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nspawn: add support for owneridmap bind option
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
CommitLineData
db9ecf05 1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
88213476 2
88213476 3#include <errno.h>
88213476 4#include <getopt.h>
1b9e5b12 5#include <linux/loop.h>
349cc4a5 6#if HAVE_SELINUX
8fe0087e 7#include <selinux/selinux.h>
1b9e5b12 8#endif
8fe0087e 9#include <stdlib.h>
8fe0087e 10#include <sys/file.h>
335d2ead 11#include <sys/ioctl.h>
613fb4b6 12#include <sys/mount.h>
8fe0087e
LP		 13#include <sys/personality.h>
14#include <sys/prctl.h>
15#include <sys/types.h>
6916b164 16#include <sys/wait.h>
335d2ead 17#include <termios.h>
8fe0087e 18#include <unistd.h>
1b9e5b12 19
613fb4b6
LP		 20#include <linux/fs.h> /* Must be included after <sys/mount.h> */
21
b053cd5f 22#include "sd-bus.h"
1f0cd86b 23#include "sd-daemon.h"
1f0cd86b 24#include "sd-id128.h"
8fe0087e 25
b5efdb8a 26#include "alloc-util.h"
813dbff4 27#include "ether-addr-util.h"
8fe0087e
LP		 28#include "barrier.h"
29#include "base-filesystem.h"
30#include "blkid-util.h"
31#include "btrfs-util.h"
d6b4d1c7 32#include "build.h"
b8ea7a6e 33#include "bus-error.h"
7f8a85e6 34#include "bus-locator.h"
b053cd5f 35#include "bus-util.h"
8fe0087e 36#include "cap-list.h"
430f0182 37#include "capability-util.h"
04d391da 38#include "cgroup-util.h"
f461a28d 39#include "chase.h"
988851b6 40#include "common-signal.h"
8fe0087e 41#include "copy.h"
d107bb7d 42#include "cpu-set-util.h"
786d19fd 43#include "creds-util.h"
4fc9982c 44#include "dev-setup.h"
57f1b61b 45#include "discover-image.h"
2d845785 46#include "dissect-image.h"
8fe0087e 47#include "env-util.h"
3652872a 48#include "escape.h"
3ffd4af2 49#include "fd-util.h"
842f3b0f 50#include "fdset.h"
a5c32cff 51#include "fileio.h"
f97b34a6 52#include "format-util.h"
f4f15635 53#include "fs-util.h"
1b9e5b12 54#include "gpt.h"
4623e8e6 55#include "hexdecoct.h"
e2054217 56#include "hostname-setup.h"
8fe0087e 57#include "hostname-util.h"
910fd145 58#include "id128-util.h"
3652872a 59#include "io-util.h"
8fe0087e 60#include "log.h"
2d845785 61#include "loop-util.h"
8fe0087e 62#include "loopback-setup.h"
e8ac916e 63#include "machine-credential.h"
8fe0087e 64#include "macro.h"
44dbef90 65#include "main-func.h"
f5947a5e 66#include "missing_sched.h"
8fe0087e 67#include "mkdir.h"
4349cd7c 68#include "mount-util.h"
049af8ad 69#include "mountpoint-util.h"
0cb8e3d1 70#include "namespace-util.h"
8fe0087e 71#include "netlink-util.h"
2f893044 72#include "nspawn-bind-user.h"
07630cea 73#include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
3603efde 74#include "nspawn-def.h"
07630cea
LP		 75#include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
76#include "nspawn-mount.h"
77#include "nspawn-network.h"
de40a303 78#include "nspawn-oci.h"
7336138e 79#include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
07630cea 80#include "nspawn-register.h"
910fd145 81#include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
07630cea
LP		 82#include "nspawn-settings.h"
83#include "nspawn-setuid.h"
7732f92b 84#include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
c9394f4f 85#include "nspawn-util.h"
91181e07 86#include "nspawn.h"
d8b4d14d 87#include "nulstr-util.h"
d58ad743 88#include "os-util.h"
50ebcf6c 89#include "pager.h"
614b022c 90#include "parse-argument.h"
6bedfcbb 91#include "parse-util.h"
294bf0c3 92#include "pretty-print.h"
0b452006 93#include "process-util.h"
8fe0087e
LP		 94#include "ptyfwd.h"
95#include "random-util.h"
8869a0b4 96#include "raw-clone.h"
86775e35 97#include "resolve-util.h"
bf428efb 98#include "rlimit-util.h"
8fe0087e 99#include "rm-rf.h"
de40a303 100#include "seccomp-util.h"
68b02049 101#include "selinux-util.h"
8fe0087e 102#include "signal-util.h"
2583fbea 103#include "socket-util.h"
8fcde012 104#include "stat-util.h"
15a5e950 105#include "stdio-util.h"
5c828e66 106#include "string-table.h"
07630cea 107#include "string-util.h"
8fe0087e 108#include "strv.h"
de40a303 109#include "sysctl-util.h"
8fe0087e 110#include "terminal-util.h"
e4de7287 111#include "tmpfile-util.h"
affb60b1 112#include "umask-util.h"
43c3fb46 113#include "unit-name.h"
b1d4f8e1 114#include "user-util.h"
300a03be 115#include "vpick.h"
e9642be2 116
e96ceaba
LP		 117/* The notify socket inside the container it can use to talk to nspawn using the sd_notify(3) protocol */
118#define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/host/notify"
e79581dd 119#define NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL "/run/host/incoming"
0e7ac751 120
2a49b612
ZJS		 121#define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
122
113cea80
DH		 123typedef enum ContainerStatus {
124 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
6145bb4f 125 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
113cea80
DH		 126} ContainerStatus;
127
88213476 128static char *arg_directory = NULL;
ec16945e 129static char *arg_template = NULL;
5f932eb9 130static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
b53ede69
PW		 131static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
132static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
687d0825 133static char *arg_user = NULL;
de40a303
LP		 134static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
135static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
136static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
137static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
9444b1f2 138static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
3a9530e5
LP		 139static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
140static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
c74e630d
LP		 141static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
142static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
de40a303 143static char *arg_slice = NULL;
ff01d048 144static bool arg_private_network = false;
bc2f673e 145static bool arg_read_only = false;
7732f92b 146static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
ec16945e 147static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
57fb9fb5 148static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
574edc90 149static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
520e0d54 150static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
50b52222
LP		 151 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
5076f0cc
LP		 153 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
50b52222 162 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
5076f0cc
LP		 163 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
5076f0cc 166 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
50b52222 167 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
5076f0cc
LP		 168 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
50b52222 171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
5076f0cc
LP		 172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
d87be9b0 175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
50b52222 176 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
88fc9c9b 177static uint64_t arg_caps_ambient = 0;
de40a303 178static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
5a8af538 179static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
88614c8a 180static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
f4889f65 181static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
284c0b91 182static bool arg_quiet = false;
eb91eb18 183static bool arg_register = true;
89f7c846 184static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
aa28aefe 185static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
c74e630d 186static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
4bbfe7ad 187static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
69c79d3c 188static bool arg_network_veth = false;
f6d6bad1 189static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
f757855e 190static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
22b28dfd 191static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
d7bea6b6 192static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
813dbff4 193struct ether_addr arg_network_provided_mac = {};
bb068de0 194static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
050f7277 195static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
ec16945e 196static char *arg_image = NULL;
de40a303 197static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
f757855e 198static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
6d0b55c2 199static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
f36933fe 200static char **arg_property = NULL;
de40a303 201static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
0de7acce 202static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
6dac160c 203static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
6c045a99 204static UserNamespaceOwnership arg_userns_ownership = _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_INVALID;
c6c8f6e2 205static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
5da38d07 206static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
f757855e
LP		 207static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
208static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
209static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
6aadfa4c 210static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
9c1e04d0 211static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
5a8ff0e6 212static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
0c582db0 213static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
1099ceeb 214static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
aee36b4e 215static VeritySettings arg_verity_settings = VERITY_SETTINGS_DEFAULT;
6b000af4
LP		 216static char **arg_syscall_allow_list = NULL;
217static char **arg_syscall_deny_list = NULL;
de40a303
LP		 218#if HAVE_SECCOMP
219static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
220#endif
bf428efb 221static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
66edd963 222static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
81f345df
LP		 223static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
224static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
0985c7c4 225static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
09d423e9 226static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
1688841f 227static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
f5fbe71d 228static unsigned arg_console_width = UINT_MAX, arg_console_height = UINT_MAX;
de40a303
LP		 229static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
230static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
231static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
232static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
bd546b9b 233static MachineCredentialContext arg_credentials = {};
2f893044 234static char **arg_bind_user = NULL;
4a4654e0 235static bool arg_suppress_sync = false;
3603f151 236static char *arg_settings_filename = NULL;
4c27749b 237static Architecture arg_architecture = _ARCHITECTURE_INVALID;
84be0c71 238static ImagePolicy *arg_image_policy = NULL;
3d8ba7b8 239static char *arg_background = NULL;
88213476 240
6145bb4f
LP		 241STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
242STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
243STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
244STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
245STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
246STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
247STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
248STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
249STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
250STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
251STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
252STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
253STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
254STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
255STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
256STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
257STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
258STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
259STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
260STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
261STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
262STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
263STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
89e62e0b 264STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_verity_settings, verity_settings_done);
6b000af4
LP		 265STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_allow_list, strv_freep);
266STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_deny_list, strv_freep);
6145bb4f
LP		 267#if HAVE_SECCOMP
268STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
269#endif
bd546b9b 270STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_credentials, machine_credential_context_done);
0985c7c4 271STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
6145bb4f 272STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
2f893044 273STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_bind_user, strv_freep);
3603f151 274STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_settings_filename, freep);
84be0c71 275STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image_policy, image_policy_freep);
3d8ba7b8 276STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_background, freep);
6145bb4f 277
dce66ffe
ZJS		 278static int handle_arg_console(const char *arg) {
279 if (streq(arg, "help")) {
10e8a60b
LP		 280 puts("autopipe\n"
281 "interactive\n"
dce66ffe 282 "passive\n"
10e8a60b
LP		 283 "pipe\n"
284 "read-only");
dce66ffe
ZJS		 285 return 0;
286 }
287
288 if (streq(arg, "interactive"))
289 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
290 else if (streq(arg, "read-only"))
291 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
292 else if (streq(arg, "passive"))
293 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
554c4beb 294 else if (streq(arg, "pipe")) {
dd9c8da8 295 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
554c4beb
LP		 296 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE,
297 "Console mode 'pipe' selected, but standard input/output are connected to an interactive TTY. "
298 "Most likely you want to use 'interactive' console mode for proper interactivity and shell job control. "
299 "Proceeding anyway.");
300
dce66ffe 301 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
10e8a60b 302 } else if (streq(arg, "autopipe")) {
dd9c8da8 303 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
10e8a60b
LP		 304 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
305 else
306 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
554c4beb 307 } else
dce66ffe
ZJS		 308 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
309
310 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
311 return 1;
312}
313
37ec0fdd
LP		 314static int help(void) {
315 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
316 int r;
317
384c2c32 318 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
50ebcf6c 319
37ec0fdd
LP		 320 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
321 if (r < 0)
322 return log_oom();
323
25148653 324 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
37a92352 325 "%5$sSpawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.%6$s\n\n"
a8828ed9
DW		 326 " -h --help Show this help\n"
327 " --version Print version string\n"
69c79d3c 328 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
bb068de0 329 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
269f70de
LP		 330 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n"
331 "\n%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
1b9e5b12 332 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
ec16945e
LP		 333 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
334 " if missing\n"
335 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
336 " remove it after exit\n"
25e68fd3
LP		 337 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
338 " the container\n"
84be0c71 339 " --image-policy=POLICY Specify disk image dissection policy\n"
de40a303 340 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
25148653
LP		 341 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
342 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
25e68fd3 343 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
c2923fdc
LB		 344 " --root-hash-sig=SIG Specify pkcs7 signature of root hash for verity\n"
345 " as a DER encoded PKCS7, either as a path to a file\n"
346 " or as an ASCII base64 encoded string prefixed by\n"
347 " 'base64:'\n"
e7cbe5cb 348 " --verity-data=PATH Specify hash device for verity\n"
25148653 349 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
269f70de
LP		 350 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n"
351 "\n%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
7732f92b 352 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
a8828ed9 353 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
5f932eb9 354 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
0d2a0179 355 " -E --setenv=NAME[=VALUE] Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
25148653
LP		 356 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
357 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
4a4654e0
LP		 358 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
359 " --suppress-sync=BOOLEAN\n"
269f70de
LP		 360 " Suppress any form of disk data synchronization\n"
361 "\n%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9 362 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
3a9530e5 363 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
269f70de
LP		 364 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n"
365 "\n%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9 366 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
f36933fe 367 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
25148653
LP		 368 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
369 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
269f70de
LP		 370 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n"
371 "\n%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
b917743d
YW		 372 " --private-users=no Run without user namespacing\n"
373 " --private-users=yes|pick|identity\n"
374 " Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
375 " --private-users=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]\n"
90b4a64d 376 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
6c045a99
LP		 377 " --private-users-ownership=MODE\n"
378 " Adjust ('chown') or map ('map') OS tree ownership\n"
b917743d
YW		 379 " to private UID/GID range\n"
380 " -U Equivalent to --private-users=pick and\n"
269f70de
LP		 381 " --private-users-ownership=auto\n"
382 "\n%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
69c79d3c 383 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
2f091b1b 384 " --network-interface=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
69c79d3c
LP		 385 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
386 " container\n"
2f091b1b 387 " --network-macvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
c74e630d
LP		 388 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
389 " existing network interface to the container\n"
2f091b1b 390 " --network-ipvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
387f6955 391 " Create an ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
4bbfe7ad 392 " existing network interface to the container\n"
a8eaaee7 393 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
69c79d3c 394 " and container\n"
f6d6bad1
LP		 395 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
396 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
397 " host and container\n"
ab046dde 398 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
90b4a64d
ZJS		 399 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
400 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
401 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
402 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
d7bea6b6
DP		 403 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
404 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
405 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
6d0b55c2 406 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
269f70de
LP		 407 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n"
408 "\n%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
a8828ed9
DW		 409 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
410 " capability\n"
411 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
88fc9c9b
TH		 412 " --ambient-capability=CAP\n"
413 " Sets the specified capability for the started\n"
414 " process. Not useful if booting a machine.\n"
f4e803c8 415 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
960e4569
LP		 416 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
417 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
25148653
LP		 418 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
419 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
420 " processes in the container\n"
421 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
422 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
269f70de
LP		 423 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n"
424 "\n%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
bf428efb 425 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
81f345df
LP		 426 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
427 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
f4e803c8 428 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
269f70de
LP		 429 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n"
430 "\n%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
09d423e9 431 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
1688841f 432 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
25148653
LP		 433 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
434 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
269f70de
LP		 435 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n"
436 "\n%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
5e5bfa6e
EY		 437 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
438 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
a8828ed9 439 " the container\n"
5e5bfa6e
EY		 440 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
441 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
de40a303
LP		 442 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
443 " it\n"
06c17c39 444 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
5a8af538
LP		 445 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
446 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
447 " the container\n"
448 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
2f893044 449 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
269f70de
LP		 450 " --bind-user=NAME Bind user from host to container\n"
451 "\n%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
de40a303
LP		 452 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
453 " set up for the container.\n"
269f70de 454 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n"
3d8ba7b8 455 " --background=COLOR Set ANSI color for background\n"
269f70de 456 "\n%3$sCredentials:%4$s\n"
3652872a
LP		 457 " --set-credential=ID:VALUE\n"
458 " Pass a credential with literal value to container.\n"
459 " --load-credential=ID:PATH\n"
460 " Load credential to pass to container from file or\n"
461 " AF_UNIX stream socket.\n"
bc556335
DDM		 462 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
463 program_invocation_short_name,
464 link,
465 ansi_underline(),
466 ansi_normal(),
467 ansi_highlight(),
468 ansi_normal());
37ec0fdd
LP		 469
470 return 0;
88213476
LP		 471}
472
86c0dd4a 473static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
88614c8a 474 size_t i;
5a8af538 475
5a8af538
LP		 476 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
477 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
478
0de7acce 479 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
6c045a99 480 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF)
baaa35ad 481 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
c920b863 482 "--private-users-ownership=own may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
6c045a99 483 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
baaa35ad
ZJS		 484 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
485 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
825d5287 486 }
5a8af538
LP		 487 }
488
489 return 0;
490}
491
8199d554 492static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
c78c095b 493 const char *e, *var = "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY";
415fc41c 494 int r;
5da38d07 495
efdb0237 496 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
c78c095b
ZJS		 497
498 e = getenv(var);
499 if (!e) {
d5fc5b2f 500 /* $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY has been renamed to $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY. */
c78c095b
ZJS		 501 var = "UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY";
502 e = getenv(var);
c78c095b
ZJS		 503 }
504
505 if (!isempty(e)) {
efdb0237
LP		 506 r = parse_boolean(e);
507 if (r < 0)
c78c095b 508 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", var);
5da38d07
TH		 509 if (r > 0)
510 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
511 else
512 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
efdb0237
LP		 513 }
514
8199d554
LP		 515 return 0;
516}
517
518static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
519 int r;
520
75b0d8b8
ZJS		 521 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd
522 * in the image actually supports. */
b4cccbc1
LP		 523 r = cg_all_unified();
524 if (r < 0)
525 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
526 if (r > 0) {
a8725a06
ZJS		 527 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
528 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
7e6821ed 529 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "230");
a8725a06
ZJS		 530 if (r < 0)
531 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
532 if (r > 0)
533 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
534 else
535 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
c22800e4 536 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
2977724b 537 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
7e6821ed 538 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "233");
0fd9563f
ZJS		 539 if (r < 0)
540 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
541 if (r > 0)
542 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
543 else
544 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
545 } else
5da38d07 546 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
efdb0237 547
8199d554
LP		 548 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
549 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
550 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
551
efdb0237
LP		 552 return 0;
553}
554
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 555static int parse_capability_spec(const char *spec, uint64_t *ret_mask) {
556 uint64_t mask = 0;
557 int r;
558
559 for (;;) {
560 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
561
562 r = extract_first_word(&spec, &t, ",", 0);
563 if (r < 0)
564 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
565 if (r == 0)
566 break;
567
568 if (streq(t, "help")) {
569 for (int i = 0; i < capability_list_length(); i++) {
570 const char *name;
571
572 name = capability_to_name(i);
573 if (name)
574 puts(name);
575 }
576
577 return 0; /* quit */
578 }
579
580 if (streq(t, "all"))
f5fbe71d 581 mask = UINT64_MAX;
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 582 else {
583 r = capability_from_name(t);
584 if (r < 0)
585 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
586
587 mask |= 1ULL << r;
588 }
589 }
590
591 *ret_mask = mask;
592 return 1; /* continue */
593}
594
49048684 595static int parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
0c582db0
LB		 596 int r;
597
598 r = getenv_bool(name);
599 if (r == -ENXIO)
49048684 600 return 0;
0c582db0 601 if (r < 0)
49048684 602 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", name);
de40a303 603
0c582db0 604 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
de40a303 605 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
49048684 606 return 0;
0c582db0
LB		 607}
608
49048684 609static int parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
4f086aab 610 const char *e;
1099ceeb
LP		 611 int r;
612
613 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
49048684
ZJS		 614 if (r < 0 && r != -ENXIO)
615 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP: %m");
1099ceeb
LP		 616 if (r >= 0)
617 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
4f086aab
SU		 618
619 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
49048684 620 if (streq_ptr(e, "network"))
4f086aab 621 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
4f086aab 622
49048684
ZJS		 623 else if (e) {
624 r = parse_boolean(e);
625 if (r < 0)
626 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE: %m");
627
628 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
629 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
ab8ee0f2 630 }
4f086aab 631
49048684 632 return 0;
4f086aab
SU		 633}
634
49048684 635static int parse_environment(void) {
d5455d2f
LP		 636 const char *e;
637 int r;
638
49048684
ZJS		 639 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
640 if (r < 0)
641 return r;
642 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
643 if (r < 0)
644 return r;
645 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
646 if (r < 0)
647 return r;
648 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
649 if (r < 0)
650 return r;
d5455d2f 651
49048684
ZJS		 652 r = parse_mount_settings_env();
653 if (r < 0)
654 return r;
d5455d2f 655
489fae52
ZJS		 656 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
657 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
de40a303 658 if (!cg_ns_supported())
489fae52 659 arg_use_cgns = false;
de40a303
LP		 660 else {
661 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
662 if (r < 0) {
663 if (r != -ENXIO)
49048684 664 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS: %m");
de40a303
LP		 665
666 arg_use_cgns = true;
667 } else {
668 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
669 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
670 }
671 }
d5455d2f
LP		 672
673 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
674 if (e)
675 arg_container_service_name = e;
676
813dbff4
RC		 677 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_NETWORK_MAC");
678 if (e) {
679 r = parse_ether_addr(e, &arg_network_provided_mac);
680 if (r < 0)
681 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse provided MAC address via environment variable");
682 }
683
4a4654e0
LP		 684 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC");
685 if (r >= 0)
686 arg_suppress_sync = r;
687 else if (r != -ENXIO)
688 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC, ignoring: %m");
689
49048684 690 return detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
d5455d2f
LP		 691}
692
88213476 693static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
a41fe3a2 694 enum {
acbeb427
ZJS		 695 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
696 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
bc2f673e 697 ARG_UUID,
5076f0cc 698 ARG_READ_ONLY,
57fb9fb5 699 ARG_CAPABILITY,
88fc9c9b 700 ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY,
420c7379 701 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
17fe0523
LP		 702 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
703 ARG_BIND,
f4889f65 704 ARG_BIND_RO,
06c17c39 705 ARG_TMPFS,
5a8af538
LP		 706 ARG_OVERLAY,
707 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
de40a303 708 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
eb91eb18 709 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
89f7c846 710 ARG_REGISTER,
aa28aefe 711 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
69c79d3c 712 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
c74e630d 713 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
4bbfe7ad 714 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
ab046dde 715 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
22b28dfd 716 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
f6d6bad1 717 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
d7bea6b6 718 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
6afc95b7 719 ARG_PERSONALITY,
4d9f07b4 720 ARG_VOLATILE,
ec16945e 721 ARG_TEMPLATE,
f36933fe 722 ARG_PROPERTY,
6dac160c 723 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
c6c8f6e2 724 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
f757855e 725 ARG_SETTINGS,
5f932eb9 726 ARG_CHDIR,
b53ede69 727 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
7336138e 728 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
6c045a99 729 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP,
9c1e04d0 730 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
4623e8e6 731 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
89e62e0b
LP		 732 ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG,
733 ARG_VERITY_DATA,
960e4569 734 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
bf428efb 735 ARG_RLIMIT,
3a9530e5 736 ARG_HOSTNAME,
66edd963 737 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
81f345df 738 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
d107bb7d 739 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
09d423e9 740 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
1688841f 741 ARG_TIMEZONE,
de40a303
LP		 742 ARG_CONSOLE,
743 ARG_PIPE,
744 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
bb068de0 745 ARG_NO_PAGER,
3652872a
LP		 746 ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL,
747 ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL,
2f893044 748 ARG_BIND_USER,
4a4654e0 749 ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC,
84be0c71 750 ARG_IMAGE_POLICY,
3d8ba7b8 751 ARG_BACKGROUND,
a41fe3a2
LP		 752 };
753
88213476 754 static const struct option options[] = {
d7bea6b6
DP		 755 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
756 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
757 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
758 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
759 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
760 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
761 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
762 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
763 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
764 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
765 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
766 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
88fc9c9b 767 { "ambient-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY },
d7bea6b6 768 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
66edd963 769 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
d7bea6b6
DP		 770 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
771 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
772 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
773 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
774 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
775 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
de40a303 776 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
d7bea6b6 777 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
3a9530e5 778 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
d7bea6b6
DP		 779 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
780 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
781 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
782 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
783 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
784 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
785 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
786 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
787 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
788 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
789 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
790 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
791 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
792 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
793 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
794 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
795 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
796 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
797 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
798 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
799 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
800 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
6c045a99
LP		 801 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN }, /* obsolete */
802 { "private-users-ownership",required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP},
d7bea6b6
DP		 803 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
804 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
805 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
806 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
807 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
808 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
89e62e0b
LP		 809 { "root-hash-sig", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG },
810 { "verity-data", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERITY_DATA },
d7bea6b6 811 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
bf428efb 812 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
81f345df 813 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
d107bb7d 814 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
09d423e9 815 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
1688841f 816 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
de40a303
LP		 817 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
818 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
819 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
bb068de0 820 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
3652872a
LP		 821 { "set-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL },
822 { "load-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL },
2f893044 823 { "bind-user", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_USER },
4a4654e0 824 { "suppress-sync", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC },
84be0c71 825 { "image-policy", required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE_POLICY },
3d8ba7b8 826 { "background", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BACKGROUND },
eb9da376 827 {}
88213476
LP		 828 };
829
9444b1f2 830 int c, r;
a42c8b54 831 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
f757855e 832 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
88213476
LP		 833
834 assert(argc >= 0);
835 assert(argv);
836
ef9c12b1
YW		 837 /* Resetting to 0 forces the invocation of an internal initialization routine of getopt_long()
838 * that checks for GNU extensions in optstring ('-' or '+' at the beginning). */
839 optind = 0;
de40a303 840 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
88213476
LP		 841 switch (c) {
842
843 case 'h':
37ec0fdd 844 return help();
88213476 845
acbeb427 846 case ARG_VERSION:
3f6fd1ba 847 return version();
acbeb427 848
88213476 849 case 'D':
614b022c 850 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
ec16945e 851 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 852 return r;
de40a303
LP		 853
854 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
ec16945e
LP		 855 break;
856
857 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
614b022c 858 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_template);
ec16945e 859 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 860 return r;
de40a303
LP		 861
862 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
88213476
LP		 863 break;
864
1b9e5b12 865 case 'i':
614b022c 866 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
ec16945e 867 if (r < 0)
0f03c2a4 868 return r;
de40a303
LP		 869
870 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
871 break;
872
873 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
614b022c 874 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
de40a303
LP		 875 if (r < 0)
876 return r;
877
ec16945e
LP		 878 break;
879
880 case 'x':
881 arg_ephemeral = true;
a2f577fc 882 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
1b9e5b12
LP		 883 break;
884
687d0825 885 case 'u':
2fc09a9c
DM		 886 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
887 if (r < 0)
7027ff61 888 return log_oom();
687d0825 889
f757855e 890 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
687d0825
MV		 891 break;
892
22b28dfd 893 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
fee9f7b5 894 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
22b28dfd 895
b910cc72 896 j = strjoin("vz-", optarg);
22b28dfd
LP		 897 if (!j)
898 return log_oom();
899
fee9f7b5
FS		 900 if (!ifname_valid(j))
901 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
902 "Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
22b28dfd 903
df1fac6d 904 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
22b28dfd
LP		 905
906 arg_network_veth = true;
907 arg_private_network = true;
908 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
909 break;
910 }
911
ab046dde 912 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
ef76dff2 913
baaa35ad
ZJS		 914 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
915 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
916 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
ef76dff2 917
f757855e
LP		 918 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
919 if (r < 0)
920 return log_oom();
ab046dde 921
4831981d 922 _fallthrough_;
0dfaa006 923 case 'n':
69c79d3c
LP		 924 arg_network_veth = true;
925 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 926 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
69c79d3c
LP		 927 break;
928
f6d6bad1
LP		 929 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
930 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
931 if (r < 0)
932 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
933
934 arg_private_network = true;
935 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
936 break;
937
aa28aefe 938 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
2f091b1b 939 r = interface_pair_parse(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 940 if (r < 0)
941 return r;
942
c74e630d 943 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 944 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
c74e630d
LP		 945 break;
946
947 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
2f091b1b 948 r = macvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 949 if (r < 0)
950 return r;
951
4bbfe7ad 952 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 953 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
4bbfe7ad
TG		 954 break;
955
956 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
2f091b1b 957 r = ipvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg);
b390f178
DDM		 958 if (r < 0)
959 return r;
960
4831981d 961 _fallthrough_;
ff01d048
LP		 962 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
963 arg_private_network = true;
f757855e 964 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
a41fe3a2
LP		 965 break;
966
d7bea6b6 967 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
614b022c 968 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
d7bea6b6
DP		 969 if (r < 0)
970 return r;
971
de40a303 972 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
d7bea6b6
DP		 973 break;
974
0f0dbc46 975 case 'b':
baaa35ad
ZJS		 976 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
977 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
978 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
7732f92b
LP		 979
980 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
981 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
982 break;
983
984 case 'a':
baaa35ad
ZJS		 985 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
986 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
987 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
7732f92b
LP		 988
989 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
990 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
0f0dbc46
LP		 991 break;
992
144f0fc0 993 case ARG_UUID:
aea3f594
ZJS		 994 r = id128_from_string_nonzero(optarg, &arg_uuid);
995 if (r == -ENXIO)
baaa35ad
ZJS		 996 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
997 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
aea3f594
ZJS		 998 if (r < 0)
999 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
f757855e
LP		 1000
1001 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
9444b1f2 1002 break;
aa96c6cb 1003
43c3fb46
LP		 1004 case 'S': {
1005 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL;
1006
1007 r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(optarg, NULL, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN, ".slice", &mangled);
de40a303
LP		 1008 if (r < 0)
1009 return log_oom();
1010
43c3fb46 1011 free_and_replace(arg_slice, mangled);
de40a303 1012 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
144f0fc0 1013 break;
43c3fb46 1014 }
144f0fc0 1015
7027ff61 1016 case 'M':
c1521918 1017 if (isempty(optarg))
97b11eed 1018 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
c1521918 1019 else {
52ef5dd7 1020 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1021 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1022 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
7027ff61 1023
0c3c4284
LP		 1024 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
1025 if (r < 0)
eb91eb18 1026 return log_oom();
eb91eb18 1027 }
9ce6d1b3 1028 break;
7027ff61 1029
3a9530e5
LP		 1030 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1031 if (isempty(optarg))
1032 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
1033 else {
52ef5dd7 1034 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1035 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1036 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
3a9530e5
LP		 1037
1038 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1039 if (r < 0)
1040 return log_oom();
1041 }
1042
1043 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
1044 break;
1045
82adf6af
LP		 1046 case 'Z':
1047 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
a8828ed9
DW		 1048 break;
1049
82adf6af
LP		 1050 case 'L':
1051 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
a8828ed9
DW		 1052 break;
1053
bc2f673e
LP		 1054 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
1055 arg_read_only = true;
f757855e 1056 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
bc2f673e
LP		 1057 break;
1058
88fc9c9b
TH		 1059 case ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY: {
1060 uint64_t m;
1061 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1062 if (r <= 0)
1063 return r;
1064 arg_caps_ambient |= m;
1065 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1066 break;
1067 }
420c7379
LP		 1068 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
1069 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 1070 uint64_t m;
1071 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1072 if (r <= 0)
1073 return r;
5076f0cc 1074
8a99bd0c
ZJS		 1075 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
1076 plus |= m;
1077 else
1078 minus |= m;
f757855e 1079 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
5076f0cc
LP		 1080 break;
1081 }
66edd963
LP		 1082 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
1083 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1084 if (r < 0)
1085 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
1086
1087 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
1088 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1089 break;
1090
57fb9fb5
LP		 1091 case 'j':
1092 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
574edc90 1093 arg_link_journal_try = true;
4e1d6aa9 1094 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
57fb9fb5
LP		 1095 break;
1096
1097 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
4e1d6aa9 1098 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
c6147113
LP		 1099 if (r < 0)
1100 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
57fb9fb5 1101
4e1d6aa9 1102 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
57fb9fb5
LP		 1103 break;
1104
17fe0523 1105 case ARG_BIND:
f757855e
LP		 1106 case ARG_BIND_RO:
1107 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
1108 if (r < 0)
1109 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
17fe0523 1110
f757855e 1111 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
17fe0523 1112 break;
06c17c39 1113
f757855e
LP		 1114 case ARG_TMPFS:
1115 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1116 if (r < 0)
1117 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
5a8af538 1118
f757855e 1119 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
5a8af538 1120 break;
5a8af538
LP		 1121
1122 case ARG_OVERLAY:
ad85779a
LP		 1123 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
1124 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
1125 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
1126 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
1127 if (r < 0)
1128 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
06c17c39 1129
f757855e 1130 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
06c17c39 1131 break;
06c17c39 1132
de40a303
LP		 1133 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
1134 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1135 if (r < 0)
1136 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1137
1138 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1139 break;
1140
0d2a0179
ZJS		 1141 case 'E':
1142 r = strv_env_replace_strdup_passthrough(&arg_setenv, optarg);
aaf057c4 1143 if (r < 0)
0d2a0179 1144 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot assign environment variable %s: %m", optarg);
f4889f65 1145
f757855e 1146 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
f4889f65 1147 break;
f4889f65 1148
284c0b91
LP		 1149 case 'q':
1150 arg_quiet = true;
1151 break;
1152
8a96d94e 1153 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
a6b5216c 1154 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
0c582db0 1155 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
63d1c29f 1156 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
0c582db0 1157 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
8a96d94e
LP		 1158 break;
1159
eb91eb18
LP		 1160 case ARG_REGISTER:
1161 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1162 if (r < 0) {
1163 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1164 return r;
1165 }
1166
1167 arg_register = r;
1168 break;
1169
89f7c846
LP		 1170 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1171 arg_keep_unit = true;
1172 break;
1173
6afc95b7
LP		 1174 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1175
ac45f971 1176 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1177 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1178 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1179 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
6afc95b7 1180
f757855e 1181 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
6afc95b7
LP		 1182 break;
1183
4d9f07b4
LP		 1184 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1185
1186 if (!optarg)
f757855e 1187 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
5c828e66
LP		 1188 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1189 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1190 return 0;
1191 } else {
f757855e 1192 VolatileMode m;
4d9f07b4 1193
f757855e 1194 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1195 if (m < 0)
1196 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1197 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1198 else
f757855e 1199 arg_volatile_mode = m;
6d0b55c2
LP		 1200 }
1201
f757855e
LP		 1202 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1203 break;
6d0b55c2 1204
f757855e
LP		 1205 case 'p':
1206 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1207 if (r == -EEXIST)
1208 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1209 if (r < 0)
1210 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
6d0b55c2 1211
f757855e 1212 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
6d0b55c2 1213 break;
6d0b55c2 1214
f36933fe
LP		 1215 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1216 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1217 return log_oom();
1218
1219 break;
1220
ae209204 1221 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
33eac552 1222 int boolean;
0de7acce 1223
ae209204
ZJS		 1224 if (!optarg)
1225 boolean = true;
1226 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1227 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1228 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
33eac552
LP		 1229 else
1230 boolean = -1;
ae209204 1231
33eac552 1232 if (boolean == 0) {
0de7acce
LP		 1233 /* no: User namespacing off */
1234 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1235 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1236 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
33eac552 1237 } else if (boolean > 0) {
0de7acce
LP		 1238 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1239 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1240 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1241 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1242 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1243 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
6c045a99
LP		 1244 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1245 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
33eac552 1246 * further down. */
0de7acce
LP		 1247 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1248 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
33eac552
LP		 1249
1250 } else if (streq(optarg, "identity")) {
6c2d70ce 1251 /* identity: User namespaces on, UID range is map the 0…0xFFFF range to
33eac552
LP		 1252 * itself, i.e. we don't actually map anything, but do take benefit of
1253 * isolation of capability sets. */
1254 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1255 arg_uid_shift = 0;
1256 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
0de7acce 1257 } else {
0de7acce 1258 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
d4a58877 1259 r = parse_userns_uid_range(optarg, &arg_uid_shift, &arg_uid_range);
be715731 1260 if (r < 0)
d4a58877 1261 return r;
0de7acce 1262 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
58e13de5 1263 }
be715731 1264
0de7acce 1265 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c 1266 break;
ae209204 1267 }
6dac160c 1268
0de7acce 1269 case 'U':
ccabee0d 1270 if (userns_supported()) {
6c045a99
LP		 1271 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1272 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
33eac552 1273 * further down. */
ccabee0d
LP		 1274 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1275 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1276
1277 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c
LP		 1278 }
1279
7336138e
LP		 1280 break;
1281
0de7acce 1282 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
6c045a99
LP		 1283 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
1284
1285 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1286 break;
1287
1288 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP:
1289 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1290 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(user_namespace_ownership, UserNamespaceOwnership, _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAX);
1291 return 0;
1292 }
1293
1294 arg_userns_ownership = user_namespace_ownership_from_string(optarg);
1295 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1296 return log_error_errno(arg_userns_ownership, "Cannot parse --user-namespace-ownership= value: %s", optarg);
0de7acce
LP		 1297
1298 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
6dac160c
LP		 1299 break;
1300
c6c8f6e2 1301 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
5c828e66
LP		 1302 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1303 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1304 return 0;
1305 }
1306
29a3db75 1307 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1308 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
7211c853 1309 return log_error_errno(arg_kill_signal, "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
c6c8f6e2 1310
f757855e
LP		 1311 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1312 break;
1313
1314 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1315
1316 /* no → do not read files
1317 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1318 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1319 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1320 */
1321
1322 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1323 if (r < 0) {
1324 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1325 mask_all_settings = false;
1326 mask_no_settings = false;
1327 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1328
1329 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1330 mask_all_settings = false;
1331 mask_no_settings = true;
1332 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1333 } else
1334 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1335 } else if (r > 0) {
1336 /* yes */
1337 mask_all_settings = false;
1338 mask_no_settings = false;
1339 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1340 } else {
1341 /* no */
1342 mask_all_settings = true;
1343 mask_no_settings = false;
1344 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1345 }
1346
c6c8f6e2
LP		 1347 break;
1348
f94025a1
LP		 1349 case ARG_CHDIR: {
1350 _cleanup_free_ char *wd = NULL;
1351
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1352 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1353 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1354 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
5f932eb9 1355
f94025a1 1356 r = path_simplify_alloc(optarg, &wd);
5f932eb9 1357 if (r < 0)
f94025a1
LP		 1358 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to simplify path %s: %m", optarg);
1359
1360 if (!path_is_normalized(wd))
5ac03453 1361 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Working directory path is not normalized: %s", wd);
5f932eb9 1362
f94025a1
LP		 1363 if (path_below_api_vfs(wd))
1364 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Working directory is below API VFS, refusing: %s", wd);
1365
1366 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, wd);
5f932eb9
LP		 1367 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1368 break;
f94025a1 1369 }
5f932eb9 1370
b53ede69
PW		 1371 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1372 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1373 if (r < 0)
1374 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1375
1376 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1377 break;
1378
9c1e04d0
AP		 1379 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1380 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1381 if (r < 0)
1382 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1383 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
9c1e04d0
AP		 1384 arg_notify_ready = r;
1385 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1386 break;
1387
4623e8e6 1388 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
89e62e0b 1389 _cleanup_free_ void *k = NULL;
4623e8e6
LP		 1390 size_t l;
1391
bdd2036e 1392 r = unhexmem(optarg, &k, &l);
4623e8e6
LP		 1393 if (r < 0)
1394 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
89e62e0b 1395 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t))
da890466 1396 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128-bit long: %s", optarg);
4623e8e6 1397
89e62e0b
LP		 1398 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash, k);
1399 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_size = l;
4623e8e6
LP		 1400 break;
1401 }
1402
c2923fdc
LB		 1403 case ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG: {
1404 char *value;
89e62e0b
LP		 1405 size_t l;
1406 void *p;
c2923fdc
LB		 1407
1408 if ((value = startswith(optarg, "base64:"))) {
bdd2036e 1409 r = unbase64mem(value, &p, &l);
c2923fdc
LB		 1410 if (r < 0)
1411 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash signature '%s': %m", optarg);
1412
c2923fdc 1413 } else {
89e62e0b 1414 r = read_full_file(optarg, (char**) &p, &l);
c2923fdc 1415 if (r < 0)
89e62e0b 1416 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed parse root hash signature file '%s': %m", optarg);
c2923fdc
LB		 1417 }
1418
89e62e0b
LP		 1419 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig, p);
1420 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig_size = l;
c2923fdc
LB		 1421 break;
1422 }
1423
89e62e0b 1424 case ARG_VERITY_DATA:
614b022c 1425 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_verity_settings.data_path);
89e62e0b
LP		 1426 if (r < 0)
1427 return r;
1428 break;
1429
960e4569
LP		 1430 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1431 bool negative;
1432 const char *items;
1433
1434 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1435 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1436
1437 for (;;) {
1438 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1439
1440 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1441 if (r == 0)
1442 break;
1443 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1444 return log_oom();
1445 if (r < 0)
1446 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1447
1448 if (negative)
6b000af4 1449 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_deny_list, word);
960e4569 1450 else
6b000af4 1451 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_allow_list, word);
960e4569
LP		 1452 if (r < 0)
1453 return log_oom();
1454 }
1455
1456 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1457 break;
1458 }
1459
bf428efb
LP		 1460 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1461 const char *eq;
622ecfa8 1462 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
bf428efb
LP		 1463 int rl;
1464
5c828e66
LP		 1465 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1466 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1467 return 0;
1468 }
1469
bf428efb 1470 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
baaa35ad
ZJS		 1471 if (!eq)
1472 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1473 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
bf428efb
LP		 1474
1475 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1476 if (!name)
1477 return log_oom();
1478
1479 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
baaa35ad 1480 if (rl < 0)
7211c853 1481 return log_error_errno(rl, "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
bf428efb
LP		 1482
1483 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1484 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1485 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1486 return log_oom();
1487 }
1488
1489 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1490 if (r < 0)
1491 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1492
1493 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1494 break;
1495 }
1496
81f345df
LP		 1497 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1498 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1499 if (r < 0)
1500 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1501
1502 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1503 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1504 break;
1505
d107bb7d 1506 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
0985c7c4 1507 CPUSet cpuset;
d107bb7d
LP		 1508
1509 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1510 if (r < 0)
0985c7c4 1511 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
d107bb7d 1512
0985c7c4
ZJS		 1513 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1514 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
d107bb7d
LP		 1515 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1516 break;
1517 }
1518
09d423e9
LP		 1519 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1520 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1521 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1522 return 0;
1523 }
1524
1525 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1526 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
7211c853 1527 return log_error_errno(arg_resolv_conf,
baaa35ad 1528 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
09d423e9
LP		 1529
1530 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1531 break;
1532
1688841f
LP		 1533 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1534 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1535 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1536 return 0;
1537 }
1538
1539 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
baaa35ad 1540 if (arg_timezone < 0)
7211c853 1541 return log_error_errno(arg_timezone,
baaa35ad 1542 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1688841f
LP		 1543
1544 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1545 break;
1546
de40a303 1547 case ARG_CONSOLE:
dce66ffe
ZJS		 1548 r = handle_arg_console(optarg);
1549 if (r <= 0)
1550 return r;
de40a303
LP		 1551 break;
1552
1553 case 'P':
1554 case ARG_PIPE:
dce66ffe
ZJS		 1555 r = handle_arg_console("pipe");
1556 if (r <= 0)
1557 return r;
de40a303
LP		 1558 break;
1559
bb068de0
ZJS		 1560 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1561 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1562 break;
1563
e8ac916e 1564 case ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL:
bd546b9b 1565 r = machine_credential_set(&arg_credentials, optarg);
3652872a 1566 if (r < 0)
6045958b
LP		 1567 return r;
1568
3652872a
LP		 1569 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1570 break;
3652872a 1571
e8ac916e 1572 case ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL:
bd546b9b 1573 r = machine_credential_load(&arg_credentials, optarg);
3652872a 1574 if (r < 0)
6045958b 1575 return r;
3652872a
LP		 1576
1577 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1578 break;
3652872a 1579
2f893044
LP		 1580 case ARG_BIND_USER:
1581 if (!valid_user_group_name(optarg, 0))
1582 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid user name to bind: %s", optarg);
1583
1584 if (strv_extend(&arg_bind_user, optarg) < 0)
1585 return log_oom();
1586
1587 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_BIND_USER;
1588 break;
1589
4a4654e0
LP		 1590 case ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC:
1591 r = parse_boolean_argument("--suppress-sync=", optarg, &arg_suppress_sync);
1592 if (r < 0)
1593 return r;
1594
1595 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC;
1596 break;
1597
06e78680
YW		 1598 case ARG_IMAGE_POLICY:
1599 r = parse_image_policy_argument(optarg, &arg_image_policy);
84be0c71 1600 if (r < 0)
06e78680 1601 return r;
84be0c71 1602 break;
84be0c71 1603
3d8ba7b8
LP		 1604 case ARG_BACKGROUND:
1605 r = free_and_strdup_warn(&arg_background, optarg);
1606 if (r < 0)
1607 return r;
1608 break;
1609
88213476
LP		 1610 case '?':
1611 return -EINVAL;
1612
1613 default:
04499a70 1614 assert_not_reached();
88213476 1615 }
88213476 1616
60f1ec13
LP		 1617 if (argc > optind) {
1618 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1619 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1620 if (!arg_parameters)
1621 return log_oom();
d7bea6b6 1622
60f1ec13
LP		 1623 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1624 }
1625
1626 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1627 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1628 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1629 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1630 * --directory=". */
1631 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1632
2642d22a
DDM		 1633 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
1634 arg_caps_retain |= arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0;
2642d22a 1635 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
60f1ec13 1636
de40a303 1637 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
49048684
ZJS		 1638 r = parse_environment();
1639 if (r < 0)
1640 return r;
de40a303 1641
60f1ec13
LP		 1642 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1643 if (mask_no_settings)
1644 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1645
1646 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1647 if (mask_all_settings)
1648 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1649
1650 return 1;
1651}
1652
1653static int verify_arguments(void) {
1654 int r;
a6b5216c 1655
75b0d8b8
ZJS		 1656 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2 && arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
1657 /* If we are running the stub init in the container, we don't need to look at what the init
1658 * in the container supports, because we are not using it. Let's immediately pick the right
1659 * setting based on the host system configuration.
1660 *
1661 * We only do this, if the user didn't use an environment variable to override the detection.
1662 */
1663
1664 r = cg_all_unified();
1665 if (r < 0)
1666 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
1667 if (r > 0)
1668 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
1669 else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0)
1670 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
1671 else
1672 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
1673 }
1674
4f086aab
SU		 1675 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1676 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1677
1678 if (arg_private_network)
1679 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1680
48a8d337
LB		 1681 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1682 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
eb91eb18 1683 arg_register = false;
baaa35ad 1684 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
60f1ec13 1685 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
0c582db0 1686 }
eb91eb18 1687
6c045a99
LP		 1688 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1689 arg_userns_ownership =
f61c7f88 1690 arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK ? USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO :
6c045a99 1691 USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF;
0e7ac751 1692
60f1ec13
LP		 1693 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1694 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1695
e5a4bb0d
LP		 1696 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1697 arg_read_only = true;
1698
2436ea76
DDM		 1699 if (has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts))
1700 arg_read_only = true;
1701
baaa35ad 1702 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
8d9c2bca
AJ		 1703 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1704 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
60f1ec13 1705 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
89f7c846 1706
baaa35ad 1707 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
60f1ec13 1708 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1b9e5b12 1709
baaa35ad 1710 if (arg_template && arg_image)
60f1ec13 1711 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
8cd328d8 1712
baaa35ad 1713 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
60f1ec13 1714 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
ec16945e 1715
baaa35ad 1716 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
60f1ec13 1717 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
ec16945e 1718
00fcd79e
IS		 1719 /* Permit --ephemeral with --link-journal=try-* to satisfy principle of the least astonishment
1720 * (by common sense, "try" means "do not fail if not possible") */
1721 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO) && !arg_link_journal_try)
1722 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal={host,guest} may not be combined.");
df9a75e4 1723
baaa35ad 1724 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
60f1ec13 1725 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
7336138e 1726
6c045a99 1727 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_read_only)
de40a303 1728 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
6c045a99 1729 "--read-only and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
f757855e 1730
6c045a99
LP		 1731 /* We don't support --private-users-ownership=chown together with any of the volatile modes since we
1732 * couldn't change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a
1733 * massive copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1734 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1735 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
e5a4bb0d 1736
679ecd36
SZ		 1737 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option (except --private-network),
1738 * we need to error out, to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
60f1ec13
LP		 1739 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1740 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1741 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1742 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
679ecd36 1743 arg_network_veth))
de40a303 1744 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
86c0dd4a 1745
60f1ec13 1746 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
de40a303
LP		 1747 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1748 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
f757855e 1749
baaa35ad 1750 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
60f1ec13 1751 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
4f086aab 1752
baaa35ad 1753 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
60f1ec13 1754 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
f757855e 1755
baaa35ad 1756 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
60f1ec13 1757 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
6d0b55c2 1758
88fc9c9b 1759 if (arg_caps_ambient) {
f5fbe71d 1760 if (arg_caps_ambient == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b
TH		 1761 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= does not support the value all.");
1762
1763 if ((arg_caps_ambient & arg_caps_retain) != arg_caps_ambient)
1764 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not fully covered by Capability= setting.");
1765
1766 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
1767 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not useful for boot mode.");
1768 }
1769
2f893044
LP		 1770 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !strv_isempty(arg_bind_user))
1771 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--bind-user= requires --private-users");
1772
1773 /* Drop duplicate --bind-user= entries */
1774 strv_uniq(arg_bind_user);
1775
60f1ec13
LP		 1776 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1777 if (r < 0)
1778 return r;
c6c8f6e2 1779
f757855e 1780 return 0;
88213476
LP		 1781}
1782
2f091b1b
TM		 1783static int verify_network_interfaces_initialized(void) {
1784 int r;
1785 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_interfaces);
1786 if (r < 0)
1787 return r;
1788
1789 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_macvlan);
1790 if (r < 0)
1791 return r;
1792
1793 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_ipvlan);
1794 if (r < 0)
1795 return r;
1796
1797 return 0;
1798}
1799
91181e07 1800int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 1801 assert(p);
1802
0de7acce 1803 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
03cfe0d5
LP		 1804 return 0;
1805
1806 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1807 return 0;
1808
1809 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1810 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1811
1812 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1813 return -EOVERFLOW;
1814 }
1815
1816 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1817 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1818
1819 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1820 return -EOVERFLOW;
1821 }
1822
7c248223 1823 return RET_NERRNO(lchown(p, uid, gid));
b12afc8c
LP		 1824}
1825
91181e07 1826int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
03cfe0d5 1827 const char *q;
dae8b82e 1828 int r;
03cfe0d5
LP		 1829
1830 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
3f692e2e 1831 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(q, mode));
dae8b82e
ZJS		 1832 if (r == -EEXIST)
1833 return 0;
1834 if (r < 0)
1835 return r;
03cfe0d5
LP		 1836
1837 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1838}
1839
1688841f 1840static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
da9fc98d
LP		 1841 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1842 path,
1843 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1844 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1688841f
LP		 1845}
1846
83205269
LP		 1847static bool etc_writable(void) {
1848 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1849}
1850
e58a1277 1851static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1688841f
LP		 1852 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1853 const char *where, *check;
1854 TimezoneMode m;
d4036145 1855 int r;
f8440af5 1856
e58a1277
LP		 1857 assert(dest);
1858
1688841f 1859 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1688841f
LP		 1860 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1861 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
83205269 1862 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1688841f 1863 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
83205269 1864 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1688841f
LP		 1865 else if (r < 0) {
1866 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1867 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1868 * file.
1869 *
1870 * Example:
1871 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1872 */
1873 return 0;
1874 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
83205269 1875 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1688841f
LP		 1876 else
1877 m = arg_timezone;
1878 } else
1879 m = arg_timezone;
1880
1881 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1882 return 0;
1883
f461a28d 1884 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
d4036145 1885 if (r < 0) {
1688841f 1886 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
d4036145
LP		 1887 return 0;
1888 }
1889
1688841f
LP		 1890 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1891
1892 switch (m) {
1893
1894 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1895 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1896 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1897
d4036145 1898 return 0;
d4036145 1899
1688841f
LP		 1900 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1901 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1902 const char *z, *what;
4d1c38b8 1903
1688841f
LP		 1904 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1905 if (!z) {
1906 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
d4036145 1907 return 0;
1688841f 1908 }
d4036145 1909
1688841f
LP		 1910 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1911 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1912 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1913
1914 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
f461a28d 1915 r = chase(check, dest, 0, NULL, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1916 if (r < 0)
1917 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
1918 else {
1919 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1920 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1921 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
1922 return 0;
1923 }
1924
1925 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1926 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
1927 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
1928 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1929 return 0;
1930 }
1931
1932 break;
1933 }
1934
1935 _fallthrough_;
d4036145 1936 }
68fb0892 1937
1688841f
LP		 1938 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
1939 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
1940 int found;
1941
f461a28d 1942 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1943 if (found < 0) {
1944 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
1945 return 0;
1946 }
1947
1948 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
1949 (void) touch(resolved);
1950
511a8cfe 1951 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1688841f 1952 if (r >= 0)
511a8cfe 1953 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1688841f
LP		 1954
1955 _fallthrough_;
79d80fc1 1956 }
4d9f07b4 1957
1688841f
LP		 1958 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
1959 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
7c2f5495 1960 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
1688841f
LP		 1961 if (r < 0) {
1962 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1963 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
1964 return 0;
1965 }
1966
1967 break;
1968
1969 default:
04499a70 1970 assert_not_reached();
d4036145 1971 }
e58a1277 1972
1688841f 1973 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
03cfe0d5
LP		 1974 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
1975 if (r < 0)
1688841f 1976 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
03cfe0d5 1977
e58a1277 1978 return 0;
88213476
LP		 1979}
1980
09d423e9
LP		 1981static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
1982 assert(path);
1983
1984 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
1985 if (errno == ENOENT)
1986 return 0;
1987
1988 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
1989 }
1990
1991 return 1;
1992}
1993
7357272e 1994static int resolved_listening(void) {
b8ea7a6e 1995 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
b053cd5f 1996 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
7357272e 1997 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
b053cd5f
LP		 1998 int r;
1999
7357272e 2000 /* Check if resolved is listening */
b053cd5f
LP		 2001
2002 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
2003 if (r < 0)
b8ea7a6e 2004 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
b053cd5f 2005
7357272e 2006 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
b8ea7a6e
LP		 2007 if (r < 0)
2008 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
2009 if (r == 0)
2010 return 0;
7357272e 2011
7f8a85e6 2012 r = bus_get_property_string(bus, bus_resolve_mgr, "DNSStubListener", &error, &dns_stub_listener_mode);
7357272e 2013 if (r < 0)
b8ea7a6e 2014 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
7357272e
DM		 2015
2016 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
b053cd5f
LP		 2017}
2018
2547bb41 2019static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
09d423e9
LP		 2020 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
2021 const char *where, *what;
2022 ResolvConfMode m;
2023 int r;
2547bb41
LP		 2024
2025 assert(dest);
2026
09d423e9
LP		 2027 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
2028 if (arg_private_network)
2029 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
86775e35
LP		 2030 else if (have_resolv_conf(PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
2031 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB;
09d423e9 2032 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
83205269 2033 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
09d423e9 2034 else
83205269 2035 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
86775e35 2036
09d423e9
LP		 2037 } else
2038 m = arg_resolv_conf;
2039
2040 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
2547bb41
LP		 2041 return 0;
2042
f461a28d 2043 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
87447ae4
LP		 2044 if (r < 0) {
2045 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
2046 return 0;
2047 }
2048
2049 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
09d423e9
LP		 2050
2051 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
2052 if (unlink(where) < 0)
2053 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
2054
87447ae4
LP		 2055 return 0;
2056 }
79d80fc1 2057
86775e35
LP		 2058 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
2059 what = PRIVATE_STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
2060 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK))
2061 what = PRIVATE_UPLINK_RESOLV_CONF;
2062 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB))
2063 what = PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF;
09d423e9
LP		 2064 else
2065 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
87447ae4 2066
86775e35 2067 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB)) {
09d423e9
LP		 2068 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2069 int found;
2070
d404c8d8 2071 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT|CHASE_NOFOLLOW, &resolved, NULL);
09d423e9
LP		 2072 if (found < 0) {
2073 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
2074 return 0;
2075 }
3539724c 2076
87447ae4
LP		 2077 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2078 (void) touch(resolved);
5367354d 2079
511a8cfe 2080 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48 2081 if (r >= 0)
511a8cfe 2082 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
86775e35
LP		 2083
2084 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
3539724c
LP		 2085 }
2086
86775e35 2087 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB))
7c2f5495 2088 r = copy_file_atomic(what, where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
86775e35 2089 else
7c2f5495 2090 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, COPY_REFLINK);
79d80fc1 2091 if (r < 0) {
3539724c
LP		 2092 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
2093 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
68a313c5 2094 *
3539724c 2095 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
68a313c5 2096 */
86775e35
LP		 2097 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB) &&
2098 IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
3539724c 2099 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
79d80fc1
TG		 2100 return 0;
2101 }
2547bb41 2102
03cfe0d5
LP		 2103 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2104 if (r < 0)
3539724c 2105 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
03cfe0d5 2106
2547bb41
LP		 2107 return 0;
2108}
2109
1e4f1671 2110static int setup_boot_id(void) {
cdde6ba6
LP		 2111 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2112 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
3bbaff3e 2113 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
cdde6ba6 2114 const char *to;
04bc4a3f
LP		 2115 int r;
2116
1eacc470 2117 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
04bc4a3f 2118
1eacc470 2119 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
cdde6ba6
LP		 2120 if (r < 0)
2121 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
04bc4a3f
LP		 2122
2123 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
f647962d
MS		 2124 if (r < 0)
2125 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
04bc4a3f 2126
b40c8ebd 2127 r = id128_write(path, ID128_FORMAT_UUID, rnd);
f647962d
MS		 2128 if (r < 0)
2129 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
04bc4a3f 2130
cdde6ba6
LP		 2131 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
2132 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
2133
511a8cfe 2134 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
cdde6ba6
LP		 2135 if (r < 0)
2136 return r;
04bc4a3f 2137
511a8cfe 2138 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
04bc4a3f
LP		 2139}
2140
e58a1277 2141static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
88213476
LP		 2142 static const char devnodes[] =
2143 "null\0"
2144 "zero\0"
2145 "full\0"
2146 "random\0"
2147 "urandom\0"
85614d66
TG		 2148 "tty\0"
2149 "net/tun\0";
88213476 2150
e58a1277 2151 int r = 0;
a258bf26
LP		 2152
2153 assert(dest);
124640f1 2154
52f05ef2 2155 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
88213476 2156
03cfe0d5
LP		 2157 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
2158 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
2159 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
2160
88213476 2161 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
7fd1b19b 2162 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
7f112f50 2163 struct stat st;
88213476 2164
c6134d3e 2165 from = path_join("/dev/", d);
8967f291
LP		 2166 if (!from)
2167 return log_oom();
2168
c6134d3e 2169 to = path_join(dest, from);
8967f291
LP		 2170 if (!to)
2171 return log_oom();
88213476
LP		 2172
2173 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
2174
4a62c710
MS		 2175 if (errno != ENOENT)
2176 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
88213476 2177
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2178 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
2179 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2180 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
2181 else {
8dfce114
LP		 2182 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
2183
81f5049b 2184 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
8dbf71ec 2185 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
41eb4362 2186 if (errno == EEXIST)
1f87cc8c 2187 log_notice("%s/dev/ is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev/ is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
81f5049b
AC		 2188 if (errno != EPERM)
2189 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
2190
8dfce114 2191 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
81f5049b
AC		 2192 r = touch(to);
2193 if (r < 0)
2194 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
511a8cfe 2195 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2196 if (r < 0)
2197 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
81f5049b 2198 }
6278cf60 2199
03cfe0d5
LP		 2200 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
2201 if (r < 0)
2202 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
8dfce114 2203
657ee2d8 2204 dn = path_join("/dev", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
8dfce114
LP		 2205 if (!dn)
2206 return log_oom();
2207
2208 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
2209 if (r < 0)
2210 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
2211
2212 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
2213 return log_oom();
2214
c6134d3e 2215 prefixed = path_join(dest, sl);
8dfce114
LP		 2216 if (!prefixed)
2217 return log_oom();
2218
2d9b74ba 2219 t = path_join("..", d);
8dfce114
LP		 2220 if (!t)
2221 return log_oom();
2222
2223 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
2224 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
88213476 2225 }
88213476
LP		 2226 }
2227
e58a1277
LP		 2228 return r;
2229}
88213476 2230
de40a303 2231static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
de40a303
LP		 2232 size_t i;
2233 int r;
2234
52f05ef2 2235 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
de40a303
LP		 2236
2237 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
2238 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2239 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
2240
c6134d3e 2241 path = path_join(dest, n->path);
de40a303
LP		 2242 if (!path)
2243 return log_oom();
2244
2245 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
2246 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
2247
2248 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
2249 if (r < 0)
2250 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
2251 }
2252
2253 return 0;
2254}
2255
03cfe0d5
LP		 2256static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
2257 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
2258 const char *p;
709f6e46 2259 int r;
03cfe0d5 2260
349cc4a5 2261#if HAVE_SELINUX
03cfe0d5
LP		 2262 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
2263 (void) asprintf(&options,
3dce8915 2264 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
03cfe0d5
LP		 2265 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2266 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2267 else
2268#endif
2269 (void) asprintf(&options,
3dce8915 2270 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
03cfe0d5 2271 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
f2d88580 2272
03cfe0d5 2273 if (!options)
f2d88580
LP		 2274 return log_oom();
2275
03cfe0d5 2276 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
cc9fce65 2277 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
3f692e2e 2278 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
dae8b82e
ZJS		 2279 if (r < 0)
2280 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2281
511a8cfe 2282 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2283 if (r < 0)
2284 return r;
709f6e46
MS		 2285 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2286 if (r < 0)
2287 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 2288
2289 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2290 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
4a62c710
MS		 2291 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2292 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
709f6e46
MS		 2293 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2294 if (r < 0)
2295 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
f2d88580 2296
03cfe0d5
LP		 2297 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2298 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
709f6e46
MS		 2299 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2300 if (r < 0)
2301 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
6278cf60 2302
f2d88580
LP		 2303 return 0;
2304}
2305
3acc84eb 2306static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
5bb1d7fb 2307 _cleanup_close_ int terminal = -EBADF;
e58a1277 2308 int r;
e58a1277 2309
335d2ead
LP		 2310 /* We open the TTY in O_NOCTTY mode, so that we do not become controller yet. We'll do that later
2311 * explicitly, if we are configured to. */
2312 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
3acc84eb
FB		 2313 if (terminal < 0)
2314 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
e58a1277 2315
3acc84eb
FB		 2316 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2317 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2318 r = log_dup_console();
2319 if (r < 0)
2320 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
de40a303 2321
3acc84eb
FB		 2322 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2323 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2fef50cd 2324 TAKE_FD(terminal);
f647962d 2325 if (r < 0)
3acc84eb
FB		 2326 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2327
2328 return 0;
2329}
88213476 2330
3acc84eb
FB		 2331static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2332 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2333 int r;
a258bf26 2334
3acc84eb
FB		 2335 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2336 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
81f5049b 2337 if (r < 0)
3acc84eb
FB		 2338 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2339
2340 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2341 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
a258bf26 2342
3acc84eb 2343 return 0;
e58a1277
LP		 2344}
2345
8e5430c4
LP		 2346static int setup_keyring(void) {
2347 key_serial_t keyring;
2348
6b000af4
LP		 2349 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session
2350 * systemd-nspawn was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block
2351 * keyctl() and request_key() anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary,
2352 * but in case people explicitly allow-list these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything
2353 * into the container. */
8e5430c4
LP		 2354
2355 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2356 if (keyring == -1) {
2357 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2358 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
065b4774 2359 else if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
8e5430c4
LP		 2360 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2361 else
2362 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2363 }
2364
2365 return 0;
2366}
2367
32fa2458
LP		 2368int make_run_host(const char *root) {
2369 int r;
2370
2371 assert(root);
2372
2373 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2374 if (r < 0)
2375 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/: %m");
2376
2377 return 0;
2378}
2379
3652872a
LP		 2380static int setup_credentials(const char *root) {
2381 const char *q;
2382 int r;
2383
bd546b9b 2384 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials == 0)
3652872a
LP		 2385 return 0;
2386
32fa2458 2387 r = make_run_host(root);
3652872a 2388 if (r < 0)
32fa2458 2389 return r;
3652872a
LP		 2390
2391 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/credentials", 0700, 0, 0);
2392 if (r < 0)
2393 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/credentials: %m");
2394
2395 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/credentials");
511a8cfe 2396 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, "ramfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0700");
3652872a
LP		 2397 if (r < 0)
2398 return r;
2399
bd546b9b 2400 FOREACH_ARRAY(cred, arg_credentials.credentials, arg_credentials.n_credentials) {
3652872a 2401 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
254d1313 2402 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3652872a 2403
bd546b9b 2404 j = path_join(q, cred->id);
3652872a
LP		 2405 if (!j)
2406 return log_oom();
2407
2408 fd = open(j, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2409 if (fd < 0)
2410 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create credential file %s: %m", j);
2411
bd546b9b 2412 r = loop_write(fd, cred->data, cred->size);
3652872a
LP		 2413 if (r < 0)
2414 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write credential to file %s: %m", j);
2415
2416 if (fchmod(fd, 0400) < 0)
2417 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", j);
2418
2419 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2420 if (fchown(fd, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift) < 0)
2421 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust ownership of %s: %m", j);
2422 }
2423 }
2424
2425 if (chmod(q, 0500) < 0)
2426 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", q);
2427
2428 r = userns_lchown(q, 0, 0);
2429 if (r < 0)
2430 return r;
2431
2432 /* Make both mount and superblock read-only now */
511a8cfe 2433 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
3652872a
LP		 2434 if (r < 0)
2435 return r;
2436
511a8cfe 2437 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0500");
3652872a
LP		 2438}
2439
5d9d3fcb 2440static int setup_kmsg(int fd_inner_socket) {
9ec5a93c
LP		 2441 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2442 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
254d1313 2443 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
9ec5a93c 2444 int r;
e58a1277 2445
5d9d3fcb 2446 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
a258bf26 2447
52f05ef2 2448 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
a258bf26 2449
30fd9a2d 2450 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as a temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
9ec5a93c
LP		 2451 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2452 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2453 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2454
1eacc470 2455 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
9ec5a93c
LP		 2456 if (r < 0)
2457 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
e58a1277 2458
9ec5a93c 2459 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
03cfe0d5 2460 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
9ec5a93c
LP		 2461
2462 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
9ec5a93c 2463
511a8cfe 2464 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2465 if (r < 0)
2466 return r;
e58a1277 2467
669fc4e5 2468 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
4a62c710
MS		 2469 if (fd < 0)
2470 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
e58a1277 2471
9ec5a93c 2472 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
5d9d3fcb 2473 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, fd, 0);
d9603714
DH		 2474 if (r < 0)
2475 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
a258bf26 2476
25ea79fe 2477 return 0;
88213476
LP		 2478}
2479
761cf19d 2480struct ExposeArgs {
deff68e7
FW		 2481 union in_addr_union address4;
2482 union in_addr_union address6;
761cf19d
FW		 2483 struct FirewallContext *fw_ctx;
2484};
2485
1c4baffc 2486static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
99534007 2487 struct ExposeArgs *args = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
6d0b55c2
LP		 2488
2489 assert(rtnl);
2490 assert(m);
6d0b55c2 2491
fb9044cb
LP		 2492 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &args->address4);
2493 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &args->address6);
6d0b55c2
LP		 2494 return 0;
2495}
2496
3a74cea5 2497static int setup_hostname(void) {
c818eef1 2498 int r;
3a74cea5 2499
0c582db0 2500 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
eb91eb18
LP		 2501 return 0;
2502
c818eef1
LP		 2503 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2504 if (r < 0)
2505 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
3a74cea5 2506
7027ff61 2507 return 0;
3a74cea5
LP		 2508}
2509
57fb9fb5 2510static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
0f5e1382 2511 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
5980d463 2512 const char *p, *q;
b2238e38 2513 sd_id128_t this_id;
8054d749 2514 bool try;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2515 int r;
2516
df9a75e4
LP		 2517 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2518 if (arg_ephemeral)
2519 return 0;
2520
8054d749
LP		 2521 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2522 return 0;
2523
2524 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2525
4d680aee 2526 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
f647962d
MS		 2527 if (r < 0)
2528 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
4d680aee 2529
e01ff70a 2530 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
8054d749 2531 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
85b55869 2532 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
8054d749 2533 if (try)
4d680aee 2534 return 0;
df9a75e4 2535 return -EEXIST;
4d680aee
ZJS		 2536 }
2537
369ca6da
ZJS		 2538 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2539 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2540 if (r < 0) {
2541 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2542 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2543 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2544 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2545 }
2546 }
03cfe0d5 2547
85b55869 2548 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
03cfe0d5 2549 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
27407a01 2550
b409aacb 2551 if (path_is_mount_point(p) > 0) {
8054d749
LP		 2552 if (try)
2553 return 0;
27407a01 2554
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2555 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2556 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2557 }
2558
b409aacb 2559 if (path_is_mount_point(q) > 0) {
8054d749
LP		 2560 if (try)
2561 return 0;
57fb9fb5 2562
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2563 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2564 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2565 }
2566
2567 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2568 if (r >= 0) {
3742095b 2569 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
57fb9fb5
LP		 2570 path_equal(d, q)) {
2571
03cfe0d5 2572 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
27407a01 2573 if (r < 0)
709f6e46 2574 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
27407a01 2575 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2576 }
2577
4a62c710
MS		 2578 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2579 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2580 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2581
2582 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2583 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2584
27407a01
ZJS		 2585 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2586 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2587 return r;
4314d33f
MS		 2588 } else
2589 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5 2590 }
4314d33f
MS		 2591 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2592 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2593
2594 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2595
2596 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
8054d749 2597 if (try) {
56f64d95 2598 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
574edc90 2599 return 0;
4314d33f
MS		 2600 } else
2601 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2602 }
2603
03cfe0d5 2604 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
27407a01 2605 if (r < 0)
709f6e46 2606 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
27407a01 2607 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2608 }
2609
2610 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
ccddd104 2611 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
574edc90 2612 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
ba8e6c4d 2613
3f692e2e 2614 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
dae8b82e 2615 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
8054d749 2616 if (try) {
dae8b82e 2617 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
574edc90 2618 return 0;
4314d33f 2619 } else
dae8b82e 2620 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
57fb9fb5
LP		 2621 }
2622
27407a01
ZJS		 2623 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2624 return 0;
57fb9fb5 2625
db55bbf2 2626 if (dir_is_empty(q, /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) == 0)
cdb2b9d0
LP		 2627 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2628
03cfe0d5 2629 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
709f6e46
MS		 2630 if (r < 0)
2631 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
57fb9fb5 2632
511a8cfe 2633 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48 2634 if (r < 0)
4a62c710 2635 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
57fb9fb5 2636
27407a01 2637 return 0;
57fb9fb5
LP		 2638}
2639
de40a303
LP		 2640static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2641 CapabilityQuintet q;
2642
2643 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2644 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2645 * arg_caps_retain. */
2646
2647 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2648 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2649
f5fbe71d 2650 if (q.bounding == UINT64_MAX)
de40a303
LP		 2651 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2652
f5fbe71d 2653 if (q.effective == UINT64_MAX)
de40a303
LP		 2654 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2655
f5fbe71d 2656 if (q.inheritable == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b 2657 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
de40a303 2658
f5fbe71d 2659 if (q.permitted == UINT64_MAX)
88fc9c9b 2660 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
de40a303 2661
f5fbe71d 2662 if (q.ambient == UINT64_MAX && ambient_capabilities_supported())
88fc9c9b 2663 q.ambient = arg_caps_ambient;
f66ad460
AZ		 2664
2665 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2666 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Cannot set capabilities that are not in the current bounding set.");
2667
2668 } else {
de40a303
LP		 2669 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2670 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2671 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
88fc9c9b
TH		 2672 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2673 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
f5fbe71d 2674 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? arg_caps_ambient : UINT64_MAX,
de40a303
LP		 2675 };
2676
f66ad460
AZ		 2677 /* If we're not using OCI, proceed with mangled capabilities (so we don't error out)
2678 * in order to maintain the same behavior as systemd < 242. */
2679 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
0ccdaa79
JT		 2680 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2681 "Some capabilities will not be set because they are not in the current bounding set.");
f66ad460
AZ		 2682
2683 }
2684
de40a303 2685 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
88213476
LP		 2686}
2687
db999e0f
LP		 2688static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2689 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2690 int r;
2691
0c582db0 2692 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
db999e0f
LP		 2693 return 0;
2694
2695 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
13e8ceb8 2696 if (r == -ENOENT)
db999e0f 2697 return 0;
f647962d
MS		 2698 if (r < 0)
2699 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
db999e0f
LP		 2700
2701 /* Already reset? */
2702 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2703 return 0;
2704
57512c89 2705 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
db999e0f 2706 if (r < 0) {
10a87006
LP		 2707 log_error_errno(r,
2708 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2709 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2710 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2711 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2712 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
77b6e194 2713
db999e0f 2714 sleep(5);
77b6e194 2715 }
db999e0f
LP		 2716
2717 return 0;
77b6e194
LP		 2718}
2719
e79581dd 2720static int mount_tunnel_dig(const char *root) {
785890ac 2721 const char *p, *q;
709f6e46 2722 int r;
785890ac
LP		 2723
2724 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2725 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
63c372cb 2726 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
785890ac
LP		 2727 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2728
32fa2458 2729 r = make_run_host(root);
709f6e46 2730 if (r < 0)
32fa2458 2731 return r;
03cfe0d5 2732
e79581dd 2733 r = userns_mkdir(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, 0600, 0, 0);
709f6e46 2734 if (r < 0)
e79581dd 2735 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create "NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL": %m");
03cfe0d5 2736
e79581dd 2737 q = prefix_roota(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL);
511a8cfe 2738 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2739 if (r < 0)
2740 return r;
785890ac 2741
511a8cfe 2742 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 2743 if (r < 0)
2744 return r;
785890ac 2745
e79581dd
CB		 2746 return 0;
2747}
2748
2749static int mount_tunnel_open(void) {
2750 int r;
2751
2752 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2753 if (r < 0)
2754 return r;
2755
2756 return 0;
785890ac
LP		 2757}
2758
317feb4d 2759static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
3bbaff3e 2760 int r;
e01ff70a 2761
317feb4d
LP		 2762 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2763 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2764 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2765 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2766 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2767 * container behaves nicely). */
2768
319477f1 2769 r = id128_get_machine(directory, &arg_uuid);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 2770 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_MACHINE_ID_UNSET(r)) {
2771 /* If the file is missing, empty, or uninitialized, we don't mind */
317feb4d
LP		 2772 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2773 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2774 if (r < 0)
2775 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2776 }
bb44fd07
ZJS		 2777 } else if (r < 0)
2778 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
691675ba 2779
e01ff70a
MS		 2780 return 0;
2781}
2782
7336138e
LP		 2783static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2784 int r;
2785
2786 assert(directory);
2787
6c045a99 2788 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN)
7336138e
LP		 2789 return 0;
2790
2791 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2792 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2793 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2794 if (r == -EBADE)
2795 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2796 if (r < 0)
2797 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2798 if (r == 0)
2799 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2800 else
2801 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2802
2803 return r;
2804}
2805
113cea80 2806/*
6d416b9c
LS		 2807 * Return values:
2808 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2809 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2810 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2811 * container argument.
2812 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2813 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
919699ec
LP		 2814 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2815 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
6d416b9c
LS		 2816 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2817 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2818 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
113cea80 2819 *
6d416b9c
LS		 2820 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2821 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
113cea80
DH		 2822 */
2823static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
113cea80 2824 siginfo_t status;
919699ec 2825 int r;
113cea80
DH		 2826
2827 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
f647962d
MS		 2828 if (r < 0)
2829 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
113cea80
DH		 2830
2831 switch (status.si_code) {
fddbb89c 2832
113cea80 2833 case CLD_EXITED:
b5a2179b 2834 if (status.si_status == 0)
919699ec 2835 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
b5a2179b 2836 else
919699ec 2837 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
fddbb89c 2838
919699ec
LP		 2839 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2840 return status.si_status;
113cea80
DH		 2841
2842 case CLD_KILLED:
2843 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
919699ec 2844 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2845 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
919699ec
LP		 2846 return 0;
2847
113cea80 2848 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
919699ec 2849 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2850 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
919699ec 2851 return 0;
113cea80 2852 }
919699ec 2853
4831981d 2854 _fallthrough_;
113cea80 2855 case CLD_DUMPED:
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2856 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2857 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
113cea80
DH		 2858
2859 default:
baaa35ad
ZJS		 2860 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2861 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
113cea80 2862 }
113cea80
DH		 2863}
2864
023fb90b
LP		 2865static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2866 pid_t pid;
2867
4a0b58c4 2868 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
023fb90b 2869 if (pid > 0) {
c6c8f6e2 2870 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
023fb90b
LP		 2871 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2872 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2873 return 0;
2874 }
2875 }
2876
2877 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2878 return 0;
2879}
2880
6916b164 2881static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
abdb9b08
LP		 2882 pid_t pid;
2883
2884 assert(s);
2885 assert(ssi);
2886
2887 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2888
6916b164
AU		 2889 for (;;) {
2890 siginfo_t si = {};
abdb9b08 2891
6916b164
AU		 2892 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2893 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2894 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2895 break;
abdb9b08 2896 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
6916b164
AU		 2897 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2898 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2899 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2900 break;
2901 }
abdb9b08 2902
6916b164
AU		 2903 /* Reap all other children. */
2904 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2905 }
2906
2907 return 0;
2908}
2909
abdb9b08
LP		 2910static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2911 pid_t pid;
2912
2913 assert(m);
2914
2915 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2916
2917 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2918 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2919 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2920 } else {
2921 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2922 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2923 }
2924
2925 return 0;
2926}
2927
300a03be
LP		 2928static int pick_paths(void) {
2929 int r;
2930
2931 if (arg_directory) {
2932 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2933 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2934
2935 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2936
2937 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2938 &arg_directory,
2939 &filter,
2940 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2941 &result);
2942 if (r < 0) {
2943 /* Accept ENOENT here so that the --template= logic can work */
2944 if (r != -ENOENT)
2945 return r;
2946 } else
2947 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2948 }
2949
2950 if (arg_image) {
2951 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2952 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_raw;
2953
2954 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2955
2956 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2957 &arg_image,
2958 &filter,
2959 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2960 &result);
2961 if (r < 0)
2962 return r;
2963
2964 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2965 }
2966
2967 if (arg_template) {
2968 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2969 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2970
2971 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2972
2973 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2974 &arg_template,
2975 &filter,
2976 PICK_ARCHITECTURE,
2977 &result);
2978 if (r < 0)
2979 return r;
2980
2981 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2982 }
2983
2984 return 0;
2985}
2986
ec16945e 2987static int determine_names(void) {
1b9cebf6 2988 int r;
ec16945e 2989
c1521918
LP		 2990 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
2991
300a03be
LP		 2992 /* If --template= was specified then we should not search for a machine, but instead create a
2993 * new one in /var/lib/machine. */
c1521918 2994
657ee2d8 2995 arg_directory = path_join("/var/lib/machines", arg_machine);
c1521918
LP		 2996 if (!arg_directory)
2997 return log_oom();
2998 }
2999
ec16945e 3000 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
1b9cebf6
LP		 3001 if (arg_machine) {
3002 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
3003
d577d4a4 3004 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, NULL, &i);
3a6ce860
LP		 3005 if (r == -ENOENT)
3006 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
1b9cebf6
LP		 3007 if (r < 0)
3008 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
1b9cebf6 3009
eb38edce 3010 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
0f03c2a4 3011 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
1b9cebf6 3012 else
0f03c2a4 3013 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
1b9cebf6 3014 if (r < 0)
0f3be6ca 3015 return log_oom();
1b9cebf6 3016
aee327b8
LP		 3017 if (!arg_ephemeral)
3018 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
d7249575
LP		 3019 } else {
3020 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
3021 if (r < 0)
3022 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
3023 }
ec16945e 3024
c6147113
LP		 3025 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
3026 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
ec16945e
LP		 3027 }
3028
3029 if (!arg_machine) {
710dcce1 3030 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/")) {
b9ba4dab 3031 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
710dcce1
SL		 3032 if (!arg_machine)
3033 return log_oom();
3034 } else if (arg_image) {
e9b88a6d 3035 char *e;
4827ab48 3036
b36e39d2
LP		 3037 r = path_extract_filename(arg_image, &arg_machine);
3038 if (r < 0)
3039 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_image);
4827ab48 3040
e9b88a6d
LP		 3041 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
3042 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
3043 if (e)
3044 *e = 0;
b36e39d2
LP		 3045 } else {
3046 r = path_extract_filename(arg_directory, &arg_machine);
3047 if (r < 0)
3048 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_directory);
3049 }
ec16945e 3050
ae691c1d 3051 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
52ef5dd7 3052 if (!hostname_is_valid(arg_machine, 0))
c6147113 3053 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
b9ba4dab 3054
3603f151
LB		 3055 /* Copy the machine name before the random suffix is added below, otherwise we won't be able
3056 * to match fixed config file names. */
3057 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3058 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3059 return log_oom();
3060
e9b88a6d
LP		 3061 /* Add a random suffix when this is an ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
3062 * instances at once without manually having to specify -M each time. */
3063 if (arg_ephemeral)
3064 if (strextendf(&arg_machine, "-%016" PRIx64, random_u64()) < 0)
b9ba4dab 3065 return log_oom();
3603f151
LB		 3066 } else {
3067 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3068 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3069 return log_oom();
ec16945e
LP		 3070 }
3071
3072 return 0;
3073}
3074
f461a28d 3075static int chase_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
3f342ec4
LP		 3076 char *chased;
3077 int r;
3078
3079 assert(p);
3080
3081 if (!*p)
3082 return 0;
3083
f461a28d 3084 r = chase(*p, NULL, flags, &chased, NULL);
3f342ec4
LP		 3085 if (r < 0)
3086 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
3087
a5648b80 3088 return free_and_replace(*p, chased);
3f342ec4
LP		 3089}
3090
03cfe0d5 3091static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
6dac160c 3092
0de7acce 3093 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
03cfe0d5 3094 arg_uid_shift = 0;
6dac160c 3095 return 0;
03cfe0d5 3096 }
6dac160c
LP		 3097
3098 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
3099 struct stat st;
3100
993da6d4
LP		 3101 /* Read the UID shift off the image. Maybe we can reuse this to avoid chowning. */
3102
3103 if (stat(directory, &st) < 0)
03cfe0d5 3104 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
6dac160c
LP		 3105
3106 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
3107
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3108 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
3109 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3110 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
6dac160c
LP		 3111
3112 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
f61c7f88
LP		 3113
3114 if (arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3115 /* If the image is shifted already, then we'll fall back to classic chowning, for
3116 * compatibility (and simplicity), or refuse if mapping is explicitly requested. */
3117
3118 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) {
3119 log_debug("UID base of %s is non-zero, not using UID mapping.", directory);
3120 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3121 } else if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP)
3122 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3123 "UID base of %s is not zero, UID mapping not supported.", directory);
3124 }
6dac160c
LP		 3125 }
3126
58e13de5
LP		 3127 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
3128 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID base too high for UID range.");
6dac160c 3129
6dac160c
LP		 3130 return 0;
3131}
3132
de40a303
LP		 3133static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
3134 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
3135
3136 if (arg_private_network)
3137 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
3138 if (arg_use_cgns)
3139 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
3140 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
3141 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
3142
3143 return flags;
3144}
3145
3146static int patch_sysctl(void) {
3147
3148 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
3149 static const struct {
3150 const char *key;
3151 bool prefix;
3152 unsigned long clone_flags;
3153 } safe_sysctl[] = {
3154 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3155 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3156 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3157 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3158 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3159 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3160 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3161 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3162 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3163 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3164 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
3165 };
3166
3167 unsigned long flags;
de40a303
LP		 3168 int r;
3169
3170 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
3171
3172 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
3173 bool good = false;
3174 size_t i;
3175
3176 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
3177
3178 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
3179 continue;
3180
3181 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
3182 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3183 else
3184 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3185
3186 if (good)
3187 break;
3188 }
3189
c6147113
LP		 3190 if (!good)
3191 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
de40a303
LP		 3192
3193 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
3194 if (r < 0)
3195 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
3196 }
3197
3198 return 0;
3199}
3200
03cfe0d5
LP		 3201static int inner_child(
3202 Barrier *barrier,
5d9d3fcb 3203 int fd_inner_socket,
e1bb4b0d
LB		 3204 FDSet *fds,
3205 char **os_release_pairs) {
69c79d3c 3206
03cfe0d5 3207 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
88614c8a 3208 size_t n_env = 1;
4ab3d29f
ZJS		 3209 char *envp[] = {
3210 (char*) "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
6aadfa4c 3211 NULL, /* container */
03cfe0d5
LP		 3212 NULL, /* TERM */
3213 NULL, /* HOME */
3214 NULL, /* USER */
3215 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
3216 NULL, /* container_uuid */
3217 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
3218 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
9c1e04d0 3219 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
3652872a 3220 NULL, /* CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY */
b626f695 3221 NULL, /* LANG */
03cfe0d5
LP		 3222 NULL
3223 };
1a68e1e5 3224 const char *exec_target;
2371271c 3225 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
de40a303 3226 int r, which_failed;
88213476 3227
b37469d7
LP		 3228 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
3229 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
3230 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
3231 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
3232 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
3233 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
3234 * namespace.
3235 *
3236 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
3237 * unshare(). See below. */
3238
03cfe0d5 3239 assert(barrier);
5d9d3fcb 3240 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
88213476 3241
de40a303
LP		 3242 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
3243
0de7acce 3244 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3245 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
3246 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
7027ff61 3247
03cfe0d5 3248 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
baaa35ad 3249 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
2a2e78e9 3250 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
88213476 3251
2a2e78e9
LP		 3252 /* Become the new root user inside our namespace */
3253 r = reset_uid_gid();
3254 if (r < 0)
3255 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
3256
3257 /* Creating a new user namespace means all MS_SHARED mounts become MS_SLAVE. Let's put them
3258 * back to MS_SHARED here, since that's what we want as defaults. (This will not reconnect
3259 * propagation, but simply create new peer groups for all our mounts). */
511a8cfe 3260 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
2a2e78e9
LP		 3261 if (r < 0)
3262 return r;
3263 }
6d66bd3b 3264
0de7acce 3265 r = mount_all(NULL,
4f086aab 3266 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
0de7acce 3267 arg_uid_shift,
0de7acce 3268 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3269 if (r < 0)
3270 return r;
3271
04413780
ZJS		 3272 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
3273 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
3274 if (r < 0)
3275 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
75116558
PS		 3276
3277 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
3278 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
04413780
ZJS		 3279 }
3280
4f086aab 3281 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
d8fc6a00
LP		 3282 if (r < 0)
3283 return r;
3284
03cfe0d5
LP		 3285 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
3286 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3287 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
3288 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3289 "Parent died too early");
88213476 3290
489fae52 3291 if (arg_use_cgns) {
0996ef00
CB		 3292 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
3293 if (r < 0)
04413780 3294 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
0996ef00
CB		 3295 r = mount_cgroups(
3296 "",
3297 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3298 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3299 arg_uid_shift,
3300 arg_uid_range,
5a8ff0e6 3301 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
ada54120 3302 true);
1433e0f2 3303 } else
0996ef00 3304 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
1433e0f2
LP		 3305 if (r < 0)
3306 return r;
ec16945e 3307
1e4f1671 3308 r = setup_boot_id();
03cfe0d5
LP		 3309 if (r < 0)
3310 return r;
ec16945e 3311
5d9d3fcb 3312 r = setup_kmsg(fd_inner_socket);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3313 if (r < 0)
3314 return r;
ec16945e 3315
de40a303
LP		 3316 r = mount_custom(
3317 "/",
3318 arg_custom_mounts,
3319 arg_n_custom_mounts,
de40a303 3320 0,
c0c8f718 3321 0,
de40a303 3322 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
5f0a6347 3323 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY | MOUNT_IN_USERNS);
de40a303
LP		 3324 if (r < 0)
3325 return r;
3326
03cfe0d5
LP		 3327 if (setsid() < 0)
3328 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
3329
3330 if (arg_private_network)
df883de9 3331 (void) loopback_setup();
03cfe0d5 3332
7a8f6325 3333 if (arg_expose_ports) {
b07ee903 3334 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(fd_inner_socket);
7a8f6325
LP		 3335 if (r < 0)
3336 return r;
7a8f6325 3337 }
03cfe0d5 3338
3acc84eb 3339 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
5bb1d7fb 3340 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
3acc84eb
FB		 3341 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
3342
3343 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
dc98caea 3344 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
3acc84eb 3345 if (master < 0)
dc98caea 3346 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
3acc84eb
FB		 3347
3348 r = setup_dev_console(console);
3349 if (r < 0)
105a1a36 3350 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up /dev/console: %m");
3acc84eb 3351
bb1aa185 3352 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, master, 0);
3acc84eb
FB		 3353 if (r < 0)
3354 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
3acc84eb
FB		 3355
3356 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
3357 if (r < 0)
3358 return r;
3359 }
3360
de40a303
LP		 3361 r = patch_sysctl();
3362 if (r < 0)
3363 return r;
3364
81f345df
LP		 3365 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
3366 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
3367 if (r < 0)
3368 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
3369 }
3370
0985c7c4
ZJS		 3371 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
3372 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
d107bb7d
LP		 3373 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
3374
c818eef1 3375 (void) setup_hostname();
03cfe0d5 3376
050f7277 3377 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
21022b9d
LP		 3378 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
3379 if (r < 0)
3380 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
4c27749b
LP		 3381#ifdef ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY
3382 } else if (arg_architecture == ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY) {
21022b9d
LP		 3383 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
3384 if (r < 0)
3385 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
4c27749b 3386#endif
af262e5f
LB		 3387 } else if (!arg_quiet && arg_architecture >= 0 && arg_architecture != native_architecture())
3388 log_notice("Selected architecture '%s' not supported natively on the local CPU, assuming "
3389 "invocation with qemu userspace emulator (or equivalent) in effect.",
3390 architecture_to_string(arg_architecture));
03cfe0d5 3391
de40a303
LP		 3392 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
3393 if (r < 0)
3394 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
3395
3396#if HAVE_SECCOMP
3397 if (arg_seccomp) {
3398
3399 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
de40a303 3400 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
3c098014
ZJS		 3401 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
3402 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3403 if (r < 0)
de40a303
LP		 3404 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3405 }
3406 } else
3407#endif
3408 {
6b000af4 3409 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_allow_list, arg_syscall_deny_list);
de40a303
LP		 3410 if (r < 0)
3411 return r;
3412 }
3413
4a4654e0 3414 if (arg_suppress_sync) {
20e458ae 3415#if HAVE_SECCOMP
4a4654e0
LP		 3416 r = seccomp_suppress_sync();
3417 if (r < 0)
3418 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install sync() suppression seccomp filter, ignoring: %m");
20e458ae 3419#else
2db32618 3420 log_debug("systemd is built without SECCOMP support. Ignoring --suppress-sync= command line option and SuppressSync= setting.");
20e458ae 3421#endif
4a4654e0
LP		 3422 }
3423
349cc4a5 3424#if HAVE_SELINUX
03cfe0d5 3425 if (arg_selinux_context)
2ed96880 3426 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 3427 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
3428#endif
3429
de40a303
LP		 3430 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3431 * if we need to later on. */
3432 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3433 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3434
3435 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3462d773 3436 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE);
de40a303 3437 else
3462d773 3438 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE, &home);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3439 if (r < 0)
3440 return r;
3441
de40a303
LP		 3442 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3443 if (r < 0)
3444 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3445
66edd963
LP		 3446 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3447 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3448 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3449
6aadfa4c
ILG		 3450 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3451 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3452
03cfe0d5
LP		 3453 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3454 if (envp[n_env])
313cefa1 3455 n_env++;
03cfe0d5 3456
de40a303 3457 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
4ab3d29f 3458 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
de40a303
LP		 3459 return log_oom();
3460
3461 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
4ab3d29f 3462 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
1da3cb81 3463 asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0)
de40a303 3464 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3465
3bbaff3e 3466 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
03cfe0d5 3467
b7416360 3468 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "container_uuid=%s", SD_ID128_TO_UUID_STRING(arg_uuid)) < 0)
e01ff70a 3469 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3470
43127aeb 3471 if (!fdset_isempty(fds)) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3472 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3473 if (r < 0)
3474 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3475
4ab3d29f
ZJS		 3476 if ((asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3477 (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
03cfe0d5
LP		 3478 return log_oom();
3479 }
4ab3d29f 3480 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
9c1e04d0 3481 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3482
bd546b9b 3483 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials > 0) {
3652872a
LP		 3484 envp[n_env] = strdup("CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY=/run/host/credentials");
3485 if (!envp[n_env])
3486 return log_oom();
3487 n_env++;
3488 }
3489
b626f695 3490 if (arg_start_mode != START_BOOT) {
a22f5186 3491 envp[n_env] = strdup("LANG=" SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCALE);
b626f695
DDM		 3492 if (!envp[n_env])
3493 return log_oom();
3494 n_env++;
3495 }
3496
4ab3d29f 3497 env_use = strv_env_merge(envp, os_release_pairs, arg_setenv);
2371271c
TG		 3498 if (!env_use)
3499 return log_oom();
03cfe0d5 3500
1a8d7814 3501 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and wait until the parent is ready with the setup, too... */
baaa35ad 3502 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
335d2ead 3503 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
03cfe0d5 3504
83d5dab4
LP		 3505 /* Note, this should be done this late (💣 and not moved earlier! 💣), so that all namespacing
3506 * changes are already in effect by now, so that any resolved paths here definitely reference
3507 * resources inside the container, and not outside of them. */
5f932eb9
LP		 3508 if (arg_chdir)
3509 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3510 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3511
7732f92b 3512 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
75bf701f 3513 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
7732f92b
LP		 3514 if (r < 0)
3515 return r;
3516 }
3517
335d2ead
LP		 3518 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3519 /* So far our pty wasn't controlled by any process. Finally, it's time to change that, if we
3520 * are configured for that. Acquire it as controlling tty. */
3521 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY) < 0)
3522 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire controlling TTY: %m");
3523 }
3524
de40a303
LP		 3525 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3526
8ca082b4
LP		 3527 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3528 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3529 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
03cfe0d5 3530 log_close();
8ca082b4 3531 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
a3b00f91 3532 log_settle_target();
8ca082b4 3533
03cfe0d5
LP		 3534 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3535
7732f92b 3536 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
03cfe0d5
LP		 3537 char **a;
3538 size_t m;
3539
3540 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3541
75f32f04
ZJS		 3542 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3543 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3544 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3545 a[1 + m] = NULL;
03cfe0d5 3546
a5096641
LP		 3547 FOREACH_STRING(init,
3548 "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd",
3549 "/lib/systemd/systemd",
3550 "/sbin/init") {
3551 a[0] = (char*) init;
3552 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3553 }
ced58da7
LP		 3554
3555 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
1a68e1e5 3556 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
b6b180b7
LP		 3557 const char *dollar_path;
3558
1a68e1e5 3559 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
b6b180b7
LP		 3560
3561 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3562 * binary. */
3563 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3564 if (dollar_path) {
6f646e01 3565 if (setenv("PATH", dollar_path, 1) < 0)
b6b180b7
LP		 3566 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3567 }
3568
f757855e 3569 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
1a68e1e5 3570 } else {
5f932eb9 3571 if (!arg_chdir)
d929b0f9
ZJS		 3572 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3573 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
5f932eb9 3574
53350c7b 3575 execle(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "-" DEFAULT_USER_SHELL_NAME, NULL, env_use);
3576 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/bash"))
3577 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3578 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/sh"))
3579 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
ced58da7 3580
53350c7b 3581 exec_target = DEFAULT_USER_SHELL ", /bin/bash, /bin/sh";
03cfe0d5
LP		 3582 }
3583
8ca082b4 3584 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3585}
3586
e96ceaba 3587static int setup_notify_child(void) {
254d1313 3588 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
1eb874b9 3589 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
44ed5214
LP		 3590 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3591 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
9c1e04d0
AP		 3592 };
3593 int r;
3594
3595 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3596 if (fd < 0)
3597 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3598
3599 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
fbda85b0 3600 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
9c1e04d0 3601
6db53d20
LP		 3602 WITH_UMASK(0577) { /* only set "w" bit, which is all that's necessary for connecting from the container */
3603 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3604 if (r < 0)
3605 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3606 }
9c1e04d0 3607
adc7d9f0 3608 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
271f518f 3609 if (r < 0)
adc7d9f0 3610 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
adc7d9f0 3611
2ff48e98 3612 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
271f518f 3613 if (r < 0)
2ff48e98 3614 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
9c1e04d0 3615
271f518f 3616 return TAKE_FD(fd);
9c1e04d0
AP		 3617}
3618
613fb4b6
LP		 3619static int setup_unix_export_dir_outside(char **ret) {
3620 int r;
3621
3622 assert(ret);
3623
3624 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3625 p = path_join("/run/systemd/nspawn/unix-export", arg_machine);
3626 if (!p)
3627 return log_oom();
3628
b409aacb 3629 r = path_is_mount_point(p);
613fb4b6
LP		 3630 if (r > 0)
3631 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST), "Mount point '%s' exists already, refusing.", p);
3632 if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
3633 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to detect if '%s' is a mount point: %m", p);
3634
3635 r = mkdir_p(p, 0755);
3636 if (r < 0)
3637 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", p);
3638
3639 _cleanup_(rmdir_and_freep) char *q = TAKE_PTR(p);
3640
3641 /* Mount the "unix export" directory really tiny, just 64 inodes. We mark the superblock writable
3642 * (since the container shall bind sockets into it). */
3643 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3644 LOG_ERR,
3645 "tmpfs",
3646 q,
3647 "tmpfs",
3648 MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3649 "size=4M,nr_inodes=64,mode=0755");
3650 if (r < 0)
3651 return r;
3652
3653 _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *w = TAKE_PTR(q);
3654
3655 /* After creating the superblock we change the bind mount to be read-only. This means that the fs
3656 * itself is writable, but not through the mount accessible from the host. */
3657 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3658 LOG_ERR,
3659 /* source= */ NULL,
3660 w,
3661 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3662 MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3663 /* options= */ NULL);
3664 if (r < 0)
3665 return r;
3666
3667 *ret = TAKE_PTR(w);
3668 return 0;
3669}
3670
3671static int setup_unix_export_host_inside(const char *directory, const char *unix_export_path) {
3672 int r;
3673
3674 assert(directory);
3675 assert(unix_export_path);
3676
3677 r = make_run_host(directory);
3678 if (r < 0)
3679 return r;
3680
3681 _cleanup_free_ char *p = path_join(directory, "run/host/unix-export");
3682 if (!p)
3683 return log_oom();
3684
3685 if (mkdir(p, 0755) < 0)
3686 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create '%s': %m", p);
3687
3688 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3689 LOG_ERR,
3690 unix_export_path,
3691 p,
3692 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3693 MS_BIND,
3694 /* options= */ NULL);
3695 if (r < 0)
3696 return r;
3697
3698 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(
3699 LOG_ERR,
3700 /* source= */ NULL,
3701 p,
3702 /* fstype= */ NULL,
3703 MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOSUID|ms_nosymfollow_supported(),
3704 /* options= */ NULL);
3705 if (r < 0)
3706 return r;
3707
3708 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
3709 if (r < 0)
3710 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown '%s': %m", p);
3711
3712 return 0;
3713}
3714
03cfe0d5
LP		 3715static int outer_child(
3716 Barrier *barrier,
3717 const char *directory,
2d845785 3718 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
af06cd30 3719 int fd_outer_socket,
5d9d3fcb 3720 int fd_inner_socket,
d7bea6b6 3721 FDSet *fds,
613fb4b6
LP		 3722 int netns_fd,
3723 const char *unix_export_path) {
03cfe0d5 3724
2f893044 3725 _cleanup_(bind_user_context_freep) BindUserContext *bind_user_context = NULL;
e1bb4b0d 3726 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **os_release_pairs = NULL;
254d1313 3727 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF;
f61c7f88 3728 bool idmap = false;
e5f10caf 3729 const char *p;
03cfe0d5
LP		 3730 pid_t pid;
3731 ssize_t l;
de40a303 3732 int r;
03cfe0d5 3733
d1d0b895
LP		 3734 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It
3735 * already has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in
3736 * the host's CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET
3737 * namespaces. After it completed a number of initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is
3738 * forked off it, and it exits. */
b37469d7 3739
03cfe0d5
LP		 3740 assert(barrier);
3741 assert(directory);
af06cd30 3742 assert(fd_outer_socket >= 0);
5d9d3fcb 3743 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
03cfe0d5 3744
de40a303
LP		 3745 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3746
e1bb4b0d
LB		 3747 r = load_os_release_pairs_with_prefix("/", "container_host_", &os_release_pairs);
3748 if (r < 0)
3749 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release from host for container, ignoring: %m");
3750
03cfe0d5
LP		 3751 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3752 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3753
03cfe0d5
LP		 3754 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3755 if (r < 0)
3756 return r;
3757
2a2e78e9
LP		 3758 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still receive mounts from the real root, but don't propagate
3759 * mounts to the real root. */
511a8cfe 3760 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
60e76d48
ZJS		 3761 if (r < 0)
3762 return r;
03cfe0d5 3763
2d845785 3764 if (dissected_image) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3765 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the
3766 * rest. We can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest,
3767 * but then with the uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the
3768 * right place right away. This makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
2d3a5a73 3769
af187ab2 3770 r = dissected_image_mount_and_warn(
d04faa4e
LP		 3771 dissected_image,
3772 directory,
3773 arg_uid_shift,
21b61b1d 3774 arg_uid_range,
8d9a1d59 3775 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
d04faa4e
LP		 3776 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|
3777 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3778 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
c65f854a 3779 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
af187ab2 3780 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
2d845785 3781 if (r < 0)
af187ab2 3782 return r;
2d845785 3783 }
03cfe0d5 3784
391567f4
LP		 3785 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3786 if (r < 0)
3787 return r;
3788
0de7acce 3789 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
d2881ef9
YW		 3790 r = namespace_open(0,
3791 /* ret_pidns_fd = */ NULL,
3792 &mntns_fd,
3793 /* ret_netns_fd = */ NULL,
3794 /* ret_userns_fd = */ NULL,
3795 /* ret_root_fd = */ NULL);
b71a0192
CB		 3796 if (r < 0)
3797 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pin outer mount namespace: %m");
3798
af06cd30 3799 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, mntns_fd, 0);
b71a0192
CB		 3800 if (l < 0)
3801 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send outer mount namespace fd: %m");
3802 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
3803
0e7ac751 3804 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
af06cd30 3805 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
825d5287
RM		 3806 if (l < 0)
3807 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3808 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3809 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3810 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
0e7ac751 3811
0de7acce 3812 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3813 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the
3814 * UID shift we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID
3815 * shift back to us, if not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
0e7ac751 3816
af06cd30 3817 l = recv(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
0e7ac751
LP		 3818 if (l < 0)
3819 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3820 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3821 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3822 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
0e7ac751
LP		 3823 }
3824
ff6c6cc1
LP		 3825 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3826 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
825d5287
RM		 3827 }
3828
6f83d3d1
LP		 3829 if (path_equal(directory, "/")) {
3830 /* If the directory we shall boot is the host, let's operate on a bind mount at a different
3831 * place, so that we can make changes to its mount structure (for example, to implement
3832 * --volatile=) without this interfering with our ability to access files such as
3833 * /etc/localtime to copy into the container. Note that we use a fixed place for this
6c2d70ce 3834 * (instead of a temporary directory, since we are living in our own mount namespace here
7802194a 3835 * already, and thus don't need to be afraid of colliding with anyone else's mounts). */
6f83d3d1
LP		 3836 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn-root", 0755);
3837
511a8cfe 3838 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "/", "/run/systemd/nspawn-root", NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
6f83d3d1
LP		 3839 if (r < 0)
3840 return r;
3841
3842 directory = "/run/systemd/nspawn-root";
e50cd82f 3843 }
7d0ecdd6 3844
75f81732
LP		 3845 /* Make sure we always have a mount that we can move to root later on. */
3846 r = make_mount_point(directory);
3847 if (r < 0)
3848 return r;
3849
3850 /* So the whole tree is now MS_SLAVE, i.e. we'll still receive mount/umount events from the host
3851 * mount namespace. For the directory we are going to run our container let's turn this off, so that
3852 * we'll live in our own little world from now on, and propagation from the host may only happen via
3853 * the mount tunnel dir, or not at all. */
3854 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC, NULL);
3855 if (r < 0)
3856 return r;
3857
7d0ecdd6
LP		 3858 r = setup_pivot_root(
3859 directory,
3860 arg_pivot_root_new,
3861 arg_pivot_root_old);
3862 if (r < 0)
3863 return r;
3864
3865 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3866 directory,
3867 arg_volatile_mode,
7d0ecdd6 3868 arg_uid_shift,
8f1ed04a 3869 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
7d0ecdd6
LP		 3870 if (r < 0)
3871 return r;
3872
2f893044
LP		 3873 r = bind_user_prepare(
3874 directory,
3875 arg_bind_user,
3876 arg_uid_shift,
3877 arg_uid_range,
3878 &arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts,
3879 &bind_user_context);
3880 if (r < 0)
3881 return r;
3882
3883 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && bind_user_context) {
d1d0b895
LP		 3884 /* Send the user maps we determined to the parent, so that it installs it in our user
3885 * namespace UID map table */
2f893044
LP		 3886
3887 for (size_t i = 0; i < bind_user_context->n_data; i++) {
3888 uid_t map[] = {
3889 bind_user_context->data[i].payload_user->uid,
3890 bind_user_context->data[i].host_user->uid,
3891 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].payload_group->gid,
3892 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].host_group->gid,
3893 };
3894
af06cd30 3895 l = send(fd_outer_socket, map, sizeof(map), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
2f893044
LP		 3896 if (l < 0)
3897 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send user UID map: %m");
3898 if (l != sizeof(map))
3899 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3900 "Short write while sending user UID map.");
3901 }
3902 }
3903
5f0a6347
DDM		 3904 r = mount_custom(
3905 directory,
3906 arg_custom_mounts,
3907 arg_n_custom_mounts,
5f0a6347 3908 arg_uid_shift,
c0c8f718 3909 arg_uid_range,
5f0a6347
DDM		 3910 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3911 MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY);
3912 if (r < 0)
3913 return r;
3914
c0c8f718
AV		 3915 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO &&
3916 IN_SET(arg_userns_ownership, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) &&
3917 arg_uid_shift != 0) {
dba4fa89
LP		 3918 _cleanup_free_ char *usr_subtree = NULL;
3919 char *dirs[3];
3920 size_t i = 0;
c0c8f718 3921
dba4fa89
LP		 3922 dirs[i++] = (char*) directory;
3923
3924 if (dissected_image && dissected_image->partitions[PARTITION_USR].found) {
3925 usr_subtree = path_join(directory, "/usr");
3926 if (!usr_subtree)
3927 return log_oom();
3928
3929 dirs[i++] = usr_subtree;
3930 }
3931
3932 dirs[i] = NULL;
3933
614d09a3 3934 r = remount_idmap(dirs, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range, UID_INVALID, UID_INVALID, REMOUNT_IDMAPPING_HOST_ROOT);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 3935 if (r == -EINVAL || ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(r)) {
3936 /* This might fail because the kernel or file system doesn't support idmapping. We
3937 * can't really distinguish this nicely, nor do we have any guarantees about the
3938 * error codes we see, could be EOPNOTSUPP or EINVAL. */
3939 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO)
3940 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
3941 "ID mapped mounts are apparently not available, sorry.");
3942
3943 log_debug("ID mapped mounts are apparently not available on this kernel or for the selected file system, reverting to recursive chown()ing.");
3944 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3945 } else if (r < 0)
3946 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up ID mapped mounts: %m");
3947 else {
c0c8f718
AV		 3948 log_debug("ID mapped mounts available, making use of them.");
3949 idmap = true;
3950 }
3951 }
3952
2d3a5a73
LP		 3953 if (dissected_image) {
3954 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
d04faa4e
LP		 3955 r = dissected_image_mount(
3956 dissected_image,
3957 directory,
3958 arg_uid_shift,
21b61b1d 3959 arg_uid_range,
8d9a1d59 3960 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
d04faa4e
LP		 3961 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|
3962 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3963 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
f61c7f88
LP		 3964 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3965 (idmap ? DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_IDMAPPED : 0));
4fcb96ce
LP		 3966 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
3967 return log_error_errno(r, "File system check for image failed: %m");
2d3a5a73 3968 if (r < 0)
4fcb96ce 3969 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image file system: %m");
2d3a5a73
LP		 3970 }
3971
8199d554
LP		 3972 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3973 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3974
3975 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3976 if (r < 0)
3977 return r;
3978
fefb7a6d 3979 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
8199d554
LP		 3980 if (l < 0)
3981 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 3982 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3983 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3984 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
8199d554
LP		 3985 }
3986
4ad14eff
LP		 3987 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3988 if (r < 0)
3989 return r;
3990
03cfe0d5
LP		 3991 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3992 if (r < 0)
3993 return r;
3994
bbd407ea
DDM		 3995 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO &&
3996 !has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts)) {
64e82c19 3997 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
03cfe0d5
LP		 3998 if (r < 0)
3999 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
4000 }
4001
0de7acce 4002 r = mount_all(directory,
4f086aab 4003 arg_mount_settings,
0de7acce 4004 arg_uid_shift,
0de7acce 4005 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4006 if (r < 0)
4007 return r;
4008
07fa00f9
LP		 4009 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
4010 if (r < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 4011 return r;
4012
de40a303
LP		 4013 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
4014 if (r < 0)
4015 return r;
4016
4017 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
e5f10caf 4018
9fac5029 4019 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host");
e5f10caf 4020 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(p, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
03cfe0d5 4021
613fb4b6
LP		 4022 r = setup_unix_export_host_inside(directory, unix_export_path);
4023 if (r < 0)
4024 return r;
4025
07fa00f9
LP		 4026 r = setup_pts(directory);
4027 if (r < 0)
03cfe0d5
LP		 4028 return r;
4029
e79581dd 4030 r = mount_tunnel_dig(directory);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4031 if (r < 0)
4032 return r;
4033
8e5430c4
LP		 4034 r = setup_keyring();
4035 if (r < 0)
4036 return r;
4037
3652872a
LP		 4038 r = setup_credentials(directory);
4039 if (r < 0)
4040 return r;
4041
2f893044
LP		 4042 r = bind_user_setup(bind_user_context, directory);
4043 if (r < 0)
4044 return r;
4045
5c4deb9a
MJ		 4046 r = mount_custom(
4047 directory,
4048 arg_custom_mounts,
4049 arg_n_custom_mounts,
4050 arg_uid_shift,
c0c8f718 4051 arg_uid_range,
5c4deb9a
MJ		 4052 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
4053 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY);
4054 if (r < 0)
4055 return r;
4056
03cfe0d5
LP		 4057 r = setup_timezone(directory);
4058 if (r < 0)
4059 return r;
4060
4061 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
4062 if (r < 0)
4063 return r;
4064
e01ff70a
MS		 4065 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
4066 if (r < 0)
4067 return r;
4068
03cfe0d5
LP		 4069 r = setup_journal(directory);
4070 if (r < 0)
4071 return r;
4072
0f48ba7b
LP		 4073 /* The same stuff as the $container env var, but nicely readable for the entire payload */
4074 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-manager");
05794f5c 4075 (void) write_string_file(p, arg_container_service_name, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444);
0f48ba7b
LP		 4076
4077 /* The same stuff as the $container_uuid env var */
4078 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-uuid");
05794f5c 4079 (void) write_string_filef(p, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_uuid));
0f48ba7b 4080
489fae52 4081 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
0996ef00
CB		 4082 r = mount_cgroups(
4083 directory,
4084 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
4085 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
4086 arg_uid_shift,
4087 arg_uid_range,
5a8ff0e6 4088 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
ada54120 4089 false);
0996ef00
CB		 4090 if (r < 0)
4091 return r;
4092 }
03cfe0d5 4093
57c10a56
CB		 4094 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is required to make new bind
4095 * mounts available in systemd services inside the container that create a new mount namespace. See
4096 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860 Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this
4097 * will inherit the shared propagation mode.
4098 *
4099 * IMPORTANT: Do not overmount the root directory anymore from now on to enable moving the root
4100 * directory mount to root later on.
4101 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3847#issuecomment-562735251
4102 */
9d50f850 4103 r = mount_switch_root(directory, MS_SHARED);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4104 if (r < 0)
4105 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
4106
e79581dd
CB		 4107 /* We finished setting up the rootfs which is a shared mount. The mount tunnel needs to be a
4108 * dependent mount otherwise we can't MS_MOVE mounts that were propagated from the host into
4109 * the container. */
4110 r = mount_tunnel_open();
4111 if (r < 0)
4112 return r;
4113
b71a0192
CB		 4114 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4115 /* In order to mount procfs and sysfs in an unprivileged container the kernel
4116 * requires that a fully visible instance is already present in the target mount
4117 * namespace. Mount one here so the inner child can mount its own instances. Later
4118 * we umount the temporary instances created here before we actually exec the
4119 * payload. Since the rootfs is shared the umount will propagate into the container.
4120 * Note, the inner child wouldn't be able to unmount the instances on its own since
4121 * it doesn't own the originating mount namespace. IOW, the outer child needs to do
4122 * this. */
4123 r = pin_fully_visible_fs();
4124 if (r < 0)
4125 return r;
4126 }
4127
e96ceaba 4128 fd = setup_notify_child();
9c1e04d0
AP		 4129 if (fd < 0)
4130 return fd;
4131
03cfe0d5 4132 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
0c582db0 4133 arg_clone_ns_flags |
8869a0b4 4134 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
03cfe0d5
LP		 4135 if (pid < 0)
4136 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
03cfe0d5 4137 if (pid == 0) {
af06cd30 4138 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
03cfe0d5 4139
2a2e78e9
LP		 4140 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are requested, so that we all are owned by the
4141 * user if user namespaces are turned on. */
03cfe0d5 4142
d7bea6b6 4143 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
d2881ef9
YW		 4144 r = namespace_enter(/* pidns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4145 /* mntns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4146 netns_fd,
4147 /* userns_fd = */ -EBADF,
4148 /* root_fd = */ -EBADF);
d7bea6b6 4149 if (r < 0)
e2d39e54 4150 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
d7bea6b6
DP		 4151 }
4152
11875a98 4153 r = inner_child(barrier, fd_inner_socket, fds, os_release_pairs);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4154 if (r < 0)
4155 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4156
4157 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4158 }
4159
af06cd30 4160 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4161 if (l < 0)
4162 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 4163 if (l != sizeof(pid))
4164 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4165 "Short write while sending PID.");
03cfe0d5 4166
af06cd30 4167 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
e01ff70a
MS		 4168 if (l < 0)
4169 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
baaa35ad
ZJS		 4170 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4171 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4172 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
e01ff70a 4173
af06cd30 4174 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, fd, 0);
9c1e04d0 4175 if (l < 0)
ba72801d 4176 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
9c1e04d0 4177
af06cd30 4178 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
5d9d3fcb 4179 fd_inner_socket = safe_close(fd_inner_socket);
d7bea6b6 4180 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4181
4182 return 0;
4183}
4184
0e7ac751 4185static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
d381c8a6 4186 bool tried_hashed = false;
0e7ac751
LP		 4187 unsigned n_tries = 100;
4188 uid_t candidate;
4189 int r;
4190
4191 assert(shift);
4192 assert(ret_lock_file);
0de7acce 4193 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
0e7ac751
LP		 4194 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
4195
4196 candidate = *shift;
4197
4198 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
4199
4200 for (;;) {
fbd0b64f 4201 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
8e766630 4202 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
0e7ac751
LP		 4203
4204 if (--n_tries <= 0)
4205 return -EBUSY;
4206
87d5e4f2 4207 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
0e7ac751
LP		 4208 goto next;
4209 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
4210 goto next;
4211
4212 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
4213 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
4214 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
4215 goto next;
4216 if (r < 0)
4217 return r;
4218
4219 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
75673cd8 4220 if (getpwuid_malloc(candidate, /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4221 goto next;
75673cd8 4222 if (getpwuid_malloc(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE), /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4223 goto next;
75673cd8 4224 if (getgrgid_malloc(candidate, /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751 4225 goto next;
75673cd8 4226 if (getgrgid_malloc(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE), /* ret= */ NULL) >= 0)
0e7ac751
LP		 4227 goto next;
4228
4229 *ret_lock_file = lf;
4230 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4231 *shift = candidate;
4232 return 0;
4233
4234 next:
d381c8a6
LP		 4235 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
4236 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
4237
4238 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
4239 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
4240 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
4241 };
4242
4243 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
4244
4245 tried_hashed = true;
4246 } else
4247 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
4248
87d5e4f2 4249 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
0e7ac751
LP		 4250 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
4251 }
4252}
4253
2f893044
LP		 4254static int add_one_uid_map(
4255 char **p,
4256 uid_t container_uid,
4257 uid_t host_uid,
4258 uid_t range) {
4259
4260 return strextendf(p,
4261 UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n",
4262 container_uid, host_uid, range);
4263}
4264
4265static int make_uid_map_string(
4266 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4267 size_t n_bind_user_uid,
4268 size_t offset,
4269 char **ret) {
4270
4271 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4272 uid_t previous_uid = 0;
4273 int r;
4274
4275 assert(n_bind_user_uid == 0 || bind_user_uid);
2f092762 4276 assert(IN_SET(offset, 0, 2)); /* used to switch between UID and GID map */
2f893044
LP		 4277 assert(ret);
4278
4279 /* The bind_user_uid[] array is a series of 4 uid_t values, for each --bind-user= entry one
4280 * quadruplet, consisting of host and container UID + GID. */
4281
4282 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
05ab439a
YW		 4283 uid_t payload_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset],
4284 host_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset+1];
2f893044
LP		 4285
4286 assert(previous_uid <= payload_uid);
4287 assert(payload_uid < arg_uid_range);
4288
4289 /* Add a range to close the gap to previous entry */
4290 if (payload_uid > previous_uid) {
4291 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, payload_uid - previous_uid);
4292 if (r < 0)
4293 return r;
4294 }
4295
4296 /* Map this specific user */
4297 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, payload_uid, host_uid, 1);
4298 if (r < 0)
4299 return r;
4300
4301 previous_uid = payload_uid + 1;
4302 }
4303
4304 /* And add a range to close the gap to finish the range */
4305 if (arg_uid_range > previous_uid) {
4306 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, arg_uid_range - previous_uid);
4307 if (r < 0)
4308 return r;
4309 }
4310
4311 assert(s);
4312
4313 *ret = TAKE_PTR(s);
4314 return 0;
4315}
4316
4317static int setup_uid_map(
4318 pid_t pid,
4319 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4320 size_t n_bind_user_uid) {
4321
4322 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4323 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
03cfe0d5
LP		 4324 int r;
4325
4326 assert(pid > 1);
4327
2f893044
LP		 4328 /* Build the UID map string */
4329 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 0, &s) < 0) /* offset=0 contains the UID pair */
4330 return log_oom();
4331
03cfe0d5 4332 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
2f893044 4333 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4334 if (r < 0)
4335 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
4336
2f893044
LP		 4337 /* And now build the GID map string */
4338 s = mfree(s);
4339 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 2, &s) < 0) /* offset=2 contains the GID pair */
4340 return log_oom();
4341
03cfe0d5 4342 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
2f893044 4343 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
03cfe0d5
LP		 4344 if (r < 0)
4345 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
4346
4347 return 0;
4348}
4349
9c1e04d0 4350static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
9c1e04d0
AP		 4351 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
4352 char *p = NULL;
4353 struct iovec iovec = {
4354 .iov_base = buf,
4355 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
4356 };
fb29cdbe
LP		 4357 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
4358 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4359 struct msghdr msghdr = {
4360 .msg_iov = &iovec,
4361 .msg_iovlen = 1,
4362 .msg_control = &control,
4363 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
4364 };
371d72e0 4365 struct ucred *ucred;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4366 ssize_t n;
4367 pid_t inner_child_pid;
4368 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
4bf4f50f 4369 int r;
9c1e04d0
AP		 4370
4371 assert(userdata);
4372
4373 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
4374
4375 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
4376 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
4377 return 0;
4378 }
4379
3691bcf3 4380 n = recvmsg_safe(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
bb44fd07
ZJS		 4381 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_TRANSIENT(n))
4382 return 0;
4383 else if (n == -EXFULL) {
4384 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
4385 return 0;
4386 } else if (n < 0)
3691bcf3 4387 return log_warning_errno(n, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
9c1e04d0 4388
9c1e04d0
AP		 4389 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
4390
371d72e0 4391 ucred = CMSG_FIND_DATA(&msghdr, SOL_SOCKET, SCM_CREDENTIALS, struct ucred);
9c1e04d0 4392 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
8cb57430 4393 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
9c1e04d0
AP		 4394 return 0;
4395 }
4396
4397 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
4398 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
4399 return 0;
4400 }
4401
4402 buf[n] = 0;
4403 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
4404 if (!tags)
4405 return log_oom();
4406
d29cc4d6 4407 if (strv_contains(tags, "READY=1")) {
d4341b76 4408 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4bf4f50f
ZJS		 4409 if (r < 0)
4410 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
4411 }
9c1e04d0
AP		 4412
4413 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
4414 if (p)
04f590a4 4415 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
9c1e04d0
AP		 4416
4417 return 0;
4418}
4419
e96ceaba 4420static int setup_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
9c1e04d0 4421 int r;
9c1e04d0 4422
5773024d 4423 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
9c1e04d0
AP		 4424 if (r < 0)
4425 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
4426
5773024d 4427 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
9c1e04d0
AP		 4428
4429 return 0;
4430}
4431
ab03434a
LP		 4432static void set_window_title(PTYForward *f) {
4433 _cleanup_free_ char *hn = NULL, *dot = NULL;
4434
4435 assert(f);
4436
4437 (void) gethostname_strict(&hn);
4438
4439 if (emoji_enabled())
4440 dot = strjoin(special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_BLUE_CIRCLE), " ");
4441
4442 if (hn)
4443 (void) pty_forward_set_titlef(f, "%sContainer %s on %s", strempty(dot), arg_machine, hn);
4444 else
4445 (void) pty_forward_set_titlef(f, "%sContainer %s", strempty(dot), arg_machine);
4446}
4447
5d961407
LP		 4448static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
4449 int rl;
f757855e 4450
5d961407
LP		 4451 assert(settings);
4452 assert(path);
f757855e 4453
5d961407
LP		 4454 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
4455 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
f757855e 4456
7732f92b
LP		 4457 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
4458 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
4459 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
130d3d22 4460 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
f757855e
LP		 4461 }
4462
d3689b94
LP		 4463 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0 &&
4464 settings->ephemeral >= 0)
a2f577fc
JL		 4465 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
4466
de40a303
LP		 4467 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4468 settings->root) {
4469
4470 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4471 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4472 else
4473 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
4474 }
4475
b53ede69
PW		 4476 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
4477 settings->pivot_root_new) {
4478 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
4479 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
4480 }
4481
5f932eb9 4482 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
1cc6c93a
YW		 4483 settings->working_directory)
4484 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
5f932eb9 4485
f757855e 4486 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
130d3d22
YW		 4487 settings->environment)
4488 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
f757855e 4489
de40a303
LP		 4490 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
4491
4492 if (settings->user)
4493 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
4494
4495 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
4496 arg_uid = settings->uid;
4497 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
4498 arg_gid = settings->gid;
4499 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
4500 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
4501 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
4502 }
4503 }
f757855e
LP		 4504
4505 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
a3fc6b55 4506 uint64_t plus, minus;
7be830c6 4507 uint64_t network_minus = 0;
88fc9c9b 4508 uint64_t ambient;
f757855e 4509
de40a303
LP		 4510 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
4511 * Settings structure */
4512
0e265674 4513 plus = settings->capability;
a3fc6b55
LP		 4514 minus = settings->drop_capability;
4515
9baa294c
LP		 4516 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4517 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
a3fc6b55
LP		 4518 if (settings_private_network(settings))
4519 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4520 else
7be830c6 4521 network_minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
a3fc6b55 4522 }
0e265674
LP		 4523
4524 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
4525 if (settings->capability != 0)
5d961407 4526 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
7be830c6
TH		 4527 } else {
4528 arg_caps_retain &= ~network_minus;
520e0d54 4529 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
7be830c6 4530 }
f757855e 4531
a3fc6b55 4532 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
de40a303
LP		 4533
4534 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
4535 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
4536 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5238e957 4537 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
de40a303
LP		 4538 else
4539 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
4540 }
88fc9c9b
TH		 4541
4542 ambient = settings->ambient_capability;
4543 if (!arg_settings_trusted && ambient != 0)
4544 log_warning("Ignoring AmbientCapability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4545 else
4546 arg_caps_ambient |= ambient;
f757855e
LP		 4547 }
4548
4549 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
4550 settings->kill_signal > 0)
4551 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
4552
4553 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
4554 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
4555 arg_personality = settings->personality;
4556
4557 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
4558 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
4559
4560 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4561 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4562 else
4563 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
4564 }
4565
4566 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
4567 settings->read_only >= 0)
4568 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
4569
4570 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
4571 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
4572 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
4573
4574 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
4575 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
4576
4577 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4578 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4579 else {
4580 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
1cc6c93a 4581 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
f757855e 4582 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
f757855e
LP		 4583 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
4584 }
4585 }
4586
4587 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
a1dfd585 4588 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
f757855e
LP		 4589
4590 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4591 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e 4592 else {
f6d6bad1 4593 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
0e265674
LP		 4594 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
4595
130d3d22
YW		 4596 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
4597 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
4598 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
4599 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
f6d6bad1 4600
1cc6c93a
YW		 4601 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
4602 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
de40a303
LP		 4603
4604 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
f757855e
LP		 4605 }
4606 }
4607
4608 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
4609 settings->expose_ports) {
4610
4611 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4612 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
f757855e
LP		 4613 else {
4614 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
1cc6c93a 4615 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
f757855e
LP		 4616 }
4617 }
4618
0de7acce
LP		 4619 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
4620 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
4621
4622 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4623 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
0de7acce
LP		 4624 else {
4625 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
4626 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
4627 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
6c045a99 4628 arg_userns_ownership = settings->userns_ownership;
0de7acce
LP		 4629 }
4630 }
4631
0cc3c9f9
LP		 4632 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_BIND_USER) == 0 &&
4633 !strv_isempty(settings->bind_user))
2f893044
LP		 4634 strv_free_and_replace(arg_bind_user, settings->bind_user);
4635
d3689b94
LP		 4636 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0 &&
4637 settings->notify_ready >= 0)
9c1e04d0
AP		 4638 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
4639
960e4569
LP		 4640 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
4641
2d09ea44
LP		 4642 if (!strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list) || !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_deny_list)) {
4643 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list))
4644 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4645 else {
4646 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_allow_list, settings->syscall_allow_list);
4647 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_deny_list, settings->syscall_deny_list);
4648 }
960e4569 4649 }
de40a303
LP		 4650
4651#if HAVE_SECCOMP
2d09ea44
LP		 4652 if (settings->seccomp) {
4653 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4654 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4655 else {
4656 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
4657 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
4658 }
de40a303
LP		 4659 }
4660#endif
960e4569
LP		 4661 }
4662
b3a9d980 4663 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
bf428efb
LP		 4664 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
4665 continue;
4666
4667 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
4668 continue;
4669
4670 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
5d961407 4671 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
bf428efb
LP		 4672 continue;
4673 }
4674
4675 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
4676 }
4677
3a9530e5
LP		 4678 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
4679 settings->hostname)
4680 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
4681
66edd963
LP		 4682 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
4683 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
4684 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
4685
81f345df
LP		 4686 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
4687 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
4688
4689 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4690 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
81f345df
LP		 4691 else {
4692 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
4693 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
4694 }
4695 }
4696
d107bb7d 4697 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
0985c7c4 4698 settings->cpu_set.set) {
d107bb7d
LP		 4699
4700 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
5d961407 4701 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
d107bb7d 4702 else {
0985c7c4 4703 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
088d71f8 4704 arg_cpu_set = TAKE_STRUCT(settings->cpu_set);
d107bb7d
LP		 4705 }
4706 }
4707
09d423e9
LP		 4708 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
4709 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
4710 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
4711
4e1d6aa9
LP		 4712 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
4713 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
4714
4715 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4716 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4717 else {
4718 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
4719 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
4720 }
4721 }
4722
1688841f
LP		 4723 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
4724 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
4725 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
4726
de40a303
LP		 4727 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
4728 settings->slice) {
4729
4730 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4731 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4732 else
4733 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
4734 }
4735
4736 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
4737 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
4738
4739 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4740 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4741 else
4742 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
4743 }
4744
4745 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
f5fbe71d 4746 settings->clone_ns_flags != ULONG_MAX) {
de40a303
LP		 4747
4748 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4749 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4750 else
4751 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
4752 }
4753
4754 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
4755 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
4756
4757 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4758 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4759 else
4760 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
4761 }
4762
d3689b94
LP		 4763 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC) == 0 &&
4764 settings->suppress_sync >= 0)
4a4654e0
LP		 4765 arg_suppress_sync = settings->suppress_sync;
4766
de40a303
LP		 4767 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
4768 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
4769
4770 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
4771 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
4772
4773 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
4774 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
4775
b2645747 4776 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
de40a303
LP		 4777 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
4778 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
825210d4 4779 settings->n_extra_nodes = 0;
de40a303 4780
f757855e
LP		 4781 return 0;
4782}
4783
5d961407
LP		 4784static int load_settings(void) {
4785 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4786 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
3603f151 4787 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
5d961407
LP		 4788 int r;
4789
de40a303
LP		 4790 if (arg_oci_bundle)
4791 return 0;
4792
5d961407
LP		 4793 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
4794 * the settings file */
d7a0f1f4 4795 if (FLAGS_SET(arg_settings_mask, _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL))
5d961407
LP		 4796 return 0;
4797
5d961407
LP		 4798 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
4799 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
4800 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
4801
3603f151 4802 j = path_join(i, arg_settings_filename);
5d961407
LP		 4803 if (!j)
4804 return log_oom();
4805
4806 f = fopen(j, "re");
4807 if (f) {
4808 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
4809
4810 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
4811 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4812 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4813
4814 break;
4815 }
4816
4817 if (errno != ENOENT)
4818 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4819 }
4820
4821 if (!f) {
4822 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4823 * actual image we shall boot. */
4824
4825 if (arg_image) {
162f6477
LP		 4826 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4827 if (r < 0)
4828 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from image path: %m");
4829 } else if (arg_directory) {
4830 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4831 if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL) /* if directory is root fs, don't complain */
4832 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from directory path: %m");
5d961407
LP		 4833 }
4834
4835 if (p) {
4836 f = fopen(p, "re");
4837 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4838 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4839
4840 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4841 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4842 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4843 }
4844 }
4845
4846 if (!f)
4847 return 0;
4848
4849 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4850
4851 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4852 if (r < 0)
4853 return r;
4854
4855 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4856}
4857
de40a303
LP		 4858static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4859 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4860 int r;
4861
4862 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4863 return 0;
4864
4865 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4866 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4867 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4868
4869 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4870 if (r < 0)
4871 return r;
4872
4873 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4874}
4875
3acc84eb 4876static int run_container(
2d845785 4877 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
b0067625
ZJS		 4878 FDSet *fds,
4879 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
761cf19d 4880 struct ExposeArgs *expose_args,
3acc84eb 4881 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
b0067625
ZJS		 4882
4883 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4884 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
e28c7cd0 4885 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
b0067625
ZJS		 4886 };
4887
8e766630 4888 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
5bb1d7fb 4889 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -EBADF;
b0067625 4890 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
71136404
LP		 4891 fd_inner_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR,
4892 fd_outer_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR;
8199d554 4893
5bb1d7fb 4894 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF, fd_kmsg_fifo = -EBADF;
b0067625 4895 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
5773024d 4896 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
613fb4b6 4897 _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *unix_export_host_dir = NULL;
b0067625
ZJS		 4898 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4899 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4900 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
abdb9b08 4901 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
2f893044
LP		 4902 _cleanup_free_ uid_t *bind_user_uid = NULL;
4903 size_t n_bind_user_uid = 0;
b0067625 4904 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
b0067625
ZJS		 4905 int ifi = 0, r;
4906 ssize_t l;
4907 sigset_t mask_chld;
254d1313 4908 _cleanup_close_ int child_netns_fd = -EBADF;
b0067625
ZJS		 4909
4910 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4911 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4912
613fb4b6
LP		 4913 /* Set up the unix export host directory on the host first */
4914 r = setup_unix_export_dir_outside(&unix_export_host_dir);
4915 if (r < 0)
4916 return r;
4917
b0067625
ZJS		 4918 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4919 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4920 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4921 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4922 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4923 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4924 * really ours. */
4925
4926 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4927 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4928 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4929 }
4930
4931 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4932 if (r < 0)
4933 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4934
5d9d3fcb
CB		 4935 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_inner_socket_pair) < 0)
4936 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inner socket pair: %m");
4937
af06cd30
CB		 4938 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_outer_socket_pair) < 0)
4939 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create outer socket pair: %m");
b0067625 4940
b0067625
ZJS		 4941 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4942 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4943 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4944 if (r < 0)
4945 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4946
4947 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4948 if (r < 0)
4949 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4950
d7bea6b6 4951 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
5b4855ab
DDM		 4952 child_netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4953 if (child_netns_fd < 0)
d7bea6b6
DP		 4954 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4955
54c2459d 4956 r = fd_is_ns(child_netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET);
6619ad88
LP		 4957 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4958 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4959 else if (r < 0)
d7bea6b6 4960 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
c6147113
LP		 4961 else if (r == 0)
4962 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4963 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
d7bea6b6
DP		 4964 }
4965
b0067625
ZJS		 4966 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4967 if (*pid < 0)
4968 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4969 errno == EINVAL ?
4970 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4971
4972 if (*pid == 0) {
4973 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4974 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4975
5d9d3fcb 4976 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
af06cd30 4977 fd_outer_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[0]);
b0067625
ZJS		 4978
4979 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4980 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4981
4982 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4983 arg_directory,
2d845785 4984 dissected_image,
af06cd30 4985 fd_outer_socket_pair[1],
5d9d3fcb 4986 fd_inner_socket_pair[1],
d7bea6b6 4987 fds,
613fb4b6
LP		 4988 child_netns_fd,
4989 unix_export_host_dir);
b0067625
ZJS		 4990 if (r < 0)
4991 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4992
4993 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4994 }
4995
4996 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4997
e4077ff6 4998 fdset_close(fds);
b0067625 4999
5d9d3fcb 5000 fd_inner_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[1]);
af06cd30 5001 fd_outer_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[1]);
b0067625
ZJS		 5002
5003 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
af06cd30 5004 mntns_fd = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
b71a0192
CB		 5005 if (mntns_fd < 0)
5006 return log_error_errno(mntns_fd, "Failed to receive mount namespace fd from outer child: %m");
5007
b0067625 5008 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
af06cd30 5009 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5010 if (l < 0)
5011 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5012 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
5013 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
b0067625
ZJS		 5014
5015 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
5016 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
5017 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
5018 * which one we now picked. */
5019
5020 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
5021 if (r < 0)
5022 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
5023
af06cd30 5024 l = send(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
b0067625
ZJS		 5025 if (l < 0)
5026 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5027 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
5028 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
b0067625 5029 }
2f893044
LP		 5030
5031 n_bind_user_uid = strv_length(arg_bind_user);
5032 if (n_bind_user_uid > 0) {
5033 /* Right after the UID shift, we'll receive the list of UID mappings for the
5034 * --bind-user= logic. Always a quadruplet of payload and host UID + GID. */
5035
5036 bind_user_uid = new(uid_t, n_bind_user_uid*4);
5037 if (!bind_user_uid)
5038 return log_oom();
5039
5040 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
af06cd30 5041 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], bind_user_uid + i*4, sizeof(uid_t)*4, 0);
2f893044
LP		 5042 if (l < 0)
5043 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read user UID map pair: %m");
5044 if (l != sizeof(uid_t)*4)
5045 return log_full_errno(l == 0 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
5046 SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
5047 "Short read while reading bind user UID pairs.");
5048 }
5049 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5050 }
5051
8199d554
LP		 5052 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
5053 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
fefb7a6d 5054 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
8199d554
LP		 5055 if (l < 0)
5056 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
c6147113 5057 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
c0f86d66 5058 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zi bytes).%s",
c6147113 5059 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
8199d554
LP		 5060 }
5061
b0067625 5062 /* Wait for the outer child. */
d2e0ac3d
LP		 5063 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
5064 if (r < 0)
5065 return r;
5066 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
5067 return -EIO;
b0067625
ZJS		 5068
5069 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
af06cd30 5070 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5071 if (l < 0)
5072 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5073 if (l != sizeof *pid)
5074 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
b0067625
ZJS		 5075
5076 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
af06cd30 5077 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5078 if (l < 0)
5079 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
c6147113
LP		 5080 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
5081 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
b0067625
ZJS		 5082
5083 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
af06cd30 5084 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
b0067625
ZJS		 5085 if (notify_socket < 0)
5086 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
5087 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
5088
5089 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
5090
5091 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
c6147113
LP		 5092 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
5093 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
b0067625 5094
2f893044 5095 r = setup_uid_map(*pid, bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid);
b0067625
ZJS		 5096 if (r < 0)
5097 return r;
5098
5099 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
5100 }
5101
5102 if (arg_private_network) {
75116558
PS		 5103 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
5104 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
c6147113
LP		 5105 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
5106 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
75116558
PS		 5107 }
5108
5b4855ab
DDM		 5109 if (child_netns_fd < 0) {
5110 /* Make sure we have an open file descriptor to the child's network
5111 * namespace so it stays alive even if the child exits. */
d2881ef9
YW		 5112 r = namespace_open(*pid,
5113 /* ret_pidns_fd = */ NULL,
5114 /* ret_mntns_fd = */ NULL,
5115 &child_netns_fd,
5116 /* ret_userns_fd = */ NULL,
5117 /* ret_root_fd = */ NULL);
5b4855ab
DDM		 5118 if (r < 0)
5119 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open child network namespace: %m");
5120 }
5121
5122 r = move_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
b0067625
ZJS		 5123 if (r < 0)
5124 return r;
5125
5126 if (arg_network_veth) {
5127 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
813dbff4 5128 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone, &arg_network_provided_mac);
b0067625
ZJS		 5129 if (r < 0)
5130 return r;
5131 else if (r > 0)
5132 ifi = r;
5133
5134 if (arg_network_bridge) {
5135 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
5136 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
5137 if (r < 0)
5138 return r;
5139 if (r > 0)
5140 ifi = r;
5141 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
5142 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
5143 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
5144 if (r < 0)
5145 return r;
5146 if (r > 0)
5147 ifi = r;
5148 }
5149 }
5150
5151 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
5152 if (r < 0)
5153 return r;
5154
5155 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
5156 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
5157 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
5158 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
5159 *veth_created = true;
5160
5161 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
5162 if (r < 0)
5163 return r;
5164
5165 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
5166 if (r < 0)
5167 return r;
5168 }
5169
abdb9b08
LP		 5170 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
5171 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
5172 if (r < 0)
5173 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
e5a2d8b5
LP		 5174
5175 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
5176 if (r < 0)
5177 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
abdb9b08
LP		 5178 }
5179
5180 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5181 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
5182 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
5183 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
5184
75152a4d
LP		 5185 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
5186 bus,
5187 NULL,
5188 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
5189 NULL,
5190 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
5191 "RequestStop",
5192 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
abdb9b08 5193 if (r < 0)
75152a4d 5194 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
abdb9b08
LP		 5195 }
5196
b0067625
ZJS		 5197 if (arg_register) {
5198 r = register_machine(
abdb9b08 5199 bus,
b0067625
ZJS		 5200 arg_machine,
5201 *pid,
5202 arg_directory,
5203 arg_uuid,
5204 ifi,
5205 arg_slice,
5206 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5207 arg_kill_signal,
5208 arg_property,
de40a303 5209 arg_property_message,
b0067625 5210 arg_keep_unit,
411d8c72
NR		 5211 arg_container_service_name,
5212 arg_start_mode);
b0067625
ZJS		 5213 if (r < 0)
5214 return r;
abdb9b08 5215
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5216 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5217 r = allocate_scope(
abdb9b08 5218 bus,
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5219 arg_machine,
5220 *pid,
5221 arg_slice,
5222 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5223 arg_kill_signal,
de40a303 5224 arg_property,
7eda208f 5225 arg_property_message,
411d8c72
NR		 5226 /* allow_pidfds= */ true,
5227 arg_start_mode);
cd2dfc6f
LP		 5228 if (r < 0)
5229 return r;
5230
5231 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
5232 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
b0067625 5233
27da7ef0 5234 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
b0067625
ZJS		 5235 if (r < 0)
5236 return r;
5237
27da7ef0 5238 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
720f0a2f
LP		 5239 if (r < 0)
5240 return r;
b0067625 5241
de54e02d 5242 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
b0067625
ZJS		 5243 if (r < 0)
5244 return r;
5245
5246 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
5247 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
5248 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
5249 * run inside the container. */
75116558 5250 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
b0067625
ZJS		 5251
5252 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
5253 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
5254 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
5255
5256 /* Reset signal to default */
9c274488 5257 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD);
b0067625
ZJS		 5258 if (r < 0)
5259 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
5260
5261 r = sd_event_new(&event);
5262 if (r < 0)
5263 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
5264
8fd010bb
LP		 5265 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
5266
abdb9b08
LP		 5267 if (bus) {
5268 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
5269 if (r < 0)
5270 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
5271 }
5272
e96ceaba 5273 r = setup_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
b0067625
ZJS		 5274 if (r < 0)
5275 return r;
5276
1a8d7814
LP		 5277 /* Wait that the child is completely ready now, and has mounted their own copies of procfs and so on,
5278 * before we take the fully visible instances away. */
5279 if (!barrier_sync(&barrier)) /* #5.1 */
5280 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5281
b71a0192
CB		 5282 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
5283 r = wipe_fully_visible_fs(mntns_fd);
5284 if (r < 0)
5285 return r;
5286 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
5287 }
5288
1a8d7814
LP		 5289 /* And now let the child know that we completed removing the procfs instances, and it can start the
5290 * payload. */
5291 if (!barrier_place(&barrier)) /* #5.2 */
c6147113 5292 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
b0067625 5293
38ccb557 5294 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-systemd/systemd-machined.service
b0067625
ZJS		 5295 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
5296 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
5297
04f590a4
LP		 5298 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
5299 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
5300 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
4bf4f50f
ZJS		 5301 if (!arg_notify_ready) {
5302 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
5303 if (r < 0)
5304 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
5305 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5306
5307 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
5308 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
919f5ae0
LP		 5309 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5310 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
b0067625
ZJS		 5311 } else {
5312 /* Immediately exit */
919f5ae0
LP		 5313 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
5314 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
b0067625
ZJS		 5315 }
5316
988851b6
LP		 5317 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGRTMIN+18, sigrtmin18_handler, NULL);
5318
5319 r = sd_event_add_memory_pressure(event, NULL, NULL, NULL);
5320 if (r < 0)
5321 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed allocate memory pressure event source, ignoring: %m");
5322
6916b164 5323 /* Exit when the child exits */
919f5ae0 5324 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
b0067625 5325
b07ee903
CB		 5326 /* Retrieve the kmsg fifo allocated by inner child */
5327 fd_kmsg_fifo = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5328 if (fd_kmsg_fifo < 0)
5329 return log_error_errno(fd_kmsg_fifo, "Failed to receive kmsg fifo from inner child: %m");
5330
b0067625 5331 if (arg_expose_ports) {
b07ee903 5332 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, fd_inner_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, expose_args, &rtnl);
b0067625
ZJS		 5333 if (r < 0)
5334 return r;
5335
deff68e7
FW		 5336 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5337 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
b0067625
ZJS		 5338 }
5339
3acc84eb 5340 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
254d1313 5341 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3acc84eb 5342 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
de40a303 5343
3acc84eb 5344 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
bb1aa185 5345 fd = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
3acc84eb
FB		 5346 if (fd < 0)
5347 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
5348
5349 switch (arg_console_mode) {
de40a303 5350
3acc84eb
FB		 5351 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
5352 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
5353
5354 _fallthrough_;
5355
5356 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
5357 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
5358
5359 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
5360 if (r < 0)
5361 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
5362
f5fbe71d 5363 if (arg_console_width != UINT_MAX || arg_console_height != UINT_MAX)
3d8ba7b8
LP		 5364 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(
5365 forward,
5366 arg_console_width,
5367 arg_console_height);
5368
8bf3891e
LP		 5369 if (!arg_background) {
5370 _cleanup_free_ char *bg = NULL;
5371
5372 r = terminal_tint_color(220 /* blue */, &bg);
5373 if (r < 0)
5374 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine terminal background color, not tinting.");
5375 else
5376 (void) pty_forward_set_background_color(forward, bg);
5377 } else if (!isempty(arg_background))
3d8ba7b8
LP		 5378 (void) pty_forward_set_background_color(forward, arg_background);
5379
ab03434a 5380 set_window_title(forward);
3acc84eb
FB		 5381 break;
5382
5383 default:
5384 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
5385 }
5386
5387 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
de40a303 5388 }
b0067625 5389
5d9d3fcb
CB		 5390 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
5391
b0067625
ZJS		 5392 r = sd_event_loop(event);
5393 if (r < 0)
5394 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
5395
de40a303
LP		 5396 if (forward) {
5397 char last_char = 0;
b0067625 5398
de40a303
LP		 5399 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
5400 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
b0067625 5401
de40a303
LP		 5402 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
5403 putc('\n', stdout);
5404 }
b0067625
ZJS		 5405
5406 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
0bb0a9fa
ZJS		 5407 if (!arg_register && !arg_keep_unit && bus)
5408 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
b0067625
ZJS		 5409
5410 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
c67b0082 5411 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
b0067625 5412
5d9d3fcb
CB		 5413 fd_kmsg_fifo = safe_close(fd_kmsg_fifo);
5414
5b4855ab 5415 if (arg_private_network) {
cdd9988e 5416 r = move_back_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
5b4855ab
DDM		 5417 if (r < 0)
5418 return r;
5b4855ab
DDM		 5419 }
5420
8f03de53 5421 r = wait_for_container(TAKE_PID(*pid), &container_status);
b0067625 5422
0bb0a9fa
ZJS		 5423 /* Tell machined that we are gone. */
5424 if (bus)
5425 (void) unregister_machine(bus, arg_machine);
5426
b0067625
ZJS		 5427 if (r < 0)
5428 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
5429 return r;
5430 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
27e29a1e
ZJS		 5431 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
5432 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
5433 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
5434 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
5435 */
2a49b612 5436 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
27e29a1e 5437 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
b0067625 5438 *ret = r;
b0067625
ZJS		 5439 return 0; /* finito */
5440 }
5441
5442 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
5443
5444 if (arg_keep_unit) {
5445 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
5446 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
5447 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
5448 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
5449 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
5450 * set we want to have flushed out. */
2a49b612
ZJS		 5451 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
5452 return 0; /* finito */
b0067625
ZJS		 5453 }
5454
deff68e7
FW		 5455 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5456 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
b0067625
ZJS		 5457
5458 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5459 *veth_created = false;
5460 return 1; /* loop again */
5461}
5462
bf428efb 5463static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
852b6250 5464 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 5.16. Let's pass our container payload
bf428efb
LP		 5465 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
5466 * container execution environments. */
5467
5468 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
852b6250
LP		 5469 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5470 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
5471 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5472 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5473 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5474 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5475 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK },
5476 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
5477 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
5478 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
5479 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5480 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
5481 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5482 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
bf428efb
LP		 5483
5484 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
5485 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
5486 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
5487 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
5488 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
5489 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
5490 };
5491
21c43631 5492 int rl, r;
bf428efb
LP		 5493
5494 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
bf428efb
LP		 5495 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
5496 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
5497 const struct rlimit *v;
5498 struct rlimit buffer;
5499
5500 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
5501 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
5502
21c43631
LP		 5503 r = pid_getrlimit(1, rl, &buffer);
5504 if (r < 0)
5505 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
bf428efb 5506
dbf1aca6
LP		 5507 v = &buffer;
5508 } else if (rl == RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
5509 /* We nowadays bump RLIMIT_NOFILE's hard limit early in PID 1 for all
5510 * userspace. Given that nspawn containers are often run without our PID 1,
5511 * let's grant the containers a raised RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit by default,
5512 * so that container userspace gets similar resources as host userspace
5513 * gets. */
5514 buffer = kernel_defaults[rl];
5515 buffer.rlim_max = MIN((rlim_t) read_nr_open(), (rlim_t) HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);
bf428efb
LP		 5516 v = &buffer;
5517 } else
5518 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
5519
5520 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
5521 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
5522 return log_oom();
5523 }
5524
5525 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
5526 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
5527
5528 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
5529 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
5530 }
5531 }
5532
5533 return 0;
5534}
5535
287b7376 5536static int cant_be_in_netns(void) {
254d1313 5537 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
287b7376
LP		 5538 struct ucred ucred;
5539 int r;
5540
5541 /* Check if we are in the same netns as udev. If we aren't, then device monitoring (and thus waiting
5542 * for loopback block devices) won't work, and we will hang. Detect this case and exit early with a
5543 * nice message. */
5544
5545 if (!arg_image) /* only matters if --image= us used, i.e. we actually need to use loopback devices */
5546 return 0;
5547
5548 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5549 if (fd < 0)
5550 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate udev control socket: %m");
5551
1861986a 5552 r = connect_unix_path(fd, AT_FDCWD, "/run/udev/control");
bb44fd07
ZJS		 5553 if (r == -ENOENT || ERRNO_IS_NEG_DISCONNECT(r))
5554 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5555 "Sorry, but --image= requires access to the host's /run/ hierarchy, since we need access to udev.");
5556 if (r < 0)
1861986a 5557 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect socket to udev control socket: %m");
287b7376
LP		 5558
5559 r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
5560 if (r < 0)
5561 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine peer of udev control socket: %m");
5562
f7a2dc3d 5563 r = in_same_namespace(ucred.pid, 0, NAMESPACE_NET);
287b7376 5564 if (r < 0)
f7a2dc3d
CB		 5565 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine network namespace of udev: %m");
5566 if (r == 0)
287b7376
LP		 5567 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5568 "Sorry, but --image= is only supported in the main network namespace, since we need access to udev/AF_NETLINK.");
5569 return 0;
5570}
5571
44dbef90 5572static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4c27749b 5573 bool remove_directory = false, remove_image = false, veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
5bb1d7fb 5574 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
03cfe0d5 5575 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
2d845785 5576 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5aa3eba5 5577 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
761cf19d 5578 struct ExposeArgs expose_args = {};
8e766630 5579 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
c67b0082 5580 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
2d845785 5581 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
18b5886e 5582 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
761cf19d 5583 _cleanup_(fw_ctx_freep) FirewallContext *fw_ctx = NULL;
7bf011e3 5584 pid_t pid = 0;
03cfe0d5
LP		 5585
5586 log_parse_environment();
5587 log_open();
415fc41c 5588
03cfe0d5
LP		 5589 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5590 if (r <= 0)
5591 goto finish;
5592
38ee19c0
ZJS		 5593 if (geteuid() != 0) {
5594 r = log_warning_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
5595 argc >= 2 ? "Need to be root." :
5596 "Need to be root (and some arguments are usually required).\nHint: try --help");
03cfe0d5 5597 goto finish;
38ee19c0 5598 }
fba868fa 5599
287b7376
LP		 5600 r = cant_be_in_netns();
5601 if (r < 0)
5602 goto finish;
5603
bf428efb
LP		 5604 r = initialize_rlimits();
5605 if (r < 0)
5606 goto finish;
5607
de40a303
LP		 5608 r = load_oci_bundle();
5609 if (r < 0)
5610 goto finish;
5611
300a03be
LP		 5612 r = pick_paths();
5613 if (r < 0)
5614 goto finish;
5615
f757855e
LP		 5616 r = determine_names();
5617 if (r < 0)
5618 goto finish;
5619
5620 r = load_settings();
5621 if (r < 0)
5622 goto finish;
5623
dd78141c
DDM		 5624 /* If we're not unsharing the network namespace and are unsharing the user namespace, we won't have
5625 * permissions to bind ports in the container, so let's drop the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability to
5626 * indicate that. */
5627 if (!arg_private_network && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && arg_uid_shift > 0)
5628 arg_caps_retain &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE);
5629
d4d99bc6 5630 r = cg_unified();
5eee8290
LP		 5631 if (r < 0) {
5632 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
5633 goto finish;
5634 }
5635
f757855e
LP		 5636 r = verify_arguments();
5637 if (r < 0)
5638 goto finish;
03cfe0d5 5639
a342d9e0
YW		 5640 r = resolve_network_interface_names(arg_network_interfaces);
5641 if (r < 0)
5642 goto finish;
5643
2f091b1b
TM		 5644 r = verify_network_interfaces_initialized();
5645 if (r < 0)
5646 goto finish;
5647
49048684
ZJS		 5648 /* Reapply environment settings. */
5649 (void) detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
8199d554 5650
2949ff26
LP		 5651 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
5652 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
5653 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
9c274488 5654 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE);
2949ff26 5655
03cfe0d5
LP		 5656 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
5657 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
5658 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
5659 if (r < 0) {
5660 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
5661 goto finish;
5662 }
5663 }
5664
83e803a9
ZJS		 5665 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
5666 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
5667 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
5668 umask(0022);
5669
03cfe0d5
LP		 5670 if (arg_directory) {
5671 assert(!arg_image);
5672
b35ca61a
LP		 5673 /* Safety precaution: let's not allow running images from the live host OS image, as long as
5674 * /var from the host will propagate into container dynamically (because bad things happen if
5675 * two systems write to the same /var). Let's allow it for the special cases where /var is
5676 * either copied (i.e. --ephemeral) or replaced (i.e. --volatile=yes|state). */
5677 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !(arg_ephemeral || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_STATE))) {
1406bd66
LP		 5678 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5679 "Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral, --volatile=yes or --volatile=state.");
03cfe0d5
LP		 5680 goto finish;
5681 }
5682
5683 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5684 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5685
f461a28d 5686 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5687 if (r < 0)
5688 goto finish;
5689
7bf011e3
LP		 5690 /* If the specified path is a mount point we generate the new snapshot immediately
5691 * inside it under a random name. However if the specified is not a mount point we
5692 * create the new snapshot in the parent directory, just next to it. */
b409aacb 5693 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory);
03cfe0d5
LP		 5694 if (r < 0) {
5695 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
5696 goto finish;
5697 }
5698 if (r > 0)
770b5ce4 5699 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
03cfe0d5 5700 else
770b5ce4 5701 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
03cfe0d5 5702 if (r < 0) {
0f3be6ca 5703 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 5704 goto finish;
5705 }
5706
6992459c 5707 /* We take an exclusive lock on this image, since it's our private, ephemeral copy
162392b7 5708 * only owned by us and no one else. */
6992459c 5709 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
03cfe0d5
LP		 5710 if (r < 0) {
5711 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
5712 goto finish;
5713 }
5714
7bf011e3
LP		 5715 {
5716 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
fab4ef72
DDM		 5717 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_directory, AT_FDCWD, np,
5718 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5719 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5720 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5721 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5722 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5723 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
7bf011e3
LP		 5724 }
5725 if (r == -EINTR) {
5726 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", np);
5727 goto finish;
5728 }
03cfe0d5
LP		 5729 if (r < 0) {
5730 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
5731 goto finish;
ec16945e
LP		 5732 }
5733
1cc6c93a 5734 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
17cbb288 5735 remove_directory = true;
30535c16 5736 } else {
f461a28d 5737 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
8d4aa2bb
LP		 5738 if (r < 0)
5739 goto finish;
5740
30535c16
LP		 5741 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5742 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5743 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
5744 goto finish;
5745 }
5746 if (r < 0) {
5747 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
476b8254 5748 goto finish;
30535c16
LP		 5749 }
5750
5751 if (arg_template) {
f461a28d 5752 r = chase_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5753 if (r < 0)
5754 goto finish;
5755
7bf011e3
LP		 5756 {
5757 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
fab4ef72
DDM		 5758 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_template, AT_FDCWD, arg_directory,
5759 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5760 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5761 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5762 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
5763 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5764 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5765 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
7bf011e3 5766 }
ff6c6cc1
LP		 5767 if (r == -EEXIST)
5768 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5769 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
7bf011e3
LP		 5770 else if (r == -EINTR) {
5771 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", arg_directory);
5772 goto finish;
5773 } else if (r < 0) {
83521414 5774 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
30535c16 5775 goto finish;
ff6c6cc1
LP		 5776 } else
5777 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5778 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
30535c16 5779 }
ec16945e
LP		 5780 }
5781
7732f92b 5782 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
aff7ae0d 5783 _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
a5201ed6 5784 const char *p;
d4317fe1 5785 int check_os_release, is_os_tree;
c9fe05e0 5786
aff7ae0d
LP		 5787 if (arg_pivot_root_new) {
5788 b = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
41de458a
LP		 5789 if (!b) {
5790 r = log_oom();
5791 goto finish;
5792 }
aff7ae0d
LP		 5793
5794 p = b;
5795 } else
a5201ed6 5796 p = arg_directory;
c9fe05e0 5797
d4317fe1
FS		 5798 check_os_release = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE");
5799 if (check_os_release < 0 && check_os_release != -ENXIO) {
5800 r = log_error_errno(check_os_release, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE: %m");
5801 goto finish;
5802 }
5803
5804 is_os_tree = path_is_os_tree(p);
5805 if (is_os_tree == 0 && check_os_release == 0)
5806 log_debug("Directory %s is missing an os-release file, continuing anyway.", p);
5807 else if (is_os_tree <= 0) {
aff7ae0d
LP		 5808 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5809 "Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5810 goto finish;
5811 }
5812 } else {
aff7ae0d 5813 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
c9fe05e0 5814
a5201ed6 5815 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
aff7ae0d 5816 p = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new, "/usr/");
a5201ed6 5817 else
aff7ae0d 5818 p = path_join(arg_directory, "/usr/");
41de458a
LP		 5819 if (!p) {
5820 r = log_oom();
5821 goto finish;
5822 }
1b9e5b12 5823
aff7ae0d
LP		 5824 if (laccess(p, F_OK) < 0) {
5825 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5826 "Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree (/usr/ directory is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
1b9e5b12 5827 goto finish;
1b9e5b12
LP		 5828 }
5829 }
ec16945e 5830
6b9132a9 5831 } else {
d04faa4e 5832 DissectImageFlags dissect_image_flags =
4b5de5dd 5833 DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
d04faa4e
LP		 5834 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
5835 DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
73d88b80
LP		 5836 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT |
5837 DISSECT_IMAGE_ADD_PARTITION_DEVICES |
5838 DISSECT_IMAGE_PIN_PARTITION_DEVICES;
ec16945e
LP		 5839 assert(arg_image);
5840 assert(!arg_template);
5841
f461a28d 5842 r = chase_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
3f342ec4
LP		 5843 if (r < 0)
5844 goto finish;
5845
0f3be6ca
LP		 5846 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5847 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5848
5849 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
5850 if (r < 0) {
5851 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
5852 goto finish;
5853 }
5854
6992459c
LP		 5855 /* Always take an exclusive lock on our own ephemeral copy. */
5856 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
0f3be6ca 5857 if (r < 0) {
af255804 5858 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
0f3be6ca
LP		 5859 goto finish;
5860 }
5861
7bf011e3
LP		 5862 {
5863 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
7c2f5495
DDM		 5864 r = copy_file_full(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600,
5865 FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL,
5866 COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME|COPY_SIGINT,
5867 NULL, NULL);
7bf011e3
LP		 5868 }
5869 if (r == -EINTR) {
5870 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying image file to %s, removed again.", np);
5871 goto finish;
5872 }
0f3be6ca
LP		 5873 if (r < 0) {
5874 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
5875 goto finish;
5876 }
5877
1cc6c93a 5878 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
0f3be6ca
LP		 5879 remove_image = true;
5880 } else {
5881 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5882 if (r == -EBUSY) {
af255804 5883 log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
0f3be6ca
LP		 5884 goto finish;
5885 }
5886 if (r < 0) {
af255804 5887 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
0f3be6ca
LP		 5888 goto finish;
5889 }
4623e8e6 5890
89e62e0b
LP		 5891 r = verity_settings_load(
5892 &arg_verity_settings,
5893 arg_image, NULL, NULL);
e7cbe5cb
LB		 5894 if (r < 0) {
5895 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read verity artefacts for %s: %m", arg_image);
5896 goto finish;
78ebe980 5897 }
89e62e0b
LP		 5898
5899 if (arg_verity_settings.data_path)
5900 dissect_image_flags |= DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE;
30535c16
LP		 5901 }
5902
c67b0082 5903 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
0f3be6ca 5904 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
6b9132a9 5905 goto finish;
1b9e5b12 5906 }
6b9132a9 5907
c67b0082
LP		 5908 remove_tmprootdir = true;
5909
5910 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5911 if (!arg_directory) {
5912 r = log_oom();
5913 goto finish;
6b9132a9 5914 }
88213476 5915
89e62e0b
LP		 5916 r = loop_device_make_by_path(
5917 arg_image,
5918 arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
22ee78a8 5919 /* sector_size= */ UINT32_MAX,
89e62e0b 5920 FLAGS_SET(dissect_image_flags, DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE) ? 0 : LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN,
7f52206a 5921 LOCK_SH,
89e62e0b 5922 &loop);
2d845785
LP		 5923 if (r < 0) {
5924 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
842f3b0f
LP		 5925 goto finish;
5926 }
1b9e5b12 5927
bad31660 5928 r = dissect_loop_device_and_warn(
bad31660 5929 loop,
89e62e0b 5930 &arg_verity_settings,
84be0c71
LP		 5931 /* mount_options=*/ NULL,
5932 arg_image_policy ?: &image_policy_container,
e7cbe5cb 5933 dissect_image_flags,
e0f9e7bd 5934 &dissected_image);
2d845785 5935 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
4526113f 5936 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
2d845785
LP		 5937 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
5938 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
5939 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
db811444 5940 " c) or follow https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/discoverable_partitions_specification\n"
2d845785
LP		 5941 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
5942 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
1b9e5b12 5943 goto finish;
2d845785 5944 }
4526113f 5945 if (r < 0)
842f3b0f 5946 goto finish;
1b9e5b12 5947
88b3300f
LP		 5948 r = dissected_image_load_verity_sig_partition(
5949 dissected_image,
5950 loop->fd,
5951 &arg_verity_settings);
5952 if (r < 0)
5953 goto finish;
5954
8ee9615e
LP		 5955 if (dissected_image->has_verity && !arg_verity_settings.root_hash && !dissected_image->has_verity_sig)
5956 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified and no embedded "
5957 "root hash signature found! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
4623e8e6 5958
89e62e0b
LP		 5959 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(
5960 dissected_image,
5961 NULL,
5962 &arg_verity_settings,
e330f97a 5963 0);
1b9e5b12
LP		 5964 if (r < 0)
5965 goto finish;
0f3be6ca
LP		 5966
5967 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
5968 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
5969 remove_image = false;
4c27749b
LP		 5970
5971 if (arg_architecture < 0)
5972 arg_architecture = dissected_image_architecture(dissected_image);
842f3b0f 5973 }
842f3b0f 5974
86c0dd4a 5975 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5a8af538
LP		 5976 if (r < 0)
5977 goto finish;
5978
de40a303 5979 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
dd9c8da8
MY		 5980 arg_console_mode = isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) ?
5981 CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
9c857b9d 5982
de40a303
LP		 5983 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
5984 arg_quiet = true;
a258bf26 5985
1807baa9
LP		 5986 if (!arg_quiet) {
5987 const char *t = arg_image ?: arg_directory;
5988 _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;
5989 (void) terminal_urlify_path(t, t, &u);
5990
5991 log_info("%s %sSpawning container %s on %s.%s\n"
5992 "%s %sPress %sCtrl-]%s three times within 1s to kill container.%s",
5993 special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_LIGHT_SHADE), ansi_grey(), arg_machine, u ?: t, ansi_normal(),
5994 special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_LIGHT_SHADE), ansi_grey(), ansi_highlight(), ansi_grey(), ansi_normal());
5995 }
9c857b9d 5996
988851b6 5997 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGRTMIN+18, -1) >= 0);
a258bf26 5998
8c3fe1b5
LP		 5999 r = make_reaper_process(true);
6000 if (r < 0) {
6001 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
03cfe0d5
LP		 6002 goto finish;
6003 }
6004
761cf19d
FW		 6005 if (arg_expose_ports) {
6006 r = fw_ctx_new(&fw_ctx);
6007 if (r < 0) {
6008 log_error_errno(r, "Cannot expose configured ports, firewall initialization failed: %m");
6009 goto finish;
6010 }
6011 expose_args.fw_ctx = fw_ctx;
6012 }
d87be9b0 6013 for (;;) {
3acc84eb 6014 r = run_container(dissected_image,
44dbef90
LP		 6015 fds,
6016 veth_name, &veth_created,
761cf19d 6017 &expose_args, &master,
44dbef90 6018 &pid, &ret);
b0067625 6019 if (r <= 0)
d87be9b0 6020 break;
d87be9b0 6021 }
88213476
LP		 6022
6023finish:
04f590a4
LP		 6024 (void) sd_notify(false,
6025 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
6026 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
af4ec430 6027
9444b1f2 6028 if (pid > 0)
c67b0082 6029 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
88213476 6030
503546da 6031 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
6a0f896b 6032 if (master >= 0) {
f5fbe71d 6033 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, UINT64_MAX, 0);
6a0f896b
LP		 6034 master = safe_close(master);
6035 }
6036
6037 if (pid > 0)
6038 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
503546da 6039
50ebcf6c
LP		 6040 pager_close();
6041
17cbb288 6042 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
ec16945e
LP		 6043 int k;
6044
17cbb288 6045 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
ec16945e 6046 if (k < 0)
17cbb288 6047 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
ec16945e
LP		 6048 }
6049
0f3be6ca
LP		 6050 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
6051 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
6052 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
6053 }
6054
c67b0082
LP		 6055 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
6056 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
6057 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
6058 }
6059
785890ac
LP		 6060 if (arg_machine) {
6061 const char *p;
6062
63c372cb 6063 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
c6878637 6064 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
613fb4b6
LP		 6065
6066 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/unix-export/", arg_machine);
6067 (void) umount2(p, MNT_DETACH|UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW);
6068 (void) rmdir(p);
785890ac
LP		 6069 }
6070
deff68e7
FW		 6071 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args.address4);
6072 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args.address6);
7513c5b8
LP		 6073
6074 if (veth_created)
6075 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
22b28dfd 6076 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
f757855e 6077
f757855e
LP		 6078 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
6079 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
bf428efb 6080 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
b2645747 6081 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
6d0b55c2 6082
44dbef90
LP		 6083 if (r < 0)
6084 return r;
6085
6086 return ret;
88213476 6087}
44dbef90
LP		 6088
6089DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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