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1 /*
2 * linux/include/linux/mtd/nand.h
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2000 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
6 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
7 *
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 *
12 * Info:
13 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
14 *
15 * Changelog:
16 * See git changelog.
17 */
18 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
19 #define __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
20
21 /* XXX U-BOOT XXX */
22 #if 0
23 #include <linux/wait.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
26 #endif
27
28 #include "config.h"
29
30 #include "linux/mtd/compat.h"
31 #include "linux/mtd/mtd.h"
32 #include "linux/mtd/bbm.h"
33
34
35 struct mtd_info;
36 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
37 extern int nand_scan (struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
38 /* Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene
39 * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type */
40 extern int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
41 extern int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd);
42
43 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
44 extern void nand_release (struct mtd_info *mtd);
45
46 /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */
47 extern void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd);
48
49 /* This constant declares the max. oobsize / page, which
50 * is supported now. If you add a chip with bigger oobsize/page
51 * adjust this accordingly.
52 */
53 #define NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE 128
54 #define NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE 4096
55
56 /*
57 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
58 *
59 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
60 * bits in one go.
61 */
62 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
63 #define NAND_NCE 0x01
64 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
65 #define NAND_CLE 0x02
66 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
67 #define NAND_ALE 0x04
68
69 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
70 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
71 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
72
73 /*
74 * Standard NAND flash commands
75 */
76 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
77 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
78 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5
79 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
80 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
81 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
82 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
83 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
84 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
85 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85
86 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
87 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
88 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
89
90 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
91 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
92 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0
93 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
94
95 /* Extended commands for AG-AND device */
96 /*
97 * Note: the command for NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 is really 0x00 but
98 * there is no way to distinguish that from NAND_CMD_READ0
99 * until the remaining sequence of commands has been completed
100 * so add a high order bit and mask it off in the command.
101 */
102 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 0x100
103 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE2 0x38
104 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
105 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR 0x72
106 /* multi-bank error status (banks 0-3) */
107 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR0 0x73
108 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR1 0x74
109 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR2 0x75
110 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR3 0x76
111 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_RESET 0x7f
112 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_CLEAR 0xff
113
114 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
115
116 /* Status bits */
117 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
118 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
119 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
120 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
121 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
122
123 /*
124 * Constants for ECC_MODES
125 */
126 typedef enum {
127 NAND_ECC_NONE,
128 NAND_ECC_SOFT,
129 NAND_ECC_HW,
130 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
131 } nand_ecc_modes_t;
132
133 /*
134 * Constants for Hardware ECC
135 */
136 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
137 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
138 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
139 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
140 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrom is read back from flash */
141 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
142
143 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
144 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
145
146
147 /* Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
148 * features
149 */
150 /* Chip can not auto increment pages */
151 #define NAND_NO_AUTOINCR 0x00000001
152 /* Buswitdh is 16 bit */
153 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
154 /* Device supports partial programming without padding */
155 #define NAND_NO_PADDING 0x00000004
156 /* Chip has cache program function */
157 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
158 /* Chip has copy back function */
159 #define NAND_COPYBACK 0x00000010
160 /* AND Chip which has 4 banks and a confusing page / block
161 * assignment. See Renesas datasheet for further information */
162 #define NAND_IS_AND 0x00000020
163 /* Chip has a array of 4 pages which can be read without
164 * additional ready /busy waits */
165 #define NAND_4PAGE_ARRAY 0x00000040
166 /* Chip requires that BBT is periodically rewritten to prevent
167 * bits from adjacent blocks from 'leaking' in altering data.
168 * This happens with the Renesas AG-AND chips, possibly others. */
169 #define BBT_AUTO_REFRESH 0x00000080
170 /* Chip does not require ready check on read. True
171 * for all large page devices, as they do not support
172 * autoincrement.*/
173 #define NAND_NO_READRDY 0x00000100
174 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */
175 #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200
176
177
178 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
179 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS \
180 (NAND_NO_PADDING | NAND_CACHEPRG | NAND_COPYBACK)
181
182 /* Macros to identify the above */
183 #define NAND_CANAUTOINCR(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_AUTOINCR))
184 #define NAND_MUST_PAD(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_PADDING))
185 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
186 #define NAND_HAS_COPYBACK(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_COPYBACK))
187 /* Large page NAND with SOFT_ECC should support subpage reads */
188 #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->ecc.mode == NAND_ECC_SOFT) \
189 && (chip->page_shift > 9))
190
191 /* Mask to zero out the chip options, which come from the id table */
192 #define NAND_CHIPOPTIONS_MSK (0x0000ffff & ~NAND_NO_AUTOINCR)
193
194 /* Non chip related options */
195 /* Use a flash based bad block table. This option is passed to the
196 * default bad block table function. */
197 #define NAND_USE_FLASH_BBT 0x00010000
198 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
199 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00020000
200 /* This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers
201 (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent */
202 #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00040000
203 /* Options set by nand scan */
204 /* bbt has already been read */
205 #define NAND_BBT_SCANNED 0x40000000
206 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
207 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
208
209 /* Cell info constants */
210 #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03
211 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C
212
213 /* Keep gcc happy */
214 struct nand_chip;
215
216 /**
217 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices
218 * @lock: protection lock
219 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
220 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
221 * used instead of the per chip wait queue when a hw controller is available
222 */
223 struct nand_hw_control {
224 /* XXX U-BOOT XXX */
225 #if 0
226 spinlock_t lock;
227 wait_queue_head_t wq;
228 #endif
229 struct nand_chip *active;
230 };
231
232 /**
233 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ecc
234 * @mode: ecc mode
235 * @steps: number of ecc steps per page
236 * @size: data bytes per ecc step
237 * @bytes: ecc bytes per step
238 * @total: total number of ecc bytes per page
239 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
240 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
241 * @layout: ECC layout control struct pointer
242 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ecc generator. Must only
243 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
244 * @calculate: function for ecc calculation or readback from ecc hardware
245 * @correct: function for ecc correction, matching to ecc generator (sw/hw)
246 * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC
247 * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC
248 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ecc generator requirements
249 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ecc generator requirements
250 * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data
251 * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data
252 */
253 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
254 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
255 int steps;
256 int size;
257 int bytes;
258 int total;
259 int prepad;
260 int postpad;
261 struct nand_ecclayout *layout;
262 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
263 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
264 const uint8_t *dat,
265 uint8_t *ecc_code);
266 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat,
267 uint8_t *read_ecc,
268 uint8_t *calc_ecc);
269 int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
270 struct nand_chip *chip,
271 uint8_t *buf);
272 void (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
273 struct nand_chip *chip,
274 const uint8_t *buf);
275 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
276 struct nand_chip *chip,
277 uint8_t *buf);
278 int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
279 struct nand_chip *chip,
280 uint32_t offs, uint32_t len,
281 uint8_t *buf);
282 void (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
283 struct nand_chip *chip,
284 const uint8_t *buf);
285 int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
286 struct nand_chip *chip,
287 int page,
288 int sndcmd);
289 int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
290 struct nand_chip *chip,
291 int page);
292 };
293
294 /**
295 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
296 * @ecccalc: buffer for calculated ecc
297 * @ecccode: buffer for ecc read from flash
298 * @databuf: buffer for data - dynamically sized
299 *
300 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
301 * consecutive order.
302 */
303 struct nand_buffers {
304 uint8_t ecccalc[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
305 uint8_t ecccode[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
306 uint8_t databuf[NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE + NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
307 };
308
309 /**
310 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
311 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
312 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
313 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
314 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
315 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
316 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
317 * @verify_buf: [REPLACEABLE] verify buffer contents against the chip data
318 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
319 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check, if the block is bad
320 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark the block bad
321 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific funtion for controlling
322 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
323 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accesing device ready/busy line
324 * If set to NULL no access to ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
325 * is read from the chip status register
326 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing commands to the chip
327 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on ready
328 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ecc control ctructure
329 * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write
330 * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure
331 * @ops: oob operation operands
332 * @erase_cmd: [INTERN] erase command write function, selectable due to AND support
333 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
334 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transfering data from array to read regs (tR)
335 * @wq: [INTERN] wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
336 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
337 * @oob_poi: poison value buffer
338 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column address bits)
339 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
340 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
341 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
342 * @datbuf: [INTERN] internal buffer for one page + oob
343 * @oobbuf: [INTERN] oob buffer for one eraseblock
344 * @oobdirty: [INTERN] indicates that oob_buf must be reinitialized
345 * @data_poi: [INTERN] pointer to a data buffer
346 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly be set to inform nand_scan about
347 * special functionality. See the defines for further explanation
348 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob area
349 * @cellinfo: [INTERN] MLC/multichip data from chip ident
350 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
351 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
352 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
353 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in data_buf
354 * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize
355 * @ecclayout: [REPLACEABLE] the default ecc placement scheme
356 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
357 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash lookup
358 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
359 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial bad block scan
360 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller structure
361 * which is shared among multiple independend devices
362 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip date
363 * @errstat: [OPTIONAL] hardware specific function to perform additional error status checks
364 * (determine if errors are correctable)
365 * @write_page: [REPLACEABLE] High-level page write function
366 */
367
368 struct nand_chip {
369 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
370 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
371
372 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
373 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
374 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
375 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
376 int (*verify_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
377 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
378 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, int getchip);
379 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
380 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat,
381 unsigned int ctrl);
382 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
383 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column, int page_addr);
384 int (*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this);
385 void (*erase_cmd)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
386 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
387 int (*errstat)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, int state, int status, int page);
388 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
389 const uint8_t *buf, int page, int cached, int raw);
390
391 int chip_delay;
392 unsigned int options;
393
394 int page_shift;
395 int phys_erase_shift;
396 int bbt_erase_shift;
397 int chip_shift;
398 int numchips;
399 unsigned long chipsize;
400 int pagemask;
401 int pagebuf;
402 int subpagesize;
403 uint8_t cellinfo;
404 int badblockpos;
405
406 int state;
407
408 uint8_t *oob_poi;
409 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
410 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
411
412 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
413 struct nand_buffers *buffers;
414
415 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
416
417 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
418
419 uint8_t *bbt;
420 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
421 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
422
423 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
424
425 void *priv;
426 };
427
428 /*
429 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
430 */
431 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
432 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
433 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
434 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
435 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
436 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
437 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
438 #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
439 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
440
441 /**
442 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
443 * @name: Identify the device type
444 * @id: device ID code
445 * @pagesize: Pagesize in bytes. Either 256 or 512 or 0
446 * If the pagesize is 0, then the real pagesize
447 * and the eraseize are determined from the
448 * extended id bytes in the chip
449 * @erasesize: Size of an erase block in the flash device.
450 * @chipsize: Total chipsize in Mega Bytes
451 * @options: Bitfield to store chip relevant options
452 */
453 struct nand_flash_dev {
454 char *name;
455 int id;
456 unsigned long pagesize;
457 unsigned long chipsize;
458 unsigned long erasesize;
459 unsigned long options;
460 };
461
462 /**
463 * struct nand_manufacturers - NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Structure
464 * @name: Manufacturer name
465 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
466 */
467 struct nand_manufacturers {
468 int id;
469 char * name;
470 };
471
472 extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
473 extern struct nand_manufacturers nand_manuf_ids[];
474
475 extern int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd);
476 extern int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
477 extern int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
478 extern int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
479 extern int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
480 int allowbbt);
481 extern int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
482 size_t * retlen, uint8_t * buf);
483
484 /*
485 * Constants for oob configuration
486 */
487 #define NAND_SMALL_BADBLOCK_POS 5
488 #define NAND_LARGE_BADBLOCK_POS 0
489
490 /**
491 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
492 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
493 * @chip_offset: chip number offset
494 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
495 * @partitions: mtd partition list
496 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
497 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
498 * @ecclayout: ecc layout info structure
499 * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types
500 * @priv: hardware controller specific settings
501 */
502 struct platform_nand_chip {
503 int nr_chips;
504 int chip_offset;
505 int nr_partitions;
506 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
507 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
508 int chip_delay;
509 unsigned int options;
510 const char **part_probe_types;
511 void *priv;
512 };
513
514 /**
515 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
516 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
517 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
518 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
519 * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling
520 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
521 * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings
522 *
523 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
524 */
525 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
526 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
527 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
528 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
529 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat,
530 unsigned int ctrl);
531 void *priv;
532 };
533
534 /**
535 * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data
536 * @chip: chip level chip structure
537 * @ctrl: controller level device structure
538 */
539 struct platform_nand_data {
540 struct platform_nand_chip chip;
541 struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl;
542 };
543
544 /* Some helpers to access the data structures */
545 static inline
546 struct platform_nand_chip *get_platform_nandchip(struct mtd_info *mtd)
547 {
548 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
549
550 return chip->priv;
551 }
552
553 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H */