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1 /*
2 * kallsyms.c: in-kernel printing of symbolic oopses and stack traces.
3 *
4 * Rewritten and vastly simplified by Rusty Russell for in-kernel
5 * module loader:
6 * Copyright 2002 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> IBM Corporation
7 *
8 * ChangeLog:
9 *
10 * (25/Aug/2004) Paulo Marques <pmarques@grupopie.com>
11 * Changed the compression method from stem compression to "table lookup"
12 * compression (see scripts/kallsyms.c for a more complete description)
13 */
14 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
18 #include <linux/fs.h>
19 #include <linux/kdb.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h> /* for cond_resched */
23 #include <linux/mm.h>
24 #include <linux/ctype.h>
25 #include <linux/slab.h>
26 #include <linux/filter.h>
27 #include <linux/compiler.h>
28
29 #include <asm/sections.h>
30
31 /*
32 * These will be re-linked against their real values
33 * during the second link stage.
34 */
35 extern const unsigned long kallsyms_addresses[] __weak;
36 extern const int kallsyms_offsets[] __weak;
37 extern const u8 kallsyms_names[] __weak;
38
39 /*
40 * Tell the compiler that the count isn't in the small data section if the arch
41 * has one (eg: FRV).
42 */
43 extern const unsigned long kallsyms_num_syms
44 __attribute__((weak, section(".rodata")));
45
46 extern const unsigned long kallsyms_relative_base
47 __attribute__((weak, section(".rodata")));
48
49 extern const u8 kallsyms_token_table[] __weak;
50 extern const u16 kallsyms_token_index[] __weak;
51
52 extern const unsigned long kallsyms_markers[] __weak;
53
54 static inline int is_kernel_inittext(unsigned long addr)
55 {
56 if (addr >= (unsigned long)_sinittext
57 && addr <= (unsigned long)_einittext)
58 return 1;
59 return 0;
60 }
61
62 static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
63 {
64 if ((addr >= (unsigned long)_stext && addr <= (unsigned long)_etext) ||
65 arch_is_kernel_text(addr))
66 return 1;
67 return in_gate_area_no_mm(addr);
68 }
69
70 static inline int is_kernel(unsigned long addr)
71 {
72 if (addr >= (unsigned long)_stext && addr <= (unsigned long)_end)
73 return 1;
74 return in_gate_area_no_mm(addr);
75 }
76
77 static int is_ksym_addr(unsigned long addr)
78 {
79 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL))
80 return is_kernel(addr);
81
82 return is_kernel_text(addr) || is_kernel_inittext(addr);
83 }
84
85 /*
86 * Expand a compressed symbol data into the resulting uncompressed string,
87 * if uncompressed string is too long (>= maxlen), it will be truncated,
88 * given the offset to where the symbol is in the compressed stream.
89 */
90 static unsigned int kallsyms_expand_symbol(unsigned int off,
91 char *result, size_t maxlen)
92 {
93 int len, skipped_first = 0;
94 const u8 *tptr, *data;
95
96 /* Get the compressed symbol length from the first symbol byte. */
97 data = &kallsyms_names[off];
98 len = *data;
99 data++;
100
101 /*
102 * Update the offset to return the offset for the next symbol on
103 * the compressed stream.
104 */
105 off += len + 1;
106
107 /*
108 * For every byte on the compressed symbol data, copy the table
109 * entry for that byte.
110 */
111 while (len) {
112 tptr = &kallsyms_token_table[kallsyms_token_index[*data]];
113 data++;
114 len--;
115
116 while (*tptr) {
117 if (skipped_first) {
118 if (maxlen <= 1)
119 goto tail;
120 *result = *tptr;
121 result++;
122 maxlen--;
123 } else
124 skipped_first = 1;
125 tptr++;
126 }
127 }
128
129 tail:
130 if (maxlen)
131 *result = '\0';
132
133 /* Return to offset to the next symbol. */
134 return off;
135 }
136
137 /*
138 * Get symbol type information. This is encoded as a single char at the
139 * beginning of the symbol name.
140 */
141 static char kallsyms_get_symbol_type(unsigned int off)
142 {
143 /*
144 * Get just the first code, look it up in the token table,
145 * and return the first char from this token.
146 */
147 return kallsyms_token_table[kallsyms_token_index[kallsyms_names[off + 1]]];
148 }
149
150
151 /*
152 * Find the offset on the compressed stream given and index in the
153 * kallsyms array.
154 */
155 static unsigned int get_symbol_offset(unsigned long pos)
156 {
157 const u8 *name;
158 int i;
159
160 /*
161 * Use the closest marker we have. We have markers every 256 positions,
162 * so that should be close enough.
163 */
164 name = &kallsyms_names[kallsyms_markers[pos >> 8]];
165
166 /*
167 * Sequentially scan all the symbols up to the point we're searching
168 * for. Every symbol is stored in a [<len>][<len> bytes of data] format,
169 * so we just need to add the len to the current pointer for every
170 * symbol we wish to skip.
171 */
172 for (i = 0; i < (pos & 0xFF); i++)
173 name = name + (*name) + 1;
174
175 return name - kallsyms_names;
176 }
177
178 static unsigned long kallsyms_sym_address(int idx)
179 {
180 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_BASE_RELATIVE))
181 return kallsyms_addresses[idx];
182
183 /* values are unsigned offsets if --absolute-percpu is not in effect */
184 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ABSOLUTE_PERCPU))
185 return kallsyms_relative_base + (u32)kallsyms_offsets[idx];
186
187 /* ...otherwise, positive offsets are absolute values */
188 if (kallsyms_offsets[idx] >= 0)
189 return kallsyms_offsets[idx];
190
191 /* ...and negative offsets are relative to kallsyms_relative_base - 1 */
192 return kallsyms_relative_base - 1 - kallsyms_offsets[idx];
193 }
194
195 /* Lookup the address for this symbol. Returns 0 if not found. */
196 unsigned long kallsyms_lookup_name(const char *name)
197 {
198 char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
199 unsigned long i;
200 unsigned int off;
201
202 for (i = 0, off = 0; i < kallsyms_num_syms; i++) {
203 off = kallsyms_expand_symbol(off, namebuf, ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf));
204
205 if (strcmp(namebuf, name) == 0)
206 return kallsyms_sym_address(i);
207 }
208 return module_kallsyms_lookup_name(name);
209 }
210 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kallsyms_lookup_name);
211
212 int kallsyms_on_each_symbol(int (*fn)(void *, const char *, struct module *,
213 unsigned long),
214 void *data)
215 {
216 char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
217 unsigned long i;
218 unsigned int off;
219 int ret;
220
221 for (i = 0, off = 0; i < kallsyms_num_syms; i++) {
222 off = kallsyms_expand_symbol(off, namebuf, ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf));
223 ret = fn(data, namebuf, NULL, kallsyms_sym_address(i));
224 if (ret != 0)
225 return ret;
226 }
227 return module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(fn, data);
228 }
229 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kallsyms_on_each_symbol);
230
231 static unsigned long get_symbol_pos(unsigned long addr,
232 unsigned long *symbolsize,
233 unsigned long *offset)
234 {
235 unsigned long symbol_start = 0, symbol_end = 0;
236 unsigned long i, low, high, mid;
237
238 /* This kernel should never had been booted. */
239 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_BASE_RELATIVE))
240 BUG_ON(!kallsyms_addresses);
241 else
242 BUG_ON(!kallsyms_offsets);
243
244 /* Do a binary search on the sorted kallsyms_addresses array. */
245 low = 0;
246 high = kallsyms_num_syms;
247
248 while (high - low > 1) {
249 mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
250 if (kallsyms_sym_address(mid) <= addr)
251 low = mid;
252 else
253 high = mid;
254 }
255
256 /*
257 * Search for the first aliased symbol. Aliased
258 * symbols are symbols with the same address.
259 */
260 while (low && kallsyms_sym_address(low-1) == kallsyms_sym_address(low))
261 --low;
262
263 symbol_start = kallsyms_sym_address(low);
264
265 /* Search for next non-aliased symbol. */
266 for (i = low + 1; i < kallsyms_num_syms; i++) {
267 if (kallsyms_sym_address(i) > symbol_start) {
268 symbol_end = kallsyms_sym_address(i);
269 break;
270 }
271 }
272
273 /* If we found no next symbol, we use the end of the section. */
274 if (!symbol_end) {
275 if (is_kernel_inittext(addr))
276 symbol_end = (unsigned long)_einittext;
277 else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL))
278 symbol_end = (unsigned long)_end;
279 else
280 symbol_end = (unsigned long)_etext;
281 }
282
283 if (symbolsize)
284 *symbolsize = symbol_end - symbol_start;
285 if (offset)
286 *offset = addr - symbol_start;
287
288 return low;
289 }
290
291 /*
292 * Lookup an address but don't bother to find any names.
293 */
294 int kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *symbolsize,
295 unsigned long *offset)
296 {
297 char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
298
299 if (is_ksym_addr(addr)) {
300 get_symbol_pos(addr, symbolsize, offset);
301 return 1;
302 }
303 return !!module_address_lookup(addr, symbolsize, offset, NULL, namebuf) ||
304 !!__bpf_address_lookup(addr, symbolsize, offset, namebuf);
305 }
306
307 /*
308 * Lookup an address
309 * - modname is set to NULL if it's in the kernel.
310 * - We guarantee that the returned name is valid until we reschedule even if.
311 * It resides in a module.
312 * - We also guarantee that modname will be valid until rescheduled.
313 */
314 const char *kallsyms_lookup(unsigned long addr,
315 unsigned long *symbolsize,
316 unsigned long *offset,
317 char **modname, char *namebuf)
318 {
319 const char *ret;
320
321 namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN - 1] = 0;
322 namebuf[0] = 0;
323
324 if (is_ksym_addr(addr)) {
325 unsigned long pos;
326
327 pos = get_symbol_pos(addr, symbolsize, offset);
328 /* Grab name */
329 kallsyms_expand_symbol(get_symbol_offset(pos),
330 namebuf, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
331 if (modname)
332 *modname = NULL;
333 return namebuf;
334 }
335
336 /* See if it's in a module or a BPF JITed image. */
337 ret = module_address_lookup(addr, symbolsize, offset,
338 modname, namebuf);
339 if (!ret)
340 ret = bpf_address_lookup(addr, symbolsize,
341 offset, modname, namebuf);
342 return ret;
343 }
344
345 int lookup_symbol_name(unsigned long addr, char *symname)
346 {
347 symname[0] = '\0';
348 symname[KSYM_NAME_LEN - 1] = '\0';
349
350 if (is_ksym_addr(addr)) {
351 unsigned long pos;
352
353 pos = get_symbol_pos(addr, NULL, NULL);
354 /* Grab name */
355 kallsyms_expand_symbol(get_symbol_offset(pos),
356 symname, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
357 return 0;
358 }
359 /* See if it's in a module. */
360 return lookup_module_symbol_name(addr, symname);
361 }
362
363 int lookup_symbol_attrs(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
364 unsigned long *offset, char *modname, char *name)
365 {
366 name[0] = '\0';
367 name[KSYM_NAME_LEN - 1] = '\0';
368
369 if (is_ksym_addr(addr)) {
370 unsigned long pos;
371
372 pos = get_symbol_pos(addr, size, offset);
373 /* Grab name */
374 kallsyms_expand_symbol(get_symbol_offset(pos),
375 name, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
376 modname[0] = '\0';
377 return 0;
378 }
379 /* See if it's in a module. */
380 return lookup_module_symbol_attrs(addr, size, offset, modname, name);
381 }
382
383 /* Look up a kernel symbol and return it in a text buffer. */
384 static int __sprint_symbol(char *buffer, unsigned long address,
385 int symbol_offset, int add_offset)
386 {
387 char *modname;
388 const char *name;
389 unsigned long offset, size;
390 int len;
391
392 address += symbol_offset;
393 name = kallsyms_lookup(address, &size, &offset, &modname, buffer);
394 if (!name)
395 return sprintf(buffer, "0x%lx", address - symbol_offset);
396
397 if (name != buffer)
398 strcpy(buffer, name);
399 len = strlen(buffer);
400 offset -= symbol_offset;
401
402 if (add_offset)
403 len += sprintf(buffer + len, "+%#lx/%#lx", offset, size);
404
405 if (modname)
406 len += sprintf(buffer + len, " [%s]", modname);
407
408 return len;
409 }
410
411 /**
412 * sprint_symbol - Look up a kernel symbol and return it in a text buffer
413 * @buffer: buffer to be stored
414 * @address: address to lookup
415 *
416 * This function looks up a kernel symbol with @address and stores its name,
417 * offset, size and module name to @buffer if possible. If no symbol was found,
418 * just saves its @address as is.
419 *
420 * This function returns the number of bytes stored in @buffer.
421 */
422 int sprint_symbol(char *buffer, unsigned long address)
423 {
424 return __sprint_symbol(buffer, address, 0, 1);
425 }
426 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sprint_symbol);
427
428 /**
429 * sprint_symbol_no_offset - Look up a kernel symbol and return it in a text buffer
430 * @buffer: buffer to be stored
431 * @address: address to lookup
432 *
433 * This function looks up a kernel symbol with @address and stores its name
434 * and module name to @buffer if possible. If no symbol was found, just saves
435 * its @address as is.
436 *
437 * This function returns the number of bytes stored in @buffer.
438 */
439 int sprint_symbol_no_offset(char *buffer, unsigned long address)
440 {
441 return __sprint_symbol(buffer, address, 0, 0);
442 }
443 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sprint_symbol_no_offset);
444
445 /**
446 * sprint_backtrace - Look up a backtrace symbol and return it in a text buffer
447 * @buffer: buffer to be stored
448 * @address: address to lookup
449 *
450 * This function is for stack backtrace and does the same thing as
451 * sprint_symbol() but with modified/decreased @address. If there is a
452 * tail-call to the function marked "noreturn", gcc optimized out code after
453 * the call so that the stack-saved return address could point outside of the
454 * caller. This function ensures that kallsyms will find the original caller
455 * by decreasing @address.
456 *
457 * This function returns the number of bytes stored in @buffer.
458 */
459 int sprint_backtrace(char *buffer, unsigned long address)
460 {
461 return __sprint_symbol(buffer, address, -1, 1);
462 }
463
464 /* Look up a kernel symbol and print it to the kernel messages. */
465 void __print_symbol(const char *fmt, unsigned long address)
466 {
467 char buffer[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
468
469 sprint_symbol(buffer, address);
470
471 printk(fmt, buffer);
472 }
473 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__print_symbol);
474
475 /* To avoid using get_symbol_offset for every symbol, we carry prefix along. */
476 struct kallsym_iter {
477 loff_t pos;
478 loff_t pos_mod_end;
479 unsigned long value;
480 unsigned int nameoff; /* If iterating in core kernel symbols. */
481 char type;
482 char name[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
483 char module_name[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
484 int exported;
485 };
486
487 static int get_ksymbol_mod(struct kallsym_iter *iter)
488 {
489 int ret = module_get_kallsym(iter->pos - kallsyms_num_syms,
490 &iter->value, &iter->type,
491 iter->name, iter->module_name,
492 &iter->exported);
493 if (ret < 0) {
494 iter->pos_mod_end = iter->pos;
495 return 0;
496 }
497
498 return 1;
499 }
500
501 static int get_ksymbol_bpf(struct kallsym_iter *iter)
502 {
503 iter->module_name[0] = '\0';
504 iter->exported = 0;
505 return bpf_get_kallsym(iter->pos - iter->pos_mod_end,
506 &iter->value, &iter->type,
507 iter->name) < 0 ? 0 : 1;
508 }
509
510 /* Returns space to next name. */
511 static unsigned long get_ksymbol_core(struct kallsym_iter *iter)
512 {
513 unsigned off = iter->nameoff;
514
515 iter->module_name[0] = '\0';
516 iter->value = kallsyms_sym_address(iter->pos);
517
518 iter->type = kallsyms_get_symbol_type(off);
519
520 off = kallsyms_expand_symbol(off, iter->name, ARRAY_SIZE(iter->name));
521
522 return off - iter->nameoff;
523 }
524
525 static void reset_iter(struct kallsym_iter *iter, loff_t new_pos)
526 {
527 iter->name[0] = '\0';
528 iter->nameoff = get_symbol_offset(new_pos);
529 iter->pos = new_pos;
530 if (new_pos == 0)
531 iter->pos_mod_end = 0;
532 }
533
534 static int update_iter_mod(struct kallsym_iter *iter, loff_t pos)
535 {
536 iter->pos = pos;
537
538 if (iter->pos_mod_end > 0 &&
539 iter->pos_mod_end < iter->pos)
540 return get_ksymbol_bpf(iter);
541
542 if (!get_ksymbol_mod(iter))
543 return get_ksymbol_bpf(iter);
544
545 return 1;
546 }
547
548 /* Returns false if pos at or past end of file. */
549 static int update_iter(struct kallsym_iter *iter, loff_t pos)
550 {
551 /* Module symbols can be accessed randomly. */
552 if (pos >= kallsyms_num_syms)
553 return update_iter_mod(iter, pos);
554
555 /* If we're not on the desired position, reset to new position. */
556 if (pos != iter->pos)
557 reset_iter(iter, pos);
558
559 iter->nameoff += get_ksymbol_core(iter);
560 iter->pos++;
561
562 return 1;
563 }
564
565 static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
566 {
567 (*pos)++;
568
569 if (!update_iter(m->private, *pos))
570 return NULL;
571 return p;
572 }
573
574 static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
575 {
576 if (!update_iter(m->private, *pos))
577 return NULL;
578 return m->private;
579 }
580
581 static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
582 {
583 }
584
585 static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
586 {
587 struct kallsym_iter *iter = m->private;
588
589 /* Some debugging symbols have no name. Ignore them. */
590 if (!iter->name[0])
591 return 0;
592
593 if (iter->module_name[0]) {
594 char type;
595
596 /*
597 * Label it "global" if it is exported,
598 * "local" if not exported.
599 */
600 type = iter->exported ? toupper(iter->type) :
601 tolower(iter->type);
602 seq_printf(m, "%pK %c %s\t[%s]\n", (void *)iter->value,
603 type, iter->name, iter->module_name);
604 } else
605 seq_printf(m, "%pK %c %s\n", (void *)iter->value,
606 iter->type, iter->name);
607 return 0;
608 }
609
610 static const struct seq_operations kallsyms_op = {
611 .start = s_start,
612 .next = s_next,
613 .stop = s_stop,
614 .show = s_show
615 };
616
617 static int kallsyms_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
618 {
619 /*
620 * We keep iterator in m->private, since normal case is to
621 * s_start from where we left off, so we avoid doing
622 * using get_symbol_offset for every symbol.
623 */
624 struct kallsym_iter *iter;
625 iter = __seq_open_private(file, &kallsyms_op, sizeof(*iter));
626 if (!iter)
627 return -ENOMEM;
628 reset_iter(iter, 0);
629
630 return 0;
631 }
632
633 #ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_KDB
634 const char *kdb_walk_kallsyms(loff_t *pos)
635 {
636 static struct kallsym_iter kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter;
637 if (*pos == 0) {
638 memset(&kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter, 0,
639 sizeof(kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter));
640 reset_iter(&kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter, 0);
641 }
642 while (1) {
643 if (!update_iter(&kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter, *pos))
644 return NULL;
645 ++*pos;
646 /* Some debugging symbols have no name. Ignore them. */
647 if (kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter.name[0])
648 return kdb_walk_kallsyms_iter.name;
649 }
650 }
651 #endif /* CONFIG_KGDB_KDB */
652
653 static const struct file_operations kallsyms_operations = {
654 .open = kallsyms_open,
655 .read = seq_read,
656 .llseek = seq_lseek,
657 .release = seq_release_private,
658 };
659
660 static int __init kallsyms_init(void)
661 {
662 proc_create("kallsyms", 0444, NULL, &kallsyms_operations);
663 return 0;
664 }
665 device_initcall(kallsyms_init);