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215a7ad1 JH |
1 | git-push(1) |
2 | =========== | |
7fc9d69f JH |
3 | |
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
7bd7f280 | 6 | git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects |
7fc9d69f JH |
7 | |
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
97925fde | 11 | [verse] |
b1889c36 | 12 | 'git push' [--all] [--dry-run] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] |
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13 | [--repo=all] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose] |
14 | [<repository> <refspec>...] | |
7fc9d69f JH |
15 | |
16 | DESCRIPTION | |
17 | ----------- | |
ab9b3138 JH |
18 | |
19 | Updates remote refs using local refs, while sending objects | |
20 | necessary to complete the given refs. | |
7fc9d69f | 21 | |
cc55aaec | 22 | You can make interesting things happen to a repository |
eb0362a4 | 23 | every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there. See |
5162e697 | 24 | documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1]. |
eb0362a4 | 25 | |
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26 | |
27 | OPTIONS | |
28 | ------- | |
3598a308 | 29 | <repository>:: |
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30 | The "remote" repository that is destination of a push |
31 | operation. See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below. | |
3598a308 | 32 | |
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33 | <refspec>...:: |
34 | The canonical format of each <refspec> parameter is | |
3598a308 BF |
35 | `+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed |
36 | by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by | |
37 | the destination ref. | |
38 | + | |
491b1b11 SV |
39 | The <src> side represents the source branch (or arbitrary |
40 | "SHA1 expression", such as `master~4` (four parents before the | |
41 | tip of `master` branch); see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) that you | |
42 | want to push. The <dst> side represents the destination location. | |
3598a308 BF |
43 | + |
44 | The local ref that matches <src> is used | |
491b1b11 SV |
45 | to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst> (or, if no <dst> was |
46 | specified, the same ref that <src> referred to locally). If | |
47 | the optional leading plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated | |
3598a308 BF |
48 | even if it does not result in a fast forward update. |
49 | + | |
25fb6290 | 50 | `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`. |
3598a308 | 51 | + |
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52 | A parameter <ref> without a colon pushes the <ref> from the source |
53 | repository to the destination repository under the same name. | |
25fb6290 JH |
54 | + |
55 | Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from | |
56 | the remote repository. | |
a83619d6 PB |
57 | + |
58 | The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast forward updates) | |
59 | directs git to push "matching" heads: for every head that exists on | |
60 | the local side, the remote side is updated if a head of the same name | |
61 | already exists on the remote side. This is the default operation mode | |
62 | if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line | |
63 | nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below). | |
7fc9d69f | 64 | |
3240240f | 65 | --all:: |
cc55aaec | 66 | Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all |
5c633a4c | 67 | refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/` be pushed. |
d6a73596 | 68 | |
3240240f | 69 | --mirror:: |
ff206748 | 70 | Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all |
73f03627 SP |
71 | refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/` (which includes but is not |
72 | limited to `refs/heads/`, `refs/remotes/`, and `refs/tags/`) | |
ff206748 AW |
73 | be mirrored to the remote repository. Newly created local |
74 | refs will be pushed to the remote end, locally updated refs | |
75 | will be force updated on the remote end, and deleted refs | |
84bb2dfd PB |
76 | will be removed from the remote end. This is the default |
77 | if the configuration option `remote.<remote>.mirror` is | |
78 | set. | |
ff206748 | 79 | |
3240240f | 80 | --dry-run:: |
11f2441f BE |
81 | Do everything except actually send the updates. |
82 | ||
3240240f | 83 | --tags:: |
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84 | All refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are pushed, in |
85 | addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command | |
86 | line. | |
87 | ||
3240240f | 88 | --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>:: |
ba020ef5 | 89 | Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote |
5214f770 UKK |
90 | end. Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote |
91 | repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in | |
92 | a directory on the default $PATH. | |
93 | ||
3240240f | 94 | --exec=<git-receive-pack>:: |
d23842fd UKK |
95 | Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>. |
96 | ||
3240240f SB |
97 | -f:: |
98 | --force:: | |
f0fff36e | 99 | Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is |
64a476e6 | 100 | not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it. |
f0fff36e BF |
101 | This flag disables the check. This can cause the |
102 | remote repository to lose commits; use it with care. | |
7fc9d69f | 103 | |
3240240f | 104 | --repo=<repo>:: |
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105 | When no repository is specified the command defaults to |
106 | "origin"; this overrides it. | |
107 | ||
3240240f SB |
108 | --thin:: |
109 | --no-thin:: | |
ba020ef5 | 110 | These options are passed to 'git-send-pack'. Thin |
dc36f265 JH |
111 | transfer spends extra cycles to minimize the number of |
112 | objects to be sent and meant to be used on slower connection. | |
113 | ||
3240240f SB |
114 | -v:: |
115 | --verbose:: | |
dc36f265 JH |
116 | Run verbosely. |
117 | ||
37ba0561 | 118 | include::urls-remotes.txt[] |
eb0362a4 | 119 | |
066a5268 JK |
120 | OUTPUT |
121 | ------ | |
122 | ||
123 | The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this | |
124 | section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either | |
125 | locally or via ssh). | |
126 | ||
127 | The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line | |
128 | representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form: | |
129 | ||
130 | ------------------------------- | |
131 | <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>) | |
132 | ------------------------------- | |
133 | ||
134 | flag:: | |
135 | A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is | |
136 | blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was | |
137 | rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to | |
138 | date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to | |
139 | date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely). | |
140 | ||
141 | summary:: | |
142 | For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new | |
143 | values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to | |
144 | `git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and | |
145 | `<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a | |
146 | failed update, more details are given for the failure. | |
147 | The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the | |
148 | ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The | |
149 | string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused | |
150 | the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the | |
151 | remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the | |
152 | remote end did not report the successful update of the ref | |
153 | (perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a | |
154 | break in the network connection, or other transient error). | |
155 | ||
156 | from:: | |
157 | The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its | |
158 | `refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the | |
159 | name of the local ref is omitted. | |
160 | ||
161 | to:: | |
162 | The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its | |
163 | `refs/<type>/` prefix. | |
164 | ||
165 | reason:: | |
166 | A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed | |
167 | refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for | |
168 | failure is described. | |
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169 | |
170 | Examples | |
171 | -------- | |
172 | ||
173 | git push origin master:: | |
174 | Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository | |
175 | (most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update | |
176 | the same ref (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) in `origin` repository | |
491b1b11 SV |
177 | with it. If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be |
178 | created. | |
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179 | |
180 | git push origin :experimental:: | |
181 | Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository | |
182 | (e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it. | |
183 | ||
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184 | git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev:: |
185 | Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`) | |
186 | to update the ref that matches `satellite/master` (most probably | |
187 | `refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then | |
188 | do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`. | |
bb9fca80 | 189 | |
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190 | git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental:: |
191 | Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository | |
491b1b11 SV |
192 | by copying the current `master` branch. This form is only |
193 | needed to create a new branch or tag in the remote repository when | |
194 | the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise, | |
195 | the ref name on its own will work. | |
4e560158 | 196 | |
7fc9d69f JH |
197 | Author |
198 | ------ | |
59eb68aa | 199 | Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C |
25fb6290 | 200 | by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> |
7fc9d69f JH |
201 | |
202 | Documentation | |
203 | -------------- | |
204 | Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. | |
205 | ||
206 | GIT | |
207 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 208 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |