add option to get a certificate or CRL from a URL

[thirdparty/openssl.git] / apps / apps.c

/* apps/apps.c */
/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This package is an SSL implementation written
 * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
 * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
 * 
 * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
 * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
 * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
 * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
 * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
 * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 * 
 * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
 * the code are not to be removed.
 * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
 * as the author of the parts of the library used.
 * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
 * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
 *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
 *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
 *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
 * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
 *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 * 
 * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
 * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
 * copied and put under another distribution licence
 * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
 *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
 *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
 *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
 *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
 *
 * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
 *    acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
 * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
 * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
 * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
 * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 */

#if !defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && defined(OPENSSL_SYS_VMS)
#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 2	/* On VMS, you need to define this to get
				   the declaration of fileno().  The value
				   2 is to make sure no function defined
				   in POSIX-2 is left undefined. */
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#if !defined(OPENSSL_SYSNAME_WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE_CLIB)
#include <strings.h>
#endif
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
#include <openssl/ui.h>
#include <openssl/safestack.h>
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
#include <openssl/engine.h>
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#endif
#include <openssl/bn.h>
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE
#include <openssl/jpake.h>
#endif

#define NON_MAIN
#include "apps.h"
#undef NON_MAIN

#ifdef _WIN32
static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to);
#define rename(from,to) WIN32_rename((from),(to))
#endif

typedef struct {
	const char *name;
	unsigned long flag;
	unsigned long mask;
} NAME_EX_TBL;

static UI_METHOD *ui_method = NULL;

static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
/* Looks like this stuff is worth moving into separate function */
static EVP_PKEY *
load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
		const char *key_descrip, int format);
#endif

int app_init(long mesgwin);
#ifdef undef /* never finished - probably never will be :-) */
int args_from_file(char *file, int *argc, char **argv[])
	{
	FILE *fp;
	int num,i;
	unsigned int len;
	static char *buf=NULL;
	static char **arg=NULL;
	char *p;

	fp=fopen(file,"r");
	if (fp == NULL)
		return(0);

	if (fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END)==0)
		len=ftell(fp), rewind(fp);
	else	len=-1;
	if (len<=0)
		{
		fclose(fp);
		return(0);
		}

	*argc=0;
	*argv=NULL;

	if (buf != NULL) OPENSSL_free(buf);
	buf=(char *)OPENSSL_malloc(len+1);
	if (buf == NULL) return(0);

	len=fread(buf,1,len,fp);
	if (len <= 1) return(0);
	buf[len]='\0';

	i=0;
	for (p=buf; *p; p++)
		if (*p == '\n') i++;
	if (arg != NULL) OPENSSL_free(arg);
	arg=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*(i*2));

	*argv=arg;
	num=0;
	p=buf;
	for (;;)
		{
		if (!*p) break;
		if (*p == '#') /* comment line */
			{
			while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
			continue;
			}
		/* else we have a line */
		*(arg++)=p;
		num++;
		while (*p && ((*p != ' ') && (*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
			p++;
		if (!*p) break;
		if (*p == '\n')
			{
			*(p++)='\0';
			continue;
			}
		/* else it is a tab or space */
		p++;
		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
			p++;
		if (!*p) break;
		if (*p == '\n')
			{
			p++;
			continue;
			}
		*(arg++)=p++;
		num++;
		while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
		if (!*p) break;
		/* else *p == '\n' */
		*(p++)='\0';
		}
	*argc=num;
	return(1);
	}
#endif

int str2fmt(char *s)
	{
	if (s == NULL)
		return FORMAT_UNDEF;
	if 	((*s == 'D') || (*s == 'd'))
		return(FORMAT_ASN1);
	else if ((*s == 'T') || (*s == 't'))
		return(FORMAT_TEXT);
  	else if ((*s == 'N') || (*s == 'n'))
  		return(FORMAT_NETSCAPE);
  	else if ((*s == 'S') || (*s == 's'))
  		return(FORMAT_SMIME);
 	else if ((*s == 'M') || (*s == 'm'))
 		return(FORMAT_MSBLOB);
	else if ((*s == '1')
		|| (strcmp(s,"PKCS12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"pkcs12") == 0)
		|| (strcmp(s,"P12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"p12") == 0))
		return(FORMAT_PKCS12);
	else if ((*s == 'E') || (*s == 'e'))
		return(FORMAT_ENGINE);
	else if ((*s == 'H') || (*s == 'h'))
		return FORMAT_HTTP;
	else if ((*s == 'P') || (*s == 'p'))
 		{
 		if (s[1] == 'V' || s[1] == 'v')
 			return FORMAT_PVK;
 		else
  			return(FORMAT_PEM);
 		}
	else
		return(FORMAT_UNDEF);
	}

#if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN32) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN16) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
	{
	int i,n;
	char *p=NULL;

	n=strlen(in);
	/* find the last '/', '\' or ':' */
	for (i=n-1; i>0; i--)
		{
		if ((in[i] == '/') || (in[i] == '\\') || (in[i] == ':'))
			{
			p= &(in[i+1]);
			break;
			}
		}
	if (p == NULL)
		p=in;
	n=strlen(p);

#if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
   /* strip off trailing .nlm if present. */
   if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
      ((p[n-3] == 'n') || (p[n-3] == 'N')) &&
      ((p[n-2] == 'l') || (p[n-2] == 'L')) &&
      ((p[n-1] == 'm') || (p[n-1] == 'M')))
      n-=4;
#else
	/* strip off trailing .exe if present. */
	if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
		((p[n-3] == 'e') || (p[n-3] == 'E')) &&
		((p[n-2] == 'x') || (p[n-2] == 'X')) &&
		((p[n-1] == 'e') || (p[n-1] == 'E')))
		n-=4;
#endif

	if (n > size-1)
		n=size-1;

	for (i=0; i<n; i++)
		{
		if ((p[i] >= 'A') && (p[i] <= 'Z'))
			out[i]=p[i]-'A'+'a';
		else
			out[i]=p[i];
		}
	out[n]='\0';
	}
#else
#ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
	{
	char *p=in, *q;
	char *chars=":]>";

	while(*chars != '\0')
		{
		q=strrchr(p,*chars);
		if (q > p)
			p = q + 1;
		chars++;
		}

	q=strrchr(p,'.');
	if (q == NULL)
		q = p + strlen(p);
	strncpy(out,p,size-1);
	if (q-p >= size)
		{
		out[size-1]='\0';
		}
	else
		{
		out[q-p]='\0';
		}
	}
#else
void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
	{
	char *p;

	p=strrchr(in,'/');
	if (p != NULL)
		p++;
	else
		p=in;
	BUF_strlcpy(out,p,size);
	}
#endif
#endif

int chopup_args(ARGS *arg, char *buf, int *argc, char **argv[])
	{
	int num,i;
	char *p;

	*argc=0;
	*argv=NULL;

	i=0;
	if (arg->count == 0)
		{
		arg->count=20;
		arg->data=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*arg->count);
		}
	for (i=0; i<arg->count; i++)
		arg->data[i]=NULL;

	num=0;
	p=buf;
	for (;;)
		{
		/* first scan over white space */
		if (!*p) break;
		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
			p++;
		if (!*p) break;

		/* The start of something good :-) */
		if (num >= arg->count)
			{
			char **tmp_p;
			int tlen = arg->count + 20;
			tmp_p = (char **)OPENSSL_realloc(arg->data,
				sizeof(char *)*tlen);
			if (tmp_p == NULL)
				return 0;
			arg->data  = tmp_p;
			arg->count = tlen;
			/* initialize newly allocated data */
			for (i = num; i < arg->count; i++)
				arg->data[i] = NULL;
			}
		arg->data[num++]=p;

		/* now look for the end of this */
		if ((*p == '\'') || (*p == '\"')) /* scan for closing quote */
			{
			i= *(p++);
			arg->data[num-1]++; /* jump over quote */
			while (*p && (*p != i))
				p++;
			*p='\0';
			}
		else
			{
			while (*p && ((*p != ' ') &&
				(*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
				p++;

			if (*p == '\0')
				p--;
			else
				*p='\0';
			}
		p++;
		}
	*argc=num;
	*argv=arg->data;
	return(1);
	}

#ifndef APP_INIT
int app_init(long mesgwin)
	{
	return(1);
	}
#endif


int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x)
{
	char *p;

	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),NULL,0);
	BIO_puts(out,"subject=");
	BIO_puts(out,p);
	OPENSSL_free(p);

	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x),NULL,0);
	BIO_puts(out,"\nissuer=");
	BIO_puts(out,p);
	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
	OPENSSL_free(p);

	return 0;
}

static int ui_open(UI *ui)
	{
	return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
	}
static int ui_read(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
	{
	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
		{
		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
			{
		case UIT_PROMPT:
		case UIT_VERIFY:
			{
			const char *password =
				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
				{
				UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
				return 1;
				}
			}
		default:
			break;
			}
		}
	return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
	}
static int ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
	{
	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
		{
		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
			{
		case UIT_PROMPT:
		case UIT_VERIFY:
			{
			const char *password =
				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
				return 1;
			}
		default:
			break;
			}
		}
	return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
	}
static int ui_close(UI *ui)
	{
	return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
	}
int setup_ui_method(void)
	{
	ui_method = UI_create_method("OpenSSL application user interface");
	UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
	UI_method_set_reader(ui_method, ui_read);
	UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
	UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);
	return 0;
	}
void destroy_ui_method(void)
	{
	if(ui_method)
		{
		UI_destroy_method(ui_method);
		ui_method = NULL;
		}
	}
int password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify,
	PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp)
	{
	UI *ui = NULL;
	int res = 0;
	const char *prompt_info = NULL;
	const char *password = NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *)cb_tmp;

	if (cb_data)
		{
		if (cb_data->password)
			password = cb_data->password;
		if (cb_data->prompt_info)
			prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
		}

	if (password)
		{
		res = strlen(password);
		if (res > bufsiz)
			res = bufsiz;
		memcpy(buf, password, res);
		return res;
		}

	ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
	if (ui)
		{
		int ok = 0;
		char *buff = NULL;
		int ui_flags = 0;
		char *prompt = NULL;

		prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase",
			prompt_info);

		ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
		UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);

		if (ok >= 0)
			ok = UI_add_input_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buf,
				PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1);
		if (ok >= 0 && verify)
			{
			buff = (char *)OPENSSL_malloc(bufsiz);
			ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buff,
				PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1, buf);
			}
		if (ok >= 0)
			do
				{
				ok = UI_process(ui);
				}
			while (ok < 0 && UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));

		if (buff)
			{
			OPENSSL_cleanse(buff,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
			OPENSSL_free(buff);
			}

		if (ok >= 0)
			res = strlen(buf);
		if (ok == -1)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
			res = 0;
			}
		if (ok == -2)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"aborted!\n");
			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
			res = 0;
			}
		UI_free(ui);
		OPENSSL_free(prompt);
		}
	return res;
	}

static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio);

int app_passwd(BIO *err, char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
{
	int same;
	if(!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2)) same = 0;
	else same = 1;
	if(arg1) {
		*pass1 = app_get_pass(err, arg1, same);
		if(!*pass1) return 0;
	} else if(pass1) *pass1 = NULL;
	if(arg2) {
		*pass2 = app_get_pass(err, arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
		if(!*pass2) return 0;
	} else if(pass2) *pass2 = NULL;
	return 1;
}

static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio)
{
	char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
	static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
	int i;
	if(!strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5)) return BUF_strdup(arg + 5);
	if(!strncmp(arg, "env:", 4)) {
		tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
		if(!tmp) {
			BIO_printf(err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n", arg + 4);
			return NULL;
		}
		return BUF_strdup(tmp);
	}
	if(!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
		if(!strncmp(arg, "file:", 5)) {
			pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
			if(!pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open file %s\n", arg + 5);
				return NULL;
			}
#if !defined(_WIN32)
		/*
		 * Under _WIN32, which covers even Win64 and CE, file
		 * descriptors referenced by BIO_s_fd are not inherited
		 * by child process and therefore below is not an option.
		 * It could have been an option if bss_fd.c was operating
		 * on real Windows descriptors, such as those obtained
		 * with CreateFile.
		 */
		} else if(!strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3)) {
			BIO *btmp;
			i = atoi(arg + 3);
			if(i >= 0) pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
			if((i < 0) || !pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Can't access file descriptor %s\n", arg + 3);
				return NULL;
			}
			/* Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering BIO */
			btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
			pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
#endif
		} else if(!strcmp(arg, "stdin")) {
			pwdbio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
			if(!pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
				return NULL;
			}
		} else {
			BIO_printf(err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n", arg);
			return NULL;
		}
	}
	i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
	if(keepbio != 1) {
		BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
		pwdbio = NULL;
	}
	if(i <= 0) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
	if(tmp) *tmp = 0;
	return BUF_strdup(tpass);
}

int add_oid_section(BIO *err, CONF *conf)
{	
	char *p;
	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
	CONF_VALUE *cnf;
	int i;
	if(!(p=NCONF_get_string(conf,NULL,"oid_section")))
		{
		ERR_clear_error();
		return 1;
		}
	if(!(sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p))) {
		BIO_printf(err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
		return 0;
	}
	for(i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
		cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
		if(OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
			BIO_printf(err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
							 cnf->name, cnf->value);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

static int load_pkcs12(BIO *err, BIO *in, const char *desc,
		pem_password_cb *pem_cb,  void *cb_data,
		EVP_PKEY **pkey, X509 **cert, STACK_OF(X509) **ca)
	{
 	const char *pass;
	char tpass[PEM_BUFSIZE];
	int len, ret = 0;
	PKCS12 *p12;
	p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(in, NULL);
	if (p12 == NULL)
		{
		BIO_printf(err, "Error loading PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);	
		goto die;
		}
	/* See if an empty password will do */
	if (PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, "", 0) || PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, NULL, 0))
		pass = "";
	else
		{
		if (!pem_cb)
			pem_cb = (pem_password_cb *)password_callback;
		len = pem_cb(tpass, PEM_BUFSIZE, 0, cb_data);
		if (len < 0) 
			{
			BIO_printf(err, "Passpharse callback error for %s\n",
					desc);
			goto die;
			}
		if (len < PEM_BUFSIZE)
			tpass[len] = 0;
		if (!PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, tpass, len))
			{
			BIO_printf(err,
	"Mac verify error (wrong password?) in PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);	
			goto die;
			}
		pass = tpass;
		}
	ret = PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, pkey, cert, ca);
	die:
	if (p12)
		PKCS12_free(p12);
	return ret;
	}

int load_cert_crl_http(const char *url, BIO *err,
					X509 **pcert, X509_CRL **pcrl)
	{
	char *host = NULL, *port = NULL, *path = NULL;
	BIO *bio = NULL;
	OCSP_REQ_CTX *rctx = NULL;
	int use_ssl, rv = 0;
	if (!OCSP_parse_url(url, &host, &port, &path, &use_ssl))
		goto err;
	if (use_ssl)
		{
		if (err)
			BIO_puts(err, "https not supported\n");
		goto err;
		}
	bio = BIO_new_connect(host);
	if (!bio || !BIO_set_conn_port(bio, port))
		goto err;
	rctx = OCSP_REQ_CTX_new(bio, 1024);
	if (!rctx)
		goto err;
	if (!OCSP_REQ_CTX_http(rctx, "GET", path))
		goto err;
	if (!OCSP_REQ_CTX_add1_header(rctx, "Host", host))
		goto err;
	if (pcert)
		{
		do
			{
			rv = X509_http_nbio(rctx, pcert);
			}
		while (rv == -1);
		}
	else
		{
		do
			{
			rv = X509_CRL_http_nbio(rctx, pcrl);
			} while (rv == -1);
		}

	err:
	if (host)
		OPENSSL_free(host);
	if (path)
		OPENSSL_free(path);
	if (port)
		OPENSSL_free(port);
	if (bio)
		BIO_free_all(bio);
	if (rctx)
		OCSP_REQ_CTX_free(rctx);
	if (rv != 1)
		{
		if (bio && err)
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading %s from %s\n",
					pcert ? "certificate" : "CRL", url);
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		}
	return rv;
	}

X509 *load_cert(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
	{
	X509 *x=NULL;
	BIO *cert;

	if (format == FORMAT_HTTP)
		{
		load_cert_crl_http(file, err, &x, NULL);
		return x;
		}

	if ((cert=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
		}

	if (file == NULL)
		{
#ifdef _IONBF
# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
#endif
		BIO_set_fp(cert,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
		}
	else
		{
		if (BIO_read_filename(cert,file) <= 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
				cert_descrip, file);
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			goto end;
			}
		}

	if 	(format == FORMAT_ASN1)
		x=d2i_X509_bio(cert,NULL);
	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE)
		{
		NETSCAPE_X509 *nx;
		nx=ASN1_item_d2i_bio(ASN1_ITEM_rptr(NETSCAPE_X509),cert,NULL);
		if (nx == NULL)
				goto end;

		if ((strncmp(NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR,(char *)nx->header->data,
			nx->header->length) != 0))
			{
			NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
			BIO_printf(err,"Error reading header on certificate\n");
			goto end;
			}
		x=nx->cert;
		nx->cert = NULL;
		NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
		}
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
		x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert,NULL,
			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, NULL);
	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
		{
		if (!load_pkcs12(err, cert,cert_descrip, NULL, NULL,
					NULL, &x, NULL))
			goto end;
		}
	else	{
		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n",
			cert_descrip);
		goto end;
		}
end:
	if (x == NULL)
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load certificate\n");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		}
	if (cert != NULL) BIO_free(cert);
	return(x);
	}

EVP_PKEY *load_key(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
	{
	BIO *key=NULL;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
		goto end;
		}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
		{
		if (!e)
			BIO_printf(err,"no engine specified\n");
		else
			{
			pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, file,
				ui_method, &cb_data);
			if (!pkey) 
				{
				BIO_printf(err,"cannot load %s from engine\n",key_descrip);
				ERR_print_errors(err);
				}	
			}
		goto end;
		}
#endif
	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (key == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
		}
	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
		{
#ifdef _IONBF
# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
#endif
		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
		}
	else
		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
				key_descrip, file);
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			goto end;
			}
	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
		{
		pkey=d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
		}
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
		{
		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key,NULL,
			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
		}
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
#endif
	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
		{
		if (!load_pkcs12(err, key, key_descrip,
				(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data,
				&pkey, NULL, NULL))
			goto end;
		}
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA) && !defined (OPENSSL_NO_RC4)
	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
		pkey = b2i_PrivateKey_bio(key);
	else if (format == FORMAT_PVK)
		pkey = b2i_PVK_bio(key, (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
								&cb_data);
#endif
	else
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
		goto end;
		}
 end:
	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
	if (pkey == NULL) 
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		}	
	return(pkey);
	}

EVP_PKEY *load_pubkey(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
	{
	BIO *key=NULL;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
		goto end;
		}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
		{
		if (!e)
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"no engine specified\n");
		else
			pkey = ENGINE_load_public_key(e, file,
				ui_method, &cb_data);
		goto end;
		}
#endif
	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (key == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
		}
	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
		{
#ifdef _IONBF
# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
# endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
#endif
		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
		}
	else
		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
				key_descrip, file);
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			goto end;
		}
	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
		{
		pkey=d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
		}
#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
	else if (format == FORMAT_ASN1RSA)
		{
		RSA *rsa;
		rsa = d2i_RSAPublicKey_bio(key, NULL);
		if (rsa)
			{
			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
			if (pkey)
				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
			RSA_free(rsa);
			}
		else
			pkey = NULL;
		}
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEMRSA)
		{
		RSA *rsa;
		rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPublicKey(key, NULL, 
			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
		if (rsa)
			{
			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
			if (pkey)
				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
			RSA_free(rsa);
			}
		else
			pkey = NULL;
		}
#endif
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
		{
		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key,NULL,
			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
		}
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
#endif
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA)
	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
		pkey = b2i_PublicKey_bio(key);
#endif
	else
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
		goto end;
		}
 end:
	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
	if (pkey == NULL)
		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
	return(pkey);
	}

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
static EVP_PKEY *
load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
		const char *key_descrip, int format)
	{
	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
	BUF_MEM *buf;
	RSA	*rsa;
	const unsigned char *p;
	int size, i;

	buf=BUF_MEM_new();
	pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
	size = 0;
	if (buf == NULL || pkey == NULL)
		goto error;
	for (;;)
		{
		if (!BUF_MEM_grow_clean(buf,size+1024*10))
			goto error;
		i = BIO_read(key, &(buf->data[size]), 1024*10);
		size += i;
		if (i == 0)
			break;
		if (i < 0)
			{
				BIO_printf(err, "Error reading %s %s",
					key_descrip, file);
				goto error;
			}
		}
	p=(unsigned char *)buf->data;
	rsa = d2i_RSA_NET(NULL,&p,(long)size,NULL,
		(format == FORMAT_IISSGC ? 1 : 0));
	if (rsa == NULL)
		goto error;
	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
	EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
	return pkey;
error:
	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
	return NULL;
	}
#endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_RC4 */

static int load_certs_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc,
	STACK_OF(X509) **pcerts, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **pcrls)
	{
	int i;
	BIO *bio;
	STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *xis = NULL;
	X509_INFO *xi;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
	int rv = 0;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (format != FORMAT_PEM)
		{
		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n", desc);
		return 0;
		}

	if (file == NULL)
		bio = BIO_new_fp(stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
	else
		bio = BIO_new_file(file, "r");

	if (bio == NULL)
		{
		BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
				desc, file ? file : "stdin");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		return 0;
		}

	xis = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL,
				(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);

	BIO_free(bio);

	if (pcerts)
		{
		*pcerts = sk_X509_new_null();
		if (!*pcerts)
			goto end;
		}

	if (pcrls)
		{
		*pcrls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
		if (!*pcrls)
			goto end;
		}

	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(xis); i++)
		{
		xi = sk_X509_INFO_value (xis, i);
		if (xi->x509 && pcerts)
			{
			if (!sk_X509_push(*pcerts, xi->x509))
				goto end;
			xi->x509 = NULL;
			}
		if (xi->crl && pcrls)
			{
			if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*pcrls, xi->crl))
				goto end;
			xi->crl = NULL;
			}
		}

	if (pcerts && sk_X509_num(*pcerts) > 0)
		rv = 1;

	if (pcrls && sk_X509_CRL_num(*pcrls) > 0)
		rv = 1;

	end:

	if (xis)
		sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(xis, X509_INFO_free);

	if (rv == 0)
		{
		if (pcerts)
			{
			sk_X509_pop_free(*pcerts, X509_free);
			*pcerts = NULL;
			}
		if (pcrls)
			{
			sk_X509_CRL_pop_free(*pcrls, X509_CRL_free);
			*pcrls = NULL;
			}
		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n",
				pcerts ? "certificates" : "CRLs");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		}
	return rv;
	}

STACK_OF(X509) *load_certs(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
	{
	STACK_OF(X509) *certs;
	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, &certs, NULL))
		return NULL;
	return certs;
	}	

STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *load_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
	{
	STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls;
	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, NULL, &crls))
		return NULL;
	return crls;
	}	

#define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK		(0xfL << 16)
/* Return error for unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT		0
/* Print error for unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN	(1L << 16)
/* ASN1 parse unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN	(2L << 16)
/* BIO_dump unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN		(3L << 16)

#define X509_FLAG_CA (X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER | X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY | \
			 X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)

int set_cert_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
{
	static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
		{ "compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
		{ "ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
		{ "no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
		{ "no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
		{ "no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
		{ "no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
		{ "no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
		{ "no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
		{ "no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
		{ "no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
		{ "no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
		{ "no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
		{ "no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
		{ "no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
		{ "ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{ "ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{ "ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{ "ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{ NULL, 0, 0}
	};
	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
}

int set_name_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
{
	static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
		{ "esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
		{ "esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
		{ "esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
		{ "use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
		{ "utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
		{ "ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
		{ "show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
		{ "dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
		{ "dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
		{ "dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
		{ "compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
		{ "sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{ "sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{ "sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{ "sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{ "dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
		{ "nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{ "sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{ "lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{ "align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
		{ "oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{ "space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
		{ "dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
		{ "RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
		{ "oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{ "multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{ "ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{ NULL, 0, 0}
	};
	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl);
}

int set_ext_copy(int *copy_type, const char *arg)
{
	if (!strcasecmp(arg, "none"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copy"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copyall"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
	else
		return 0;
	return 1;
}

int copy_extensions(X509 *x, X509_REQ *req, int copy_type)
{
	STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
	X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
	ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
	int i, idx, ret = 0;
	if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
		return 1;
	exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);

	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
		ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
		obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
		idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
		/* Does extension exist? */
		if (idx != -1) {
			/* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
			if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
				continue;
			/* Delete all extensions of same type */
			do {
				tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
				X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
				X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
				idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
			} while (idx != -1);
		}
		if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
			goto end;
	}

	ret = 1;

	end:

	sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);

	return ret;
}
		
		
			

static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
{
	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
	CONF_VALUE *val;
	int i, ret = 1;
	if(!arg) return 0;
	vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
	for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
		val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
		if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
			ret = 0;
	}
	sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
	return ret;
}

static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
{
	char c;
	const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;
	c = arg[0];

	if(c == '-') {
		c = 0;
		arg++;
	} else if (c == '+') {
		c = 1;
		arg++;
	} else c = 1;

	for(ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
		if(!strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name)) {
			*flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
			if(c) *flags |= ptbl->flag;
			else *flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

void print_name(BIO *out, const char *title, X509_NAME *nm, unsigned long lflags)
{
	char *buf;
	char mline = 0;
	int indent = 0;

	if(title) BIO_puts(out, title);
	if((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
		mline = 1;
		indent = 4;
	}
	if(lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
		buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
		BIO_puts(out, buf);
		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
		OPENSSL_free(buf);
	} else {
		if(mline) BIO_puts(out, "\n");
		X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
	}
}

X509_STORE *setup_verify(BIO *bp, char *CAfile, char *CApath)
{
	X509_STORE *store;
	X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
	if(!(store = X509_STORE_new())) goto end;
	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_file());
	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
	if (CAfile) {
		if(!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,CAfile,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
			goto end;
		}
	} else X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
		
	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
	if (CApath) {
		if(!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,CApath,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
			goto end;
		}
	} else X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);

	ERR_clear_error();
	return store;
	end:
	X509_STORE_free(store);
	return NULL;
}

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
/* Try to load an engine in a shareable library */
static ENGINE *try_load_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
	{
	ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id("dynamic");
	if (e)
		{
		if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "SO_PATH", engine, 0)
			|| !ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "LOAD", NULL, 0))
			{
			ENGINE_free(e);
			e = NULL;
			}
		}
	return e;
	}

ENGINE *setup_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
        {
        ENGINE *e = NULL;

        if (engine)
                {
		if(strcmp(engine, "auto") == 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(err,"enabling auto ENGINE support\n");
			ENGINE_register_all_complete();
			return NULL;
			}
		if((e = ENGINE_by_id(engine)) == NULL
			&& (e = try_load_engine(err, engine, debug)) == NULL)
			{
			BIO_printf(err,"invalid engine \"%s\"\n", engine);
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			return NULL;
			}
		if (debug)
			{
			ENGINE_ctrl(e, ENGINE_CTRL_SET_LOGSTREAM,
				0, err, 0);
			}
                ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "SET_USER_INTERFACE", 0, ui_method, 0, 1);
		if(!ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL))
			{
			BIO_printf(err,"can't use that engine\n");
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			ENGINE_free(e);
			return NULL;
			}

		BIO_printf(err,"engine \"%s\" set.\n", ENGINE_get_id(e));

		/* Free our "structural" reference. */
		ENGINE_free(e);
		}
        return e;
        }
#endif

int load_config(BIO *err, CONF *cnf)
	{
	static int load_config_called = 0;
	if (load_config_called)
		return 1;
	load_config_called = 1;
	if (!cnf)
		cnf = config;
	if (!cnf)
		return 1;

	OPENSSL_load_builtin_modules();

	if (CONF_modules_load(cnf, NULL, 0) <= 0)
		{
		BIO_printf(err, "Error configuring OpenSSL\n");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		return 0;
		}
	return 1;
	}

char *make_config_name()
	{
	const char *t=X509_get_default_cert_area();
	size_t len;
	char *p;

	len=strlen(t)+strlen(OPENSSL_CONF)+2;
	p=OPENSSL_malloc(len);
	BUF_strlcpy(p,t,len);
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	BUF_strlcat(p,"/",len);
#endif
	BUF_strlcat(p,OPENSSL_CONF,len);

	return p;
	}

static unsigned long index_serial_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
	{
	const char *n;

	n=a[DB_serial];
	while (*n == '0') n++;
	return(lh_strhash(n));
	}

static int index_serial_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
	{
	const char *aa,*bb;

	for (aa=a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++);
	for (bb=b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++);
	return(strcmp(aa,bb));
	}

static int index_name_qual(char **a)
	{ return(a[0][0] == 'V'); }

static unsigned long index_name_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
	{ return(lh_strhash(a[DB_name])); }

int index_name_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
	{ return(strcmp(a[DB_name], b[DB_name])); }

static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)

#undef BSIZE
#define BSIZE 256

BIGNUM *load_serial(char *serialfile, int create, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
	{
	BIO *in=NULL;
	BIGNUM *ret=NULL;
	MS_STATIC char buf[1024];
	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;

	ai=ASN1_INTEGER_new();
	if (ai == NULL) goto err;

	if ((in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
		}

	if (BIO_read_filename(in,serialfile) <= 0)
		{
		if (!create)
			{
			perror(serialfile);
			goto err;
			}
		else
			{
			ret=BN_new();
			if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
				BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
			}
		}
	else
		{
		if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in,ai,buf,1024))
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to load number from %s\n",
				serialfile);
			goto err;
			}
		ret=ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai,NULL);
		if (ret == NULL)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
			goto err;
			}
		}

	if (ret && retai)
		{
		*retai = ai;
		ai = NULL;
		}
 err:
	if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
	return(ret);
	}

int save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
	{
	char buf[1][BSIZE];
	BIO *out = NULL;
	int ret=0;
	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
	int j;

	if (suffix == NULL)
		j = strlen(serialfile);
	else
		j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(suffix) + 1;
	if (j >= BSIZE)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
		goto err;
		}

	if (suffix == NULL)
		BUF_strlcpy(buf[0], serialfile, BSIZE);
	else
		{
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, suffix);
#else
		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, suffix);
#endif
		}
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
#endif
	out=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (out == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
		}
	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
		{
		perror(serialfile);
		goto err;
		}

	if ((ai=BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial,NULL)) == NULL)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
		goto err;
		}
	i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out,ai);
	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
	ret=1;
	if (retai)
		{
		*retai = ai;
		ai = NULL;
		}
err:
	if (out != NULL) BIO_free_all(out);
	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
	return(ret);
	}

int rotate_serial(char *serialfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
	{
	char buf[5][BSIZE];
	int i,j;

	i = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
	j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
	if (i > j) j = i;
	if (j + 1 >= BSIZE)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
		goto err;
		}

#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
		serialfile, new_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
		serialfile, new_suffix);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
		serialfile, old_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
		serialfile, old_suffix);
#endif
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		serialfile, buf[1]);
#endif
	if (rename(serialfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
#ifdef ENOTDIR
			&& errno != ENOTDIR
#endif
	   )		{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
				serialfile, buf[1]);
			perror("reason");
			goto err;
			}
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		buf[0],serialfile);
#endif
	if (rename(buf[0],serialfile) < 0)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			buf[0],serialfile);
		perror("reason");
		rename(buf[1],serialfile);
		goto err;
		}
	return 1;
 err:
	return 0;
	}

int rand_serial(BIGNUM *b, ASN1_INTEGER *ai)
	{
	BIGNUM *btmp;
	int ret = 0;
	if (b)
		btmp = b;
	else
		btmp = BN_new();

	if (!btmp)
		return 0;

	if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
		goto error;
	if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
		goto error;

	ret = 1;
	
	error:

	if (!b)
		BN_free(btmp);
	
	return ret;
	}

CA_DB *load_index(char *dbfile, DB_ATTR *db_attr)
	{
	CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
	TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
	BIO *in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
	char buf[1][BSIZE];
	long errorline= -1;

	if (in == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
		}
	if (BIO_read_filename(in,dbfile) <= 0)
		{
		perror(dbfile);
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n",dbfile);
		goto err;
		}
	if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in,DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
		goto err;

#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.attr", dbfile);
#else
	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-attr", dbfile);
#endif
	dbattr_conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
	if (NCONF_load(dbattr_conf,buf[0],&errorline) <= 0)
		{
		if (errorline > 0)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
				"error on line %ld of db attribute file '%s'\n"
				,errorline,buf[0]);
			goto err;
			}
		else
			{
			NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
			dbattr_conf = NULL;
			}
		}

	if ((retdb = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(CA_DB))) == NULL)
		{
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		goto err;
		}

	retdb->db = tmpdb;
	tmpdb = NULL;
	if (db_attr)
		retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
	else
		{
		retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
		}

	if (dbattr_conf)
		{
		char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf,NULL,"unique_subject");
		if (p)
			{
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG[load_index]: unique_subject = \"%s\"\n", p);
#endif
			retdb->attributes.unique_subject = parse_yesno(p,1);
			}
		}

 err:
	if (dbattr_conf) NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
	if (tmpdb) TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
	if (in) BIO_free_all(in);
	return retdb;
	}

int index_index(CA_DB *db)
	{
	if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
				LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial),
				LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial)))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
		  "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
		  			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
			return 0;
		}

	if (db->attributes.unique_subject
		&& !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
			LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name),
			LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name)))
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
		return 0;
		}
	return 1;
	}

int save_index(const char *dbfile, const char *suffix, CA_DB *db)
	{
	char buf[3][BSIZE];
	BIO *out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	int j;

	if (out == NULL)
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
		}

	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(suffix);
	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
		goto err;
		}

#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr", dbfile);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr", dbfile);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, suffix);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, suffix);
#endif
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
#endif
	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
		{
		perror(dbfile);
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
		goto err;
		}
	j=TXT_DB_write(out,db->db);
	if (j <= 0) goto err;
			
	BIO_free(out);

	out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[1]);
#endif
	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[1]) <= 0)
		{
		perror(buf[2]);
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", buf[2]);
		goto err;
		}
	BIO_printf(out,"unique_subject = %s\n",
		db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
	BIO_free(out);

	return 1;
 err:
	return 0;
	}

int rotate_index(const char *dbfile, const char *new_suffix, const char *old_suffix)
	{
	char buf[5][BSIZE];
	int i,j;

	i = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
	if (i > j) j = i;
	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
		goto err;
		}

#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s.attr", dbfile);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s-attr", dbfile);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr.%s",
		dbfile, new_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr-%s",
		dbfile, new_suffix);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
		dbfile, new_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
		dbfile, new_suffix);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
		dbfile, old_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
		dbfile, old_suffix);
#endif
#ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s.attr.%s",
		dbfile, old_suffix);
#else
	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s-attr-%s",
		dbfile, old_suffix);
#endif
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		dbfile, buf[1]);
#endif
	if (rename(dbfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
#ifdef ENOTDIR
		&& errno != ENOTDIR
#endif
	   )		{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
				dbfile, buf[1]);
			perror("reason");
			goto err;
			}
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		buf[0],dbfile);
#endif
	if (rename(buf[0],dbfile) < 0)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			buf[0],dbfile);
		perror("reason");
		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
		goto err;
		}
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		buf[4],buf[3]);
#endif
	if (rename(buf[4],buf[3]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
#ifdef ENOTDIR
		&& errno != ENOTDIR
#endif
	   )		{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
				buf[4], buf[3]);
			perror("reason");
			rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
			rename(buf[1],dbfile);
			goto err;
			}
#ifdef RL_DEBUG
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
		buf[2],buf[4]);
#endif
	if (rename(buf[2],buf[4]) < 0)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			buf[2],buf[4]);
		perror("reason");
		rename(buf[3],buf[4]);
		rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
		goto err;
		}
	return 1;
 err:
	return 0;
	}

void free_index(CA_DB *db)
	{
	if (db)
		{
		if (db->db) TXT_DB_free(db->db);
		OPENSSL_free(db);
		}
	}

int parse_yesno(const char *str, int def)
	{
	int ret = def;
	if (str)
		{
		switch (*str)
			{
		case 'f': /* false */
		case 'F': /* FALSE */
		case 'n': /* no */
		case 'N': /* NO */
		case '0': /* 0 */
			ret = 0;
			break;
		case 't': /* true */
		case 'T': /* TRUE */
		case 'y': /* yes */
		case 'Y': /* YES */
		case '1': /* 1 */
			ret = 1;
			break;
		default:
			ret = def;
			break;
			}
		}
	return ret;
	}

/*
 * subject is expected to be in the format /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...
 * where characters may be escaped by \
 */
X509_NAME *parse_name(char *subject, long chtype, int multirdn)
	{
	size_t buflen = strlen(subject)+1; /* to copy the types and values into. due to escaping, the copy can only become shorter */
	char *buf = OPENSSL_malloc(buflen);
	size_t max_ne = buflen / 2 + 1; /* maximum number of name elements */
	char **ne_types = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
	char **ne_values = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
	int *mval = OPENSSL_malloc (max_ne * sizeof (int));

	char *sp = subject, *bp = buf;
	int i, ne_num = 0;

	X509_NAME *n = NULL;
	int nid;

	if (!buf || !ne_types || !ne_values)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "malloc error\n");
		goto error;
		}	

	if (*subject != '/')
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject does not start with '/'.\n");
		goto error;
		}
	sp++; /* skip leading / */

	/* no multivalued RDN by default */
	mval[ne_num] = 0;

	while (*sp)
		{
		/* collect type */
		ne_types[ne_num] = bp;
		while (*sp)
			{
			if (*sp == '\\') /* is there anything to escape in the type...? */
				{
				if (*++sp)
					*bp++ = *sp++;
				else	
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
					goto error;
					}
				}	
			else if (*sp == '=')
				{
				sp++;
				*bp++ = '\0';
				break;
				}
			else
				*bp++ = *sp++;
			}
		if (!*sp)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "end of string encountered while processing type of subject name element #%d\n", ne_num);
			goto error;
			}
		ne_values[ne_num] = bp;
		while (*sp)
			{
			if (*sp == '\\')
				{
				if (*++sp)
					*bp++ = *sp++;
				else
					{
					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
					goto error;
					}
				}
			else if (*sp == '/')
				{
				sp++;
				/* no multivalued RDN by default */
				mval[ne_num+1] = 0;
				break;
				}
			else if (*sp == '+' && multirdn)
				{
				/* a not escaped + signals a mutlivalued RDN */
				sp++;
				mval[ne_num+1] = -1;
				break;
				}
			else
				*bp++ = *sp++;
			}
		*bp++ = '\0';
		ne_num++;
		}	

	if (!(n = X509_NAME_new()))
		goto error;

	for (i = 0; i < ne_num; i++)
		{
		if ((nid=OBJ_txt2nid(ne_types[i])) == NID_undef)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject Attribute %s has no known NID, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
			continue;
			}

		if (!*ne_values[i])
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "No value provided for Subject Attribute %s, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
			continue;
			}

		if (!X509_NAME_add_entry_by_NID(n, nid, chtype, (unsigned char*)ne_values[i], -1,-1,mval[i]))
			goto error;
		}

	OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
	OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
	OPENSSL_free(buf);
	return n;

error:
	X509_NAME_free(n);
	if (ne_values)
		OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
	if (ne_types)
		OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
	if (buf)
		OPENSSL_free(buf);
	return NULL;
}

int args_verify(char ***pargs, int *pargc,
			int *badarg, BIO *err, X509_VERIFY_PARAM **pm)
	{
	ASN1_OBJECT *otmp = NULL;
	unsigned long flags = 0;
	int i;
	int purpose = 0, depth = -1;
	char **oldargs = *pargs;
	char *arg = **pargs, *argn = (*pargs)[1];
	const X509_VERIFY_PARAM *vpm = NULL;
	time_t at_time = 0;
	if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy"))
		{
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else
			{
			otmp = OBJ_txt2obj(argn, 0);
			if (!otmp)
				{
				BIO_printf(err, "Invalid Policy \"%s\"\n",
									argn);
				*badarg = 1;
				}
			}
		(*pargs)++;
		}
	else if (strcmp(arg,"-purpose") == 0)
		{
		X509_PURPOSE *xptmp;
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else
			{
			i = X509_PURPOSE_get_by_sname(argn);
			if(i < 0)
				{
				BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized purpose\n");
				*badarg = 1;
				}
			else
				{
				xptmp = X509_PURPOSE_get0(i);
				purpose = X509_PURPOSE_get_id(xptmp);
				}
			}
		(*pargs)++;
		}
	else if (strcmp(arg,"-verify_name") == 0)
		{
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else
			{
			vpm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_lookup(argn);
			if(!vpm)
				{
				BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized verify name\n");
				*badarg = 1;
				}
			}
		(*pargs)++;
		}
	else if (strcmp(arg,"-verify_depth") == 0)
		{
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else
			{
			depth = atoi(argn);
			if(depth < 0)
				{
				BIO_printf(err, "invalid depth\n");
				*badarg = 1;
				}
			}
		(*pargs)++;
		}
	else if (strcmp(arg,"-attime") == 0)
		{
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else
			{
			long timestamp;
			/* interpret the -attime argument as seconds since
			 * Epoch */
			if (sscanf(argn, "%li", &timestamp) != 1)
				{
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
						"Error parsing timestamp %s\n",
					   	argn);
				*badarg = 1;
				}
			/* on some platforms time_t may be a float */
			at_time = (time_t) timestamp;
			}
		(*pargs)++;
		}
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-ignore_critical"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_IGNORE_CRITICAL;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-issuer_checks"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CB_ISSUER_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check"))
		flags |=  X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check_all"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK|X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK_ALL;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_check"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_POLICY_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-explicit_policy"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXPLICIT_POLICY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_any"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_ANY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_map"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_MAP;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-x509_strict"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_X509_STRICT;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-extended_crl"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXTENDED_CRL_SUPPORT;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-use_deltas"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_USE_DELTAS;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_print"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_NOTIFY_POLICY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-check_ss_sig"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CHECK_SS_SIGNATURE;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-trusted_first"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_TRUSTED_FIRST;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-suiteB_128_only"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_SUITEB_128_LOS_ONLY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-suiteB_128"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_SUITEB_128_LOS;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-suiteB_192"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_SUITEB_192_LOS;
	else
		return 0;

	if (*badarg)
		{
		if (*pm)
			X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(*pm);
		*pm = NULL;
		goto end;
		}

	if (!*pm && !(*pm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new()))
		{
		*badarg = 1;
		goto end;
		}

	if (vpm)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1(*pm, vpm);

	if (otmp)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy(*pm, otmp);
	if (flags)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(*pm, flags);

	if (purpose)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_purpose(*pm, purpose);

	if (depth >= 0)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_depth(*pm, depth);

	if (at_time) 
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_time(*pm, at_time);

	end:

	(*pargs)++;

	if (pargc)
		*pargc -= *pargs - oldargs;

	return 1;

	}

/* Read whole contents of a BIO into an allocated memory buffer and
 * return it.
 */

int bio_to_mem(unsigned char **out, int maxlen, BIO *in)
	{
	BIO *mem;
	int len, ret;
	unsigned char tbuf[1024];
	mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	if (!mem)
		return -1;
	for(;;)
		{
		if ((maxlen != -1) && maxlen < 1024)
			len = maxlen;
		else
			len = 1024;
		len = BIO_read(in, tbuf, len);
		if (len <= 0)
			break;
		if (BIO_write(mem, tbuf, len) != len)
			{
			BIO_free(mem);
			return -1;
			}
		maxlen -= len;

		if (maxlen == 0)
			break;
		}
	ret = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, (char **)out);
	BIO_set_flags(mem, BIO_FLAGS_MEM_RDONLY);
	BIO_free(mem);
	return ret;
	}

int pkey_ctrl_string(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, char *value)
	{
	int rv;
	char *stmp, *vtmp = NULL;
	stmp = BUF_strdup(value);
	if (!stmp)
		return -1;
	vtmp = strchr(stmp, ':');
	if (vtmp)
		{
		*vtmp = 0;
		vtmp++;
		}
	rv = EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, stmp, vtmp);
	OPENSSL_free(stmp);
	return rv;
	}

static void nodes_print(BIO *out, const char *name,
	STACK_OF(X509_POLICY_NODE) *nodes)
	{
	X509_POLICY_NODE *node;
	int i;
	BIO_printf(out, "%s Policies:", name);
	if (nodes)
		{
		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
		for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_num(nodes); i++)
			{
			node = sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_value(nodes, i);
			X509_POLICY_NODE_print(out, node, 2);
			}
		}
	else
		BIO_puts(out, " <empty>\n");
	}

void policies_print(BIO *out, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	X509_POLICY_TREE *tree;
	int explicit_policy;
	int free_out = 0;
	if (out == NULL)
		{
		out = BIO_new_fp(stderr, BIO_NOCLOSE);
		free_out = 1;
		}
	tree = X509_STORE_CTX_get0_policy_tree(ctx);
	explicit_policy = X509_STORE_CTX_get_explicit_policy(ctx);

	BIO_printf(out, "Require explicit Policy: %s\n",
				explicit_policy ? "True" : "False");

	nodes_print(out, "Authority", X509_policy_tree_get0_policies(tree));
	nodes_print(out, "User", X509_policy_tree_get0_user_policies(tree));
	if (free_out)
		BIO_free(out);
	}

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_PSK)

static JPAKE_CTX *jpake_init(const char *us, const char *them,
							 const char *secret)
	{
	BIGNUM *p = NULL;
	BIGNUM *g = NULL;
	BIGNUM *q = NULL;
	BIGNUM *bnsecret = BN_new();
	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;

	/* Use a safe prime for p (that we found earlier) */
	BN_hex2bn(&p, "F9E5B365665EA7A05A9C534502780FEE6F1AB5BD4F49947FD036DBD7E905269AF46EF28B0FC07487EE4F5D20FB3C0AF8E700F3A2FA3414970CBED44FEDFF80CE78D800F184BB82435D137AADA2C6C16523247930A63B85661D1FC817A51ACD96168E95898A1F83A79FFB529368AA7833ABD1B0C3AEDDB14D2E1A2F71D99F763F");
	g = BN_new();
	BN_set_word(g, 2);
	q = BN_new();
	BN_rshift1(q, p);

	BN_bin2bn((const unsigned char *)secret, strlen(secret), bnsecret);

	ctx = JPAKE_CTX_new(us, them, p, g, q, bnsecret);
	BN_free(bnsecret);
	BN_free(q);
	BN_free(g);
	BN_free(p);

	return ctx;
	}

static void jpake_send_part(BIO *conn, const JPAKE_STEP_PART *p)
	{
	BN_print(conn, p->gx);
	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
	BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.gr);
	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
	BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.b);
	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
	}

static void jpake_send_step1(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP1 s1;

	JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
	JPAKE_STEP1_generate(&s1, ctx);
	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p1);
	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p2);
	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
	JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
	}

static void jpake_send_step2(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP2 s2;

	JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
	JPAKE_STEP2_generate(&s2, ctx);
	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s2);
	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
	JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
	}

static void jpake_send_step3a(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;

	JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
	JPAKE_STEP3A_generate(&s3a, ctx);
	BIO_write(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
	JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
	}

static void jpake_send_step3b(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;

	JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
	JPAKE_STEP3B_generate(&s3b, ctx);
	BIO_write(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
	JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
	}

static void readbn(BIGNUM **bn, BIO *bconn)
	{
	char buf[10240];
	int l;

	l = BIO_gets(bconn, buf, sizeof buf);
	assert(l > 0);
	assert(buf[l-1] == '\n');
	buf[l-1] = '\0';
	BN_hex2bn(bn, buf);
	}

static void jpake_receive_part(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, BIO *bconn)
	{
	readbn(&p->gx, bconn);
	readbn(&p->zkpx.gr, bconn);
	readbn(&p->zkpx.b, bconn);
	}

static void jpake_receive_step1(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP1 s1;

	JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
	jpake_receive_part(&s1.p1, bconn);
	jpake_receive_part(&s1.p2, bconn);
	if(!JPAKE_STEP1_process(ctx, &s1))
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		exit(1);
		}
	JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
	}

static void jpake_receive_step2(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP2 s2;

	JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
	jpake_receive_part(&s2, bconn);
	if(!JPAKE_STEP2_process(ctx, &s2))
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		exit(1);
		}
	JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
	}

static void jpake_receive_step3a(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
	int l;

	JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
	l = BIO_read(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
	assert(l == sizeof s3a.hhk);
	if(!JPAKE_STEP3A_process(ctx, &s3a))
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		exit(1);
		}
	JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
	}

static void jpake_receive_step3b(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
	{
	JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
	int l;

	JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
	l = BIO_read(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
	assert(l == sizeof s3b.hk);
	if(!JPAKE_STEP3B_process(ctx, &s3b))
		{
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		exit(1);
		}
	JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
	}

void jpake_client_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
	{
	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
	BIO *bconn;

	BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");

	ctx = jpake_init("client", "server", secret);

	bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
	BIO_push(bconn, conn);

	jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
	jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
	jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
	jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
	jpake_send_step3a(bconn, ctx);
	jpake_receive_step3b(ctx, bconn);

	BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");

	psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));

	BIO_pop(bconn);
	BIO_free(bconn);

	JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
	}

void jpake_server_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
	{
	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
	BIO *bconn;

	BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");

	ctx = jpake_init("server", "client", secret);

	bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
	BIO_push(bconn, conn);

	jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
	jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
	jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
	jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
	jpake_receive_step3a(ctx, bconn);
	jpake_send_step3b(bconn, ctx);

	BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");

	psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));

	BIO_pop(bconn);
	BIO_free(bconn);

	JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
	}

#endif

#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG)
/* next_protos_parse parses a comma separated list of strings into a string
 * in a format suitable for passing to SSL_CTX_set_next_protos_advertised.
 *   outlen: (output) set to the length of the resulting buffer on success.
 *   err: (maybe NULL) on failure, an error message line is written to this BIO.
 *   in: a NUL termianted string like "abc,def,ghi"
 *
 *   returns: a malloced buffer or NULL on failure.
 */
unsigned char *next_protos_parse(unsigned short *outlen, const char *in)
	{
	size_t len;
	unsigned char *out;
	size_t i, start = 0;

	len = strlen(in);
	if (len >= 65535)
		return NULL;

	out = OPENSSL_malloc(strlen(in) + 1);
	if (!out)
		return NULL;

	for (i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
		{
		if (i == len || in[i] == ',')
			{
			if (i - start > 255)
				{
				OPENSSL_free(out);
				return NULL;
				}
			out[start] = i - start;
			start = i + 1;
			}
		else
			out[i+1] = in[i];
		}

	*outlen = len + 1;
	return out;
	}
#endif  /* !OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT && !OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG */

void print_cert_checks(BIO *bio, X509 *x,
				const unsigned char *checkhost,
				const unsigned char *checkemail,
				const char *checkip)
	{
	if (x == NULL)
		return;
	if (checkhost)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio, "Hostname %s does%s match certificate\n",
				checkhost, X509_check_host(x, checkhost, 0, 0)
						? "" : " NOT");
		}

	if (checkemail)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio, "Email %s does%s match certificate\n",
				checkemail, X509_check_email(x, checkemail, 0,
						0) ? "" : " NOT");
		}

	if (checkip)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio, "IP %s does%s match certificate\n",
				checkip, X509_check_ip_asc(x, checkip,
						0) ? "" : " NOT");
		}
	}

/*
 * Platform-specific sections
 */
#if defined(_WIN32)
# ifdef fileno
#  undef fileno
#  define fileno(a) (int)_fileno(a)
# endif

# include <windows.h>
# include <tchar.h>

static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to)
	{
	TCHAR  *tfrom=NULL,*tto;
	DWORD	err;
	int	ret=0;

	if (sizeof(TCHAR) == 1)
		{
		tfrom = (TCHAR *)from;
		tto   = (TCHAR *)to;
		}
	else	/* UNICODE path */
		{
		size_t i,flen=strlen(from)+1,tlen=strlen(to)+1;
		tfrom = (TCHAR *)malloc(sizeof(TCHAR)*(flen+tlen));
		if (tfrom==NULL) goto err;
		tto=tfrom+flen;
#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
		if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,from,flen,(WCHAR *)tfrom,flen))
#endif
			for (i=0;i<flen;i++)	tfrom[i]=(TCHAR)from[i];
#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
		if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,to,  tlen,(WCHAR *)tto,  tlen))
#endif
			for (i=0;i<tlen;i++)	tto[i]  =(TCHAR)to[i];
		}

	if (MoveFile(tfrom,tto))	goto ok;
	err=GetLastError();
	if (err==ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS || err==ERROR_FILE_EXISTS)
		{
		if (DeleteFile(tto) && MoveFile(tfrom,tto))
			goto ok;
		err=GetLastError();
		}
	if (err==ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND || err==ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)
		errno = ENOENT;
	else if (err==ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
		errno = EACCES;
	else
		errno = EINVAL;	/* we could map more codes... */
err:
	ret=-1;
ok:
	if (tfrom!=NULL && tfrom!=(TCHAR *)from)	free(tfrom);
	return ret;
	}
#endif

/* app_tminterval section */
#if defined(_WIN32)
double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	FILETIME		now;
	double			ret=0;
	static ULARGE_INTEGER	tmstart;
	static int		warning=1;
#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
	static HANDLE		proc=NULL;

	if (proc==NULL)
		{
		if (GetVersion() < 0x80000000)
			proc = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,FALSE,
						GetCurrentProcessId());
		if (proc==NULL) proc = (HANDLE)-1;
		}

	if (usertime && proc!=(HANDLE)-1)
		{
		FILETIME junk;
		GetProcessTimes(proc,&junk,&junk,&junk,&now);
		}
	else
#endif
		{
		SYSTEMTIME systime;

		if (usertime && warning)
			{
			BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
					   "this program on idle system.\n");
			warning=0;
			}
		GetSystemTime(&systime);
		SystemTimeToFileTime(&systime,&now);
		}

	if (stop==TM_START)
		{
		tmstart.u.LowPart  = now.dwLowDateTime;
		tmstart.u.HighPart = now.dwHighDateTime;
		}
	else	{
		ULARGE_INTEGER tmstop;

		tmstop.u.LowPart   = now.dwLowDateTime;
		tmstop.u.HighPart  = now.dwHighDateTime;

		ret = (__int64)(tmstop.QuadPart - tmstart.QuadPart)*1e-7;
		}

	return (ret);
	}

#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
#include <time.h>

double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	double		ret=0;
	static clock_t	tmstart;
	static int	warning=1;

	if (usertime && warning)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
				   "this program on idle system.\n");
		warning=0;
		}

	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = clock();
	else			ret     = (clock()-tmstart)/(double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC;

	return (ret);
	}

#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VXWORKS)
#include <time.h>

double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	double ret=0;
#ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
	static struct timespec	tmstart;
	struct timespec		now;
#else
	static unsigned long	tmstart;
	unsigned long		now;
#endif
	static int warning=1;

	if (usertime && warning)
		{
		BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
				   "this program on idle system.\n");
		warning=0;
		}

#ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&now);
	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
	else	ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_nsec*1e-9)
			- (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_nsec*1e-9) );
#else
	now = tickGet();
	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
	else			ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)sysClkRateGet();
#endif
	return (ret);
	}

#elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VMS)
#include <time.h>
#include <times.h>

double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	static clock_t	tmstart;
	double		ret = 0;
	clock_t		now;
#ifdef __TMS
	struct tms	rus;

	now = times(&rus);
	if (usertime)	now = rus.tms_utime;
#else
	if (usertime)
		now = clock(); /* sum of user and kernel times */
	else	{
		struct timeval tv;
		gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
		now = (clock_t)(
			(unsigned long long)tv.tv_sec*CLK_TCK +
			(unsigned long long)tv.tv_usec*(1000000/CLK_TCK)
			);
		}
#endif
	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
	else			ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)(CLK_TCK);

	return (ret);
	}

#elif defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)	/* by means of unistd.h */
#include <sys/times.h>

double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	double		ret = 0;
	struct tms	rus;
	clock_t		now = times(&rus);
	static clock_t	tmstart;

	if (usertime)		now = rus.tms_utime;

	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
	else
		{
		long int tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
		ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)tck;
		}

	return (ret);
	}

#else
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>

double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
	{
	double		ret = 0;
	struct rusage	rus;
	struct timeval	now;
	static struct timeval tmstart;

	if (usertime)		getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF,&rus), now = rus.ru_utime;
	else			gettimeofday(&now,NULL);

	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
	else			ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_usec*1e-6)
					- (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_usec*1e-6) );

	return ret;
	}
#endif

/* app_isdir section */
#ifdef _WIN32
int app_isdir(const char *name)
	{
	HANDLE		hList;
	WIN32_FIND_DATA	FileData;
#if defined(UNICODE) || defined(_UNICODE)
	size_t i, len_0 = strlen(name)+1;

	if (len_0 > sizeof(FileData.cFileName)/sizeof(FileData.cFileName[0]))
		return -1;

#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
	if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,name,len_0,FileData.cFileName,len_0))
#endif
		for (i=0;i<len_0;i++)
			FileData.cFileName[i] = (WCHAR)name[i];

	hList = FindFirstFile(FileData.cFileName,&FileData);
#else
	hList = FindFirstFile(name,&FileData);
#endif
	if (hList == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)	return -1;
	FindClose(hList);
	return ((FileData.dwFileAttributes&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)!=0);
	}
#else
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifndef S_ISDIR
# if defined(_S_IFMT) && defined(_S_IFDIR)
#  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFDIR)
# else 
#  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
# endif 
#endif 

int app_isdir(const char *name)
	{
#if defined(S_ISDIR)
	struct stat st;

	if (stat(name,&st)==0)	return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
	else			return -1;
#else
	return -1;
#endif
	}
#endif

/* raw_read|write section */
#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
	{
	DWORD n;
	if (ReadFile(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
		return (n);
	else	return (-1);
	}
#else
int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
	{	return read(fileno(stdin),buf,siz);	}
#endif

#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
	{
	DWORD n;
	if (WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
		return (n);
	else	return (-1);
	}
#else
int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
	{	return write(fileno(stdout),buf,siz);	}
#endif