2 * Pin Control driver for SuperH Pin Function Controller.
4 * Authors: Magnus Damm, Paul Mundt, Laurent Pinchart
6 * Copyright (C) 2008 Magnus Damm
7 * Copyright (C) 2009 - 2012 Paul Mundt
8 * Copyright (C) 2017 Marek Vasut
10 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
13 #define DRV_NAME "sh-pfc"
18 #include <dm/pinctrl.h>
20 #include <linux/sizes.h>
24 DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR
;
31 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
{
35 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
{
38 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
*configs
;
40 const char *func_prop_name
;
41 const char *groups_prop_name
;
42 const char *pins_prop_name
;
45 struct sh_pfc_pin_range
{
50 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
{
52 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl pmx
;
55 int sh_pfc_get_pin_index(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, unsigned int pin
)
60 for (i
= 0, offset
= 0; i
< pfc
->nr_ranges
; ++i
) {
61 const struct sh_pfc_pin_range
*range
= &pfc
->ranges
[i
];
63 if (pin
<= range
->end
)
64 return pin
>= range
->start
65 ? offset
+ pin
- range
->start
: -1;
67 offset
+= range
->end
- range
->start
+ 1;
73 static int sh_pfc_enum_in_range(u16 enum_id
, const struct pinmux_range
*r
)
75 if (enum_id
< r
->begin
)
84 u32
sh_pfc_read_raw_reg(void __iomem
*mapped_reg
, unsigned int reg_width
)
88 return readb(mapped_reg
);
90 return readw(mapped_reg
);
92 return readl(mapped_reg
);
99 void sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(void __iomem
*mapped_reg
, unsigned int reg_width
,
104 writeb(data
, mapped_reg
);
107 writew(data
, mapped_reg
);
110 writel(data
, mapped_reg
);
117 u32
sh_pfc_read_reg(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, u32 reg
, unsigned int width
)
119 return sh_pfc_read_raw_reg(pfc
->regs
+ reg
, width
);
122 void sh_pfc_write_reg(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, u32 reg
, unsigned int width
, u32 data
)
124 void __iomem
*unlock_reg
=
125 (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
;
127 if (pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
)
128 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(unlock_reg
, 32, ~data
);
130 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(pfc
->regs
+ reg
, width
, data
);
133 static void sh_pfc_config_reg_helper(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
,
134 const struct pinmux_cfg_reg
*crp
,
136 void __iomem
**mapped_regp
, u32
*maskp
,
141 *mapped_regp
= (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)crp
->reg
;
143 if (crp
->field_width
) {
144 *maskp
= (1 << crp
->field_width
) - 1;
145 *posp
= crp
->reg_width
- ((in_pos
+ 1) * crp
->field_width
);
147 *maskp
= (1 << crp
->var_field_width
[in_pos
]) - 1;
148 *posp
= crp
->reg_width
;
149 for (k
= 0; k
<= in_pos
; k
++)
150 *posp
-= crp
->var_field_width
[k
];
154 static void sh_pfc_write_config_reg(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
,
155 const struct pinmux_cfg_reg
*crp
,
156 unsigned int field
, u32 value
)
158 void __iomem
*mapped_reg
;
159 void __iomem
*unlock_reg
=
160 (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
;
164 sh_pfc_config_reg_helper(pfc
, crp
, field
, &mapped_reg
, &mask
, &pos
);
166 dev_dbg(pfc
->dev
, "write_reg addr = %x, value = 0x%x, field = %u, "
167 "r_width = %u, f_width = %u\n",
168 crp
->reg
, value
, field
, crp
->reg_width
, crp
->field_width
);
170 mask
= ~(mask
<< pos
);
171 value
= value
<< pos
;
173 data
= sh_pfc_read_raw_reg(mapped_reg
, crp
->reg_width
);
177 if (pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
)
178 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(unlock_reg
, 32, ~data
);
180 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(mapped_reg
, crp
->reg_width
, data
);
183 static int sh_pfc_get_config_reg(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, u16 enum_id
,
184 const struct pinmux_cfg_reg
**crp
,
185 unsigned int *fieldp
, u32
*valuep
)
190 const struct pinmux_cfg_reg
*config_reg
=
191 pfc
->info
->cfg_regs
+ k
;
192 unsigned int r_width
= config_reg
->reg_width
;
193 unsigned int f_width
= config_reg
->field_width
;
194 unsigned int curr_width
;
195 unsigned int bit_pos
;
196 unsigned int pos
= 0;
202 for (bit_pos
= 0; bit_pos
< r_width
; bit_pos
+= curr_width
) {
207 curr_width
= f_width
;
209 curr_width
= config_reg
->var_field_width
[m
];
211 ncomb
= 1 << curr_width
;
212 for (n
= 0; n
< ncomb
; n
++) {
213 if (config_reg
->enum_ids
[pos
+ n
] == enum_id
) {
229 static int sh_pfc_mark_to_enum(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, u16 mark
, int pos
,
232 const u16
*data
= pfc
->info
->pinmux_data
;
236 *enum_idp
= data
[pos
+ 1];
240 for (k
= 0; k
< pfc
->info
->pinmux_data_size
; k
++) {
241 if (data
[k
] == mark
) {
242 *enum_idp
= data
[k
+ 1];
247 dev_err(pfc
->dev
, "cannot locate data/mark enum_id for mark %d\n",
252 int sh_pfc_config_mux(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, unsigned mark
, int pinmux_type
)
254 const struct pinmux_range
*range
;
257 switch (pinmux_type
) {
258 case PINMUX_TYPE_GPIO
:
259 case PINMUX_TYPE_FUNCTION
:
263 case PINMUX_TYPE_OUTPUT
:
264 range
= &pfc
->info
->output
;
267 case PINMUX_TYPE_INPUT
:
268 range
= &pfc
->info
->input
;
275 /* Iterate over all the configuration fields we need to update. */
277 const struct pinmux_cfg_reg
*cr
;
284 pos
= sh_pfc_mark_to_enum(pfc
, mark
, pos
, &enum_id
);
291 /* Check if the configuration field selects a function. If it
292 * doesn't, skip the field if it's not applicable to the
293 * requested pinmux type.
295 in_range
= sh_pfc_enum_in_range(enum_id
, &pfc
->info
->function
);
297 if (pinmux_type
== PINMUX_TYPE_FUNCTION
) {
298 /* Functions are allowed to modify all
302 } else if (pinmux_type
!= PINMUX_TYPE_GPIO
) {
303 /* Input/output types can only modify fields
304 * that correspond to their respective ranges.
306 in_range
= sh_pfc_enum_in_range(enum_id
, range
);
309 * special case pass through for fixed
310 * input-only or output-only pins without
311 * function enum register association.
313 if (in_range
&& enum_id
== range
->force
)
316 /* GPIOs are only allowed to modify function fields. */
322 ret
= sh_pfc_get_config_reg(pfc
, enum_id
, &cr
, &field
, &value
);
326 sh_pfc_write_config_reg(pfc
, cr
, field
, value
);
332 const struct sh_pfc_bias_info
*
333 sh_pfc_pin_to_bias_info(const struct sh_pfc_bias_info
*info
,
334 unsigned int num
, unsigned int pin
)
338 for (i
= 0; i
< num
; i
++)
339 if (info
[i
].pin
== pin
)
342 printf("Pin %u is not in bias info list\n", pin
);
347 static int sh_pfc_init_ranges(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
)
349 struct sh_pfc_pin_range
*range
;
350 unsigned int nr_ranges
;
353 if (pfc
->info
->pins
[0].pin
== (u16
)-1) {
354 /* Pin number -1 denotes that the SoC doesn't report pin numbers
355 * in its pin arrays yet. Consider the pin numbers range as
356 * continuous and allocate a single range.
359 pfc
->ranges
= kzalloc(sizeof(*pfc
->ranges
), GFP_KERNEL
);
360 if (pfc
->ranges
== NULL
)
363 pfc
->ranges
->start
= 0;
364 pfc
->ranges
->end
= pfc
->info
->nr_pins
- 1;
365 pfc
->nr_gpio_pins
= pfc
->info
->nr_pins
;
370 /* Count, allocate and fill the ranges. The PFC SoC data pins array must
371 * be sorted by pin numbers, and pins without a GPIO port must come
374 for (i
= 1, nr_ranges
= 1; i
< pfc
->info
->nr_pins
; ++i
) {
375 if (pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].pin
!= pfc
->info
->pins
[i
].pin
- 1)
379 pfc
->nr_ranges
= nr_ranges
;
380 pfc
->ranges
= kzalloc(sizeof(*pfc
->ranges
) * nr_ranges
, GFP_KERNEL
);
381 if (pfc
->ranges
== NULL
)
385 range
->start
= pfc
->info
->pins
[0].pin
;
387 for (i
= 1; i
< pfc
->info
->nr_pins
; ++i
) {
388 if (pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].pin
== pfc
->info
->pins
[i
].pin
- 1)
391 range
->end
= pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].pin
;
392 if (!(pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_NO_GPIO
))
393 pfc
->nr_gpio_pins
= range
->end
+ 1;
396 range
->start
= pfc
->info
->pins
[i
].pin
;
399 range
->end
= pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].pin
;
400 if (!(pfc
->info
->pins
[i
-1].configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_NO_GPIO
))
401 pfc
->nr_gpio_pins
= range
->end
+ 1;
406 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_pins_count(struct udevice
*dev
)
408 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
410 return priv
->pfc
.info
->nr_pins
;
413 static const char *sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_pin_name(struct udevice
*dev
,
416 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
418 return priv
->pfc
.info
->pins
[selector
].name
;
421 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_groups_count(struct udevice
*dev
)
423 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
425 return priv
->pfc
.info
->nr_groups
;
428 static const char *sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_group_name(struct udevice
*dev
,
431 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
433 return priv
->pfc
.info
->groups
[selector
].name
;
436 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_functions_count(struct udevice
*dev
)
438 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
440 return priv
->pfc
.info
->nr_functions
;
443 static const char *sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_function_name(struct udevice
*dev
,
446 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
448 return priv
->pfc
.info
->functions
[selector
].name
;
451 int sh_pfc_config_mux_for_gpio(struct udevice
*dev
, unsigned pin_selector
)
453 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
454 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
= &priv
->pmx
;
455 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
456 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
*cfg
;
457 const struct sh_pfc_pin
*pin
= NULL
;
460 for (i
= 1; i
< pfc
->info
->nr_pins
; i
++) {
461 if (priv
->pfc
.info
->pins
[i
].pin
!= pin_selector
)
464 pin
= &priv
->pfc
.info
->pins
[i
];
471 idx
= sh_pfc_get_pin_index(pfc
, pin
->pin
);
472 cfg
= &pmx
->configs
[idx
];
474 if (cfg
->type
!= PINMUX_TYPE_NONE
)
477 return sh_pfc_config_mux(pfc
, pin
->enum_id
, PINMUX_TYPE_GPIO
);
480 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_pin_set(struct udevice
*dev
, unsigned pin_selector
,
481 unsigned func_selector
)
483 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
484 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
= &priv
->pmx
;
485 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
486 const struct sh_pfc_pin
*pin
= &priv
->pfc
.info
->pins
[pin_selector
];
487 int idx
= sh_pfc_get_pin_index(pfc
, pin
->pin
);
488 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
*cfg
= &pmx
->configs
[idx
];
490 if (cfg
->type
!= PINMUX_TYPE_NONE
)
493 return sh_pfc_config_mux(pfc
, pin
->enum_id
, PINMUX_TYPE_FUNCTION
);
496 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_group_set(struct udevice
*dev
, unsigned group_selector
,
497 unsigned func_selector
)
499 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
500 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
= &priv
->pmx
;
501 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
502 const struct sh_pfc_pin_group
*grp
= &priv
->pfc
.info
->groups
[group_selector
];
506 for (i
= 0; i
< grp
->nr_pins
; ++i
) {
507 int idx
= sh_pfc_get_pin_index(pfc
, grp
->pins
[i
]);
508 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
*cfg
= &pmx
->configs
[idx
];
510 if (cfg
->type
!= PINMUX_TYPE_NONE
) {
516 for (i
= 0; i
< grp
->nr_pins
; ++i
) {
517 ret
= sh_pfc_config_mux(pfc
, grp
->mux
[i
], PINMUX_TYPE_FUNCTION
);
525 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(PINCONF)
526 static const struct pinconf_param sh_pfc_pinconf_params
[] = {
527 { "bias-disable", PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_DISABLE
, 0 },
528 { "bias-pull-up", PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_UP
, 1 },
529 { "bias-pull-down", PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_DOWN
, 1 },
530 { "drive-strength", PIN_CONFIG_DRIVE_STRENGTH
, 0 },
531 { "power-source", PIN_CONFIG_POWER_SOURCE
, 3300 },
534 static void __iomem
*
535 sh_pfc_pinconf_find_drive_strength_reg(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, unsigned int pin
,
536 unsigned int *offset
, unsigned int *size
)
538 const struct pinmux_drive_reg_field
*field
;
539 const struct pinmux_drive_reg
*reg
;
542 for (reg
= pfc
->info
->drive_regs
; reg
->reg
; ++reg
) {
543 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(reg
->fields
); ++i
) {
544 field
= ®
->fields
[i
];
546 if (field
->size
&& field
->pin
== pin
) {
547 *offset
= field
->offset
;
550 return (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)reg
->reg
;
558 static int sh_pfc_pinconf_set_drive_strength(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
,
559 unsigned int pin
, u16 strength
)
565 void __iomem
*unlock_reg
=
566 (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
;
569 reg
= sh_pfc_pinconf_find_drive_strength_reg(pfc
, pin
, &offset
, &size
);
573 step
= size
== 2 ? 6 : 3;
575 if (strength
< step
|| strength
> 24)
578 /* Convert the value from mA based on a full drive strength value of
579 * 24mA. We can make the full value configurable later if needed.
581 strength
= strength
/ step
- 1;
583 val
= sh_pfc_read_raw_reg(reg
, 32);
584 val
&= ~GENMASK(offset
+ size
- 1, offset
);
585 val
|= strength
<< offset
;
588 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(unlock_reg
, 32, ~val
);
590 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(reg
, 32, val
);
595 /* Check whether the requested parameter is supported for a pin. */
596 static bool sh_pfc_pinconf_validate(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, unsigned int _pin
,
599 int idx
= sh_pfc_get_pin_index(pfc
, _pin
);
600 const struct sh_pfc_pin
*pin
= &pfc
->info
->pins
[idx
];
603 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_DISABLE
:
604 return pin
->configs
&
605 (SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_PULL_UP
| SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_PULL_DOWN
);
607 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_UP
:
608 return pin
->configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_PULL_UP
;
610 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_DOWN
:
611 return pin
->configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_PULL_DOWN
;
613 case PIN_CONFIG_DRIVE_STRENGTH
:
614 return pin
->configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_DRIVE_STRENGTH
;
616 case PIN_CONFIG_POWER_SOURCE
:
617 return pin
->configs
& SH_PFC_PIN_CFG_IO_VOLTAGE
;
624 static int sh_pfc_pinconf_set(struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
, unsigned _pin
,
625 unsigned int param
, unsigned int arg
)
627 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= pmx
->pfc
;
628 void __iomem
*pocctrl
;
629 void __iomem
*unlock_reg
=
630 (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)pfc
->info
->unlock_reg
;
634 if (!sh_pfc_pinconf_validate(pfc
, _pin
, param
))
638 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_UP
:
639 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_PULL_DOWN
:
640 case PIN_CONFIG_BIAS_DISABLE
:
641 if (!pfc
->info
->ops
|| !pfc
->info
->ops
->set_bias
)
644 pfc
->info
->ops
->set_bias(pfc
, _pin
, param
);
648 case PIN_CONFIG_DRIVE_STRENGTH
:
649 ret
= sh_pfc_pinconf_set_drive_strength(pfc
, _pin
, arg
);
655 case PIN_CONFIG_POWER_SOURCE
:
656 if (!pfc
->info
->ops
|| !pfc
->info
->ops
->pin_to_pocctrl
)
659 bit
= pfc
->info
->ops
->pin_to_pocctrl(pfc
, _pin
, &addr
);
661 printf("invalid pin %#x", _pin
);
665 if (arg
!= 1800 && arg
!= 3300)
668 pocctrl
= (void __iomem
*)(uintptr_t)addr
;
670 val
= sh_pfc_read_raw_reg(pocctrl
, 32);
677 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(unlock_reg
, 32, ~val
);
679 sh_pfc_write_raw_reg(pocctrl
, 32, val
);
690 static int sh_pfc_pinconf_pin_set(struct udevice
*dev
,
691 unsigned int pin_selector
,
692 unsigned int param
, unsigned int arg
)
694 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
695 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
= &priv
->pmx
;
696 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
697 const struct sh_pfc_pin
*pin
= &pfc
->info
->pins
[pin_selector
];
699 sh_pfc_pinconf_set(pmx
, pin
->pin
, param
, arg
);
704 static int sh_pfc_pinconf_group_set(struct udevice
*dev
,
705 unsigned int group_selector
,
706 unsigned int param
, unsigned int arg
)
708 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
709 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
= &priv
->pmx
;
710 struct sh_pfc
*pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
711 const struct sh_pfc_pin_group
*grp
= &pfc
->info
->groups
[group_selector
];
714 for (i
= 0; i
< grp
->nr_pins
; i
++)
715 sh_pfc_pinconf_set(pmx
, grp
->pins
[i
], param
, arg
);
721 static struct pinctrl_ops sh_pfc_pinctrl_ops
= {
722 .get_pins_count
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_pins_count
,
723 .get_pin_name
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_pin_name
,
724 .get_groups_count
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_groups_count
,
725 .get_group_name
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_group_name
,
726 .get_functions_count
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_functions_count
,
727 .get_function_name
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_get_function_name
,
729 #if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(PINCONF)
730 .pinconf_num_params
= ARRAY_SIZE(sh_pfc_pinconf_params
),
731 .pinconf_params
= sh_pfc_pinconf_params
,
732 .pinconf_set
= sh_pfc_pinconf_pin_set
,
733 .pinconf_group_set
= sh_pfc_pinconf_group_set
,
735 .pinmux_set
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_pin_set
,
736 .pinmux_group_set
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_group_set
,
737 .set_state
= pinctrl_generic_set_state
,
740 static int sh_pfc_map_pins(struct sh_pfc
*pfc
, struct sh_pfc_pinctrl
*pmx
)
744 /* Allocate and initialize the pins and configs arrays. */
745 pmx
->configs
= kzalloc(sizeof(*pmx
->configs
) * pfc
->info
->nr_pins
,
747 if (unlikely(!pmx
->configs
))
750 for (i
= 0; i
< pfc
->info
->nr_pins
; ++i
) {
751 struct sh_pfc_pin_config
*cfg
= &pmx
->configs
[i
];
752 cfg
->type
= PINMUX_TYPE_NONE
;
759 static int sh_pfc_pinctrl_probe(struct udevice
*dev
)
761 struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
*priv
= dev_get_priv(dev
);
762 enum sh_pfc_model model
= dev_get_driver_data(dev
);
765 base
= devfdt_get_addr(dev
);
766 if (base
== FDT_ADDR_T_NONE
)
769 priv
->pfc
.regs
= devm_ioremap(dev
, base
, SZ_2K
);
773 #ifdef CONFIG_PINCTRL_PFC_R8A7795
774 if (model
== SH_PFC_R8A7795
)
775 priv
->pfc
.info
= &r8a7795_pinmux_info
;
777 #ifdef CONFIG_PINCTRL_PFC_R8A7796
778 if (model
== SH_PFC_R8A7796
)
779 priv
->pfc
.info
= &r8a7796_pinmux_info
;
782 priv
->pmx
.pfc
= &priv
->pfc
;
783 sh_pfc_init_ranges(&priv
->pfc
);
784 sh_pfc_map_pins(&priv
->pfc
, &priv
->pmx
);
789 static const struct udevice_id sh_pfc_pinctrl_ids
[] = {
790 #ifdef CONFIG_PINCTRL_PFC_R8A7795
792 .compatible
= "renesas,pfc-r8a7795",
793 .data
= SH_PFC_R8A7795
,
796 #ifdef CONFIG_PINCTRL_PFC_R8A7796
798 .compatible
= "renesas,pfc-r8a7796",
799 .data
= SH_PFC_R8A7796
,
805 U_BOOT_DRIVER(pinctrl_sh_pfc
) = {
806 .name
= "sh_pfc_pinctrl",
807 .id
= UCLASS_PINCTRL
,
808 .of_match
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_ids
,
809 .priv_auto_alloc_size
= sizeof(struct sh_pfc_pinctrl_priv
),
810 .ops
= &sh_pfc_pinctrl_ops
,
811 .probe
= sh_pfc_pinctrl_probe
,