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1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" | |
12b42c76 | 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> |
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4 | |
5 | <!-- | |
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6 | SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ |
7 | ||
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8 | This file is part of systemd. |
9 | ||
10 | Copyright 2012 Lennart Poettering | |
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11 | --> |
12 | ||
21ac6ff1 | 13 | <refentry id="systemd-analyze" |
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14 | xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> |
15 | ||
16 | <refentryinfo> | |
17 | <title>systemd-analyze</title> | |
18 | <productname>systemd</productname> | |
19 | ||
20 | <authorgroup> | |
21 | <author> | |
22 | <contrib>Developer</contrib> | |
23 | <firstname>Lennart</firstname> | |
24 | <surname>Poettering</surname> | |
25 | <email>lennart@poettering.net</email> | |
26 | </author> | |
27 | <author> | |
28 | <contrib>Developer</contrib> | |
29 | <firstname>Harald</firstname> | |
30 | <surname>Hoyer</surname> | |
31 | <email>harald@redhat.com</email> | |
32 | </author> | |
33 | </authorgroup> | |
34 | </refentryinfo> | |
35 | ||
36 | <refmeta> | |
37 | <refentrytitle>systemd-analyze</refentrytitle> | |
38 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> | |
39 | </refmeta> | |
40 | ||
41 | <refnamediv> | |
42 | <refname>systemd-analyze</refname> | |
889d695d | 43 | <refpurpose>Analyze and debug system manager</refpurpose> |
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44 | </refnamediv> |
45 | ||
46 | <refsynopsisdiv> | |
47 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
48 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
49 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
50 | <arg>time</arg> | |
51 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
52 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
53 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
54 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
55 | <arg choice="plain">blame</arg> | |
56 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
57 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
58 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
59 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
60 | <arg choice="plain">critical-chain</arg> | |
61 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>UNIT</replaceable></arg> | |
62 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
63 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
64 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
65 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
66 | <arg choice="plain">plot</arg> | |
67 | <arg choice="opt">> file.svg</arg> | |
68 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
69 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
70 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
71 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
72 | <arg choice="plain">dot</arg> | |
73 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable></arg> | |
74 | <arg choice="opt">> file.dot</arg> | |
75 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
76 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
77 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
78 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
79 | <arg choice="plain">dump</arg> | |
80 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
854a42fb ZJS |
81 | <cmdsynopsis> |
82 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
83 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
84 | <arg choice="plain">cat-config</arg> | |
85 | <arg choice="plain" rep="repeat"><replaceable>NAME</replaceable></arg> | |
86 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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87 | <cmdsynopsis> |
88 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
89 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
90 | <arg choice="plain">unit-paths</arg> | |
91 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
92 | <cmdsynopsis> |
93 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
94 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
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95 | <arg choice="plain">log-level</arg> |
96 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></arg> | |
798d3a52 | 97 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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98 | <cmdsynopsis> |
99 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
100 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
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101 | <arg choice="plain">log-target</arg> |
102 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>TARGET</replaceable></arg> | |
ef5a8cb1 | 103 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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104 | <cmdsynopsis> |
105 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
106 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
107 | <arg choice="plain">syscall-filter</arg> | |
1eecafb8 | 108 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>SET</replaceable>…</arg> |
869feb33 | 109 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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110 | <cmdsynopsis> |
111 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
112 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
113 | <arg choice="plain">verify</arg> | |
114 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>FILES</replaceable></arg> | |
115 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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116 | <cmdsynopsis> |
117 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
118 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
119 | <arg choice="plain">calendar</arg> | |
120 | <arg choice="plain" rep="repeat"><replaceable>SPECS</replaceable></arg> | |
121 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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122 | <cmdsynopsis> |
123 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
124 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
125 | <arg choice="plain">service-watchdogs</arg> | |
90657286 | 126 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>BOOL</replaceable></arg> |
889d695d | 127 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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128 | </refsynopsisdiv> |
129 | ||
130 | <refsect1> | |
131 | <title>Description</title> | |
132 | ||
133 | <para><command>systemd-analyze</command> may be used to determine | |
134 | system boot-up performance statistics and retrieve other state and | |
135 | tracing information from the system and service manager, and to | |
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136 | verify the correctness of unit files. It is also used to access |
137 | special functions useful for advanced system manager debugging.</para> | |
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138 | |
139 | <para><command>systemd-analyze time</command> prints the time | |
140 | spent in the kernel before userspace has been reached, the time | |
141 | spent in the initial RAM disk (initrd) before normal system | |
142 | userspace has been reached, and the time normal system userspace | |
143 | took to initialize. Note that these measurements simply measure | |
144 | the time passed up to the point where all system services have | |
145 | been spawned, but not necessarily until they fully finished | |
146 | initialization or the disk is idle.</para> | |
147 | ||
148 | <para><command>systemd-analyze blame</command> prints a list of | |
149 | all running units, ordered by the time they took to initialize. | |
150 | This information may be used to optimize boot-up times. Note that | |
151 | the output might be misleading as the initialization of one | |
152 | service might be slow simply because it waits for the | |
153 | initialization of another service to complete.</para> | |
154 | ||
155 | <para><command>systemd-analyze critical-chain | |
1eecafb8 | 156 | [<replaceable>UNIT…</replaceable>]</command> prints a tree of |
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157 | the time-critical chain of units (for each of the specified |
158 | <replaceable>UNIT</replaceable>s or for the default target | |
159 | otherwise). The time after the unit is active or started is | |
160 | printed after the "@" character. The time the unit takes to start | |
161 | is printed after the "+" character. Note that the output might be | |
162 | misleading as the initialization of one service might depend on | |
163 | socket activation and because of the parallel execution of | |
164 | units.</para> | |
165 | ||
166 | <para><command>systemd-analyze plot</command> prints an SVG | |
167 | graphic detailing which system services have been started at what | |
168 | time, highlighting the time they spent on initialization.</para> | |
169 | ||
170 | <para><command>systemd-analyze dot</command> generates textual | |
171 | dependency graph description in dot format for further processing | |
172 | with the GraphViz | |
3ba3a79d | 173 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
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174 | tool. Use a command line like <command>systemd-analyze dot | dot |
175 | -Tsvg > systemd.svg</command> to generate a graphical dependency | |
176 | tree. Unless <option>--order</option> or | |
177 | <option>--require</option> is passed, the generated graph will | |
178 | show both ordering and requirement dependencies. Optional pattern | |
179 | globbing style specifications (e.g. <filename>*.target</filename>) | |
180 | may be given at the end. A unit dependency is included in the | |
181 | graph if any of these patterns match either the origin or | |
182 | destination node.</para> | |
183 | ||
184 | <para><command>systemd-analyze dump</command> outputs a (usually | |
185 | very long) human-readable serialization of the complete server | |
186 | state. Its format is subject to change without notice and should | |
187 | not be parsed by applications.</para> | |
188 | ||
854a42fb ZJS |
189 | <para><command>systemd-analyze cat-config</command> is similar |
190 | to <command>systemctl cat</command>, but operates on config files. | |
191 | It will copy the contents of a config file and any drop-ins to standard | |
192 | output, using the usual systemd set of directories and rules for | |
193 | precedence.</para> | |
194 | ||
195 | <example> | |
196 | <title>Showing logind configuration</title> | |
197 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze cat-config systemd/logind.conf | |
198 | # /etc/systemd/logind.conf | |
199 | # This file is part of systemd. | |
200 | ... | |
201 | [Login] | |
202 | NAutoVTs=8 | |
203 | ... | |
204 | ||
205 | # /usr/lib/systemd/logind.conf.d/20-test.conf | |
206 | ... some override from another package | |
207 | ||
208 | # /etc/systemd/logind.conf.d/50-override.conf | |
209 | ... some adminstrator override | |
210 | </programlisting> | |
211 | </example> | |
212 | ||
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213 | <para><command>systemd-analyze unit-paths</command> outputs a list of all |
214 | directories from which unit files, <filename>.d</filename> overrides, and | |
215 | <filename>.wants</filename>, <filename>.requires</filename> symlinks may be | |
216 | loaded. Combine with <option>--user</option> to retrieve the list for the user | |
217 | manager instance, and <option>--global</option> for the global configuration of | |
218 | user manager instances. Note that this verb prints the list that is compiled into | |
219 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> itself, and does not comunicate with the | |
220 | running manager. Use | |
221 | <programlisting>systemctl [--user] [--global] show -p UnitPath --value</programlisting> | |
222 | to retrieve the actual list that the manager uses, with any empty directories | |
223 | omitted.</para> | |
224 | ||
90657286 YW |
225 | <para><command>systemd-analyze log-level</command> |
226 | prints the current log level of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
227 | If an optional argument <replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is provided, then the command changes the current log | |
228 | level of the <command>systemd</command> daemon to <replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> (accepts the same values as | |
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229 | <option>--log-level=</option> described in |
230 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>).</para> | |
231 | ||
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232 | <para><command>systemd-analyze log-target</command> |
233 | prints the current log target of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
234 | If an optional argument <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable> is provided, then the command changes the current log | |
235 | target of the <command>systemd</command> daemon to <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable> (accepts the same values as | |
b938cb90 | 236 | <option>--log-target=</option>, described in |
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237 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>).</para> |
238 | ||
1eecafb8 | 239 | <para><command>systemd-analyze syscall-filter <optional><replaceable>SET</replaceable>…</optional></command> |
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240 | will list system calls contained in the specified system call set <replaceable>SET</replaceable>, |
241 | or all known sets if no sets are specified. Argument <replaceable>SET</replaceable> must include | |
242 | the <literal>@</literal> prefix.</para> | |
243 | ||
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244 | <para><command>systemd-analyze verify</command> will load unit files and print |
245 | warnings if any errors are detected. Files specified on the command line will be | |
246 | loaded, but also any other units referenced by them. The full unit search path is | |
247 | formed by combining the directories for all command line arguments, and the usual unit | |
248 | load paths (variable <varname>$SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH</varname> is supported, and may be | |
249 | used to replace or augment the compiled in set of unit load paths; see | |
250 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>). | |
251 | All units files present in the directories containing the command line arguments will | |
252 | be used in preference to the other paths.</para> | |
798d3a52 | 253 | |
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254 | <para><command>systemd-analyze calendar</command> will parse and normalize repetitive calendar time events, and |
255 | will calculate when they will elapse next. This takes the same input as the <varname>OnCalendar=</varname> setting | |
256 | in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, following the | |
257 | syntax described in | |
258 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
259 | ||
90657286 YW |
260 | <para><command>systemd-analyze service-watchdogs</command> |
261 | prints the current state of service runtime watchdogs of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
262 | If an optional boolean argument is provided, then globally enables or disables the service | |
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263 | runtime watchdogs (<option>WatchdogSec=</option>) and emergency actions (e.g. |
264 | <option>OnFailure=</option> or <option>StartLimitAction=</option>); see | |
265 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
266 | The hardware watchdog is not affected by this setting.</para> | |
267 | ||
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268 | <para>If no command is passed, <command>systemd-analyze |
269 | time</command> is implied.</para> | |
270 | ||
271 | </refsect1> | |
272 | ||
273 | <refsect1> | |
274 | <title>Options</title> | |
275 | ||
276 | <para>The following options are understood:</para> | |
277 | ||
278 | <variablelist> | |
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279 | <varlistentry> |
280 | <term><option>--system</option></term> | |
281 | ||
282 | <listitem><para>Operates on the system systemd instance. This | |
283 | is the implied default.</para></listitem> | |
284 | </varlistentry> | |
285 | ||
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286 | <varlistentry> |
287 | <term><option>--user</option></term> | |
288 | ||
289 | <listitem><para>Operates on the user systemd | |
290 | instance.</para></listitem> | |
291 | </varlistentry> | |
292 | ||
293 | <varlistentry> | |
28b35ef2 | 294 | <term><option>--global</option></term> |
798d3a52 | 295 | |
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296 | <listitem><para>Operates on the system-wide configuration for |
297 | user systemd instance.</para></listitem> | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
298 | </varlistentry> |
299 | ||
300 | <varlistentry> | |
301 | <term><option>--order</option></term> | |
302 | <term><option>--require</option></term> | |
303 | ||
304 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
305 | <command>dot</command> command (see above), selects which | |
306 | dependencies are shown in the dependency graph. If | |
307 | <option>--order</option> is passed, only dependencies of type | |
308 | <varname>After=</varname> or <varname>Before=</varname> are | |
309 | shown. If <option>--require</option> is passed, only | |
310 | dependencies of type <varname>Requires=</varname>, | |
798d3a52 | 311 | <varname>Requisite=</varname>, |
798d3a52 ZJS |
312 | <varname>Wants=</varname> and <varname>Conflicts=</varname> |
313 | are shown. If neither is passed, this shows dependencies of | |
314 | all these types.</para></listitem> | |
315 | </varlistentry> | |
316 | ||
317 | <varlistentry> | |
318 | <term><option>--from-pattern=</option></term> | |
319 | <term><option>--to-pattern=</option></term> | |
320 | ||
321 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
322 | <command>dot</command> command (see above), this selects which | |
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323 | relationships are shown in the dependency graph. Both options |
324 | require a | |
3ba3a79d | 325 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
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326 | pattern as an argument, which will be matched against the |
327 | left-hand and the right-hand, respectively, nodes of a | |
328 | relationship.</para> | |
329 | ||
330 | <para>Each of these can be used more than once, in which case | |
331 | the unit name must match one of the values. When tests for | |
332 | both sides of the relation are present, a relation must pass | |
333 | both tests to be shown. When patterns are also specified as | |
334 | positional arguments, they must match at least one side of the | |
335 | relation. In other words, patterns specified with those two | |
336 | options will trim the list of edges matched by the positional | |
337 | arguments, if any are given, and fully determine the list of | |
338 | edges shown otherwise.</para></listitem> | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
339 | </varlistentry> |
340 | ||
341 | <varlistentry> | |
342 | <term><option>--fuzz=</option><replaceable>timespan</replaceable></term> | |
343 | ||
344 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
345 | <command>critical-chain</command> command (see above), also | |
346 | show units, which finished <replaceable>timespan</replaceable> | |
347 | earlier, than the latest unit in the same level. The unit of | |
348 | <replaceable>timespan</replaceable> is seconds unless | |
349 | specified with a different unit, e.g. | |
350 | "50ms".</para></listitem> | |
351 | </varlistentry> | |
352 | ||
353 | <varlistentry> | |
641c0fd1 | 354 | <term><option>--man=no</option></term> |
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355 | |
356 | <listitem><para>Do not invoke man to verify the existence of | |
6ecb6cec | 357 | man pages listed in <varname>Documentation=</varname>. |
798d3a52 ZJS |
358 | </para></listitem> |
359 | </varlistentry> | |
360 | ||
641c0fd1 ZJS |
361 | <varlistentry> |
362 | <term><option>--generators</option></term> | |
363 | ||
364 | <listitem><para>Invoke unit generators, see | |
365 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
06815764 ZJS |
366 | Some generators require root privileges. Under a normal user, running with |
367 | generators enabled will generally result in some warnings.</para></listitem> | |
641c0fd1 ZJS |
368 | </varlistentry> |
369 | ||
798d3a52 ZJS |
370 | <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" /> |
371 | <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" /> | |
372 | ||
373 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" /> | |
374 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" /> | |
375 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" /> | |
376 | </variablelist> | |
377 | ||
378 | </refsect1> | |
379 | ||
380 | <refsect1> | |
381 | <title>Exit status</title> | |
382 | ||
383 | <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code | |
384 | otherwise.</para> | |
385 | </refsect1> | |
386 | ||
387 | <refsect1> | |
388 | <title>Examples for <command>dot</command></title> | |
389 | ||
390 | <example> | |
391 | <title>Plots all dependencies of any unit whose name starts with | |
392 | <literal>avahi-daemon</literal></title> | |
393 | ||
394 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze dot 'avahi-daemon.*' | dot -Tsvg > avahi.svg | |
1de2a9a5 | 395 | $ eog avahi.svg</programlisting> |
798d3a52 ZJS |
396 | </example> |
397 | ||
398 | <example> | |
399 | <title>Plots the dependencies between all known target units</title> | |
400 | ||
1de2a9a5 | 401 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze dot --to-pattern='*.target' --from-pattern='*.target' | dot -Tsvg > targets.svg |
816f25e8 | 402 | $ eog targets.svg</programlisting> |
798d3a52 ZJS |
403 | </example> |
404 | </refsect1> | |
816f25e8 | 405 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
406 | <refsect1> |
407 | <title>Examples for <command>verify</command></title> | |
142c4eca | 408 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
409 | <para>The following errors are currently detected:</para> |
410 | <itemizedlist> | |
411 | <listitem><para>unknown sections and directives, | |
412 | </para></listitem> | |
142c4eca | 413 | |
798d3a52 | 414 | <listitem><para>missing dependencies which are required to start |
2a03116d | 415 | the given unit,</para></listitem> |
142c4eca | 416 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
417 | <listitem><para>man pages listed in |
418 | <varname>Documentation=</varname> which are not found in the | |
419 | system,</para></listitem> | |
142c4eca | 420 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
421 | <listitem><para>commands listed in <varname>ExecStart=</varname> |
422 | and similar which are not found in the system or not | |
423 | executable.</para></listitem> | |
424 | </itemizedlist> | |
142c4eca | 425 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
426 | <example> |
427 | <title>Misspelt directives</title> | |
142c4eca | 428 | |
798d3a52 | 429 | <programlisting>$ cat ./user.slice |
142c4eca ZJS |
430 | [Unit] |
431 | WhatIsThis=11 | |
432 | Documentation=man:nosuchfile(1) | |
433 | Requires=different.service | |
434 | ||
435 | [Service] | |
301a21a8 | 436 | Description=x |
142c4eca | 437 | |
ee9c4ff4 | 438 | $ systemd-analyze verify ./user.slice |
142c4eca ZJS |
439 | [./user.slice:9] Unknown lvalue 'WhatIsThis' in section 'Unit' |
440 | [./user.slice:13] Unknown section 'Service'. Ignoring. | |
441 | Error: org.freedesktop.systemd1.LoadFailed: | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
442 | Unit different.service failed to load: |
443 | No such file or directory. | |
142c4eca ZJS |
444 | Failed to create user.slice/start: Invalid argument |
445 | user.slice: man nosuchfile(1) command failed with code 16 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
446 | </programlisting> |
447 | </example> | |
142c4eca | 448 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
449 | <example> |
450 | <title>Missing service units</title> | |
142c4eca | 451 | |
798d3a52 | 452 | <programlisting>$ tail ./a.socket ./b.socket |
142c4eca ZJS |
453 | ==> ./a.socket <== |
454 | [Socket] | |
455 | ListenStream=100 | |
456 | ||
457 | ==> ./b.socket <== | |
458 | [Socket] | |
459 | ListenStream=100 | |
460 | Accept=yes | |
461 | ||
ee9c4ff4 | 462 | $ systemd-analyze verify ./a.socket ./b.socket |
142c4eca ZJS |
463 | Service a.service not loaded, a.socket cannot be started. |
464 | Service b@0.service not loaded, b.socket cannot be started. | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
465 | </programlisting> |
466 | </example> | |
467 | </refsect1> | |
468 | ||
469 | <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" /> | |
470 | ||
471 | <refsect1> | |
472 | <title>See Also</title> | |
473 | <para> | |
474 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
475 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
476 | </para> | |
477 | </refsect1> | |
359deb60 LP |
478 | |
479 | </refentry> |