INSTALL

   1
   2                 Git installation
   3
   4 Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
   5 will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory.  If you want
   6 to do a global install, you can do
   7
   8         $ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
   9         # make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
  10
  11 (or prefix=/usr/local, of course).  Just like any program suite
  12 that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
  13 which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
  14 install" would not work.
  15
  16 The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
  17 git is built.  You can override them either from the command line, or in a
  18 config.mak file.
  19
  20 Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
  21 set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
  22
  23         $ make configure ;# as yourself
  24         $ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
  25         $ make all doc ;# as yourself
  26         # make install install-doc install-html;# as root
  27
  28 If you're willing to trade off (much) longer build time for a later
  29 faster git you can also do a profile feedback build with
  30
  31         $ make profile-all
  32         # make prefix=... install
  33
  34 This will run the complete test suite as training workload and then
  35 rebuild git with the generated profile feedback. This results in a git
  36 which is a few percent faster on CPU intensive workloads.  This
  37 may be a good tradeoff for distribution packagers.
  38
  39 Note that the profile feedback build stage currently generates
  40 a lot of additional compiler warnings.
  41
  42 Issues of note:
  43
  44  - Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
  45    program "git", whose name conflicts with this program.  But with
  46    version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
  47    around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
  48    longer a problem.
  49
  50    NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
  51    Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
  52    with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
  53
  54  - You can use git after building but without installing if you want
  55    to test drive it.  Simply run git found in bin-wrappers directory
  56    in the build directory, or prepend that directory to your $PATH.
  57    This however is less efficient than running an installed git, as
  58    you always need an extra fork+exec to run any git subcommand.
  59
  60    It is still possible to use git without installing by setting a few
  61    environment variables, which was the way this was done
  62    traditionally.  But using git found in bin-wrappers directory in
  63    the build directory is far simpler.  As a historical reference, the
  64    old way went like this:
  65
  66         GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
  67         PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
  68         GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/blib/lib
  69         export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
  70
  71  - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
  72    programs and libraries.  Git can be used without most of them by adding
  73    the approriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
  74    config.mak file.
  75
  76         - "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
  77
  78         - "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
  79
  80         - A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run many scripts needed
  81           for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "pull").
  82
  83         - "Perl" version 5.8 or later is needed to use some of the
  84           features (e.g. preparing a partial commit using "git add -i/-p",
  85           interacting with svn repositories with "git svn").  If you can
  86           live without these, use NO_PERL.
  87
  88         - "openssl" library is used by git-imap-send to use IMAP over SSL.
  89           If you don't need it, use NO_OPENSSL.
  90
  91           By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use it's own
  92           library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
  93           BLK_SHA1.  Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
  94           (PPC_SHA1).
  95
  96         - "libcurl" library is used by git-http-fetch and git-fetch.  You
  97           might also want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes.
  98           If you do not use http:// or https:// repositories, you do not
  99           have to have them (use NO_CURL).
 100
 101         - "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
 102           management over DAV.  Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
 103           (with NO_EXPAT).
 104
 105         - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
 106           history graphically, and in git-gui.  If you don't want gitk or
 107           git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
 108
 109  - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
 110    but depending on your specific installation, you may not
 111    have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
 112    necessary libraries at unusual locations.  Please look at the
 113    top of the Makefile to see what can be adjusted for your needs.
 114    You can place local settings in config.mak and the Makefile
 115    will include them.  Note that config.mak is not distributed;
 116    the name is reserved for local settings.
 117
 118  - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
 119    the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain.  Because not many people are
 120    inclined to install the tools, the default build target
 121    ("make all") does _not_ build them.
 122
 123    "make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
 124    also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
 125    requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
 126    requires both.
 127
 128    "make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
 129    are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
 130    install-info".
 131
 132    Building and installing the info file additionally requires
 133    makeinfo and docbook2X.  Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
 134
 135    Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
 136    dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
 137
 138    The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but by default
 139    uses some compatibility wrappers to work on AsciiDoc 8. If you have
 140    AsciiDoc 7, try "make ASCIIDOC7=YesPlease".
 141
 142    There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
 143    and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
 144    and html documentation. To use these build targets, you need to
 145    clone two separate git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories next
 146    to the clone of git itself.
 147
 148    It has been reported that docbook-xsl version 1.72 and 1.73 are
 149    buggy; 1.72 misformats manual pages for callouts, and 1.73 needs
 150    the patch in contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch
 151
 152    Users attempting to build the documentation on Cygwin may need to ensure
 153    that the /etc/xml/catalog file looks something like this:
 154
 155    <?xml version="1.0"?>
 156    <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC
 157       "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
 158       "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"
 159    >
 160    <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
 161      <rewriteURI
 162        uriStartString = "http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current"
 163        rewritePrefix = "/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets"
 164      />
 165      <rewriteURI
 166        uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5"
 167        rewritePrefix="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5"
 168      />
 169   </catalog>
 170
 171   This can be achieved with the following two xmlcatalog commands:
 172
 173   xmlcatalog --noout \
 174      --add rewriteURI \
 175         http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current \
 176         /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets \
 177      /etc/xml/catalog
 178
 179   xmlcatalog --noout \
 180      --add rewriteURI \
 181          http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/xsl/current \
 182          /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5 \
 183      /etc/xml/catalog