pdns/misc.cc

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of PowerDNS or dnsdist.
   3  * Copyright -- PowerDNS.COM B.V. and its contributors
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * In addition, for the avoidance of any doubt, permission is granted to
  10  * link this program with OpenSSL and to (re)distribute the binaries
  11  * produced as the result of such linking.
  12  *
  13  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  17  *
  18  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  20  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  21  */
  22 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  23 #include "config.h"
  24 #endif
  25 #include <sys/param.h>
  26 #include <sys/socket.h>
  27 #include <fcntl.h>
  28 #include <netdb.h>
  29 #include <sys/time.h>
  30 #include <time.h>
  31 #include <sys/resource.h>
  32 #include <netinet/in.h>
  33 #include <sys/un.h>
  34 #include <unistd.h>
  35 #include <fstream>
  36 #include "misc.hh"
  37 #include <vector>
  38 #include <sstream>
  39 #include <errno.h>
  40 #include <cstring>
  41 #include <iostream>
  42 #include <sys/types.h>
  43 #include <dirent.h>
  44 #include <algorithm>
  45 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
  46 #include <poll.h>
  47 #include <iomanip>
  48 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
  49 #include <string.h>
  50 #include <stdlib.h>
  51 #include <stdio.h>
  52 #include "pdnsexception.hh"
  53 #include <sys/types.h>
  54 #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
  55 #include "iputils.hh"
  56 #include "dnsparser.hh"
  57 #include <sys/types.h>
  58 #include <pwd.h>
  59 #include <grp.h>
  60 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
  61 #  include <pthread_np.h>
  62 #endif
  63 #ifdef __NetBSD__
  64 #  include <pthread.h>
  65 #  include <sched.h>
  66 #endif
  67
  68 bool g_singleThreaded;
  69
  70 size_t writen2(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
  71 {
  72   const char *ptr = (char*)buf;
  73   const char *eptr = ptr + count;
  74
  75   ssize_t res;
  76   while(ptr != eptr) {
  77     res = ::write(fd, ptr, eptr - ptr);
  78     if(res < 0) {
  79       if (errno == EAGAIN)
  80         throw std::runtime_error("used writen2 on non-blocking socket, got EAGAIN");
  81       else
  82         unixDie("failed in writen2");
  83     }
  84     else if (res == 0)
  85       throw std::runtime_error("could not write all bytes, got eof in writen2");
  86
  87     ptr += (size_t) res;
  88   }
  89
  90   return count;
  91 }
  92
  93 size_t readn2(int fd, void* buffer, size_t len)
  94 {
  95   size_t pos=0;
  96   ssize_t res;
  97   for(;;) {
  98     res = read(fd, (char*)buffer + pos, len - pos);
  99     if(res == 0)
 100       throw runtime_error("EOF while reading message");
 101     if(res < 0) {
 102       if (errno == EAGAIN)
 103         throw std::runtime_error("used readn2 on non-blocking socket, got EAGAIN");
 104       else
 105         unixDie("failed in readn2");
 106     }
 107
 108     pos+=(size_t)res;
 109     if(pos == len)
 110       break;
 111   }
 112   return len;
 113 }
 114
 115 size_t readn2WithTimeout(int fd, void* buffer, size_t len, int idleTimeout, int totalTimeout)
 116 {
 117   size_t pos = 0;
 118   time_t start = 0;
 119   int remainingTime = totalTimeout;
 120   if (totalTimeout) {
 121     start = time(NULL);
 122   }
 123
 124   do {
 125     ssize_t got = read(fd, (char *)buffer + pos, len - pos);
 126     if (got > 0) {
 127       pos += (size_t) got;
 128     }
 129     else if (got == 0) {
 130       throw runtime_error("EOF while reading message");
 131     }
 132     else {
 133       if (errno == EAGAIN) {
 134         int res = waitForData(fd, (totalTimeout == 0 || idleTimeout <= remainingTime) ? idleTimeout : remainingTime);
 135         if (res > 0) {
 136           /* there is data available */
 137         }
 138         else if (res == 0) {
 139           throw runtime_error("Timeout while waiting for data to read");
 140         } else {
 141           throw runtime_error("Error while waiting for data to read");
 142         }
 143       }
 144       else {
 145         unixDie("failed in readn2WithTimeout");
 146       }
 147     }
 148
 149     if (totalTimeout) {
 150       time_t now = time(NULL);
 151       int elapsed = now - start;
 152       if (elapsed >= remainingTime) {
 153         throw runtime_error("Timeout while reading data");
 154       }
 155       start = now;
 156       remainingTime -= elapsed;
 157     }
 158   }
 159   while (pos < len);
 160
 161   return len;
 162 }
 163
 164 size_t writen2WithTimeout(int fd, const void * buffer, size_t len, int timeout)
 165 {
 166   size_t pos = 0;
 167   do {
 168     ssize_t written = write(fd, (char *)buffer + pos, len - pos);
 169
 170     if (written > 0) {
 171       pos += (size_t) written;
 172     }
 173     else if (written == 0)
 174       throw runtime_error("EOF while writing message");
 175     else {
 176       if (errno == EAGAIN) {
 177         int res = waitForRWData(fd, false, timeout, 0);
 178         if (res > 0) {
 179           /* there is room available */
 180         }
 181         else if (res == 0) {
 182           throw runtime_error("Timeout while waiting to write data");
 183         } else {
 184           throw runtime_error("Error while waiting for room to write data");
 185         }
 186       }
 187       else {
 188         unixDie("failed in write2WithTimeout");
 189       }
 190     }
 191   }
 192   while (pos < len);
 193
 194   return len;
 195 }
 196
 197 string nowTime()
 198 {
 199   time_t now = time(nullptr);
 200   struct tm tm;
 201   localtime_r(&now, &tm);
 202   char buffer[30];
 203   // YYYY-mm-dd HH:MM:SS TZOFF
 204   strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %T %z", &tm);
 205   buffer[sizeof(buffer)-1] = '\0';
 206   return string(buffer);
 207 }
 208
 209 uint16_t getShort(const unsigned char *p)
 210 {
 211   return p[0] * 256 + p[1];
 212 }
 213
 214
 215 uint16_t getShort(const char *p)
 216 {
 217   return getShort((const unsigned char *)p);
 218 }
 219
 220 uint32_t getLong(const unsigned char* p)
 221 {
 222   return (p[0]<<24) + (p[1]<<16) + (p[2]<<8) + p[3];
 223 }
 224
 225 uint32_t getLong(const char* p)
 226 {
 227   return getLong((unsigned char *)p);
 228 }
 229
 230 static bool ciEqual(const string& a, const string& b)
 231 {
 232   if(a.size()!=b.size())
 233     return false;
 234
 235   string::size_type pos=0, epos=a.size();
 236   for(;pos < epos; ++pos)
 237     if(dns_tolower(a[pos])!=dns_tolower(b[pos]))
 238       return false;
 239   return true;
 240 }
 241
 242 /** does domain end on suffix? Is smart about "wwwds9a.nl" "ds9a.nl" not matching */
 243 static bool endsOn(const string &domain, const string &suffix)
 244 {
 245   if( suffix.empty() || ciEqual(domain, suffix) )
 246     return true;
 247
 248   if(domain.size()<=suffix.size())
 249     return false;
 250
 251   string::size_type dpos=domain.size()-suffix.size()-1, spos=0;
 252
 253   if(domain[dpos++]!='.')
 254     return false;
 255
 256   for(; dpos < domain.size(); ++dpos, ++spos)
 257     if(dns_tolower(domain[dpos]) != dns_tolower(suffix[spos]))
 258       return false;
 259
 260   return true;
 261 }
 262
 263 /** strips a domain suffix from a domain, returns true if it stripped */
 264 bool stripDomainSuffix(string *qname, const string &domain)
 265 {
 266   if(!endsOn(*qname, domain))
 267     return false;
 268
 269   if(toLower(*qname)==toLower(domain))
 270     *qname="@";
 271   else {
 272     if((*qname)[qname->size()-domain.size()-1]!='.')
 273       return false;
 274
 275     qname->resize(qname->size()-domain.size()-1);
 276   }
 277   return true;
 278 }
 279
 280 static void parseService4(const string &descr, ServiceTuple &st)
 281 {
 282   vector<string>parts;
 283   stringtok(parts,descr,":");
 284   if(parts.empty())
 285     throw PDNSException("Unable to parse '"+descr+"' as a service");
 286   st.host=parts[0];
 287   if(parts.size()>1)
 288     st.port=pdns_stou(parts[1]);
 289 }
 290
 291 static void parseService6(const string &descr, ServiceTuple &st)
 292 {
 293   string::size_type pos=descr.find(']');
 294   if(pos == string::npos)
 295     throw PDNSException("Unable to parse '"+descr+"' as an IPv6 service");
 296
 297   st.host=descr.substr(1, pos-1);
 298   if(pos + 2 < descr.length())
 299     st.port=pdns_stou(descr.substr(pos+2));
 300 }
 301
 302
 303 void parseService(const string &descr, ServiceTuple &st)
 304 {
 305   if(descr.empty())
 306     throw PDNSException("Unable to parse '"+descr+"' as a service");
 307
 308   vector<string> parts;
 309   stringtok(parts, descr, ":");
 310
 311   if(descr[0]=='[') {
 312     parseService6(descr, st);
 313   }
 314   else if(descr[0]==':' || parts.size() > 2 || descr.find("::") != string::npos) {
 315     st.host=descr;
 316   }
 317   else {
 318     parseService4(descr, st);
 319   }
 320 }
 321
 322 // returns -1 in case if error, 0 if no data is available, 1 if there is. In the first two cases, errno is set
 323 int waitForData(int fd, int seconds, int useconds)
 324 {
 325   return waitForRWData(fd, true, seconds, useconds);
 326 }
 327
 328 int waitForRWData(int fd, bool waitForRead, int seconds, int useconds, bool* error, bool* disconnected)
 329 {
 330   int ret;
 331
 332   struct pollfd pfd;
 333   memset(&pfd, 0, sizeof(pfd));
 334   pfd.fd = fd;
 335
 336   if(waitForRead)
 337     pfd.events=POLLIN;
 338   else
 339     pfd.events=POLLOUT;
 340
 341   ret = poll(&pfd, 1, seconds * 1000 + useconds/1000);
 342   if (ret > 0) {
 343     if (error && (pfd.revents & POLLERR)) {
 344       *error = true;
 345     }
 346     if (disconnected && (pfd.revents & POLLHUP)) {
 347       *disconnected = true;
 348     }
 349   }
 350
 351   return ret;
 352 }
 353
 354 // returns -1 in case of error, 0 if no data is available, 1 if there is. In the first two cases, errno is set
 355 int waitForMultiData(const set<int>& fds, const int seconds, const int useconds, int* fdOut) {
 356   set<int> realFDs;
 357   for (const auto& fd : fds) {
 358     if (fd >= 0 && realFDs.count(fd) == 0) {
 359       realFDs.insert(fd);
 360     }
 361   }
 362
 363   std::vector<struct pollfd> pfds(realFDs.size());
 364   memset(pfds.data(), 0, realFDs.size()*sizeof(struct pollfd));
 365   int ctr = 0;
 366   for (const auto& fd : realFDs) {
 367     pfds[ctr].fd = fd;
 368     pfds[ctr].events = POLLIN;
 369     ctr++;
 370   }
 371
 372   int ret;
 373   if(seconds >= 0)
 374     ret = poll(pfds.data(), realFDs.size(), seconds * 1000 + useconds/1000);
 375   else
 376     ret = poll(pfds.data(), realFDs.size(), -1);
 377   if(ret <= 0)
 378     return ret;
 379
 380   set<int> pollinFDs;
 381   for (const auto& pfd : pfds) {
 382     if (pfd.revents & POLLIN) {
 383       pollinFDs.insert(pfd.fd);
 384     }
 385   }
 386   set<int>::const_iterator it(pollinFDs.begin());
 387   advance(it, random() % pollinFDs.size());
 388   *fdOut = *it;
 389   return 1;
 390 }
 391
 392 // returns -1 in case of error, 0 if no data is available, 1 if there is. In the first two cases, errno is set
 393 int waitFor2Data(int fd1, int fd2, int seconds, int useconds, int*fd)
 394 {
 395   int ret;
 396
 397   struct pollfd pfds[2];
 398   memset(&pfds[0], 0, 2*sizeof(struct pollfd));
 399   pfds[0].fd = fd1;
 400   pfds[1].fd = fd2;
 401
 402   pfds[0].events= pfds[1].events = POLLIN;
 403
 404   int nsocks = 1 + (fd2 >= 0); // fd2 can optionally be -1
 405
 406   if(seconds >= 0)
 407     ret = poll(pfds, nsocks, seconds * 1000 + useconds/1000);
 408   else
 409     ret = poll(pfds, nsocks, -1);
 410   if(!ret || ret < 0)
 411     return ret;
 412
 413   if((pfds[0].revents & POLLIN) && !(pfds[1].revents & POLLIN))
 414     *fd = pfds[0].fd;
 415   else if((pfds[1].revents & POLLIN) && !(pfds[0].revents & POLLIN))
 416     *fd = pfds[1].fd;
 417   else if(ret == 2) {
 418     *fd = pfds[random()%2].fd;
 419   }
 420   else
 421     *fd = -1; // should never happen
 422
 423   return 1;
 424 }
 425
 426
 427 string humanDuration(time_t passed)
 428 {
 429   ostringstream ret;
 430   if(passed<60)
 431     ret<<passed<<" seconds";
 432   else if(passed<3600)
 433     ret<<std::setprecision(2)<<passed/60.0<<" minutes";
 434   else if(passed<86400)
 435     ret<<std::setprecision(3)<<passed/3600.0<<" hours";
 436   else if(passed<(86400*30.41))
 437     ret<<std::setprecision(3)<<passed/86400.0<<" days";
 438   else
 439     ret<<std::setprecision(3)<<passed/(86400*30.41)<<" months";
 440
 441   return ret.str();
 442 }
 443
 444 DTime::DTime()
 445 {
 446 //  set(); // saves lots of gettimeofday calls
 447   d_set.tv_sec=d_set.tv_usec=0;
 448 }
 449
 450 time_t DTime::time()
 451 {
 452   return d_set.tv_sec;
 453 }
 454
 455 const string unquotify(const string &item)
 456 {
 457   if(item.size()<2)
 458     return item;
 459
 460   string::size_type bpos=0, epos=item.size();
 461
 462   if(item[0]=='"')
 463     bpos=1;
 464
 465   if(item[epos-1]=='"')
 466     epos-=1;
 467
 468   return item.substr(bpos,epos-bpos);
 469 }
 470
 471 void stripLine(string &line)
 472 {
 473   string::size_type pos=line.find_first_of("\r\n");
 474   if(pos!=string::npos) {
 475     line.resize(pos);
 476   }
 477 }
 478
 479 string urlEncode(const string &text)
 480 {
 481   string ret;
 482   for(string::const_iterator i=text.begin();i!=text.end();++i)
 483     if(*i==' ')ret.append("%20");
 484     else ret.append(1,*i);
 485   return ret;
 486 }
 487
 488 string getHostname()
 489 {
 490 #ifndef MAXHOSTNAMELEN
 491 #define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 255
 492 #endif
 493
 494   char tmp[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 495   if(gethostname(tmp, MAXHOSTNAMELEN))
 496     return "UNKNOWN";
 497
 498   return string(tmp);
 499 }
 500
 501 string itoa(int i)
 502 {
 503   ostringstream o;
 504   o<<i;
 505   return o.str();
 506 }
 507
 508 string uitoa(unsigned int i) // MSVC 6 doesn't grok overloading (un)signed
 509 {
 510   ostringstream o;
 511   o<<i;
 512   return o.str();
 513 }
 514
 515 string bitFlip(const string &str)
 516 {
 517   string::size_type pos=0, epos=str.size();
 518   string ret;
 519   ret.reserve(epos);
 520   for(;pos < epos; ++pos)
 521     ret.append(1, ~str[pos]);
 522   return ret;
 523 }
 524
 525 string stringerror(int err)
 526 {
 527   return strerror(err);
 528 }
 529
 530 string stringerror()
 531 {
 532   return strerror(errno);
 533 }
 534
 535 void cleanSlashes(string &str)
 536 {
 537   string::const_iterator i;
 538   string out;
 539   for(i=str.begin();i!=str.end();++i) {
 540     if(*i=='/' && i!=str.begin() && *(i-1)=='/')
 541       continue;
 542     out.append(1,*i);
 543   }
 544   str=out;
 545 }
 546
 547
 548 bool IpToU32(const string &str, uint32_t *ip)
 549 {
 550   if(str.empty()) {
 551     *ip=0;
 552     return true;
 553   }
 554
 555   struct in_addr inp;
 556   if(inet_aton(str.c_str(), &inp)) {
 557     *ip=inp.s_addr;
 558     return true;
 559   }
 560   return false;
 561 }
 562
 563 string U32ToIP(uint32_t val)
 564 {
 565   char tmp[17];
 566   snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%u.%u.%u.%u",
 567            (val >> 24)&0xff,
 568            (val >> 16)&0xff,
 569            (val >>  8)&0xff,
 570            (val      )&0xff);
 571   return string(tmp);
 572 }
 573
 574
 575 string makeHexDump(const string& str)
 576 {
 577   char tmp[5];
 578   string ret;
 579   ret.reserve((int)(str.size()*2.2));
 580
 581   for(string::size_type n=0;n<str.size();++n) {
 582     snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%02x ", (unsigned char)str[n]);
 583     ret+=tmp;
 584   }
 585   return ret;
 586 }
 587
 588 // shuffle, maintaining some semblance of order
 589 void shuffle(vector<DNSZoneRecord>& rrs)
 590 {
 591   vector<DNSZoneRecord>::iterator first, second;
 592   for(first=rrs.begin();first!=rrs.end();++first)
 593     if(first->dr.d_place==DNSResourceRecord::ANSWER && first->dr.d_type != QType::CNAME) // CNAME must come first
 594       break;
 595   for(second=first;second!=rrs.end();++second)
 596     if(second->dr.d_place!=DNSResourceRecord::ANSWER)
 597       break;
 598
 599   if(second-first > 1)
 600     random_shuffle(first,second);
 601
 602   // now shuffle the additional records
 603   for(first=second;first!=rrs.end();++first)
 604     if(first->dr.d_place==DNSResourceRecord::ADDITIONAL && first->dr.d_type != QType::CNAME) // CNAME must come first
 605       break;
 606   for(second=first;second!=rrs.end();++second)
 607     if(second->dr.d_place!=DNSResourceRecord::ADDITIONAL)
 608       break;
 609
 610   if(second-first>1)
 611     random_shuffle(first,second);
 612
 613   // we don't shuffle the rest
 614 }
 615
 616
 617 // shuffle, maintaining some semblance of order
 618 void shuffle(vector<DNSRecord>& rrs)
 619 {
 620   vector<DNSRecord>::iterator first, second;
 621   for(first=rrs.begin();first!=rrs.end();++first)
 622     if(first->d_place==DNSResourceRecord::ANSWER && first->d_type != QType::CNAME) // CNAME must come first
 623       break;
 624   for(second=first;second!=rrs.end();++second)
 625     if(second->d_place!=DNSResourceRecord::ANSWER || second->d_type == QType::RRSIG) // leave RRSIGs at the end
 626       break;
 627
 628   if(second-first>1)
 629     random_shuffle(first,second);
 630
 631   // now shuffle the additional records
 632   for(first=second;first!=rrs.end();++first)
 633     if(first->d_place==DNSResourceRecord::ADDITIONAL && first->d_type != QType::CNAME) // CNAME must come first
 634       break;
 635   for(second=first; second!=rrs.end(); ++second)
 636     if(second->d_place!=DNSResourceRecord::ADDITIONAL)
 637       break;
 638
 639   if(second-first>1)
 640     random_shuffle(first,second);
 641
 642   // we don't shuffle the rest
 643 }
 644
 645 static uint16_t mapTypesToOrder(uint16_t type)
 646 {
 647   if(type == QType::CNAME)
 648     return 0;
 649   if(type == QType::RRSIG)
 650     return 65535;
 651   else
 652     return 1;
 653 }
 654
 655 // make sure rrs is sorted in d_place order to avoid surprises later
 656 // then shuffle the parts that desire shuffling
 657 void orderAndShuffle(vector<DNSRecord>& rrs)
 658 {
 659   std::stable_sort(rrs.begin(), rrs.end(), [](const DNSRecord&a, const DNSRecord& b) {
 660       return std::make_tuple(a.d_place, mapTypesToOrder(a.d_type)) < std::make_tuple(b.d_place, mapTypesToOrder(b.d_type));
 661     });
 662   shuffle(rrs);
 663 }
 664
 665 void normalizeTV(struct timeval& tv)
 666 {
 667   if(tv.tv_usec > 1000000) {
 668     ++tv.tv_sec;
 669     tv.tv_usec-=1000000;
 670   }
 671   else if(tv.tv_usec < 0) {
 672     --tv.tv_sec;
 673     tv.tv_usec+=1000000;
 674   }
 675 }
 676
 677 const struct timeval operator+(const struct timeval& lhs, const struct timeval& rhs)
 678 {
 679   struct timeval ret;
 680   ret.tv_sec=lhs.tv_sec + rhs.tv_sec;
 681   ret.tv_usec=lhs.tv_usec + rhs.tv_usec;
 682   normalizeTV(ret);
 683   return ret;
 684 }
 685
 686 const struct timeval operator-(const struct timeval& lhs, const struct timeval& rhs)
 687 {
 688   struct timeval ret;
 689   ret.tv_sec=lhs.tv_sec - rhs.tv_sec;
 690   ret.tv_usec=lhs.tv_usec - rhs.tv_usec;
 691   normalizeTV(ret);
 692   return ret;
 693 }
 694
 695 pair<string, string> splitField(const string& inp, char sepa)
 696 {
 697   pair<string, string> ret;
 698   string::size_type cpos=inp.find(sepa);
 699   if(cpos==string::npos)
 700     ret.first=inp;
 701   else {
 702     ret.first=inp.substr(0, cpos);
 703     ret.second=inp.substr(cpos+1);
 704   }
 705   return ret;
 706 }
 707
 708 int logFacilityToLOG(unsigned int facility)
 709 {
 710   switch(facility) {
 711   case 0:
 712     return LOG_LOCAL0;
 713   case 1:
 714     return(LOG_LOCAL1);
 715   case 2:
 716     return(LOG_LOCAL2);
 717   case 3:
 718     return(LOG_LOCAL3);
 719   case 4:
 720     return(LOG_LOCAL4);
 721   case 5:
 722     return(LOG_LOCAL5);
 723   case 6:
 724     return(LOG_LOCAL6);
 725   case 7:
 726     return(LOG_LOCAL7);
 727   default:
 728     return -1;
 729   }
 730 }
 731
 732 string stripDot(const string& dom)
 733 {
 734   if(dom.empty())
 735     return dom;
 736
 737   if(dom[dom.size()-1]!='.')
 738     return dom;
 739
 740   return dom.substr(0,dom.size()-1);
 741 }
 742
 743
 744
 745 int makeIPv6sockaddr(const std::string& addr, struct sockaddr_in6* ret)
 746 {
 747   if(addr.empty())
 748     return -1;
 749   string ourAddr(addr);
 750   bool portSet = false;
 751   unsigned int port;
 752   if(addr[0]=='[') { // [::]:53 style address
 753     string::size_type pos = addr.find(']');
 754     if(pos == string::npos)
 755       return -1;
 756     ourAddr.assign(addr.c_str() + 1, pos-1);
 757     if (pos + 1 != addr.size()) { // complete after ], no port specified
 758       if (pos + 2 > addr.size() || addr[pos+1]!=':')
 759         return -1;
 760       try {
 761         port = pdns_stou(addr.substr(pos+2));
 762         portSet = true;
 763       }
 764       catch(const std::out_of_range&) {
 765         return -1;
 766       }
 767     }
 768   }
 769   ret->sin6_scope_id=0;
 770   ret->sin6_family=AF_INET6;
 771
 772   if(inet_pton(AF_INET6, ourAddr.c_str(), (void*)&ret->sin6_addr) != 1) {
 773     struct addrinfo* res;
 774     struct addrinfo hints;
 775     memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 776
 777     hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 778     hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
 779
 780     // getaddrinfo has anomalous return codes, anything nonzero is an error, positive or negative
 781     if (getaddrinfo(ourAddr.c_str(), 0, &hints, &res) != 0) {
 782       return -1;
 783     }
 784
 785     memcpy(ret, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
 786     freeaddrinfo(res);
 787   }
 788
 789   if(portSet) {
 790     if(port > 65535)
 791       return -1;
 792
 793     ret->sin6_port = htons(port);
 794   }
 795
 796   return 0;
 797 }
 798
 799 int makeIPv4sockaddr(const std::string& str, struct sockaddr_in* ret)
 800 {
 801   if(str.empty()) {
 802     return -1;
 803   }
 804   struct in_addr inp;
 805
 806   string::size_type pos = str.find(':');
 807   if(pos == string::npos) { // no port specified, not touching the port
 808     if(inet_aton(str.c_str(), &inp)) {
 809       ret->sin_addr.s_addr=inp.s_addr;
 810       return 0;
 811     }
 812     return -1;
 813   }
 814   if(!*(str.c_str() + pos + 1)) // trailing :
 815     return -1;
 816
 817   char *eptr = (char*)str.c_str() + str.size();
 818   int port = strtol(str.c_str() + pos + 1, &eptr, 10);
 819   if (port < 0 || port > 65535)
 820     return -1;
 821
 822   if(*eptr)
 823     return -1;
 824
 825   ret->sin_port = htons(port);
 826   if(inet_aton(str.substr(0, pos).c_str(), &inp)) {
 827     ret->sin_addr.s_addr=inp.s_addr;
 828     return 0;
 829   }
 830   return -1;
 831 }
 832
 833 int makeUNsockaddr(const std::string& path, struct sockaddr_un* ret)
 834 {
 835   if (path.empty())
 836     return -1;
 837
 838   memset(ret, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
 839   ret->sun_family = AF_UNIX;
 840   if (path.length() >= sizeof(ret->sun_path))
 841     return -1;
 842
 843   path.copy(ret->sun_path, sizeof(ret->sun_path), 0);
 844   return 0;
 845 }
 846
 847 //! read a line of text from a FILE* to a std::string, returns false on 'no data'
 848 bool stringfgets(FILE* fp, std::string& line)
 849 {
 850   char buffer[1024];
 851   line.clear();
 852
 853   do {
 854     if(!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp))
 855       return !line.empty();
 856
 857     line.append(buffer);
 858   } while(!strchr(buffer, '\n'));
 859   return true;
 860 }
 861
 862 bool readFileIfThere(const char* fname, std::string* line)
 863 {
 864   line->clear();
 865   auto fp = std::unique_ptr<FILE, int(*)(FILE*)>(fopen(fname, "r"), fclose);
 866   if(!fp)
 867     return false;
 868   stringfgets(fp.get(), *line);
 869   fp.reset();
 870
 871   return true;
 872 }
 873
 874 Regex::Regex(const string &expr)
 875 {
 876   if(regcomp(&d_preg, expr.c_str(), REG_ICASE|REG_NOSUB|REG_EXTENDED))
 877     throw PDNSException("Regular expression did not compile");
 878 }
 879
 880 // if you end up here because valgrind told you were are doing something wrong
 881 // with msgh->msg_controllen, please refer to https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns/pull/3962
 882 // first.
 883 // Note that cmsgbuf should be aligned the same as a struct cmsghdr
 884 void addCMsgSrcAddr(struct msghdr* msgh, cmsgbuf_aligned* cmsgbuf, const ComboAddress* source, int itfIndex)
 885 {
 886   struct cmsghdr *cmsg = NULL;
 887
 888   if(source->sin4.sin_family == AF_INET6) {
 889     struct in6_pktinfo *pkt;
 890
 891     msgh->msg_control = cmsgbuf;
 892 #if !defined( __APPLE__ )
 893     /* CMSG_SPACE is not a constexpr on macOS */
 894     static_assert(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)) <= sizeof(*cmsgbuf), "Buffer is too small for in6_pktinfo");
 895 #else /* __APPLE__ */
 896     if (CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)) > sizeof(*cmsgbuf)) {
 897       throw std::runtime_error("Buffer is too small for in6_pktinfo");
 898     }
 899 #endif /* __APPLE__ */
 900     msgh->msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt));
 901
 902     cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msgh);
 903     cmsg->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
 904     cmsg->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
 905     cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(*pkt));
 906
 907     pkt = (struct in6_pktinfo *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
 908     // Include the padding to stop valgrind complaining about passing uninitialized data
 909     memset(pkt, 0, CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)));
 910     pkt->ipi6_addr = source->sin6.sin6_addr;
 911     pkt->ipi6_ifindex = itfIndex;
 912   }
 913   else {
 914 #if defined(IP_PKTINFO)
 915     struct in_pktinfo *pkt;
 916
 917     msgh->msg_control = cmsgbuf;
 918 #if !defined( __APPLE__ )
 919     /* CMSG_SPACE is not a constexpr on macOS */
 920     static_assert(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)) <= sizeof(*cmsgbuf), "Buffer is too small for in_pktinfo");
 921 #else /* __APPLE__ */
 922     if (CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)) > sizeof(*cmsgbuf)) {
 923       throw std::runtime_error("Buffer is too small for in_pktinfo");
 924     }
 925 #endif /* __APPLE__ */
 926     msgh->msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt));
 927
 928     cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msgh);
 929     cmsg->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IP;
 930     cmsg->cmsg_type = IP_PKTINFO;
 931     cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(*pkt));
 932
 933     pkt = (struct in_pktinfo *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
 934     // Include the padding to stop valgrind complaining about passing uninitialized data
 935     memset(pkt, 0, CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*pkt)));
 936     pkt->ipi_spec_dst = source->sin4.sin_addr;
 937     pkt->ipi_ifindex = itfIndex;
 938 #elif defined(IP_SENDSRCADDR)
 939     struct in_addr *in;
 940
 941     msgh->msg_control = cmsgbuf;
 942 #if !defined( __APPLE__ )
 943     static_assert(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*in)) <= sizeof(*cmsgbuf), "Buffer is too small for in_addr");
 944 #else /* __APPLE__ */
 945     if (CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*in)) > sizeof(*cmsgbuf)) {
 946       throw std::runtime_error("Buffer is too small for in_addr");
 947     }
 948 #endif /* __APPLE__ */
 949     msgh->msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*in));
 950
 951     cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(msgh);
 952     cmsg->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IP;
 953     cmsg->cmsg_type = IP_SENDSRCADDR;
 954     cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(*in));
 955
 956     // Include the padding to stop valgrind complaining about passing uninitialized data
 957     in = (struct in_addr *) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
 958     memset(in, 0, CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(*in)));
 959     *in = source->sin4.sin_addr;
 960 #endif
 961   }
 962 }
 963
 964 unsigned int getFilenumLimit(bool hardOrSoft)
 965 {
 966   struct rlimit rlim;
 967   if(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim) < 0)
 968     unixDie("Requesting number of available file descriptors");
 969   return hardOrSoft ? rlim.rlim_max : rlim.rlim_cur;
 970 }
 971
 972 void setFilenumLimit(unsigned int lim)
 973 {
 974   struct rlimit rlim;
 975
 976   if(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim) < 0)
 977     unixDie("Requesting number of available file descriptors");
 978   rlim.rlim_cur=lim;
 979   if(setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim) < 0)
 980     unixDie("Setting number of available file descriptors");
 981 }
 982
 983 #define burtlemix(a,b,c) \
 984 { \
 985   a -= b; a -= c; a ^= (c>>13); \
 986   b -= c; b -= a; b ^= (a<<8); \
 987   c -= a; c -= b; c ^= (b>>13); \
 988   a -= b; a -= c; a ^= (c>>12);  \
 989   b -= c; b -= a; b ^= (a<<16); \
 990   c -= a; c -= b; c ^= (b>>5); \
 991   a -= b; a -= c; a ^= (c>>3);  \
 992   b -= c; b -= a; b ^= (a<<10); \
 993   c -= a; c -= b; c ^= (b>>15); \
 994 }
 995
 996 uint32_t burtle(const unsigned char* k, uint32_t length, uint32_t initval)
 997 {
 998   uint32_t a,b,c,len;
 999
1000    /* Set up the internal state */
1001   len = length;
1002   a = b = 0x9e3779b9;  /* the golden ratio; an arbitrary value */
1003   c = initval;         /* the previous hash value */
1004
1005   /*---------------------------------------- handle most of the key */
1006   while (len >= 12) {
1007     a += (k[0] +((uint32_t)k[1]<<8) +((uint32_t)k[2]<<16) +((uint32_t)k[3]<<24));
1008     b += (k[4] +((uint32_t)k[5]<<8) +((uint32_t)k[6]<<16) +((uint32_t)k[7]<<24));
1009     c += (k[8] +((uint32_t)k[9]<<8) +((uint32_t)k[10]<<16)+((uint32_t)k[11]<<24));
1010     burtlemix(a,b,c);
1011     k += 12; len -= 12;
1012   }
1013
1014   /*------------------------------------- handle the last 11 bytes */
1015   c += length;
1016   switch(len) {             /* all the case statements fall through */
1017   case 11: c+=((uint32_t)k[10]<<24);
1018     /* fall-through */
1019   case 10: c+=((uint32_t)k[9]<<16);
1020     /* fall-through */
1021   case 9 : c+=((uint32_t)k[8]<<8);
1022     /* the first byte of c is reserved for the length */
1023     /* fall-through */
1024   case 8 : b+=((uint32_t)k[7]<<24);
1025     /* fall-through */
1026   case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)k[6]<<16);
1027     /* fall-through */
1028   case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)k[5]<<8);
1029     /* fall-through */
1030   case 5 : b+=k[4];
1031     /* fall-through */
1032   case 4 : a+=((uint32_t)k[3]<<24);
1033     /* fall-through */
1034   case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)k[2]<<16);
1035     /* fall-through */
1036   case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)k[1]<<8);
1037     /* fall-through */
1038   case 1 : a+=k[0];
1039     /* case 0: nothing left to add */
1040   }
1041   burtlemix(a,b,c);
1042   /*-------------------------------------------- report the result */
1043   return c;
1044 }
1045
1046 uint32_t burtleCI(const unsigned char* k, uint32_t length, uint32_t initval)
1047 {
1048   uint32_t a,b,c,len;
1049
1050    /* Set up the internal state */
1051   len = length;
1052   a = b = 0x9e3779b9;  /* the golden ratio; an arbitrary value */
1053   c = initval;         /* the previous hash value */
1054
1055   /*---------------------------------------- handle most of the key */
1056   while (len >= 12) {
1057     a += (dns_tolower(k[0]) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[1])<<8) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[2])<<16) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[3])<<24));
1058     b += (dns_tolower(k[4]) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[5])<<8) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[6])<<16) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[7])<<24));
1059     c += (dns_tolower(k[8]) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[9])<<8) +((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[10])<<16)+((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[11])<<24));
1060     burtlemix(a,b,c);
1061     k += 12; len -= 12;
1062   }
1063
1064   /*------------------------------------- handle the last 11 bytes */
1065   c += length;
1066   switch(len) {             /* all the case statements fall through */
1067   case 11: c+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[10])<<24);
1068     /* fall-through */
1069   case 10: c+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[9])<<16);
1070     /* fall-through */
1071   case 9 : c+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[8])<<8);
1072     /* the first byte of c is reserved for the length */
1073     /* fall-through */
1074   case 8 : b+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[7])<<24);
1075     /* fall-through */
1076   case 7 : b+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[6])<<16);
1077     /* fall-through */
1078   case 6 : b+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[5])<<8);
1079     /* fall-through */
1080   case 5 : b+=dns_tolower(k[4]);
1081     /* fall-through */
1082   case 4 : a+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[3])<<24);
1083     /* fall-through */
1084   case 3 : a+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[2])<<16);
1085     /* fall-through */
1086   case 2 : a+=((uint32_t)dns_tolower(k[1])<<8);
1087     /* fall-through */
1088   case 1 : a+=dns_tolower(k[0]);
1089     /* case 0: nothing left to add */
1090   }
1091   burtlemix(a,b,c);
1092   /*-------------------------------------------- report the result */
1093   return c;
1094 }
1095
1096
1097 bool setSocketTimestamps(int fd)
1098 {
1099 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
1100   int on=1;
1101   return setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, (char*)&on, sizeof(on)) == 0;
1102 #else
1103   return true; // we pretend this happened.
1104 #endif
1105 }
1106
1107 bool setTCPNoDelay(int sock)
1108 {
1109   int flag = 1;
1110   return setsockopt(sock,            /* socket affected */
1111                     IPPROTO_TCP,     /* set option at TCP level */
1112                     TCP_NODELAY,     /* name of option */
1113                     (char *) &flag,  /* the cast is historical cruft */
1114                     sizeof(flag)) == 0;    /* length of option value */
1115 }
1116
1117
1118 bool setNonBlocking(int sock)
1119 {
1120   int flags=fcntl(sock,F_GETFL,0);
1121   if(flags<0 || fcntl(sock, F_SETFL,flags|O_NONBLOCK) <0)
1122     return false;
1123   return true;
1124 }
1125
1126 bool setBlocking(int sock)
1127 {
1128   int flags=fcntl(sock,F_GETFL,0);
1129   if(flags<0 || fcntl(sock, F_SETFL,flags&(~O_NONBLOCK)) <0)
1130     return false;
1131   return true;
1132 }
1133
1134 bool setReuseAddr(int sock)
1135 {
1136   int tmp = 1;
1137   if (setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char*)&tmp, static_cast<unsigned>(sizeof tmp))<0)
1138     throw PDNSException(string("Setsockopt failed: ")+stringerror());
1139   return true;
1140 }
1141
1142 bool isNonBlocking(int sock)
1143 {
1144   int flags=fcntl(sock,F_GETFL,0);
1145   return flags & O_NONBLOCK;
1146 }
1147
1148 bool setReceiveSocketErrors(int sock, int af)
1149 {
1150 #ifdef __linux__
1151   int tmp = 1, ret;
1152   if (af == AF_INET) {
1153     ret = setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_RECVERR, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1154   } else {
1155     ret = setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVERR, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1156   }
1157   if (ret < 0) {
1158     throw PDNSException(string("Setsockopt failed: ") + stringerror());
1159   }
1160 #endif
1161   return true;
1162 }
1163
1164 // Closes a socket.
1165 int closesocket( int socket )
1166 {
1167   int ret=::close(socket);
1168   if(ret < 0 && errno == ECONNRESET) // see ticket 192, odd BSD behaviour
1169     return 0;
1170   if(ret < 0)
1171     throw PDNSException("Error closing socket: "+stringerror());
1172   return ret;
1173 }
1174
1175 bool setCloseOnExec(int sock)
1176 {
1177   int flags=fcntl(sock,F_GETFD,0);
1178   if(flags<0 || fcntl(sock, F_SETFD,flags|FD_CLOEXEC) <0)
1179     return false;
1180   return true;
1181 }
1182
1183 string getMACAddress(const ComboAddress& ca)
1184 {
1185   string ret;
1186 #ifdef __linux__
1187   ifstream ifs("/proc/net/arp");
1188   if(!ifs)
1189     return ret;
1190   string line;
1191   string match=ca.toString()+' ';
1192   while(getline(ifs, line)) {
1193     if(boost::starts_with(line, match)) {
1194       vector<string> parts;
1195       stringtok(parts, line, " \n\t\r");
1196       if(parts.size() < 4)
1197         return ret;
1198       unsigned int tmp[6];
1199       sscanf(parts[3].c_str(), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x", tmp, tmp+1, tmp+2, tmp+3, tmp+4, tmp+5);
1200       for(int i = 0 ; i< 6 ; ++i)
1201         ret.append(1, (char)tmp[i]);
1202       return ret;
1203     }
1204   }
1205 #endif
1206   return ret;
1207 }
1208
1209 uint64_t udpErrorStats(const std::string& str)
1210 {
1211 #ifdef __linux__
1212   ifstream ifs("/proc/net/snmp");
1213   if(!ifs)
1214     return 0;
1215   string line;
1216   vector<string> parts;
1217   while(getline(ifs,line)) {
1218     if(boost::starts_with(line, "Udp: ") && isdigit(line[5])) {
1219       stringtok(parts, line, " \n\t\r");
1220       if(parts.size() < 7)
1221         break;
1222       if(str=="udp-rcvbuf-errors")
1223         return std::stoull(parts[5]);
1224       else if(str=="udp-sndbuf-errors")
1225         return std::stoull(parts[6]);
1226       else if(str=="udp-noport-errors")
1227         return std::stoull(parts[2]);
1228       else if(str=="udp-in-errors")
1229         return std::stoull(parts[3]);
1230       else
1231         return 0;
1232     }
1233   }
1234 #endif
1235   return 0;
1236 }
1237
1238 uint64_t getCPUIOWait(const std::string& str)
1239 {
1240 #ifdef __linux__
1241   ifstream ifs("/proc/stat");
1242   if (!ifs) {
1243     return 0;
1244   }
1245
1246   string line;
1247   vector<string> parts;
1248   while (getline(ifs, line)) {
1249     if (boost::starts_with(line, "cpu ")) {
1250       stringtok(parts, line, " \n\t\r");
1251
1252       if (parts.size() < 6) {
1253         break;
1254       }
1255
1256       return std::stoull(parts[5]);
1257     }
1258   }
1259 #endif
1260   return 0;
1261 }
1262
1263 uint64_t getCPUSteal(const std::string& str)
1264 {
1265 #ifdef __linux__
1266   ifstream ifs("/proc/stat");
1267   if (!ifs) {
1268     return 0;
1269   }
1270
1271   string line;
1272   vector<string> parts;
1273   while (getline(ifs, line)) {
1274     if (boost::starts_with(line, "cpu ")) {
1275       stringtok(parts, line, " \n\t\r");
1276
1277       if (parts.size() < 9) {
1278         break;
1279       }
1280
1281       return std::stoull(parts[8]);
1282     }
1283   }
1284 #endif
1285   return 0;
1286 }
1287
1288 bool getTSIGHashEnum(const DNSName& algoName, TSIGHashEnum& algoEnum)
1289 {
1290   if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-md5.sig-alg.reg.int") || algoName == DNSName("hmac-md5"))
1291     algoEnum = TSIG_MD5;
1292   else if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-sha1"))
1293     algoEnum = TSIG_SHA1;
1294   else if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-sha224"))
1295     algoEnum = TSIG_SHA224;
1296   else if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-sha256"))
1297     algoEnum = TSIG_SHA256;
1298   else if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-sha384"))
1299     algoEnum = TSIG_SHA384;
1300   else if (algoName == DNSName("hmac-sha512"))
1301     algoEnum = TSIG_SHA512;
1302   else if (algoName == DNSName("gss-tsig"))
1303     algoEnum = TSIG_GSS;
1304   else {
1305      return false;
1306   }
1307   return true;
1308 }
1309
1310 DNSName getTSIGAlgoName(TSIGHashEnum& algoEnum)
1311 {
1312   switch(algoEnum) {
1313   case TSIG_MD5: return DNSName("hmac-md5.sig-alg.reg.int.");
1314   case TSIG_SHA1: return DNSName("hmac-sha1.");
1315   case TSIG_SHA224: return DNSName("hmac-sha224.");
1316   case TSIG_SHA256: return DNSName("hmac-sha256.");
1317   case TSIG_SHA384: return DNSName("hmac-sha384.");
1318   case TSIG_SHA512: return DNSName("hmac-sha512.");
1319   case TSIG_GSS: return DNSName("gss-tsig.");
1320   }
1321   throw PDNSException("getTSIGAlgoName does not understand given algorithm, please fix!");
1322 }
1323
1324 uint64_t getOpenFileDescriptors(const std::string&)
1325 {
1326 #ifdef __linux__
1327   DIR* dirhdl=opendir(("/proc/"+std::to_string(getpid())+"/fd/").c_str());
1328   if(!dirhdl)
1329     return 0;
1330
1331   struct dirent *entry;
1332   int ret=0;
1333   while((entry = readdir(dirhdl))) {
1334     uint32_t num;
1335     try {
1336       num = pdns_stou(entry->d_name);
1337     } catch (...) {
1338       continue; // was not a number.
1339     }
1340     if(std::to_string(num) == entry->d_name)
1341       ret++;
1342   }
1343   closedir(dirhdl);
1344   return ret;
1345
1346 #else
1347   return 0;
1348 #endif
1349 }
1350
1351 uint64_t getRealMemoryUsage(const std::string&)
1352 {
1353 #ifdef __linux__
1354   ifstream ifs("/proc/self/statm");
1355   if(!ifs)
1356     return 0;
1357
1358   uint64_t size, resident, shared, text, lib, data;
1359   ifs >> size >> resident >> shared >> text >> lib >> data;
1360
1361   return data * getpagesize();
1362 #else
1363   struct rusage ru;
1364   if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru) != 0)
1365     return 0;
1366   return ru.ru_maxrss * 1024;
1367 #endif
1368 }
1369
1370
1371 uint64_t getSpecialMemoryUsage(const std::string&)
1372 {
1373 #ifdef __linux__
1374   ifstream ifs("/proc/self/smaps");
1375   if(!ifs)
1376     return 0;
1377   string line;
1378   uint64_t bytes=0;
1379   string header("Private_Dirty:");
1380   while(getline(ifs, line)) {
1381     if(boost::starts_with(line, header)) {
1382       bytes += std::stoull(line.substr(header.length() + 1))*1024;
1383     }
1384   }
1385   return bytes;
1386 #else
1387   return 0;
1388 #endif
1389 }
1390
1391 uint64_t getCPUTimeUser(const std::string&)
1392 {
1393   struct rusage ru;
1394   getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru);
1395   return (ru.ru_utime.tv_sec*1000ULL + ru.ru_utime.tv_usec/1000);
1396 }
1397
1398 uint64_t getCPUTimeSystem(const std::string&)
1399 {
1400   struct rusage ru;
1401   getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru);
1402   return (ru.ru_stime.tv_sec*1000ULL + ru.ru_stime.tv_usec/1000);
1403 }
1404
1405 double DiffTime(const struct timespec& first, const struct timespec& second)
1406 {
1407   int seconds=second.tv_sec - first.tv_sec;
1408   int nseconds=second.tv_nsec - first.tv_nsec;
1409
1410   if(nseconds < 0) {
1411     seconds-=1;
1412     nseconds+=1000000000;
1413   }
1414   return seconds + nseconds/1000000000.0;
1415 }
1416
1417 double DiffTime(const struct timeval& first, const struct timeval& second)
1418 {
1419   int seconds=second.tv_sec - first.tv_sec;
1420   int useconds=second.tv_usec - first.tv_usec;
1421
1422   if(useconds < 0) {
1423     seconds-=1;
1424     useconds+=1000000;
1425   }
1426   return seconds + useconds/1000000.0;
1427 }
1428
1429 uid_t strToUID(const string &str)
1430 {
1431   uid_t result = 0;
1432   const char * cstr = str.c_str();
1433   struct passwd * pwd = getpwnam(cstr);
1434
1435   if (pwd == NULL) {
1436     long long val;
1437
1438     try {
1439       val = stoll(str);
1440     }
1441     catch(std::exception& e) {
1442       throw runtime_error((boost::format("Error: Unable to parse user ID %s") % cstr).str() );
1443     }
1444
1445     if (val < std::numeric_limits<uid_t>::min() || val > std::numeric_limits<uid_t>::max()) {
1446       throw runtime_error((boost::format("Error: Unable to parse user ID %s") % cstr).str() );
1447     }
1448
1449     result = static_cast<uid_t>(val);
1450   }
1451   else {
1452     result = pwd->pw_uid;
1453   }
1454
1455   return result;
1456 }
1457
1458 gid_t strToGID(const string &str)
1459 {
1460   gid_t result = 0;
1461   const char * cstr = str.c_str();
1462   struct group * grp = getgrnam(cstr);
1463
1464   if (grp == NULL) {
1465     long long val;
1466
1467     try {
1468       val = stoll(str);
1469     }
1470     catch(std::exception& e) {
1471       throw runtime_error((boost::format("Error: Unable to parse group ID %s") % cstr).str() );
1472     }
1473
1474     if (val < std::numeric_limits<gid_t>::min() || val > std::numeric_limits<gid_t>::max()) {
1475       throw runtime_error((boost::format("Error: Unable to parse group ID %s") % cstr).str() );
1476     }
1477
1478     result = static_cast<gid_t>(val);
1479   }
1480   else {
1481     result = grp->gr_gid;
1482   }
1483
1484   return result;
1485 }
1486
1487 unsigned int pdns_stou(const std::string& str, size_t * idx, int base)
1488 {
1489   if (str.empty()) return 0; // compatibility
1490   unsigned long result;
1491   try {
1492     result = std::stoul(str, idx, base);
1493   }
1494   catch(std::invalid_argument& e) {
1495     throw std::invalid_argument(string(e.what()) + "; (invalid argument during std::stoul); data was \""+str+"\"");
1496   }
1497   catch(std::out_of_range& e) {
1498     throw std::out_of_range(string(e.what()) + "; (out of range during std::stoul); data was \""+str+"\"");
1499   }
1500   if (result > std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()) {
1501     throw std::out_of_range("stoul returned result out of unsigned int range; data was \""+str+"\"");
1502   }
1503   return static_cast<unsigned int>(result);
1504 }
1505
1506 bool isSettingThreadCPUAffinitySupported()
1507 {
1508 #ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_SETAFFINITY_NP
1509   return true;
1510 #else
1511   return false;
1512 #endif
1513 }
1514
1515 int mapThreadToCPUList(pthread_t tid, const std::set<int>& cpus)
1516 {
1517 #ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_SETAFFINITY_NP
1518 #  ifdef __NetBSD__
1519   cpuset_t *cpuset;
1520   cpuset = cpuset_create();
1521   for (const auto cpuID : cpus) {
1522     cpuset_set(cpuID, cpuset);
1523   }
1524
1525   return pthread_setaffinity_np(tid,
1526                                 cpuset_size(cpuset),
1527                                 cpuset);
1528 #  else
1529 #    ifdef __FreeBSD__
1530 #      define cpu_set_t cpuset_t
1531 #    endif
1532   cpu_set_t cpuset;
1533   CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
1534   for (const auto cpuID : cpus) {
1535     CPU_SET(cpuID, &cpuset);
1536   }
1537
1538   return pthread_setaffinity_np(tid,
1539                                 sizeof(cpuset),
1540                                 &cpuset);
1541 #  endif
1542 #else
1543   return ENOSYS;
1544 #endif /* HAVE_PTHREAD_SETAFFINITY_NP */
1545 }
1546
1547 std::vector<ComboAddress> getResolvers(const std::string& resolvConfPath)
1548 {
1549   std::vector<ComboAddress> results;
1550
1551   ifstream ifs(resolvConfPath);
1552   if (!ifs) {
1553     return results;
1554   }
1555
1556   string line;
1557   while(std::getline(ifs, line)) {
1558     boost::trim_right_if(line, is_any_of(" \r\n\x1a"));
1559     boost::trim_left(line); // leading spaces, let's be nice
1560
1561     string::size_type tpos = line.find_first_of(";#");
1562     if (tpos != string::npos) {
1563       line.resize(tpos);
1564     }
1565
1566     if (boost::starts_with(line, "nameserver ") || boost::starts_with(line, "nameserver\t")) {
1567       vector<string> parts;
1568       stringtok(parts, line, " \t,"); // be REALLY nice
1569       for(vector<string>::const_iterator iter = parts.begin() + 1; iter != parts.end(); ++iter) {
1570         try {
1571           results.emplace_back(*iter, 53);
1572         }
1573         catch(...)
1574         {
1575         }
1576       }
1577     }
1578   }
1579
1580   return results;
1581 }
1582
1583 size_t getPipeBufferSize(int fd)
1584 {
1585 #ifdef F_GETPIPE_SZ
1586   int res = fcntl(fd, F_GETPIPE_SZ);
1587   if (res == -1) {
1588     return 0;
1589   }
1590   return res;
1591 #else
1592   errno = ENOSYS;
1593   return 0;
1594 #endif /* F_GETPIPE_SZ */
1595 }
1596
1597 bool setPipeBufferSize(int fd, size_t size)
1598 {
1599 #ifdef F_SETPIPE_SZ
1600   if (size > std::numeric_limits<int>::max()) {
1601     errno = EINVAL;
1602     return false;
1603   }
1604   int newSize = static_cast<int>(size);
1605   int res = fcntl(fd, F_SETPIPE_SZ, newSize);
1606   if (res == -1) {
1607     return false;
1608   }
1609   return true;
1610 #else
1611   errno = ENOSYS;
1612   return false;
1613 #endif /* F_SETPIPE_SZ */
1614 }
1615
1616 DNSName reverseNameFromIP(const ComboAddress& ip)
1617 {
1618   if (ip.isIPv4()) {
1619     std::string result("in-addr.arpa.");
1620     auto ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&ip.sin4.sin_addr.s_addr);
1621     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < sizeof(ip.sin4.sin_addr.s_addr); idx++) {
1622       result = std::to_string(ptr[idx]) + "." + result;
1623     }
1624     return DNSName(result);
1625   }
1626   else if (ip.isIPv6()) {
1627     std::string result("ip6.arpa.");
1628     auto ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&ip.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[0]);
1629     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < sizeof(ip.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr); idx++) {
1630       std::stringstream stream;
1631       stream << std::hex << (ptr[idx] & 0x0F);
1632       stream << '.';
1633       stream << std::hex << (((ptr[idx]) >> 4) & 0x0F);
1634       stream << '.';
1635       result = stream.str() + result;
1636     }
1637     return DNSName(result);
1638   }
1639
1640   throw std::runtime_error("Calling reverseNameFromIP() for an address which is neither an IPv4 nor an IPv6");
1641 }