Merge tag 'soc-fixes-6.0-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc

[people/ms/linux.git] / fs / ceph / caps.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/iversion.h>

#include "super.h"
#include "mds_client.h"
#include "cache.h"
#include <linux/ceph/decode.h>
#include <linux/ceph/messenger.h>

/*
 * Capability management
 *
 * The Ceph metadata servers control client access to inode metadata
 * and file data by issuing capabilities, granting clients permission
 * to read and/or write both inode field and file data to OSDs
 * (storage nodes).  Each capability consists of a set of bits
 * indicating which operations are allowed.
 *
 * If the client holds a *_SHARED cap, the client has a coherent value
 * that can be safely read from the cached inode.
 *
 * In the case of a *_EXCL (exclusive) or FILE_WR capabilities, the
 * client is allowed to change inode attributes (e.g., file size,
 * mtime), note its dirty state in the ceph_cap, and asynchronously
 * flush that metadata change to the MDS.
 *
 * In the event of a conflicting operation (perhaps by another
 * client), the MDS will revoke the conflicting client capabilities.
 *
 * In order for a client to cache an inode, it must hold a capability
 * with at least one MDS server.  When inodes are released, release
 * notifications are batched and periodically sent en masse to the MDS
 * cluster to release server state.
 */

static u64 __get_oldest_flush_tid(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc);
static void __kick_flushing_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                 struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                                 struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                                 u64 oldest_flush_tid);

/*
 * Generate readable cap strings for debugging output.
 */
#define MAX_CAP_STR 20
static char cap_str[MAX_CAP_STR][40];
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cap_str_lock);
static int last_cap_str;

static char *gcap_string(char *s, int c)
{
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GSHARED)
                *s++ = 's';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GEXCL)
                *s++ = 'x';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GCACHE)
                *s++ = 'c';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GRD)
                *s++ = 'r';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GWR)
                *s++ = 'w';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GBUFFER)
                *s++ = 'b';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GWREXTEND)
                *s++ = 'a';
        if (c & CEPH_CAP_GLAZYIO)
                *s++ = 'l';
        return s;
}

const char *ceph_cap_string(int caps)
{
        int i;
        char *s;
        int c;

        spin_lock(&cap_str_lock);
        i = last_cap_str++;
        if (last_cap_str == MAX_CAP_STR)
                last_cap_str = 0;
        spin_unlock(&cap_str_lock);

        s = cap_str[i];

        if (caps & CEPH_CAP_PIN)
                *s++ = 'p';

        c = (caps >> CEPH_CAP_SAUTH) & 3;
        if (c) {
                *s++ = 'A';
                s = gcap_string(s, c);
        }

        c = (caps >> CEPH_CAP_SLINK) & 3;
        if (c) {
                *s++ = 'L';
                s = gcap_string(s, c);
        }

        c = (caps >> CEPH_CAP_SXATTR) & 3;
        if (c) {
                *s++ = 'X';
                s = gcap_string(s, c);
        }

        c = caps >> CEPH_CAP_SFILE;
        if (c) {
                *s++ = 'F';
                s = gcap_string(s, c);
        }

        if (s == cap_str[i])
                *s++ = '-';
        *s = 0;
        return cap_str[i];
}

void ceph_caps_init(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
{
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->caps_list);
        spin_lock_init(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
}

void ceph_caps_finalize(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;

        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        while (!list_empty(&mdsc->caps_list)) {
                cap = list_first_entry(&mdsc->caps_list,
                                       struct ceph_cap, caps_item);
                list_del(&cap->caps_item);
                kmem_cache_free(ceph_cap_cachep, cap);
        }
        mdsc->caps_total_count = 0;
        mdsc->caps_avail_count = 0;
        mdsc->caps_use_count = 0;
        mdsc->caps_reserve_count = 0;
        mdsc->caps_min_count = 0;
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
}

void ceph_adjust_caps_max_min(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                              struct ceph_mount_options *fsopt)
{
        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        mdsc->caps_min_count = fsopt->max_readdir;
        if (mdsc->caps_min_count < 1024)
                mdsc->caps_min_count = 1024;
        mdsc->caps_use_max = fsopt->caps_max;
        if (mdsc->caps_use_max > 0 &&
            mdsc->caps_use_max < mdsc->caps_min_count)
                mdsc->caps_use_max = mdsc->caps_min_count;
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
}

static void __ceph_unreserve_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int nr_caps)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        int i;

        if (nr_caps) {
                BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_reserve_count < nr_caps);
                mdsc->caps_reserve_count -= nr_caps;
                if (mdsc->caps_avail_count >=
                    mdsc->caps_reserve_count + mdsc->caps_min_count) {
                        mdsc->caps_total_count -= nr_caps;
                        for (i = 0; i < nr_caps; i++) {
                                cap = list_first_entry(&mdsc->caps_list,
                                        struct ceph_cap, caps_item);
                                list_del(&cap->caps_item);
                                kmem_cache_free(ceph_cap_cachep, cap);
                        }
                } else {
                        mdsc->caps_avail_count += nr_caps;
                }

                dout("%s: caps %d = %d used + %d resv + %d avail\n",
                     __func__,
                     mdsc->caps_total_count, mdsc->caps_use_count,
                     mdsc->caps_reserve_count, mdsc->caps_avail_count);
                BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
                                                 mdsc->caps_reserve_count +
                                                 mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        }
}

/*
 * Called under mdsc->mutex.
 */
int ceph_reserve_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                      struct ceph_cap_reservation *ctx, int need)
{
        int i, j;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        int have;
        int alloc = 0;
        int max_caps;
        int err = 0;
        bool trimmed = false;
        struct ceph_mds_session *s;
        LIST_HEAD(newcaps);

        dout("reserve caps ctx=%p need=%d\n", ctx, need);

        /* first reserve any caps that are already allocated */
        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        if (mdsc->caps_avail_count >= need)
                have = need;
        else
                have = mdsc->caps_avail_count;
        mdsc->caps_avail_count -= have;
        mdsc->caps_reserve_count += have;
        BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
                                         mdsc->caps_reserve_count +
                                         mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

        for (i = have; i < need; ) {
                cap = kmem_cache_alloc(ceph_cap_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
                if (cap) {
                        list_add(&cap->caps_item, &newcaps);
                        alloc++;
                        i++;
                        continue;
                }

                if (!trimmed) {
                        for (j = 0; j < mdsc->max_sessions; j++) {
                                s = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, j);
                                if (!s)
                                        continue;
                                mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);

                                mutex_lock(&s->s_mutex);
                                max_caps = s->s_nr_caps - (need - i);
                                ceph_trim_caps(mdsc, s, max_caps);
                                mutex_unlock(&s->s_mutex);

                                ceph_put_mds_session(s);
                                mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
                        }
                        trimmed = true;

                        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                        if (mdsc->caps_avail_count) {
                                int more_have;
                                if (mdsc->caps_avail_count >= need - i)
                                        more_have = need - i;
                                else
                                        more_have = mdsc->caps_avail_count;

                                i += more_have;
                                have += more_have;
                                mdsc->caps_avail_count -= more_have;
                                mdsc->caps_reserve_count += more_have;

                        }
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

                        continue;
                }

                pr_warn("reserve caps ctx=%p ENOMEM need=%d got=%d\n",
                        ctx, need, have + alloc);
                err = -ENOMEM;
                break;
        }

        if (!err) {
                BUG_ON(have + alloc != need);
                ctx->count = need;
                ctx->used = 0;
        }

        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        mdsc->caps_total_count += alloc;
        mdsc->caps_reserve_count += alloc;
        list_splice(&newcaps, &mdsc->caps_list);

        BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
                                         mdsc->caps_reserve_count +
                                         mdsc->caps_avail_count);

        if (err)
                __ceph_unreserve_caps(mdsc, have + alloc);

        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

        dout("reserve caps ctx=%p %d = %d used + %d resv + %d avail\n",
             ctx, mdsc->caps_total_count, mdsc->caps_use_count,
             mdsc->caps_reserve_count, mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        return err;
}

void ceph_unreserve_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                         struct ceph_cap_reservation *ctx)
{
        bool reclaim = false;
        if (!ctx->count)
                return;

        dout("unreserve caps ctx=%p count=%d\n", ctx, ctx->count);
        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        __ceph_unreserve_caps(mdsc, ctx->count);
        ctx->count = 0;

        if (mdsc->caps_use_max > 0 &&
            mdsc->caps_use_count > mdsc->caps_use_max)
                reclaim = true;
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

        if (reclaim)
                ceph_reclaim_caps_nr(mdsc, ctx->used);
}

struct ceph_cap *ceph_get_cap(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                              struct ceph_cap_reservation *ctx)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap = NULL;

        /* temporary, until we do something about cap import/export */
        if (!ctx) {
                cap = kmem_cache_alloc(ceph_cap_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
                if (cap) {
                        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                        mdsc->caps_use_count++;
                        mdsc->caps_total_count++;
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                } else {
                        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                        if (mdsc->caps_avail_count) {
                                BUG_ON(list_empty(&mdsc->caps_list));

                                mdsc->caps_avail_count--;
                                mdsc->caps_use_count++;
                                cap = list_first_entry(&mdsc->caps_list,
                                                struct ceph_cap, caps_item);
                                list_del(&cap->caps_item);

                                BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
                                       mdsc->caps_reserve_count + mdsc->caps_avail_count);
                        }
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                }

                return cap;
        }

        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        dout("get_cap ctx=%p (%d) %d = %d used + %d resv + %d avail\n",
             ctx, ctx->count, mdsc->caps_total_count, mdsc->caps_use_count,
             mdsc->caps_reserve_count, mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        BUG_ON(!ctx->count);
        BUG_ON(ctx->count > mdsc->caps_reserve_count);
        BUG_ON(list_empty(&mdsc->caps_list));

        ctx->count--;
        ctx->used++;
        mdsc->caps_reserve_count--;
        mdsc->caps_use_count++;

        cap = list_first_entry(&mdsc->caps_list, struct ceph_cap, caps_item);
        list_del(&cap->caps_item);

        BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
               mdsc->caps_reserve_count + mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        return cap;
}

void ceph_put_cap(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct ceph_cap *cap)
{
        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
        dout("put_cap %p %d = %d used + %d resv + %d avail\n",
             cap, mdsc->caps_total_count, mdsc->caps_use_count,
             mdsc->caps_reserve_count, mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        mdsc->caps_use_count--;
        /*
         * Keep some preallocated caps around (ceph_min_count), to
         * avoid lots of free/alloc churn.
         */
        if (mdsc->caps_avail_count >= mdsc->caps_reserve_count +
                                      mdsc->caps_min_count) {
                mdsc->caps_total_count--;
                kmem_cache_free(ceph_cap_cachep, cap);
        } else {
                mdsc->caps_avail_count++;
                list_add(&cap->caps_item, &mdsc->caps_list);
        }

        BUG_ON(mdsc->caps_total_count != mdsc->caps_use_count +
               mdsc->caps_reserve_count + mdsc->caps_avail_count);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
}

void ceph_reservation_status(struct ceph_fs_client *fsc,
                             int *total, int *avail, int *used, int *reserved,
                             int *min)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = fsc->mdsc;

        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

        if (total)
                *total = mdsc->caps_total_count;
        if (avail)
                *avail = mdsc->caps_avail_count;
        if (used)
                *used = mdsc->caps_use_count;
        if (reserved)
                *reserved = mdsc->caps_reserve_count;
        if (min)
                *min = mdsc->caps_min_count;

        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
}

/*
 * Find ceph_cap for given mds, if any.
 *
 * Called with i_ceph_lock held.
 */
static struct ceph_cap *__get_cap_for_mds(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mds)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *n = ci->i_caps.rb_node;

        while (n) {
                cap = rb_entry(n, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (mds < cap->mds)
                        n = n->rb_left;
                else if (mds > cap->mds)
                        n = n->rb_right;
                else
                        return cap;
        }
        return NULL;
}

struct ceph_cap *ceph_get_cap_for_mds(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mds)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, mds);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        return cap;
}

/*
 * Called under i_ceph_lock.
 */
static void __insert_cap_node(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                              struct ceph_cap *new)
{
        struct rb_node **p = &ci->i_caps.rb_node;
        struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
        struct ceph_cap *cap = NULL;

        while (*p) {
                parent = *p;
                cap = rb_entry(parent, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (new->mds < cap->mds)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_left;
                else if (new->mds > cap->mds)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_right;
                else
                        BUG();
        }

        rb_link_node(&new->ci_node, parent, p);
        rb_insert_color(&new->ci_node, &ci->i_caps);
}

/*
 * (re)set cap hold timeouts, which control the delayed release
 * of unused caps back to the MDS.  Should be called on cap use.
 */
static void __cap_set_timeouts(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                               struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        struct ceph_mount_options *opt = mdsc->fsc->mount_options;
        ci->i_hold_caps_max = round_jiffies(jiffies +
                                            opt->caps_wanted_delay_max * HZ);
        dout("__cap_set_timeouts %p %lu\n", &ci->netfs.inode,
             ci->i_hold_caps_max - jiffies);
}

/*
 * (Re)queue cap at the end of the delayed cap release list.
 *
 * If I_FLUSH is set, leave the inode at the front of the list.
 *
 * Caller holds i_ceph_lock
 *    -> we take mdsc->cap_delay_lock
 */
static void __cap_delay_requeue(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        dout("__cap_delay_requeue %p flags 0x%lx at %lu\n", &ci->netfs.inode,
             ci->i_ceph_flags, ci->i_hold_caps_max);
        if (!mdsc->stopping) {
                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_delay_list)) {
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH)
                                goto no_change;
                        list_del_init(&ci->i_cap_delay_list);
                }
                __cap_set_timeouts(mdsc, ci);
                list_add_tail(&ci->i_cap_delay_list, &mdsc->cap_delay_list);
no_change:
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
        }
}

/*
 * Queue an inode for immediate writeback.  Mark inode with I_FLUSH,
 * indicating we should send a cap message to flush dirty metadata
 * asap, and move to the front of the delayed cap list.
 */
static void __cap_delay_requeue_front(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                      struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        dout("__cap_delay_requeue_front %p\n", &ci->netfs.inode);
        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
        ci->i_ceph_flags |= CEPH_I_FLUSH;
        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_delay_list))
                list_del_init(&ci->i_cap_delay_list);
        list_add(&ci->i_cap_delay_list, &mdsc->cap_delay_list);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
}

/*
 * Cancel delayed work on cap.
 *
 * Caller must hold i_ceph_lock.
 */
static void __cap_delay_cancel(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                               struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        dout("__cap_delay_cancel %p\n", &ci->netfs.inode);
        if (list_empty(&ci->i_cap_delay_list))
                return;
        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
        list_del_init(&ci->i_cap_delay_list);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
}

/* Common issue checks for add_cap, handle_cap_grant. */
static void __check_cap_issue(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, struct ceph_cap *cap,
                              unsigned issued)
{
        unsigned had = __ceph_caps_issued(ci, NULL);

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        /*
         * Each time we receive FILE_CACHE anew, we increment
         * i_rdcache_gen.
         */
        if (S_ISREG(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode) &&
            (issued & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE|CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO)) &&
            (had & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE|CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO)) == 0) {
                ci->i_rdcache_gen++;
        }

        /*
         * If FILE_SHARED is newly issued, mark dir not complete. We don't
         * know what happened to this directory while we didn't have the cap.
         * If FILE_SHARED is being revoked, also mark dir not complete. It
         * stops on-going cached readdir.
         */
        if ((issued & CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED) != (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED)) {
                if (issued & CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED)
                        atomic_inc(&ci->i_shared_gen);
                if (S_ISDIR(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode)) {
                        dout(" marking %p NOT complete\n", &ci->netfs.inode);
                        __ceph_dir_clear_complete(ci);
                }
        }

        /* Wipe saved layout if we're losing DIR_CREATE caps */
        if (S_ISDIR(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode) && (had & CEPH_CAP_DIR_CREATE) &&
                !(issued & CEPH_CAP_DIR_CREATE)) {
             ceph_put_string(rcu_dereference_raw(ci->i_cached_layout.pool_ns));
             memset(&ci->i_cached_layout, 0, sizeof(ci->i_cached_layout));
        }
}

/**
 * change_auth_cap_ses - move inode to appropriate lists when auth caps change
 * @ci: inode to be moved
 * @session: new auth caps session
 */
void change_auth_cap_ses(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                         struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item) && list_empty(&ci->i_flushing_item))
                return;

        spin_lock(&session->s_mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item))
                list_move(&ci->i_dirty_item, &session->s_cap_dirty);
        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_flushing_item))
                list_move_tail(&ci->i_flushing_item, &session->s_cap_flushing);
        spin_unlock(&session->s_mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
}

/*
 * Add a capability under the given MDS session.
 *
 * Caller should hold session snap_rwsem (read) and ci->i_ceph_lock
 *
 * @fmode is the open file mode, if we are opening a file, otherwise
 * it is < 0.  (This is so we can atomically add the cap and add an
 * open file reference to it.)
 */
void ceph_add_cap(struct inode *inode,
                  struct ceph_mds_session *session, u64 cap_id,
                  unsigned issued, unsigned wanted,
                  unsigned seq, unsigned mseq, u64 realmino, int flags,
                  struct ceph_cap **new_cap)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        int mds = session->s_mds;
        int actual_wanted;
        u32 gen;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("add_cap %p mds%d cap %llx %s seq %d\n", inode,
             session->s_mds, cap_id, ceph_cap_string(issued), seq);

        gen = atomic_read(&session->s_cap_gen);

        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, mds);
        if (!cap) {
                cap = *new_cap;
                *new_cap = NULL;

                cap->issued = 0;
                cap->implemented = 0;
                cap->mds = mds;
                cap->mds_wanted = 0;
                cap->mseq = 0;

                cap->ci = ci;
                __insert_cap_node(ci, cap);

                /* add to session cap list */
                cap->session = session;
                spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
                list_add_tail(&cap->session_caps, &session->s_caps);
                session->s_nr_caps++;
                atomic64_inc(&mdsc->metric.total_caps);
                spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
        } else {
                spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
                list_move_tail(&cap->session_caps, &session->s_caps);
                spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);

                if (cap->cap_gen < gen)
                        cap->issued = cap->implemented = CEPH_CAP_PIN;

                /*
                 * auth mds of the inode changed. we received the cap export
                 * message, but still haven't received the cap import message.
                 * handle_cap_export() updated the new auth MDS' cap.
                 *
                 * "ceph_seq_cmp(seq, cap->seq) <= 0" means we are processing
                 * a message that was send before the cap import message. So
                 * don't remove caps.
                 */
                if (ceph_seq_cmp(seq, cap->seq) <= 0) {
                        WARN_ON(cap != ci->i_auth_cap);
                        WARN_ON(cap->cap_id != cap_id);
                        seq = cap->seq;
                        mseq = cap->mseq;
                        issued |= cap->issued;
                        flags |= CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH;
                }
        }

        if (!ci->i_snap_realm ||
            ((flags & CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH) &&
             realmino != (u64)-1 && ci->i_snap_realm->ino != realmino)) {
                /*
                 * add this inode to the appropriate snap realm
                 */
                struct ceph_snap_realm *realm = ceph_lookup_snap_realm(mdsc,
                                                               realmino);
                if (realm)
                        ceph_change_snap_realm(inode, realm);
                else
                        WARN(1, "%s: couldn't find snap realm 0x%llx (ino 0x%llx oldrealm 0x%llx)\n",
                             __func__, realmino, ci->i_vino.ino,
                             ci->i_snap_realm ? ci->i_snap_realm->ino : 0);
        }

        __check_cap_issue(ci, cap, issued);

        /*
         * If we are issued caps we don't want, or the mds' wanted
         * value appears to be off, queue a check so we'll release
         * later and/or update the mds wanted value.
         */
        actual_wanted = __ceph_caps_wanted(ci);
        if ((wanted & ~actual_wanted) ||
            (issued & ~actual_wanted & CEPH_CAP_ANY_WR)) {
                dout(" issued %s, mds wanted %s, actual %s, queueing\n",
                     ceph_cap_string(issued), ceph_cap_string(wanted),
                     ceph_cap_string(actual_wanted));
                __cap_delay_requeue(mdsc, ci);
        }

        if (flags & CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH) {
                if (!ci->i_auth_cap ||
                    ceph_seq_cmp(ci->i_auth_cap->mseq, mseq) < 0) {
                        if (ci->i_auth_cap &&
                            ci->i_auth_cap->session != cap->session)
                                change_auth_cap_ses(ci, cap->session);
                        ci->i_auth_cap = cap;
                        cap->mds_wanted = wanted;
                }
        } else {
                WARN_ON(ci->i_auth_cap == cap);
        }

        dout("add_cap inode %p (%llx.%llx) cap %p %s now %s seq %d mds%d\n",
             inode, ceph_vinop(inode), cap, ceph_cap_string(issued),
             ceph_cap_string(issued|cap->issued), seq, mds);
        cap->cap_id = cap_id;
        cap->issued = issued;
        cap->implemented |= issued;
        if (ceph_seq_cmp(mseq, cap->mseq) > 0)
                cap->mds_wanted = wanted;
        else
                cap->mds_wanted |= wanted;
        cap->seq = seq;
        cap->issue_seq = seq;
        cap->mseq = mseq;
        cap->cap_gen = gen;
}

/*
 * Return true if cap has not timed out and belongs to the current
 * generation of the MDS session (i.e. has not gone 'stale' due to
 * us losing touch with the mds).
 */
static int __cap_is_valid(struct ceph_cap *cap)
{
        unsigned long ttl;
        u32 gen;

        gen = atomic_read(&cap->session->s_cap_gen);
        ttl = cap->session->s_cap_ttl;

        if (cap->cap_gen < gen || time_after_eq(jiffies, ttl)) {
                dout("__cap_is_valid %p cap %p issued %s "
                     "but STALE (gen %u vs %u)\n", &cap->ci->netfs.inode,
                     cap, ceph_cap_string(cap->issued), cap->cap_gen, gen);
                return 0;
        }

        return 1;
}

/*
 * Return set of valid cap bits issued to us.  Note that caps time
 * out, and may be invalidated in bulk if the client session times out
 * and session->s_cap_gen is bumped.
 */
int __ceph_caps_issued(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int *implemented)
{
        int have = ci->i_snap_caps;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *p;

        if (implemented)
                *implemented = 0;
        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (!__cap_is_valid(cap))
                        continue;
                dout("__ceph_caps_issued %p cap %p issued %s\n",
                     &ci->netfs.inode, cap, ceph_cap_string(cap->issued));
                have |= cap->issued;
                if (implemented)
                        *implemented |= cap->implemented;
        }
        /*
         * exclude caps issued by non-auth MDS, but are been revoking
         * by the auth MDS. The non-auth MDS should be revoking/exporting
         * these caps, but the message is delayed.
         */
        if (ci->i_auth_cap) {
                cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                have &= ~cap->implemented | cap->issued;
        }
        return have;
}

/*
 * Get cap bits issued by caps other than @ocap
 */
int __ceph_caps_issued_other(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, struct ceph_cap *ocap)
{
        int have = ci->i_snap_caps;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *p;

        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (cap == ocap)
                        continue;
                if (!__cap_is_valid(cap))
                        continue;
                have |= cap->issued;
        }
        return have;
}

/*
 * Move a cap to the end of the LRU (oldest caps at list head, newest
 * at list tail).
 */
static void __touch_cap(struct ceph_cap *cap)
{
        struct ceph_mds_session *s = cap->session;

        spin_lock(&s->s_cap_lock);
        if (!s->s_cap_iterator) {
                dout("__touch_cap %p cap %p mds%d\n", &cap->ci->netfs.inode, cap,
                     s->s_mds);
                list_move_tail(&cap->session_caps, &s->s_caps);
        } else {
                dout("__touch_cap %p cap %p mds%d NOP, iterating over caps\n",
                     &cap->ci->netfs.inode, cap, s->s_mds);
        }
        spin_unlock(&s->s_cap_lock);
}

/*
 * Check if we hold the given mask.  If so, move the cap(s) to the
 * front of their respective LRUs.  (This is the preferred way for
 * callers to check for caps they want.)
 */
int __ceph_caps_issued_mask(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mask, int touch)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *p;
        int have = ci->i_snap_caps;

        if ((have & mask) == mask) {
                dout("__ceph_caps_issued_mask ino 0x%llx snap issued %s"
                     " (mask %s)\n", ceph_ino(&ci->netfs.inode),
                     ceph_cap_string(have),
                     ceph_cap_string(mask));
                return 1;
        }

        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (!__cap_is_valid(cap))
                        continue;
                if ((cap->issued & mask) == mask) {
                        dout("__ceph_caps_issued_mask ino 0x%llx cap %p issued %s"
                             " (mask %s)\n", ceph_ino(&ci->netfs.inode), cap,
                             ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                             ceph_cap_string(mask));
                        if (touch)
                                __touch_cap(cap);
                        return 1;
                }

                /* does a combination of caps satisfy mask? */
                have |= cap->issued;
                if ((have & mask) == mask) {
                        dout("__ceph_caps_issued_mask ino 0x%llx combo issued %s"
                             " (mask %s)\n", ceph_ino(&ci->netfs.inode),
                             ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                             ceph_cap_string(mask));
                        if (touch) {
                                struct rb_node *q;

                                /* touch this + preceding caps */
                                __touch_cap(cap);
                                for (q = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); q != p;
                                     q = rb_next(q)) {
                                        cap = rb_entry(q, struct ceph_cap,
                                                       ci_node);
                                        if (!__cap_is_valid(cap))
                                                continue;
                                        if (cap->issued & mask)
                                                __touch_cap(cap);
                                }
                        }
                        return 1;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

int __ceph_caps_issued_mask_metric(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mask,
                                   int touch)
{
        struct ceph_fs_client *fsc = ceph_sb_to_client(ci->netfs.inode.i_sb);
        int r;

        r = __ceph_caps_issued_mask(ci, mask, touch);
        if (r)
                ceph_update_cap_hit(&fsc->mdsc->metric);
        else
                ceph_update_cap_mis(&fsc->mdsc->metric);
        return r;
}

/*
 * Return true if mask caps are currently being revoked by an MDS.
 */
int __ceph_caps_revoking_other(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                               struct ceph_cap *ocap, int mask)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *p;

        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (cap != ocap &&
                    (cap->implemented & ~cap->issued & mask))
                        return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

int ceph_caps_revoking(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mask)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        int ret;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        ret = __ceph_caps_revoking_other(ci, NULL, mask);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        dout("ceph_caps_revoking %p %s = %d\n", inode,
             ceph_cap_string(mask), ret);
        return ret;
}

int __ceph_caps_used(struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        int used = 0;
        if (ci->i_pin_ref)
                used |= CEPH_CAP_PIN;
        if (ci->i_rd_ref)
                used |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD;
        if (ci->i_rdcache_ref ||
            (S_ISREG(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode) &&
             ci->netfs.inode.i_data.nrpages))
                used |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE;
        if (ci->i_wr_ref)
                used |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR;
        if (ci->i_wb_ref || ci->i_wrbuffer_ref)
                used |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER;
        if (ci->i_fx_ref)
                used |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL;
        return used;
}

#define FMODE_WAIT_BIAS 1000

/*
 * wanted, by virtue of open file modes
 */
int __ceph_caps_file_wanted(struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        const int PIN_SHIFT = ffs(CEPH_FILE_MODE_PIN);
        const int RD_SHIFT = ffs(CEPH_FILE_MODE_RD);
        const int WR_SHIFT = ffs(CEPH_FILE_MODE_WR);
        const int LAZY_SHIFT = ffs(CEPH_FILE_MODE_LAZY);
        struct ceph_mount_options *opt =
                ceph_inode_to_client(&ci->netfs.inode)->mount_options;
        unsigned long used_cutoff = jiffies - opt->caps_wanted_delay_max * HZ;
        unsigned long idle_cutoff = jiffies - opt->caps_wanted_delay_min * HZ;

        if (S_ISDIR(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode)) {
                int want = 0;

                /* use used_cutoff here, to keep dir's wanted caps longer */
                if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[RD_SHIFT] > 0 ||
                    time_after(ci->i_last_rd, used_cutoff))
                        want |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_SHARED;

                if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[WR_SHIFT] > 0 ||
                    time_after(ci->i_last_wr, used_cutoff)) {
                        want |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_SHARED | CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL;
                        if (opt->flags & CEPH_MOUNT_OPT_ASYNC_DIROPS)
                                want |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_DIR_OPS;
                }

                if (want || ci->i_nr_by_mode[PIN_SHIFT] > 0)
                        want |= CEPH_CAP_PIN;

                return want;
        } else {
                int bits = 0;

                if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[RD_SHIFT] > 0) {
                        if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[RD_SHIFT] >= FMODE_WAIT_BIAS ||
                            time_after(ci->i_last_rd, used_cutoff))
                                bits |= 1 << RD_SHIFT;
                } else if (time_after(ci->i_last_rd, idle_cutoff)) {
                        bits |= 1 << RD_SHIFT;
                }

                if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[WR_SHIFT] > 0) {
                        if (ci->i_nr_by_mode[WR_SHIFT] >= FMODE_WAIT_BIAS ||
                            time_after(ci->i_last_wr, used_cutoff))
                                bits |= 1 << WR_SHIFT;
                } else if (time_after(ci->i_last_wr, idle_cutoff)) {
                        bits |= 1 << WR_SHIFT;
                }

                /* check lazyio only when read/write is wanted */
                if ((bits & (CEPH_FILE_MODE_RDWR << 1)) &&
                    ci->i_nr_by_mode[LAZY_SHIFT] > 0)
                        bits |= 1 << LAZY_SHIFT;

                return bits ? ceph_caps_for_mode(bits >> 1) : 0;
        }
}

/*
 * wanted, by virtue of open file modes AND cap refs (buffered/cached data)
 */
int __ceph_caps_wanted(struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        int w = __ceph_caps_file_wanted(ci) | __ceph_caps_used(ci);
        if (S_ISDIR(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode)) {
                /* we want EXCL if holding caps of dir ops */
                if (w & CEPH_CAP_ANY_DIR_OPS)
                        w |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL;
        } else {
                /* we want EXCL if dirty data */
                if (w & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER)
                        w |= CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL;
        }
        return w;
}

/*
 * Return caps we have registered with the MDS(s) as 'wanted'.
 */
int __ceph_caps_mds_wanted(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, bool check)
{
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct rb_node *p;
        int mds_wanted = 0;

        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                if (check && !__cap_is_valid(cap))
                        continue;
                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap)
                        mds_wanted |= cap->mds_wanted;
                else
                        mds_wanted |= (cap->mds_wanted & ~CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR);
        }
        return mds_wanted;
}

int ceph_is_any_caps(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int ret;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        ret = __ceph_is_any_real_caps(ci);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Remove a cap.  Take steps to deal with a racing iterate_session_caps.
 *
 * caller should hold i_ceph_lock.
 * caller will not hold session s_mutex if called from destroy_inode.
 */
void __ceph_remove_cap(struct ceph_cap *cap, bool queue_release)
{
        struct ceph_mds_session *session = cap->session;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = cap->ci;
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc;
        int removed = 0;

        /* 'ci' being NULL means the remove have already occurred */
        if (!ci) {
                dout("%s: cap inode is NULL\n", __func__);
                return;
        }

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("__ceph_remove_cap %p from %p\n", cap, &ci->netfs.inode);

        mdsc = ceph_inode_to_client(&ci->netfs.inode)->mdsc;

        /* remove from inode's cap rbtree, and clear auth cap */
        rb_erase(&cap->ci_node, &ci->i_caps);
        if (ci->i_auth_cap == cap)
                ci->i_auth_cap = NULL;

        /* remove from session list */
        spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
        if (session->s_cap_iterator == cap) {
                /* not yet, we are iterating over this very cap */
                dout("__ceph_remove_cap  delaying %p removal from session %p\n",
                     cap, cap->session);
        } else {
                list_del_init(&cap->session_caps);
                session->s_nr_caps--;
                atomic64_dec(&mdsc->metric.total_caps);
                cap->session = NULL;
                removed = 1;
        }
        /* protect backpointer with s_cap_lock: see iterate_session_caps */
        cap->ci = NULL;

        /*
         * s_cap_reconnect is protected by s_cap_lock. no one changes
         * s_cap_gen while session is in the reconnect state.
         */
        if (queue_release &&
            (!session->s_cap_reconnect ||
             cap->cap_gen == atomic_read(&session->s_cap_gen))) {
                cap->queue_release = 1;
                if (removed) {
                        __ceph_queue_cap_release(session, cap);
                        removed = 0;
                }
        } else {
                cap->queue_release = 0;
        }
        cap->cap_ino = ci->i_vino.ino;

        spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);

        if (removed)
                ceph_put_cap(mdsc, cap);

        if (!__ceph_is_any_real_caps(ci)) {
                /* when reconnect denied, we remove session caps forcibly,
                 * i_wr_ref can be non-zero. If there are ongoing write,
                 * keep i_snap_realm.
                 */
                if (ci->i_wr_ref == 0 && ci->i_snap_realm)
                        ceph_change_snap_realm(&ci->netfs.inode, NULL);

                __cap_delay_cancel(mdsc, ci);
        }
}

void ceph_remove_cap(struct ceph_cap *cap, bool queue_release)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = cap->ci;
        struct ceph_fs_client *fsc;

        /* 'ci' being NULL means the remove have already occurred */
        if (!ci) {
                dout("%s: cap inode is NULL\n", __func__);
                return;
        }

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        fsc = ceph_inode_to_client(&ci->netfs.inode);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->i_auth_cap == cap &&
                     !list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item) &&
                     !fsc->blocklisted &&
                     !ceph_inode_is_shutdown(&ci->netfs.inode));

        __ceph_remove_cap(cap, queue_release);
}

struct cap_msg_args {
        struct ceph_mds_session *session;
        u64                     ino, cid, follows;
        u64                     flush_tid, oldest_flush_tid, size, max_size;
        u64                     xattr_version;
        u64                     change_attr;
        struct ceph_buffer      *xattr_buf;
        struct ceph_buffer      *old_xattr_buf;
        struct timespec64       atime, mtime, ctime, btime;
        int                     op, caps, wanted, dirty;
        u32                     seq, issue_seq, mseq, time_warp_seq;
        u32                     flags;
        kuid_t                  uid;
        kgid_t                  gid;
        umode_t                 mode;
        bool                    inline_data;
        bool                    wake;
};

/*
 * cap struct size + flock buffer size + inline version + inline data size +
 * osd_epoch_barrier + oldest_flush_tid
 */
#define CAP_MSG_SIZE (sizeof(struct ceph_mds_caps) + \
                      4 + 8 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 8 + 4)

/* Marshal up the cap msg to the MDS */
static void encode_cap_msg(struct ceph_msg *msg, struct cap_msg_args *arg)
{
        struct ceph_mds_caps *fc;
        void *p;
        struct ceph_osd_client *osdc = &arg->session->s_mdsc->fsc->client->osdc;

        dout("%s %s %llx %llx caps %s wanted %s dirty %s seq %u/%u tid %llu/%llu mseq %u follows %lld size %llu/%llu xattr_ver %llu xattr_len %d\n",
             __func__, ceph_cap_op_name(arg->op), arg->cid, arg->ino,
             ceph_cap_string(arg->caps), ceph_cap_string(arg->wanted),
             ceph_cap_string(arg->dirty), arg->seq, arg->issue_seq,
             arg->flush_tid, arg->oldest_flush_tid, arg->mseq, arg->follows,
             arg->size, arg->max_size, arg->xattr_version,
             arg->xattr_buf ? (int)arg->xattr_buf->vec.iov_len : 0);

        msg->hdr.version = cpu_to_le16(10);
        msg->hdr.tid = cpu_to_le64(arg->flush_tid);

        fc = msg->front.iov_base;
        memset(fc, 0, sizeof(*fc));

        fc->cap_id = cpu_to_le64(arg->cid);
        fc->op = cpu_to_le32(arg->op);
        fc->seq = cpu_to_le32(arg->seq);
        fc->issue_seq = cpu_to_le32(arg->issue_seq);
        fc->migrate_seq = cpu_to_le32(arg->mseq);
        fc->caps = cpu_to_le32(arg->caps);
        fc->wanted = cpu_to_le32(arg->wanted);
        fc->dirty = cpu_to_le32(arg->dirty);
        fc->ino = cpu_to_le64(arg->ino);
        fc->snap_follows = cpu_to_le64(arg->follows);

        fc->size = cpu_to_le64(arg->size);
        fc->max_size = cpu_to_le64(arg->max_size);
        ceph_encode_timespec64(&fc->mtime, &arg->mtime);
        ceph_encode_timespec64(&fc->atime, &arg->atime);
        ceph_encode_timespec64(&fc->ctime, &arg->ctime);
        fc->time_warp_seq = cpu_to_le32(arg->time_warp_seq);

        fc->uid = cpu_to_le32(from_kuid(&init_user_ns, arg->uid));
        fc->gid = cpu_to_le32(from_kgid(&init_user_ns, arg->gid));
        fc->mode = cpu_to_le32(arg->mode);

        fc->xattr_version = cpu_to_le64(arg->xattr_version);
        if (arg->xattr_buf) {
                msg->middle = ceph_buffer_get(arg->xattr_buf);
                fc->xattr_len = cpu_to_le32(arg->xattr_buf->vec.iov_len);
                msg->hdr.middle_len = cpu_to_le32(arg->xattr_buf->vec.iov_len);
        }

        p = fc + 1;
        /* flock buffer size (version 2) */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);
        /* inline version (version 4) */
        ceph_encode_64(&p, arg->inline_data ? 0 : CEPH_INLINE_NONE);
        /* inline data size */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);
        /*
         * osd_epoch_barrier (version 5)
         * The epoch_barrier is protected osdc->lock, so READ_ONCE here in
         * case it was recently changed
         */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, READ_ONCE(osdc->epoch_barrier));
        /* oldest_flush_tid (version 6) */
        ceph_encode_64(&p, arg->oldest_flush_tid);

        /*
         * caller_uid/caller_gid (version 7)
         *
         * Currently, we don't properly track which caller dirtied the caps
         * last, and force a flush of them when there is a conflict. For now,
         * just set this to 0:0, to emulate how the MDS has worked up to now.
         */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);
        ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);

        /* pool namespace (version 8) (mds always ignores this) */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);

        /* btime and change_attr (version 9) */
        ceph_encode_timespec64(p, &arg->btime);
        p += sizeof(struct ceph_timespec);
        ceph_encode_64(&p, arg->change_attr);

        /* Advisory flags (version 10) */
        ceph_encode_32(&p, arg->flags);
}

/*
 * Queue cap releases when an inode is dropped from our cache.
 */
void __ceph_remove_caps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        struct rb_node *p;

        /* lock i_ceph_lock, because ceph_d_revalidate(..., LOOKUP_RCU)
         * may call __ceph_caps_issued_mask() on a freeing inode. */
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps);
        while (p) {
                struct ceph_cap *cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
                p = rb_next(p);
                ceph_remove_cap(cap, true);
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
}

/*
 * Prepare to send a cap message to an MDS. Update the cap state, and populate
 * the arg struct with the parameters that will need to be sent. This should
 * be done under the i_ceph_lock to guard against changes to cap state.
 *
 * Make note of max_size reported/requested from mds, revoked caps
 * that have now been implemented.
 */
static void __prep_cap(struct cap_msg_args *arg, struct ceph_cap *cap,
                       int op, int flags, int used, int want, int retain,
                       int flushing, u64 flush_tid, u64 oldest_flush_tid)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = cap->ci;
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        int held, revoking;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        held = cap->issued | cap->implemented;
        revoking = cap->implemented & ~cap->issued;
        retain &= ~revoking;

        dout("%s %p cap %p session %p %s -> %s (revoking %s)\n",
             __func__, inode, cap, cap->session,
             ceph_cap_string(held), ceph_cap_string(held & retain),
             ceph_cap_string(revoking));
        BUG_ON((retain & CEPH_CAP_PIN) == 0);

        ci->i_ceph_flags &= ~CEPH_I_FLUSH;

        cap->issued &= retain;  /* drop bits we don't want */
        /*
         * Wake up any waiters on wanted -> needed transition. This is due to
         * the weird transition from buffered to sync IO... we need to flush
         * dirty pages _before_ allowing sync writes to avoid reordering.
         */
        arg->wake = cap->implemented & ~cap->issued;
        cap->implemented &= cap->issued | used;
        cap->mds_wanted = want;

        arg->session = cap->session;
        arg->ino = ceph_vino(inode).ino;
        arg->cid = cap->cap_id;
        arg->follows = flushing ? ci->i_head_snapc->seq : 0;
        arg->flush_tid = flush_tid;
        arg->oldest_flush_tid = oldest_flush_tid;

        arg->size = i_size_read(inode);
        ci->i_reported_size = arg->size;
        arg->max_size = ci->i_wanted_max_size;
        if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap) {
                if (want & CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR)
                        ci->i_requested_max_size = arg->max_size;
                else
                        ci->i_requested_max_size = 0;
        }

        if (flushing & CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL) {
                arg->old_xattr_buf = __ceph_build_xattrs_blob(ci);
                arg->xattr_version = ci->i_xattrs.version;
                arg->xattr_buf = ci->i_xattrs.blob;
        } else {
                arg->xattr_buf = NULL;
                arg->old_xattr_buf = NULL;
        }

        arg->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
        arg->atime = inode->i_atime;
        arg->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
        arg->btime = ci->i_btime;
        arg->change_attr = inode_peek_iversion_raw(inode);

        arg->op = op;
        arg->caps = cap->implemented;
        arg->wanted = want;
        arg->dirty = flushing;

        arg->seq = cap->seq;
        arg->issue_seq = cap->issue_seq;
        arg->mseq = cap->mseq;
        arg->time_warp_seq = ci->i_time_warp_seq;

        arg->uid = inode->i_uid;
        arg->gid = inode->i_gid;
        arg->mode = inode->i_mode;

        arg->inline_data = ci->i_inline_version != CEPH_INLINE_NONE;
        if (!(flags & CEPH_CLIENT_CAPS_PENDING_CAPSNAP) &&
            !list_empty(&ci->i_cap_snaps)) {
                struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap;
                list_for_each_entry_reverse(capsnap, &ci->i_cap_snaps, ci_item) {
                        if (capsnap->cap_flush.tid)
                                break;
                        if (capsnap->need_flush) {
                                flags |= CEPH_CLIENT_CAPS_PENDING_CAPSNAP;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }
        arg->flags = flags;
}

/*
 * Send a cap msg on the given inode.
 *
 * Caller should hold snap_rwsem (read), s_mutex.
 */
static void __send_cap(struct cap_msg_args *arg, struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        struct ceph_msg *msg;
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;

        msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_CAPS, CAP_MSG_SIZE, GFP_NOFS, false);
        if (!msg) {
                pr_err("error allocating cap msg: ino (%llx.%llx) flushing %s tid %llu, requeuing cap.\n",
                       ceph_vinop(inode), ceph_cap_string(arg->dirty),
                       arg->flush_tid);
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                __cap_delay_requeue(arg->session->s_mdsc, ci);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                return;
        }

        encode_cap_msg(msg, arg);
        ceph_con_send(&arg->session->s_con, msg);
        ceph_buffer_put(arg->old_xattr_buf);
        if (arg->wake)
                wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
}

static inline int __send_flush_snap(struct inode *inode,
                                    struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                                    struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap,
                                    u32 mseq, u64 oldest_flush_tid)
{
        struct cap_msg_args     arg;
        struct ceph_msg         *msg;

        msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_CAPS, CAP_MSG_SIZE, GFP_NOFS, false);
        if (!msg)
                return -ENOMEM;

        arg.session = session;
        arg.ino = ceph_vino(inode).ino;
        arg.cid = 0;
        arg.follows = capsnap->follows;
        arg.flush_tid = capsnap->cap_flush.tid;
        arg.oldest_flush_tid = oldest_flush_tid;

        arg.size = capsnap->size;
        arg.max_size = 0;
        arg.xattr_version = capsnap->xattr_version;
        arg.xattr_buf = capsnap->xattr_blob;
        arg.old_xattr_buf = NULL;

        arg.atime = capsnap->atime;
        arg.mtime = capsnap->mtime;
        arg.ctime = capsnap->ctime;
        arg.btime = capsnap->btime;
        arg.change_attr = capsnap->change_attr;

        arg.op = CEPH_CAP_OP_FLUSHSNAP;
        arg.caps = capsnap->issued;
        arg.wanted = 0;
        arg.dirty = capsnap->dirty;

        arg.seq = 0;
        arg.issue_seq = 0;
        arg.mseq = mseq;
        arg.time_warp_seq = capsnap->time_warp_seq;

        arg.uid = capsnap->uid;
        arg.gid = capsnap->gid;
        arg.mode = capsnap->mode;

        arg.inline_data = capsnap->inline_data;
        arg.flags = 0;
        arg.wake = false;

        encode_cap_msg(msg, &arg);
        ceph_con_send(&arg.session->s_con, msg);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * When a snapshot is taken, clients accumulate dirty metadata on
 * inodes with capabilities in ceph_cap_snaps to describe the file
 * state at the time the snapshot was taken.  This must be flushed
 * asynchronously back to the MDS once sync writes complete and dirty
 * data is written out.
 *
 * Called under i_ceph_lock.
 */
static void __ceph_flush_snaps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                               struct ceph_mds_session *session)
                __releases(ci->i_ceph_lock)
                __acquires(ci->i_ceph_lock)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = session->s_mdsc;
        struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap;
        u64 oldest_flush_tid = 0;
        u64 first_tid = 1, last_tid = 0;

        dout("__flush_snaps %p session %p\n", inode, session);

        list_for_each_entry(capsnap, &ci->i_cap_snaps, ci_item) {
                /*
                 * we need to wait for sync writes to complete and for dirty
                 * pages to be written out.
                 */
                if (capsnap->dirty_pages || capsnap->writing)
                        break;

                /* should be removed by ceph_try_drop_cap_snap() */
                BUG_ON(!capsnap->need_flush);

                /* only flush each capsnap once */
                if (capsnap->cap_flush.tid > 0) {
                        dout(" already flushed %p, skipping\n", capsnap);
                        continue;
                }

                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                capsnap->cap_flush.tid = ++mdsc->last_cap_flush_tid;
                list_add_tail(&capsnap->cap_flush.g_list,
                              &mdsc->cap_flush_list);
                if (oldest_flush_tid == 0)
                        oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);
                if (list_empty(&ci->i_flushing_item)) {
                        list_add_tail(&ci->i_flushing_item,
                                      &session->s_cap_flushing);
                }
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

                list_add_tail(&capsnap->cap_flush.i_list,
                              &ci->i_cap_flush_list);

                if (first_tid == 1)
                        first_tid = capsnap->cap_flush.tid;
                last_tid = capsnap->cap_flush.tid;
        }

        ci->i_ceph_flags &= ~CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS;

        while (first_tid <= last_tid) {
                struct ceph_cap *cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                struct ceph_cap_flush *cf = NULL, *iter;
                int ret;

                if (!(cap && cap->session == session)) {
                        dout("__flush_snaps %p auth cap %p not mds%d, "
                             "stop\n", inode, cap, session->s_mds);
                        break;
                }

                ret = -ENOENT;
                list_for_each_entry(iter, &ci->i_cap_flush_list, i_list) {
                        if (iter->tid >= first_tid) {
                                cf = iter;
                                ret = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (ret < 0)
                        break;

                first_tid = cf->tid + 1;

                capsnap = container_of(cf, struct ceph_cap_snap, cap_flush);
                refcount_inc(&capsnap->nref);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

                dout("__flush_snaps %p capsnap %p tid %llu %s\n",
                     inode, capsnap, cf->tid, ceph_cap_string(capsnap->dirty));

                ret = __send_flush_snap(inode, session, capsnap, cap->mseq,
                                        oldest_flush_tid);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        pr_err("__flush_snaps: error sending cap flushsnap, "
                               "ino (%llx.%llx) tid %llu follows %llu\n",
                                ceph_vinop(inode), cf->tid, capsnap->follows);
                }

                ceph_put_cap_snap(capsnap);
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
}

void ceph_flush_snaps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                      struct ceph_mds_session **psession)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_mds_session *session = NULL;
        int mds;

        dout("ceph_flush_snaps %p\n", inode);
        if (psession)
                session = *psession;
retry:
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (!(ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS)) {
                dout(" no capsnap needs flush, doing nothing\n");
                goto out;
        }
        if (!ci->i_auth_cap) {
                dout(" no auth cap (migrating?), doing nothing\n");
                goto out;
        }

        mds = ci->i_auth_cap->session->s_mds;
        if (session && session->s_mds != mds) {
                dout(" oops, wrong session %p mutex\n", session);
                ceph_put_mds_session(session);
                session = NULL;
        }
        if (!session) {
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
                session = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, mds);
                mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
                goto retry;
        }

        // make sure flushsnap messages are sent in proper order.
        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH)
                __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci, 0);

        __ceph_flush_snaps(ci, session);
out:
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (psession)
                *psession = session;
        else
                ceph_put_mds_session(session);
        /* we flushed them all; remove this inode from the queue */
        spin_lock(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
        list_del_init(&ci->i_snap_flush_item);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
}

/*
 * Mark caps dirty.  If inode is newly dirty, return the dirty flags.
 * Caller is then responsible for calling __mark_inode_dirty with the
 * returned flags value.
 */
int __ceph_mark_dirty_caps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int mask,
                           struct ceph_cap_flush **pcf)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc =
                ceph_sb_to_client(ci->netfs.inode.i_sb)->mdsc;
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        int was = ci->i_dirty_caps;
        int dirty = 0;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (!ci->i_auth_cap) {
                pr_warn("__mark_dirty_caps %p %llx mask %s, "
                        "but no auth cap (session was closed?)\n",
                        inode, ceph_ino(inode), ceph_cap_string(mask));
                return 0;
        }

        dout("__mark_dirty_caps %p %s dirty %s -> %s\n", &ci->netfs.inode,
             ceph_cap_string(mask), ceph_cap_string(was),
             ceph_cap_string(was | mask));
        ci->i_dirty_caps |= mask;
        if (was == 0) {
                struct ceph_mds_session *session = ci->i_auth_cap->session;

                WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush);
                swap(ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush, *pcf);

                if (!ci->i_head_snapc) {
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(!rwsem_is_locked(&mdsc->snap_rwsem));
                        ci->i_head_snapc = ceph_get_snap_context(
                                ci->i_snap_realm->cached_context);
                }
                dout(" inode %p now dirty snapc %p auth cap %p\n",
                     &ci->netfs.inode, ci->i_head_snapc, ci->i_auth_cap);
                BUG_ON(!list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item));
                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                list_add(&ci->i_dirty_item, &session->s_cap_dirty);
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                if (ci->i_flushing_caps == 0) {
                        ihold(inode);
                        dirty |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
                }
        } else {
                WARN_ON_ONCE(!ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush);
        }
        BUG_ON(list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item));
        if (((was | ci->i_flushing_caps) & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER) &&
            (mask & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER))
                dirty |= I_DIRTY_DATASYNC;
        __cap_delay_requeue(mdsc, ci);
        return dirty;
}

struct ceph_cap_flush *ceph_alloc_cap_flush(void)
{
        struct ceph_cap_flush *cf;

        cf = kmem_cache_alloc(ceph_cap_flush_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!cf)
                return NULL;

        cf->is_capsnap = false;
        return cf;
}

void ceph_free_cap_flush(struct ceph_cap_flush *cf)
{
        if (cf)
                kmem_cache_free(ceph_cap_flush_cachep, cf);
}

static u64 __get_oldest_flush_tid(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
{
        if (!list_empty(&mdsc->cap_flush_list)) {
                struct ceph_cap_flush *cf =
                        list_first_entry(&mdsc->cap_flush_list,
                                         struct ceph_cap_flush, g_list);
                return cf->tid;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Remove cap_flush from the mdsc's or inode's flushing cap list.
 * Return true if caller needs to wake up flush waiters.
 */
static bool __detach_cap_flush_from_mdsc(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                         struct ceph_cap_flush *cf)
{
        struct ceph_cap_flush *prev;
        bool wake = cf->wake;

        if (wake && cf->g_list.prev != &mdsc->cap_flush_list) {
                prev = list_prev_entry(cf, g_list);
                prev->wake = true;
                wake = false;
        }
        list_del_init(&cf->g_list);
        return wake;
}

static bool __detach_cap_flush_from_ci(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                                       struct ceph_cap_flush *cf)
{
        struct ceph_cap_flush *prev;
        bool wake = cf->wake;

        if (wake && cf->i_list.prev != &ci->i_cap_flush_list) {
                prev = list_prev_entry(cf, i_list);
                prev->wake = true;
                wake = false;
        }
        list_del_init(&cf->i_list);
        return wake;
}

/*
 * Add dirty inode to the flushing list.  Assigned a seq number so we
 * can wait for caps to flush without starving.
 *
 * Called under i_ceph_lock. Returns the flush tid.
 */
static u64 __mark_caps_flushing(struct inode *inode,
                                struct ceph_mds_session *session, bool wake,
                                u64 *oldest_flush_tid)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_cap_flush *cf = NULL;
        int flushing;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        BUG_ON(ci->i_dirty_caps == 0);
        BUG_ON(list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item));
        BUG_ON(!ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush);

        flushing = ci->i_dirty_caps;
        dout("__mark_caps_flushing flushing %s, flushing_caps %s -> %s\n",
             ceph_cap_string(flushing),
             ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps),
             ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps | flushing));
        ci->i_flushing_caps |= flushing;
        ci->i_dirty_caps = 0;
        dout(" inode %p now !dirty\n", inode);

        swap(cf, ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush);
        cf->caps = flushing;
        cf->wake = wake;

        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        list_del_init(&ci->i_dirty_item);

        cf->tid = ++mdsc->last_cap_flush_tid;
        list_add_tail(&cf->g_list, &mdsc->cap_flush_list);
        *oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);

        if (list_empty(&ci->i_flushing_item)) {
                list_add_tail(&ci->i_flushing_item, &session->s_cap_flushing);
                mdsc->num_cap_flushing++;
        }
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

        list_add_tail(&cf->i_list, &ci->i_cap_flush_list);

        return cf->tid;
}

/*
 * try to invalidate mapping pages without blocking.
 */
static int try_nonblocking_invalidate(struct inode *inode)
        __releases(ci->i_ceph_lock)
        __acquires(ci->i_ceph_lock)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        u32 invalidating_gen = ci->i_rdcache_gen;

        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        ceph_fscache_invalidate(inode, false);
        invalidate_mapping_pages(&inode->i_data, 0, -1);
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (inode->i_data.nrpages == 0 &&
            invalidating_gen == ci->i_rdcache_gen) {
                /* success. */
                dout("try_nonblocking_invalidate %p success\n", inode);
                /* save any racing async invalidate some trouble */
                ci->i_rdcache_revoking = ci->i_rdcache_gen - 1;
                return 0;
        }
        dout("try_nonblocking_invalidate %p failed\n", inode);
        return -1;
}

bool __ceph_should_report_size(struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        loff_t size = i_size_read(&ci->netfs.inode);
        /* mds will adjust max size according to the reported size */
        if (ci->i_flushing_caps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR)
                return false;
        if (size >= ci->i_max_size)
                return true;
        /* half of previous max_size increment has been used */
        if (ci->i_max_size > ci->i_reported_size &&
            (size << 1) >= ci->i_max_size + ci->i_reported_size)
                return true;
        return false;
}

/*
 * Swiss army knife function to examine currently used and wanted
 * versus held caps.  Release, flush, ack revoked caps to mds as
 * appropriate.
 *
 *  CHECK_CAPS_AUTHONLY - we should only check the auth cap
 *  CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH - we should flush any dirty caps immediately, without
 *    further delay.
 */
void ceph_check_caps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int flags,
                     struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_mdsc(inode->i_sb);
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        u64 flush_tid, oldest_flush_tid;
        int file_wanted, used, cap_used;
        int issued, implemented, want, retain, revoking, flushing = 0;
        int mds = -1;   /* keep track of how far we've gone through i_caps list
                           to avoid an infinite loop on retry */
        struct rb_node *p;
        bool queue_invalidate = false;
        bool tried_invalidate = false;
        bool queue_writeback = false;

        if (session)
                ceph_get_mds_session(session);

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_ASYNC_CREATE) {
                /* Don't send messages until we get async create reply */
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                ceph_put_mds_session(session);
                return;
        }

        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH)
                flags |= CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH;
retry:
        /* Caps wanted by virtue of active open files. */
        file_wanted = __ceph_caps_file_wanted(ci);

        /* Caps which have active references against them */
        used = __ceph_caps_used(ci);

        /*
         * "issued" represents the current caps that the MDS wants us to have.
         * "implemented" is the set that we have been granted, and includes the
         * ones that have not yet been returned to the MDS (the "revoking" set,
         * usually because they have outstanding references).
         */
        issued = __ceph_caps_issued(ci, &implemented);
        revoking = implemented & ~issued;

        want = file_wanted;

        /* The ones we currently want to retain (may be adjusted below) */
        retain = file_wanted | used | CEPH_CAP_PIN;
        if (!mdsc->stopping && inode->i_nlink > 0) {
                if (file_wanted) {
                        retain |= CEPH_CAP_ANY;       /* be greedy */
                } else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) &&
                           (issued & CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED) &&
                           __ceph_dir_is_complete(ci)) {
                        /*
                         * If a directory is complete, we want to keep
                         * the exclusive cap. So that MDS does not end up
                         * revoking the shared cap on every create/unlink
                         * operation.
                         */
                        if (IS_RDONLY(inode)) {
                                want = CEPH_CAP_ANY_SHARED;
                        } else {
                                want |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_SHARED | CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL;
                        }
                        retain |= want;
                } else {

                        retain |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_SHARED;
                        /*
                         * keep RD only if we didn't have the file open RW,
                         * because then the mds would revoke it anyway to
                         * journal max_size=0.
                         */
                        if (ci->i_max_size == 0)
                                retain |= CEPH_CAP_ANY_RD;
                }
        }

        dout("check_caps %llx.%llx file_want %s used %s dirty %s flushing %s"
             " issued %s revoking %s retain %s %s%s%s\n", ceph_vinop(inode),
             ceph_cap_string(file_wanted),
             ceph_cap_string(used), ceph_cap_string(ci->i_dirty_caps),
             ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps),
             ceph_cap_string(issued), ceph_cap_string(revoking),
             ceph_cap_string(retain),
             (flags & CHECK_CAPS_AUTHONLY) ? " AUTHONLY" : "",
             (flags & CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH) ? " FLUSH" : "",
             (flags & CHECK_CAPS_NOINVAL) ? " NOINVAL" : "");

        /*
         * If we no longer need to hold onto old our caps, and we may
         * have cached pages, but don't want them, then try to invalidate.
         * If we fail, it's because pages are locked.... try again later.
         */
        if ((!(flags & CHECK_CAPS_NOINVAL) || mdsc->stopping) &&
            S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
            !(ci->i_wb_ref || ci->i_wrbuffer_ref) &&   /* no dirty pages... */
            inode->i_data.nrpages &&            /* have cached pages */
            (revoking & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE|
                         CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO)) && /*  or revoking cache */
            !tried_invalidate) {
                dout("check_caps trying to invalidate on %llx.%llx\n",
                     ceph_vinop(inode));
                if (try_nonblocking_invalidate(inode) < 0) {
                        dout("check_caps queuing invalidate\n");
                        queue_invalidate = true;
                        ci->i_rdcache_revoking = ci->i_rdcache_gen;
                }
                tried_invalidate = true;
                goto retry;
        }

        for (p = rb_first(&ci->i_caps); p; p = rb_next(p)) {
                int mflags = 0;
                struct cap_msg_args arg;

                cap = rb_entry(p, struct ceph_cap, ci_node);

                /* avoid looping forever */
                if (mds >= cap->mds ||
                    ((flags & CHECK_CAPS_AUTHONLY) && cap != ci->i_auth_cap))
                        continue;

                /*
                 * If we have an auth cap, we don't need to consider any
                 * overlapping caps as used.
                 */
                cap_used = used;
                if (ci->i_auth_cap && cap != ci->i_auth_cap)
                        cap_used &= ~ci->i_auth_cap->issued;

                revoking = cap->implemented & ~cap->issued;
                dout(" mds%d cap %p used %s issued %s implemented %s revoking %s\n",
                     cap->mds, cap, ceph_cap_string(cap_used),
                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                     ceph_cap_string(cap->implemented),
                     ceph_cap_string(revoking));

                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap &&
                    (cap->issued & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR)) {
                        /* request larger max_size from MDS? */
                        if (ci->i_wanted_max_size > ci->i_max_size &&
                            ci->i_wanted_max_size > ci->i_requested_max_size) {
                                dout("requesting new max_size\n");
                                goto ack;
                        }

                        /* approaching file_max? */
                        if (__ceph_should_report_size(ci)) {
                                dout("i_size approaching max_size\n");
                                goto ack;
                        }
                }
                /* flush anything dirty? */
                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap) {
                        if ((flags & CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH) && ci->i_dirty_caps) {
                                dout("flushing dirty caps\n");
                                goto ack;
                        }
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS) {
                                dout("flushing snap caps\n");
                                goto ack;
                        }
                }

                /* completed revocation? going down and there are no caps? */
                if (revoking) {
                        if ((revoking & cap_used) == 0) {
                                dout("completed revocation of %s\n",
                                      ceph_cap_string(cap->implemented & ~cap->issued));
                                goto ack;
                        }

                        /*
                         * If the "i_wrbuffer_ref" was increased by mmap or generic
                         * cache write just before the ceph_check_caps() is called,
                         * the Fb capability revoking will fail this time. Then we
                         * must wait for the BDI's delayed work to flush the dirty
                         * pages and to release the "i_wrbuffer_ref", which will cost
                         * at most 5 seconds. That means the MDS needs to wait at
                         * most 5 seconds to finished the Fb capability's revocation.
                         *
                         * Let's queue a writeback for it.
                         */
                        if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && ci->i_wrbuffer_ref &&
                            (revoking & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER))
                                queue_writeback = true;
                }

                /* want more caps from mds? */
                if (want & ~cap->mds_wanted) {
                        if (want & ~(cap->mds_wanted | cap->issued))
                                goto ack;
                        if (!__cap_is_valid(cap))
                                goto ack;
                }

                /* things we might delay */
                if ((cap->issued & ~retain) == 0)
                        continue;     /* nope, all good */

ack:
                ceph_put_mds_session(session);
                session = ceph_get_mds_session(cap->session);

                /* kick flushing and flush snaps before sending normal
                 * cap message */
                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap &&
                    (ci->i_ceph_flags &
                     (CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH | CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS))) {
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH)
                                __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci, 0);
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS)
                                __ceph_flush_snaps(ci, session);

                        goto retry;
                }

                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap && ci->i_dirty_caps) {
                        flushing = ci->i_dirty_caps;
                        flush_tid = __mark_caps_flushing(inode, session, false,
                                                         &oldest_flush_tid);
                        if (flags & CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH &&
                            list_empty(&session->s_cap_dirty))
                                mflags |= CEPH_CLIENT_CAPS_SYNC;
                } else {
                        flushing = 0;
                        flush_tid = 0;
                        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                        oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                }

                mds = cap->mds;  /* remember mds, so we don't repeat */

                __prep_cap(&arg, cap, CEPH_CAP_OP_UPDATE, mflags, cap_used,
                           want, retain, flushing, flush_tid, oldest_flush_tid);

                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                __send_cap(&arg, ci);
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

                goto retry; /* retake i_ceph_lock and restart our cap scan. */
        }

        /* periodically re-calculate caps wanted by open files */
        if (__ceph_is_any_real_caps(ci) &&
            list_empty(&ci->i_cap_delay_list) &&
            (file_wanted & ~CEPH_CAP_PIN) &&
            !(used & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD | CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR))) {
                __cap_delay_requeue(mdsc, ci);
        }

        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        ceph_put_mds_session(session);
        if (queue_writeback)
                ceph_queue_writeback(inode);
        if (queue_invalidate)
                ceph_queue_invalidate(inode);
}

/*
 * Try to flush dirty caps back to the auth mds.
 */
static int try_flush_caps(struct inode *inode, u64 *ptid)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int flushing = 0;
        u64 flush_tid = 0, oldest_flush_tid = 0;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
retry_locked:
        if (ci->i_dirty_caps && ci->i_auth_cap) {
                struct ceph_cap *cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                struct cap_msg_args arg;
                struct ceph_mds_session *session = cap->session;

                if (session->s_state < CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN) {
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        goto out;
                }

                if (ci->i_ceph_flags &
                    (CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH | CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS)) {
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH)
                                __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci, 0);
                        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS)
                                __ceph_flush_snaps(ci, session);
                        goto retry_locked;
                }

                flushing = ci->i_dirty_caps;
                flush_tid = __mark_caps_flushing(inode, session, true,
                                                 &oldest_flush_tid);

                __prep_cap(&arg, cap, CEPH_CAP_OP_FLUSH, CEPH_CLIENT_CAPS_SYNC,
                           __ceph_caps_used(ci), __ceph_caps_wanted(ci),
                           (cap->issued | cap->implemented),
                           flushing, flush_tid, oldest_flush_tid);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

                __send_cap(&arg, ci);
        } else {
                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list)) {
                        struct ceph_cap_flush *cf =
                                list_last_entry(&ci->i_cap_flush_list,
                                                struct ceph_cap_flush, i_list);
                        cf->wake = true;
                        flush_tid = cf->tid;
                }
                flushing = ci->i_flushing_caps;
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
out:
        *ptid = flush_tid;
        return flushing;
}

/*
 * Return true if we've flushed caps through the given flush_tid.
 */
static int caps_are_flushed(struct inode *inode, u64 flush_tid)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int ret = 1;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list)) {
                struct ceph_cap_flush * cf =
                        list_first_entry(&ci->i_cap_flush_list,
                                         struct ceph_cap_flush, i_list);
                if (cf->tid <= flush_tid)
                        ret = 0;
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * flush the mdlog and wait for any unsafe requests to complete.
 */
static int flush_mdlog_and_wait_inode_unsafe_requests(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_request *req1 = NULL, *req2 = NULL;
        unsigned int max_sessions;
        int ret, err = 0;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
        if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && !list_empty(&ci->i_unsafe_dirops)) {
                req1 = list_last_entry(&ci->i_unsafe_dirops,
                                        struct ceph_mds_request,
                                        r_unsafe_dir_item);
                ceph_mdsc_get_request(req1);
        }
        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_unsafe_iops)) {
                req2 = list_last_entry(&ci->i_unsafe_iops,
                                        struct ceph_mds_request,
                                        r_unsafe_target_item);
                ceph_mdsc_get_request(req2);
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);

        /*
         * The mdsc->max_sessions is unlikely to be changed
         * mostly, here we will retry it by reallocating the
         * sessions array memory to get rid of the mdsc->mutex
         * lock.
         */
retry:
        max_sessions = mdsc->max_sessions;

        /*
         * Trigger to flush the journal logs in all the relevant MDSes
         * manually, or in the worst case we must wait at most 5 seconds
         * to wait the journal logs to be flushed by the MDSes periodically.
         */
        if ((req1 || req2) && likely(max_sessions)) {
                struct ceph_mds_session **sessions = NULL;
                struct ceph_mds_session *s;
                struct ceph_mds_request *req;
                int i;

                sessions = kzalloc(max_sessions * sizeof(s), GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!sessions) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }

                spin_lock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
                if (req1) {
                        list_for_each_entry(req, &ci->i_unsafe_dirops,
                                            r_unsafe_dir_item) {
                                s = req->r_session;
                                if (!s)
                                        continue;
                                if (unlikely(s->s_mds >= max_sessions)) {
                                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
                                        for (i = 0; i < max_sessions; i++) {
                                                s = sessions[i];
                                                if (s)
                                                        ceph_put_mds_session(s);
                                        }
                                        kfree(sessions);
                                        goto retry;
                                }
                                if (!sessions[s->s_mds]) {
                                        s = ceph_get_mds_session(s);
                                        sessions[s->s_mds] = s;
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (req2) {
                        list_for_each_entry(req, &ci->i_unsafe_iops,
                                            r_unsafe_target_item) {
                                s = req->r_session;
                                if (!s)
                                        continue;
                                if (unlikely(s->s_mds >= max_sessions)) {
                                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
                                        for (i = 0; i < max_sessions; i++) {
                                                s = sessions[i];
                                                if (s)
                                                        ceph_put_mds_session(s);
                                        }
                                        kfree(sessions);
                                        goto retry;
                                }
                                if (!sessions[s->s_mds]) {
                                        s = ceph_get_mds_session(s);
                                        sessions[s->s_mds] = s;
                                }
                        }
                }
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);

                /* the auth MDS */
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                if (ci->i_auth_cap) {
                      s = ci->i_auth_cap->session;
                      if (!sessions[s->s_mds])
                              sessions[s->s_mds] = ceph_get_mds_session(s);
                }
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

                /* send flush mdlog request to MDSes */
                for (i = 0; i < max_sessions; i++) {
                        s = sessions[i];
                        if (s) {
                                send_flush_mdlog(s);
                                ceph_put_mds_session(s);
                        }
                }
                kfree(sessions);
        }

        dout("%s %p wait on tid %llu %llu\n", __func__,
             inode, req1 ? req1->r_tid : 0ULL, req2 ? req2->r_tid : 0ULL);
        if (req1) {
                ret = !wait_for_completion_timeout(&req1->r_safe_completion,
                                        ceph_timeout_jiffies(req1->r_timeout));
                if (ret)
                        err = -EIO;
        }
        if (req2) {
                ret = !wait_for_completion_timeout(&req2->r_safe_completion,
                                        ceph_timeout_jiffies(req2->r_timeout));
                if (ret)
                        err = -EIO;
        }

out:
        if (req1)
                ceph_mdsc_put_request(req1);
        if (req2)
                ceph_mdsc_put_request(req2);
        return err;
}

int ceph_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
{
        struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        u64 flush_tid;
        int ret, err;
        int dirty;

        dout("fsync %p%s\n", inode, datasync ? " datasync" : "");

        ret = file_write_and_wait_range(file, start, end);
        if (datasync)
                goto out;

        ret = ceph_wait_on_async_create(inode);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        dirty = try_flush_caps(inode, &flush_tid);
        dout("fsync dirty caps are %s\n", ceph_cap_string(dirty));

        err = flush_mdlog_and_wait_inode_unsafe_requests(inode);

        /*
         * only wait on non-file metadata writeback (the mds
         * can recover size and mtime, so we don't need to
         * wait for that)
         */
        if (!err && (dirty & ~CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR)) {
                err = wait_event_interruptible(ci->i_cap_wq,
                                        caps_are_flushed(inode, flush_tid));
        }

        if (err < 0)
                ret = err;

        err = file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file);
        if (err < 0)
                ret = err;
out:
        dout("fsync %p%s result=%d\n", inode, datasync ? " datasync" : "", ret);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Flush any dirty caps back to the mds.  If we aren't asked to wait,
 * queue inode for flush but don't do so immediately, because we can
 * get by with fewer MDS messages if we wait for data writeback to
 * complete first.
 */
int ceph_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        u64 flush_tid;
        int err = 0;
        int dirty;
        int wait = (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL && !wbc->for_sync);

        dout("write_inode %p wait=%d\n", inode, wait);
        ceph_fscache_unpin_writeback(inode, wbc);
        if (wait) {
                err = ceph_wait_on_async_create(inode);
                if (err)
                        return err;
                dirty = try_flush_caps(inode, &flush_tid);
                if (dirty)
                        err = wait_event_interruptible(ci->i_cap_wq,
                                       caps_are_flushed(inode, flush_tid));
        } else {
                struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc =
                        ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;

                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                if (__ceph_caps_dirty(ci))
                        __cap_delay_requeue_front(mdsc, ci);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
        return err;
}

static void __kick_flushing_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                 struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                                 struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                                 u64 oldest_flush_tid)
        __releases(ci->i_ceph_lock)
        __acquires(ci->i_ceph_lock)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct ceph_cap_flush *cf;
        int ret;
        u64 first_tid = 0;
        u64 last_snap_flush = 0;

        /* Don't do anything until create reply comes in */
        if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_ASYNC_CREATE)
                return;

        ci->i_ceph_flags &= ~CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH;

        list_for_each_entry_reverse(cf, &ci->i_cap_flush_list, i_list) {
                if (cf->is_capsnap) {
                        last_snap_flush = cf->tid;
                        break;
                }
        }

        list_for_each_entry(cf, &ci->i_cap_flush_list, i_list) {
                if (cf->tid < first_tid)
                        continue;

                cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                if (!(cap && cap->session == session)) {
                        pr_err("%p auth cap %p not mds%d ???\n",
                               inode, cap, session->s_mds);
                        break;
                }

                first_tid = cf->tid + 1;

                if (!cf->is_capsnap) {
                        struct cap_msg_args arg;

                        dout("kick_flushing_caps %p cap %p tid %llu %s\n",
                             inode, cap, cf->tid, ceph_cap_string(cf->caps));
                        __prep_cap(&arg, cap, CEPH_CAP_OP_FLUSH,
                                         (cf->tid < last_snap_flush ?
                                          CEPH_CLIENT_CAPS_PENDING_CAPSNAP : 0),
                                          __ceph_caps_used(ci),
                                          __ceph_caps_wanted(ci),
                                          (cap->issued | cap->implemented),
                                          cf->caps, cf->tid, oldest_flush_tid);
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        __send_cap(&arg, ci);
                } else {
                        struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap =
                                        container_of(cf, struct ceph_cap_snap,
                                                    cap_flush);
                        dout("kick_flushing_caps %p capsnap %p tid %llu %s\n",
                             inode, capsnap, cf->tid,
                             ceph_cap_string(capsnap->dirty));

                        refcount_inc(&capsnap->nref);
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

                        ret = __send_flush_snap(inode, session, capsnap, cap->mseq,
                                                oldest_flush_tid);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                pr_err("kick_flushing_caps: error sending "
                                        "cap flushsnap, ino (%llx.%llx) "
                                        "tid %llu follows %llu\n",
                                        ceph_vinop(inode), cf->tid,
                                        capsnap->follows);
                        }

                        ceph_put_cap_snap(capsnap);
                }

                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
}

void ceph_early_kick_flushing_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                                   struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        u64 oldest_flush_tid;

        dout("early_kick_flushing_caps mds%d\n", session->s_mds);

        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

        list_for_each_entry(ci, &session->s_cap_flushing, i_flushing_item) {
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                if (!(cap && cap->session == session)) {
                        pr_err("%p auth cap %p not mds%d ???\n",
                                &ci->netfs.inode, cap, session->s_mds);
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        continue;
                }


                /*
                 * if flushing caps were revoked, we re-send the cap flush
                 * in client reconnect stage. This guarantees MDS * processes
                 * the cap flush message before issuing the flushing caps to
                 * other client.
                 */
                if ((cap->issued & ci->i_flushing_caps) !=
                    ci->i_flushing_caps) {
                        /* encode_caps_cb() also will reset these sequence
                         * numbers. make sure sequence numbers in cap flush
                         * message match later reconnect message */
                        cap->seq = 0;
                        cap->issue_seq = 0;
                        cap->mseq = 0;
                        __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci,
                                             oldest_flush_tid);
                } else {
                        ci->i_ceph_flags |= CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH;
                }

                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
}

void ceph_kick_flushing_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                             struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        u64 oldest_flush_tid;

        lockdep_assert_held(&session->s_mutex);

        dout("kick_flushing_caps mds%d\n", session->s_mds);

        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

        list_for_each_entry(ci, &session->s_cap_flushing, i_flushing_item) {
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
                if (!(cap && cap->session == session)) {
                        pr_err("%p auth cap %p not mds%d ???\n",
                                &ci->netfs.inode, cap, session->s_mds);
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        continue;
                }
                if (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_KICK_FLUSH) {
                        __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci,
                                             oldest_flush_tid);
                }
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }
}

void ceph_kick_flushing_inode_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                                   struct ceph_inode_info *ci)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = session->s_mdsc;
        struct ceph_cap *cap = ci->i_auth_cap;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("%s %p flushing %s\n", __func__, &ci->netfs.inode,
             ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps));

        if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list)) {
                u64 oldest_flush_tid;
                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                list_move_tail(&ci->i_flushing_item,
                               &cap->session->s_cap_flushing);
                oldest_flush_tid = __get_oldest_flush_tid(mdsc);
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

                __kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, session, ci, oldest_flush_tid);
        }
}


/*
 * Take references to capabilities we hold, so that we don't release
 * them to the MDS prematurely.
 */
void ceph_take_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int got,
                            bool snap_rwsem_locked)
{
        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (got & CEPH_CAP_PIN)
                ci->i_pin_ref++;
        if (got & CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD)
                ci->i_rd_ref++;
        if (got & CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE)
                ci->i_rdcache_ref++;
        if (got & CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL)
                ci->i_fx_ref++;
        if (got & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR) {
                if (ci->i_wr_ref == 0 && !ci->i_head_snapc) {
                        BUG_ON(!snap_rwsem_locked);
                        ci->i_head_snapc = ceph_get_snap_context(
                                        ci->i_snap_realm->cached_context);
                }
                ci->i_wr_ref++;
        }
        if (got & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER) {
                if (ci->i_wb_ref == 0)
                        ihold(&ci->netfs.inode);
                ci->i_wb_ref++;
                dout("%s %p wb %d -> %d (?)\n", __func__,
                     &ci->netfs.inode, ci->i_wb_ref-1, ci->i_wb_ref);
        }
}

/*
 * Try to grab cap references.  Specify those refs we @want, and the
 * minimal set we @need.  Also include the larger offset we are writing
 * to (when applicable), and check against max_size here as well.
 * Note that caller is responsible for ensuring max_size increases are
 * requested from the MDS.
 *
 * Returns 0 if caps were not able to be acquired (yet), 1 if succeed,
 * or a negative error code. There are 3 speical error codes:
 *  -EAGAIN:  need to sleep but non-blocking is specified
 *  -EFBIG:   ask caller to call check_max_size() and try again.
 *  -EUCLEAN: ask caller to call ceph_renew_caps() and try again.
 */
enum {
        /* first 8 bits are reserved for CEPH_FILE_MODE_FOO */
        NON_BLOCKING    = (1 << 8),
        CHECK_FILELOCK  = (1 << 9),
};

static int try_get_cap_refs(struct inode *inode, int need, int want,
                            loff_t endoff, int flags, int *got)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->mdsc;
        int ret = 0;
        int have, implemented;
        bool snap_rwsem_locked = false;

        dout("get_cap_refs %p need %s want %s\n", inode,
             ceph_cap_string(need), ceph_cap_string(want));

again:
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if ((flags & CHECK_FILELOCK) &&
            (ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_ERROR_FILELOCK)) {
                dout("try_get_cap_refs %p error filelock\n", inode);
                ret = -EIO;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        /* finish pending truncate */
        while (ci->i_truncate_pending) {
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                if (snap_rwsem_locked) {
                        up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
                        snap_rwsem_locked = false;
                }
                __ceph_do_pending_vmtruncate(inode);
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        }

        have = __ceph_caps_issued(ci, &implemented);

        if (have & need & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR) {
                if (endoff >= 0 && endoff > (loff_t)ci->i_max_size) {
                        dout("get_cap_refs %p endoff %llu > maxsize %llu\n",
                             inode, endoff, ci->i_max_size);
                        if (endoff > ci->i_requested_max_size)
                                ret = ci->i_auth_cap ? -EFBIG : -EUCLEAN;
                        goto out_unlock;
                }
                /*
                 * If a sync write is in progress, we must wait, so that we
                 * can get a final snapshot value for size+mtime.
                 */
                if (__ceph_have_pending_cap_snap(ci)) {
                        dout("get_cap_refs %p cap_snap_pending\n", inode);
                        goto out_unlock;
                }
        }

        if ((have & need) == need) {
                /*
                 * Look at (implemented & ~have & not) so that we keep waiting
                 * on transition from wanted -> needed caps.  This is needed
                 * for WRBUFFER|WR -> WR to avoid a new WR sync write from
                 * going before a prior buffered writeback happens.
                 */
                int not = want & ~(have & need);
                int revoking = implemented & ~have;
                dout("get_cap_refs %p have %s but not %s (revoking %s)\n",
                     inode, ceph_cap_string(have), ceph_cap_string(not),
                     ceph_cap_string(revoking));
                if ((revoking & not) == 0) {
                        if (!snap_rwsem_locked &&
                            !ci->i_head_snapc &&
                            (need & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR)) {
                                if (!down_read_trylock(&mdsc->snap_rwsem)) {
                                        /*
                                         * we can not call down_read() when
                                         * task isn't in TASK_RUNNING state
                                         */
                                        if (flags & NON_BLOCKING) {
                                                ret = -EAGAIN;
                                                goto out_unlock;
                                        }

                                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                                        down_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
                                        snap_rwsem_locked = true;
                                        goto again;
                                }
                                snap_rwsem_locked = true;
                        }
                        if ((have & want) == want)
                                *got = need | want;
                        else
                                *got = need;
                        ceph_take_cap_refs(ci, *got, true);
                        ret = 1;
                }
        } else {
                int session_readonly = false;
                int mds_wanted;
                if (ci->i_auth_cap &&
                    (need & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR | CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL))) {
                        struct ceph_mds_session *s = ci->i_auth_cap->session;
                        spin_lock(&s->s_cap_lock);
                        session_readonly = s->s_readonly;
                        spin_unlock(&s->s_cap_lock);
                }
                if (session_readonly) {
                        dout("get_cap_refs %p need %s but mds%d readonly\n",
                             inode, ceph_cap_string(need), ci->i_auth_cap->mds);
                        ret = -EROFS;
                        goto out_unlock;
                }

                if (ceph_inode_is_shutdown(inode)) {
                        dout("get_cap_refs %p inode is shutdown\n", inode);
                        ret = -ESTALE;
                        goto out_unlock;
                }
                mds_wanted = __ceph_caps_mds_wanted(ci, false);
                if (need & ~mds_wanted) {
                        dout("get_cap_refs %p need %s > mds_wanted %s\n",
                             inode, ceph_cap_string(need),
                             ceph_cap_string(mds_wanted));
                        ret = -EUCLEAN;
                        goto out_unlock;
                }

                dout("get_cap_refs %p have %s need %s\n", inode,
                     ceph_cap_string(have), ceph_cap_string(need));
        }
out_unlock:

        __ceph_touch_fmode(ci, mdsc, flags);

        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (snap_rwsem_locked)
                up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);

        if (!ret)
                ceph_update_cap_mis(&mdsc->metric);
        else if (ret == 1)
                ceph_update_cap_hit(&mdsc->metric);

        dout("get_cap_refs %p ret %d got %s\n", inode,
             ret, ceph_cap_string(*got));
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Check the offset we are writing up to against our current
 * max_size.  If necessary, tell the MDS we want to write to
 * a larger offset.
 */
static void check_max_size(struct inode *inode, loff_t endoff)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int check = 0;

        /* do we need to explicitly request a larger max_size? */
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (endoff >= ci->i_max_size && endoff > ci->i_wanted_max_size) {
                dout("write %p at large endoff %llu, req max_size\n",
                     inode, endoff);
                ci->i_wanted_max_size = endoff;
        }
        /* duplicate ceph_check_caps()'s logic */
        if (ci->i_auth_cap &&
            (ci->i_auth_cap->issued & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR) &&
            ci->i_wanted_max_size > ci->i_max_size &&
            ci->i_wanted_max_size > ci->i_requested_max_size)
                check = 1;
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (check)
                ceph_check_caps(ci, CHECK_CAPS_AUTHONLY, NULL);
}

static inline int get_used_fmode(int caps)
{
        int fmode = 0;
        if (caps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD)
                fmode |= CEPH_FILE_MODE_RD;
        if (caps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR)
                fmode |= CEPH_FILE_MODE_WR;
        return fmode;
}

int ceph_try_get_caps(struct inode *inode, int need, int want,
                      bool nonblock, int *got)
{
        int ret, flags;

        BUG_ON(need & ~CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD);
        BUG_ON(want & ~(CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE | CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO |
                        CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED | CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL |
                        CEPH_CAP_ANY_DIR_OPS));
        if (need) {
                ret = ceph_pool_perm_check(inode, need);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
        }

        flags = get_used_fmode(need | want);
        if (nonblock)
                flags |= NON_BLOCKING;

        ret = try_get_cap_refs(inode, need, want, 0, flags, got);
        /* three special error codes */
        if (ret == -EAGAIN || ret == -EFBIG || ret == -EUCLEAN)
                ret = 0;
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Wait for caps, and take cap references.  If we can't get a WR cap
 * due to a small max_size, make sure we check_max_size (and possibly
 * ask the mds) so we don't get hung up indefinitely.
 */
int ceph_get_caps(struct file *filp, int need, int want, loff_t endoff, int *got)
{
        struct ceph_file_info *fi = filp->private_data;
        struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_fs_client *fsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode);
        int ret, _got, flags;

        ret = ceph_pool_perm_check(inode, need);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        if ((fi->fmode & CEPH_FILE_MODE_WR) &&
            fi->filp_gen != READ_ONCE(fsc->filp_gen))
                return -EBADF;

        flags = get_used_fmode(need | want);

        while (true) {
                flags &= CEPH_FILE_MODE_MASK;
                if (atomic_read(&fi->num_locks))
                        flags |= CHECK_FILELOCK;
                _got = 0;
                ret = try_get_cap_refs(inode, need, want, endoff,
                                       flags, &_got);
                WARN_ON_ONCE(ret == -EAGAIN);
                if (!ret) {
                        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = fsc->mdsc;
                        struct cap_wait cw;
                        DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wait, woken_wake_function);

                        cw.ino = ceph_ino(inode);
                        cw.tgid = current->tgid;
                        cw.need = need;
                        cw.want = want;

                        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                        list_add(&cw.list, &mdsc->cap_wait_list);
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

                        /* make sure used fmode not timeout */
                        ceph_get_fmode(ci, flags, FMODE_WAIT_BIAS);
                        add_wait_queue(&ci->i_cap_wq, &wait);

                        flags |= NON_BLOCKING;
                        while (!(ret = try_get_cap_refs(inode, need, want,
                                                        endoff, flags, &_got))) {
                                if (signal_pending(current)) {
                                        ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
                                        break;
                                }
                                wait_woken(&wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
                        }

                        remove_wait_queue(&ci->i_cap_wq, &wait);
                        ceph_put_fmode(ci, flags, FMODE_WAIT_BIAS);

                        spin_lock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);
                        list_del(&cw.list);
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->caps_list_lock);

                        if (ret == -EAGAIN)
                                continue;
                }

                if ((fi->fmode & CEPH_FILE_MODE_WR) &&
                    fi->filp_gen != READ_ONCE(fsc->filp_gen)) {
                        if (ret >= 0 && _got)
                                ceph_put_cap_refs(ci, _got);
                        return -EBADF;
                }

                if (ret < 0) {
                        if (ret == -EFBIG || ret == -EUCLEAN) {
                                int ret2 = ceph_wait_on_async_create(inode);
                                if (ret2 < 0)
                                        return ret2;
                        }
                        if (ret == -EFBIG) {
                                check_max_size(inode, endoff);
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (ret == -EUCLEAN) {
                                /* session was killed, try renew caps */
                                ret = ceph_renew_caps(inode, flags);
                                if (ret == 0)
                                        continue;
                        }
                        return ret;
                }

                if (S_ISREG(ci->netfs.inode.i_mode) &&
                    ceph_has_inline_data(ci) &&
                    (_got & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE|CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO)) &&
                    i_size_read(inode) > 0) {
                        struct page *page =
                                find_get_page(inode->i_mapping, 0);
                        if (page) {
                                bool uptodate = PageUptodate(page);

                                put_page(page);
                                if (uptodate)
                                        break;
                        }
                        /*
                         * drop cap refs first because getattr while
                         * holding * caps refs can cause deadlock.
                         */
                        ceph_put_cap_refs(ci, _got);
                        _got = 0;

                        /*
                         * getattr request will bring inline data into
                         * page cache
                         */
                        ret = __ceph_do_getattr(inode, NULL,
                                                CEPH_STAT_CAP_INLINE_DATA,
                                                true);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;
                        continue;
                }
                break;
        }
        *got = _got;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Take cap refs.  Caller must already know we hold at least one ref
 * on the caps in question or we don't know this is safe.
 */
void ceph_get_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int caps)
{
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        ceph_take_cap_refs(ci, caps, false);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
}


/*
 * drop cap_snap that is not associated with any snapshot.
 * we don't need to send FLUSHSNAP message for it.
 */
static int ceph_try_drop_cap_snap(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                                  struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap)
{
        if (!capsnap->need_flush &&
            !capsnap->writing && !capsnap->dirty_pages) {
                dout("dropping cap_snap %p follows %llu\n",
                     capsnap, capsnap->follows);
                BUG_ON(capsnap->cap_flush.tid > 0);
                ceph_put_snap_context(capsnap->context);
                if (!list_is_last(&capsnap->ci_item, &ci->i_cap_snaps))
                        ci->i_ceph_flags |= CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS;

                list_del(&capsnap->ci_item);
                ceph_put_cap_snap(capsnap);
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

enum put_cap_refs_mode {
        PUT_CAP_REFS_SYNC = 0,
        PUT_CAP_REFS_NO_CHECK,
        PUT_CAP_REFS_ASYNC,
};

/*
 * Release cap refs.
 *
 * If we released the last ref on any given cap, call ceph_check_caps
 * to release (or schedule a release).
 *
 * If we are releasing a WR cap (from a sync write), finalize any affected
 * cap_snap, and wake up any waiters.
 */
static void __ceph_put_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int had,
                                enum put_cap_refs_mode mode)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        int last = 0, put = 0, flushsnaps = 0, wake = 0;
        bool check_flushsnaps = false;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_PIN)
                --ci->i_pin_ref;
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_RD)
                if (--ci->i_rd_ref == 0)
                        last++;
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE)
                if (--ci->i_rdcache_ref == 0)
                        last++;
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL)
                if (--ci->i_fx_ref == 0)
                        last++;
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER) {
                if (--ci->i_wb_ref == 0) {
                        last++;
                        /* put the ref held by ceph_take_cap_refs() */
                        put++;
                        check_flushsnaps = true;
                }
                dout("put_cap_refs %p wb %d -> %d (?)\n",
                     inode, ci->i_wb_ref+1, ci->i_wb_ref);
        }
        if (had & CEPH_CAP_FILE_WR) {
                if (--ci->i_wr_ref == 0) {
                        last++;
                        check_flushsnaps = true;
                        if (ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head == 0 &&
                            ci->i_dirty_caps == 0 &&
                            ci->i_flushing_caps == 0) {
                                BUG_ON(!ci->i_head_snapc);
                                ceph_put_snap_context(ci->i_head_snapc);
                                ci->i_head_snapc = NULL;
                        }
                        /* see comment in __ceph_remove_cap() */
                        if (!__ceph_is_any_real_caps(ci) && ci->i_snap_realm)
                                ceph_change_snap_realm(inode, NULL);
                }
        }
        if (check_flushsnaps && __ceph_have_pending_cap_snap(ci)) {
                struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap =
                        list_last_entry(&ci->i_cap_snaps,
                                        struct ceph_cap_snap,
                                        ci_item);

                capsnap->writing = 0;
                if (ceph_try_drop_cap_snap(ci, capsnap))
                        /* put the ref held by ceph_queue_cap_snap() */
                        put++;
                else if (__ceph_finish_cap_snap(ci, capsnap))
                        flushsnaps = 1;
                wake = 1;
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("put_cap_refs %p had %s%s%s\n", inode, ceph_cap_string(had),
             last ? " last" : "", put ? " put" : "");

        switch (mode) {
        case PUT_CAP_REFS_SYNC:
                if (last)
                        ceph_check_caps(ci, 0, NULL);
                else if (flushsnaps)
                        ceph_flush_snaps(ci, NULL);
                break;
        case PUT_CAP_REFS_ASYNC:
                if (last)
                        ceph_queue_check_caps(inode);
                else if (flushsnaps)
                        ceph_queue_flush_snaps(inode);
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
        if (wake)
                wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
        while (put-- > 0)
                iput(inode);
}

void ceph_put_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int had)
{
        __ceph_put_cap_refs(ci, had, PUT_CAP_REFS_SYNC);
}

void ceph_put_cap_refs_async(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int had)
{
        __ceph_put_cap_refs(ci, had, PUT_CAP_REFS_ASYNC);
}

void ceph_put_cap_refs_no_check_caps(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int had)
{
        __ceph_put_cap_refs(ci, had, PUT_CAP_REFS_NO_CHECK);
}

/*
 * Release @nr WRBUFFER refs on dirty pages for the given @snapc snap
 * context.  Adjust per-snap dirty page accounting as appropriate.
 * Once all dirty data for a cap_snap is flushed, flush snapped file
 * metadata back to the MDS.  If we dropped the last ref, call
 * ceph_check_caps.
 */
void ceph_put_wrbuffer_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int nr,
                                struct ceph_snap_context *snapc)
{
        struct inode *inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
        struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap = NULL, *iter;
        int put = 0;
        bool last = false;
        bool flush_snaps = false;
        bool complete_capsnap = false;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        ci->i_wrbuffer_ref -= nr;
        if (ci->i_wrbuffer_ref == 0) {
                last = true;
                put++;
        }

        if (ci->i_head_snapc == snapc) {
                ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head -= nr;
                if (ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head == 0 &&
                    ci->i_wr_ref == 0 &&
                    ci->i_dirty_caps == 0 &&
                    ci->i_flushing_caps == 0) {
                        BUG_ON(!ci->i_head_snapc);
                        ceph_put_snap_context(ci->i_head_snapc);
                        ci->i_head_snapc = NULL;
                }
                dout("put_wrbuffer_cap_refs on %p head %d/%d -> %d/%d %s\n",
                     inode,
                     ci->i_wrbuffer_ref+nr, ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head+nr,
                     ci->i_wrbuffer_ref, ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head,
                     last ? " LAST" : "");
        } else {
                list_for_each_entry(iter, &ci->i_cap_snaps, ci_item) {
                        if (iter->context == snapc) {
                                capsnap = iter;
                                break;
                        }
                }

                if (!capsnap) {
                        /*
                         * The capsnap should already be removed when removing
                         * auth cap in the case of a forced unmount.
                         */
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->i_auth_cap);
                        goto unlock;
                }

                capsnap->dirty_pages -= nr;
                if (capsnap->dirty_pages == 0) {
                        complete_capsnap = true;
                        if (!capsnap->writing) {
                                if (ceph_try_drop_cap_snap(ci, capsnap)) {
                                        put++;
                                } else {
                                        ci->i_ceph_flags |= CEPH_I_FLUSH_SNAPS;
                                        flush_snaps = true;
                                }
                        }
                }
                dout("put_wrbuffer_cap_refs on %p cap_snap %p "
                     " snap %lld %d/%d -> %d/%d %s%s\n",
                     inode, capsnap, capsnap->context->seq,
                     ci->i_wrbuffer_ref+nr, capsnap->dirty_pages + nr,
                     ci->i_wrbuffer_ref, capsnap->dirty_pages,
                     last ? " (wrbuffer last)" : "",
                     complete_capsnap ? " (complete capsnap)" : "");
        }

unlock:
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (last) {
                ceph_check_caps(ci, 0, NULL);
        } else if (flush_snaps) {
                ceph_flush_snaps(ci, NULL);
        }
        if (complete_capsnap)
                wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
        while (put-- > 0) {
                iput(inode);
        }
}

/*
 * Invalidate unlinked inode's aliases, so we can drop the inode ASAP.
 */
static void invalidate_aliases(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct dentry *dn, *prev = NULL;

        dout("invalidate_aliases inode %p\n", inode);
        d_prune_aliases(inode);
        /*
         * For non-directory inode, d_find_alias() only returns
         * hashed dentry. After calling d_invalidate(), the
         * dentry becomes unhashed.
         *
         * For directory inode, d_find_alias() can return
         * unhashed dentry. But directory inode should have
         * one alias at most.
         */
        while ((dn = d_find_alias(inode))) {
                if (dn == prev) {
                        dput(dn);
                        break;
                }
                d_invalidate(dn);
                if (prev)
                        dput(prev);
                prev = dn;
        }
        if (prev)
                dput(prev);
}

struct cap_extra_info {
        struct ceph_string *pool_ns;
        /* inline data */
        u64 inline_version;
        void *inline_data;
        u32 inline_len;
        /* dirstat */
        bool dirstat_valid;
        u64 nfiles;
        u64 nsubdirs;
        u64 change_attr;
        /* currently issued */
        int issued;
        struct timespec64 btime;
};

/*
 * Handle a cap GRANT message from the MDS.  (Note that a GRANT may
 * actually be a revocation if it specifies a smaller cap set.)
 *
 * caller holds s_mutex and i_ceph_lock, we drop both.
 */
static void handle_cap_grant(struct inode *inode,
                             struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                             struct ceph_cap *cap,
                             struct ceph_mds_caps *grant,
                             struct ceph_buffer *xattr_buf,
                             struct cap_extra_info *extra_info)
        __releases(ci->i_ceph_lock)
        __releases(session->s_mdsc->snap_rwsem)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int seq = le32_to_cpu(grant->seq);
        int newcaps = le32_to_cpu(grant->caps);
        int used, wanted, dirty;
        u64 size = le64_to_cpu(grant->size);
        u64 max_size = le64_to_cpu(grant->max_size);
        unsigned char check_caps = 0;
        bool was_stale = cap->cap_gen < atomic_read(&session->s_cap_gen);
        bool wake = false;
        bool writeback = false;
        bool queue_trunc = false;
        bool queue_invalidate = false;
        bool deleted_inode = false;
        bool fill_inline = false;

        dout("handle_cap_grant inode %p cap %p mds%d seq %d %s\n",
             inode, cap, session->s_mds, seq, ceph_cap_string(newcaps));
        dout(" size %llu max_size %llu, i_size %llu\n", size, max_size,
                i_size_read(inode));


        /*
         * If CACHE is being revoked, and we have no dirty buffers,
         * try to invalidate (once).  (If there are dirty buffers, we
         * will invalidate _after_ writeback.)
         */
        if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && /* don't invalidate readdir cache */
            ((cap->issued & ~newcaps) & CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE) &&
            (newcaps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO) == 0 &&
            !(ci->i_wrbuffer_ref || ci->i_wb_ref)) {
                if (try_nonblocking_invalidate(inode)) {
                        /* there were locked pages.. invalidate later
                           in a separate thread. */
                        if (ci->i_rdcache_revoking != ci->i_rdcache_gen) {
                                queue_invalidate = true;
                                ci->i_rdcache_revoking = ci->i_rdcache_gen;
                        }
                }
        }

        if (was_stale)
                cap->issued = cap->implemented = CEPH_CAP_PIN;

        /*
         * auth mds of the inode changed. we received the cap export message,
         * but still haven't received the cap import message. handle_cap_export
         * updated the new auth MDS' cap.
         *
         * "ceph_seq_cmp(seq, cap->seq) <= 0" means we are processing a message
         * that was sent before the cap import message. So don't remove caps.
         */
        if (ceph_seq_cmp(seq, cap->seq) <= 0) {
                WARN_ON(cap != ci->i_auth_cap);
                WARN_ON(cap->cap_id != le64_to_cpu(grant->cap_id));
                seq = cap->seq;
                newcaps |= cap->issued;
        }

        /* side effects now are allowed */
        cap->cap_gen = atomic_read(&session->s_cap_gen);
        cap->seq = seq;

        __check_cap_issue(ci, cap, newcaps);

        inode_set_max_iversion_raw(inode, extra_info->change_attr);

        if ((newcaps & CEPH_CAP_AUTH_SHARED) &&
            (extra_info->issued & CEPH_CAP_AUTH_EXCL) == 0) {
                umode_t mode = le32_to_cpu(grant->mode);

                if (inode_wrong_type(inode, mode))
                        pr_warn_once("inode type changed! (ino %llx.%llx is 0%o, mds says 0%o)\n",
                                     ceph_vinop(inode), inode->i_mode, mode);
                else
                        inode->i_mode = mode;
                inode->i_uid = make_kuid(&init_user_ns, le32_to_cpu(grant->uid));
                inode->i_gid = make_kgid(&init_user_ns, le32_to_cpu(grant->gid));
                ci->i_btime = extra_info->btime;
                dout("%p mode 0%o uid.gid %d.%d\n", inode, inode->i_mode,
                     from_kuid(&init_user_ns, inode->i_uid),
                     from_kgid(&init_user_ns, inode->i_gid));
        }

        if ((newcaps & CEPH_CAP_LINK_SHARED) &&
            (extra_info->issued & CEPH_CAP_LINK_EXCL) == 0) {
                set_nlink(inode, le32_to_cpu(grant->nlink));
                if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
                        deleted_inode = true;
        }

        if ((extra_info->issued & CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL) == 0 &&
            grant->xattr_len) {
                int len = le32_to_cpu(grant->xattr_len);
                u64 version = le64_to_cpu(grant->xattr_version);

                if (version > ci->i_xattrs.version) {
                        dout(" got new xattrs v%llu on %p len %d\n",
                             version, inode, len);
                        if (ci->i_xattrs.blob)
                                ceph_buffer_put(ci->i_xattrs.blob);
                        ci->i_xattrs.blob = ceph_buffer_get(xattr_buf);
                        ci->i_xattrs.version = version;
                        ceph_forget_all_cached_acls(inode);
                        ceph_security_invalidate_secctx(inode);
                }
        }

        if (newcaps & CEPH_CAP_ANY_RD) {
                struct timespec64 mtime, atime, ctime;
                /* ctime/mtime/atime? */
                ceph_decode_timespec64(&mtime, &grant->mtime);
                ceph_decode_timespec64(&atime, &grant->atime);
                ceph_decode_timespec64(&ctime, &grant->ctime);
                ceph_fill_file_time(inode, extra_info->issued,
                                    le32_to_cpu(grant->time_warp_seq),
                                    &ctime, &mtime, &atime);
        }

        if ((newcaps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED) && extra_info->dirstat_valid) {
                ci->i_files = extra_info->nfiles;
                ci->i_subdirs = extra_info->nsubdirs;
        }

        if (newcaps & (CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_RD | CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR)) {
                /* file layout may have changed */
                s64 old_pool = ci->i_layout.pool_id;
                struct ceph_string *old_ns;

                ceph_file_layout_from_legacy(&ci->i_layout, &grant->layout);
                old_ns = rcu_dereference_protected(ci->i_layout.pool_ns,
                                        lockdep_is_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock));
                rcu_assign_pointer(ci->i_layout.pool_ns, extra_info->pool_ns);

                if (ci->i_layout.pool_id != old_pool ||
                    extra_info->pool_ns != old_ns)
                        ci->i_ceph_flags &= ~CEPH_I_POOL_PERM;

                extra_info->pool_ns = old_ns;

                /* size/truncate_seq? */
                queue_trunc = ceph_fill_file_size(inode, extra_info->issued,
                                        le32_to_cpu(grant->truncate_seq),
                                        le64_to_cpu(grant->truncate_size),
                                        size);
        }

        if (ci->i_auth_cap == cap && (newcaps & CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR)) {
                if (max_size != ci->i_max_size) {
                        dout("max_size %lld -> %llu\n",
                             ci->i_max_size, max_size);
                        ci->i_max_size = max_size;
                        if (max_size >= ci->i_wanted_max_size) {
                                ci->i_wanted_max_size = 0;  /* reset */
                                ci->i_requested_max_size = 0;
                        }
                        wake = true;
                }
        }

        /* check cap bits */
        wanted = __ceph_caps_wanted(ci);
        used = __ceph_caps_used(ci);
        dirty = __ceph_caps_dirty(ci);
        dout(" my wanted = %s, used = %s, dirty %s\n",
             ceph_cap_string(wanted),
             ceph_cap_string(used),
             ceph_cap_string(dirty));

        if ((was_stale || le32_to_cpu(grant->op) == CEPH_CAP_OP_IMPORT) &&
            (wanted & ~(cap->mds_wanted | newcaps))) {
                /*
                 * If mds is importing cap, prior cap messages that update
                 * 'wanted' may get dropped by mds (migrate seq mismatch).
                 *
                 * We don't send cap message to update 'wanted' if what we
                 * want are already issued. If mds revokes caps, cap message
                 * that releases caps also tells mds what we want. But if
                 * caps got revoked by mds forcedly (session stale). We may
                 * haven't told mds what we want.
                 */
                check_caps = 1;
        }

        /* revocation, grant, or no-op? */
        if (cap->issued & ~newcaps) {
                int revoking = cap->issued & ~newcaps;

                dout("revocation: %s -> %s (revoking %s)\n",
                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                     ceph_cap_string(newcaps),
                     ceph_cap_string(revoking));
                if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
                    (revoking & used & CEPH_CAP_FILE_BUFFER))
                        writeback = true;  /* initiate writeback; will delay ack */
                else if (queue_invalidate &&
                         revoking == CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE &&
                         (newcaps & CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO) == 0)
                        ; /* do nothing yet, invalidation will be queued */
                else if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap)
                        check_caps = 1; /* check auth cap only */
                else
                        check_caps = 2; /* check all caps */
                cap->issued = newcaps;
                cap->implemented |= newcaps;
        } else if (cap->issued == newcaps) {
                dout("caps unchanged: %s -> %s\n",
                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued), ceph_cap_string(newcaps));
        } else {
                dout("grant: %s -> %s\n", ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                     ceph_cap_string(newcaps));
                /* non-auth MDS is revoking the newly grant caps ? */
                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap &&
                    __ceph_caps_revoking_other(ci, cap, newcaps))
                    check_caps = 2;

                cap->issued = newcaps;
                cap->implemented |= newcaps; /* add bits only, to
                                              * avoid stepping on a
                                              * pending revocation */
                wake = true;
        }
        BUG_ON(cap->issued & ~cap->implemented);

        if (extra_info->inline_version > 0 &&
            extra_info->inline_version >= ci->i_inline_version) {
                ci->i_inline_version = extra_info->inline_version;
                if (ci->i_inline_version != CEPH_INLINE_NONE &&
                    (newcaps & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_CACHE|CEPH_CAP_FILE_LAZYIO)))
                        fill_inline = true;
        }

        if (le32_to_cpu(grant->op) == CEPH_CAP_OP_IMPORT) {
                if (ci->i_auth_cap == cap) {
                        if (newcaps & ~extra_info->issued)
                                wake = true;

                        if (ci->i_requested_max_size > max_size ||
                            !(le32_to_cpu(grant->wanted) & CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR)) {
                                /* re-request max_size if necessary */
                                ci->i_requested_max_size = 0;
                                wake = true;
                        }

                        ceph_kick_flushing_inode_caps(session, ci);
                }
                up_read(&session->s_mdsc->snap_rwsem);
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (fill_inline)
                ceph_fill_inline_data(inode, NULL, extra_info->inline_data,
                                      extra_info->inline_len);

        if (queue_trunc)
                ceph_queue_vmtruncate(inode);

        if (writeback)
                /*
                 * queue inode for writeback: we can't actually call
                 * filemap_write_and_wait, etc. from message handler
                 * context.
                 */
                ceph_queue_writeback(inode);
        if (queue_invalidate)
                ceph_queue_invalidate(inode);
        if (deleted_inode)
                invalidate_aliases(inode);
        if (wake)
                wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);

        mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
        if (check_caps == 1)
                ceph_check_caps(ci, CHECK_CAPS_AUTHONLY | CHECK_CAPS_NOINVAL,
                                session);
        else if (check_caps == 2)
                ceph_check_caps(ci, CHECK_CAPS_NOINVAL, session);
}

/*
 * Handle FLUSH_ACK from MDS, indicating that metadata we sent to the
 * MDS has been safely committed.
 */
static void handle_cap_flush_ack(struct inode *inode, u64 flush_tid,
                                 struct ceph_mds_caps *m,
                                 struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                                 struct ceph_cap *cap)
        __releases(ci->i_ceph_lock)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_cap_flush *cf, *tmp_cf;
        LIST_HEAD(to_remove);
        unsigned seq = le32_to_cpu(m->seq);
        int dirty = le32_to_cpu(m->dirty);
        int cleaned = 0;
        bool drop = false;
        bool wake_ci = false;
        bool wake_mdsc = false;

        list_for_each_entry_safe(cf, tmp_cf, &ci->i_cap_flush_list, i_list) {
                /* Is this the one that was flushed? */
                if (cf->tid == flush_tid)
                        cleaned = cf->caps;

                /* Is this a capsnap? */
                if (cf->is_capsnap)
                        continue;

                if (cf->tid <= flush_tid) {
                        /*
                         * An earlier or current tid. The FLUSH_ACK should
                         * represent a superset of this flush's caps.
                         */
                        wake_ci |= __detach_cap_flush_from_ci(ci, cf);
                        list_add_tail(&cf->i_list, &to_remove);
                } else {
                        /*
                         * This is a later one. Any caps in it are still dirty
                         * so don't count them as cleaned.
                         */
                        cleaned &= ~cf->caps;
                        if (!cleaned)
                                break;
                }
        }

        dout("handle_cap_flush_ack inode %p mds%d seq %d on %s cleaned %s,"
             " flushing %s -> %s\n",
             inode, session->s_mds, seq, ceph_cap_string(dirty),
             ceph_cap_string(cleaned), ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps),
             ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps & ~cleaned));

        if (list_empty(&to_remove) && !cleaned)
                goto out;

        ci->i_flushing_caps &= ~cleaned;

        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

        list_for_each_entry(cf, &to_remove, i_list)
                wake_mdsc |= __detach_cap_flush_from_mdsc(mdsc, cf);

        if (ci->i_flushing_caps == 0) {
                if (list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list)) {
                        list_del_init(&ci->i_flushing_item);
                        if (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_flushing)) {
                                dout(" mds%d still flushing cap on %p\n",
                                     session->s_mds,
                                     &list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_flushing,
                                                struct ceph_inode_info,
                                                i_flushing_item)->netfs.inode);
                        }
                }
                mdsc->num_cap_flushing--;
                dout(" inode %p now !flushing\n", inode);

                if (ci->i_dirty_caps == 0) {
                        dout(" inode %p now clean\n", inode);
                        BUG_ON(!list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item));
                        drop = true;
                        if (ci->i_wr_ref == 0 &&
                            ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head == 0) {
                                BUG_ON(!ci->i_head_snapc);
                                ceph_put_snap_context(ci->i_head_snapc);
                                ci->i_head_snapc = NULL;
                        }
                } else {
                        BUG_ON(list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item));
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

out:
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        while (!list_empty(&to_remove)) {
                cf = list_first_entry(&to_remove,
                                      struct ceph_cap_flush, i_list);
                list_del_init(&cf->i_list);
                if (!cf->is_capsnap)
                        ceph_free_cap_flush(cf);
        }

        if (wake_ci)
                wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
        if (wake_mdsc)
                wake_up_all(&mdsc->cap_flushing_wq);
        if (drop)
                iput(inode);
}

void __ceph_remove_capsnap(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap,
                           bool *wake_ci, bool *wake_mdsc)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        bool ret;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("removing capsnap %p, inode %p ci %p\n", capsnap, inode, ci);

        list_del_init(&capsnap->ci_item);
        ret = __detach_cap_flush_from_ci(ci, &capsnap->cap_flush);
        if (wake_ci)
                *wake_ci = ret;

        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        if (list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list))
                list_del_init(&ci->i_flushing_item);

        ret = __detach_cap_flush_from_mdsc(mdsc, &capsnap->cap_flush);
        if (wake_mdsc)
                *wake_mdsc = ret;
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
}

void ceph_remove_capsnap(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap,
                         bool *wake_ci, bool *wake_mdsc)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        WARN_ON_ONCE(capsnap->dirty_pages || capsnap->writing);
        __ceph_remove_capsnap(inode, capsnap, wake_ci, wake_mdsc);
}

/*
 * Handle FLUSHSNAP_ACK.  MDS has flushed snap data to disk and we can
 * throw away our cap_snap.
 *
 * Caller hold s_mutex.
 */
static void handle_cap_flushsnap_ack(struct inode *inode, u64 flush_tid,
                                     struct ceph_mds_caps *m,
                                     struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_client(inode->i_sb)->mdsc;
        u64 follows = le64_to_cpu(m->snap_follows);
        struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap = NULL, *iter;
        bool wake_ci = false;
        bool wake_mdsc = false;

        dout("handle_cap_flushsnap_ack inode %p ci %p mds%d follows %lld\n",
             inode, ci, session->s_mds, follows);

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        list_for_each_entry(iter, &ci->i_cap_snaps, ci_item) {
                if (iter->follows == follows) {
                        if (iter->cap_flush.tid != flush_tid) {
                                dout(" cap_snap %p follows %lld tid %lld !="
                                     " %lld\n", iter, follows,
                                     flush_tid, iter->cap_flush.tid);
                                break;
                        }
                        capsnap = iter;
                        break;
                } else {
                        dout(" skipping cap_snap %p follows %lld\n",
                             iter, iter->follows);
                }
        }
        if (capsnap)
                ceph_remove_capsnap(inode, capsnap, &wake_ci, &wake_mdsc);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        if (capsnap) {
                ceph_put_snap_context(capsnap->context);
                ceph_put_cap_snap(capsnap);
                if (wake_ci)
                        wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
                if (wake_mdsc)
                        wake_up_all(&mdsc->cap_flushing_wq);
                iput(inode);
        }
}

/*
 * Handle TRUNC from MDS, indicating file truncation.
 *
 * caller hold s_mutex.
 */
static bool handle_cap_trunc(struct inode *inode,
                             struct ceph_mds_caps *trunc,
                             struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int mds = session->s_mds;
        int seq = le32_to_cpu(trunc->seq);
        u32 truncate_seq = le32_to_cpu(trunc->truncate_seq);
        u64 truncate_size = le64_to_cpu(trunc->truncate_size);
        u64 size = le64_to_cpu(trunc->size);
        int implemented = 0;
        int dirty = __ceph_caps_dirty(ci);
        int issued = __ceph_caps_issued(ceph_inode(inode), &implemented);
        bool queue_trunc = false;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        issued |= implemented | dirty;

        dout("handle_cap_trunc inode %p mds%d seq %d to %lld seq %d\n",
             inode, mds, seq, truncate_size, truncate_seq);
        queue_trunc = ceph_fill_file_size(inode, issued,
                                          truncate_seq, truncate_size, size);
        return queue_trunc;
}

/*
 * Handle EXPORT from MDS.  Cap is being migrated _from_ this mds to a
 * different one.  If we are the most recent migration we've seen (as
 * indicated by mseq), make note of the migrating cap bits for the
 * duration (until we see the corresponding IMPORT).
 *
 * caller holds s_mutex
 */
static void handle_cap_export(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_mds_caps *ex,
                              struct ceph_mds_cap_peer *ph,
                              struct ceph_mds_session *session)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->mdsc;
        struct ceph_mds_session *tsession = NULL;
        struct ceph_cap *cap, *tcap, *new_cap = NULL;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        u64 t_cap_id;
        unsigned mseq = le32_to_cpu(ex->migrate_seq);
        unsigned t_seq, t_mseq;
        int target, issued;
        int mds = session->s_mds;

        if (ph) {
                t_cap_id = le64_to_cpu(ph->cap_id);
                t_seq = le32_to_cpu(ph->seq);
                t_mseq = le32_to_cpu(ph->mseq);
                target = le32_to_cpu(ph->mds);
        } else {
                t_cap_id = t_seq = t_mseq = 0;
                target = -1;
        }

        dout("handle_cap_export inode %p ci %p mds%d mseq %d target %d\n",
             inode, ci, mds, mseq, target);
retry:
        down_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, mds);
        if (!cap || cap->cap_id != le64_to_cpu(ex->cap_id))
                goto out_unlock;

        if (target < 0) {
                ceph_remove_cap(cap, false);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        /*
         * now we know we haven't received the cap import message yet
         * because the exported cap still exist.
         */

        issued = cap->issued;
        if (issued != cap->implemented)
                pr_err_ratelimited("handle_cap_export: issued != implemented: "
                                "ino (%llx.%llx) mds%d seq %d mseq %d "
                                "issued %s implemented %s\n",
                                ceph_vinop(inode), mds, cap->seq, cap->mseq,
                                ceph_cap_string(issued),
                                ceph_cap_string(cap->implemented));


        tcap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, target);
        if (tcap) {
                /* already have caps from the target */
                if (tcap->cap_id == t_cap_id &&
                    ceph_seq_cmp(tcap->seq, t_seq) < 0) {
                        dout(" updating import cap %p mds%d\n", tcap, target);
                        tcap->cap_id = t_cap_id;
                        tcap->seq = t_seq - 1;
                        tcap->issue_seq = t_seq - 1;
                        tcap->issued |= issued;
                        tcap->implemented |= issued;
                        if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap) {
                                ci->i_auth_cap = tcap;
                                change_auth_cap_ses(ci, tcap->session);
                        }
                }
                ceph_remove_cap(cap, false);
                goto out_unlock;
        } else if (tsession) {
                /* add placeholder for the export tagert */
                int flag = (cap == ci->i_auth_cap) ? CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH : 0;
                tcap = new_cap;
                ceph_add_cap(inode, tsession, t_cap_id, issued, 0,
                             t_seq - 1, t_mseq, (u64)-1, flag, &new_cap);

                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list) &&
                    ci->i_auth_cap == tcap) {
                        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                        list_move_tail(&ci->i_flushing_item,
                                       &tcap->session->s_cap_flushing);
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                }

                ceph_remove_cap(cap, false);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
        mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);

        /* open target session */
        tsession = ceph_mdsc_open_export_target_session(mdsc, target);
        if (!IS_ERR(tsession)) {
                if (mds > target) {
                        mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
                        mutex_lock_nested(&tsession->s_mutex,
                                          SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
                } else {
                        mutex_lock(&tsession->s_mutex);
                        mutex_lock_nested(&session->s_mutex,
                                          SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
                }
                new_cap = ceph_get_cap(mdsc, NULL);
        } else {
                WARN_ON(1);
                tsession = NULL;
                target = -1;
                mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
        }
        goto retry;

out_unlock:
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
        mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
        if (tsession) {
                mutex_unlock(&tsession->s_mutex);
                ceph_put_mds_session(tsession);
        }
        if (new_cap)
                ceph_put_cap(mdsc, new_cap);
}

/*
 * Handle cap IMPORT.
 *
 * caller holds s_mutex. acquires i_ceph_lock
 */
static void handle_cap_import(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
                              struct inode *inode, struct ceph_mds_caps *im,
                              struct ceph_mds_cap_peer *ph,
                              struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                              struct ceph_cap **target_cap, int *old_issued)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_cap *cap, *ocap, *new_cap = NULL;
        int mds = session->s_mds;
        int issued;
        unsigned caps = le32_to_cpu(im->caps);
        unsigned wanted = le32_to_cpu(im->wanted);
        unsigned seq = le32_to_cpu(im->seq);
        unsigned mseq = le32_to_cpu(im->migrate_seq);
        u64 realmino = le64_to_cpu(im->realm);
        u64 cap_id = le64_to_cpu(im->cap_id);
        u64 p_cap_id;
        int peer;

        if (ph) {
                p_cap_id = le64_to_cpu(ph->cap_id);
                peer = le32_to_cpu(ph->mds);
        } else {
                p_cap_id = 0;
                peer = -1;
        }

        dout("handle_cap_import inode %p ci %p mds%d mseq %d peer %d\n",
             inode, ci, mds, mseq, peer);
retry:
        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, mds);
        if (!cap) {
                if (!new_cap) {
                        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        new_cap = ceph_get_cap(mdsc, NULL);
                        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                        goto retry;
                }
                cap = new_cap;
        } else {
                if (new_cap) {
                        ceph_put_cap(mdsc, new_cap);
                        new_cap = NULL;
                }
        }

        __ceph_caps_issued(ci, &issued);
        issued |= __ceph_caps_dirty(ci);

        ceph_add_cap(inode, session, cap_id, caps, wanted, seq, mseq,
                     realmino, CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH, &new_cap);

        ocap = peer >= 0 ? __get_cap_for_mds(ci, peer) : NULL;
        if (ocap && ocap->cap_id == p_cap_id) {
                dout(" remove export cap %p mds%d flags %d\n",
                     ocap, peer, ph->flags);
                if ((ph->flags & CEPH_CAP_FLAG_AUTH) &&
                    (ocap->seq != le32_to_cpu(ph->seq) ||
                     ocap->mseq != le32_to_cpu(ph->mseq))) {
                        pr_err_ratelimited("handle_cap_import: "
                                        "mismatched seq/mseq: ino (%llx.%llx) "
                                        "mds%d seq %d mseq %d importer mds%d "
                                        "has peer seq %d mseq %d\n",
                                        ceph_vinop(inode), peer, ocap->seq,
                                        ocap->mseq, mds, le32_to_cpu(ph->seq),
                                        le32_to_cpu(ph->mseq));
                }
                ceph_remove_cap(ocap, (ph->flags & CEPH_CAP_FLAG_RELEASE));
        }

        *old_issued = issued;
        *target_cap = cap;
}

/*
 * Handle a caps message from the MDS.
 *
 * Identify the appropriate session, inode, and call the right handler
 * based on the cap op.
 */
void ceph_handle_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
                      struct ceph_msg *msg)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = session->s_mdsc;
        struct inode *inode;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct ceph_mds_caps *h;
        struct ceph_mds_cap_peer *peer = NULL;
        struct ceph_snap_realm *realm = NULL;
        int op;
        int msg_version = le16_to_cpu(msg->hdr.version);
        u32 seq, mseq;
        struct ceph_vino vino;
        void *snaptrace;
        size_t snaptrace_len;
        void *p, *end;
        struct cap_extra_info extra_info = {};
        bool queue_trunc;

        dout("handle_caps from mds%d\n", session->s_mds);

        /* decode */
        end = msg->front.iov_base + msg->front.iov_len;
        if (msg->front.iov_len < sizeof(*h))
                goto bad;
        h = msg->front.iov_base;
        op = le32_to_cpu(h->op);
        vino.ino = le64_to_cpu(h->ino);
        vino.snap = CEPH_NOSNAP;
        seq = le32_to_cpu(h->seq);
        mseq = le32_to_cpu(h->migrate_seq);

        snaptrace = h + 1;
        snaptrace_len = le32_to_cpu(h->snap_trace_len);
        p = snaptrace + snaptrace_len;

        if (msg_version >= 2) {
                u32 flock_len;
                ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, flock_len, bad);
                if (p + flock_len > end)
                        goto bad;
                p += flock_len;
        }

        if (msg_version >= 3) {
                if (op == CEPH_CAP_OP_IMPORT) {
                        if (p + sizeof(*peer) > end)
                                goto bad;
                        peer = p;
                        p += sizeof(*peer);
                } else if (op == CEPH_CAP_OP_EXPORT) {
                        /* recorded in unused fields */
                        peer = (void *)&h->size;
                }
        }

        if (msg_version >= 4) {
                ceph_decode_64_safe(&p, end, extra_info.inline_version, bad);
                ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, extra_info.inline_len, bad);
                if (p + extra_info.inline_len > end)
                        goto bad;
                extra_info.inline_data = p;
                p += extra_info.inline_len;
        }

        if (msg_version >= 5) {
                struct ceph_osd_client  *osdc = &mdsc->fsc->client->osdc;
                u32                     epoch_barrier;

                ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, epoch_barrier, bad);
                ceph_osdc_update_epoch_barrier(osdc, epoch_barrier);
        }

        if (msg_version >= 8) {
                u32 pool_ns_len;

                /* version >= 6 */
                ceph_decode_skip_64(&p, end, bad);      // flush_tid
                /* version >= 7 */
                ceph_decode_skip_32(&p, end, bad);      // caller_uid
                ceph_decode_skip_32(&p, end, bad);      // caller_gid
                /* version >= 8 */
                ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, pool_ns_len, bad);
                if (pool_ns_len > 0) {
                        ceph_decode_need(&p, end, pool_ns_len, bad);
                        extra_info.pool_ns =
                                ceph_find_or_create_string(p, pool_ns_len);
                        p += pool_ns_len;
                }
        }

        if (msg_version >= 9) {
                struct ceph_timespec *btime;

                if (p + sizeof(*btime) > end)
                        goto bad;
                btime = p;
                ceph_decode_timespec64(&extra_info.btime, btime);
                p += sizeof(*btime);
                ceph_decode_64_safe(&p, end, extra_info.change_attr, bad);
        }

        if (msg_version >= 11) {
                /* version >= 10 */
                ceph_decode_skip_32(&p, end, bad); // flags
                /* version >= 11 */
                extra_info.dirstat_valid = true;
                ceph_decode_64_safe(&p, end, extra_info.nfiles, bad);
                ceph_decode_64_safe(&p, end, extra_info.nsubdirs, bad);
        }

        /* lookup ino */
        inode = ceph_find_inode(mdsc->fsc->sb, vino);
        dout(" op %s ino %llx.%llx inode %p\n", ceph_cap_op_name(op), vino.ino,
             vino.snap, inode);

        mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
        inc_session_sequence(session);
        dout(" mds%d seq %lld cap seq %u\n", session->s_mds, session->s_seq,
             (unsigned)seq);

        if (!inode) {
                dout(" i don't have ino %llx\n", vino.ino);

                if (op == CEPH_CAP_OP_IMPORT) {
                        cap = ceph_get_cap(mdsc, NULL);
                        cap->cap_ino = vino.ino;
                        cap->queue_release = 1;
                        cap->cap_id = le64_to_cpu(h->cap_id);
                        cap->mseq = mseq;
                        cap->seq = seq;
                        cap->issue_seq = seq;
                        spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
                        __ceph_queue_cap_release(session, cap);
                        spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
                }
                goto flush_cap_releases;
        }
        ci = ceph_inode(inode);

        /* these will work even if we don't have a cap yet */
        switch (op) {
        case CEPH_CAP_OP_FLUSHSNAP_ACK:
                handle_cap_flushsnap_ack(inode, le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.tid),
                                         h, session);
                goto done;

        case CEPH_CAP_OP_EXPORT:
                handle_cap_export(inode, h, peer, session);
                goto done_unlocked;

        case CEPH_CAP_OP_IMPORT:
                realm = NULL;
                if (snaptrace_len) {
                        down_write(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
                        ceph_update_snap_trace(mdsc, snaptrace,
                                               snaptrace + snaptrace_len,
                                               false, &realm);
                        downgrade_write(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
                } else {
                        down_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
                }
                spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                handle_cap_import(mdsc, inode, h, peer, session,
                                  &cap, &extra_info.issued);
                handle_cap_grant(inode, session, cap,
                                 h, msg->middle, &extra_info);
                if (realm)
                        ceph_put_snap_realm(mdsc, realm);
                goto done_unlocked;
        }

        /* the rest require a cap */
        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ceph_inode(inode), session->s_mds);
        if (!cap) {
                dout(" no cap on %p ino %llx.%llx from mds%d\n",
                     inode, ceph_ino(inode), ceph_snap(inode),
                     session->s_mds);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                goto flush_cap_releases;
        }

        /* note that each of these drops i_ceph_lock for us */
        switch (op) {
        case CEPH_CAP_OP_REVOKE:
        case CEPH_CAP_OP_GRANT:
                __ceph_caps_issued(ci, &extra_info.issued);
                extra_info.issued |= __ceph_caps_dirty(ci);
                handle_cap_grant(inode, session, cap,
                                 h, msg->middle, &extra_info);
                goto done_unlocked;

        case CEPH_CAP_OP_FLUSH_ACK:
                handle_cap_flush_ack(inode, le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.tid),
                                     h, session, cap);
                break;

        case CEPH_CAP_OP_TRUNC:
                queue_trunc = handle_cap_trunc(inode, h, session);
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                if (queue_trunc)
                        ceph_queue_vmtruncate(inode);
                break;

        default:
                spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
                pr_err("ceph_handle_caps: unknown cap op %d %s\n", op,
                       ceph_cap_op_name(op));
        }

done:
        mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
done_unlocked:
        iput(inode);
out:
        ceph_put_string(extra_info.pool_ns);
        return;

flush_cap_releases:
        /*
         * send any cap release message to try to move things
         * along for the mds (who clearly thinks we still have this
         * cap).
         */
        ceph_flush_cap_releases(mdsc, session);
        goto done;

bad:
        pr_err("ceph_handle_caps: corrupt message\n");
        ceph_msg_dump(msg);
        goto out;
}

/*
 * Delayed work handler to process end of delayed cap release LRU list.
 *
 * If new caps are added to the list while processing it, these won't get
 * processed in this run.  In this case, the ci->i_hold_caps_max will be
 * returned so that the work can be scheduled accordingly.
 */
unsigned long ceph_check_delayed_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
{
        struct inode *inode;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
        struct ceph_mount_options *opt = mdsc->fsc->mount_options;
        unsigned long delay_max = opt->caps_wanted_delay_max * HZ;
        unsigned long loop_start = jiffies;
        unsigned long delay = 0;

        dout("check_delayed_caps\n");
        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
        while (!list_empty(&mdsc->cap_delay_list)) {
                ci = list_first_entry(&mdsc->cap_delay_list,
                                      struct ceph_inode_info,
                                      i_cap_delay_list);
                if (time_before(loop_start, ci->i_hold_caps_max - delay_max)) {
                        dout("%s caps added recently.  Exiting loop", __func__);
                        delay = ci->i_hold_caps_max;
                        break;
                }
                if ((ci->i_ceph_flags & CEPH_I_FLUSH) == 0 &&
                    time_before(jiffies, ci->i_hold_caps_max))
                        break;
                list_del_init(&ci->i_cap_delay_list);

                inode = igrab(&ci->netfs.inode);
                if (inode) {
                        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
                        dout("check_delayed_caps on %p\n", inode);
                        ceph_check_caps(ci, 0, NULL);
                        iput(inode);
                        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);

        return delay;
}

/*
 * Flush all dirty caps to the mds
 */
static void flush_dirty_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *s)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = s->s_mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
        struct inode *inode;

        dout("flush_dirty_caps\n");
        spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        while (!list_empty(&s->s_cap_dirty)) {
                ci = list_first_entry(&s->s_cap_dirty, struct ceph_inode_info,
                                      i_dirty_item);
                inode = &ci->netfs.inode;
                ihold(inode);
                dout("flush_dirty_caps %llx.%llx\n", ceph_vinop(inode));
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
                ceph_wait_on_async_create(inode);
                ceph_check_caps(ci, CHECK_CAPS_FLUSH, NULL);
                iput(inode);
                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        }
        spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
        dout("flush_dirty_caps done\n");
}

void ceph_flush_dirty_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
{
        ceph_mdsc_iterate_sessions(mdsc, flush_dirty_session_caps, true);
}

void __ceph_touch_fmode(struct ceph_inode_info *ci,
                        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int fmode)
{
        unsigned long now = jiffies;
        if (fmode & CEPH_FILE_MODE_RD)
                ci->i_last_rd = now;
        if (fmode & CEPH_FILE_MODE_WR)
                ci->i_last_wr = now;
        /* queue periodic check */
        if (fmode &&
            __ceph_is_any_real_caps(ci) &&
            list_empty(&ci->i_cap_delay_list))
                __cap_delay_requeue(mdsc, ci);
}

void ceph_get_fmode(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int fmode, int count)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_mdsc(ci->netfs.inode.i_sb);
        int bits = (fmode << 1) | 1;
        bool already_opened = false;
        int i;

        if (count == 1)
                atomic64_inc(&mdsc->metric.opened_files);

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        for (i = 0; i < CEPH_FILE_MODE_BITS; i++) {
                /*
                 * If any of the mode ref is larger than 0,
                 * that means it has been already opened by
                 * others. Just skip checking the PIN ref.
                 */
                if (i && ci->i_nr_by_mode[i])
                        already_opened = true;

                if (bits & (1 << i))
                        ci->i_nr_by_mode[i] += count;
        }

        if (!already_opened)
                percpu_counter_inc(&mdsc->metric.opened_inodes);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
}

/*
 * Drop open file reference.  If we were the last open file,
 * we may need to release capabilities to the MDS (or schedule
 * their delayed release).
 */
void ceph_put_fmode(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int fmode, int count)
{
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = ceph_sb_to_mdsc(ci->netfs.inode.i_sb);
        int bits = (fmode << 1) | 1;
        bool is_closed = true;
        int i;

        if (count == 1)
                atomic64_dec(&mdsc->metric.opened_files);

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        for (i = 0; i < CEPH_FILE_MODE_BITS; i++) {
                if (bits & (1 << i)) {
                        BUG_ON(ci->i_nr_by_mode[i] < count);
                        ci->i_nr_by_mode[i] -= count;
                }

                /*
                 * If any of the mode ref is not 0 after
                 * decreased, that means it is still opened
                 * by others. Just skip checking the PIN ref.
                 */
                if (i && ci->i_nr_by_mode[i])
                        is_closed = false;
        }

        if (is_closed)
                percpu_counter_dec(&mdsc->metric.opened_inodes);
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
}

/*
 * For a soon-to-be unlinked file, drop the LINK caps. If it
 * looks like the link count will hit 0, drop any other caps (other
 * than PIN) we don't specifically want (due to the file still being
 * open).
 */
int ceph_drop_caps_for_unlink(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        int drop = CEPH_CAP_LINK_SHARED | CEPH_CAP_LINK_EXCL;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        if (inode->i_nlink == 1) {
                drop |= ~(__ceph_caps_wanted(ci) | CEPH_CAP_PIN);

                if (__ceph_caps_dirty(ci)) {
                        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc =
                                ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->mdsc;
                        __cap_delay_requeue_front(mdsc, ci);
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        return drop;
}

/*
 * Helpers for embedding cap and dentry lease releases into mds
 * requests.
 *
 * @force is used by dentry_release (below) to force inclusion of a
 * record for the directory inode, even when there aren't any caps to
 * drop.
 */
int ceph_encode_inode_release(void **p, struct inode *inode,
                              int mds, int drop, int unless, int force)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_cap *cap;
        struct ceph_mds_request_release *rel = *p;
        int used, dirty;
        int ret = 0;

        spin_lock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        used = __ceph_caps_used(ci);
        dirty = __ceph_caps_dirty(ci);

        dout("encode_inode_release %p mds%d used|dirty %s drop %s unless %s\n",
             inode, mds, ceph_cap_string(used|dirty), ceph_cap_string(drop),
             ceph_cap_string(unless));

        /* only drop unused, clean caps */
        drop &= ~(used | dirty);

        cap = __get_cap_for_mds(ci, mds);
        if (cap && __cap_is_valid(cap)) {
                unless &= cap->issued;
                if (unless) {
                        if (unless & CEPH_CAP_AUTH_EXCL)
                                drop &= ~CEPH_CAP_AUTH_SHARED;
                        if (unless & CEPH_CAP_LINK_EXCL)
                                drop &= ~CEPH_CAP_LINK_SHARED;
                        if (unless & CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL)
                                drop &= ~CEPH_CAP_XATTR_SHARED;
                        if (unless & CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL)
                                drop &= ~CEPH_CAP_FILE_SHARED;
                }

                if (force || (cap->issued & drop)) {
                        if (cap->issued & drop) {
                                int wanted = __ceph_caps_wanted(ci);
                                dout("encode_inode_release %p cap %p "
                                     "%s -> %s, wanted %s -> %s\n", inode, cap,
                                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued),
                                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued & ~drop),
                                     ceph_cap_string(cap->mds_wanted),
                                     ceph_cap_string(wanted));

                                cap->issued &= ~drop;
                                cap->implemented &= ~drop;
                                cap->mds_wanted = wanted;
                                if (cap == ci->i_auth_cap &&
                                    !(wanted & CEPH_CAP_ANY_FILE_WR))
                                        ci->i_requested_max_size = 0;
                        } else {
                                dout("encode_inode_release %p cap %p %s"
                                     " (force)\n", inode, cap,
                                     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued));
                        }

                        rel->ino = cpu_to_le64(ceph_ino(inode));
                        rel->cap_id = cpu_to_le64(cap->cap_id);
                        rel->seq = cpu_to_le32(cap->seq);
                        rel->issue_seq = cpu_to_le32(cap->issue_seq);
                        rel->mseq = cpu_to_le32(cap->mseq);
                        rel->caps = cpu_to_le32(cap->implemented);
                        rel->wanted = cpu_to_le32(cap->mds_wanted);
                        rel->dname_len = 0;
                        rel->dname_seq = 0;
                        *p += sizeof(*rel);
                        ret = 1;
                } else {
                        dout("encode_inode_release %p cap %p %s (noop)\n",
                             inode, cap, ceph_cap_string(cap->issued));
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
        return ret;
}

int ceph_encode_dentry_release(void **p, struct dentry *dentry,
                               struct inode *dir,
                               int mds, int drop, int unless)
{
        struct dentry *parent = NULL;
        struct ceph_mds_request_release *rel = *p;
        struct ceph_dentry_info *di = ceph_dentry(dentry);
        int force = 0;
        int ret;

        /*
         * force an record for the directory caps if we have a dentry lease.
         * this is racy (can't take i_ceph_lock and d_lock together), but it
         * doesn't have to be perfect; the mds will revoke anything we don't
         * release.
         */
        spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
        if (di->lease_session && di->lease_session->s_mds == mds)
                force = 1;
        if (!dir) {
                parent = dget(dentry->d_parent);
                dir = d_inode(parent);
        }
        spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);

        ret = ceph_encode_inode_release(p, dir, mds, drop, unless, force);
        dput(parent);

        spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
        if (ret && di->lease_session && di->lease_session->s_mds == mds) {
                dout("encode_dentry_release %p mds%d seq %d\n",
                     dentry, mds, (int)di->lease_seq);
                rel->dname_len = cpu_to_le32(dentry->d_name.len);
                memcpy(*p, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len);
                *p += dentry->d_name.len;
                rel->dname_seq = cpu_to_le32(di->lease_seq);
                __ceph_mdsc_drop_dentry_lease(dentry);
        }
        spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
        return ret;
}

static int remove_capsnaps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct inode *inode)
{
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        struct ceph_cap_snap *capsnap;
        int capsnap_release = 0;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("removing capsnaps, ci is %p, inode is %p\n", ci, inode);

        while (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_snaps)) {
                capsnap = list_first_entry(&ci->i_cap_snaps,
                                           struct ceph_cap_snap, ci_item);
                __ceph_remove_capsnap(inode, capsnap, NULL, NULL);
                ceph_put_snap_context(capsnap->context);
                ceph_put_cap_snap(capsnap);
                capsnap_release++;
        }
        wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
        wake_up_all(&mdsc->cap_flushing_wq);
        return capsnap_release;
}

int ceph_purge_inode_cap(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap *cap, bool *invalidate)
{
        struct ceph_fs_client *fsc = ceph_inode_to_client(inode);
        struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = fsc->mdsc;
        struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
        bool is_auth;
        bool dirty_dropped = false;
        int iputs = 0;

        lockdep_assert_held(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

        dout("removing cap %p, ci is %p, inode is %p\n",
             cap, ci, &ci->netfs.inode);

        is_auth = (cap == ci->i_auth_cap);
        __ceph_remove_cap(cap, false);
        if (is_auth) {
                struct ceph_cap_flush *cf;

                if (ceph_inode_is_shutdown(inode)) {
                        if (inode->i_data.nrpages > 0)
                                *invalidate = true;
                        if (ci->i_wrbuffer_ref > 0)
                                mapping_set_error(&inode->i_data, -EIO);
                }

                spin_lock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

                /* trash all of the cap flushes for this inode */
                while (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_flush_list)) {
                        cf = list_first_entry(&ci->i_cap_flush_list,
                                              struct ceph_cap_flush, i_list);
                        list_del_init(&cf->g_list);
                        list_del_init(&cf->i_list);
                        if (!cf->is_capsnap)
                                ceph_free_cap_flush(cf);
                }

                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_dirty_item)) {
                        pr_warn_ratelimited(
                                " dropping dirty %s state for %p %lld\n",
                                ceph_cap_string(ci->i_dirty_caps),
                                inode, ceph_ino(inode));
                        ci->i_dirty_caps = 0;
                        list_del_init(&ci->i_dirty_item);
                        dirty_dropped = true;
                }
                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_flushing_item)) {
                        pr_warn_ratelimited(
                                " dropping dirty+flushing %s state for %p %lld\n",
                                ceph_cap_string(ci->i_flushing_caps),
                                inode, ceph_ino(inode));
                        ci->i_flushing_caps = 0;
                        list_del_init(&ci->i_flushing_item);
                        mdsc->num_cap_flushing--;
                        dirty_dropped = true;
                }
                spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);

                if (dirty_dropped) {
                        mapping_set_error(inode->i_mapping, -EIO);

                        if (ci->i_wrbuffer_ref_head == 0 &&
                            ci->i_wr_ref == 0 &&
                            ci->i_dirty_caps == 0 &&
                            ci->i_flushing_caps == 0) {
                                ceph_put_snap_context(ci->i_head_snapc);
                                ci->i_head_snapc = NULL;
                        }
                }

                if (atomic_read(&ci->i_filelock_ref) > 0) {
                        /* make further file lock syscall return -EIO */
                        ci->i_ceph_flags |= CEPH_I_ERROR_FILELOCK;
                        pr_warn_ratelimited(" dropping file locks for %p %lld\n",
                                            inode, ceph_ino(inode));
                }

                if (!ci->i_dirty_caps && ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush) {
                        cf = ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush;
                        ci->i_prealloc_cap_flush = NULL;
                        if (!cf->is_capsnap)
                                ceph_free_cap_flush(cf);
                }

                if (!list_empty(&ci->i_cap_snaps))
                        iputs = remove_capsnaps(mdsc, inode);
        }
        if (dirty_dropped)
                ++iputs;
        return iputs;
}