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8edcde5e SB |
1 | --------------------------------------------- |
2 | Imximage Boot Image generation using mkimage | |
3 | --------------------------------------------- | |
4 | ||
5 | This document describes how to set up a U-Boot image | |
6 | that can be booted by Freescale MX25, MX35 and MX51 | |
7 | processors via internal boot mode. | |
8 | ||
9 | These processors can boot directly from NAND, SPI flash and SD card flash | |
10 | using its internal boot ROM support. They can boot from an internal | |
11 | UART, if booting from device media fails. | |
12 | Booting from NOR flash does not require to use this image type. | |
13 | ||
14 | For more details refer Chapter 2 - System Boot and section 2.14 | |
15 | (flash header description) of the processor's manual. | |
16 | ||
17 | This implementation does not use at the moment the secure boot feature | |
18 | of the processor. The image is generated disabling all security fields. | |
19 | ||
20 | Command syntax: | |
21 | -------------- | |
22 | ./tools/mkimage -l <mx u-boot_file> | |
23 | to list the imx image file details | |
24 | ||
25 | ./tools/mkimage -T imximage \ | |
26 | -n <board specific configuration file> \ | |
27 | -e <execution address> -d <u-boot binary> <output image file> | |
28 | ||
29 | For example, for the mx51evk board: | |
30 | ./tools/mkimage -n ./board/freescale/mx51evk/imximage.cfg \ | |
31 | -T imximage -e 0x97800000 \ | |
32 | -d u-boot.bin u-boot.imx | |
33 | ||
34 | You can generate directly the image when you compile u-boot with: | |
35 | ||
36 | $ make u-boot.imx | |
37 | ||
38 | The output image can be flashed on the board SPI flash or on a SD card. | |
39 | In both cases, you have to copy the image at the offset required for the | |
40 | chosen media devices (0x400 for both SPI flash or SD card). | |
41 | ||
42 | Please check Freescale documentation for further details. | |
43 | ||
44 | Board specific configuration file specifications: | |
45 | ------------------------------------------------- | |
46 | 1. This file must present in the $(BOARDDIR) and the name should be | |
47 | imximage.cfg (since this is used in Makefile). | |
48 | 2. This file can have empty lines and lines starting with "#" as first | |
49 | character to put comments. | |
50 | 3. This file can have configuration command lines as mentioned below, | |
51 | any other information in this file is treated as invalid. | |
52 | ||
53 | Configuration command line syntax: | |
54 | --------------------------------- | |
55 | 1. Each command line is must have two strings, first one command or address | |
56 | and second one data string | |
57 | 2. Following are the valid command strings and associated data strings:- | |
58 | Command string data string | |
59 | -------------- ----------- | |
60 | BOOT_FROM nand/spi/sd/onenand | |
61 | Example: | |
62 | BOOT_FROM spi | |
63 | DATA type address value | |
64 | ||
65 | type: word=4, halfword=2, byte=1 | |
66 | address: physycal register address | |
67 | value: value to be set in register | |
68 | All values are in in hexadecimal. | |
69 | Example (write to IOMUXC): | |
70 | DATA 4 0x73FA88a0 0x200 | |
71 | ||
72 | The processor support up to 60 register programming commands. An error | |
73 | is generated if more commands are found in the configuration file. | |
74 | ||
75 | 3. All commands are optional to program. | |
76 | ||
77 | Setup a SD Card for booting | |
78 | -------------------------------- | |
79 | ||
80 | The following example prepare a SD card with u-boot and a FAT partition | |
81 | to be used to stored the kernel to be booted. | |
82 | I will set the SD in the most compatible mode, setting it with | |
83 | 255 heads and 63 sectors, as suggested from several documentation and | |
84 | howto on line (I took as reference the preparation of a SD Card for the | |
85 | Beagleboard, running u-boot as bootloader). | |
86 | ||
87 | You should start clearing the partitions table on the SD card. Because | |
88 | the u-boot image must be stored at the offset 0x400, it must be assured | |
89 | that there is no partition at that address. A new SD card is already | |
90 | formatted with FAT filesystem and the partition starts from the first | |
91 | cylinder, so we need to change it. | |
92 | ||
93 | You can do all steps with fdisk. If the device for the SD card is | |
94 | /dev/mmcblk0, the following commands make the job: | |
95 | ||
96 | 1. Start the fdisk utility (as superuser) | |
97 | fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 | |
98 | ||
99 | 2. Clear the actual partition | |
100 | ||
101 | Command (m for help): o | |
102 | ||
103 | 3. Print card info: | |
104 | ||
105 | Command (m for help): p | |
106 | Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 1981 MB, 1981284352 bytes | |
107 | ||
108 | In my case, I have a 2 GB card. I need the size to set later the correct value | |
109 | for the cylinders. | |
110 | ||
111 | 4. Go to expert mode: | |
112 | ||
113 | Command (m for help): x | |
114 | ||
115 | 5. Set card geometry | |
116 | ||
117 | Expert command (m for help): h | |
118 | Number of heads (1-256, default 4): 255 | |
119 | ||
120 | Expert command (m for help): s | |
121 | Number of sectors (1-63, default 16): 63 | |
122 | Warning: setting sector offset for DOS compatiblity | |
123 | ||
124 | We have set 255 heads, 63 sector. We have to set the cylinder. | |
125 | The value to be set can be calculated with: | |
126 | ||
127 | cilynder = <total size> / <heads> / <sectors> / <blocksize> | |
128 | ||
129 | in this example, | |
130 | 1981284352 / 255 / 63 / 512 = 239.x = 239 | |
131 | ||
132 | ||
133 | Expert command (m for help): c | |
134 | Number of cylinders (1-1048576, default 60032): 239 | |
135 | ||
136 | 6. Leave the expert mode | |
137 | Expert command (m for help): r | |
138 | ||
139 | 7. Set up a partition | |
140 | ||
141 | Now set a partition table to store the kernel or whatever you want. Of course, | |
142 | you can set additional partitions to store rootfs, data, etc. | |
143 | In my example I want to set a single partition. I must take care | |
144 | to not overwrite the space where I will put u-boot. | |
145 | ||
146 | Command (m for help): n | |
147 | Command action | |
148 | e extended | |
149 | p primary partition (1-4) | |
150 | p | |
151 | Partition number (1-4): 1 | |
152 | First cylinder (1-239, default 1): 3 | |
153 | Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (3-239, default 239): +100M | |
154 | ||
155 | Command (m for help): p | |
156 | ||
157 | Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 1967 MB, 1967128576 bytes | |
158 | 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 239 cylinders | |
159 | Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes | |
160 | Disk identifier: 0xb712a870 | |
161 | ||
93910edb WD |
162 | Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
163 | /dev/mmcblk0p1 3 16 112455 83 Linux | |
8edcde5e SB |
164 | |
165 | I have set 100MB, leaving the first 2 sectors free. I will copy u-boot | |
166 | there. | |
167 | ||
168 | 8. Write the partition table and exit. | |
169 | ||
170 | Command (m for help): w | |
171 | The partition table has been altered! | |
172 | ||
173 | Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. | |
174 | ||
175 | 9. Copy u-boot.imx on the SD card | |
176 | ||
177 | I use dd: | |
178 | ||
179 | dd if=u-boot.imx of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=512 seek=2 | |
180 | ||
181 | This command copies the u-boot image at the address 0x400, as required | |
182 | by the processor. | |
183 | ||
184 | Now remove your card from the PC and go to the target. If evrything went right, | |
185 | the u-boot prompt should come after power on. | |
186 | ||
187 | ------------------------------------------------ | |
188 | Author: Stefano babic <sbabic@denx.de> |