR':: | |
2fa090b6 JH |
682 | If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it |
683 | specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git` | |
684 | for the base of the repository. | |
75940a00 | 685 | The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value. |
c1bdacf9 | 686 | |
892c41b9 | 687 | 'GIT_WORK_TREE':: |
a758a349 | 688 | Set the path to the root of the working tree. |
892c41b9 ML |
689 | This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command line |
690 | option and the core.worktree configuration variable. | |
691 | ||
d49483f0 | 692 | 'GIT_NAMESPACE':: |
2de9b711 | 693 | Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details. |
d49483f0 JT |
694 | The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value. |
695 | ||
0454dd93 | 696 | 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES':: |
7ec30aaa | 697 | This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths. If |
3e07d268 | 698 | set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up |
7ec30aaa MH |
699 | into while looking for a repository directory (useful for |
700 | excluding slow-loading network directories). It will not | |
701 | exclude the current working directory or a GIT_DIR set on the | |
702 | command line or in the environment. Normally, Git has to read | |
703 | the entries in this list and resolve any symlink that | |
704 | might be present in order to compare them with the current | |
705 | directory. However, if even this access is slow, you | |
706 | can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the | |
707 | subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved; | |
708 | e.g., | |
709 | 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'. | |
0454dd93 | 710 | |
cf87463e | 711 | 'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM':: |
e6405517 | 712 | When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository |
2de9b711 | 713 | directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent |
e6405517 JH |
714 | directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it |
715 | does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable | |
2de9b711 | 716 | can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem |
cf87463e JH |
717 | boundaries. Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect |
718 | an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the | |
719 | command line. | |
8030e442 | 720 | |
2de9b711 | 721 | Git Commits |
c1bdacf9 DG |
722 | ~~~~~~~~~~~ |
723 | 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME':: | |
724 | 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL':: | |
725 | 'GIT_AUTHOR_DATE':: | |
726 | 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME':: | |
727 | 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL':: | |
4e58bf97 | 728 | 'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE':: |
28a94f88 | 729 | 'EMAIL':: |
5162e697 | 730 | see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1] |
c1bdacf9 | 731 | |
2de9b711 | 732 | Git Diffs |
c1bdacf9 | 733 | ~~~~~~~~~ |
d81ed1b5 | 734 | 'GIT_DIFF_OPTS':: |
fde97d8a SE |
735 | Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the |
736 | number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created. | |
737 | This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option | |
2de9b711 | 738 | value passed on the Git diff command line. |
fde97d8a | 739 | |
d81ed1b5 | 740 | 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF':: |
fde97d8a SE |
741 | When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the |
742 | program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation | |
743 | described above. For a path that is added, removed, or modified, | |
744 | 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 7 parameters: | |
745 | ||
746 | path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode | |
747 | + | |
748 | where: | |
749 | ||
750 | <old|new>-file:: are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the | |
751 | contents of <old|new>, | |
d5fa1f1a | 752 | <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA-1 hashes, |
fde97d8a | 753 | <old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes. |
fde97d8a SE |
754 | + |
755 | The file parameters can point at the user's working file | |
756 | (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file` | |
757 | when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the | |
758 | index). 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' should not worry about unlinking the | |
759 | temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits. | |
760 | + | |
761 | For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1 | |
762 | parameter, <path>. | |
2cf565c5 | 763 | |
575ba9d6 ML |
764 | other |
765 | ~~~~~ | |
dbddb714 JN |
766 | 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY':: |
767 | A number controlling the amount of output shown by | |
768 | the recursive merge strategy. Overrides merge.verbosity. | |
5162e697 | 769 | See linkgit:git-merge[1] |
dbddb714 | 770 | |
c27d205a | 771 | 'GIT_PAGER':: |
a7738c77 | 772 | This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set |
2de9b711 | 773 | to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch |
ab54cd6c JN |
774 | a pager. See also the `core.pager` option in |
775 | linkgit:git-config[1]. | |
c27d205a | 776 | |
36384c97 RSM |
777 | 'GIT_EDITOR':: |
778 | This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`. | |
2de9b711 | 779 | It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode, |
36384c97 RSM |
780 | an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1] |
781 | and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1]. | |
782 | ||
d5538b41 | 783 | 'GIT_SSH':: |
0b444cdb TR |
784 | If this environment variable is set then 'git fetch' |
785 | and 'git push' will use this command instead | |
2fd02c92 | 786 | of 'ssh' when they need to connect to a remote system. |
e39c695d DB |
787 | The '$GIT_SSH' command will be given exactly two or |
788 | four arguments: the 'username@host' (or just 'host') | |
789 | from the URL and the shell command to execute on that | |
790 | remote system, optionally preceded by '-p' (literally) and | |
791 | the 'port' from the URL when it specifies something other | |
792 | than the default SSH port. | |
d5538b41 SP |
793 | + |
794 | To pass options to the program that you want to list in GIT_SSH | |
795 | you will need to wrap the program and options into a shell script, | |
796 | then set GIT_SSH to refer to the shell script. | |
797 | + | |
798 | Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your | |
799 | personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation | |
800 | for further details. | |
801 | ||
453842c9 | 802 | 'GIT_ASKPASS':: |
2de9b711 | 803 | If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to |
453842c9 KF |
804 | acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication) |
805 | will call this program with a suitable prompt as command line argument | |
806 | and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askpass' | |
807 | option in linkgit:git-config[1]. | |
808 | ||
e8ef401c JN |
809 | 'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM':: |
810 | Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide | |
811 | `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can | |
812 | be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a | |
813 | predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it | |
814 | temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while | |
815 | waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it. | |
816 | ||
06f59e9f TT |
817 | 'GIT_FLUSH':: |
818 | If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such | |
0b444cdb TR |
819 | as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log', |
820 | and 'git whatchanged' will force a flush of the output stream | |
06f59e9f TT |
821 | after each commit-oriented record have been flushed. If this |
822 | variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done | |
823 | using completely buffered I/O. If this environment variable is | |
2de9b711 | 824 | not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing |
06f59e9f TT |
825 | based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not. |
826 | ||
575ba9d6 | 827 | 'GIT_TRACE':: |
2886bdb1 | 828 | If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison |
2de9b711 | 829 | is case insensitive), Git will print `trace:` messages on |
575ba9d6 ML |
830 | stderr telling about alias expansion, built-in command |
831 | execution and external command execution. | |
2886bdb1 | 832 | If this variable is set to an integer value greater than 1 |
2de9b711 | 833 | and lower than 10 (strictly) then Git will interpret this |
2886bdb1 CC |
834 | value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the |
835 | trace messages into this file descriptor. | |
836 | Alternatively, if this variable is set to an absolute path | |
2de9b711 | 837 | (starting with a '/' character), Git will interpret this |
2886bdb1 CC |
838 | as a file path and will try to write the trace messages |
839 | into it. | |
575ba9d6 | 840 | |
823ab40f | 841 | GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS:: |
2de9b711 | 842 | Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all |
823ab40f JK |
843 | pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example, |
844 | running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search | |
845 | for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the | |
846 | glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding | |
2de9b711 | 847 | literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by |
823ab40f JK |
848 | `git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc). |
849 | ||
850 | ||
8db9307c JH |
851 | Discussion[[Discussion]] |
852 | ------------------------ | |
40dac517 BF |
853 | |
854 | More detail on the following is available from the | |
2de9b711 | 855 | link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the |
6998e4db | 856 | user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7]. |
40dac517 | 857 | |
2de9b711 | 858 | A Git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git" |
40dac517 BF |
859 | subdirectory at the top level. The .git directory contains, among other |
860 | things, a compressed object database representing the complete history | |
861 | of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current | |
862 | contents of the working tree, and named pointers into that history such | |
863 | as tags and branch heads. | |
864 | ||
865 | The object database contains objects of three main types: blobs, which | |
866 | hold file data; trees, which point to blobs and other trees to build up | |
02ff6250 | 867 | directory hierarchies; and commits, which each reference a single tree |
40dac517 BF |
868 | and some number of parent commits. |
869 | ||
870 | The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or | |
871 | "version", represents a step in the project's history, and each parent | |
872 | represents an immediately preceding step. Commits with more than one | |
873 | parent represent merges of independent lines of development. | |
874 | ||
d5fa1f1a | 875 | All objects are named by the SHA-1 hash of their contents, normally |
40dac517 BF |
876 | written as a string of 40 hex digits. Such names are globally unique. |
877 | The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing | |
878 | just that commit. A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this | |
879 | purpose. | |
880 | ||
881 | When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for | |
882 | efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files". | |
883 | ||
884 | Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history. A ref | |
d5fa1f1a TA |
885 | may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs |
886 | with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most | |
887 | recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA-1 names of | |
40dac517 BF |
888 | tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`. A special ref named |
889 | `HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch. | |
890 | ||
891 | The index file is initialized with a list of all paths and, for each | |
892 | path, a blob object and a set of attributes. The blob object represents | |
893 | the contents of the file as of the head of the current branch. The | |
894 | attributes (last modified time, size, etc.) are taken from the | |
895 | corresponding file in the working tree. Subsequent changes to the | |
896 | working tree can be found by comparing these attributes. The index may | |
897 | be updated with new content, and new commits may be created from the | |
898 | content stored in the index. | |
899 | ||
900 | The index is also capable of storing multiple entries (called "stages") | |
901 | for a given pathname. These stages are used to hold the various | |
902 | unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress. | |
6c84e2e0 | 903 | |
7687ae98 JH |
904 | FURTHER DOCUMENTATION |
905 | --------------------- | |
906 | ||
907 | See the references in the "description" section to get started | |
2de9b711 | 908 | using Git. The following is probably more detail than necessary |
7687ae98 JH |
909 | for a first-time user. |
910 | ||
2de9b711 | 911 | The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the |
7687ae98 | 912 | user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide |
2de9b711 | 913 | introductions to the underlying Git architecture. |
7687ae98 JH |
914 | |
915 | See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows. | |
916 | ||
917 | See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful | |
918 | examples. | |
919 | ||
920 | The internals are documented in the | |
48a8c26c | 921 | link:technical/api-index.html[Git API documentation]. |
7687ae98 JH |
922 | |
923 | Users migrating from CVS may also want to | |
924 | read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]. | |
925 | ||
926 | ||
cb22bc44 AE |
927 | Authors |
928 | ------- | |
48bb914e | 929 | Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio |
2de9b711 | 930 | C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list |
6ecc01f2 JH |
931 | <git@vger.kernel.org>. http://www.ohloh.net/p/git/contributors/summary |
932 | gives you a more complete list of contributors. | |
933 | ||
934 | If you have a clone of git.git itself, the | |
d8f708f8 JK |
935 | output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you |
936 | the authors for specific parts of the project. | |
2cf565c5 | 937 | |
c97ca277 JH |
938 | Reporting Bugs |
939 | -------------- | |
940 | ||
941 | Report bugs to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org> where the | |
942 | development and maintenance is primarily done. You do not have to be | |
943 | subscribed to the list to send a message there. | |
944 | ||
497c8331 CC |
945 | SEE ALSO |
946 | -------- | |
947 | linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7], | |
5cbef01a | 948 | link:everyday.html[Everyday Git], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7], |
497c8331 | 949 | linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7], |
801a011d TR |
950 | linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual], |
951 | linkgit:gitworkflows[7] | |
497c8331 | 952 | |
2cf565c5 DG |
953 | GIT |
954 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 955 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |