wildmatch: avoid undefined behavior

wildmatch: avoid undefined behavior

The code changed in this commit is designed to check if the pattern
starts with "**/" or contains "/**/" (see 3a078dec33 (wildmatch: fix
"**" special case, 2013-01-01)). Unfortunately when the pattern begins
with "**/" `prev_p = p - 2` is evaluated when `p` points to the second
"*" and so the subtraction is undefined according to section 6.5.6 of
the C standard because the result does not point within the same object
as `p`. Fix this by avoiding the subtraction unless it is well defined.

Signed-off-by: Phillip Wood <phillip.wood@dunelm.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>