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1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" | |
12b42c76 | 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> |
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4 | |
5 | <!-- | |
572eb058 | 6 | SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ |
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7 | --> |
8 | ||
7d6b2723 | 9 | <refentry id="sd_journal_print" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> |
a8eedf49 | 10 | |
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11 | <refentryinfo> |
12 | <title>sd_journal_print</title> | |
13 | <productname>systemd</productname> | |
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14 | </refentryinfo> |
15 | ||
16 | <refmeta> | |
17 | <refentrytitle>sd_journal_print</refentrytitle> | |
18 | <manvolnum>3</manvolnum> | |
19 | </refmeta> | |
20 | ||
21 | <refnamediv> | |
22 | <refname>sd_journal_print</refname> | |
23 | <refname>sd_journal_printv</refname> | |
24 | <refname>sd_journal_send</refname> | |
25 | <refname>sd_journal_sendv</refname> | |
26 | <refname>sd_journal_perror</refname> | |
27 | <refname>SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION</refname> | |
28 | <refpurpose>Submit log entries to the journal</refpurpose> | |
29 | </refnamediv> | |
30 | ||
31 | <refsynopsisdiv> | |
32 | <funcsynopsis> | |
33 | <funcsynopsisinfo>#include <systemd/sd-journal.h></funcsynopsisinfo> | |
34 | ||
35 | <funcprototype> | |
36 | <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_print</function></funcdef> | |
37 | <paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef> | |
38 | <paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef> | |
1eecafb8 | 39 | <paramdef>…</paramdef> |
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40 | </funcprototype> |
41 | ||
42 | <funcprototype> | |
43 | <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_printv</function></funcdef> | |
44 | <paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef> | |
45 | <paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef> | |
46 | <paramdef>va_list <parameter>ap</parameter></paramdef> | |
47 | </funcprototype> | |
48 | ||
49 | <funcprototype> | |
50 | <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_send</function></funcdef> | |
51 | <paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef> | |
1eecafb8 | 52 | <paramdef>…</paramdef> |
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53 | </funcprototype> |
54 | ||
55 | <funcprototype> | |
56 | <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_sendv</function></funcdef> | |
57 | <paramdef>const struct iovec *<parameter>iov</parameter></paramdef> | |
58 | <paramdef>int <parameter>n</parameter></paramdef> | |
59 | </funcprototype> | |
60 | ||
61 | <funcprototype> | |
62 | <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_perror</function></funcdef> | |
63 | <paramdef>const char *<parameter>message</parameter></paramdef> | |
64 | </funcprototype> | |
65 | ||
66 | </funcsynopsis> | |
67 | </refsynopsisdiv> | |
68 | ||
69 | <refsect1> | |
70 | <title>Description</title> | |
71 | ||
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72 | <para><function>sd_journal_print()</function> may be used to submit simple, plain text log entries to the system |
73 | journal. The first argument is a priority value. This is followed by a format string and its parameters, similar to | |
74 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>printf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> or | |
798d3a52 | 75 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. |
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76 | The priority value is one of <constant>LOG_EMERG</constant>, <constant>LOG_ALERT</constant>, |
77 | <constant>LOG_CRIT</constant>, <constant>LOG_ERR</constant>, <constant>LOG_WARNING</constant>, | |
78 | <constant>LOG_NOTICE</constant>, <constant>LOG_INFO</constant>, <constant>LOG_DEBUG</constant>, as defined in | |
79 | <filename>syslog.h</filename>, see <citerefentry | |
80 | project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details. It is | |
81 | recommended to use this call to submit log messages in the application locale or system locale and in UTF-8 format, | |
82 | but no such restrictions are enforced. Note that log messages written using this function are generally not | |
83 | expected to end in a new-line character. However, as all trailing whitespace (including spaces, new-lines, | |
84 | tabulators and carriage returns) are automatically stripped from the logged string, it is acceptable to specify one | |
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85 | (or more). Empty lines (after trailing whitespace removal) are suppressed. On non-empty lines, leading whitespace |
86 | (as well as inner whitespace) is left unmodified. </para> | |
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87 | |
88 | <para><function>sd_journal_printv()</function> is similar to | |
89 | <function>sd_journal_print()</function> but takes a variable | |
90 | argument list encapsulated in an object of type | |
91 | <varname>va_list</varname> (see | |
3ba3a79d | 92 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>stdarg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
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93 | for more information) instead of the format string. It is |
94 | otherwise equivalent in behavior.</para> | |
95 | ||
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96 | <para><function>sd_journal_send()</function> may be used to submit structured log entries to the system journal. It |
97 | takes a series of format strings, each immediately followed by their associated parameters, terminated by | |
98 | <constant>NULL</constant>. The strings passed should be of the format <literal>VARIABLE=value</literal>. The | |
99 | variable name must be in uppercase and consist only of characters, numbers and underscores, and may not begin with | |
100 | an underscore. (All assignments that do not follow this syntax will be ignored.) The value can be of any size and | |
101 | format. It is highly recommended to submit text strings formatted in the UTF-8 character encoding only, and submit | |
102 | binary fields only when formatting in UTF-8 strings is not sensible. A number of well-known fields are defined, see | |
103 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> for | |
104 | details, but additional application defined fields may be used. A variable may be assigned more than one value per | |
105 | entry. If this function is used, trailing whitespace is automatically removed from each formatted field.</para> | |
106 | ||
107 | <para><function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is similar to <function>sd_journal_send()</function> but takes an | |
108 | array of <varname>struct iovec</varname> (as defined in <filename>uio.h</filename>, see <citerefentry | |
109 | project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>readv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details) | |
110 | instead of the format string. Each structure should reference one field of the entry to submit. The second argument | |
111 | specifies the number of structures in the array. <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is particularly useful to | |
301a21a8 | 112 | submit binary objects to the journal where that is necessary. Note that this function will not strip trailing |
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113 | whitespace of the passed fields, but passes the specified data along unmodified. This is different from both |
114 | <function>sd_journal_print()</function> and <function>sd_journal_send()</function> described above, which are based | |
115 | on format strings, and do strip trailing whitespace.</para> | |
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116 | |
117 | <para><function>sd_journal_perror()</function> is a similar to | |
3ba3a79d | 118 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
798d3a52 | 119 | and writes a message to the journal that consists of the passed |
b938cb90 | 120 | string, suffixed with ": " and a human-readable representation of |
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121 | the current error code stored in |
122 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
123 | If the message string is passed as <constant>NULL</constant> or | |
124 | empty string, only the error string representation will be | |
125 | written, prefixed with nothing. An additional journal field ERRNO= | |
126 | is included in the entry containing the numeric error code | |
127 | formatted as decimal string. The log priority used is | |
128 | <constant>LOG_ERR</constant> (3).</para> | |
129 | ||
130 | <para>Note that <function>sd_journal_send()</function> is a | |
131 | wrapper around <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> to make it | |
132 | easier to use when only text strings shall be submitted. Also, the | |
133 | following two calls are mostly equivalent:</para> | |
134 | ||
135 | <programlisting>sd_journal_print(LOG_INFO, "Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid()); | |
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136 | |
137 | sd_journal_send("MESSAGE=Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid(), | |
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138 | "PRIORITY=%i", LOG_INFO, |
139 | NULL);</programlisting> | |
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140 | |
141 | <para>Note that these calls implicitly add fields for the source | |
142 | file, function name and code line where invoked. This is | |
143 | implemented with macros. If this is not desired, it can be turned | |
144 | off by defining SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION before including | |
145 | <filename>sd-journal.h</filename>.</para> | |
146 | ||
147 | <para><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
148 | and <function>sd_journal_print()</function> may | |
149 | largely be used interchangeably | |
150 | functionality-wise. However, note that log messages | |
151 | logged via the former take a different path to the | |
152 | journal server than the later, and hence global | |
153 | chronological ordering between the two streams cannot | |
154 | be guaranteed. Using | |
155 | <function>sd_journal_print()</function> has the | |
156 | benefit of logging source code line, filenames, and | |
157 | functions as metadata along all entries, and | |
158 | guaranteeing chronological ordering with structured | |
159 | log entries that are generated via | |
160 | <function>sd_journal_send()</function>. Using | |
161 | <function>syslog()</function> has the benefit of being | |
162 | more portable.</para> | |
163 | </refsect1> | |
164 | ||
165 | <refsect1> | |
166 | <title>Return Value</title> | |
167 | ||
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168 | <para>The five calls return 0 on success or a negative errno-style error code. The <citerefentry |
169 | project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> variable itself is | |
170 | not altered.</para> | |
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171 | |
172 | <para>If | |
173 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
174 | is not running (the socket is not present), those functions do | |
175 | nothing, and also return 0.</para> | |
176 | </refsect1> | |
177 | ||
178 | <refsect1> | |
a8d46a16 | 179 | <title>Thread safety</title> |
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180 | |
181 | <xi:include href="threads-aware.xml" xpointer="safe"/> | |
a8d46a16 | 182 | |
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183 | <para><function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is "async signal safe" in the meaning of <citerefentry |
184 | project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>signal-safety</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
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185 | </para> |
186 | ||
187 | <para><function>sd_journal_print</function>, | |
188 | <function>sd_journal_printv</function>, | |
189 | <function>sd_journal_send</function>, and | |
190 | <function>sd_journal_perror</function> are | |
191 | not async signal safe.</para> | |
192 | </refsect1> | |
193 | ||
7d6b2723 | 194 | <xi:include href="libsystemd-pkgconfig.xml" /> |
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195 | |
196 | <refsect1> | |
197 | <title>See Also</title> | |
198 | ||
199 | <para> | |
200 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
201 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-journal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
202 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_stream_fd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
203 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
3ba3a79d | 204 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
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205 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
206 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
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207 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>signal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
208 | <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
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209 | </para> |
210 | </refsect1> | |
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211 | |
212 | </refentry> |