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70c7ac22 LH |
1 | git-submodule(1) |
2 | ================ | |
3 | ||
4 | NAME | |
5 | ---- | |
6 | git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules | |
7 | ||
8 | ||
9 | SYNOPSIS | |
10 | -------- | |
b2493649 | 11 | [verse] |
d27b876b | 12 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch] [-f|--force] |
1414e578 | 13 | [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>] |
64b19ffe | 14 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] |
b1889c36 | 15 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...] |
7d40f891 | 16 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase] |
b13fd5c1 | 17 | [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] |
1c244f6e | 18 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...] |
15fc56a8 | 19 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command> |
2327f61e | 20 | 'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...] |
70c7ac22 LH |
21 | |
22 | ||
e38953ab PB |
23 | DESCRIPTION |
24 | ----------- | |
c47f1024 PB |
25 | Submodules allow foreign repositories to be embedded within |
26 | a dedicated subdirectory of the source tree, always pointed | |
27 | at a particular commit. | |
28 | ||
29 | They are not to be confused with remotes, which are meant mainly | |
30 | for branches of the same project; submodules are meant for | |
31 | different projects you would like to make part of your source tree, | |
32 | while the history of the two projects still stays completely | |
33 | independent and you cannot modify the contents of the submodule | |
34 | from within the main project. | |
35 | If you want to merge the project histories and want to treat the | |
36 | aggregated whole as a single project from then on, you may want to | |
37 | add a remote for the other project and use the 'subtree' merge strategy, | |
38 | instead of treating the other project as a submodule. Directories | |
39 | that come from both projects can be cloned and checked out as a whole | |
40 | if you choose to go that route. | |
41 | ||
42 | Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry | |
43 | in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object | |
44 | within the inner repository that is completely separate. | |
45 | A record in the `.gitmodules` file at the root of the source | |
46 | tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and describes | |
47 | the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from. | |
48 | The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your | |
49 | local repository configuration (see 'submodule init'). | |
50 | ||
51 | This command will manage the tree entries and contents of the | |
52 | gitmodules file for you, as well as inspect the status of your | |
53 | submodules and update them. | |
54 | When adding a new submodule to the tree, the 'add' subcommand | |
55 | is to be used. However, when pulling a tree containing submodules, | |
56 | these will not be checked out by default; | |
57 | the 'init' and 'update' subcommands will maintain submodules | |
58 | checked out and at appropriate revision in your working tree. | |
59 | You can briefly inspect the up-to-date status of your submodules | |
60 | using the 'status' subcommand and get a detailed overview of the | |
61 | difference between the index and checkouts using the 'summary' | |
62 | subcommand. | |
e38953ab PB |
63 | |
64 | ||
70c7ac22 LH |
65 | COMMANDS |
66 | -------- | |
ecda0723 SV |
67 | add:: |
68 | Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path | |
ec05df35 | 69 | to the changeset to be committed next to the current |
77ef80a8 | 70 | project: the current project is termed the "superproject". |
ec05df35 | 71 | + |
1414e578 JL |
72 | This requires at least one argument: <repository>. The optional |
73 | argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule | |
74 | to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the | |
75 | "humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for | |
76 | "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git"). | |
ec05df35 ML |
77 | + |
78 | <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository. | |
79 | This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./ | |
80 | or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin | |
81 | repository. | |
82 | + | |
83 | <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to | |
84 | exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the | |
85 | submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does | |
86 | exist and is already a valid git repository, then this is added | |
87 | to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided | |
88 | to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes | |
89 | the user will later push the submodule to the given URL. | |
90 | + | |
91 | In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for | |
92 | use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is | |
93 | given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption | |
94 | is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept | |
95 | together in the same relative location, and only the | |
04c8ce9c | 96 | superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly |
ec05df35 | 97 | locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules. |
ecda0723 | 98 | |
70c7ac22 LH |
99 | status:: |
100 | Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the | |
101 | currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the | |
0b444cdb | 102 | submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the |
70c7ac22 LH |
103 | SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not |
104 | initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit | |
105 | does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing | |
0b444cdb | 106 | repository. This command is the default command for 'git submodule'. |
64b19ffe JH |
107 | + |
108 | If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into nested | |
109 | submodules, and show their status as well. | |
70c7ac22 LH |
110 | |
111 | init:: | |
c47f1024 PB |
112 | Initialize the submodules, i.e. register each submodule name |
113 | and url found in .gitmodules into .git/config. | |
114 | The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`. | |
115 | This command does not alter existing information in .git/config. | |
116 | You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config | |
ca768288 TR |
117 | for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`; |
118 | you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without | |
c47f1024 PB |
119 | the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize |
120 | any submodule locations. | |
70c7ac22 LH |
121 | |
122 | update:: | |
211b7f19 LH |
123 | Update the registered submodules, i.e. clone missing submodules and |
124 | checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository. | |
42b49178 JH |
125 | This will make the submodules HEAD be detached unless '--rebase' or |
126 | '--merge' is specified or the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to | |
127 | `rebase` or `merge`. | |
be4d2c83 JS |
128 | + |
129 | If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the | |
130 | setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the | |
131 | submodule with the --init option. | |
b13fd5c1 JH |
132 | + |
133 | If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into the | |
134 | registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within. | |
70c7ac22 | 135 | |
925e7f62 PY |
136 | summary:: |
137 | Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and | |
138 | working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits | |
139 | in the submodule between the given super project commit and the | |
1c244f6e JL |
140 | index or working tree (switched by --cached) are shown. If the option |
141 | --files is given, show the series of commits in the submodule between | |
ef92e1a4 | 142 | the index of the super project and the working tree of the submodule |
1c244f6e JL |
143 | (this option doesn't allow to use the --cached option or to provide an |
144 | explicit commit). | |
70c7ac22 | 145 | |
19a31f9c ML |
146 | foreach:: |
147 | Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule. | |
f030c96d ÆAB |
148 | The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and |
149 | $toplevel: | |
1e7f2aad | 150 | $name is the name of the relevant submodule section in .gitmodules, |
19a31f9c | 151 | $path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the |
f030c96d ÆAB |
152 | superproject, $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject, |
153 | and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level of the superproject. | |
19a31f9c ML |
154 | Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are |
155 | ignored by this command. Unless given --quiet, foreach prints the name | |
156 | of each submodule before evaluating the command. | |
15fc56a8 JH |
157 | If --recursive is given, submodules are traversed recursively (i.e. |
158 | the given shell command is evaluated in nested submodules as well). | |
19a31f9c ML |
159 | A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes |
160 | the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :' | |
161 | to the end of the command. | |
162 | + | |
1c3acfcd MV |
163 | As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git |
164 | rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out | |
165 | commit for each submodule. | |
19a31f9c | 166 | |
2327f61e DA |
167 | sync:: |
168 | Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting | |
169 | to the value specified in .gitmodules. This is useful when | |
170 | submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local | |
171 | repositories accordingly. | |
172 | + | |
173 | "git submodule sync" synchronizes all submodules while | |
174 | "git submodule sync -- A" synchronizes submodule "A" only. | |
19a31f9c | 175 | |
70c7ac22 LH |
176 | OPTIONS |
177 | ------- | |
3240240f SB |
178 | -q:: |
179 | --quiet:: | |
70c7ac22 LH |
180 | Only print error messages. |
181 | ||
3240240f SB |
182 | -b:: |
183 | --branch:: | |
ecda0723 SV |
184 | Branch of repository to add as submodule. |
185 | ||
d27b876b JL |
186 | -f:: |
187 | --force:: | |
188 | This option is only valid for the add command. | |
189 | Allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path. | |
190 | ||
70c7ac22 | 191 | --cached:: |
925e7f62 PY |
192 | This option is only valid for status and summary commands. These |
193 | commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but | |
194 | with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead. | |
195 | ||
1c244f6e JL |
196 | --files:: |
197 | This option is only valid for the summary command. This command | |
198 | compares the commit in the index with that in the submodule HEAD | |
199 | when this option is used. | |
200 | ||
3240240f SB |
201 | -n:: |
202 | --summary-limit:: | |
925e7f62 PY |
203 | This option is only valid for the summary command. |
204 | Limit the summary size (number of commits shown in total). | |
51836e9e | 205 | Giving 0 will disable the summary; a negative number means unlimited |
925e7f62 PY |
206 | (the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The |
207 | size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules. | |
70c7ac22 | 208 | |
31ca3ac3 FF |
209 | -N:: |
210 | --no-fetch:: | |
211 | This option is only valid for the update command. | |
212 | Don't fetch new objects from the remote site. | |
213 | ||
42b49178 JH |
214 | --merge:: |
215 | This option is only valid for the update command. | |
216 | Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch | |
217 | of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will | |
218 | not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will | |
219 | have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the | |
220 | usual conflict resolution tools. | |
221 | If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is | |
222 | implicit. | |
223 | ||
ca2cedba PH |
224 | --rebase:: |
225 | This option is only valid for the update command. | |
226 | Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the | |
227 | superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not | |
6a5d0b0a | 228 | be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will have |
ca2cedba | 229 | to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1]. |
32948425 | 230 | If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is |
ca2cedba PH |
231 | implicit. |
232 | ||
d92a3959 MT |
233 | --reference <repository>:: |
234 | This option is only valid for add and update commands. These | |
235 | commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case, | |
236 | this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command. | |
237 | + | |
238 | *NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note | |
239 | for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s --reference and --shared options carefully. | |
240 | ||
15fc56a8 | 241 | --recursive:: |
64b19ffe | 242 | This option is only valid for foreach, update and status commands. |
15fc56a8 JH |
243 | Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not |
244 | only in the submodules of the current repo, but also | |
245 | in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on). | |
246 | ||
f448e24e AMS |
247 | <path>...:: |
248 | Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command | |
70c7ac22 | 249 | to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths. |
ec05df35 | 250 | (This argument is required with add). |
70c7ac22 LH |
251 | |
252 | FILES | |
253 | ----- | |
211b7f19 | 254 | When initializing submodules, a .gitmodules file in the top-level directory |
70c7ac22 | 255 | of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule. |
c4585701 | 256 | This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key |
5162e697 | 257 | to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url". See linkgit:gitmodules[5] |
6fbe42c7 | 258 | for details. |
70c7ac22 LH |
259 | |
260 | ||
261 | AUTHOR | |
262 | ------ | |
263 | Written by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com> | |
264 | ||
265 | GIT | |
266 | --- | |
9e1f0a85 | 267 | Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite |