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1
2 Git installation
3
4Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
5will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory. If you want
6to do a global install, you can do
7
98e79f63 8 $ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
414851a4 9 # make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
c538d2d3 10
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11(or prefix=/usr/local, of course). Just like any program suite
12that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
13which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
14install" would not work.
c538d2d3 15
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16The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
17git is built. You can override them either from the command line, or in a
18config.mak file.
19
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20Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
21set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
22
3900145e 23 $ make configure ;# as yourself
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24 $ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
25 $ make all doc ;# as yourself
414851a4 26 # make install install-doc install-html;# as root
55667714 27
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28If you're willing to trade off (much) longer build time for a later
29faster git you can also do a profile feedback build with
30
066dd263 31 $ make prefix=/usr profile
f2d713fc 32 # make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
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33
34This will run the complete test suite as training workload and then
35rebuild git with the generated profile feedback. This results in a git
36which is a few percent faster on CPU intensive workloads. This
37may be a good tradeoff for distribution packagers.
38
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39Alternatively you can run profile feedback only with the git benchmark
40suite. This runs significantly faster than the full test suite, but
41has less coverage:
42
43 $ make prefix=/usr profile-fast
44 # make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
45
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46Or if you just want to install a profile-optimized version of git into
47your home directory, you could run:
48
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49 $ make profile-install
50
51or
52 $ make profile-fast-install
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53
54As a caveat: a profile-optimized build takes a *lot* longer since the
55git tree must be built twice, and in order for the profiling
56measurements to work properly, ccache must be disabled and the test
57suite has to be run using only a single CPU. In addition, the profile
58feedback build stage currently generates a lot of additional compiler
59warnings.
55667714 60
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61Issues of note:
62
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63 - Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
64 program "git", whose name conflicts with this program. But with
65 version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
66 around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
67 longer a problem.
68
25032ccd 69 NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
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70 Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
71 with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
62a64d1a 72
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73 - You can use git after building but without installing if you want
74 to test drive it. Simply run git found in bin-wrappers directory
75 in the build directory, or prepend that directory to your $PATH.
76 This however is less efficient than running an installed git, as
77 you always need an extra fork+exec to run any git subcommand.
78
79 It is still possible to use git without installing by setting a few
80 environment variables, which was the way this was done
81 traditionally. But using git found in bin-wrappers directory in
82 the build directory is far simpler. As a historical reference, the
83 old way went like this:
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84
85 GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
86 PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
20d2a30f 87 GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/build/lib
6fcca938 88 export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
3c767a08 89
20d2a30f 90 - By default (unless NO_PERL is provided) Git will ship various perl
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91 scripts. However, for simplicity it doesn't use the
92 ExtUtils::MakeMaker toolchain to decide where to place the perl
93 libraries. Depending on the system this can result in the perl
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94 libraries not being where you'd like them if they're expected to be
95 used by things other than Git itself.
96
97 Manually supplying a perllibdir prefix should fix this, if this is
98 a problem you care about, e.g.:
99
100 prefix=/usr perllibdir=/usr/$(/usr/bin/perl -MConfig -wle 'print substr $Config{installsitelib}, 1 + length $Config{siteprefixexp}')
101
102 Will result in e.g. perllibdir=/usr/share/perl/5.26.1 on Debian,
103 perllibdir=/usr/share/perl5 (which we'd use by default) on CentOS.
104
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105 - Unless NO_PERL is provided Git will ship various perl libraries it
106 needs. Distributors of Git will usually want to set
107 NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS if NO_PERL is not provided to use their own
108 copies of the CPAN modules Git needs.
109
c538d2d3 110 - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
5beb577d 111 programs and libraries. Git can be used without most of them by adding
89152979 112 the appropriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
5beb577d 113 config.mak file.
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114
115 - "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
116
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117 - "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
118
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119 - A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run some scripts needed
120 for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "request-pull").
26d94439 121
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122 - "Perl" version 5.8 or later is needed to use some of the
123 features (e.g. preparing a partial commit using "git add -i/-p",
124 interacting with svn repositories with "git svn"). If you can
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125 live without these, use NO_PERL. Note that recent releases of
126 Redhat/Fedora are reported to ship Perl binary package with some
127 core modules stripped away (see http://lwn.net/Articles/477234/),
128 so you might need to install additional packages other than Perl
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129 itself, e.g. Digest::MD5, File::Spec, File::Temp, Net::Domain,
130 Net::SMTP, and Time::HiRes.
26d94439 131
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132 - git-imap-send needs the OpenSSL library to talk IMAP over SSL if
133 you are using libcurl older than 7.34.0. Otherwise you can use
134 NO_OPENSSL without losing git-imap-send.
c538d2d3 135
3a51467b 136 By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use its own
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137 library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
138 BLK_SHA1. Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
139 (PPC_SHA1).
c538d2d3 140
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141 - "libcurl" library is used by git-http-fetch, git-fetch, and, if
142 the curl version >= 7.34.0, for git-imap-send. You might also
143 want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes. If you do not
144 use http:// or https:// repositories, and do not want to put
145 patches into an IMAP mailbox, you do not have to have them
146 (use NO_CURL).
c538d2d3 147
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148 - "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
149 management over DAV. Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
150 (with NO_EXPAT).
3402f1d6 151
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152 - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
153 history graphically, and in git-gui. If you don't want gitk or
154 git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
663a5ed5 155
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156 - A gettext library is used by default for localizing Git. The
157 primary target is GNU libintl, but the Solaris gettext
158 implementation also works.
159
160 We need a gettext.h on the system for C code, gettext.sh (or
161 Solaris gettext(1)) for shell scripts, and libintl-perl for Perl
162 programs.
163
164 Set NO_GETTEXT to disable localization support and make Git only
165 use English. Under autoconf the configure script will do this
166 automatically if it can't find libintl on the system.
167
fcedbc1c 168 - Python version 2.7 or later is needed to use the git-p4 interface
2e4f04fa 169 to Perforce.
b6f93057 170
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171 - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
172 but depending on your specific installation, you may not
173 have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
174 necessary libraries at unusual locations. Please look at the
175 top of the Makefile to see what can be adjusted for your needs.
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176 You can place local settings in config.mak and the Makefile
177 will include them. Note that config.mak is not distributed;
178 the name is reserved for local settings.
eff351c9 179
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180 - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
181 the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain. Because not many people are
182 inclined to install the tools, the default build target
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183 ("make all") does _not_ build them.
184
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185 "make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
186 also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
187 requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
188 requires both.
189
190 "make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
191 are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
192 install-info".
193
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194 Building and installing the info file additionally requires
195 makeinfo and docbook2X. Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
196
a325a1a7 197 Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
b2478aa0 198 dblatex. Version >= 0.2.7 is known to work.
a325a1a7 199
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200 All formats require at least asciidoc 8.4.1. Alternatively, you can
201 use Asciidoctor (requires Ruby) by passing USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=YesPlease
202 to make. You need at least Asciidoctor version 1.5.
a90918e8 203
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204 There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
205 and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
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206 and html documentation. To use these build targets, you need to
207 clone two separate git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories next
208 to the clone of git itself.
6fe570de 209
5a80d85b 210 The minimum supported version of docbook-xsl is 1.74.
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211
212 Users attempting to build the documentation on Cygwin may need to ensure
213 that the /etc/xml/catalog file looks something like this:
214
215 <?xml version="1.0"?>
216 <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC
217 "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
218 "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"
219 >
220 <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
221 <rewriteURI
222 uriStartString = "http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current"
223 rewritePrefix = "/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets"
224 />
225 <rewriteURI
226 uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5"
227 rewritePrefix="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5"
228 />
229 </catalog>
230
231 This can be achieved with the following two xmlcatalog commands:
232
233 xmlcatalog --noout \
234 --add rewriteURI \
235 http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current \
236 /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets \
237 /etc/xml/catalog
238
239 xmlcatalog --noout \
240 --add rewriteURI \
241 http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/xsl/current \
242 /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5 \
243 /etc/xml/catalog