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3802a3d3 | 1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*--> |
63749b1a | 2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" |
12b42c76 | 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> |
7b86ada7 | 4 | |
f48f7543 ZJS |
5 | <!-- |
6 | SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ | |
96b2fb93 | 7 | Copyright © 2014 Jason St. John |
f48f7543 ZJS |
8 | --> |
9 | ||
63749b1a KS |
10 | <refentry id="udev"> |
11 | <refentryinfo> | |
7b86ada7 | 12 | <title>udev</title> |
d3a2386d | 13 | <productname>systemd</productname> |
63749b1a KS |
14 | </refentryinfo> |
15 | ||
16 | <refmeta> | |
17 | <refentrytitle>udev</refentrytitle> | |
18 | <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> | |
19 | </refmeta> | |
20 | ||
21 | <refnamediv> | |
22 | <refname>udev</refname> | |
eb75d0ed | 23 | <refpurpose>Dynamic device management</refpurpose> |
63749b1a KS |
24 | </refnamediv> |
25 | ||
26 | <refsect1><title>Description</title> | |
27 | <para>udev supplies the system software with device events, manages permissions | |
28 | of device nodes and may create additional symlinks in the <filename>/dev</filename> | |
29 | directory, or renames network interfaces. The kernel usually just assigns unpredictable | |
30 | device names based on the order of discovery. Meaningful symlinks or network device | |
31 | names provide a way to reliably identify devices based on their properties or | |
32 | current configuration.</para> | |
33 | ||
b79f817b | 34 | <para>The udev daemon, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle> |
0e4fa2ab | 35 | <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, receives device uevents directly from |
63749b1a KS |
36 | the kernel whenever a device is added or removed from the system, or it changes its |
37 | state. When udev receives a device event, it matches its configured set of rules | |
0e846301 MW |
38 | against various device attributes to identify the device. Rules that match may |
39 | provide additional device information to be stored in the udev database or | |
63749b1a KS |
40 | to be used to create meaningful symlink names.</para> |
41 | ||
0e846301 | 42 | <para>All device information udev processes is stored in the udev database and |
63749b1a | 43 | sent out to possible event subscribers. Access to all stored data and the event |
17fd0f60 | 44 | sources is provided by the library libudev.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
45 | </refsect1> |
46 | ||
eb75d0ed | 47 | <refsect1><title>Rules Files</title> |
63749b1a | 48 | <para>The udev rules are read from the files located in the |
12b42c76 | 49 | system rules directory <filename>/usr/lib/udev/rules.d</filename>, |
91418155 KS |
50 | the volatile runtime directory <filename>/run/udev/rules.d</filename> |
51 | and the local administration directory <filename>/etc/udev/rules.d</filename>. | |
1021e6df KS |
52 | All rules files are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order, |
53 | regardless of the directories in which they live. However, files with | |
e9dd9f95 | 54 | identical filenames replace each other. Files in <filename>/etc</filename> |
91418155 | 55 | have the highest priority, files in <filename>/run</filename> take precedence |
12b42c76 | 56 | over files with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be |
91418155 KS |
57 | used to override a system-supplied rules file with a local file if needed; |
58 | a symlink in <filename>/etc</filename> with the same name as a rules file in | |
12b42c76 | 59 | <filename>/usr/lib</filename>, pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename>, |
eb75d0ed KS |
60 | disables the rules file entirely. Rule files must have the extension |
61 | <filename>.rules</filename>; other extensions are ignored.</para> | |
63749b1a | 62 | |
feedf8f3 | 63 | <para>Every line in the rules file contains at least one key-value pair. |
909f413d | 64 | Except for empty lines or lines beginning with <literal>#</literal>, which are ignored. |
bb31a4ac | 65 | There are two kinds of keys: match and assignment. |
6ec0ac43 TG |
66 | If all match keys match against their values, the rule gets applied and the |
67 | assignment keys get the specified values assigned.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
68 | |
69 | <para>A matching rule may rename a network interface, add symlinks | |
70 | pointing to the device node, or run a specified program as part of | |
71 | the event handling.</para> | |
72 | ||
55f5037c MW |
73 | <para>A rule consists of a comma-separated list of one or more key-value pairs. |
74 | Each key has a distinct operation, depending on the used operator. Valid | |
63749b1a KS |
75 | operators are:</para> |
76 | <variablelist> | |
77 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 78 | <term><literal>==</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
79 | <listitem> |
80 | <para>Compare for equality.</para> | |
81 | </listitem> | |
82 | </varlistentry> | |
83 | ||
84 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 85 | <term><literal>!=</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
86 | <listitem> |
87 | <para>Compare for inequality.</para> | |
88 | </listitem> | |
89 | </varlistentry> | |
90 | ||
91 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 92 | <term><literal>=</literal></term> |
63749b1a | 93 | <listitem> |
0e846301 | 94 | <para>Assign a value to a key. Keys that represent a list are reset |
63749b1a KS |
95 | and only this single value is assigned.</para> |
96 | </listitem> | |
97 | </varlistentry> | |
98 | ||
99 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 100 | <term><literal>+=</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
101 | <listitem> |
102 | <para>Add the value to a key that holds a list of entries.</para> | |
103 | </listitem> | |
104 | </varlistentry> | |
105 | ||
8e3ba377 DH |
106 | <varlistentry> |
107 | <term><literal>-=</literal></term> | |
108 | <listitem> | |
109 | <para>Remove the value from a key that holds a list of entries.</para> | |
110 | </listitem> | |
111 | </varlistentry> | |
112 | ||
63749b1a | 113 | <varlistentry> |
6b76fa66 | 114 | <term><literal>:=</literal></term> |
63749b1a | 115 | <listitem> |
2bf11540 | 116 | <para>Assign a value to a key finally; disallow any later changes.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
117 | </listitem> |
118 | </varlistentry> | |
119 | </variablelist> | |
120 | ||
121 | <para>The following key names can be used to match against device properties. | |
122 | Some of the keys also match against properties of the parent devices in sysfs, | |
123 | not only the device that has generated the event. If multiple keys that match | |
124 | a parent device are specified in a single rule, all these keys must match at | |
125 | one and the same parent device.</para> | |
ccc9a4f9 | 126 | <variablelist class='udev-directives'> |
63749b1a | 127 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 128 | <term><varname>ACTION</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
129 | <listitem> |
130 | <para>Match the name of the event action.</para> | |
131 | </listitem> | |
132 | </varlistentry> | |
133 | ||
134 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 135 | <term><varname>DEVPATH</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
136 | <listitem> |
137 | <para>Match the devpath of the event device.</para> | |
138 | </listitem> | |
139 | </varlistentry> | |
140 | ||
141 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 142 | <term><varname>KERNEL</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
143 | <listitem> |
144 | <para>Match the name of the event device.</para> | |
145 | </listitem> | |
146 | </varlistentry> | |
147 | ||
148 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 149 | <term><varname>NAME</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 150 | <listitem> |
220893b3 KS |
151 | <para>Match the name of a network interface. It can be used once the |
152 | NAME key has been set in one of the preceding rules.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
153 | </listitem> |
154 | </varlistentry> | |
155 | ||
156 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 157 | <term><varname>SYMLINK</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
158 | <listitem> |
159 | <para>Match the name of a symlink targeting the node. It can | |
160 | be used once a SYMLINK key has been set in one of the preceding | |
161 | rules. There may be multiple symlinks; only one needs to match. | |
162 | </para> | |
163 | </listitem> | |
164 | </varlistentry> | |
165 | ||
166 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 167 | <term><varname>SUBSYSTEM</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
168 | <listitem> |
169 | <para>Match the subsystem of the event device.</para> | |
170 | </listitem> | |
171 | </varlistentry> | |
172 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 173 | <term><varname>DRIVER</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 174 | <listitem> |
2e7f69eb | 175 | <para>Match the driver name of the event device. Only set this key for devices |
63749b1a KS |
176 | which are bound to a driver at the time the event is generated.</para> |
177 | </listitem> | |
178 | </varlistentry> | |
179 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 180 | <term><varname>ATTR{<replaceable>filename</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
181 | <listitem> |
182 | <para>Match sysfs attribute values of the event device. Trailing | |
65e039c2 MW |
183 | whitespace in the attribute values is ignored unless the specified match |
184 | value itself contains trailing whitespace. | |
63749b1a KS |
185 | </para> |
186 | </listitem> | |
f4cf2e5b KS |
187 | <term><varname>SYSCTL{<replaceable>kernel parameter</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
188 | <listitem> | |
189 | <para>Match a kernel parameter value. | |
190 | </para> | |
191 | </listitem> | |
63749b1a KS |
192 | </varlistentry> |
193 | ||
194 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 195 | <term><varname>KERNELS</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
196 | <listitem> |
197 | <para>Search the devpath upwards for a matching device name.</para> | |
198 | </listitem> | |
199 | </varlistentry> | |
200 | ||
201 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 202 | <term><varname>SUBSYSTEMS</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
203 | <listitem> |
204 | <para>Search the devpath upwards for a matching device subsystem name.</para> | |
205 | </listitem> | |
206 | </varlistentry> | |
207 | ||
208 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 209 | <term><varname>DRIVERS</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
210 | <listitem> |
211 | <para>Search the devpath upwards for a matching device driver name.</para> | |
212 | </listitem> | |
213 | </varlistentry> | |
214 | ||
215 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 216 | <term><varname>ATTRS{<replaceable>filename</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
217 | <listitem> |
218 | <para>Search the devpath upwards for a device with matching sysfs attribute values. | |
909f413d | 219 | If multiple <varname>ATTRS</varname> matches are specified, all of them |
65e039c2 MW |
220 | must match on the same device. Trailing whitespace in the attribute values is ignored |
221 | unless the specified match value itself contains trailing whitespace.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
222 | </listitem> |
223 | </varlistentry> | |
224 | ||
7df0ed83 | 225 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 226 | <term><varname>TAGS</varname></term> |
7df0ed83 KS |
227 | <listitem> |
228 | <para>Search the devpath upwards for a device with matching tag.</para> | |
229 | </listitem> | |
230 | </varlistentry> | |
231 | ||
63749b1a | 232 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 233 | <term><varname>ENV{<replaceable>key</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
234 | <listitem> |
235 | <para>Match against a device property value.</para> | |
236 | </listitem> | |
237 | </varlistentry> | |
238 | ||
239 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 240 | <term><varname>TAG</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
241 | <listitem> |
242 | <para>Match against a device tag.</para> | |
243 | </listitem> | |
244 | </varlistentry> | |
245 | ||
246 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 247 | <term><varname>TEST{<replaceable>octal mode mask</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
248 | <listitem> |
249 | <para>Test the existence of a file. An octal mode mask can be specified | |
250 | if needed.</para> | |
251 | </listitem> | |
252 | </varlistentry> | |
253 | ||
254 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 255 | <term><varname>PROGRAM</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 256 | <listitem> |
2e9820e3 MW |
257 | <para>Execute a program to determine whether there |
258 | is a match; the key is true if the program returns | |
63749b1a | 259 | successfully. The device properties are made available to the |
f131770b | 260 | executed program in the environment. The program's standard output |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
261 | is available in the <varname>RESULT</varname> key.</para> |
262 | <para>This can only be used for very short-running foreground tasks. For details, | |
909f413d | 263 | see <varname>RUN</varname>.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
264 | </listitem> |
265 | </varlistentry> | |
266 | ||
267 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 268 | <term><varname>RESULT</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 269 | <listitem> |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
270 | <para>Match the returned string of the last <varname>PROGRAM</varname> call. |
271 | This key can be used in the same or in any later rule after a | |
272 | <varname>PROGRAM</varname> call.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
273 | </listitem> |
274 | </varlistentry> | |
275 | </variablelist> | |
276 | ||
bf2e0ece AB |
277 | <para>Most of the fields support shell glob pattern matching and |
278 | alternate patterns. The following special characters are supported:</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
279 | <variablelist> |
280 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 281 | <term><literal>*</literal></term> |
63749b1a | 282 | <listitem> |
954e9c52 | 283 | <para>Matches zero or more characters.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
284 | </listitem> |
285 | </varlistentry> | |
286 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 287 | <term><literal>?</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
288 | <listitem> |
289 | <para>Matches any single character.</para> | |
290 | </listitem> | |
291 | </varlistentry> | |
292 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 293 | <term><literal>[]</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
294 | <listitem> |
295 | <para>Matches any single character specified within the brackets. For | |
909f413d ZJS |
296 | example, the pattern string <literal>tty[SR]</literal> |
297 | would match either <literal>ttyS</literal> or <literal>ttyR</literal>. | |
298 | Ranges are also supported via the <literal>-</literal> character. | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
299 | For example, to match on the range of all digits, the pattern |
300 | <literal>[0-9]</literal> could be used. If the first character | |
301 | following the <literal>[</literal> is a <literal>!</literal>, | |
302 | any characters not enclosed are matched.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
303 | </listitem> |
304 | </varlistentry> | |
bf2e0ece AB |
305 | <varlistentry> |
306 | <term><literal>|</literal></term> | |
307 | <listitem> | |
308 | <para>Separates alternative patterns. For example, the pattern string | |
309 | <literal>abc|x*</literal> would match either <literal>abc</literal> | |
310 | or <literal>x*</literal>.</para> | |
311 | </listitem> | |
312 | </varlistentry> | |
63749b1a KS |
313 | </variablelist> |
314 | ||
315 | <para>The following keys can get values assigned:</para> | |
ccc9a4f9 | 316 | <variablelist class='udev-directives'> |
63749b1a | 317 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 318 | <term><varname>NAME</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 319 | <listitem> |
1ff28eae TG |
320 | <para>The name to use for a network interface. See |
321 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
322 | for a higher-level mechanism for setting the interface name. | |
323 | The name of a device node cannot be changed by udev, only additional | |
324 | symlinks can be created.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
325 | </listitem> |
326 | </varlistentry> | |
327 | ||
328 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 329 | <term><varname>SYMLINK</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 330 | <listitem> |
933b5623 | 331 | <para>The name of a symlink targeting the node. Every matching rule adds |
b1239c3f KS |
332 | this value to the list of symlinks to be created.</para> |
333 | <para>The set of characters to name a symlink is limited. Allowed | |
909f413d ZJS |
334 | characters are <literal>0-9A-Za-z#+-.:=@_/</literal>, valid UTF-8 character |
335 | sequences, and <literal>\x00</literal> hex encoding. All other | |
336 | characters are replaced by a <literal>_</literal> character.</para> | |
b1239c3f KS |
337 | <para>Multiple symlinks may be specified by separating the names by the |
338 | space character. In case multiple devices claim the same name, the link | |
339 | always points to the device with the highest link_priority. If the current | |
340 | device goes away, the links are re-evaluated and the device with the | |
341 | next highest link_priority becomes the owner of the link. If no | |
342 | link_priority is specified, the order of the devices (and which one of | |
343 | them owns the link) is undefined.</para> | |
344 | <para>Symlink names must never conflict with the kernel's default device | |
345 | node names, as that would result in unpredictable behavior. | |
63749b1a KS |
346 | </para> |
347 | </listitem> | |
348 | </varlistentry> | |
349 | ||
350 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 351 | <term><varname>OWNER</varname>, <varname>GROUP</varname>, <varname>MODE</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 352 | <listitem> |
91418155 | 353 | <para>The permissions for the device node. Every specified value overrides |
63749b1a KS |
354 | the compiled-in default value.</para> |
355 | </listitem> | |
356 | </varlistentry> | |
357 | ||
c26547d6 KS |
358 | <varlistentry> |
359 | <term><varname>SECLABEL{<replaceable>module</replaceable>}</varname></term> | |
360 | <listitem> | |
361 | <para>Applies the specified Linux Security Module label to the device node.</para> | |
362 | </listitem> | |
363 | </varlistentry> | |
364 | ||
63749b1a | 365 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 366 | <term><varname>ATTR{<replaceable>key</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
367 | <listitem> |
368 | <para>The value that should be written to a sysfs attribute of the | |
369 | event device.</para> | |
370 | </listitem> | |
371 | </varlistentry> | |
372 | ||
f4cf2e5b KS |
373 | <varlistentry> |
374 | <term><varname>SYSCTL{<replaceable>kernel parameter</replaceable>}</varname></term> | |
375 | <listitem> | |
376 | <para>The value that should be written to kernel parameter.</para> | |
377 | </listitem> | |
378 | </varlistentry> | |
379 | ||
63749b1a | 380 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 381 | <term><varname>ENV{<replaceable>key</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 382 | <listitem> |
909f413d | 383 | <para>Set a device property value. Property names with a leading <literal>.</literal> |
ed9c5fb7 | 384 | are neither stored in the database nor exported to events or |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
385 | external tools (run by, for example, the <varname>PROGRAM</varname> |
386 | match key).</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
387 | </listitem> |
388 | </varlistentry> | |
389 | ||
390 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 391 | <term><varname>TAG</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
392 | <listitem> |
393 | <para>Attach a tag to a device. This is used to filter events for users | |
394 | of libudev's monitor functionality, or to enumerate a group of tagged | |
395 | devices. The implementation can only work efficiently if only a few | |
396 | tags are attached to a device. It is only meant to be used in | |
397 | contexts with specific device filter requirements, and not as a | |
398 | general-purpose flag. Excessive use might result in inefficient event | |
399 | handling.</para> | |
400 | </listitem> | |
401 | </varlistentry> | |
402 | ||
403 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 404 | <term><varname>RUN{<replaceable>type</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 405 | <listitem> |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
406 | <para>Add a program to the list of programs to be executed after |
407 | processing all the rules for a specific event, depending on | |
408 | <literal>type</literal>:</para> | |
72c6cf8f TG |
409 | <variablelist> |
410 | <varlistentry> | |
411 | <term><literal>program</literal></term> | |
412 | <listitem> | |
413 | <para>Execute an external program specified as the assigned | |
bcddd5bf | 414 | value. If no absolute path is given, the program is expected |
12b42c76 | 415 | to live in <filename>/usr/lib/udev</filename>; otherwise, the |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
416 | absolute path must be specified.</para> |
417 | <para>This is the default if no <replaceable>type</replaceable> | |
418 | is specified.</para> | |
72c6cf8f TG |
419 | </listitem> |
420 | </varlistentry> | |
421 | <varlistentry> | |
422 | <term><literal>builtin</literal></term> | |
423 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
424 | <para>As <varname>program</varname>, but use one of the |
425 | built-in programs rather than an external one.</para> | |
72c6cf8f TG |
426 | </listitem> |
427 | </varlistentry> | |
428 | </variablelist> | |
429 | <para>The program name and following arguments are separated by spaces. | |
430 | Single quotes can be used to specify arguments with spaces.</para> | |
b45f770f | 431 | <para>This can only be used for very short-running foreground tasks. Running an |
2b76eb68 | 432 | event process for a long period of time may block all further events for |
b45f770f | 433 | this or a dependent device.</para> |
bcddd5bf | 434 | <para>Starting daemons or other long-running processes is not appropriate |
b45f770f KS |
435 | for udev; the forked processes, detached or not, will be unconditionally |
436 | killed after the event handling has finished.</para> | |
877dce40 MS |
437 | <para>Note that running programs that access the network or mount/unmount |
438 | filesystems is not allowed inside of udev rules, due to the default sandbox | |
439 | that is enforced on <filename>systemd-udevd.service</filename>.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
440 | </listitem> |
441 | </varlistentry> | |
442 | ||
443 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 444 | <term><varname>LABEL</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 445 | <listitem> |
bcddd5bf | 446 | <para>A named label to which a <varname>GOTO</varname> may jump.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
447 | </listitem> |
448 | </varlistentry> | |
449 | ||
450 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 451 | <term><varname>GOTO</varname></term> |
63749b1a | 452 | <listitem> |
bcddd5bf | 453 | <para>Jumps to the next <varname>LABEL</varname> with a matching name.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
454 | </listitem> |
455 | </varlistentry> | |
456 | ||
457 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 458 | <term><varname>IMPORT{<replaceable>type</replaceable>}</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
459 | <listitem> |
460 | <para>Import a set of variables as device properties, | |
6b76fa66 | 461 | depending on <literal>type</literal>:</para> |
63749b1a KS |
462 | <variablelist> |
463 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 464 | <term><literal>program</literal></term> |
63749b1a | 465 | <listitem> |
9de4d0ce | 466 | <para>Execute an external program specified as the assigned |
b938cb90 | 467 | value and, if it returns successfully, |
63749b1a KS |
468 | import its output, which must be in environment key |
469 | format. Path specification, command/argument separation, | |
909f413d | 470 | and quoting work like in <varname>RUN</varname>.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
471 | </listitem> |
472 | </varlistentry> | |
473 | <varlistentry> | |
72c6cf8f TG |
474 | <term><literal>builtin</literal></term> |
475 | <listitem> | |
909f413d ZJS |
476 | <para>Similar to <literal>program</literal>, but use one of the |
477 | built-in programs rather than an external one.</para> | |
72c6cf8f TG |
478 | </listitem> |
479 | </varlistentry> | |
480 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 481 | <term><literal>file</literal></term> |
63749b1a | 482 | <listitem> |
b6a49cd6 MW |
483 | <para>Import a text file specified as the assigned value, the content |
484 | of which must be in environment key format.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
485 | </listitem> |
486 | </varlistentry> | |
487 | <varlistentry> | |
6b76fa66 | 488 | <term><literal>db</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
489 | <listitem> |
490 | <para>Import a single property specified as the assigned value from the | |
491 | current device database. This works only if the database is already populated | |
492 | by an earlier event.</para> | |
493 | </listitem> | |
494 | </varlistentry> | |
c4f6dcc4 | 495 | <varlistentry> |
6b76fa66 | 496 | <term><literal>cmdline</literal></term> |
c4f6dcc4 | 497 | <listitem> |
ad9c70a8 | 498 | <para>Import a single property from the kernel command line. For simple flags |
909f413d | 499 | the value of the property is set to <literal>1</literal>.</para> |
c4f6dcc4 KS |
500 | </listitem> |
501 | </varlistentry> | |
63749b1a | 502 | <varlistentry> |
6b76fa66 | 503 | <term><literal>parent</literal></term> |
63749b1a KS |
504 | <listitem> |
505 | <para>Import the stored keys from the parent device by reading | |
506 | the database entry of the parent device. The value assigned to | |
507 | <option>IMPORT{parent}</option> is used as a filter of key names | |
eb75d0ed | 508 | to import (with the same shell glob pattern matching used for |
63749b1a KS |
509 | comparisons).</para> |
510 | </listitem> | |
511 | </varlistentry> | |
512 | </variablelist> | |
b45f770f KS |
513 | <para>This can only be used for very short-running foreground tasks. For details |
514 | see <option>RUN</option>.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
515 | </listitem> |
516 | </varlistentry> | |
517 | ||
63749b1a | 518 | <varlistentry> |
909f413d | 519 | <term><varname>OPTIONS</varname></term> |
63749b1a KS |
520 | <listitem> |
521 | <para>Rule and device options:</para> | |
ccc9a4f9 | 522 | <variablelist class='udev-directives'> |
63749b1a KS |
523 | <varlistentry> |
524 | <term><option>link_priority=<replaceable>value</replaceable></option></term> | |
525 | <listitem> | |
526 | <para>Specify the priority of the created symlinks. Devices with higher | |
527 | priorities overwrite existing symlinks of other devices. The default is 0.</para> | |
528 | </listitem> | |
529 | </varlistentry> | |
63749b1a KS |
530 | <varlistentry> |
531 | <term><option>string_escape=<replaceable>none|replace</replaceable></option></term> | |
532 | <listitem> | |
b938cb90 | 533 | <para>Usually, control and other possibly unsafe characters are replaced |
63749b1a KS |
534 | in strings used for device naming. The mode of replacement can be specified |
535 | with this option.</para> | |
536 | </listitem> | |
537 | </varlistentry> | |
9fa68615 KS |
538 | <varlistentry> |
539 | <term><option>static_node=</option></term> | |
540 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
541 | <para>Apply the permissions specified in this rule to the |
542 | static device node with the specified name. Also, for every | |
543 | tag specified in this rule, create a symlink | |
84b6ad70 TG |
544 | in the directory |
545 | <filename>/run/udev/static_node-tags/<replaceable>tag</replaceable></filename> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
546 | pointing at the static device node with the specified name. |
547 | Static device node creation is performed by systemd-tmpfiles | |
548 | before systemd-udevd is started. The static nodes might not | |
549 | have a corresponding kernel device; they are used to trigger | |
550 | automatic kernel module loading when they are accessed.</para> | |
9fa68615 KS |
551 | </listitem> |
552 | </varlistentry> | |
63749b1a KS |
553 | <varlistentry> |
554 | <term><option>watch</option></term> | |
555 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
556 | <para>Watch the device node with inotify; when the node is |
557 | closed after being opened for writing, a change uevent is | |
558 | synthesized.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
559 | </listitem> |
560 | </varlistentry> | |
3b529da4 KS |
561 | <varlistentry> |
562 | <term><option>nowatch</option></term> | |
563 | <listitem> | |
564 | <para>Disable the watching of a device node with inotify.</para> | |
565 | </listitem> | |
566 | </varlistentry> | |
63749b1a KS |
567 | </variablelist> |
568 | </listitem> | |
569 | </varlistentry> | |
570 | </variablelist> | |
571 | ||
bcddd5bf JSJ |
572 | <para>The <varname>NAME</varname>, <varname>SYMLINK</varname>, |
573 | <varname>PROGRAM</varname>, <varname>OWNER</varname>, | |
4f985bd8 MS |
574 | <varname>GROUP</varname>, <varname>MODE</varname>, <varname>SECLABEL</varname>, |
575 | and <varname>RUN</varname> fields support simple string substitutions. | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
576 | The <varname>RUN</varname> substitutions are performed after all rules |
577 | have been processed, right before the program is executed, allowing for | |
578 | the use of device properties set by earlier matching rules. For all other | |
579 | fields, substitutions are performed while the individual rule is being | |
580 | processed. The available substitutions are:</para> | |
ccc9a4f9 | 581 | <variablelist class='udev-directives'> |
63749b1a KS |
582 | <varlistentry> |
583 | <term><option>$kernel</option>, <option>%k</option></term> | |
584 | <listitem> | |
585 | <para>The kernel name for this device.</para> | |
586 | </listitem> | |
587 | </varlistentry> | |
588 | ||
589 | <varlistentry> | |
590 | <term><option>$number</option>, <option>%n</option></term> | |
591 | <listitem> | |
909f413d | 592 | <para>The kernel number for this device. For example, |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
593 | <literal>sda3</literal> has kernel number <literal>3</literal>. |
594 | </para> | |
63749b1a KS |
595 | </listitem> |
596 | </varlistentry> | |
597 | ||
598 | <varlistentry> | |
599 | <term><option>$devpath</option>, <option>%p</option></term> | |
600 | <listitem> | |
601 | <para>The devpath of the device.</para> | |
602 | </listitem> | |
603 | </varlistentry> | |
604 | ||
605 | <varlistentry> | |
606 | <term><option>$id</option>, <option>%b</option></term> | |
607 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
608 | <para>The name of the device matched while searching the devpath |
609 | upwards for <option>SUBSYSTEMS</option>, <option>KERNELS</option>, | |
610 | <option>DRIVERS</option>, and <option>ATTRS</option>. | |
63749b1a KS |
611 | </para> |
612 | </listitem> | |
613 | </varlistentry> | |
614 | ||
615 | <varlistentry> | |
616 | <term><option>$driver</option></term> | |
617 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
618 | <para>The driver name of the device matched while searching the |
619 | devpath upwards for <option>SUBSYSTEMS</option>, | |
620 | <option>KERNELS</option>, <option>DRIVERS</option>, and | |
621 | <option>ATTRS</option>. | |
63749b1a KS |
622 | </para> |
623 | </listitem> | |
624 | </varlistentry> | |
625 | ||
626 | <varlistentry> | |
627 | <term><option>$attr{<replaceable>file</replaceable>}</option>, <option>%s{<replaceable>file</replaceable>}</option></term> | |
628 | <listitem> | |
0e846301 | 629 | <para>The value of a sysfs attribute found at the device where |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
630 | all keys of the rule have matched. If the matching device does not |
631 | have such an attribute, and a previous <option>KERNELS</option>, | |
632 | <option>SUBSYSTEMS</option>, <option>DRIVERS</option>, or | |
633 | <option>ATTRS</option> test selected a parent device, then the | |
634 | attribute from that parent device is used. | |
635 | </para> | |
636 | <para>If the attribute is a symlink, the last element of the | |
637 | symlink target is returned as the value. | |
638 | </para> | |
63749b1a KS |
639 | </listitem> |
640 | </varlistentry> | |
641 | ||
642 | <varlistentry> | |
643 | <term><option>$env{<replaceable>key</replaceable>}</option>, <option>%E{<replaceable>key</replaceable>}</option></term> | |
644 | <listitem> | |
645 | <para>A device property value.</para> | |
646 | </listitem> | |
647 | </varlistentry> | |
648 | ||
649 | <varlistentry> | |
650 | <term><option>$major</option>, <option>%M</option></term> | |
651 | <listitem> | |
652 | <para>The kernel major number for the device.</para> | |
653 | </listitem> | |
654 | </varlistentry> | |
655 | ||
656 | <varlistentry> | |
657 | <term><option>$minor</option>, <option>%m</option></term> | |
658 | <listitem> | |
659 | <para>The kernel minor number for the device.</para> | |
660 | </listitem> | |
661 | </varlistentry> | |
662 | ||
663 | <varlistentry> | |
664 | <term><option>$result</option>, <option>%c</option></term> | |
665 | <listitem> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
666 | <para>The string returned by the external program requested with |
667 | <varname>PROGRAM</varname>. | |
21188522 | 668 | A single part of the string, separated by a space character, may be selected |
909f413d ZJS |
669 | by specifying the part number as an attribute: <literal>%c{N}</literal>. |
670 | If the number is followed by the <literal>+</literal> character, this part plus all remaining parts | |
671 | of the result string are substituted: <literal>%c{N+}</literal>.</para> | |
63749b1a KS |
672 | </listitem> |
673 | </varlistentry> | |
674 | ||
675 | <varlistentry> | |
676 | <term><option>$parent</option>, <option>%P</option></term> | |
677 | <listitem> | |
678 | <para>The node name of the parent device.</para> | |
679 | </listitem> | |
680 | </varlistentry> | |
681 | ||
682 | <varlistentry> | |
683 | <term><option>$name</option></term> | |
684 | <listitem> | |
220893b3 | 685 | <para>The current name of the device. If not changed by a rule, it is the |
63749b1a KS |
686 | name of the kernel device.</para> |
687 | </listitem> | |
688 | </varlistentry> | |
689 | ||
690 | <varlistentry> | |
691 | <term><option>$links</option></term> | |
692 | <listitem> | |
e8b5e4e5 | 693 | <para>A space-separated list of the current symlinks. The value is |
2d74bc75 | 694 | only set during a remove event or if an earlier rule assigned a value.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
695 | </listitem> |
696 | </varlistentry> | |
697 | ||
698 | <varlistentry> | |
699 | <term><option>$root</option>, <option>%r</option></term> | |
700 | <listitem> | |
701 | <para>The udev_root value.</para> | |
702 | </listitem> | |
703 | </varlistentry> | |
704 | ||
705 | <varlistentry> | |
706 | <term><option>$sys</option>, <option>%S</option></term> | |
707 | <listitem> | |
708 | <para>The sysfs mount point.</para> | |
709 | </listitem> | |
710 | </varlistentry> | |
711 | ||
712 | <varlistentry> | |
220893b3 | 713 | <term><option>$devnode</option>, <option>%N</option></term> |
63749b1a | 714 | <listitem> |
220893b3 | 715 | <para>The name of the device node.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
716 | </listitem> |
717 | </varlistentry> | |
718 | ||
719 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 720 | <term><option>%%</option></term> |
63749b1a | 721 | <listitem> |
909f413d | 722 | <para>The <literal>%</literal> character itself.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
723 | </listitem> |
724 | </varlistentry> | |
725 | ||
726 | <varlistentry> | |
909f413d | 727 | <term><option>$$</option></term> |
63749b1a | 728 | <listitem> |
909f413d | 729 | <para>The <literal>$</literal> character itself.</para> |
63749b1a KS |
730 | </listitem> |
731 | </varlistentry> | |
732 | </variablelist> | |
63749b1a KS |
733 | </refsect1> |
734 | ||
63749b1a KS |
735 | <refsect1> |
736 | <title>See Also</title> | |
bcddd5bf JSJ |
737 | <para> |
738 | <citerefentry> | |
b79f817b | 739 | <refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> |
ad29a9f1 | 740 | </citerefentry>, |
63749b1a KS |
741 | <citerefentry> |
742 | <refentrytitle>udevadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> | |
2b09983f | 743 | </citerefentry>, |
1ff28eae TG |
744 | <citerefentry> |
745 | <refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum> | |
746 | </citerefentry> | |
bcddd5bf | 747 | </para> |
63749b1a KS |
748 | </refsect1> |
749 | </refentry> |