scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 my $quiet = 0;
  26 my $verbose = 0;
  27 my %verbose_messages = ();
  28 my %verbose_emitted = ();
  29 my $tree = 1;
  30 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  31 my $chk_patch = 1;
  32 my $tst_only;
  33 my $emacs = 0;
  34 my $terse = 0;
  35 my $showfile = 0;
  36 my $file = 0;
  37 my $git = 0;
  38 my %git_commits = ();
  39 my $check = 0;
  40 my $check_orig = 0;
  41 my $summary = 1;
  42 my $mailback = 0;
  43 my $summary_file = 0;
  44 my $show_types = 0;
  45 my $list_types = 0;
  46 my $fix = 0;
  47 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  48 my $root;
  49 my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  50 $gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  51 my %debug;
  52 my %camelcase = ();
  53 my %use_type = ();
  54 my @use = ();
  55 my %ignore_type = ();
  56 my @ignore = ();
  57 my $help = 0;
  58 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  59 my $max_line_length = 100;
  60 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  61 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  62 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  63 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  64 my $codespell = 0;
  65 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  66 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  67 my $u_boot = 0;
  68 my $docsfile = "$D/../doc/develop/checkpatch.rst";
  69 my $typedefsfile;
  70 my $color = "auto";
  71 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  72 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  73 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  74 my $tabsize = 8;
  75 my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  76
  77 sub help {
  78         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  79
  80         print << "EOM";
  81 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  82 Version: $V
  83
  84 Options:
  85   -q, --quiet                quiet
  86   -v, --verbose              verbose mode
  87   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  88   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  89   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  90   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  91   --terse                    one line per report
  92   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  93   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  94                              single git commit with:
  95                                <rev>
  96                                <rev>^
  97                                <rev>~n
  98                              multiple git commits with:
  99                                <rev1>..<rev2>
 100                                <rev1>...<rev2>
 101                                <rev>-<count>
 102                              git merges are ignored
 103   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 104   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 105   --list-types               list the possible message types
 106   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 107   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 108   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 109   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 110                              if exceeded, warn on patches
 111                              requires --strict for use with --file
 112   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 113   --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 114   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 115   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 116   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 117   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 118   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 119                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 120                              is all off)
 121   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 122                              literally
 123   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 124                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 125                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 126                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 127                              checkpatch style
 128   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 129                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 130                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 131   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 132                              runtime errors.
 133   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 134                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 135   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 136   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 137   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 138                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 139   --u-boot                   Run additional checks for U-Boot
 140   --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 141                              ${CONFIG_})
 142   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 143
 144 When FILE is - read standard input.
 145 EOM
 146
 147         exit($exitcode);
 148 }
 149
 150 sub uniq {
 151         my %seen;
 152         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 153 }
 154
 155 sub list_types {
 156         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 157
 158         my $count = 0;
 159
 160         local $/ = undef;
 161
 162         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 163             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 164
 165         my $text = <$script>;
 166         close($script);
 167
 168         my %types = ();
 169         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 170         while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 171                 if (defined($1)) {
 172                         if (exists($types{$2})) {
 173                                 $types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 174                         } else {
 175                                 $types{$2} = $1;
 176                         }
 177                 } else {
 178                         $types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 179                 }
 180         }
 181
 182         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 183         if ($color) {
 184                 print(" ( Color coding: ");
 185                 print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 186                 print(" | ");
 187                 print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 188                 print(" | ");
 189                 print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 190                 print(" | ");
 191                 print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 192                 print(" )\n\n");
 193         }
 194
 195         foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 196                 my $orig_type = $type;
 197                 if ($color) {
 198                         my $level = $types{$type};
 199                         if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 200                                 $type = RED . $type . RESET;
 201                         } elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 202                                 $type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 203                         } elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 204                                 $type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 205                         }
 206                 }
 207                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 208                 if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 209                         my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 210                         $message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 211                         print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 212                 }
 213         }
 214
 215         exit($exitcode);
 216 }
 217
 218 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 219 if (-f $conf) {
 220         my @conf_args;
 221         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 222             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 223
 224         while (<$conffile>) {
 225                 my $line = $_;
 226
 227                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 228                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 229                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 230
 231                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 232                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 233
 234                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 235                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 236                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 237                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 238                 }
 239         }
 240         close($conffile);
 241         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 242 }
 243
 244 sub load_docs {
 245         open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 246             or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 247
 248         my $type = '';
 249         my $desc = '';
 250         my $in_desc = 0;
 251
 252         while (<$docs>) {
 253                 chomp;
 254                 my $line = $_;
 255                 $line =~ s/\s+$//;
 256
 257                 if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 258                         if ($desc ne '') {
 259                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 260                         }
 261                         $type = $1;
 262                         $desc = '';
 263                         $in_desc = 1;
 264                 } elsif ($in_desc) {
 265                         if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 266                                 $line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 267                                 $desc .= $line;
 268                                 $desc .= "\n";
 269                         } else {
 270                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 271                                 $type = '';
 272                                 $desc = '';
 273                                 $in_desc = 0;
 274                         }
 275                 }
 276         }
 277
 278         if ($desc ne '') {
 279                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 280         }
 281         close($docs);
 282 }
 283
 284 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 285 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 286 foreach (@ARGV) {
 287         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 288                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 289         }
 290 }
 291
 292 GetOptions(
 293         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 294         'v|verbose!'    => \$verbose,
 295         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 296         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 297         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 298         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 299         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 300         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 301         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 302         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 303         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 304         'strict!'       => \$check,
 305         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 306         'types=s'       => \@use,
 307         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 308         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 309         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 310         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 311         'tab-size=i'    => \$tabsize,
 312         'root=s'        => \$root,
 313         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 314         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 315         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 316         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 317         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 318         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 319         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 320         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 321         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 322         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 323         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 324         'u-boot'        => \$u_boot,
 325         'color=s'       => \$color,
 326         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 327         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 328         'kconfig-prefix=s'      => \${CONFIG_},
 329         'h|help'        => \$help,
 330         'version'       => \$help
 331 ) or help(1);
 332
 333 help(0) if ($help);
 334
 335 die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 336 die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 337
 338 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 339         $color = !$color;
 340 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 341         $color = 1;
 342 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 343         $color = 0;
 344 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 345         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 346 } else {
 347         die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 348 }
 349
 350 load_docs() if ($verbose);
 351 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 352
 353 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 354 $check_orig = $check;
 355
 356 my $exit = 0;
 357
 358 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 359 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 360         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 361         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 362         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 363 }
 364
 365 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 366 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 367         push(@ARGV, '-');
 368 }
 369
 370 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 371 die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 372
 373 sub hash_save_array_words {
 374         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 375
 376         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 377         foreach my $word (@array) {
 378                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 379                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 380                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 381                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 382
 383                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 384                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 385
 386                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 387         }
 388 }
 389
 390 sub hash_show_words {
 391         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 392
 393         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 394                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 395                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 396                         print " $word";
 397                 }
 398                 print "\n";
 399         }
 400 }
 401
 402 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 403 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 404
 405 my $dbg_values = 0;
 406 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 407 my $dbg_type = 0;
 408 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 409 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 410         ## no critic
 411         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 412         die "$@" if ($@);
 413 }
 414
 415 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 416
 417 if ($terse) {
 418         $emacs = 1;
 419         $quiet++;
 420 }
 421
 422 if ($tree) {
 423         if (defined $root) {
 424                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 425                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 426                 }
 427         } else {
 428                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 429                         $root = '.';
 430                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 431                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 432                         $root = $1;
 433                 }
 434         }
 435
 436         if (!defined $root) {
 437                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 438                 exit(2);
 439         }
 440 }
 441
 442 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 443
 444 our $Ident      = qr{
 445                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 446                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 447                 }x;
 448 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 449 our $Sparse     = qr{
 450                         __user|
 451                         __kernel|
 452                         __force|
 453                         __iomem|
 454                         __must_check|
 455                         __kprobes|
 456                         __ref|
 457                         __refconst|
 458                         __refdata|
 459                         __rcu|
 460                         __private
 461                 }x;
 462 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 463 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 464 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 465 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 466 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 467
 468 # Notes to $Attribute:
 469 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 470 our $Attribute  = qr{
 471                         const|
 472                         volatile|
 473                         __percpu|
 474                         __nocast|
 475                         __safe|
 476                         __bitwise|
 477                         __packed__|
 478                         __packed2__|
 479                         __naked|
 480                         __maybe_unused|
 481                         __always_unused|
 482                         __noreturn|
 483                         __used|
 484                         __cold|
 485                         __pure|
 486                         __noclone|
 487                         __deprecated|
 488                         __read_mostly|
 489                         __ro_after_init|
 490                         __kprobes|
 491                         $InitAttribute|
 492                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 493                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 494                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 495                         __weak
 496                   }x;
 497 our $Modifier;
 498 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 499 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 500 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 501
 502 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 503 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 504 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 505 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 506 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 507 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 508 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 509 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 510 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 511 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 512 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 513 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 514 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 515 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 516 our $Operators  = qr{
 517                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 518                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 519                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 520                   }x;
 521
 522 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 523
 524 our $BasicType;
 525 our $NonptrType;
 526 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 527 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 528 our $Type;
 529 our $TypeMisordered;
 530 our $Declare;
 531 our $DeclareMisordered;
 532
 533 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 534         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 535         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 536         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 537         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 538         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 539         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 540         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 541 }x;
 542
 543 our $UTF8       = qr{
 544         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 545         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 546 }x;
 547
 548 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 549 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 550         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 551         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 552 )};
 553 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 554         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 555         atomic_t
 556 )};
 557 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 558         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 559         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 560         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 561 )};
 562
 563 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 564
 565 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 566         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 567         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 568         TP_printk|
 569         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 570         panic|
 571         debug|
 572         printf|
 573         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 574         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 575 )};
 576
 577 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 578         (?:(?:devm_)?
 579                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 580                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 581                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 582         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 583                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 584         dma_alloc_coherent
 585 )};
 586
 587 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 588         Signed-off-by:|
 589         Co-developed-by:|
 590         Acked-by:|
 591         Tested-by:|
 592         Reviewed-by:|
 593         Reported-by:|
 594         Suggested-by:|
 595         To:|
 596         Cc:
 597 )};
 598
 599 our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 600         [=-]*> |
 601         <[=-]* |
 602         \[ |
 603         \] |
 604         start |
 605         called |
 606         entered |
 607         entry |
 608         enter |
 609         in |
 610         inside |
 611         here |
 612         begin |
 613         exit |
 614         end |
 615         done |
 616         leave |
 617         completed |
 618         out |
 619         return |
 620         [\.\!:\s]*
 621 )};
 622
 623 sub edit_distance_min {
 624         my (@arr) = @_;
 625         my $len = scalar @arr;
 626         if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 627                 # if underflow, return
 628                 return;
 629         }
 630         my $min = $arr[0];
 631         for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 632                 if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 633                         $min = $arr[$i];
 634                 }
 635         }
 636         return $min;
 637 }
 638
 639 sub get_edit_distance {
 640         my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 641         $str1 = lc($str1);
 642         $str2 = lc($str2);
 643         $str1 =~ s/-//g;
 644         $str2 =~ s/-//g;
 645         my $len1 = length($str1);
 646         my $len2 = length($str2);
 647         # two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 648         my @distance;
 649         for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 650                 for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 651                         if ($i == 0) {
 652                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 653                         } elsif ($j == 0) {
 654                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 655                         } elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 656                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 657                         } else {
 658                                 my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 659                                 my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 660                                 my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 661                                 $distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 662                         }
 663                 }
 664         }
 665         return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 666 }
 667
 668 sub find_standard_signature {
 669         my ($sign_off) = @_;
 670         my @standard_signature_tags = (
 671                 'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 672                 'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 673         );
 674         foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 675                 return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 676         }
 677
 678         return "";
 679 }
 680
 681 our @typeListMisordered = (
 682         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 683         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 684         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 685         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 686         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 687         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 688         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 689         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 690         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 691         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 692         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 693         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 694         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 695         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 696         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 697         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 698 );
 699
 700 our @typeList = (
 701         qr{void},
 702         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 703         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 704         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 705         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 706         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 707         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 708         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 709         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 710         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 711         qr{float},
 712         qr{double},
 713         qr{bool},
 714         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 715         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 716         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 717         qr{${Ident}_t},
 718         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 719         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 720         @typeListMisordered,
 721 );
 722
 723 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 724         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 725         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 726         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 727         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 728         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 729         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 730         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 731
 732         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 733         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 734         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 735         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 736         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 737         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 738         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 739
 740         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 741         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 742 )};
 743
 744 our @typeListFile = ();
 745 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 746         @typeList,
 747         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 748         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 749 );
 750
 751 our @modifierList = (
 752         qr{fastcall},
 753 );
 754 our @modifierListFile = ();
 755
 756 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 757         ["module_param", 3],
 758         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 759         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 760         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 761         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 762         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 763         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 764         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 765         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 766         ["__ATTR", 2],
 767 );
 768
 769 my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 770
 771 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 772 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 773 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 774         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 775         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 776 }
 777 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 778
 779 our %deprecated_apis = (
 780         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 781         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 782         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 783         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 784         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 785         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 786         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 787         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 788         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 789         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 790 );
 791
 792 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 793 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 794 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 795         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 796         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 797 }
 798 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 799
 800 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 801         S_IWUGO         |
 802         S_IWOTH         |
 803         S_IRWXUGO       |
 804         S_IALLUGO       |
 805         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 806 }x;
 807
 808 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 809         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 810         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 811         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 812         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 813         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 814         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 815         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 816         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 817         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 818         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 819         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 820         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 821         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 822         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 823         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 824         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 825 );
 826
 827 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 828 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 829 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 830         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 831         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 832 }
 833 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 834 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 835         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 836         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 837 }x;
 838
 839 sub perms_to_octal {
 840         my ($string) = @_;
 841
 842         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 843
 844         my $val = "";
 845         my $oval = "";
 846         my $to = 0;
 847         my $curpos = 0;
 848         my $lastpos = 0;
 849         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 850                 $curpos = pos($string);
 851                 my $match = $2;
 852                 my $omatch = $1;
 853                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 854                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 855                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 856                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 857                 $val .= $match;
 858                 $oval .= $omatch;
 859         }
 860         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 861         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 862         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 863 }
 864
 865 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 866         irq|
 867         memory|
 868         time|
 869         reboot
 870 )};
 871 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 872
 873 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 874 my $misspellings;
 875 my %spelling_fix;
 876
 877 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 878         while (<$spelling>) {
 879                 my $line = $_;
 880
 881                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 882                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 883
 884                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 885                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 886
 887                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 888
 889                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 890         }
 891         close($spelling);
 892 } else {
 893         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 894 }
 895
 896 if ($codespell) {
 897         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 898                 while (<$spelling>) {
 899                         my $line = $_;
 900
 901                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 902                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 903
 904                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 905                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 906                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 907
 908                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 909
 910                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 911
 912                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 913                 }
 914                 close($spelling);
 915         } else {
 916                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 917         }
 918 }
 919
 920 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 921
 922 sub read_words {
 923         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 924
 925         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 926                 while (<$words>) {
 927                         my $line = $_;
 928
 929                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 930                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 931
 932                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 933                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 934                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 935                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 936                                 next;
 937                         }
 938
 939                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 940                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 941                 }
 942                 close($file);
 943                 return 1;
 944         }
 945
 946         return 0;
 947 }
 948
 949 my $const_structs;
 950 if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
 951         read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 952             or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 953 }
 954
 955 if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
 956         my $typeOtherTypedefs;
 957         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 958             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 959         $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
 960 }
 961
 962 sub build_types {
 963         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 964         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 965         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 966         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 967         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 968         $BasicType      = qr{
 969                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 970                                 (?:${all}\b)
 971                 }x;
 972         $NonptrType     = qr{
 973                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 974                         (?:
 975                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 976                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 977                                 (?:${all}\b)
 978                         )
 979                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 980                   }x;
 981         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 982                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 983                         (?:
 984                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 985                         )
 986                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 987                   }x;
 988         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 989                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 990                         (?:
 991                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 992                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 993                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 994                         )
 995                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 996                   }x;
 997         $Type   = qr{
 998                         $NonptrType
 999                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1000                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1001                   }x;
1002         $TypeMisordered = qr{
1003                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
1004                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1005                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1006                   }x;
1007         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1008         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1009 }
1010 build_types();
1011
1012 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1013
1014 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1015 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1016 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1017
1018 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1019 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1020 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1021
1022 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1023         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1024         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1025         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
1026 )};
1027
1028 our %allow_repeated_words = (
1029         add => '',
1030         added => '',
1031         bad => '',
1032         be => '',
1033 );
1034
1035 sub deparenthesize {
1036         my ($string) = @_;
1037         return "" if (!defined($string));
1038
1039         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1040                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1041                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1042         }
1043
1044         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1045
1046         return $string;
1047 }
1048
1049 sub seed_camelcase_file {
1050         my ($file) = @_;
1051
1052         return if (!(-f $file));
1053
1054         local $/;
1055
1056         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1057             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1058         my $text = <$include_file>;
1059         close($include_file);
1060
1061         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1062
1063         foreach my $line (@lines) {
1064                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1065                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1066                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1067                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1068                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1069                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1070                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1071                 }
1072         }
1073 }
1074
1075 our %maintained_status = ();
1076
1077 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1078         my ($filename) = @_;
1079
1080         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1081
1082         if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1083                 $maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1084         }
1085
1086         return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1087 }
1088
1089 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1090         my ($license) = @_;
1091
1092         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1093
1094         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1095         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1096         return 0 if ($status ne "");
1097         return 1;
1098 }
1099
1100 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1101 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1102         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1103
1104         my $files;
1105         my $camelcase_cache = "";
1106         my @include_files = ();
1107
1108         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
1109
1110         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1111                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1112                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1113                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1114         } else {
1115                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
1116                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1117                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1118                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1119                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1120                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1121                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1122                 }
1123                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1124         }
1125
1126         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1127                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1128                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1129                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1130                         chomp;
1131                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
1132                 }
1133                 close($camelcase_file);
1134
1135                 return;
1136         }
1137
1138         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1139                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1140                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1141         }
1142
1143         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1144                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
1145         }
1146
1147         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1148                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1149                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1150                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1151                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1152                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1153                 }
1154                 close($camelcase_file);
1155         }
1156 }
1157
1158 sub git_is_single_file {
1159         my ($filename) = @_;
1160
1161         return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1162
1163         my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1164         my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1165         return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1166 }
1167
1168 sub git_commit_info {
1169         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1170
1171         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1172
1173         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1174         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1175         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1176
1177         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1178
1179         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1180 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1181 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1182 #
1183 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
1184 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1185 #               while read line ; do
1186 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1187 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1188 #               done
1189         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
1190                 $id = undef;
1191         } else {
1192                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1193                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1194         }
1195
1196         return ($id, $desc);
1197 }
1198
1199 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1200
1201 my @rawlines = ();
1202 my @lines = ();
1203 my @fixed = ();
1204 my @fixed_inserted = ();
1205 my @fixed_deleted = ();
1206 my $fixlinenr = -1;
1207
1208 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1209 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1210 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1211
1212 if ($git) {
1213         my @commits = ();
1214         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1215                 my $git_range;
1216                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1217                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1218                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1219                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1220                 } else {
1221                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1222                 }
1223                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1224                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1225                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1226                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1227                         my $sha1 = $1;
1228                         my $subject = $2;
1229                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1230                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1231                 }
1232         }
1233         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1234         @ARGV = @commits;
1235 }
1236
1237 my $vname;
1238 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1239 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1240         my $FILE;
1241         my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1242         my $oldfile = $file;
1243         $file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1244         if ($git) {
1245                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1246                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1247         } elsif ($file) {
1248                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1249                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1250         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1251                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1252         } else {
1253                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1254                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1255         }
1256         if ($filename eq '-') {
1257                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1258         } elsif ($git) {
1259                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1260         } else {
1261                 $vname = $filename;
1262         }
1263         while (<$FILE>) {
1264                 chomp;
1265                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1266                 $vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1267         }
1268         close($FILE);
1269
1270         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1271                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1272                 print "$vname\n";
1273                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1274         }
1275
1276         if (!process($filename)) {
1277                 $exit = 1;
1278         }
1279         @rawlines = ();
1280         @lines = ();
1281         @fixed = ();
1282         @fixed_inserted = ();
1283         @fixed_deleted = ();
1284         $fixlinenr = -1;
1285         @modifierListFile = ();
1286         @typeListFile = ();
1287         build_types();
1288         $file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1289 }
1290
1291 if (!$quiet) {
1292         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1293         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1294
1295         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1296                 print << "EOM"
1297
1298 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1299       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1300 EOM
1301         }
1302         if ($exit) {
1303                 print << "EOM"
1304
1305 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1306       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1307 EOM
1308         }
1309 }
1310
1311 exit($exit);
1312
1313 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1314         my ($root) = @_;
1315
1316         my @tree_check = (
1317                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1318                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1319                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1320         );
1321
1322         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1323                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1324                         return 0;
1325                 }
1326         }
1327         return 1;
1328 }
1329
1330 sub parse_email {
1331         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1332
1333         my $name = "";
1334         my $quoted = "";
1335         my $name_comment = "";
1336         my $address = "";
1337         my $comment = "";
1338
1339         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1340                 $name = $1;
1341                 $address = $2;
1342                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1343         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1344                 $address = $1;
1345                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1346         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1347                 $address = $1;
1348                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1349                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1350                 $name = $formatted_email;
1351                 $name = trim($name);
1352                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1353                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1354                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1355                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1356                 # is invalid. ie:
1357                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1358                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1359                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1360                         $name = "";
1361                         $address = "";
1362                         $comment = "";
1363                 }
1364         }
1365
1366         # Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1367         # "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1368         if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1369                 $quoted = $1;
1370         }
1371         while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1372                 $name_comment .= trim($1);
1373         }
1374         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1375         $name = trim("$quoted $name");
1376
1377         $address = trim($address);
1378         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1379         $comment = trim($comment);
1380
1381         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1382                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1383                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1384         }
1385
1386         return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1387 }
1388
1389 sub format_email {
1390         my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1391
1392         my $formatted_email;
1393
1394         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1395         $address = trim($address);
1396         $address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1397
1398         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1399                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1400                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1401         }
1402
1403         $name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1404         $name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1405         $comment = trim($comment);
1406         $comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1407
1408         if ("$name" eq "") {
1409                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1410         } else {
1411                 $formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1412         }
1413         $formatted_email .= "$comment";
1414         return $formatted_email;
1415 }
1416
1417 sub reformat_email {
1418         my ($email) = @_;
1419
1420         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1421         return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1422 }
1423
1424 sub same_email_addresses {
1425         my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1426
1427         my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1428         my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1429
1430         return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1431                $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1432                $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1433                $comment1 eq $comment2;
1434 }
1435
1436 sub which {
1437         my ($bin) = @_;
1438
1439         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1440                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1441                         return "$path/$bin";
1442                 }
1443         }
1444
1445         return "";
1446 }
1447
1448 sub which_conf {
1449         my ($conf) = @_;
1450
1451         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1452                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1453                         return "$path/$conf";
1454                 }
1455         }
1456
1457         return "";
1458 }
1459
1460 sub expand_tabs {
1461         my ($str) = @_;
1462
1463         my $res = '';
1464         my $n = 0;
1465         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1466                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1467                         $res .= ' ';
1468                         $n++;
1469                         for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1470                                 $res .= ' ';
1471                         }
1472                         next;
1473                 }
1474                 $res .= $c;
1475                 $n++;
1476         }
1477
1478         return $res;
1479 }
1480 sub copy_spacing {
1481         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1482         return $res;
1483 }
1484
1485 sub line_stats {
1486         my ($line) = @_;
1487
1488         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1489         $line =~ s/^.//;
1490         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1491
1492         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1493         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1494
1495         return (length($line), length($white));
1496 }
1497
1498 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1499
1500 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1501         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1502
1503         if ($in_comment) {
1504                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1505         } else {
1506                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1507         }
1508 }
1509 sub sanitise_line {
1510         my ($line) = @_;
1511
1512         my $res = '';
1513         my $l = '';
1514
1515         my $qlen = 0;
1516         my $off = 0;
1517         my $c;
1518
1519         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1520         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1521
1522         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1523                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1524
1525                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1526                 # and end, all to $;.
1527                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1528                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1529
1530                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1531                         $off++;
1532                         next;
1533                 }
1534                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1535                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1536                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1537                         $off++;
1538                         next;
1539                 }
1540                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1541                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1542
1543                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1544                         $off++;
1545                         next;
1546                 }
1547
1548                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1549                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1550                     $c eq "\\") {
1551                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1552                         $off++;
1553                         next;
1554                 }
1555                 # Regular quotes.
1556                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1557                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1558                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1559
1560                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1561                                 next;
1562                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1563                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1564                         }
1565                 }
1566
1567                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1568                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1569                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1570                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1571                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1572                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1573                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1574                 } else {
1575                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1576                 }
1577         }
1578
1579         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1580                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1581         }
1582
1583         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1584         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1585                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1586                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1587
1588         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1589         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1590                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1591                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1592         }
1593
1594         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1595                 my $match = $1;
1596                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1597         }
1598
1599         return $res;
1600 }
1601
1602 sub get_quoted_string {
1603         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1604
1605         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1606         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1607         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1608 }
1609
1610 sub ctx_statement_block {
1611         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1612         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1613         my $blk = '';
1614         my $soff = $off;
1615         my $coff = $off - 1;
1616         my $coff_set = 0;
1617
1618         my $loff = 0;
1619
1620         my $type = '';
1621         my $level = 0;
1622         my @stack = ();
1623         my $p;
1624         my $c;
1625         my $len = 0;
1626
1627         my $remainder;
1628         while (1) {
1629                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1630
1631                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1632                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1633                 # context.
1634                 if ($off >= $len) {
1635                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1636                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1637                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1638                                 $remain--;
1639                                 $loff = $len;
1640                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1641                                 $len = length($blk);
1642                                 $line++;
1643                                 last;
1644                         }
1645                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1646                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1647                         if ($off >= $len) {
1648                                 last;
1649                         }
1650                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1651                                 $level++;
1652                                 $type = '#';
1653                         }
1654                 }
1655                 $p = $c;
1656                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1657                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1658
1659                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1660
1661                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1662                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1663                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1664                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1665                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1666                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1667                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1668                 }
1669
1670                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1671                 # outermost level.
1672                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1673                         last;
1674                 }
1675
1676                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1677                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1678                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1679                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1680                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1681                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1682                         $coff_set = 1;
1683                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1684                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1685                 }
1686
1687                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1688                         $level++;
1689                         $type = '(';
1690                 }
1691                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1692                         $level--;
1693                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1694
1695                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1696                                 $coff = $off;
1697                                 $coff_set = 1;
1698                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1699                         }
1700                 }
1701                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1702                         $level++;
1703                         $type = '{';
1704                 }
1705                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1706                         $level--;
1707                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1708
1709                         if ($level == 0) {
1710                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1711                                         $off++;
1712                                 }
1713                                 last;
1714                         }
1715                 }
1716                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1717                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1718                         $level--;
1719                         $type = '';
1720                         $off++;
1721                         last;
1722                 }
1723                 $off++;
1724         }
1725         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1726         if ($off == $len) {
1727                 $loff = $len + 1;
1728                 $line++;
1729                 $remain--;
1730         }
1731
1732         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1733         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1734
1735         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1736         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1737
1738         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1739
1740         return ($statement, $condition,
1741                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1742 }
1743
1744 sub statement_lines {
1745         my ($stmt) = @_;
1746
1747         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1748         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1749         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1750         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1751
1752         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1753
1754         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1755 }
1756
1757 sub statement_rawlines {
1758         my ($stmt) = @_;
1759
1760         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1761
1762         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1763 }
1764
1765 sub statement_block_size {
1766         my ($stmt) = @_;
1767
1768         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1769         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1770         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1771         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1772         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1773
1774         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1775         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1776
1777         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1778         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1779
1780         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1781                 return $stmt_lines;
1782         } else {
1783                 return $stmt_statements;
1784         }
1785 }
1786
1787 sub ctx_statement_full {
1788         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1789         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1790
1791         my (@chunks);
1792
1793         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1794         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1795                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1796         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1797         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1798         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1799                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1800         }
1801
1802         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1803         # could continue the statement.
1804         for (;;) {
1805                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1806                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1807                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1808                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1809                 #print "C: push\n";
1810                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1811         }
1812
1813         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1814 }
1815
1816 sub ctx_block_get {
1817         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1818         my $line;
1819         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1820         my $blk = '';
1821         my @o;
1822         my @c;
1823         my @res = ();
1824
1825         my $level = 0;
1826         my @stack = ($level);
1827         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1828                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1829                 $remain--;
1830
1831                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1832
1833                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1834                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1835                         push(@stack, $level);
1836                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1837                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1838                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1839                         $level = pop(@stack);
1840                 }
1841
1842                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1843                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1844                         if ($off > 0) {
1845                                 $off--;
1846                                 next;
1847                         }
1848
1849                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1850                                 $level--;
1851                                 last if ($level == 0);
1852                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1853                                 $level++;
1854                         }
1855                 }
1856
1857                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1858                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1859                 }
1860
1861                 last if ($level == 0);
1862         }
1863
1864         return ($level, @res);
1865 }
1866 sub ctx_block_outer {
1867         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1868
1869         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1870         return @r;
1871 }
1872 sub ctx_block {
1873         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1874
1875         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1876         return @r;
1877 }
1878 sub ctx_statement {
1879         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1880
1881         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1882         return @r;
1883 }
1884 sub ctx_block_level {
1885         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1886
1887         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1888 }
1889 sub ctx_statement_level {
1890         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1891
1892         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1893 }
1894
1895 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1896         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1897
1898         # If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1899         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1900         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1901         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1902         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1903         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1904         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1905
1906         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1907         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1908         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1909
1910         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1911         # comment.
1912         my $in_comment = 0;
1913         $current_comment = '';
1914         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1915                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1916                 #warn "           $line\n";
1917                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1918                         $in_comment = 1;
1919                 }
1920                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1921                         $in_comment = 1;
1922                 }
1923                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1924                         $current_comment = '';
1925                 }
1926                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1927                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1928                         $in_comment = 0;
1929                 }
1930         }
1931
1932         chomp($current_comment);
1933         return($current_comment);
1934 }
1935 sub ctx_has_comment {
1936         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1937         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1938
1939         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1940         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1941
1942         return ($cmt ne '');
1943 }
1944
1945 sub raw_line {
1946         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1947
1948         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1949         $cnt++;
1950
1951         my $line;
1952         while ($cnt) {
1953                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1954                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1955                 $cnt--;
1956         }
1957
1958         return $line;
1959 }
1960
1961 sub get_stat_real {
1962         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1963
1964         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1965         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1966                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1967         }
1968
1969         return $stat_real;
1970 }
1971
1972 sub get_stat_here {
1973         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1974
1975         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1976         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1977                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1978         }
1979
1980         return $herectx;
1981 }
1982
1983 sub cat_vet {
1984         my ($vet) = @_;
1985         my ($res, $coded);
1986
1987         $res = '';
1988         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1989                 $res .= $1;
1990                 if ($2 ne '') {
1991                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1992                         $res .= $coded;
1993                 }
1994         }
1995         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1996
1997         return $res;
1998 }
1999
2000 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2001 my $av_pending;
2002 my @av_paren_type;
2003 my $av_pend_colon;
2004
2005 sub annotate_reset {
2006         $av_preprocessor = 0;
2007         $av_pending = '_';
2008         @av_paren_type = ('E');
2009         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2010 }
2011
2012 sub annotate_values {
2013         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2014
2015         my $res;
2016         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2017         my $cur = $stream;
2018
2019         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2020
2021         while (length($cur)) {
2022                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2023                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2024                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2025                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2026                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2027                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2028                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2029                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
2030                         }
2031
2032                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2033                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2034                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2035                         $type = 'c';
2036
2037                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2038                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2039                         $type = 'T';
2040
2041                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2042                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2043                         $type = 'T';
2044
2045                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2046                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2047                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2048                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2049                         if ($2 ne '') {
2050                                 $av_pending = 'N';
2051                         }
2052                         $type = 'E';
2053
2054                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2055                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2056                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2057                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2058
2059                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2060                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2061                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2062
2063                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2064                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2065                         $type = 'E';
2066
2067                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2068                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2069                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2070
2071                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2072
2073                         $type = 'E';
2074
2075                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2076                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2077
2078                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2079
2080                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2081                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2082                         pop(@av_paren_type);
2083                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2084                         $type = 'E';
2085
2086                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2087                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2088
2089                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2090                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2091                         $av_pending = $type;
2092                         $type = 'N';
2093
2094                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2095                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2096                         if (defined $2) {
2097                                 $av_pending = 'V';
2098                         }
2099                         $type = 'N';
2100
2101                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2102                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103                         $av_pending = 'E';
2104                         $type = 'N';
2105
2106                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2107                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2108                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
2109                         $type = 'N';
2110
2111                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2112                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2113                         $type = 'N';
2114
2115                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2116                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2117                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2118                         $av_pending = '_';
2119                         $type = 'N';
2120
2121                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2122                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2123                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
2124                                 $type = $new_type;
2125                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2126                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
2127                         } else {
2128                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2129                         }
2130
2131                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2132                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2133                         $type = 'V';
2134                         $av_pending = 'V';
2135
2136                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2137                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2138                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
2139                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2140                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
2141                         }
2142                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2143                         $type = 'V';
2144
2145                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2146                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2147                         $type = 'V';
2148
2149                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2150                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2151                         $type = 'N';
2152
2153                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2154                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2155                         $type = 'E';
2156                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2157
2158                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2159                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2160                         $type = 'C';
2161
2162                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2163                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2164                         $type = 'N';
2165
2166                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2167                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2168
2169                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2170                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2171                                 $type = 'E';
2172                         } else {
2173                                 $type = 'N';
2174                         }
2175                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2176
2177                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2178                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2179                         $type = 'N';
2180
2181                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2182                         my $variant;
2183
2184                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2185                         if ($type eq 'V') {
2186                                 $variant = 'B';
2187                         } else {
2188                                 $variant = 'U';
2189                         }
2190
2191                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2192                         $type = 'N';
2193
2194                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2195                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2196                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2197                                 $type = 'N';
2198                         }
2199
2200                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2201                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2202                 }
2203                 if (defined $1) {
2204                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2205                         $res .= $type x length($1);
2206                 }
2207         }
2208
2209         return ($res, $var);
2210 }
2211
2212 sub possible {
2213         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2214         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2215                 ^(?:
2216                         $Modifier|
2217                         $Storage|
2218                         $Type|
2219                         DEFINE_\S+
2220                 )$|
2221                 ^(?:
2222                         goto|
2223                         return|
2224                         case|
2225                         else|
2226                         asm|__asm__|
2227                         do|
2228                         \#|
2229                         \#\#|
2230                 )(?:\s|$)|
2231                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2232             )}x;
2233         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2234         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2235                 # Check for modifiers.
2236                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2237                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2238                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2239
2240                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2241                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2242                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2243                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2244                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2245                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2246                                 }
2247                         }
2248
2249                 } else {
2250                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2251                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2252                 }
2253                 build_types();
2254         } else {
2255                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2256         }
2257 }
2258
2259 my $prefix = '';
2260
2261 sub show_type {
2262         my ($type) = @_;
2263
2264         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2265
2266         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2267
2268         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2269 }
2270
2271 sub report {
2272         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2273
2274         if (!show_type($type) ||
2275             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2276                 return 0;
2277         }
2278         my $output = '';
2279         if ($color) {
2280                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2281                         $output .= RED;
2282                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2283                         $output .= YELLOW;
2284                 } else {
2285                         $output .= GREEN;
2286                 }
2287         }
2288         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2289         if ($show_types) {
2290                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2291                 $output .= "$type:";
2292         }
2293         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2294         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2295
2296         if ($showfile) {
2297                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2298                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2299                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2300         }
2301
2302         if ($terse) {
2303                 $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2304         }
2305
2306         if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2307             !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2308                 $output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2309                 $verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2310         }
2311
2312         push(our @report, $output);
2313
2314         return 1;
2315 }
2316
2317 sub report_dump {
2318         our @report;
2319 }
2320
2321 sub fixup_current_range {
2322         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2323
2324         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2325                 my $o = $1;
2326                 my $l = $2;
2327                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2328                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2329                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2330         }
2331 }
2332
2333 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2334         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2335
2336         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2337         my $delta_offset = 0;
2338
2339         my $old_linenr = 0;
2340         my $new_linenr = 0;
2341
2342         my $next_insert = 0;
2343         my $next_delete = 0;
2344
2345         my @lines = ();
2346
2347         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2348         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2349
2350         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2351                 my $save_line = 1;
2352                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2353                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2354                         $delta_offset = 0;
2355                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2356                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2357                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2358                 }
2359
2360                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2361                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2362                         $save_line = 0;
2363                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2364                 }
2365
2366                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2367                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2368                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2369                         $new_linenr++;
2370                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2371                 }
2372
2373                 if ($save_line) {
2374                         push(@lines, $line);
2375                         $new_linenr++;
2376                 }
2377
2378                 $old_linenr++;
2379         }
2380
2381         return @lines;
2382 }
2383
2384 sub fix_insert_line {
2385         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2386
2387         my $inserted = {
2388                 LINENR => $linenr,
2389                 LINE => $line,
2390         };
2391         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2392 }
2393
2394 sub fix_delete_line {
2395         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2396
2397         my $deleted = {
2398                 LINENR => $linenr,
2399                 LINE => $line,
2400         };
2401
2402         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2403 }
2404
2405 sub ERROR {
2406         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2407
2408         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2409                 our $clean = 0;
2410                 our $cnt_error++;
2411                 return 1;
2412         }
2413         return 0;
2414 }
2415 sub WARN {
2416         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2417
2418         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2419                 our $clean = 0;
2420                 our $cnt_warn++;
2421                 return 1;
2422         }
2423         return 0;
2424 }
2425 sub CHK {
2426         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2427
2428         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2429                 our $clean = 0;
2430                 our $cnt_chk++;
2431                 return 1;
2432         }
2433         return 0;
2434 }
2435
2436 sub check_absolute_file {
2437         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2438         my $file = $absolute;
2439
2440         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2441
2442         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2443         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2444                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2445                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2446                         last;
2447                 }
2448         }
2449         if (! -f _)  {
2450                 return 0;
2451         }
2452
2453         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2454         my $prefix = $absolute;
2455         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2456
2457         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2458         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2459                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2460                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2461         }
2462 }
2463
2464 sub trim {
2465         my ($string) = @_;
2466
2467         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2468
2469         return $string;
2470 }
2471
2472 sub ltrim {
2473         my ($string) = @_;
2474
2475         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2476
2477         return $string;
2478 }
2479
2480 sub rtrim {
2481         my ($string) = @_;
2482
2483         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2484
2485         return $string;
2486 }
2487
2488 sub string_find_replace {
2489         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2490
2491         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2492
2493         return $string;
2494 }
2495
2496 sub tabify {
2497         my ($leading) = @_;
2498
2499         my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2500         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2501         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2502
2503         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2504         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2505         #Remove spaces before a tab
2506         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2507
2508         return "$leading";
2509 }
2510
2511 sub pos_last_openparen {
2512         my ($line) = @_;
2513
2514         my $pos = 0;
2515
2516         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2517         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2518
2519         my $last_openparen = 0;
2520
2521         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2522                 return -1;
2523         }
2524
2525         my $len = length($line);
2526
2527         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2528                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2529                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2530                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2531                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2532                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2533                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2534                         last;
2535                 }
2536         }
2537
2538         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2539 }
2540
2541 sub get_raw_comment {
2542         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2543         my $comment = '';
2544
2545         for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2546                 if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2547                         $comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2548                 }
2549         }
2550
2551         return $comment;
2552 }
2553
2554 # Args:
2555 #   line: Patch line to check
2556 #   auto: Auto variable name, e.g. "per_child_auto"
2557 #   suffix: Suffix to expect on member, e.g. "_priv"
2558 #   warning: Warning name, e.g. "PRIV_AUTO"
2559 sub u_boot_struct_name {
2560         my ($line, $auto, $suffix, $warning, $herecurr) = @_;
2561
2562         # Use _priv as a suffix for the device-private data struct
2563         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\.${auto}\s*=\s*sizeof\(struct\((\w+)\).*/) {
2564                 my $struct_name = $1;
2565                 if ($struct_name !~ /^\w+${suffix}/) {
2566                         WARN($warning,
2567                                  "struct \'$struct_name\' should have a ${suffix} suffix\n"
2568                                  . $herecurr);
2569                 }
2570         }
2571 }
2572
2573 # Checks specific to U-Boot
2574 sub u_boot_line {
2575         my ($realfile, $line, $rawline, $herecurr) = @_;
2576
2577         # ask for a test if a new uclass ID is added
2578         if ($realfile =~ /uclass-id.h/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2579                 WARN("NEW_UCLASS",
2580                      "Possible new uclass - make sure to add a sandbox driver, plus a test in test/dm/<name>.c\n" . $herecurr);
2581         }
2582
2583         # try to get people to use the livetree API
2584         if ($line =~ /^\+.*fdtdec_/) {
2585                 WARN("LIVETREE",
2586                      "Use the livetree API (dev_read_...)\n" . $herecurr);
2587         }
2588
2589         # add tests for new commands
2590         if ($line =~ /^\+.*do_($Ident)\(struct cmd_tbl.*/) {
2591                 WARN("CMD_TEST",
2592                      "Possible new command - make sure you add a test\n" . $herecurr);
2593         }
2594
2595         # use if instead of #if
2596         if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && $line =~ /^\+#if.*CONFIG.*/) {
2597                 WARN("PREFER_IF",
2598                      "Use 'if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG...))' instead of '#if or #ifdef' where possible\n" . $herecurr);
2599         }
2600
2601         # prefer strl(cpy|cat) over strn(cpy|cat)
2602         if ($line =~ /\bstrn(cpy|cat)\s*\(/) {
2603                 WARN("STRL",
2604                      "strl$1 is preferred over strn$1 because it always produces a nul-terminated string\n" . $herecurr);
2605         }
2606
2607         # use defconfig to manage CONFIG_CMD options
2608         if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*(define|undef)\s+(CONFIG_CMD\w*)\b/) {
2609                 ERROR("DEFINE_CONFIG_CMD",
2610                       "All commands are managed by Kconfig\n" . $herecurr);
2611         }
2612
2613         # Don't put common.h and dm.h in header files
2614         if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+#include\s*<(common|dm)\.h>*/) {
2615                 ERROR("BARRED_INCLUDE_IN_HDR",
2616                       "Avoid including common.h and dm.h in header files\n" . $herecurr);
2617         }
2618
2619         # Do not disable fdt / initrd relocation
2620         if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*(fdt|initrd)_high=0xffffffff/) {
2621                 ERROR("DISABLE_FDT_OR_INITRD_RELOC",
2622                      "fdt or initrd relocation disabled at boot time\n" . $herecurr);
2623         }
2624
2625         # make sure 'skip_board_fixup' is not
2626         if ($rawline =~ /.*skip_board_fixup.*/) {
2627                 ERROR("SKIP_BOARD_FIXUP",
2628                      "Avoid setting skip_board_fixup env variable\n" . $herecurr);
2629         }
2630
2631         # Do not use CONFIG_ prefix in CONFIG_IS_ENABLED() calls
2632         if ($line =~ /^\+.*CONFIG_IS_ENABLED\(CONFIG_\w*\).*/) {
2633                 ERROR("CONFIG_IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
2634                       "CONFIG_IS_ENABLED() takes values without the CONFIG_ prefix\n" . $herecurr);
2635         }
2636
2637         # Use _priv as a suffix for the device-private data struct
2638         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\.priv_auto\s*=\s*sizeof\(struct\((\w+)\).*/) {
2639                 my $struct_name = $1;
2640                 if ($struct_name !~ /^\w+_priv/) {
2641                         WARN("PRIV_AUTO", "struct \'$struct_name\' should have a _priv suffix");
2642                 }
2643         }
2644
2645         # Check struct names for the 'auto' members of struct driver
2646         u_boot_struct_name($line, "priv_auto", "_priv", "PRIV_AUTO", $herecurr);
2647         u_boot_struct_name($line, "plat_auto", "_plat", "PLAT_AUTO", $herecurr);
2648         u_boot_struct_name($line, "per_child_auto", "_priv", "CHILD_PRIV_AUTO", $herecurr);
2649         u_boot_struct_name($line, "per_child_plat_auto", "_plat",
2650                 "CHILD_PLAT_AUTO", $herecurr);
2651
2652         # Now the ones for struct uclass, skipping those in common with above
2653         u_boot_struct_name($line, "per_device_auto", "_priv",
2654                 "DEVICE_PRIV_AUTO", $herecurr);
2655         u_boot_struct_name($line, "per_device_plat_auto", "_plat",
2656                 "DEVICE_PLAT_AUTO", $herecurr);
2657 }
2658
2659 sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2660         my ($realfile) = @_;
2661
2662         # Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2663         return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2664                 $realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2665                 $realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2666 }
2667
2668 sub process {
2669         my $filename = shift;
2670
2671         my $linenr=0;
2672         my $prevline="";
2673         my $prevrawline="";
2674         my $stashline="";
2675         my $stashrawline="";
2676
2677         my $length;
2678         my $indent;
2679         my $previndent=0;
2680         my $stashindent=0;
2681
2682         our $clean = 1;
2683         my $signoff = 0;
2684         my $author = '';
2685         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2686         my $author_sob = '';
2687         my $is_patch = 0;
2688         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2689         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2690         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2691         my $has_patch_separator = 0;    #Found a --- line
2692         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2693         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2694         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2695         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2696         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2697         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2698         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2699
2700         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2701         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2702
2703         our @report = ();
2704         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2705         our $cnt_error = 0;
2706         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2707         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2708
2709         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2710         my $realfile = '';
2711         my $realline = 0;
2712         my $realcnt = 0;
2713         my $here = '';
2714         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2715         my $in_comment = 0;
2716         my $comment_edge = 0;
2717         my $first_line = 0;
2718         my $p1_prefix = '';
2719
2720         my $prev_values = 'E';
2721
2722         # suppression flags
2723         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2724         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2725         my %suppress_export;
2726         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2727
2728         my %signatures = ();
2729
2730         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2731         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2732         #
2733         my @setup_docs = ();
2734         my $setup_docs = 0;
2735
2736         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2737
2738         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2739
2740         sanitise_line_reset();
2741         my $line;
2742         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2743                 $linenr++;
2744                 $line = $rawline;
2745
2746                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2747
2748                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2749                         $setup_docs = 0;
2750                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2751                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2752                         }
2753                         #next;
2754                 }
2755                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2756                         $realline=$1-1;
2757                         if (defined $2) {
2758                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2759                         } else {
2760                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2761                         }
2762                         $in_comment = 0;
2763
2764                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2765                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2766                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2767                         # at context start.
2768                         my $edge;
2769                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2770                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2771                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2772                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2773                                 $cnt--;
2774                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2775                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2776                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2777                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2778                                         ($edge) = $1;
2779                                         last;
2780                                 }
2781                         }
2782                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2783                                 $in_comment = 1;
2784                         }
2785
2786                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2787                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2788                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2789                         if (!defined $edge &&
2790                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2791                         {
2792                                 $in_comment = 1;
2793                         }
2794
2795                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2796                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2797
2798                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2799                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2800                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2801                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2802                 }
2803                 push(@lines, $line);
2804
2805                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2806                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2807                 } else {
2808                         $realcnt = 0;
2809                 }
2810
2811                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2812                 #print "-->$line\n";
2813
2814                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2815                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2816                 }
2817         }
2818
2819         $prefix = '';
2820
2821         $realcnt = 0;
2822         $linenr = 0;
2823         $fixlinenr = -1;
2824         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2825                 $linenr++;
2826                 $fixlinenr++;
2827                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2828                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2829
2830                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2831                 my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2832
2833 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2834                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2835                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2836                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2837                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2838                         $is_patch = 1;
2839                 }
2840
2841 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2842                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2843                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2844                         my $context = $4;
2845                         $is_patch = 1;
2846                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2847                         $realline=$1-1;
2848                         if (defined $2) {
2849                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2850                         } else {
2851                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2852                         }
2853                         annotate_reset();
2854                         $prev_values = 'E';
2855
2856                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2857                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2858                         %suppress_export = ();
2859                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2860                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2861                                 $context_function = $1;
2862                         } else {
2863                                 undef $context_function;
2864                         }
2865                         next;
2866
2867 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2868 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2869 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2870                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2871                         $realline++;
2872                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2873
2874                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2875                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2876
2877                         # Track the previous line.
2878                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2879                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2880                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2881
2882                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2883
2884                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2885                         $realcnt--;
2886                 }
2887
2888                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2889
2890                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2891                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2892
2893                 my $found_file = 0;
2894                 # extract the filename as it passes
2895                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2896                         $realfile = $1;
2897                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2898                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2899                         $found_file = 1;
2900                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2901                         $realfile = $1;
2902                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2903                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2904
2905                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2906                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2907                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2908                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2909                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2910                         }
2911
2912                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2913                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2914                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2915                         }
2916                         $found_file = 1;
2917                 }
2918
2919 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2920                 if ($showfile) {
2921                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2922                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2923                         if ($file) {
2924                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2925                         } else {
2926                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2927                         }
2928                 }
2929
2930                 if ($found_file) {
2931                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2932                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2933                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2934                         }
2935                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2936                                 $check = 1;
2937                         } else {
2938                                 $check = $check_orig;
2939                         }
2940                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2941
2942                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2943                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2944
2945                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2946
2947                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2948                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2949                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2950                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2951                                 }
2952                         }
2953
2954                         next;
2955                 }
2956
2957                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2958
2959                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2960                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2961                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2962
2963                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2964
2965 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2966 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2967                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2968                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2969                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2970                         }
2971                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2972                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2973                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2974                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2975                 }
2976
2977 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2978                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2979                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2980                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2981                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2982                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2983                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2984                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2985                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2986                 }
2987
2988 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2989                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2990                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2991                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2992                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2993                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2994                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2995                         }
2996                 }
2997
2998 # Check the patch for a From:
2999                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
3000                         $author = $1;
3001                         my $curline = $linenr;
3002                         while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
3003                                 $author .= $1;
3004                         }
3005                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
3006                         $author =~ s/"//g;
3007                         $author = reformat_email($author);
3008                 }
3009
3010 # Check the patch for a signoff:
3011                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3012                         $signoff++;
3013                         $in_commit_log = 0;
3014                         if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
3015                                 if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
3016                                         $authorsignoff = 1;
3017                                 } else {
3018                                         my $ctx = $1;
3019                                         my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
3020                                         my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
3021
3022                                         if ($email_address eq $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
3023                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
3024                                                 $authorsignoff = 2;
3025                                         } elsif ($email_address eq $author_address) {
3026                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
3027                                                 $authorsignoff = 3;
3028                                         } elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
3029                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
3030                                                 $authorsignoff = 4;
3031
3032                                                 my $address1 = $email_address;
3033                                                 my $address2 = $author_address;
3034
3035                                                 if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
3036                                                         $address1 = "$1$2";
3037                                                 }
3038                                                 if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
3039                                                         $address2 = "$1$2";
3040                                                 }
3041                                                 if ($address1 eq $address2) {
3042                                                         $authorsignoff = 5;
3043                                                 }
3044                                         }
3045                                 }
3046                         }
3047                 }
3048
3049 # Check for patch separator
3050                 if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
3051                         $has_patch_separator = 1;
3052                         $in_commit_log = 0;
3053                 }
3054
3055 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
3056 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
3057                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
3058                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3059                 }
3060
3061 # Check signature styles
3062                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
3063                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3064                         my $space_before = $1;
3065                         my $sign_off = $2;
3066                         my $space_after = $3;
3067                         my $email = $4;
3068                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3069
3070                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3071                                 my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3072                                 if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3073                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3074                                              "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3075                                 } else {
3076                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3077                                                  "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3078                                             $fix) {
3079                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3080                                         }
3081                                 }
3082                         }
3083                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3084                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3085                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3086                                     $fix) {
3087                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3088                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3089                                 }
3090                         }
3091                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3092                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3093                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3094                                     $fix) {
3095                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3096                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3097                                 }
3098
3099                         }
3100                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3101                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3102                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3103                                     $fix) {
3104                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3105                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3106                                 }
3107                         }
3108
3109                         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3110                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3111                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3112                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3113                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3114                         } else {
3115                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3116                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3117                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3118                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
3119                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
3120                                 if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3121                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3122                                                  "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3123                                             $fix) {
3124                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3125                                         }
3126                                 }
3127
3128                                 # Address part shouldn't have comments
3129                                 my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3130                                 $stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3131                                 if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3132                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3133                                                  "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3134                                             $fix) {
3135                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3136                                         }
3137                                 }
3138
3139                                 # Only one name comment should be allowed
3140                                 my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3141                                 if ($comment_count > 1) {
3142                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3143                                              "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3144                                 }
3145
3146
3147                                 # stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3148                                 # have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3149                                 # begin with a #
3150                                 if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3151                                         if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3152                                             ($email_name ne "")) {
3153                                                 my $cur_name = $email_name;
3154                                                 my $new_comment = $comment;
3155                                                 $cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3156
3157                                                 # Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3158                                                 # and # from start of comments to get comment text
3159                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3160                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3161                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3162
3163                                                 $new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3164                                                 $new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3165                                                 my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3166
3167                                                 if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3168                                                          "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3169                                                     $fix) {
3170                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3171                                                 }
3172                                         }
3173                                 } elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3174                                         my $new_comment = $comment;
3175
3176                                         # Extract comment text from within brackets or
3177                                         # c89 style /*...*/ comments
3178                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3179                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3180
3181                                         $new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3182                                         $new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3183                                         $new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3184                                         my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3185
3186                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3187                                                  "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3188                                             $fix) {
3189                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3190                                         }
3191                                 }
3192                         }
3193
3194 # Check for duplicate signatures
3195                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
3196                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3197                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3198                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3199                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3200                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3201                         } else {
3202                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3203                         }
3204
3205 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3206                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3207                                 if ($email eq $author) {
3208                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3209                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3210                                 }
3211                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3212                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3213                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3214                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3215                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3216                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3217                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3218                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3219                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3220                                 }
3221                         }
3222                 }
3223
3224 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3225                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3226                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3227                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3228                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3229                 }
3230
3231 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3232                 if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3233                         if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3234                                   "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3235                             $fix) {
3236                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3237                         }
3238                 }
3239
3240 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3241                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3242                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3243                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3244                                         # timestamp
3245                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3246                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3247                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3248                                         # stack dump address styles
3249                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3250                 }
3251
3252 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3253                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3254                     length($line) > 75 &&
3255                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3256                                         # file delta changes
3257                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
3258                                         # filename then :
3259                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:|$signature_tags)/i ||
3260                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line or signature tag line
3261                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3262                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3263                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
3264                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
3265                 }
3266
3267 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3268                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3269                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3270                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3271                 }
3272
3273 # Check for lines starting with a #
3274                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3275                         if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3276                                  "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3277                             $fix) {
3278                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3279                         }
3280                 }
3281
3282 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3283                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3284                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3285                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3286                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3287                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3288                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3289                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3290                         my $init_char = "c";
3291                         my $orig_commit = "";
3292                         my $short = 1;
3293                         my $long = 0;
3294                         my $case = 1;
3295                         my $space = 1;
3296                         my $hasdesc = 0;
3297                         my $hasparens = 0;
3298                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
3299                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3300                         my $description = "";
3301
3302                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3303                                 $init_char = $1;
3304                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
3305                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3306                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
3307                         }
3308
3309                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3310                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3311                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3312                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3313                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
3314                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3315                                 $hasparens = 1;
3316                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
3317                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3318                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
3319                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3320                                 $hasparens = 1;
3321                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
3322                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3323                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
3324                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
3325                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3326                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
3327                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
3328                                 $hasparens = 1;
3329                         }
3330
3331                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3332                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
3333
3334                         if (defined($id) &&
3335                            ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
3336                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3337                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
3338                         }
3339                 }
3340
3341 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
3342                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3343                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3344                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3345                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3346                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3347                         $is_patch = 1;
3348                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3349                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3350                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3351                 }
3352
3353 # Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3354                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
3355                     ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3356                     ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3357                         WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3358                              "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3359                 }
3360
3361 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3362                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3363                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3364                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3365                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3366                 }
3367
3368 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3369                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3370                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3371                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3372
3373                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3374                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3375                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3376
3377                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3378                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3379                 }
3380
3381 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
3382 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3383                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3384                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3385                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3386                         $in_header_lines = 0;
3387                         $in_commit_log = 1;
3388                         $has_commit_log = 1;
3389                 }
3390
3391 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3392 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3393                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3394                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3395                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3396                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
3397                 }
3398
3399                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3400                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3401                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3402                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3403                 }
3404
3405 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3406                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3407                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3408                                 my $file = $1;
3409
3410                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3411                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3412                                         #
3413                                 } else {
3414                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3415                                 }
3416                         }
3417                 }
3418
3419 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3420                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
3421                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3422                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3423                                 my $typo = $1;
3424                                 my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3425                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3426                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3427                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3428                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3429                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3430                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3431                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3432                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3433                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3434                                     $fix) {
3435                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3436                                 }
3437                         }
3438                 }
3439
3440 # check for invalid commit id
3441                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3442                         my $id;
3443                         my $description;
3444                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3445                         if (!defined($id)) {
3446                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3447                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3448                         }
3449                 }
3450
3451 # check for repeated words separated by a single space
3452 # avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3453                 if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3454                     $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3455                         pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3456                         while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3457
3458                                 my $first = $1;
3459                                 my $second = $2;
3460                                 my $start_pos = $-[1];
3461                                 my $end_pos = $+[2];
3462                                 if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3463                                         pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3464                                         next;
3465                                 }
3466
3467                                 next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3468                                 next if ($first eq 'long');
3469
3470                                 # check for character before and after the word matches
3471                                 my $start_char = '';
3472                                 my $end_char = '';
3473                                 $start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3474                                 $end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3475
3476                                 next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3477                                 next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3478
3479                                 # avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3480                                 if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3481                                         next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3482                                 }
3483
3484                                 if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3485                                          "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3486                                     $fix) {
3487                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3488                                 }
3489                         }
3490
3491                         # if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3492                         if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3493                             $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3494                                 my $last_word = $1;
3495                                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3496                                         if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3497                                                  "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3498                                             $fix) {
3499                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3500                                         }
3501                                 }
3502                         }
3503                 }
3504
3505 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3506                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3507
3508 #trailing whitespace
3509                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3510                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3511                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3512                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3513                             $fix) {
3514                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3515                         }
3516                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3517                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3518                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3519                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3520                             $fix) {
3521                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3522                         }
3523
3524                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3525                 }
3526
3527 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3528                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3529                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3530                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3531                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3532                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3533                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3534                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3535                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3536                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3537                 }
3538
3539 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3540 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3541 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3542                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3543                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3544                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3545                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3546                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3547                         my $length = 0;
3548                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
3549                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
3550                         my $f;
3551                         my $is_start = 0;
3552                         my $is_end = 0;
3553                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
3554                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
3555                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3556                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
3557
3558                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3559                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
3560
3561                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3562                                         $is_start = 1;
3563                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
3564                                         $length = -1;
3565                                 }
3566
3567                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
3568                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
3569                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
3570                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
3571
3572                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
3573                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3574                                 # positives, even though some of these are
3575                                 # common words in help texts
3576                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3577                                                   if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3578                                         $is_end = 1;
3579                                         last;
3580                                 }
3581                                 $length++;
3582                         }
3583                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3584                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3585                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
3586                         }
3587                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
3588                 }
3589
3590 # check MAINTAINERS entries
3591                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3592 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3593                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3594                             $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3595                                 if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3596                                          "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3597                                     $fix) {
3598                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3599                                 }
3600                         }
3601 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3602                         my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3603                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3604                             $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3605                                 $rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3606                                 my $cur = $1;
3607                                 my $curval = $2;
3608                                 $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3609                                 my $prev = $1;
3610                                 my $prevval = $2;
3611                                 my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3612                                 my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3613                                 if ($curindex < 0) {
3614                                         WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3615                                              "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3616                                 } else {
3617                                         if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3618                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3619                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3620                                         } elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3621                                                   ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3622                                                  ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3623                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3624                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3625                                         }
3626                                 }
3627                         }
3628                 }
3629
3630                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3631                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3632                         my $flag = $1;
3633                         my $replacement = {
3634                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3635                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3636                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3637                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3638                         };
3639
3640                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3641                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3642                 }
3643
3644 # check for DT compatible documentation
3645                 if (defined $root &&
3646                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3647                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3648
3649                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3650
3651                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3652                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3653
3654                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3655                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3656                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3657                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3658                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3659                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3660                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3661                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3662                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3663                                 }
3664
3665                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3666                                 my $vendor = $1;
3667                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3668                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3669                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3670                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3671                                 }
3672                         }
3673                 }
3674
3675 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3676                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3677                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3678                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3679                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3680                                 my $comment = "";
3681                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3682                                         $comment = '/*';
3683                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3684                                         $comment = '//';
3685                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3686                                         $comment = '#';
3687                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3688                                         $comment = '..';
3689                                 }
3690
3691 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3692                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3693                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3694                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3695                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3696                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3697                                 }
3698
3699                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3700                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3701                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3702                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3703                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3704                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3705                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3706                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3707                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3708                                         }
3709                                         if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3710                                             not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3711                                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3712                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3713                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3714
3715                                                                   "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3716                                                     $fix) {
3717                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3718                                                 }
3719                                         }
3720                                 }
3721                         }
3722                 }
3723
3724 # check for embedded filenames
3725                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\Q$realfile\E/) {
3726                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3727                              "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3728                 }
3729
3730 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3731                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3732
3733 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3734                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3735                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3736                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3737                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3738                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3739                 }
3740
3741 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3742 #
3743 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3744 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3745 #       lines with a single string
3746 #       #defines that are a single string
3747 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3748 #
3749 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3750 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3751 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3752 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3753 #
3754 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3755 #
3756
3757                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3758                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3759
3760                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3761
3762                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3763                         # before $max_line_length
3764                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3765                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3766                                 $msg_type = "";
3767
3768                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3769                         # #defines with only strings
3770                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3771                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3772                                 $msg_type = "";
3773
3774                         # More special cases
3775                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3776                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3777                                 $msg_type = "";
3778
3779                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3780                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3781                                 $msg_type = "";
3782
3783                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3784
3785                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3786                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3787                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3788                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3789
3790                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3791                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3792                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3793                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3794                         }
3795
3796                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3797                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3798                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3799                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3800                                 &{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3801                                               "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3802                         }
3803                 }
3804
3805 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3806                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3807                         if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3808                                  "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3809                             $fix) {
3810                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3811                         }
3812                 }
3813
3814 # check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3815                 if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3816                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3817                         WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3818                              "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3819                 }
3820
3821                 if ($u_boot) {
3822                         u_boot_line($realfile, $line, $rawline, $herecurr);
3823                 }
3824
3825 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3826                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3827
3828 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3829 # more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3830                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3831                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3832                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3833                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3834                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3835                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3836                             $fix) {
3837                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3838                         }
3839                 }
3840
3841 # check for space before tabs.
3842                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3843                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3844                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3845                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3846                             $fix) {
3847                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3848                                            s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3849                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3850                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3851                         }
3852                 }
3853
3854 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3855                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3856                         my $operator = $1;
3857                         if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3858                                 "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3859                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3860                                 # add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3861                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3862                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3863                         }
3864                 }
3865
3866 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3867                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3868                         my $operator = $1;
3869                         if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3870                                 "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3871                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3872                                 # insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3873                                 $prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3874                                 my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3875                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3876                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3877                         }
3878                 }
3879
3880 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3881                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3882                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3883                         my $indent = length($1);
3884                         if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3885                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3886                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3887                                     $fix) {
3888                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3889                                 }
3890                         }
3891                 }
3892
3893 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3894                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3895                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3896                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3897                         my $oldindent = $1;
3898                         my $rest = $2;
3899
3900                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3901                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3902                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3903                                 my $newindent = $2;
3904
3905                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3906                                         "\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3907                                         " "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3908                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3909
3910                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3911                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3912
3913                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3914                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3915                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3916                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3917                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3918                                         }
3919                                 }
3920                         }
3921                 }
3922
3923 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3924 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3925 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3926 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3927 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3928 #   multiline macros that define functions
3929 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3930                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3931                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3932                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3933                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3934                             $fix) {
3935                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3936                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3937                         }
3938                 }
3939
3940 # Block comment styles
3941 # Networking with an initial /*
3942                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3943                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3944                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3945                     $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
3946                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3947                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3948                 }
3949
3950 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3951                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3952                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3953                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3954                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3955                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3956                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3957                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3958                 }
3959
3960 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3961                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3962                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3963                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3964                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3965                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3966                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3967                 }
3968
3969 # Block comment * alignment
3970                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3971                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3972                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3973                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3974                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3975                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3976                         my $oldindent;
3977                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3978                         if (defined($1)) {
3979                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3980                         } else {
3981                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3982                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3983                         }
3984                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3985                         my $newindent = $1;
3986                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3987                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3988                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3989                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3990                         }
3991                 }
3992
3993 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3994 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3995                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3996                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3997                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3998                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3999                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
4000                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
4001                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
4002                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
4003                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
4004                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
4005                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
4006                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4007                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4008                             $fix) {
4009                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4010                         }
4011                 }
4012
4013 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
4014                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
4015                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
4016                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
4017                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4018                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4019                             $fix) {
4020                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4021                         }
4022
4023                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
4024                 }
4025
4026 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
4027 # (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
4028                 if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
4029                         # use temporaries
4030                         my $sl = $sline;
4031                         my $pl = $prevline;
4032                         # remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
4033                         $sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4034                         $pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4035                         if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4036                         # function pointer declarations
4037                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4038                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4039                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4040                         # known declaration macros
4041                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
4042                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
4043                             !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
4044                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
4045                               $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
4046                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
4047                               $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4048                         # looks like a declaration
4049                             !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4050                         # function pointer declarations
4051                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4052                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4053                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4054                         # known declaration macros
4055                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4056                         # start of struct or union or enum
4057                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4058                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4059                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4060                         # bitfield continuation
4061                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4062                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
4063                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4064                                 if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4065                                          "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4066                                     $fix) {
4067                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4068                                 }
4069                         }
4070                 }
4071
4072 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4073 # Exceptions:
4074 #  1) within comments
4075 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
4076 #  3) hanging labels
4077                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4078                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4079                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4080                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4081                             $fix) {
4082                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4083                         }
4084                 }
4085
4086 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4087                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4088
4089 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
4090                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4091                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4092                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4093                 }
4094
4095 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4096                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4097                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4098                         $context_function = $1;
4099                 }
4100
4101 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4102                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4103                         undef $context_function;
4104                 }
4105
4106 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
4107 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4108 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4109                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4110                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4111                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4112                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4113                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4114                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4115                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4116                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4117                         }
4118                 }
4119
4120 # check indentation of a line with a break;
4121 # if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4122 # and is indented the same # of tabs
4123                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4124                         my $tabs = $1;
4125                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4126                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4127                                          "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4128                                     $fix) {
4129                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4130                                 }
4131                         }
4132                 }
4133
4134 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4135                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4136                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4137                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4138                 }
4139
4140 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4141                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4142                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4143                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4144                 }
4145
4146 # Check for potential 'bare' types
4147                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4148                     $realline_next);
4149 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
4150                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4151                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4152                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4153                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4154                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4155                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4156
4157 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4158                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4159                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4160                         # until we hit end of it.
4161                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4162                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4163 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4164                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4165                         }
4166
4167                         # Find the real next line.
4168                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4169                         if (defined $realline_next &&
4170                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4171                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4172                                 $realline_next++;
4173                         }
4174
4175                         my $s = $stat;
4176                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4177
4178                         # Ignore goto labels.
4179                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4180
4181                         # Ignore functions being called
4182                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4183
4184                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4185
4186                         # declarations always start with types
4187                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4188                                 my $type = $1;
4189                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4190                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4191
4192                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
4193                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4194                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4195                         }
4196
4197                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4198                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4199                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4200                         }
4201
4202                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
4203                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
4204                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4205                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4206                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
4207
4208                                 my $ctx = $s;
4209                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4210                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4211
4212                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4213                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4214
4215                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4216                                         }
4217                                 }
4218                         }
4219
4220                 }
4221
4222 #
4223 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4224 #
4225
4226 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
4227 # statements should be at the same indent.
4228                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4229                         my $err = '';
4230                         my $sep = '';
4231                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4232                         shift(@ctx);
4233                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4234                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4235                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4236                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
4237                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4238                                         $sep = '';
4239                                 } else {
4240                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
4241                                 }
4242                         }
4243                         if ($err ne '') {
4244                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4245                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4246                         }
4247                 }
4248
4249 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4250 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4251                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4252                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4253
4254                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4255
4256                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4257                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4258                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4259                         }
4260
4261                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4262                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4263
4264                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4265                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4266
4267                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4268                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4269                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4270                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4271                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4272                                 $ctx_ln++;
4273                         }
4274
4275                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4276                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4277
4278                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4279                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4280                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4281                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4282                         }
4283                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4284                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4285                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4286                         {
4287                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4288                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
4289                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4290                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4291                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4292                                 }
4293                         }
4294                 }
4295
4296 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4297                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4298                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4299                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4300                                         if (!defined $stat);
4301                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4302
4303                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4304
4305                         # remove inline comments
4306                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4307                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4308
4309                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4310                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4311                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4312
4313                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4314                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4315                         # where necessary.
4316                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4317                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4318                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4319                         }
4320
4321                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
4322                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4323                         #  1) any blank line termination
4324                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4325                         #  3) any do (...) {
4326                         my $continuation = 0;
4327                         my $check = 0;
4328                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4329                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4330                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4331                                 $continuation = 1;
4332                         }
4333                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4334                                 $check = 1;
4335                                 $cond_lines++;
4336                         }
4337
4338                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4339                         # preprocessor statement.
4340                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4341                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4342                                 $check = 0;
4343                         }
4344
4345                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
4346                         $continuation = 0;
4347                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4348                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4349
4350                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4351                                 # is not linear.
4352                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4353                                         $check = 0;
4354                                 }
4355
4356                                 # Ignore:
4357                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4358                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
4359                                 #  3) labels.
4360                                 if ($continuation ||
4361                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4362                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4363                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4364                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4365                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4366                                                 $cond_lines++;
4367                                         }
4368                                 }
4369                         }
4370
4371                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4372                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4373
4374                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4375                         # this is not this patch's fault.
4376                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4377                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4378                                 $check = 0;
4379                         }
4380                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4381                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4382                         }
4383
4384                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4385
4386                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4387                             (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4388                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
4389                              ($sindent == $indent &&
4390                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4391                              ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4392                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4393                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4394                         }
4395                 }
4396
4397                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4398                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4399                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4400                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4401                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4402                 if ($dbg_values) {
4403                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4404                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4405                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4406                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4407                 }
4408                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4409
4410 #ignore lines not being added
4411                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4412
4413 # check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4414 # e.g.: int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4415 #       struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4416                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4417                         my $var = $1;
4418                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4419                                 WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4420                                      "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4421                         }
4422                 }
4423
4424 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4425                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4426                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4427                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4428                         my $ref = $1;
4429                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4430                         $ref .= $1;
4431                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
4432                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4433                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4434                 }
4435
4436 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4437                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4438                         my $type = $1;
4439                         my $var = $2;
4440                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
4441                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4442                                 my $sign = $1;
4443                                 my $pointer = $2;
4444
4445                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4446
4447                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4448                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4449                                     $fix) {
4450                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4451                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4452                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4453                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
4454                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4455                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4456                                 }
4457                         }
4458                 }
4459
4460 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4461                 if ($dbg_type) {
4462                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4463                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4464                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4465                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4466                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4467                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4468                         }
4469                         next;
4470                 }
4471 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4472                 if ($dbg_attr) {
4473                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4474                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4475                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4476                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4477                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4478                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4479                         }
4480                         next;
4481                 }
4482
4483 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4484                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4485                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4486                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4487                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4488                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4489                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4490                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4491                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4492                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4493                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4494                                 $fixedline = $line;
4495                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4496                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4497                         }
4498                 }
4499
4500 #
4501 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4502 #
4503
4504 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4505                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4506                         my $path = $1;
4507                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4508                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4509                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4510                         }
4511                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4512                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4513                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4514                         }
4515                 }
4516
4517 # no C99 // comments
4518                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4519                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4520                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4521                             $fix) {
4522                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4523                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4524                                         my $comment = trim($1);
4525                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4526                                 }
4527                         }
4528                 }
4529                 # Remove C99 comments.
4530                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
4531                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4532
4533 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4534 # the whole statement.
4535 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4536                 if (defined $realline_next &&
4537                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4538                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4539                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4540                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4541                         # a prefix:
4542                         #   XXX(foo);
4543                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4544                         my $name = $1;
4545                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4546                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4547 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4548                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4549
4550                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4551                                 \n.}\s*$|
4552                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4553                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4554                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4555                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4556                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4557                             )/x) {
4558 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4559                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4560                         } else {
4561                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4562                         }
4563                 }
4564                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4565                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4566                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4567 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4568                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4569                 }
4570                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4571                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4572                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4573                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4574                 }
4575
4576 # check for global initialisers.
4577                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4578                     !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4579                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4580                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4581                             $fix) {
4582                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4583                         }
4584                 }
4585 # check for static initialisers.
4586                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4587                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4588                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4589                                       $herecurr) &&
4590                             $fix) {
4591                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4592                         }
4593                 }
4594
4595 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4596                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4597                         my $tmp = trim($1);
4598                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4599                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4600                 }
4601
4602 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4603                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4604                         my $type = trim($1);
4605                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4606                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4607                         my $new_type = $type;
4608                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4609                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4610                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4611                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4612                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4613                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4614                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
4615                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4616                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4617                             $fix) {
4618                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4619                         }
4620                 }
4621
4622 # check for static const char * arrays.
4623                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4624                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4625                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4626                                 $herecurr);
4627                 }
4628
4629 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4630                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4631                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4632                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4633                             $fix) {
4634                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4635                         }
4636                 }
4637
4638 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4639                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4640                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4641                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4642                                 $herecurr);
4643                 }
4644
4645 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4646                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4647                         my $found = $1;
4648                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4649                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4650                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4651                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4652                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4653                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4654                         }
4655                 }
4656
4657 # check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4658 # prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4659                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4660                     $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4661                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4662                                  "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4663                             $fix) {
4664                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4665                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4666                         }
4667                 }
4668
4669 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4670                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4671                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4672                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4673                                 $herecurr);
4674                 }
4675
4676 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4677                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4678                         my $array = $1;
4679                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4680                                 my $array_div = $1;
4681                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4682                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4683                                     $fix) {
4684                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4685                                 }
4686                         }
4687                 }
4688
4689 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4690                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4691                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4692                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4693                             $fix) {
4694                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4695                         }
4696                 }
4697
4698 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4699 # make sense.
4700                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4701                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4702                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4703                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4704                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4705                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4706                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4707                 }
4708
4709 # * goes on variable not on type
4710                 # (char*[ const])
4711                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4712                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4713                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4714
4715                         # Should start with a space.
4716                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4717                         # Should not end with a space.
4718                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4719                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4720                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4721                         }
4722
4723 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4724                         if ($from ne $to) {
4725                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4726                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4727                                     $fix) {
4728                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4729                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4730                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4731                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4732                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4733                                 }
4734                         }
4735                 }
4736                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4737                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4738                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4739
4740                         # Should start with a space.
4741                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4742                         # Should not end with a space.
4743                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4744                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4745                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4746                         }
4747                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4748                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4749
4750 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4751                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4752                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4753                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4754                                     $fix) {
4755
4756                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4757                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4758                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4759                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4760                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4761                                 }
4762                         }
4763                 }
4764
4765 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4766                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4767                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4768                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4769                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4770                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4771                 }
4772
4773 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4774                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4775                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4776                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4777                 }
4778
4779 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4780                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4781                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4782                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4783                 }
4784
4785 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4786                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4787                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4788                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4789                 }
4790
4791 # prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4792                 if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4793                         my $printk = $1;
4794                         my $modifier = $2;
4795                         my $orig = $3;
4796                         $modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4797                         my $level = lc($orig);
4798                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4799                         my $level2 = $level;
4800                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4801                         $level .= $modifier;
4802                         $level2 .= $modifier;
4803                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4804                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4805                 }
4806
4807 # prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4808                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4809                         my $orig = $1;
4810                         my $level = lc($orig);
4811                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4812                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4813                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4814                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4815                 }
4816
4817 # trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4818                 if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4819                         WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4820                              "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4821                 }
4822
4823 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4824 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4825 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4826                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4827                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4828                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4829                 }
4830
4831 # ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4832 # Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4833 # Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4834                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4835                         if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4836                                  "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4837                             $fix) {
4838                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4839                         }
4840                 }
4841
4842 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4843 # or if closed on same line
4844                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4845                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4846                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4847                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4848                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4849                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4850                             $fix) {
4851                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4852                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4853                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4854                                 my $line1 = $1;
4855                                 my $line2 = $2;
4856                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4857                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4858                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4859                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4860                                 }
4861                         }
4862                 }
4863
4864 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4865                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4866                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4867                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4868                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4869                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4870                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4871                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4872                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4873                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4874                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4875                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4876                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4877                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4878                                 }
4879                         }
4880                 }
4881
4882 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4883                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4884                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4885                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4886                             $fix) {
4887                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4888                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4889                         }
4890                 }
4891
4892 # Function pointer declarations
4893 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4894 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4895                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4896                         my $declare = $1;
4897                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4898                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4899                         my $funcname = $4;
4900                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4901                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4902
4903 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4904 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4905 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4906                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4907                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4908                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4909                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4910                         }
4911                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4912                                 WARN("SPACING",
4913                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4914                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4915                         }
4916
4917 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4918 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4919 # equivalent to
4920 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4921 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4922 #
4923 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4924 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4925 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4926 #                       }
4927
4928 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4929                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4930                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4931                                 WARN("SPACING",
4932                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4933                         }
4934
4935 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4936                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4937                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4938                                 WARN("SPACING",
4939                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4940                         }
4941
4942 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4943                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4944                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4945                                 WARN("SPACING",
4946                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4947                         }
4948
4949 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4950                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4951                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4952                                 WARN("SPACING",
4953                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4954                         }
4955
4956                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4957                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4958                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4959                         }
4960                 }
4961
4962 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4963 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4964 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4965 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4966                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4967                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4968                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4969                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4970                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4971                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4972                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4973                                     $fix) {
4974                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4975                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4976                                 }
4977                         }
4978                 }
4979
4980 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4981                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4982                         my $name = $1;
4983                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4984                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4985
4986                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4987                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4988                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4989                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4990                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4991                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4992                         {
4993                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4994                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4995                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4996                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4997
4998                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4999                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
5000
5001                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
5002                         # likely a typedef for a function.
5003                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
5004
5005                         } else {
5006                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
5007                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5008                                              $fix) {
5009                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5010                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
5011                                 }
5012                         }
5013                 }
5014
5015 # Check operator spacing.
5016                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
5017                         my $fixed_line = "";
5018                         my $line_fixed = 0;
5019
5020                         my $ops = qr{
5021                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
5022                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
5023                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
5024                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
5025                                 \?:|\?|:
5026                         }x;
5027                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
5028
5029 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
5030 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
5031 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
5032 ##                      }
5033
5034                         my @fix_elements = ();
5035                         my $off = 0;
5036
5037                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
5038                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
5039                                 $off += length($el);
5040                         }
5041
5042                         $off = 0;
5043
5044                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
5045                         my $last_after = -1;
5046
5047                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5048
5049                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5050
5051 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5052
5053                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
5054
5055                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5056                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5057                                 my $cc = '';
5058                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5059                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5060                                 }
5061                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5062
5063                                 my $a = '';
5064                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5065                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5066                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5067                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5068                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5069                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5070
5071                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5072
5073                                 my $c = '';
5074                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5075                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5076                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5077                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5078                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5079                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5080                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5081                                 } else {
5082                                         $c = 'E';
5083                                 }
5084
5085                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5086
5087                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5088
5089                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5090                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5091
5092                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
5093                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5094
5095                                 # Get the full operator variant.
5096                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5097
5098                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5099                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5100                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5101
5102 #                               # Ignore comments
5103 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5104
5105                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5106                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
5107                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5108                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5109                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5110                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5111                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5112                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5113                                                 }
5114                                         }
5115
5116                                 # // is a comment
5117                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
5118
5119                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
5120                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5121                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
5122
5123                                 # No spaces for:
5124                                 #   ->
5125                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
5126                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5127                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5128                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5129                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5130                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5131                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5132                                                         }
5133                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5134                                                 }
5135                                         }
5136
5137                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5138                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
5139                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
5140                                         my $space_after = 0;
5141                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5142                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5143                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5144                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5145                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
5146                                                 }
5147                                         }
5148                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5149                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5150                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5151                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5152                                                         $last_after = $n;
5153                                                         $space_after = 1;
5154                                                 }
5155                                         }
5156                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5157                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
5158                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5159                                                 } else {
5160                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5161                                                 }
5162                                                 if ($space_after) {
5163                                                         $good .= " ";
5164                                                 }
5165                                         }
5166
5167                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5168                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5169                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5170
5171                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
5172                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5173                                 # unary operator, or a cast
5174                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5175                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5176                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5177                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5178                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5179                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5180                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5181                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5182                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5183                                                         }
5184                                                 }
5185                                         }
5186                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5187                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
5188
5189                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5190                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5191                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5192                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5193                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5194                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5195                                                         }
5196                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5197                                                 }
5198                                         }
5199
5200                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5201                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5202                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5203                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5204                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5205                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5206                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5207                                                 }
5208                                         }
5209                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5210                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5211                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5212                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5213                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5214                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5215                                                 }
5216                                         }
5217                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5218                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5219                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5220                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5221                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5222                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5223                                                         }
5224                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5225                                                 }
5226                                         }
5227
5228                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5229                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5230                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5231                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5232                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5233                                          $op eq '%')
5234                                 {
5235                                         if ($check) {
5236                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5237                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5238                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5239                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5240                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5241                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5242                                                         }
5243                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5244                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5245                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5246                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5247                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5248                                                         }
5249                                                 }
5250                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5251                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5252                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5253                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5254                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5255                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5256                                                         }
5257                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5258                                                 }
5259                                         }
5260
5261                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5262                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
5263                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5264                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5265                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5266                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5267                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5268                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5269                                                 }
5270                                         }
5271
5272                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
5273                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5274                                         my $ok = 0;
5275
5276                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5277                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
5278                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5279                                             ($op eq '>' &&
5280                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5281                                         {
5282                                                 $ok = 1;
5283                                         }
5284
5285                                         # for asm volatile statements
5286                                         # ignore a colon with another
5287                                         # colon immediately before or after
5288                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
5289                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5290                                                 $ok = 1;
5291                                         }
5292
5293                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5294                                         if ($ok == 0) {
5295                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5296                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5297
5298                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5299                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5300                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5301                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5302                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5303                                                         }
5304                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5305                                                 }
5306                                         }
5307                                 }
5308                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5309
5310 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5311
5312                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5313                         }
5314
5315                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5316                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5317                         }
5318
5319                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5320                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5321                         }
5322
5323
5324                 }
5325
5326 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5327                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5328                         if (WARN("SPACING",
5329                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5330                             $fix) {
5331                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5332                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5333                         }
5334                 }
5335
5336 # check for multiple assignments
5337                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5338                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5339                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5340                 }
5341
5342 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5343 ## # continuation.
5344 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5345 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5346 ##
5347 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5348 ##                      # falsely report the parameters of functions.
5349 ##                      my $ln = $line;
5350 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5351 ##                      }
5352 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5353 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5354 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5355 ##                      }
5356 ##              }
5357
5358 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
5359                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5360                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5361                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5362                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5363                             $fix) {
5364                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5365                         }
5366                 }
5367
5368 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
5369 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5370 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5371 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
5372 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5373 ##              }
5374 ##
5375
5376 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5377 # on the line
5378                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5379                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5380                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5381                             $fix) {
5382                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5383                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5384                         }
5385                 }
5386
5387 # check spacing on square brackets
5388                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5389                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5390                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5391                             $fix) {
5392                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5393                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
5394                         }
5395                 }
5396                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5397                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5398                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5399                             $fix) {
5400                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5401                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
5402                         }
5403                 }
5404
5405 # check spacing on parentheses
5406                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5407                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5408                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5409                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5410                             $fix) {
5411                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5412                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
5413                         }
5414                 }
5415                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5416                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5417                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5418                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5419                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5420                             $fix) {
5421                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5422                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
5423                         }
5424                 }
5425
5426 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5427 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5428
5429                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5430                         my $var = $1;
5431                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5432                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5433                             $fix) {
5434                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5435                         }
5436                 }
5437
5438 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5439 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5440 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5441                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5442                         my $var = $2;
5443                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5444                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5445                             $fix) {
5446                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5447                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5448                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5449                         }
5450                 }
5451
5452 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5453 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5454                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5455                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5456                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5457                         my $if_stat = $1;
5458                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5459                         my $herectx;
5460                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5461                                 my $match = $1;
5462                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5463                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5464                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
5465                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
5466                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5467                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5468                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5469                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5470                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5471                                         }
5472                                 }
5473                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5474                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5475                         }
5476                 }
5477
5478 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
5479                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
5480                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
5481                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5482                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5483                             $fix) {
5484                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5485                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5486                         }
5487                 }
5488
5489 # check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5490 #       foo = bar(),    /* comma should be semicolon */
5491 #       bar = baz();
5492                 if (defined($stat) &&
5493                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5494                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5495                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5496                         WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5497                              "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5498                 }
5499
5500 # return is not a function
5501                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5502                         my $spacing = $1;
5503                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
5504                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5505                                 my $value = $1;
5506                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
5507                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5508                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5509                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5510                                 }
5511                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5512                                 ERROR("SPACING",
5513                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5514                         }
5515                 }
5516
5517 # unnecessary return in a void function
5518 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5519 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5520                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5521                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5522                     $linenr >= 3 &&
5523                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5524                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5525                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5526                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5527                 }
5528
5529 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5530                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5531                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5532                         my $openparens = $1;
5533                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5534                         my $msg = "";
5535                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5536                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5537                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5538                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5539                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5540                         }
5541                 }
5542
5543 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5544 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5545 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5546 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5547                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5548                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5549                         my $lead = $1;
5550                         my $const = $2;
5551                         my $comp = $3;
5552                         my $to = $4;
5553                         my $newcomp = $comp;
5554                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5555                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5556                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5557                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5558                             $fix) {
5559                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
5560                                         $newcomp = ">";
5561                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5562                                         $newcomp = ">=";
5563                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5564                                         $newcomp = "<";
5565                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5566                                         $newcomp = "<=";
5567                                 }
5568                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5569                         }
5570                 }
5571
5572 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5573                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5574                         my $name = $1;
5575                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
5576                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5577                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5578                         }
5579                 }
5580
5581 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5582                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5583                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5584                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5585                             $fix) {
5586                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5587                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5588                         }
5589                 }
5590
5591 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5592 # statements after the conditional.
5593                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5594                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5595                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5596                                         if (!defined $stat);
5597                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5598                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
5599                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5600                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5601
5602                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5603                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
5604                                 # then count those as offsets.
5605                                 my ($whitespace) =
5606                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5607                                 my $offset =
5608                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5609
5610                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5611                                                                 $offset} = 1;
5612                         }
5613                 }
5614                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5615                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5616                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5617                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5618
5619                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5620                                 if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5621                                           "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5622                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5623                                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5624                                                 my $space = $1;
5625                                                 my $not = $2;
5626                                                 my $statement = $3;
5627                                                 my $assigned = $4;
5628                                                 my $test = $8;
5629                                                 my $against = $9;
5630                                                 my $brace = $15;
5631                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5632                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5633                                                 my $newline = "${space}if (";
5634                                                 $newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5635                                                 $newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5636                                                 $newline .= "$assigned";
5637                                                 $newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5638                                                 $newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5639                                                 $newline .= ')';
5640                                                 $newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5641                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5642                                         }
5643                                 }
5644                         }
5645
5646                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5647                         # conditional.
5648                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5649                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5650                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5651                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5652                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5653                         {
5654                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5655                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5656                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5657                                 my $stat_real = '';
5658
5659                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5660                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5661                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5662                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5663                                 }
5664
5665                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5666                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
5667                         }
5668                 }
5669
5670 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5671                 if ($line =~ /
5672                         (?:
5673                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5674                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5675                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5676                         |
5677                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5678                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5679                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5680                         )/x)
5681                 {
5682                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5683                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5684                 }
5685
5686 # if and else should not have general statements after it
5687                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5688                         my $s = $1;
5689                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5690                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5691                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5692                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5693                         }
5694                 }
5695 # if should not continue a brace
5696                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5697                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5698                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5699                                 $herecurr);
5700                 }
5701 # case and default should not have general statements after them
5702                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5703                     $line !~ /\G(?:
5704                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5705                         \s*return\s+
5706                     )/xg)
5707                 {
5708                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5709                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5710                 }
5711
5712                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5713                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
5714                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5715                     $previndent == $indent) {
5716                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5717                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5718                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5719                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5720                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5721                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5722                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5723                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5724                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5725                                 }
5726                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5727                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5728                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5729                         }
5730                 }
5731
5732                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5733                     $previndent == $indent) {
5734                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5735
5736                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5737                         # conditional.
5738                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5739                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5740
5741                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5742                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5743                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5744                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5745                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5746                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5747                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5748                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5749                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5750                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5751                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5752                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5753                                 }
5754                         }
5755                 }
5756
5757 #Specific variable tests
5758                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5759                         my $var = $1;
5760
5761 #CamelCase
5762                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5763                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5764 #Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5765                             $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5766 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5767                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5768 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5769 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5770                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5771 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5772                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5773                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
5774                                         my $word = $1;
5775                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5776                                         if ($check) {
5777                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5778                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5779                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5780                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5781                                                 }
5782                                         }
5783                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5784                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5785                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5786                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5787                                         }
5788                                 }
5789                         }
5790                 }
5791
5792 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5793                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5794                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5795                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5796                             $fix) {
5797                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5798                         }
5799                 }
5800
5801 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5802 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5803                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5804                         my $file = "$1.h";
5805                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5806                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5807                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5808                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5809                         {
5810                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5811                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5812                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5813                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5814                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5815                                         } else {
5816                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5817                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5818                                         }
5819                                 }
5820                         }
5821                 }
5822
5823 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5824 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5825 # in a known good container
5826                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5827                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5828                         my $ln = $linenr;
5829                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5830                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5831                         my $ctx = '';
5832                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5833                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5834                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5835                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5836                         $ctx = $dstat;
5837                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5838                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5839
5840                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5841                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5842
5843                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5844                         my $define_args = $1;
5845                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5846                         my @def_args = ();
5847
5848                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5849                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5850                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5851                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5852                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5853                         }
5854
5855                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5856                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5857                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5858                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5859
5860                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5861                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5862                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5863                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5864                         {
5865                         }
5866
5867                         # Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5868                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5869                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5870                         {
5871                         }
5872
5873                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5874                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5875
5876                         my $exceptions = qr{
5877                                 $Declare|
5878                                 module_param_named|
5879                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5880                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5881                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5882                                 __typeof__\(|
5883                                 union|
5884                                 struct|
5885                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5886                                 ^\"|\"$|
5887                                 ^\[
5888                         }x;
5889                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5890
5891                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5892                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5893                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5894
5895                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5896                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5897                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5898                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5899                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5900                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5901                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5902                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5903                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5904                             $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&           # while (...) {...}
5905                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5906                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5907                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5908                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5909                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5910                         {
5911                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5912                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5913                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5914                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5915                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5916                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5917                                 } else {
5918                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5919                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5920                                 }
5921
5922                         }
5923
5924                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5925                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5926                         my $first = 1;
5927                         $define_stmt = "";
5928                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5929                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5930                                 if ($first) {
5931                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5932                                         $first = 0;
5933                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5934                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5935                                 }
5936                         }
5937                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5938                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5939                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5940
5941 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5942                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5943                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5944                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5945                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5946                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5947                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5948                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5949                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5950                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5951                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5952                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5953                                     }
5954 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5955                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5956                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5957                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5958                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5959                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5960                                 }
5961                         }
5962
5963 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5964 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5965                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5966                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5967                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5968
5969                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5970                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5971                         }
5972
5973 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5974
5975                 } else {
5976                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5977                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5978                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5979                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5980                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5981                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5982                         }
5983                 }
5984
5985 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5986 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5987 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5988                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5989                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5990                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5991                         my $ln = $linenr;
5992                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5993                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5994                         my $ctx = '';
5995                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5996                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5997                         $ctx = $dstat;
5998
5999                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
6000                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
6001
6002                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
6003                                 my $stmts = $2;
6004                                 my $semis = $3;
6005
6006                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6007                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6008                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6009
6010                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
6011                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
6012                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
6013                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
6014                                 }
6015                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
6016                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6017                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
6018                                 }
6019                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
6020                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6021                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6022                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6023
6024                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6025                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
6026                         }
6027                 }
6028
6029 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
6030                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6031                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6032                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6033                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6034                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6035                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6036                                 my @allowed = ();
6037                                 my $allow = 0;
6038                                 my $seen = 0;
6039                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6040                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6041                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6042                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6043
6044                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6045                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6046                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6047
6048                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
6049                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6050
6051                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6052                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6053
6054                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6055                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6056
6057                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6058
6059                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6060
6061                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6062                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6063                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6064                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6065                                         }
6066                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6067                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6068                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6069                                         }
6070                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6071                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6072                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6073                                         }
6074                                         $allow++;
6075                                 }
6076                                 if ($seen) {
6077                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
6078                                         foreach (@allowed) {
6079                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
6080                                         }
6081                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6082                                                 WARN("BRACES",
6083                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6084                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6085                                                  $seen != $allow) {
6086                                                 CHK("BRACES",
6087                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6088                                         }
6089                                 }
6090                         }
6091                 }
6092                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6093                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6094                         my $allowed = 0;
6095
6096                         # Check the pre-context.
6097                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6098                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6099                                 $allowed = 1;
6100                         }
6101
6102                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6103                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6104
6105                         # Check the condition.
6106                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6107                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6108                         if (defined $cond) {
6109                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6110                         }
6111                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6112                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6113                                 $allowed = 1;
6114                         }
6115                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6116                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6117                                 $allowed = 1;
6118                         }
6119                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6120                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6121                                 $allowed = 1;
6122                         }
6123                         # Check the post-context.
6124                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6125                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6126                                 if (defined $cond) {
6127                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6128                                 }
6129                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6130                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6131                                         $allowed = 1;
6132                                 }
6133                         }
6134                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6135                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6136                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6137
6138                                 WARN("BRACES",
6139                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6140                         }
6141                 }
6142
6143 # check for single line unbalanced braces
6144                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6145                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6146                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6147                 }
6148
6149 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6150                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6151                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6152                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6153                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6154                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6155                         }
6156                 }
6157                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6158                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6159                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6160                             $fix) {
6161                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6162                         }
6163                 }
6164
6165 # no volatiles please
6166                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6167                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6168                         WARN("VOLATILE",
6169                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6170                 }
6171
6172 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6173 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6174 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6175 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6176                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6177                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6178                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6179                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6180                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6181                                      $fix &&
6182                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6183                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6184                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6185                                 my $comma_close = "";
6186                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6187                                         $comma_close = $1;
6188                                 }
6189
6190                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6191                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6192                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6193                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6194                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6195                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6196                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
6197                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6198                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6199                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6200                                 }
6201                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6202                         }
6203                 }
6204
6205 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6206                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6207                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6208                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6209                 }
6210
6211 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6212 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6213 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6214 # function declarations
6215                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6216                     defined($context_function) &&
6217                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6218                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6219                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6220                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6221                 }
6222
6223 # check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6224 # This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6225 # 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6226                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6227                         if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6228                                  "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6229                             $fix) {
6230                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6231                         }
6232                 }
6233
6234 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
6235                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6236                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6237                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6238                             $fix) {
6239                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6240                         }
6241
6242                 }
6243
6244 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
6245                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
6246                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6247                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6248                             $fix) {
6249                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6250                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6251                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6252                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6253                                 }
6254                         }
6255                 }
6256
6257 # uncoalesced string fragments
6258                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
6259                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6260                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6261                             $fix) {
6262                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6263                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6264                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6265                                 }
6266                         }
6267                 }
6268
6269 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6270                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
6271                 my $show_Z = 1;
6272                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6273                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6274                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6275                         # check for %L
6276                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6277                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
6278                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6279                                 $show_L = 0;
6280                         }
6281                         # check for %Z
6282                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6283                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6284                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6285                                 $show_Z = 0;
6286                         }
6287                         # check for 0x<decimal>
6288                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6289                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6290                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6291                         }
6292                 }
6293
6294 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6295                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6296                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6297                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6298                 }
6299
6300 # warn about #if 0
6301                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6302                         WARN("IF_0",
6303                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6304                 }
6305
6306 # warn about #if 1
6307                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6308                         WARN("IF_1",
6309                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6310                 }
6311
6312 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6313                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6314                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6315                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6316                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6317                                 my $func = $1;
6318                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6319                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6320                                     $fix) {
6321                                         my $do_fix = 1;
6322                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
6323                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6324                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6325                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
6326                                         } else {
6327                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6328                                         }
6329                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6330                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
6331                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6332                                                         $do_fix = 0;
6333                                                 }
6334                                         } else {
6335                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6336                                         }
6337                                         if ($do_fix) {
6338                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6339                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6340                                         }
6341                                 }
6342                         }
6343                 }
6344
6345 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6346                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6347                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6348                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6349                     $linenr > 3) {
6350                         my $testval = $2;
6351                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6352
6353                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6354 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6355
6356                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6357                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6358                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6359                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6360                         }
6361                 }
6362
6363 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6364                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6365                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6366                         my $level = $1;
6367                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6368                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6369                             $fix) {
6370                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6371                         }
6372                 }
6373
6374 # check for logging continuations
6375                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6376                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6377                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6378                 }
6379
6380 # check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6381                 if (defined $stat &&
6382                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6383                     index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6384                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6385                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6386                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6387                         pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6388                         while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6389                                 my $pspec = $1;
6390                                 my $h = $2;
6391                                 my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6392                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6393                                          "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6394                                     $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6395                                         my $nspec = $pspec;
6396                                         $nspec =~ s/h//g;
6397                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6398                                 }
6399                         }
6400                 }
6401
6402 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6403                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6404                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6405                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6406                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6407                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6408                 }
6409
6410 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6411                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
6412                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6413                                 my $val = $1;
6414                                 my $equal = "!";
6415                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6416                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6417                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6418                                             $fix) {
6419                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6420                                 }
6421                         }
6422                 }
6423
6424 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6425                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6426                         my $attr = $1;
6427                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6428                                 my $ptr = $1;
6429                                 my $var = $2;
6430                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6431                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6432                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6433                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6434                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6435                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6436                                     $fix) {
6437                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6438                                 }
6439                         }
6440                 }
6441
6442 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6443                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6444                         my $attr = $1;
6445                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6446                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
6447                         my $attr_type = $2;
6448                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6449                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6450                             $fix) {
6451                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6452                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6453                         }
6454                 }
6455
6456 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6457                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6458                         my $attr = $1;
6459                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6460                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6461                             $fix) {
6462                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6463                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6464                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
6465                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6466                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
6467                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6468                         }
6469                 }
6470
6471 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6472                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6473                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6474                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6475                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6476                             $fix) {
6477                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6478                         }
6479                 }
6480
6481 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6482                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6483                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6484                         my $constant_func = $1;
6485                         my $func = $constant_func;
6486                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6487                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6488                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6489                             $fix) {
6490                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6491                         }
6492                 }
6493
6494 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
6495                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6496                         my $delay = $1;
6497                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
6498                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6499                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6500                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6501                         }
6502                         if ($delay > 2000) {
6503                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6504                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6505                         }
6506                 }
6507
6508 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6509                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6510                         if ($1 < 20) {
6511                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
6512                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6513                         }
6514                 }
6515
6516 # check for comparisons of jiffies
6517                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6518                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6519                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6520                 }
6521
6522 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6523                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6524                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6525                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6526                 }
6527
6528 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
6529 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6530 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6531 #                       print "$herecurr";
6532 #                       $clean = 0;
6533 #               }
6534
6535 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6536                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6537                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
6538                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6539                             $fix) {
6540                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6541                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6542                         }
6543
6544                 }
6545
6546 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6547                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6548                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6549                         my $which = $1;
6550                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6551                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6552                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6553                         }
6554                 }
6555 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
6556
6557                 my $barriers = qr{
6558                         mb|
6559                         rmb|
6560                         wmb
6561                 }x;
6562                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
6563                         mb__before_atomic|
6564                         mb__after_atomic|
6565                         store_release|
6566                         load_acquire|
6567                         store_mb|
6568                         (?:$barriers)
6569                 }x;
6570                 my $all_barriers = qr{
6571                         (?:$barriers)|
6572                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6573                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6574                 }x;
6575
6576                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6577                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6578                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6579                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6580                         }
6581                 }
6582
6583                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6584
6585                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6586                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6587                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6588                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6589                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6590                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6591                 }
6592
6593 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6594                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6595                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6596                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6597                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6598                         }
6599                 }
6600
6601 # check for data_race without a comment.
6602                 if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6603                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6604                                 WARN("DATA_RACE",
6605                                      "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6606                         }
6607                 }
6608
6609 # check of hardware specific defines
6610                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6611                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6612                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6613                 }
6614
6615 # check that the storage class is not after a type
6616                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6617                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6618                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6619                 }
6620 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6621                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6622                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6623                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6624                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6625                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6626                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6627                 }
6628
6629 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6630 # storage class and type.
6631                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6632                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6633                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6634                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6635                 }
6636
6637 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6638                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6639                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6640                         if (WARN("INLINE",
6641                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6642                             $fix) {
6643                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6644
6645                         }
6646                 }
6647
6648 # Check for compiler attributes
6649                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6650                     $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6651                         my $attr = $1;
6652                         $attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6653
6654                         my %attr_list = (
6655                                 "alias"                         => "__alias",
6656                                 "aligned"                       => "__aligned",
6657                                 "always_inline"                 => "__always_inline",
6658                                 "assume_aligned"                => "__assume_aligned",
6659                                 "cold"                          => "__cold",
6660                                 "const"                         => "__attribute_const__",
6661                                 "copy"                          => "__copy",
6662                                 "designated_init"               => "__designated_init",
6663                                 "externally_visible"            => "__visible",
6664                                 "format"                        => "printf|scanf",
6665                                 "gnu_inline"                    => "__gnu_inline",
6666                                 "malloc"                        => "__malloc",
6667                                 "mode"                          => "__mode",
6668                                 "no_caller_saved_registers"     => "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6669                                 "noclone"                       => "__noclone",
6670                                 "noinline"                      => "noinline",
6671                                 "nonstring"                     => "__nonstring",
6672                                 "noreturn"                      => "__noreturn",
6673                                 "packed"                        => "__packed",
6674                                 "pure"                          => "__pure",
6675                                 "section"                       => "__section",
6676                                 "used"                          => "__used",
6677                                 "weak"                          => "__weak"
6678                         );
6679
6680                         while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6681                                 my $orig_attr = $1;
6682                                 my $params = '';
6683                                 $params = $2 if defined($2);
6684                                 my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6685                                 $curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6686                                 if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6687                                         my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6688                                         if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6689                                                 $params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6690                                                 $new = "__$1\($2";
6691                                         } else {
6692                                                 $new = "$new$params";
6693                                         }
6694                                         if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6695                                                  "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6696                                             $fix) {
6697                                                 my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6698                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6699                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6700                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6701                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6702                                         }
6703                                 }
6704                         }
6705
6706                         # Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6707                         if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6708                                 WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6709                                      "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6710                         }
6711                 }
6712
6713 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6714                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6715                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6716                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6717                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6718                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6719                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6720                 }
6721
6722 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6723                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6724                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6725                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6726                         my $type = $1;
6727                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6728                                 $type = $1;
6729                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
6730                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6731                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
6732                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
6733                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6734                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6735                                     $fix) {
6736                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6737                                 }
6738                         }
6739                 }
6740
6741 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6742                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6743                         my $cast = $1;
6744                         my $const = $2;
6745                         my $suffix = "";
6746                         my $newconst = $const;
6747                         $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6748                         $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6749                         if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6750                             $suffix .= 'LL';
6751                         } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6752                             $suffix .= 'L';
6753                         }
6754                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6755                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6756                             $fix) {
6757                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6758                         }
6759                 }
6760
6761 # check for sizeof(&)
6762                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6763                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6764                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6765                 }
6766
6767 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
6768                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6769                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6770                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6771                             $fix) {
6772                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6773                         }
6774                 }
6775
6776 # check for struct spinlock declarations
6777                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6778                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6779                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6780                 }
6781
6782 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6783                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6784                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6785                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6786                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6787                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6788                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6789                                     $fix) {
6790                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6791                                 }
6792                         }
6793                 }
6794
6795 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6796                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6797                     defined $stat &&
6798                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6799                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6800                         my $stat_real;
6801
6802                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6803                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6804                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6805                                 my $specifier;
6806                                 my $extension;
6807                                 my $qualifier;
6808                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6809                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6810                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6811
6812                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6813                                         $specifier = $1;
6814                                         $extension = $2;
6815                                         $qualifier = $3;
6816                                         if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6817                                             ($extension eq "f" &&
6818                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6819                                             ($extension eq "4" &&
6820                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6821                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6822                                                 last;
6823                                         }
6824                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6825                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6826                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6827                                                 }
6828                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6829                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6830                                         }
6831                                 }
6832                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6833                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6834                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6835                                         my $use = "";
6836                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6837                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6838                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6839                                         }
6840
6841                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6842                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6843                                 }
6844                         }
6845                 }
6846
6847 # Check for misused memsets
6848                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6849                     defined $stat &&
6850                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6851
6852                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6853                         my $ms_val = $7;
6854                         my $ms_size = $12;
6855
6856                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6857                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6858                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6859                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6860                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6861                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6862                         }
6863                 }
6864
6865 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6866 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6867 #                   defined $stat &&
6868 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6869 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6870 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6871 #                           $fix) {
6872 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6873 #                       }
6874 #               }
6875
6876 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6877 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6878 #                   defined $stat &&
6879 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6880 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6881 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6882 #               }
6883
6884 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6885 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6886 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6887 #                   defined $stat &&
6888 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6889 #
6890 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6891 #
6892 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6893 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6894 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6895 #                                   $fix) {
6896 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6897 #                               }
6898 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6899 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6900 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6901 #                                   $fix) {
6902 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6903 #                               }
6904 #                       }
6905 #               }
6906
6907 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6908                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6909                     defined $stat &&
6910                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6911                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6912                                 my $call = $1;
6913                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6914                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6915                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6916                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6917                                 my $cast;
6918
6919                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6920                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6921                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6922                                         $cast = $cast1;
6923                                 } else {
6924                                         $cast = $cast2;
6925                                 }
6926                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6927                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6928                         }
6929                 }
6930
6931 # check usleep_range arguments
6932                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6933                     defined $stat &&
6934                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6935                         my $min = $1;
6936                         my $max = $7;
6937                         if ($min eq $max) {
6938                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6939                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6940                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6941                                  $min > $max) {
6942                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6943                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6944                         }
6945                 }
6946
6947 # check for naked sscanf
6948                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6949                     defined $stat &&
6950                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6951                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6952                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6953                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6954                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6955                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6956                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6957                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6958                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6959                 }
6960
6961 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6962                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6963                     defined $stat &&
6964                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6965                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6966                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6967                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6968                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6969                                 my $format = $6;
6970                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6971                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6972                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6973                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6974                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6975                                 }
6976                         }
6977                 }
6978
6979 # check for new externs in .h files.
6980                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6981                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6982                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6983                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6984                             $fix) {
6985                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6986                         }
6987                 }
6988
6989 # check for new externs in .c files.
6990                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6991                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6992                 {
6993                         my $function_name = $1;
6994                         my $paren_space = $2;
6995
6996                         my $s = $stat;
6997                         if (defined $cond) {
6998                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6999                         }
7000                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
7001                         {
7002                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7003                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7004                         }
7005
7006                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
7007                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7008                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
7009                         }
7010
7011                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7012                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
7013                 {
7014                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7015                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7016                 }
7017
7018 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
7019                 if (defined $stat &&
7020                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
7021                     $1 ne "void") {
7022                         my $args = trim($1);
7023                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7024                                 my $arg = trim($1);
7025                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7026                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7027                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7028                                 }
7029                         }
7030                 }
7031
7032 # check for function definitions
7033                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7034                     defined $stat &&
7035                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7036                         $context_function = $1;
7037
7038 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7039                         my $ok = 0;
7040                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7041                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7042                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7043                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7044                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7045                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7046                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7047                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7048                         }
7049                         if (!$ok) {
7050                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7051                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7052                         }
7053                 }
7054
7055 # checks for new __setup's
7056                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7057                         my $name = $1;
7058
7059                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7060                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7061                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7062                         }
7063                 }
7064
7065 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7066                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7067                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7068                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7069                 }
7070
7071 # alloc style
7072 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7073                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7074                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7075                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7076                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7077                 }
7078
7079 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
7080                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7081                     defined $stat &&
7082                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7083                         my $oldfunc = $3;
7084                         my $a1 = $4;
7085                         my $a2 = $10;
7086                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7087                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7088                         my $r1 = $a1;
7089                         my $r2 = $a2;
7090                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7091                                 $r1 = $a2;
7092                                 $r2 = $a1;
7093                         }
7094                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7095                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7096                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7097                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7098
7099                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7100                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7101                                     $cnt == 1 &&
7102                                     $fix) {
7103                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7104                                 }
7105                         }
7106                 }
7107
7108 # check for krealloc arg reuse
7109                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7110                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7111                     $1 eq $3) {
7112                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7113                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7114                 }
7115
7116 # check for alloc argument mismatch
7117                 if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?(?:kcalloc|kmalloc_array))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7118                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7119                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7120                 }
7121
7122 # check for multiple semicolons
7123                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7124                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7125                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7126                             $fix) {
7127                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7128                         }
7129                 }
7130
7131 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7132                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7133                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7134                         my $ull = "";
7135                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7136                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7137                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7138                             $fix) {
7139                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7140                         }
7141                 }
7142
7143 # check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7144                 if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7145                         WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7146                              "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7147                 }
7148
7149 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7150                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7151                         my $config = $1;
7152                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7153                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7154                             $fix) {
7155                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7156                         }
7157                 }
7158
7159 # check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7160                 my @fallthroughs = (
7161                         'fallthrough',
7162                         '@fallthrough@',
7163                         'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7164                         'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7165                         '(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7166                         'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7167                         'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7168                     );
7169                 if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7170                         foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7171                                 if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7172                                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7173                                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7174                                         &{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7175                                                       "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7176                                         last;
7177                                 }
7178                         }
7179                 }
7180
7181 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
7182                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7183                     defined $stat &&
7184                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7185                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7186                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7187
7188                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7189                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7190                 }
7191
7192 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7193                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7194                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7195                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7196                             $fix) {
7197                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7198                         }
7199                 }
7200
7201 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7202                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7203                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7204                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7205                 }
7206
7207 # check for use of yield()
7208                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7209                         WARN("YIELD",
7210                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7211                 }
7212
7213 # check for comparisons against true and false
7214                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7215                         my $lead = $1;
7216                         my $arg = $2;
7217                         my $test = $3;
7218                         my $otype = $4;
7219                         my $trail = $5;
7220                         my $op = "!";
7221
7222                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7223
7224                         my $type = lc($otype);
7225                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7226                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7227                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7228                                         $op = "";
7229                                 }
7230
7231                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7232                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7233
7234 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7235 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7236
7237                         }
7238                 }
7239
7240 # check for semaphores initialized locked
7241                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7242                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7243                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7244                 }
7245
7246 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7247                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7248                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7249                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7250                 }
7251
7252 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7253                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7254                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7255                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7256                 }
7257
7258 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7259                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7260                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7261                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7262                 }
7263
7264 # check for deprecated apis
7265                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7266                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
7267                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7268                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7269                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7270                 }
7271
7272 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7273 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7274                 if (defined($const_structs) &&
7275                     $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7276                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7277                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7278                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7279                 }
7280
7281 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7282 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7283 # ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7284                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7285                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7286                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7287                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7288                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7289                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7290                     $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7291                 {
7292                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
7293                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7294                 }
7295
7296 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7297                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7298                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7299                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7300                 }
7301
7302 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7303                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7304                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7305                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7306                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7307                 }
7308
7309 # return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7310                 if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7311                     substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7312                         my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7313                         if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7314                                  "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7315                             $fix) {
7316                                 substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7317                         }
7318                 }
7319
7320 # nested likely/unlikely calls
7321                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7322                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7323                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7324                 }
7325
7326 # whine mightly about in_atomic
7327                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7328                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7329                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7330                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7331                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7332                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7333                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7334                         }
7335                 }
7336
7337 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7338                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7339                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7340                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7341                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7342                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7343                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7344                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7345                         }
7346                 }
7347
7348                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7349                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7350                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7351                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7352                 }
7353
7354 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7355 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7356 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7357                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7358                     defined $stat &&
7359                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7360                         my $var = $1;
7361                         my $perms = $2;
7362                         my $show = $3;
7363                         my $store = $4;
7364                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7365                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7366                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7367                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7368                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7369                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7370                                     $fix) {
7371                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7372                                 }
7373                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7374                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7375                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7376                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7377                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7378                                     $fix) {
7379                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7380                                 }
7381                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7382                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7383                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7384                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7385                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7386                                     $fix) {
7387                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7388                                 }
7389                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7390                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7391                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7392                                 my $newshow = "$show";
7393                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7394                                 my $newstore = $store;
7395                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7396                                 my $rename = "";
7397                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
7398                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7399                                 }
7400                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
7401                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7402                                 }
7403                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7404                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7405                         } else {
7406                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7407                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7408                         }
7409                 }
7410
7411 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7412 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7413 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7414 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7415 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7416 #   use the default permissions
7417                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7418                     defined $stat &&
7419                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7420                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7421                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
7422                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7423
7424                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7425                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
7426                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7427
7428                                 my $skip_args = "";
7429                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7430                                         $arg_pos--;
7431                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7432                                 }
7433                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7434                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7435                                         my $val = $1;
7436                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7437                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7438                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7439                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7440                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7441                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7442                                         }
7443                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7444                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7445                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7446                                         }
7447                                 }
7448                         }
7449                 }
7450
7451 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7452                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7453                         my $oval = $1;
7454                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7455                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7456                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7457                             $fix) {
7458                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7459                         }
7460                 }
7461
7462 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7463                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7464                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7465                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
7466                                                 GPL|
7467                                                 GPL\ v2|
7468                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7469                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7470                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7471                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7472                                                 Proprietary
7473                                         }x;
7474                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7475                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7476                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7477                         }
7478                 }
7479
7480 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
7481                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7482                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7483                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7484                 }
7485         }
7486
7487         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7488         # so just keep quiet.
7489         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7490                 exit(0);
7491         }
7492
7493         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7494         # things that appear to be patches.
7495         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7496                 exit(0);
7497         }
7498
7499         # This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7500         # just keep quiet.
7501         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7502                 exit(0);
7503         }
7504
7505         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7506                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7507                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7508         }
7509         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7510                 if ($signoff == 0) {
7511                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7512                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7513                 } elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7514                         # authorsignoff values:
7515                         # 0 -> missing sign off
7516                         # 1 -> sign off identical
7517                         # 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7518                         # 3 -> addresses match, names different
7519                         # 4 -> names match, addresses different
7520                         # 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7521
7522                         my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7523
7524                         if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7525                                 ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7526                                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7527                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7528                                 CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7529                                     "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7530                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7531                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7532                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7533                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7534                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7535                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7536                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7537                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7538                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7539                         }
7540                 }
7541         }
7542
7543         print report_dump();
7544         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7545                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7546                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7547                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7548                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7549         }
7550
7551         if ($quiet == 0) {
7552                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7553                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7554                         print << "EOM"
7555
7556 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7557       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7558 EOM
7559                 }
7560                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7561                 # then suggest that.
7562                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7563                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
7564                         print << "EOM"
7565
7566 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7567       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7568 EOM
7569                 }
7570         }
7571
7572         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7573             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7574              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7575                 my $newfile = $filename;
7576                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7577                 my $linecount = 0;
7578                 my $f;
7579
7580                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7581
7582                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
7583                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7584                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7585                         $linecount++;
7586                         if ($file) {
7587                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
7588                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7589                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7590                                 }
7591                         } else {
7592                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7593                         }
7594                 }
7595                 close($f);
7596
7597                 if (!$quiet) {
7598                         print << "EOM";
7599
7600 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7601
7602 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7603 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7604
7605 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7606 No warranties, expressed or implied...
7607 EOM
7608                 }
7609         }
7610
7611         if ($quiet == 0) {
7612                 print "\n";
7613                 if ($clean == 1) {
7614                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7615                 } else {
7616                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7617                 }
7618         }
7619         return $clean;
7620 }