1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include "load-fragment.h"
42 #include "conf-parser.h"
43 #include "bus-errors.h"
51 #include "path-util.h"
52 #include "switch-root.h"
53 #include "capability.h"
56 #include "mount-setup.h"
57 #include "loopback-setup.h"
58 #include "kmod-setup.h"
59 #include "hostname-setup.h"
60 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
61 #include "locale-setup.h"
63 #include "selinux-setup.h"
64 #include "ima-setup.h"
71 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
,
73 } arg_action
= ACTION_RUN
;
75 static char *arg_default_unit
= NULL
;
76 static ManagerRunningAs arg_running_as
= _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_INVALID
;
78 static bool arg_dump_core
= true;
79 static bool arg_crash_shell
= false;
80 static int arg_crash_chvt
= -1;
81 static bool arg_confirm_spawn
= false;
82 static bool arg_show_status
= true;
83 static bool arg_switched_root
= false;
84 static char **arg_default_controllers
= NULL
;
85 static char ***arg_join_controllers
= NULL
;
86 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output
= EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL
;
87 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error
= EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT
;
88 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog
= 0;
89 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog
= 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE
;
90 static struct rlimit
*arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NLIMITS
] = {};
91 static uint64_t arg_capability_bounding_set_drop
= 0;
92 static nsec_t arg_timer_slack_nsec
= (nsec_t
) -1;
94 static FILE* serialization
= NULL
;
96 static void nop_handler(int sig
) {
99 _noreturn_
static void crash(int sig
) {
102 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig
));
107 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
109 sa
.sa_handler
= nop_handler
;
110 sa
.sa_flags
= SA_NOCLDSTOP
|SA_RESTART
;
111 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD
, &sa
, NULL
) == 0);
113 if ((pid
= fork()) < 0)
114 log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig
), strerror(errno
));
119 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
121 sa
.sa_handler
= SIG_DFL
;
122 assert_se(sigaction(sig
, &sa
, NULL
) == 0);
124 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
126 rl
.rlim_cur
= RLIM_INFINITY
;
127 rl
.rlim_max
= RLIM_INFINITY
;
128 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE
, &rl
);
130 /* Just to be sure... */
131 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
133 /* Raise the signal again */
136 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
143 /* Order things nicely. */
144 if ((r
= wait_for_terminate(pid
, &status
)) < 0)
145 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig
), strerror(-r
));
146 else if (status
.si_code
!= CLD_DUMPED
)
147 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig
));
149 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig
), (unsigned long) pid
);
154 chvt(arg_crash_chvt
);
156 if (arg_crash_shell
) {
160 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
163 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
165 sa
.sa_handler
= SIG_IGN
;
166 sa
.sa_flags
= SA_NOCLDSTOP
|SA_NOCLDWAIT
|SA_RESTART
;
167 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD
, &sa
, NULL
) == 0);
171 log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %s", strerror(errno
));
173 make_console_stdio();
174 execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL
);
176 log_error("execl() failed: %s", strerror(errno
));
180 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid
);
183 log_info("Freezing execution.");
187 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
192 sa
.sa_handler
= crash
;
193 sa
.sa_flags
= SA_NODEFER
;
195 sigaction_many(&sa
, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER
, -1);
198 static int console_setup(bool do_reset
) {
201 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
202 * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
209 tty_fd
= open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
211 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd
));
215 /* We don't want to force text mode.
216 * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
217 r
= reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd
, false);
219 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r
));
221 close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd
);
225 static int set_default_unit(const char *u
) {
234 free(arg_default_unit
);
235 arg_default_unit
= c
;
240 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word
) {
242 static const char * const rlmap
[] = {
243 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET
,
244 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET
,
245 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
,
246 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
,
247 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
,
248 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
,
249 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
,
250 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET
,
251 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET
,
252 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET
,
253 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET
,
258 if (startswith(word
, "systemd.unit=")) {
261 return set_default_unit(word
+ 13);
263 } else if (startswith(word
, "rd.systemd.unit=")) {
266 return set_default_unit(word
+ 16);
268 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.log_target=")) {
270 if (log_set_target_from_string(word
+ 19) < 0)
271 log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 19);
273 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.log_level=")) {
275 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word
+ 18) < 0)
276 log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 18);
278 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.log_color=")) {
280 if (log_show_color_from_string(word
+ 18) < 0)
281 log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 18);
283 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.log_location=")) {
285 if (log_show_location_from_string(word
+ 21) < 0)
286 log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 21);
288 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
291 if ((r
= parse_boolean(word
+ 18)) < 0)
292 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 18);
296 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
299 if ((r
= parse_boolean(word
+ 20)) < 0)
300 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 20);
304 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
307 if ((r
= parse_boolean(word
+ 22)) < 0)
308 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 22);
310 arg_confirm_spawn
= r
;
312 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
315 if (safe_atoi(word
+ 19, &k
) < 0)
316 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 19);
320 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.show_status=")) {
323 if ((r
= parse_boolean(word
+ 20)) < 0)
324 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 20);
327 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
330 if ((r
= exec_output_from_string(word
+ 32)) < 0)
331 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 32);
333 arg_default_std_output
= r
;
334 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
337 if ((r
= exec_output_from_string(word
+ 31)) < 0)
338 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word
+ 31);
340 arg_default_std_error
= r
;
341 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.setenv=")) {
345 cenv
= strdup(word
+ 15);
349 eq
= strchr(cenv
, '=');
353 log_warning("unsetenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno
));
356 r
= setenv(cenv
, eq
+ 1, 1);
358 log_warning("setenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno
));
362 } else if (startswith(word
, "systemd.") ||
363 (in_initrd() && startswith(word
, "rd.systemd."))) {
365 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word
);
367 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
368 "systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start\n"
369 "rd.systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start when run in initrd\n"
370 "systemd.dump_core=0|1 Dump core on crash\n"
371 "systemd.crash_shell=0|1 Run shell on crash\n"
372 "systemd.crash_chvt=N Change to VT #N on crash\n"
373 "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1 Confirm every process spawn\n"
374 "systemd.show_status=0|1 Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
375 "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
377 "systemd.log_level=LEVEL Log level\n"
378 "systemd.log_color=0|1 Highlight important log messages\n"
379 "systemd.log_location=0|1 Include code location in log messages\n"
380 "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
381 " Set default log output for services\n"
382 "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
383 " Set default log error output for services\n"
384 "systemd.setenv=ASSIGNMENT Set an environment variable for all spawned processes\n");
386 } else if (streq(word
, "quiet"))
387 arg_show_status
= false;
388 else if (!in_initrd()) {
391 /* SysV compatibility */
392 for (i
= 0; i
< ELEMENTSOF(rlmap
); i
+= 2)
393 if (streq(word
, rlmap
[i
]))
394 return set_default_unit(rlmap
[i
+1]);
400 static int config_parse_level2(
401 const char *filename
,
414 log_set_max_level_from_string(rvalue
);
418 static int config_parse_target(
419 const char *filename
,
432 log_set_target_from_string(rvalue
);
436 static int config_parse_color(
437 const char *filename
,
450 log_show_color_from_string(rvalue
);
454 static int config_parse_location(
455 const char *filename
,
468 log_show_location_from_string(rvalue
);
472 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
473 const char *filename
,
492 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w
, l
, rvalue
, state
) {
497 if (!(t
= strndup(w
, l
)))
500 r
= safe_atou(t
, &cpu
);
504 if (!(c
= cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus
)))
507 if (r
< 0 || cpu
>= ncpus
) {
508 log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to parse CPU affinity: %s", filename
, line
, rvalue
);
513 CPU_SET_S(cpu
, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus
), c
);
517 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus
), c
) < 0)
518 log_warning("Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
526 static void strv_free_free(char ***l
) {
538 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
539 if (!arg_join_controllers
)
542 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers
);
543 arg_join_controllers
= NULL
;
546 static int config_parse_join_controllers(
547 const char *filename
,
564 free_join_controllers();
566 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w
, length
, rvalue
, state
) {
569 s
= strndup(w
, length
);
573 l
= strv_split(s
, ",");
578 if (strv_length(l
) <= 1) {
583 if (!arg_join_controllers
) {
584 arg_join_controllers
= new(char**, 2);
585 if (!arg_join_controllers
) {
590 arg_join_controllers
[0] = l
;
591 arg_join_controllers
[1] = NULL
;
598 t
= new0(char**, n
+2);
606 for (a
= arg_join_controllers
; *a
; a
++) {
608 if (strv_overlap(*a
, l
)) {
611 c
= strv_merge(*a
, l
);
634 t
[n
++] = strv_uniq(l
);
636 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers
);
637 arg_join_controllers
= t
;
644 static int parse_config_file(void) {
646 const ConfigTableItem items
[] = {
647 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2
, 0, NULL
},
648 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target
, 0, NULL
},
649 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color
, 0, NULL
},
650 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location
, 0, NULL
},
651 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool
, 0, &arg_dump_core
},
652 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool
, 0, &arg_crash_shell
},
653 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_bool
, 0, &arg_show_status
},
654 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int
, 0, &arg_crash_chvt
},
655 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2
, 0, NULL
},
656 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers", config_parse_strv
, 0, &arg_default_controllers
},
657 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output
, 0, &arg_default_std_output
},
658 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output
, 0, &arg_default_std_error
},
659 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers
, 0, &arg_join_controllers
},
660 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec
, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog
},
661 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec
, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog
},
662 { "Manager", "CapabilityBoundingSet", config_parse_bounding_set
, 0, &arg_capability_bounding_set_drop
},
663 { "Manager", "TimerSlackNSec", config_parse_nsec
, 0, &arg_timer_slack_nsec
},
664 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_CPU
]},
665 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_FSIZE
]},
666 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_DATA
]},
667 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_STACK
]},
668 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_CORE
]},
669 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_RSS
]},
670 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NOFILE
]},
671 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_AS
]},
672 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NPROC
]},
673 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
]},
674 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_LOCKS
]},
675 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING",config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
]},
676 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE
]},
677 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_NICE
]},
678 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_RTPRIO
]},
679 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_limit
, 0, &arg_default_rlimit
[RLIMIT_RTTIME
]},
680 { NULL
, NULL
, NULL
, 0, NULL
}
687 fn
= arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
? SYSTEM_CONFIG_FILE
: USER_CONFIG_FILE
;
693 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn
);
697 r
= config_parse(fn
, f
, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup
, (void*) items
, false, NULL
);
699 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r
));
706 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
707 char *line
, *w
, *state
;
711 /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
712 * that is only relevant for the host system */
713 if (detect_container(NULL
) > 0)
716 if ((r
= read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line
)) < 0) {
717 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r
));
721 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w
, l
, line
, state
) {
724 if (!(word
= strndup(w
, l
))) {
729 r
= parse_proc_cmdline_word(word
);
743 static int parse_argv(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
746 ARG_LOG_LEVEL
= 0x100,
755 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
,
763 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT
,
764 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
767 static const struct option options
[] = {
768 { "log-level", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_LOG_LEVEL
},
769 { "log-target", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_LOG_TARGET
},
770 { "log-color", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_LOG_COLOR
},
771 { "log-location", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_LOG_LOCATION
},
772 { "unit", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_UNIT
},
773 { "system", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SYSTEM
},
774 { "user", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_USER
},
775 { "test", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_TEST
},
776 { "help", no_argument
, NULL
, 'h' },
777 { "version", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_VERSION
},
778 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
},
779 { "dump-core", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DUMP_CORE
},
780 { "crash-shell", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_CRASH_SHELL
},
781 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN
},
782 { "show-status", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SHOW_STATUS
},
783 { "deserialize", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DESERIALIZE
},
784 { "switched-root", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT
},
785 { "introspect", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_INTROSPECT
},
786 { "default-standard-output", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT
, },
787 { "default-standard-error", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
, },
799 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hDbsz:", options
, NULL
)) >= 0)
804 if ((r
= log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
805 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg
);
813 if ((r
= log_set_target_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
814 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg
);
823 if ((r
= log_show_color_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
824 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg
);
828 log_show_color(true);
832 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION
:
835 if ((r
= log_show_location_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
836 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg
);
840 log_show_location(true);
844 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT
:
846 if ((r
= exec_output_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
847 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg
);
850 arg_default_std_output
= r
;
853 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
:
855 if ((r
= exec_output_from_string(optarg
)) < 0) {
856 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg
);
859 arg_default_std_error
= r
;
864 if ((r
= set_default_unit(optarg
)) < 0) {
865 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg
, strerror(-r
));
872 arg_running_as
= MANAGER_SYSTEM
;
876 arg_running_as
= MANAGER_USER
;
880 arg_action
= ACTION_TEST
;
884 arg_action
= ACTION_VERSION
;
887 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
:
888 arg_action
= ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
;
892 r
= optarg
? parse_boolean(optarg
) : 1;
894 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg
);
900 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL
:
901 r
= optarg
? parse_boolean(optarg
) : 1;
903 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg
);
909 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN
:
910 r
= optarg
? parse_boolean(optarg
) : 1;
912 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg
);
915 arg_confirm_spawn
= r
;
918 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS
:
919 r
= optarg
? parse_boolean(optarg
) : 1;
921 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg
);
927 case ARG_DESERIALIZE
: {
931 if ((r
= safe_atoi(optarg
, &fd
)) < 0 || fd
< 0) {
932 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg
);
936 if (!(f
= fdopen(fd
, "r"))) {
937 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
942 fclose(serialization
);
949 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT
:
950 arg_switched_root
= true;
953 case ARG_INTROSPECT
: {
954 const char * const * i
= NULL
;
956 for (i
= bus_interface_table
; *i
; i
+= 2)
957 if (!optarg
|| streq(i
[0], optarg
)) {
958 fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
961 fputs("</node>\n", stdout
);
968 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg
);
970 arg_action
= ACTION_DONE
;
975 arg_action
= ACTION_HELP
;
979 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG
);
985 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
986 * cmdline args without getopt() error
987 * messages that we'll parse in
988 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
993 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c
);
1000 if (optind
< argc
&& getpid() != 1) {
1001 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
1002 * let's complain about excess arguments */
1004 log_error("Excess arguments.");
1008 if (detect_container(NULL
) > 0) {
1011 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
1012 * understand it passed to us. We're not really
1013 * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
1014 * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
1015 * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
1016 * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
1019 for (a
= argv
; a
< argv
+ argc
; a
++)
1020 if ((r
= parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a
)) < 0)
1027 static int help(void) {
1029 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1030 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1031 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1032 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1033 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1034 " --introspect[=INTERFACE] Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1035 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1036 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1037 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1038 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
1039 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
1040 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1041 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1042 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1043 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1044 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
1045 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
1046 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1047 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1048 program_invocation_short_name
);
1053 static int version(void) {
1054 puts(PACKAGE_STRING
);
1056 puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES
);
1061 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager
*m
, FILE **_f
, FDSet
**_fds
, bool serialize_jobs
) {
1070 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1073 r
= manager_open_serialization(m
, &f
);
1075 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r
));
1082 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r
));
1086 r
= manager_serialize(m
, f
, fds
, serialize_jobs
);
1088 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r
));
1092 if (fseeko(f
, 0, SEEK_SET
) < 0) {
1093 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1097 r
= fd_cloexec(fileno(f
), false);
1099 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r
));
1103 r
= fdset_cloexec(fds
, false);
1105 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r
));
1123 static struct dual_timestamp
* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp
*t
) {
1125 unsigned long long a
, b
;
1129 e
= getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1133 if (sscanf(e
, "%llu %llu", &a
, &b
) != 2)
1136 t
->realtime
= (usec_t
) a
;
1137 t
->monotonic
= (usec_t
) b
;
1142 static void test_mtab(void) {
1145 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1147 if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p
) >= 0) {
1150 b
= streq(p
, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p
, "/proc/mounts");
1157 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1158 "This is not supported anymore. "
1159 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1162 static void test_usr(void) {
1164 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1166 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1169 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1170 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1171 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1174 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1176 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK
) >= 0)
1179 log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1180 "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1181 "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1182 "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1183 "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1184 "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1189 int main(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
1191 int r
, retval
= EXIT_FAILURE
;
1192 usec_t before_startup
, after_startup
;
1193 char timespan
[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX
];
1195 bool reexecute
= false;
1196 const char *shutdown_verb
= NULL
;
1197 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp
= { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1198 static char systemd
[] = "systemd";
1199 bool skip_setup
= false;
1201 bool loaded_policy
= false;
1202 bool arm_reboot_watchdog
= false;
1203 bool queue_default_job
= false;
1204 char *switch_root_dir
= NULL
, *switch_root_init
= NULL
;
1206 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1207 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name
, "init")) {
1208 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1209 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1212 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH
, argv
);
1213 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH
": %m");
1218 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1219 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1220 * have a quick peek here. */
1221 for (j
= 1; j
< argc
; j
++)
1222 if (streq(argv
[j
], "--deserialize")) {
1227 /* If we have switched root, do all the special setup
1229 for (j
= 1; j
< argc
; j
++)
1230 if (streq(argv
[j
], "--switched-root")) {
1235 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1236 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1237 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1238 systemd right-away. */
1239 program_invocation_short_name
= systemd
;
1240 prctl(PR_SET_NAME
, systemd
);
1245 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO
) > 0);
1246 log_show_location(false);
1247 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO
);
1249 if (getpid() == 1) {
1251 char *rd_timestamp
= NULL
;
1253 dual_timestamp_get(&initrd_timestamp
);
1254 asprintf(&rd_timestamp
, "%llu %llu",
1255 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp
.realtime
,
1256 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp
.monotonic
);
1258 setenv("RD_TIMESTAMP", rd_timestamp
, 1);
1263 arg_running_as
= MANAGER_SYSTEM
;
1264 log_set_target(detect_container(NULL
) > 0 ? LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL
: LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG
);
1267 if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy
) < 0)
1269 if (ima_setup() < 0)
1275 if (label_init(NULL
) < 0)
1279 if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1282 r
= hwclock_apply_localtime_delta(&min
);
1284 log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r
));
1286 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min
);
1290 arg_running_as
= MANAGER_USER
;
1291 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO
);
1295 /* Initialize default unit */
1296 if (set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
) < 0)
1299 /* By default, mount "cpu" and "cpuacct" together */
1300 arg_join_controllers
= new(char**, 2);
1301 if (!arg_join_controllers
)
1304 arg_join_controllers
[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL
);
1305 arg_join_controllers
[1] = NULL
;
1307 if (!arg_join_controllers
[0])
1310 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1311 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1312 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1313 r
= mount_setup(loaded_policy
);
1318 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1319 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1321 /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1322 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE
, -1);
1324 if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1327 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
)
1328 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1331 log_parse_environment();
1333 if (parse_argv(argc
, argv
) < 0)
1336 if (arg_action
== ACTION_TEST
&& geteuid() == 0) {
1337 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1341 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
&&
1342 arg_action
== ACTION_RUN
&&
1343 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1344 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1348 if (arg_action
== ACTION_HELP
) {
1351 } else if (arg_action
== ACTION_VERSION
) {
1354 } else if (arg_action
== ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS
) {
1355 unit_dump_config_items(stdout
);
1356 retval
= EXIT_SUCCESS
;
1358 } else if (arg_action
== ACTION_DONE
) {
1359 retval
= EXIT_SUCCESS
;
1363 assert_se(arg_action
== ACTION_RUN
|| arg_action
== ACTION_TEST
);
1365 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1368 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1369 if (serialization
) {
1370 r
= fdset_new_fill(&fds
);
1372 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r
));
1376 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds
, fileno(serialization
)) >= 0);
1378 close_all_fds(NULL
, 0);
1380 /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1382 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1383 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1385 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1387 arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
);
1389 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
) {
1390 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1391 * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1392 * pass them on to our children. */
1394 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp
);
1396 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1397 * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1401 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1402 * but make little sense to pass on */
1407 /* When we are invoked by a chroot-like tool such as
1408 * nspawn, these might be set, but make little sense
1411 unsetenv("LOGNAME");
1413 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1414 * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1417 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1418 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1420 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
) {
1421 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1424 /* Disable the umask logic */
1428 /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1429 dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE
);
1431 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1432 * are freshly booted */
1433 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
&& arg_action
== ACTION_RUN
) {
1434 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !skip_setup
);
1438 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1441 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1444 install_crash_handler();
1446 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1447 r
= mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers
);
1452 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
) {
1453 const char *virtualization
= NULL
;
1455 log_info(PACKAGE_STRING
" running in system mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES
"; " DISTRIBUTION
")");
1457 detect_virtualization(&virtualization
);
1459 log_info("Detected virtualization '%s'.", virtualization
);
1462 log_info("Running in initial RAM disk.");
1465 log_debug(PACKAGE_STRING
" running in user mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES
"; " DISTRIBUTION
")");
1467 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
&& !skip_setup
) {
1470 if (arg_show_status
|| plymouth_running())
1483 if (arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
&& arg_runtime_watchdog
> 0)
1484 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog
);
1486 if (arg_timer_slack_nsec
!= (nsec_t
) -1)
1487 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK
, arg_timer_slack_nsec
) < 0)
1488 log_error("Failed to adjust timer slack: %m");
1490 if (arg_capability_bounding_set_drop
) {
1491 r
= capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop
, true);
1493 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set: %s", strerror(-r
));
1496 r
= capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop
);
1498 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers: %s", strerror(-r
));
1503 r
= manager_new(arg_running_as
, &m
);
1505 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r
));
1509 m
->confirm_spawn
= arg_confirm_spawn
;
1510 m
->default_std_output
= arg_default_std_output
;
1511 m
->default_std_error
= arg_default_std_error
;
1512 m
->runtime_watchdog
= arg_runtime_watchdog
;
1513 m
->shutdown_watchdog
= arg_shutdown_watchdog
;
1515 manager_set_default_rlimits(m
, arg_default_rlimit
);
1517 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&initrd_timestamp
))
1518 m
->initrd_timestamp
= initrd_timestamp
;
1520 if (arg_default_controllers
)
1521 manager_set_default_controllers(m
, arg_default_controllers
);
1523 manager_set_show_status(m
, arg_show_status
);
1525 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
1526 queue_default_job
= !serialization
|| arg_switched_root
;
1528 before_startup
= now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC
);
1530 r
= manager_startup(m
, serialization
, fds
);
1532 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r
));
1534 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1535 * not claimed by any unit. */
1541 if (serialization
) {
1542 fclose(serialization
);
1543 serialization
= NULL
;
1546 if (queue_default_job
) {
1548 Unit
*target
= NULL
;
1549 Job
*default_unit_job
;
1551 dbus_error_init(&error
);
1553 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit
);
1555 r
= manager_load_unit(m
, arg_default_unit
, NULL
, &error
, &target
);
1557 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error
, r
));
1558 dbus_error_free(&error
);
1559 } else if (target
->load_state
== UNIT_ERROR
)
1560 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target
->load_error
));
1561 else if (target
->load_state
== UNIT_MASKED
)
1562 log_error("Default target masked.");
1564 if (!target
|| target
->load_state
!= UNIT_LOADED
) {
1565 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1567 r
= manager_load_unit(m
, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET
, NULL
, &error
, &target
);
1569 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error
, r
));
1570 dbus_error_free(&error
);
1572 } else if (target
->load_state
== UNIT_ERROR
) {
1573 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target
->load_error
));
1575 } else if (target
->load_state
== UNIT_MASKED
) {
1576 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1581 assert(target
->load_state
== UNIT_LOADED
);
1583 if (arg_action
== ACTION_TEST
) {
1584 printf("-> By units:\n");
1585 manager_dump_units(m
, stdout
, "\t");
1588 r
= manager_add_job(m
, JOB_START
, target
, JOB_REPLACE
, false, &error
, &default_unit_job
);
1590 log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error
, r
));
1591 dbus_error_free(&error
);
1594 m
->default_unit_job_id
= default_unit_job
->id
;
1596 after_startup
= now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC
);
1597 log_full(arg_action
== ACTION_TEST
? LOG_INFO
: LOG_DEBUG
,
1598 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1599 format_timespan(timespan
, sizeof(timespan
), after_startup
- before_startup
));
1601 if (arg_action
== ACTION_TEST
) {
1602 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1603 manager_dump_jobs(m
, stdout
, "\t");
1604 retval
= EXIT_SUCCESS
;
1610 r
= manager_loop(m
);
1612 log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r
));
1616 switch (m
->exit_code
) {
1619 retval
= EXIT_SUCCESS
;
1623 case MANAGER_RELOAD
:
1624 log_info("Reloading.");
1625 r
= manager_reload(m
);
1627 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r
));
1630 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE
:
1632 if (prepare_reexecute(m
, &serialization
, &fds
, true) < 0)
1636 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1639 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT
:
1640 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1641 switch_root_dir
= m
->switch_root
;
1642 switch_root_init
= m
->switch_root_init
;
1643 m
->switch_root
= m
->switch_root_init
= NULL
;
1645 if (!switch_root_init
)
1646 if (prepare_reexecute(m
, &serialization
, &fds
, false) < 0)
1650 log_notice("Switching root.");
1653 case MANAGER_REBOOT
:
1654 case MANAGER_POWEROFF
:
1656 case MANAGER_KEXEC
: {
1657 static const char * const table
[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX
] = {
1658 [MANAGER_REBOOT
] = "reboot",
1659 [MANAGER_POWEROFF
] = "poweroff",
1660 [MANAGER_HALT
] = "halt",
1661 [MANAGER_KEXEC
] = "kexec"
1664 assert_se(shutdown_verb
= table
[m
->exit_code
]);
1665 arm_reboot_watchdog
= m
->exit_code
== MANAGER_REBOOT
;
1667 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1672 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1680 for (j
= 0; j
< RLIMIT_NLIMITS
; j
++)
1681 free (arg_default_rlimit
[j
]);
1683 free(arg_default_unit
);
1684 strv_free(arg_default_controllers
);
1685 free_join_controllers();
1692 unsigned i
, args_size
;
1694 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1695 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1696 * rebooted while we do that */
1697 watchdog_close(true);
1699 if (switch_root_dir
) {
1700 /* Kill all remaining processes from the
1701 * initrd, but don't wait for them, so that we
1702 * can handle the SIGCHLD for them after
1704 broadcast_signal(SIGTERM
, false);
1706 /* And switch root */
1707 r
= switch_root(switch_root_dir
);
1709 log_error("Failed to switch root, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r
));
1712 args_size
= MAX(6, argc
+1);
1713 args
= newa(const char*, args_size
);
1715 if (!switch_root_init
) {
1718 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1719 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1720 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1721 * explicit init to spawn. */
1723 assert(serialization
);
1726 snprintf(sfd
, sizeof(sfd
), "%i", fileno(serialization
));
1730 args
[i
++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH
;
1731 if (switch_root_dir
)
1732 args
[i
++] = "--switched-root";
1733 args
[i
++] = arg_running_as
== MANAGER_SYSTEM
? "--system" : "--user";
1734 args
[i
++] = "--deserialize";
1738 assert(i
<= args_size
);
1739 execv(args
[0], (char* const*) args
);
1742 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1743 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1744 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1745 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1746 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1748 if (serialization
) {
1749 fclose(serialization
);
1750 serialization
= NULL
;
1758 /* Reopen the console */
1759 make_console_stdio();
1761 for (j
= 1, i
= 1; j
< argc
; j
++)
1762 args
[i
++] = argv
[j
];
1764 assert(i
<= args_size
);
1766 if (switch_root_init
) {
1767 args
[0] = switch_root_init
;
1768 execv(args
[0], (char* const*) args
);
1769 log_warning("Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1772 args
[0] = "/sbin/init";
1773 execv(args
[0], (char* const*) args
);
1775 if (errno
== ENOENT
) {
1776 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1778 args
[0] = "/bin/sh";
1780 execv(args
[0], (char* const*) args
);
1781 log_error("Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1783 log_warning("Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1787 fclose(serialization
);
1792 if (shutdown_verb
) {
1793 const char * command_line
[] = {
1794 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH
,
1800 if (arm_reboot_watchdog
&& arg_shutdown_watchdog
> 0) {
1803 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1804 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1805 * repeatedly ping it */
1806 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog
);
1807 watchdog_close(false);
1809 /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1810 snprintf(e
, sizeof(e
), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog
);
1813 env_block
= strv_append(environ
, e
);
1815 env_block
= strv_copy(environ
);
1816 watchdog_close(true);
1819 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH
, (char **) command_line
, env_block
);
1821 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");