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1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> | |
2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" | |
3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> | |
4 | <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ --> | |
5 | ||
6 | <refentry id="systemd-tmpfiles" | |
7 | xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> | |
8 | ||
9 | <refentryinfo> | |
10 | <title>systemd-tmpfiles</title> | |
11 | <productname>systemd</productname> | |
12 | </refentryinfo> | |
13 | ||
14 | <refmeta> | |
15 | <refentrytitle>systemd-tmpfiles</refentrytitle> | |
16 | <manvolnum>8</manvolnum> | |
17 | </refmeta> | |
18 | ||
19 | <refnamediv> | |
20 | <refname>systemd-tmpfiles</refname> | |
21 | <refname>systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service</refname> | |
22 | <refname>systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service</refname> | |
23 | <refname>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service</refname> | |
24 | <refname>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer</refname> | |
25 | <refpurpose>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile | |
26 | and temporary files and directories</refpurpose> | |
27 | </refnamediv> | |
28 | ||
29 | <refsynopsisdiv> | |
30 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
31 | <command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> | |
32 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
33 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>CONFIGFILE</replaceable></arg> | |
34 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
35 | ||
36 | <para>System units: | |
37 | <literallayout><filename>systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service</filename> | |
38 | <filename>systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service</filename> | |
39 | <filename>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service</filename> | |
40 | <filename>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer</filename></literallayout></para> | |
41 | ||
42 | <para>User units: | |
43 | <literallayout><filename>systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service</filename> | |
44 | <filename>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service</filename> | |
45 | <filename>systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer</filename></literallayout></para> | |
46 | </refsynopsisdiv> | |
47 | ||
48 | <refsect1> | |
49 | <title>Description</title> | |
50 | ||
51 | <para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> creates, deletes, and | |
52 | cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories, based on | |
53 | the configuration file format and location specified in | |
54 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
55 | </para> | |
56 | ||
57 | <para>If invoked with no arguments, it applies all directives from all configuration | |
58 | files. When invoked with <option>--replace=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></option>, | |
59 | arguments specified on the command line are used instead of the configuration file | |
60 | <replaceable>PATH</replaceable>. Otherwise, if one or more absolute filenames are | |
61 | passed on the command line, only the directives in these files are applied. If | |
62 | <literal>-</literal> is specified instead of a filename, directives are read from | |
63 | standard input. If only the basename of a configuration file is specified, all | |
64 | configuration directories as specified in | |
65 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
66 | are searched for a matching file and the file found that has the highest priority is | |
67 | executed.</para> | |
68 | </refsect1> | |
69 | ||
70 | <refsect1> | |
71 | <title>Options</title> | |
72 | ||
73 | <para>The following options are understood:</para> | |
74 | ||
75 | <variablelist> | |
76 | <varlistentry> | |
77 | <term><option>--create</option></term> | |
78 | <listitem><para>If this option is passed, all files and | |
79 | directories marked with | |
80 | <varname>f</varname>, | |
81 | <varname>F</varname>, | |
82 | <varname>w</varname>, | |
83 | <varname>d</varname>, | |
84 | <varname>D</varname>, | |
85 | <varname>v</varname>, | |
86 | <varname>p</varname>, | |
87 | <varname>L</varname>, | |
88 | <varname>c</varname>, | |
89 | <varname>b</varname>, | |
90 | <varname>m</varname> | |
91 | in the configuration files are created or written to. Files | |
92 | and directories marked with | |
93 | <varname>z</varname>, | |
94 | <varname>Z</varname>, | |
95 | <varname>t</varname>, | |
96 | <varname>T</varname>, | |
97 | <varname>a</varname>, and | |
98 | <varname>A</varname> have their ownership, access mode and | |
99 | security labels set.</para></listitem> | |
100 | </varlistentry> | |
101 | ||
102 | <varlistentry> | |
103 | <term><option>--clean</option></term> | |
104 | <listitem><para>If this option is passed, all files and | |
105 | directories with an age parameter configured will be cleaned | |
106 | up.</para></listitem> | |
107 | </varlistentry> | |
108 | ||
109 | <varlistentry> | |
110 | <term><option>--remove</option></term> | |
111 | <listitem><para>If this option is passed, the contents of | |
112 | directories marked with <varname>D</varname> or | |
113 | <varname>R</varname>, and files or directories themselves | |
114 | marked with <varname>r</varname> or <varname>R</varname> are | |
115 | removed.</para></listitem> | |
116 | </varlistentry> | |
117 | ||
118 | <varlistentry> | |
119 | <term><option>--user</option></term> | |
120 | <listitem><para>Execute "user" configuration, i.e. <filename>tmpfiles.d</filename> | |
121 | files in user configuration directories.</para></listitem> | |
122 | </varlistentry> | |
123 | ||
124 | <varlistentry> | |
125 | <term><option>--boot</option></term> | |
126 | <listitem><para>Also execute lines with an exclamation mark. | |
127 | </para></listitem> | |
128 | </varlistentry> | |
129 | ||
130 | <varlistentry> | |
131 | <term><option>--prefix=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term> | |
132 | <listitem><para>Only apply rules with paths that start with | |
133 | the specified prefix. This option can be specified multiple | |
134 | times.</para></listitem> | |
135 | </varlistentry> | |
136 | <varlistentry> | |
137 | <term><option>--exclude-prefix=<replaceable>path</replaceable></option></term> | |
138 | <listitem><para>Ignore rules with paths that start with the | |
139 | specified prefix. This option can be specified multiple | |
140 | times.</para></listitem> | |
141 | </varlistentry> | |
142 | ||
143 | <varlistentry> | |
144 | <term><option>--root=<replaceable>root</replaceable></option></term> | |
145 | <listitem><para>Takes a directory path as an argument. All paths will be prefixed with the given alternate | |
146 | <replaceable>root</replaceable> path, including config search paths.</para> | |
147 | ||
148 | <para>Note that this option does not alter how the users and groups specified in the configuration files are | |
149 | resolved. With or without this option, users and groups are always resolved according to the host's user and | |
150 | group databases, any such databases stored under the specified root directories are not | |
151 | consulted.</para></listitem> | |
152 | </varlistentry> | |
153 | ||
154 | <varlistentry> | |
155 | <term><option>--replace=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></option></term> | |
156 | <listitem><para>When this option is given, one ore more positional arguments | |
157 | must be specified. All configuration files found in the directories listed in | |
158 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
159 | will be read, and the configuration given on the command line will be | |
160 | handled instead of and with the same priority as the configuration file | |
161 | <replaceable>PATH</replaceable>.</para> | |
162 | ||
163 | <para>This option is intended to be used when package installation scripts | |
164 | are running and files belonging to that package are not yet available on | |
165 | disk, so their contents must be given on the command line, but the admin | |
166 | configuration might already exist and should be given higher priority. | |
167 | </para></listitem> | |
168 | </varlistentry> | |
169 | ||
170 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="cat-config" /> | |
171 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" /> | |
172 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" /> | |
173 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" /> | |
174 | </variablelist> | |
175 | ||
176 | <para>It is possible to combine <option>--create</option>, <option>--clean</option>, and <option>--remove</option> | |
177 | in one invocation (in which case removal and clean-up are executed before creation of new files). For example, | |
178 | during boot the following command line is executed to ensure that all temporary and volatile directories are | |
179 | removed and created according to the configuration file:</para> | |
180 | ||
181 | <programlisting>systemd-tmpfiles --remove --create</programlisting> | |
182 | </refsect1> | |
183 | ||
184 | <refsect1> | |
185 | <title>Unprivileged --cleanup operation</title> | |
186 | ||
187 | <para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> tries to avoid changing | |
188 | the access and modification times on the directories it accesses, | |
189 | which requires <constant>CAP_FOWNER</constant> privileges. When | |
190 | running as non-root, directories which are checked for files to | |
191 | clean up will have their access time bumped, which might prevent | |
192 | their cleanup. | |
193 | </para> | |
194 | </refsect1> | |
195 | ||
196 | <refsect1> | |
197 | <title>Exit status</title> | |
198 | ||
199 | <para>On success, 0 is returned. If the configuration was syntactically invalid (syntax errors, | |
200 | missing arguments, …), so some lines had to be ignored, but no other errors occurred, | |
201 | <constant>65</constant> is returned (<constant>EX_DATAERR</constant> from | |
202 | <filename>/usr/include/sysexits.h</filename>). If the configuration was syntactically valid, but | |
203 | could not be executed (lack of permissions, creation of files in missing directories, invalid | |
204 | contents when writing to <filename>/sys/</filename> values, …), <constant>73</constant> is | |
205 | returned (<constant>EX_CANTCREAT</constant> from <filename>/usr/include/sysexits.h</filename>). | |
206 | Otherwise, <constant>1</constant> is returned (<constant>EXIT_FAILURE</constant> from | |
207 | <filename>/usr/include/stdlib.h</filename>). | |
208 | </para> | |
209 | </refsect1> | |
210 | ||
211 | <refsect1> | |
212 | <title>See Also</title> | |
213 | <para> | |
214 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
215 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
216 | </para> | |
217 | </refsect1> | |
218 | ||
219 | </refentry> |