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215a7ad1 JH |
1 | git-format-patch(1) |
2 | =================== | |
7fc9d69f JH |
3 | |
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
7bd7f280 | 6 | git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission |
7fc9d69f JH |
7 | |
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
353ce815 | 11 | [verse] |
50710ce4 | 12 | 'git format-patch' [-k] [(-o|--output-directory) <dir> | --stdout] |
f693b7e9 | 13 | [--no-thread | --thread[=<style>]] |
50710ce4 SB |
14 | [(--attach|--inline)[=<boundary>] | --no-attach] |
15 | [-s | --signoff] | |
6622d9c7 | 16 | [--signature=<signature> | --no-signature] |
a5a27c79 DB |
17 | [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered] |
18 | [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files] | |
19 | [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>] | |
20 | [--ignore-if-in-upstream] | |
21 | [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] | |
ae6c098f | 22 | [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>] |
e422c0cf | 23 | [--cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]] |
50710ce4 | 24 | [<common diff options>] |
8a1d076e | 25 | [ <since> | <revision range> ] |
7fc9d69f JH |
26 | |
27 | DESCRIPTION | |
28 | ----------- | |
2052d146 | 29 | |
8a1d076e | 30 | Prepare each commit with its patch in |
2052d146 | 31 | one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format. |
2052d146 | 32 | The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or |
0b444cdb | 33 | for use with 'git am'. |
35ef3a4c | 34 | |
8a1d076e JH |
35 | There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on. |
36 | ||
37 | 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading | |
38 | to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history | |
39 | that leads to the <since> to be output. | |
40 | ||
41 | 2. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING | |
9d83e382 | 42 | REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7]) means the |
2f6a3823 JH |
43 | commits in the specified range. |
44 | ||
2d266f9d TR |
45 | The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>. To |
46 | apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of | |
dce5ef14 | 47 | history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: `git format-patch |
6cf378f0 | 48 | --root <commit>`. If you want to format only <commit> itself, you |
dce5ef14 | 49 | can do this with `git format-patch -1 <commit>`. |
8a1d076e | 50 | |
e6ff0f42 | 51 | By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the |
2052d146 | 52 | first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as |
dce5ef14 | 53 | the filename. With the `--numbered-files` option, the output file names |
e6ff0f42 JL |
54 | will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended. |
55 | The names of the output files are printed to standard | |
dce5ef14 | 56 | output, unless the `--stdout` option is specified. |
66f04f38 | 57 | |
dce5ef14 | 58 | If `-o` is specified, output files are created in <dir>. Otherwise |
2052d146 | 59 | they are created in the current working directory. |
35ef3a4c | 60 | |
52ffe995 JW |
61 | By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] " followed by |
62 | the concatenation of lines from the commit message up to the first blank | |
63 | line (see the DISCUSSION section of linkgit:git-commit[1]). | |
64 | ||
65 | When multiple patches are output, the subject prefix will instead be | |
66 | "[PATCH n/m] ". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use `-n`. | |
67 | To omit patch numbers from the subject, use `-N`. | |
35ef3a4c | 68 | |
dce5ef14 BG |
69 | If given `--thread`, `git-format-patch` will generate `In-Reply-To` and |
70 | `References` headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear | |
71 | as replies to the first mail; this also generates a `Message-Id` header to | |
cc35de84 | 72 | reference. |
7fc9d69f JH |
73 | |
74 | OPTIONS | |
75 | ------- | |
c1a95fa6 | 76 | :git-format-patch: 1 |
b8105375 BG |
77 | include::diff-options.txt[] |
78 | ||
ed5f07a6 | 79 | -<n>:: |
2c642ed8 | 80 | Prepare patches from the topmost <n> commits. |
ed5f07a6 | 81 | |
3240240f SB |
82 | -o <dir>:: |
83 | --output-directory <dir>:: | |
35ef3a4c | 84 | Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the |
efd02016 | 85 | current working directory. |
35ef3a4c | 86 | |
3240240f SB |
87 | -n:: |
88 | --numbered:: | |
a567fdcb | 89 | Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format, even with a single patch. |
35ef3a4c | 90 | |
3240240f SB |
91 | -N:: |
92 | --no-numbered:: | |
49604a4d BG |
93 | Name output in '[PATCH]' format. |
94 | ||
2052d146 DS |
95 | --start-number <n>:: |
96 | Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1. | |
97 | ||
e6ff0f42 JL |
98 | --numbered-files:: |
99 | Output file names will be a simple number sequence | |
100 | without the default first line of the commit appended. | |
e6ff0f42 | 101 | |
3240240f SB |
102 | -k:: |
103 | --keep-subject:: | |
35ef3a4c JH |
104 | Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the |
105 | commit log message. | |
106 | ||
3240240f SB |
107 | -s:: |
108 | --signoff:: | |
6f855371 NW |
109 | Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using |
110 | the committer identity of yourself. | |
111 | ||
54ba6013 | 112 | --stdout:: |
2052d146 DS |
113 | Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format, |
114 | instead of creating a file for each one. | |
7fc9d69f | 115 | |
c112f689 JS |
116 | --attach[=<boundary>]:: |
117 | Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of | |
118 | which is the commit message and the patch itself in the | |
dce5ef14 | 119 | second part, with `Content-Disposition: attachment`. |
c112f689 | 120 | |
0db5260b JW |
121 | --no-attach:: |
122 | Disable the creation of an attachment, overriding the | |
123 | configuration setting. | |
124 | ||
c112f689 JS |
125 | --inline[=<boundary>]:: |
126 | Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of | |
127 | which is the commit message and the patch itself in the | |
dce5ef14 | 128 | second part, with `Content-Disposition: inline`. |
a15a44ef | 129 | |
30984ed2 | 130 | --thread[=<style>]:: |
f693b7e9 | 131 | --no-thread:: |
dce5ef14 | 132 | Controls addition of `In-Reply-To` and `References` headers to |
f693b7e9 | 133 | make the second and subsequent mails appear as replies to the |
dce5ef14 | 134 | first. Also controls generation of the `Message-Id` header to |
f693b7e9 | 135 | reference. |
30984ed2 TR |
136 | + |
137 | The optional <style> argument can be either `shallow` or `deep`. | |
fd1ff306 | 138 | 'shallow' threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the |
30984ed2 | 139 | series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the |
6cf378f0 | 140 | `--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order. 'deep' |
f693b7e9 YD |
141 | threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one. |
142 | + | |
dce5ef14 BG |
143 | The default is `--no-thread`, unless the 'format.thread' configuration |
144 | is set. If `--thread` is specified without a style, it defaults to the | |
f693b7e9 YD |
145 | style specified by 'format.thread' if any, or else `shallow`. |
146 | + | |
147 | Beware that the default for 'git send-email' is to thread emails | |
dce5ef14 BG |
148 | itself. If you want `git format-patch` to take care of threading, you |
149 | will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`. | |
28ffb898 | 150 | |
da56645d | 151 | --in-reply-to=Message-Id:: |
dce5ef14 | 152 | Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a |
da56645d JT |
153 | reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to |
154 | provide a new patch series. | |
155 | ||
cc75ad67 DK |
156 | --ignore-if-in-upstream:: |
157 | Do not include a patch that matches a commit in | |
158 | <until>..<since>. This will examine all patches reachable | |
159 | from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the | |
160 | patches being generated, and any patch that matches is | |
161 | ignored. | |
162 | ||
2d9e4a47 RJ |
163 | --subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>:: |
164 | Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject | |
165 | line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This | |
166 | allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be | |
dce5ef14 | 167 | combined with the `--numbered` option. |
2d9e4a47 | 168 | |
ae6c098f SD |
169 | --to=<email>:: |
170 | Add a `To:` header to the email headers. This is in addition | |
171 | to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times. | |
b2cd17b9 TR |
172 | The negated form `--no-to` discards all `To:` headers added so |
173 | far (from config or command line). | |
ae6c098f | 174 | |
736cc67d | 175 | --cc=<email>:: |
dce5ef14 | 176 | Add a `Cc:` header to the email headers. This is in addition |
736cc67d | 177 | to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times. |
b2cd17b9 TR |
178 | The negated form `--no-cc` discards all `Cc:` headers added so |
179 | far (from config or command line). | |
736cc67d | 180 | |
d7d9c2d0 MH |
181 | --add-header=<header>:: |
182 | Add an arbitrary header to the email headers. This is in addition | |
183 | to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times. | |
b2cd17b9 TR |
184 | For example, `--add-header="Organization: git-foo"`. |
185 | The negated form `--no-add-header` discards *all* (`To:`, | |
186 | `Cc:`, and custom) headers added so far from config or command | |
187 | line. | |
d7d9c2d0 | 188 | |
a5a27c79 | 189 | --cover-letter:: |
f4912391 MM |
190 | In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file |
191 | containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat. You can | |
192 | fill in a description in the file before sending it out. | |
a5a27c79 | 193 | |
e422c0cf JH |
194 | --notes[=<ref>]:: |
195 | Append the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) for the commit | |
196 | after the three-dash line. | |
197 | + | |
198 | The expected use case of this is to write supporting explanation for | |
6454d9f1 PO |
199 | the commit that does not belong to the commit log message proper, |
200 | and include it with the patch submission. While one can simply write | |
201 | these explanations after `format-patch` has run but before sending, | |
202 | keeping them as git notes allows them to be maintained between versions | |
203 | of the patch series (but see the discussion of the `notes.rewrite` | |
204 | configuration options in linkgit:git-notes[1] to use this workflow). | |
e422c0cf | 205 | |
6622d9c7 SB |
206 | --[no]-signature=<signature>:: |
207 | Add a signature to each message produced. Per RFC 3676 the signature | |
208 | is separated from the body by a line with '-- ' on it. If the | |
209 | signature option is omitted the signature defaults to the git version | |
210 | number. | |
211 | ||
03eeaeae | 212 | --suffix=.<sfx>:: |
917a8f89 | 213 | Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated |
02783075 | 214 | filenames, use specified suffix. A common alternative is |
50710ce4 SB |
215 | `--suffix=.txt`. Leaving this empty will remove the `.patch` |
216 | suffix. | |
03eeaeae | 217 | + |
50710ce4 SB |
218 | Note that the leading character does not have to be a dot; for example, |
219 | you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`. | |
03eeaeae | 220 | |
b781cfaf CMN |
221 | --quiet:: |
222 | Do not print the names of the generated files to standard output. | |
223 | ||
37c22a4b | 224 | --no-binary:: |
50710ce4 SB |
225 | Do not output contents of changes in binary files, instead |
226 | display a notice that those files changed. Patches generated | |
227 | using this option cannot be applied properly, but they are | |
228 | still useful for code review. | |
37c22a4b | 229 | |
2d266f9d TR |
230 | --root:: |
231 | Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it | |
232 | is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a | |
233 | <since>). Note that root commits included in the specified | |
234 | range are always formatted as creation patches, independently | |
235 | of this flag. | |
236 | ||
96ce6d26 MM |
237 | CONFIGURATION |
238 | ------------- | |
50710ce4 SB |
239 | You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message, |
240 | defaults for the subject prefix and file suffix, number patches when | |
ae6c098f SD |
241 | outputting more than one patch, add "To" or "Cc:" headers, configure |
242 | attachments, and sign off patches with configuration variables. | |
96ce6d26 | 243 | |
917a8f89 | 244 | ------------ |
96ce6d26 | 245 | [format] |
7f9d77f2 JN |
246 | headers = "Organization: git-foo\n" |
247 | subjectprefix = CHANGE | |
248 | suffix = .txt | |
249 | numbered = auto | |
ae6c098f | 250 | to = <email> |
fe8928e6 | 251 | cc = <email> |
0db5260b | 252 | attach [ = mime-boundary-string ] |
1d1876e9 | 253 | signoff = true |
917a8f89 | 254 | ------------ |
03eeaeae | 255 | |
96ce6d26 | 256 | |
e0d48279 JN |
257 | DISCUSSION |
258 | ---------- | |
259 | ||
260 | The patch produced by 'git format-patch' is in UNIX mailbox format, | |
261 | with a fixed "magic" time stamp to indicate that the file is output | |
262 | from format-patch rather than a real mailbox, like so: | |
263 | ||
264 | ------------ | |
265 | From 8f72bad1baf19a53459661343e21d6491c3908d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 | |
266 | From: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> | |
267 | Date: Tue, 13 Jul 2010 11:42:54 -0700 | |
268 | Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?[IA64]=20Put=20ia64=20config=20files=20on=20the=20?= | |
269 | =?UTF-8?q?Uwe=20Kleine-K=C3=B6nig=20diet?= | |
270 | MIME-Version: 1.0 | |
271 | Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 | |
272 | Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit | |
273 | ||
274 | arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script | |
275 | (See commit c2330e286f68f1c408b4aa6515ba49d57f05beae comment) | |
276 | ||
277 | Do the same for ia64 so we can have sleek & trim looking | |
278 | ... | |
279 | ------------ | |
280 | ||
281 | Typically it will be placed in a MUA's drafts folder, edited to add | |
282 | timely commentary that should not go in the changelog after the three | |
283 | dashes, and then sent as a message whose body, in our example, starts | |
284 | with "arch/arm config files were...". On the receiving end, readers | |
285 | can save interesting patches in a UNIX mailbox and apply them with | |
286 | linkgit:git-am[1]. | |
287 | ||
288 | When a patch is part of an ongoing discussion, the patch generated by | |
289 | 'git format-patch' can be tweaked to take advantage of the 'git am | |
290 | --scissors' feature. After your response to the discussion comes a | |
291 | line that consists solely of "`-- >8 --`" (scissors and perforation), | |
292 | followed by the patch with unnecessary header fields removed: | |
293 | ||
294 | ------------ | |
295 | ... | |
296 | > So we should do such-and-such. | |
297 | ||
298 | Makes sense to me. How about this patch? | |
299 | ||
300 | -- >8 -- | |
301 | Subject: [IA64] Put ia64 config files on the Uwe Kleine-König diet | |
302 | ||
303 | arch/arm config files were slimmed down using a python script | |
304 | ... | |
305 | ------------ | |
306 | ||
307 | When sending a patch this way, most often you are sending your own | |
308 | patch, so in addition to the "`From $SHA1 $magic_timestamp`" marker you | |
309 | should omit `From:` and `Date:` lines from the patch file. The patch | |
310 | title is likely to be different from the subject of the discussion the | |
311 | patch is in response to, so it is likely that you would want to keep | |
312 | the Subject: line, like the example above. | |
313 | ||
57756161 JN |
314 | Checking for patch corruption |
315 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
316 | Many mailers if not set up properly will corrupt whitespace. Here are | |
317 | two common types of corruption: | |
318 | ||
319 | * Empty context lines that do not have _any_ whitespace. | |
320 | ||
321 | * Non-empty context lines that have one extra whitespace at the | |
322 | beginning. | |
323 | ||
324 | One way to test if your MUA is set up correctly is: | |
325 | ||
326 | * Send the patch to yourself, exactly the way you would, except | |
327 | with To: and Cc: lines that do not contain the list and | |
328 | maintainer address. | |
329 | ||
330 | * Save that patch to a file in UNIX mailbox format. Call it a.patch, | |
331 | say. | |
332 | ||
333 | * Apply it: | |
334 | ||
335 | $ git fetch <project> master:test-apply | |
336 | $ git checkout test-apply | |
337 | $ git reset --hard | |
338 | $ git am a.patch | |
339 | ||
340 | If it does not apply correctly, there can be various reasons. | |
341 | ||
342 | * The patch itself does not apply cleanly. That is _bad_ but | |
343 | does not have much to do with your MUA. You might want to rebase | |
344 | the patch with linkgit:git-rebase[1] before regenerating it in | |
345 | this case. | |
346 | ||
347 | * The MUA corrupted your patch; "am" would complain that | |
348 | the patch does not apply. Look in the .git/rebase-apply/ subdirectory and | |
349 | see what 'patch' file contains and check for the common | |
350 | corruption patterns mentioned above. | |
351 | ||
352 | * While at it, check the 'info' and 'final-commit' files as well. | |
353 | If what is in 'final-commit' is not exactly what you would want to | |
354 | see in the commit log message, it is very likely that the | |
355 | receiver would end up hand editing the log message when applying | |
356 | your patch. Things like "Hi, this is my first patch.\n" in the | |
357 | patch e-mail should come after the three-dash line that signals | |
358 | the end of the commit message. | |
359 | ||
dc53151f JN |
360 | MUA-SPECIFIC HINTS |
361 | ------------------ | |
362 | Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using | |
363 | various mailers. | |
364 | ||
36c10e6d JN |
365 | GMail |
366 | ~~~~~ | |
367 | GMail does not have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web | |
368 | interface, so it will mangle any emails that you send. You can however | |
369 | use "git send-email" and send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, or | |
370 | use any IMAP email client to connect to the google IMAP server and forward | |
371 | the emails through that. | |
372 | ||
373 | For hints on using 'git send-email' to send your patches through the | |
374 | GMail SMTP server, see the EXAMPLE section of linkgit:git-send-email[1]. | |
375 | ||
376 | For hints on submission using the IMAP interface, see the EXAMPLE | |
377 | section of linkgit:git-imap-send[1]. | |
378 | ||
dc53151f JN |
379 | Thunderbird |
380 | ~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
381 | By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag | |
382 | them as being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the | |
383 | resulting email unusable by git. | |
384 | ||
b8959605 JS |
385 | There are three different approaches: use an add-on to turn off line wraps, |
386 | configure Thunderbird to not mangle patches, or use | |
dc53151f JN |
387 | an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches. |
388 | ||
b8959605 JS |
389 | Approach #1 (add-on) |
390 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
391 | ||
392 | Install the Toggle Word Wrap add-on that is available from | |
393 | https://addons.mozilla.org/thunderbird/addon/toggle-word-wrap/ | |
394 | It adds a menu entry "Enable Word Wrap" in the composer's "Options" menu | |
395 | that you can tick off. Now you can compose the message as you otherwise do | |
396 | (cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), but you have to | |
397 | insert line breaks manually in any text that you type. | |
398 | ||
399 | Approach #2 (configuration) | |
dc53151f JN |
400 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
401 | Three steps: | |
402 | ||
403 | 1. Configure your mail server composition as plain text: | |
404 | Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing, | |
405 | uncheck "Compose Messages in HTML". | |
406 | ||
407 | 2. Configure your general composition window to not wrap. | |
408 | + | |
409 | In Thunderbird 2: | |
410 | Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0 | |
411 | + | |
412 | In Thunderbird 3: | |
413 | Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for | |
414 | "mail.wrap_long_lines". | |
415 | Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. | |
416 | ||
417 | 3. Disable the use of format=flowed: | |
418 | Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor. Search for | |
419 | "mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed". | |
420 | Toggle it to make sure it is set to `false`. | |
421 | ||
422 | After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you | |
423 | otherwise would (cut + paste, 'git format-patch' | 'git imap-send', etc), | |
424 | and the patches will not be mangled. | |
425 | ||
b8959605 | 426 | Approach #3 (external editor) |
dc53151f JN |
427 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
428 | ||
429 | The following Thunderbird extensions are needed: | |
430 | AboutConfig from http://aboutconfig.mozdev.org/ and | |
431 | External Editor from http://globs.org/articles.php?lng=en&pg=8 | |
432 | ||
433 | 1. Prepare the patch as a text file using your method of choice. | |
434 | ||
435 | 2. Before opening a compose window, use Edit->Account Settings to | |
436 | uncheck the "Compose messages in HTML format" setting in the | |
437 | "Composition & Addressing" panel of the account to be used to | |
438 | send the patch. | |
439 | ||
440 | 3. In the main Thunderbird window, 'before' you open the compose | |
441 | window for the patch, use Tools->about:config to set the | |
442 | following to the indicated values: | |
443 | + | |
444 | ---------- | |
445 | mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed => false | |
446 | mailnews.wraplength => 0 | |
447 | ---------- | |
448 | ||
449 | 4. Open a compose window and click the external editor icon. | |
450 | ||
451 | 5. In the external editor window, read in the patch file and exit | |
452 | the editor normally. | |
453 | ||
454 | Side note: it may be possible to do step 2 with | |
455 | about:config and the following settings but no one's tried yet. | |
456 | ||
457 | ---------- | |
458 | mail.html_compose => false | |
459 | mail.identity.default.compose_html => false | |
460 | mail.identity.id?.compose_html => false | |
461 | ---------- | |
462 | ||
463 | There is a script in contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline which can help | |
464 | you include patches with Thunderbird in an easy way. To use it, do the | |
465 | steps above and then use the script as the external editor. | |
466 | ||
967ab8ef JN |
467 | KMail |
468 | ~~~~~ | |
469 | This should help you to submit patches inline using KMail. | |
470 | ||
471 | 1. Prepare the patch as a text file. | |
472 | ||
473 | 2. Click on New Mail. | |
474 | ||
475 | 3. Go under "Options" in the Composer window and be sure that | |
476 | "Word wrap" is not set. | |
477 | ||
478 | 4. Use Message -> Insert file... and insert the patch. | |
479 | ||
480 | 5. Back in the compose window: add whatever other text you wish to the | |
481 | message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send. | |
482 | ||
e0d48279 | 483 | |
28ffb898 JH |
484 | EXAMPLES |
485 | -------- | |
486 | ||
921177f5 | 487 | * Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply them on top of |
0b444cdb | 488 | the current branch using 'git am' to cherry-pick them: |
921177f5 CC |
489 | + |
490 | ------------ | |
467c0197 | 491 | $ git format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git am -3 -k |
921177f5 CC |
492 | ------------ |
493 | ||
494 | * Extract all commits which are in the current branch but not in the | |
495 | origin branch: | |
496 | + | |
497 | ------------ | |
498 | $ git format-patch origin | |
499 | ------------ | |
500 | + | |
501 | For each commit a separate file is created in the current directory. | |
502 | ||
503 | * Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the inception of the | |
504 | project: | |
505 | + | |
506 | ------------ | |
9c67c757 | 507 | $ git format-patch --root origin |
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508 | ------------ |
509 | ||
510 | * The same as the previous one: | |
511 | + | |
512 | ------------ | |
513 | $ git format-patch -M -B origin | |
514 | ------------ | |
515 | + | |
516 | Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites | |
517 | intelligently to produce a renaming patch. A renaming patch reduces | |
50710ce4 SB |
518 | the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review. |
519 | Note that non-git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so | |
921177f5 CC |
520 | use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch. |
521 | ||
522 | * Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them | |
523 | as e-mailable patches: | |
524 | + | |
525 | ------------ | |
526 | $ git format-patch -3 | |
527 | ------------ | |
28ffb898 | 528 | |
56ae8df5 | 529 | SEE ALSO |
28ffb898 | 530 | -------- |
5162e697 | 531 | linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1] |
28ffb898 | 532 | |
7fc9d69f JH |
533 | GIT |
534 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 535 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |