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1/*
2 * wlantest frame injection
3 * Copyright (c) 2010, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi>
4 *
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5 * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
6 * See README for more details.
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7 */
8
9#include "utils/includes.h"
10
11#include "utils/common.h"
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12#include "common/defs.h"
13#include "common/ieee802_11_defs.h"
2e4c3469 14#include "crypto/aes_wrap.h"
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15#include "wlantest.h"
16
17
18static int inject_frame(int s, const void *data, size_t len)
19{
20#define IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_F_FRAG 0x08
21 unsigned char rtap_hdr[] = {
22 0x00, 0x00, /* radiotap version */
23 0x0e, 0x00, /* radiotap length */
24 0x02, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, /* bmap: flags, tx and rx flags */
25 IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_F_FRAG, /* F_FRAG (fragment if required) */
26 0x00, /* padding */
27 0x00, 0x00, /* RX and TX flags to indicate that */
28 0x00, 0x00, /* this is the injected frame directly */
29 };
30 struct iovec iov[2] = {
31 {
32 .iov_base = &rtap_hdr,
33 .iov_len = sizeof(rtap_hdr),
34 },
35 {
36 .iov_base = (void *) data,
37 .iov_len = len,
38 }
39 };
40 struct msghdr msg = {
41 .msg_name = NULL,
42 .msg_namelen = 0,
43 .msg_iov = iov,
44 .msg_iovlen = 2,
45 .msg_control = NULL,
46 .msg_controllen = 0,
47 .msg_flags = 0,
48 };
49 int ret;
50
51 ret = sendmsg(s, &msg, 0);
52 if (ret < 0)
53 perror("sendmsg");
54 return ret;
55}
56
57
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58static int is_robust_mgmt(u8 *frame, size_t len)
59{
60 struct ieee80211_mgmt *mgmt;
61 u16 fc, stype;
62 if (len < 24)
63 return 0;
64 mgmt = (struct ieee80211_mgmt *) frame;
65 fc = le_to_host16(mgmt->frame_control);
66 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) != WLAN_FC_TYPE_MGMT)
67 return 0;
68 stype = WLAN_FC_GET_STYPE(fc);
69 if (stype == WLAN_FC_STYPE_DEAUTH || stype == WLAN_FC_STYPE_DISASSOC)
70 return 1;
71 if (stype == WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) {
72 if (len < 25)
73 return 0;
74 if (mgmt->u.action.category != WLAN_ACTION_PUBLIC)
75 return 1;
76 }
77 return 0;
78}
79
80
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81static int wlantest_inject_bip(struct wlantest *wt, struct wlantest_bss *bss,
82 u8 *frame, size_t len, int incorrect_key)
83{
a9eae7ef 84 u8 *prot;
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85 u8 dummy[16];
86 int ret;
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87 size_t plen;
88
89 if (!bss->igtk_set[bss->igtk_idx])
90 return -1;
91
a9eae7ef 92 os_memset(dummy, 0x11, sizeof(dummy));
2e4c3469 93 inc_byte_array(bss->ipn[bss->igtk_idx], 6);
2e4c3469 94
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95 prot = bip_protect(incorrect_key ? dummy : bss->igtk[bss->igtk_idx],
96 frame, len, bss->ipn[bss->igtk_idx],
97 bss->igtk_idx, &plen);
98 if (prot == NULL)
2e4c3469 99 return -1;
2e4c3469 100
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101
102 ret = inject_frame(wt->monitor_sock, prot, plen);
103 os_free(prot);
104
105 return (ret < 0) ? -1 : 0;
106}
107
108
109static int wlantest_inject_prot_bc(struct wlantest *wt,
110 struct wlantest_bss *bss,
111 u8 *frame, size_t len, int incorrect_key)
112{
113 u8 *crypt;
114 size_t crypt_len;
115 int ret;
116 u8 dummy[64];
117 u8 *pn;
118 struct ieee80211_hdr *hdr;
119 u16 fc;
120 int hdrlen;
121
122 hdr = (struct ieee80211_hdr *) frame;
123 hdrlen = 24;
124 fc = le_to_host16(hdr->frame_control);
125
126 if (!bss->gtk_len[bss->gtk_idx])
127 return -1;
128
129 if ((fc & (WLAN_FC_TODS | WLAN_FC_FROMDS)) ==
130 (WLAN_FC_TODS | WLAN_FC_FROMDS))
131 hdrlen += ETH_ALEN;
132 pn = bss->rsc[bss->gtk_idx];
133 inc_byte_array(pn, 6);
134
135 os_memset(dummy, 0x11, sizeof(dummy));
136 if (bss->group_cipher == WPA_CIPHER_TKIP)
137 crypt = tkip_encrypt(incorrect_key ? dummy :
138 bss->gtk[bss->gtk_idx],
139 frame, len, hdrlen, NULL, pn,
140 bss->gtk_idx, &crypt_len);
141 else
142 crypt = ccmp_encrypt(incorrect_key ? dummy :
143 bss->gtk[bss->gtk_idx],
144 frame, len, hdrlen, NULL, pn,
145 bss->gtk_idx, &crypt_len);
146
147 if (crypt == NULL)
148 return -1;
149
150 ret = inject_frame(wt->monitor_sock, crypt, crypt_len);
151 os_free(crypt);
152
153 return (ret < 0) ? -1 : 0;
154}
155
156
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157static int wlantest_inject_prot(struct wlantest *wt, struct wlantest_bss *bss,
158 struct wlantest_sta *sta, u8 *frame,
159 size_t len, int incorrect_key)
160{
161 u8 *crypt;
162 size_t crypt_len;
163 int ret;
164 u8 dummy[64];
165 u8 *pn;
166 struct ieee80211_hdr *hdr;
167 u16 fc;
168 int tid = 0;
169 u8 *qos = NULL;
170 int hdrlen;
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171 struct wlantest_tdls *tdls = NULL;
172 const u8 *tk = NULL;
571ab37b 173
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174 hdr = (struct ieee80211_hdr *) frame;
175 hdrlen = 24;
176 fc = le_to_host16(hdr->frame_control);
177
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178 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_DATA &&
179 (fc & (WLAN_FC_TODS | WLAN_FC_FROMDS)) == 0) {
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180 struct wlantest_sta *sta2;
181 bss = bss_get(wt, hdr->addr3);
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182 if (bss == NULL) {
183 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "No BSS found for TDLS "
184 "injection");
b3a6d9d4 185 return -1;
a8401116 186 }
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187 sta = sta_find(bss, hdr->addr2);
188 sta2 = sta_find(bss, hdr->addr1);
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189 if (sta == NULL || sta2 == NULL) {
190 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "No stations found for TDLS "
191 "injection");
b3a6d9d4 192 return -1;
a8401116 193 }
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194 dl_list_for_each(tdls, &bss->tdls, struct wlantest_tdls, list)
195 {
196 if ((tdls->init == sta && tdls->resp == sta2) ||
197 (tdls->init == sta2 && tdls->resp == sta)) {
198 if (!tdls->link_up)
199 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "TDLS: Link not "
200 "up, but injecting Data "
201 "frame on direct link");
202 tk = tdls->tpk.tk;
203 break;
204 }
205 }
206 }
207
208 if (tk == NULL && sta == NULL) {
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209 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_MGMT)
210 return wlantest_inject_bip(wt, bss, frame, len,
211 incorrect_key);
212 return wlantest_inject_prot_bc(wt, bss, frame, len,
213 incorrect_key);
214 }
571ab37b 215
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216 if (tk == NULL && !sta->ptk_set) {
217 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "No key known for injection");
571ab37b 218 return -1;
a8401116 219 }
571ab37b 220
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221 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_MGMT)
222 tid = 16;
223 else if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_DATA) {
224 if ((fc & (WLAN_FC_TODS | WLAN_FC_FROMDS)) ==
225 (WLAN_FC_TODS | WLAN_FC_FROMDS))
226 hdrlen += ETH_ALEN;
227 if (WLAN_FC_GET_STYPE(fc) & 0x08) {
228 qos = frame + hdrlen;
229 hdrlen += 2;
230 tid = qos[0] & 0x0f;
231 }
232 }
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233 if (tk) {
234 if (os_memcmp(hdr->addr2, tdls->init->addr, ETH_ALEN) == 0)
235 pn = tdls->rsc_init[tid];
236 else
237 pn = tdls->rsc_resp[tid];
238 } else if (os_memcmp(hdr->addr2, bss->bssid, ETH_ALEN) == 0)
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239 pn = sta->rsc_fromds[tid];
240 else
241 pn = sta->rsc_tods[tid];
242 inc_byte_array(pn, 6);
243
244 os_memset(dummy, 0x11, sizeof(dummy));
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245 if (tk)
246 crypt = ccmp_encrypt(incorrect_key ? dummy : tk,
247 frame, len, hdrlen, qos, pn, 0,
248 &crypt_len);
249 else if (sta->pairwise_cipher == WPA_CIPHER_TKIP)
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250 crypt = tkip_encrypt(incorrect_key ? dummy : sta->ptk.tk1,
251 frame, len, hdrlen, qos, pn, 0,
252 &crypt_len);
253 else
254 crypt = ccmp_encrypt(incorrect_key ? dummy : sta->ptk.tk1,
255 frame, len, hdrlen, qos, pn, 0,
256 &crypt_len);
257
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258 if (crypt == NULL) {
259 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Frame encryption failed");
571ab37b 260 return -1;
a8401116 261 }
571ab37b 262
902621e2 263 wpa_hexdump(MSG_DEBUG, "Inject frame (encrypted)", crypt, crypt_len);
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264 ret = inject_frame(wt->monitor_sock, crypt, crypt_len);
265 os_free(crypt);
a8401116 266 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "inject_frame for protected frame: %d", ret);
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267
268 return (ret < 0) ? -1 : 0;
269}
270
271
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272int wlantest_inject(struct wlantest *wt, struct wlantest_bss *bss,
273 struct wlantest_sta *sta, u8 *frame, size_t len,
274 enum wlantest_inject_protection prot)
275{
276 int ret;
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277 struct ieee80211_hdr *hdr;
278 u16 fc;
279 int protectable, protect = 0;
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280
281 wpa_hexdump(MSG_DEBUG, "Inject frame", frame, len);
282 if (wt->monitor_sock < 0) {
283 wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "Cannot inject frames when monitor "
284 "interface is not in use");
285 return -1;
286 }
287
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288 if (prot != WLANTEST_INJECT_UNPROTECTED &&
289 (bss == NULL || sta == NULL)) {
290 wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "No BSS/STA information to inject "
291 "protected frames");
292 return -1;
293 }
294
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295 hdr = (struct ieee80211_hdr *) frame;
296 fc = le_to_host16(hdr->frame_control);
297 protectable = WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_DATA ||
298 is_robust_mgmt(frame, len);
299
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300 if ((prot == WLANTEST_INJECT_PROTECTED ||
301 prot == WLANTEST_INJECT_INCORRECT_KEY) && bss) {
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302 if (!sta &&
303 ((WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_MGMT &&
304 !bss->igtk_set[bss->igtk_idx]) ||
305 (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_DATA &&
306 !bss->gtk_len[bss->gtk_idx]))) {
307 wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "No GTK/IGTK known for "
308 MACSTR " to protect the injected "
309 "frame", MAC2STR(bss->bssid));
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310 return -1;
311 }
312 if (sta && !sta->ptk_set) {
313 wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "No PTK known for the STA " MACSTR
314 " to encrypt the injected frame",
315 MAC2STR(sta->addr));
316 return -1;
317 }
318 protect = 1;
02b915f6 319 } else if (protectable && prot != WLANTEST_INJECT_UNPROTECTED && bss) {
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320 if (sta && sta->ptk_set)
321 protect = 1;
322 else if (!sta) {
323 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_DATA &&
2e4c3469 324 bss->gtk_len[bss->gtk_idx])
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325 protect = 1;
326 if (WLAN_FC_GET_TYPE(fc) == WLAN_FC_TYPE_MGMT &&
2e4c3469 327 bss->igtk_set[bss->igtk_idx])
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328 protect = 1;
329 }
330 }
331
02b915f6 332 if (protect && bss)
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333 return wlantest_inject_prot(
334 wt, bss, sta, frame, len,
335 prot == WLANTEST_INJECT_INCORRECT_KEY);
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336
337 ret = inject_frame(wt->monitor_sock, frame, len);
a8401116 338 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "inject_frame for unprotected frame: %d", ret);
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339 return (ret < 0) ? -1 : 0;
340}