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215a7ad1 JH |
1 | git-clone(1) |
2 | ============ | |
6ec311da JH |
3 | |
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
29cf5e12 | 6 | git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory |
6ec311da JH |
7 | |
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
353ce815 | 11 | [verse] |
b1889c36 | 12 | 'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>] |
bc699afc | 13 | [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror] |
db9bc00e | 14 | [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>] |
b57fb80a | 15 | [--separate-git-dir|-L <git dir>] |
ccdd3da6 JL |
16 | [--depth <depth>] [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository> |
17 | [<directory>] | |
6ec311da JH |
18 | |
19 | DESCRIPTION | |
20 | ----------- | |
4607166d | 21 | |
db9819a4 BF |
22 | Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates |
23 | remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository | |
33405be3 JN |
24 | (visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an |
25 | initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's | |
26 | currently active branch. | |
4607166d | 27 | |
db9819a4 BF |
28 | After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update |
29 | all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without | |
30 | arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the | |
1170e802 | 31 | current master branch, if any. |
4607166d | 32 | |
db9819a4 | 33 | This default configuration is achieved by creating references to |
cc1b8d8b | 34 | the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and |
db9819a4 BF |
35 | by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch` |
36 | configuration variables. | |
6ec311da | 37 | |
f4bf2184 | 38 | |
6ec311da JH |
39 | OPTIONS |
40 | ------- | |
a2775c2a | 41 | --local:: |
6ec311da JH |
42 | -l:: |
43 | When the repository to clone from is on a local machine, | |
550c66f3 | 44 | this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport |
6ec311da JH |
45 | mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of |
46 | HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories. | |
3d5c418f JH |
47 | The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked |
48 | to save space when possible. This is now the default when | |
49 | the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo` | |
50 | syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option. To force | |
51 | copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable | |
52 | if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository), | |
53 | but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport | |
54 | mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used. | |
55 | ||
56 | --no-hardlinks:: | |
57 | Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a | |
58 | local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects` | |
59 | directory. | |
6ec311da | 60 | |
a2775c2a EB |
61 | --shared:: |
62 | -s:: | |
63 | When the repository to clone is on the local machine, | |
4607166d | 64 | instead of using hard links, automatically setup |
550c66f3 | 65 | `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects |
4607166d JH |
66 | with the source repository. The resulting repository |
67 | starts out without any object of its own. | |
84668872 MV |
68 | + |
69 | *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use | |
70 | it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your | |
2498a1ad BC |
71 | repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any |
72 | other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the | |
73 | source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling). | |
550c66f3 | 74 | These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`) |
483bc4f0 JN |
75 | which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].) |
76 | If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository, | |
77 | then the cloned repository will become corrupt. | |
13354f53 JK |
78 | + |
79 | Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository | |
80 | cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack | |
81 | in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`. | |
82 | It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by | |
83 | default. | |
84 | + | |
85 | If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on | |
86 | its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all | |
87 | objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. | |
a2775c2a | 88 | |
23edecbc | 89 | --reference <repository>:: |
40592376 | 90 | If the reference repository is on the local machine, |
550c66f3 | 91 | automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to |
23edecbc SP |
92 | obtain objects from the reference repository. Using |
93 | an already existing repository as an alternate will | |
451e5931 | 94 | require fewer objects to be copied from the repository |
23edecbc | 95 | being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs. |
2498a1ad | 96 | + |
550c66f3 | 97 | *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option. |
23edecbc | 98 | |
a2775c2a | 99 | --quiet:: |
6ec311da | 100 | -q:: |
488c3163 TRC |
101 | Operate quietly. Progress is not reported to the standard |
102 | error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync' | |
d3296e37 | 103 | command when given. |
6ec311da | 104 | |
21188b1e MV |
105 | --verbose:: |
106 | -v:: | |
c54b74af TRC |
107 | Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status |
108 | to the standard error stream. | |
5a518ad4 TRC |
109 | |
110 | --progress:: | |
488c3163 TRC |
111 | Progress status is reported on the standard error stream |
112 | by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q | |
113 | is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the | |
114 | standard error stream is not directed to a terminal. | |
21188b1e | 115 | |
fd0368f9 | 116 | --no-checkout:: |
a2775c2a EB |
117 | -n:: |
118 | No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete. | |
119 | ||
87e80c4b JH |
120 | --bare:: |
121 | Make a 'bare' GIT repository. That is, instead of | |
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122 | creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative |
123 | files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>` | |
71821351 PB |
124 | itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n` |
125 | because there is nowhere to check out the working tree. | |
126 | Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly | |
127 | to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping | |
128 | them to `refs/remotes/origin/`. When this option is | |
36566cc0 BF |
129 | used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related |
130 | configuration variables are created. | |
8a1a120c | 131 | |
bc699afc | 132 | --mirror:: |
6db2103f UKK |
133 | Set up a mirror of the source repository. This implies `--bare`. |
134 | Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the | |
135 | source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including | |
29b9a66f | 136 | remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such |
6db2103f UKK |
137 | that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the |
138 | target repository. | |
bc699afc | 139 | |
ba158a32 | 140 | --origin <name>:: |
e6c310fd | 141 | -o <name>:: |
550c66f3 BG |
142 | Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track |
143 | of the upstream repository, use `<name>`. | |
e6c310fd | 144 | |
7a4ee28f JK |
145 | --branch <name>:: |
146 | -b <name>:: | |
147 | Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed | |
550c66f3 | 148 | to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch |
7a4ee28f JK |
149 | instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will |
150 | be checked out. | |
151 | ||
a2775c2a | 152 | --upload-pack <upload-pack>:: |
6ec311da | 153 | -u <upload-pack>:: |
d3296e37 SH |
154 | When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed |
155 | via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command | |
6ec311da JH |
156 | run on the other end. |
157 | ||
a57c8bac JH |
158 | --template=<template_directory>:: |
159 | Specify the directory from which templates will be used; | |
d8a8488d | 160 | (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].) |
a57c8bac | 161 | |
f496454e | 162 | --depth <depth>:: |
f4bf2184 | 163 | Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the |
d9d10bb8 | 164 | specified number of revisions. A shallow repository has a |
f4bf2184 JH |
165 | number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from |
166 | it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you | |
d9d10bb8 RW |
167 | are only interested in the recent history of a large project |
168 | with a long history, and would want to send in fixes | |
f4bf2184 JH |
169 | as patches. |
170 | ||
e7fed18a | 171 | --recursive:: |
ccdd3da6 | 172 | --recurse-submodules:: |
e7fed18a JH |
173 | After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within, |
174 | using their default settings. This is equivalent to running | |
550c66f3 | 175 | `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after |
e7fed18a JH |
176 | the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned |
177 | repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of | |
178 | `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given) | |
179 | ||
b57fb80a NTND |
180 | -L=<git dir>:: |
181 | --separate-git-dir=<git dir>:: | |
182 | Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed | |
183 | to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory, | |
184 | then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there. | |
185 | The result is git repository can be separated from working | |
186 | tree. | |
187 | ||
188 | ||
6ec311da | 189 | <repository>:: |
37ba0561 AR |
190 | The (possibly remote) repository to clone from. See the |
191 | <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying | |
192 | repositories. | |
6ec311da JH |
193 | |
194 | <directory>:: | |
fb6a9f93 | 195 | The name of a new directory to clone into. The "humanish" |
0879aa28 | 196 | part of the source repository is used if no directory is |
550c66f3 BG |
197 | explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo` |
198 | for `host.xz:foo/.git`). Cloning into an existing directory | |
ec00d6e0 | 199 | is only allowed if the directory is empty. |
4607166d | 200 | |
347989f4 | 201 | :git-clone: 1 |
37ba0561 AR |
202 | include::urls.txt[] |
203 | ||
1e2ccd3a | 204 | Examples |
2b5f3ed3 | 205 | -------- |
1e2ccd3a | 206 | |
47638685 | 207 | * Clone from upstream: |
1e2ccd3a JH |
208 | + |
209 | ------------ | |
210 | $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6 | |
211 | $ cd my2.6 | |
212 | $ make | |
213 | ------------ | |
214 | ||
215 | ||
47638685 | 216 | * Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out: |
1e2ccd3a JH |
217 | + |
218 | ------------ | |
219 | $ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy | |
a6e3768f | 220 | $ cd ../copy |
1e2ccd3a JH |
221 | $ git show-branch |
222 | ------------ | |
223 | ||
8a1a120c | 224 | |
47638685 | 225 | * Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory: |
23edecbc SP |
226 | + |
227 | ------------ | |
228 | $ git clone --reference my2.6 \ | |
229 | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \ | |
230 | my2.7 | |
231 | $ cd my2.7 | |
232 | ------------ | |
233 | ||
234 | ||
47638685 | 235 | * Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public: |
8a1a120c JH |
236 | + |
237 | ------------ | |
87e80c4b | 238 | $ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git |
8a1a120c JH |
239 | ------------ |
240 | ||
241 | ||
47638685 | 242 | * Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus: |
8a1a120c JH |
243 | + |
244 | ------------ | |
87e80c4b | 245 | $ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \ |
8a1a120c JH |
246 | /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git |
247 | ------------ | |
248 | ||
6ec311da JH |
249 | GIT |
250 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 251 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |