man/systemd.netdev.xml

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  23
  24 <refentry id="systemd.netdev" conditional='ENABLE_NETWORKD'>
  25
  26         <refentryinfo>
  27                 <title>systemd.network</title>
  28                 <productname>systemd</productname>
  29
  30                 <authorgroup>
  31                         <author>
  32                                 <contrib>Developer</contrib>
  33                                 <firstname>Tom</firstname>
  34                                 <surname>Gundersen</surname>
  35                                 <email>teg@jklm.no</email>
  36                         </author>
  37                 </authorgroup>
  38         </refentryinfo>
  39
  40         <refmeta>
  41                 <refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle>
  42                 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
  43         </refmeta>
  44
  45         <refnamediv>
  46                 <refname>systemd.netdev</refname>
  47                 <refpurpose>Virtual Network Device configuration</refpurpose>
  48         </refnamediv>
  49
  50         <refsynopsisdiv>
  51                 <para><filename><replaceable>netdev</replaceable>.netdev</filename></para>
  52         </refsynopsisdiv>
  53
  54         <refsect1>
  55                 <title>Description</title>
  56
  57                 <para>Network setup is performed by
  58                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
  59                 </para>
  60
  61                 <para>Virtual Network Device files must have the extension
  62                 <filename>.netdev</filename>; other extensions are ignored. Virtual
  63                 network devices are created as soon as networkd is started. If a netdev
  64                 with the specified name already exists, networkd will use that as-is
  65                 rather than create its own. Note that the settings of the pre-existing
  66                 netdev will not be changed by networkd.</para>
  67
  68                 <para>The <filename>.netdev</filename> files are read from the files located in the
  69                 system network directory <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>,
  70                 the volatile runtime network directory
  71                 <filename>/run/systemd/network</filename> and the local administration
  72                 network directory <filename>/etc/systemd/network</filename>.
  73                 All configuration files are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order,
  74                 regardless of the directories in which they live. However, files with
  75                 identical filenames replace each other. Files in
  76                 <filename>/etc</filename> have the highest priority, files in
  77                 <filename>/run</filename> take precedence over files with the same
  78                 name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be used to override a
  79                 system-supplied configuration file with a local file if needed; a symlink in
  80                 <filename>/etc</filename> with the same name as a configuration file in
  81                 <filename>/usr/lib</filename>, pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename>,
  82                 disables the configuration file entirely.</para>
  83
  84         </refsect1>
  85
  86         <refsect1>
  87                 <title>[Match] Section Options</title>
  88
  89                 <para>A virtual network device is only created if the
  90                 <literal>[Match]</literal> section matches the current
  91                 environment, or if the section is empty. The following keys are accepted:</para>
  92
  93                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
  94                                 <varlistentry>
  95                                         <term><varname>Host=</varname></term>
  96                                         <listitem>
  97                                                 <para>Matches against the hostname or machine ID of the
  98                                                 host. See <literal>ConditionHost=</literal> in
  99                                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 100                                                 for details.
 101                                                 </para>
 102                                         </listitem>
 103                                 </varlistentry>
 104                                 <varlistentry>
 105                                         <term><varname>Virtualization=</varname></term>
 106                                         <listitem>
 107                                                 <para>Checks whether the system is executed in a virtualized
 108                                                 environment and optionally test whether it is a specific
 109                                                 implementation. See <literal>ConditionVirtualization=</literal> in
 110                                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 111                                                 for details.
 112                                                 </para>
 113                                         </listitem>
 114                                 </varlistentry>
 115                                 <varlistentry>
 116                                         <term><varname>KernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
 117                                         <listitem>
 118                                                 <para>Checks whether a specific kernel command line option is
 119                                                 set (or if prefixed with the exclamation mark unset). See
 120                                                 <literal>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</literal> in
 121                                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 122                                                 for details.
 123                                                 </para>
 124                                         </listitem>
 125                                 </varlistentry>
 126                                 <varlistentry>
 127                                         <term><varname>Architecture=</varname></term>
 128                                         <listitem>
 129                                                 <para>Checks whether the system is running on a specific
 130                                                 architecture. See <literal>ConditionArchitecture=</literal> in
 131                                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 132                                                 for details.
 133                                                 </para>
 134                                         </listitem>
 135                                 </varlistentry>
 136                         </variablelist>
 137
 138         </refsect1>
 139
 140         <refsect1>
 141                 <title>[NetDev] Section Options</title>
 142
 143                         <para>The <literal>[NetDev]</literal> section accepts the following
 144                         keys:</para>
 145
 146                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 147                                 <varlistentry>
 148                                         <term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
 149                                         <listitem>
 150                                                 <para>A free-form description of the netdev.
 151                                                 </para>
 152                                         </listitem>
 153                                 </varlistentry>
 154                                 <varlistentry>
 155                                         <term><varname>Name=</varname></term>
 156                                         <listitem>
 157                                                 <para>The interface name used when creating the
 158                                                 netdev. This option is compulsory.</para>
 159                                         </listitem>
 160                                 </varlistentry>
 161                                 <varlistentry>
 162                                         <term><varname>Kind=</varname></term>
 163                                         <listitem>
 164                                                 <para>The netdev kind. Currently, <literal>bridge</literal>,
 165                                                 <literal>bond</literal>, <literal>vlan</literal>,
 166                                                 <literal>macvlan</literal>, <literal>vxlan</literal>,
 167                                                 <literal>ipip</literal>, <literal>gre</literal>,
 168                                                 <literal>sit</literal>, <literal>vti</literal>,
 169                                                 <literal>veth</literal>, <literal>tun</literal>,
 170                                                 <literal>tap</literal> and <literal>dummy</literal>
 171                                                 are supported. This option is compulsory.</para>
 172                                         </listitem>
 173                                 </varlistentry>
 174                                 <varlistentry>
 175                                         <term><varname>MTUBytes=</varname></term>
 176                                         <listitem>
 177                                                 <para>The maximum transmission unit in bytes to
 178                                                 set for the device. The usual suffixes K, M, G,
 179                                                 are supported and are understood to the base of
 180                                                 1024. This key is not currently suported for
 181                                                 <literal>tun</literal> or <literal>tap</literal> devices.
 182                                                 </para>
 183                                         </listitem>
 184                                 </varlistentry>
 185                                 <varlistentry>
 186                                         <term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
 187                                         <listitem>
 188                                                 <para>The MAC address to use for the device.
 189                                                 If none is given, one is generated based on
 190                                                 the interface name and the
 191                                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
 192                                                 This key is not currently suported for <literal>tun</literal> or <literal>tap</literal> devices.
 193                                                 </para>
 194                                         </listitem>
 195                                 </varlistentry>
 196                         </variablelist>
 197         </refsect1>
 198
 199         <refsect1>
 200                 <title>[VLAN] Section Options</title>
 201
 202                         <para>The <literal>[VLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind <literal>vlan</literal>,
 203                         and accepts the following key:</para>
 204
 205                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 206                                 <varlistentry>
 207                                         <term><varname>Id=</varname></term>
 208                                         <listitem>
 209                                                 <para>The VLAN ID to use. An integer in the range 0–4094.
 210                                                 This option is compulsory.</para>
 211                                         </listitem>
 212                                 </varlistentry>
 213                         </variablelist>
 214
 215         </refsect1>
 216
 217         <refsect1>
 218                 <title>[MACVLAN] Section Options</title>
 219
 220                         <para>The <literal>[MACVLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind
 221                         <literal>macvlan</literal>, and accepts the following key:</para>
 222
 223                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 224                                 <varlistentry>
 225                                         <term><varname>Mode=</varname></term>
 226                                         <listitem>
 227                                                 <para>The MACVLAN mode to use. The supported options are
 228                                                 <literal>private</literal>, <literal>vepa</literal>,
 229                                                 <literal>bridge</literal> and <literal>passthru</literal>.
 230                                                 </para>
 231                                         </listitem>
 232                                 </varlistentry>
 233                         </variablelist>
 234
 235         </refsect1>
 236         <refsect1>
 237                 <title>[VXLAN] Section Options</title>
 238                         <para>The <literal>[VXLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind
 239                         <literal>vxlan</literal>, and accepts the following key:</para>
 240
 241                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 242                                 <varlistentry>
 243                                         <term><varname>Id=</varname></term>
 244                                         <listitem>
 245                                                 <para>The VXLAN ID to use.</para>
 246                                         </listitem>
 247                                 </varlistentry>
 248                                 <varlistentry>
 249                                         <term><varname>Group=</varname></term>
 250                                         <listitem>
 251                                                 <para>An assigned multicast group IP address.</para>
 252                                         </listitem>
 253                                 </varlistentry>
 254                                 <varlistentry>
 255                                         <term><varname>TOS=</varname></term>
 256                                         <listitem>
 257                                                 <para>The Type Of Service byte value for a vxlan interface.</para>
 258                                         </listitem>
 259                                 </varlistentry>
 260                                 <varlistentry>
 261                                         <term><varname>TTL=</varname></term>
 262                                         <listitem>
 263                                                 <para>A fixed Time To Live N on Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network packets.
 264                                                 N is a number in the range 1-255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets
 265                                                 inherit the TTL value.</para>
 266                                         </listitem>
 267                                 </varlistentry>
 268                                 <varlistentry>
 269                                         <term><varname>MacLearning=</varname></term>
 270                                         <listitem>
 271                                                 <para>A boolean. When true, enables dynamic MAC learning
 272                                                 to discover remote MAC addresses.</para>
 273                                         </listitem>
 274                                 </varlistentry>
 275                                 <varlistentry>
 276                                         <term><varname>FDBAgeingSec=</varname></term>
 277                                         <listitem>
 278                                                 <para>The lifetime of Forwarding Database entry learnt by the kernel in seconds.</para>
 279                                         </listitem>
 280                                 </varlistentry>
 281                                 <varlistentry>
 282                                         <term><varname>ARPProxy=</varname></term>
 283                                         <listitem>
 284                                                 <para>A boolean. When true, enables ARP proxy.</para>
 285                                         </listitem>
 286                                 </varlistentry>
 287                                 <varlistentry>
 288                                         <term><varname>L2MissNotification=</varname></term>
 289                                         <listitem>
 290                                                 <para>A boolean. When true, enables netlink LLADDR miss notifications.</para>
 291                                         </listitem>
 292                                 </varlistentry>
 293                                 <varlistentry>
 294                                         <term><varname>L3MissNotification=</varname></term>
 295                                         <listitem>
 296                                                 <para>A boolean. When true, enables netlink IP ADDR miss notifications.</para>
 297                                         </listitem>
 298                                 </varlistentry>
 299                                 <varlistentry>
 300                                         <term><varname>RouteShortCircuit=</varname></term>
 301                                         <listitem>
 302                                                 <para>A boolean. When true route short circuit is turned on.</para>
 303                                         </listitem>
 304                                 </varlistentry>
 305                         </variablelist>
 306         </refsect1>
 307         <refsect1>
 308                 <title>[Tunnel] Section Options</title>
 309
 310                         <para>The <literal>[Tunnel]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind
 311                         <literal>ipip</literal>, <literal>sit</literal>, <literal>gre</literal> and
 312                         <literal>vti</literal> and accepts the following keys:</para>
 313
 314                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 315                                 <varlistentry>
 316                                         <term><varname>Local=</varname></term>
 317                                         <listitem>
 318                                                 <para>A static local address for tunneled packets.
 319                                                 It must be an address on another interface of this host.</para>
 320                                         </listitem>
 321                                 </varlistentry>
 322                                 <varlistentry>
 323                                         <term><varname>Remote=</varname></term>
 324                                         <listitem>
 325                                                 <para>The remote endpoint of the tunnel.</para>
 326                                         </listitem>
 327                                 </varlistentry>
 328                                 <varlistentry>
 329                                         <term><varname>TOS=</varname></term>
 330                                         <listitem>
 331                                                 <para>The Type Of Service byte value for a tunnel interface.
 332                                                 For details about the TOS see the
 333                                                 <ulink url="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1349">
 334                                                 Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite
 335                                                 </ulink> document.
 336                                                 </para>
 337                                         </listitem>
 338                                 </varlistentry>
 339                                 <varlistentry>
 340                                         <term><varname>TTL=</varname></term>
 341                                         <listitem>
 342                                                 <para>A fixed Time To Live N on tunneled packets.
 343                                                 N is a number in the range 1-255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets
 344                                                 inherit the TTL value. The default value for IPv4 tunnels is: inherit.
 345                                                 The default value for IPv6 tunnels is: 64.</para>
 346                                         </listitem>
 347                                 </varlistentry>
 348                                 <varlistentry>
 349                                         <term><varname>DiscoverPathMTU=</varname></term>
 350                                         <listitem>
 351                                                 <para>A boolean. When true, enables Path MTU Discovery on the tunnel.</para>
 352                                         </listitem>
 353                                 </varlistentry>
 354                         </variablelist>
 355         </refsect1>
 356         <refsect1>
 357                 <title>[Peer] Section Options</title>
 358
 359                         <para>The <literal>[Peer]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind <literal>veth</literal>
 360                         and accepts the following key:</para>
 361
 362                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 363                                 <varlistentry>
 364                                         <term><varname>Name=</varname></term>
 365                                         <listitem>
 366                                                 <para>The interface name used when creating the netdev.
 367                                                 This option is compulsory.</para>
 368                                         </listitem>
 369                                 </varlistentry>
 370                                 <varlistentry>
 371                                         <term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term>
 372                                         <listitem>
 373                                                 <para>The peer MACAddress, if not set it is generated in the same
 374                                                 way as the MAC address of the main interface.</para>
 375                                         </listitem>
 376                                 </varlistentry>
 377                         </variablelist>
 378         </refsect1>
 379         <refsect1>
 380                 <title>[Tun] Section Options</title>
 381
 382                         <para>The <literal>[Tun]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind
 383                         <literal>tun</literal>, and accepts the following keys:</para>
 384
 385                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 386                                 <varlistentry>
 387                                         <term><varname>OneQueue=</varname></term>
 388                                         <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether
 389                                         all packets are queued at the device (enabled), or a fixed number
 390                                         of packets are queued at the device and the rest at the
 391                                         <literal>qdisc</literal>. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para>
 392                                         </listitem>
 393                                 </varlistentry>
 394                                 <varlistentry>
 395                                         <term><varname>MultiQueue=</varname></term>
 396                                         <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether to
 397                                         use multiple file descriptors (queues) to parallelize packets
 398                                         sending and receiving. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para>
 399                                         </listitem>
 400                                 </varlistentry>
 401                                 <varlistentry>
 402                                         <term><varname>PacketInfo=</varname></term>
 403                                         <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether packets
 404                                         should be prepened with four extra bytes (two flag bytes and two
 405                                         protocol bytes). If disabled it indicates that the packets will be
 406                                         pure IP packets. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para>
 407                                         </listitem>
 408                                 </varlistentry>
 409                                 <varlistentry>
 410                                         <term><varname>User=</varname></term>
 411                                         <listitem><para>User to grant access to the <filename>/dev/net/tun</filename>
 412                                         device.</para>
 413                                         </listitem>
 414                                 </varlistentry>
 415                                 <varlistentry>
 416                                         <term><varname>Group=</varname></term>
 417                                         <listitem><para>Group to grant access to the <filename>/dev/net/tun</filename>
 418                                         device.</para>
 419                                         </listitem>
 420                                 </varlistentry>
 421
 422                         </variablelist>
 423
 424         </refsect1>
 425
 426         <refsect1>
 427                 <title>[Tap] Section Options</title>
 428
 429                         <para>The <literal>[Tap]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind
 430                         <literal>tap</literal>, and accepts the same keys as the
 431                         <literal>[Tun]</literal> section.</para>
 432         </refsect1>
 433
 434         <refsect1>
 435                 <title>[Bond] Section Options</title>
 436
 437                         <para>The <literal>[Bond]</literal> section accepts the following
 438                         key:</para>
 439
 440                         <variablelist class='network-directives'>
 441                                 <varlistentry>
 442                                         <term><varname>Mode=</varname></term>
 443                                         <listitem>
 444                                           <para>Specifies one of the bonding policies. The default is
 445                                           <literal>balance-rr</literal> (round robin). Possible values are
 446                                                 <literal>balance-rr</literal>,
 447                                                 <literal>active-backup</literal>,
 448                                                 <literal>balance-xor</literal>,
 449                                                 <literal>broadcast</literal>,
 450                                                 <literal>802.3ad</literal>,
 451                                                 <literal>balance-tlb</literal>, and
 452                                                 <literal>balance-alb</literal>.
 453                                           </para>
 454                                         </listitem>
 455                                 </varlistentry>
 456
 457                                 <varlistentry>
 458                                   <term><varname>TransmitHashPolicy=</varname></term>
 459                                   <listitem>
 460                                     <para>Selects the transmit hash policy to use for slave selection in
 461                                     balance-xor, 802.3ad, and tlb modes. Possible values are
 462                                     <literal>layer2</literal>,
 463                                     <literal>layer3+4</literal>,
 464                                     <literal>layer2+3</literal>,
 465                                     <literal>encap2+3</literal>,
 466                                     <literal>802.3ad</literal>, and
 467                                     <literal>encap3+4</literal>.
 468                                     </para>
 469                                   </listitem>
 470                                 </varlistentry>
 471
 472                                 <varlistentry>
 473                                   <term><varname>LACPTransmitRate=</varname></term>
 474                                   <listitem>
 475                                     <para>Specifies the rate with which link partner
 476                                     transmits Link Aggregation Control Protocol Data Unit packets
 477                                     in 802.3ad mode. Possible values are
 478                                     <literal>slow</literal>, which requests partner to transmit LACPDUs every 30 seconds, and
 479                                     <literal>fast</literal>, which requests partner to transmit LACPDUs every second.
 480                                     The default value is <literal>slow</literal>.</para>
 481                                   </listitem>
 482                                 </varlistentry>
 483
 484                                 <varlistentry>
 485                                   <term><varname>MIIMonitorSec=</varname></term>
 486                                   <listitem>
 487                                     <para>Specifies the frequency that Media Independent Interface link
 488                                     monitoring will occur. A value of zero disables MII link monitoring.
 489                                     This values is rounded down to the nearest millisecond. The default
 490                                     value is 0.</para>
 491                                   </listitem>
 492                                 </varlistentry>
 493
 494                                 <varlistentry>
 495                                   <term><varname>UpDelaySec=</varname></term>
 496                                   <listitem>
 497                                     <para>Specifies the delay before a link is enabled after a link up
 498                                     status has been detected. This value is rounded down to a multiple of
 499                                     MIIMonitorSec. The default value is 0.</para>
 500                                   </listitem>
 501                                 </varlistentry>
 502
 503                                 <varlistentry>
 504                                   <term><varname>DownDelaySec=</varname></term>
 505                                   <listitem>
 506                                     <para>Specifies the delay before a link is disabled after a link down
 507                                     status has been detected. This value is rounded down to a multiple of
 508                                     MIIMonitorSec. The default value is 0.</para>
 509                                   </listitem>
 510                                 </varlistentry>
 511
 512                         </variablelist>
 513         </refsect1>
 514
 515         <refsect1>
 516                 <title>Example</title>
 517                 <example>
 518                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/bridge.netdev</title>
 519
 520                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 521 Name=bridge0
 522 Kind=bridge</programlisting>
 523                 </example>
 524
 525                 <example>
 526                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/vlan1.netdev</title>
 527
 528                         <programlisting>[Match]
 529 Virtualization=no
 530
 531 [NetDev]
 532 Name=vlan1
 533 Kind=vlan
 534
 535 [VLAN]
 536 Id=1</programlisting>
 537                 </example>
 538                 <example>
 539                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/ipip.netdev</title>
 540                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 541 Name=ipip-tun
 542 Kind=ipip
 543 MTUBytes=1480
 544
 545 [Tunnel]
 546 Local=192.168.223.238
 547 Remote=192.169.224.239
 548 TTL=64</programlisting>
 549                 </example>
 550                 <example>
 551                   <title>/etc/systemd/network/tap.netdev</title>
 552                   <programlisting>[NetDev]
 553 Name=tap-test
 554 Kind=tap
 555
 556 [Tap]
 557 MultiQueue=true
 558 PacketInfo=true</programlisting> </example>
 559
 560                 <example>
 561                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/sit.netdev</title>
 562                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 563 Name=sit-tun
 564 Kind=sit
 565 MTUBytes=1480
 566
 567 [Tunnel]
 568 Local=10.65.223.238
 569 Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting>
 570                 </example>
 571
 572                 <example>
 573                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/gre.netdev</title>
 574                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 575 Name=gre-tun
 576 Kind=gre
 577 MTUBytes=1480
 578
 579 [Tunnel]
 580 Local=10.65.223.238
 581 Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting>
 582                 </example>
 583
 584                 <example>
 585                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/vti.netdev</title>
 586
 587                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 588 Name=vti-tun
 589 Kind=vti
 590 MTUBytes=1480
 591
 592 [Tunnel]
 593 Local=10.65.223.238
 594 Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting>
 595                 </example>
 596
 597                 <example>
 598                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/veth.netdev</title>
 599                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 600 Name=veth-test
 601 Kind=veth
 602
 603 [Peer]
 604 Name=veth-peer</programlisting>
 605                 </example>
 606
 607                 <example>
 608                         <title>/etc/systemd/network/dummy.netdev</title>
 609                         <programlisting>[NetDev]
 610 Name=dummy-test
 611 Kind=dummy
 612 MACAddress=12:34:56:78:9a:bc</programlisting>
 613                 </example>
 614
 615         </refsect1>
 616         <refsect1>
 617                 <title>See Also</title>
 618                 <para>
 619                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
 620                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
 621                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 622                 </para>
 623         </refsect1>
 624
 625 </refentry>