src/core/manager.c

   1 /***
   2   This file is part of systemd.
   3
   4   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   5
   6   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
   8   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
   9   (at your option) any later version.
  10
  11   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  12   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  14   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  15
  16   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  17   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  18 ***/
  19
  20 #include <dirent.h>
  21 #include <errno.h>
  22 #include <fcntl.h>
  23 #include <linux/kd.h>
  24 #include <signal.h>
  25 #include <string.h>
  26 #include <sys/epoll.h>
  27 #include <sys/inotify.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  30 #include <sys/timerfd.h>
  31 #include <sys/wait.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33
  34 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
  35 #include <libaudit.h>
  36 #endif
  37
  38 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  39 #include "sd-messages.h"
  40
  41 #include "alloc-util.h"
  42 #include "audit-fd.h"
  43 #include "boot-timestamps.h"
  44 #include "bus-common-errors.h"
  45 #include "bus-error.h"
  46 #include "bus-kernel.h"
  47 #include "bus-util.h"
  48 #include "clean-ipc.h"
  49 #include "dbus-job.h"
  50 #include "dbus-manager.h"
  51 #include "dbus-unit.h"
  52 #include "dbus.h"
  53 #include "dirent-util.h"
  54 #include "env-util.h"
  55 #include "escape.h"
  56 #include "exit-status.h"
  57 #include "fd-util.h"
  58 #include "fileio.h"
  59 #include "fs-util.h"
  60 #include "hashmap.h"
  61 #include "io-util.h"
  62 #include "locale-setup.h"
  63 #include "log.h"
  64 #include "macro.h"
  65 #include "manager.h"
  66 #include "missing.h"
  67 #include "mkdir.h"
  68 #include "parse-util.h"
  69 #include "path-lookup.h"
  70 #include "path-util.h"
  71 #include "process-util.h"
  72 #include "ratelimit.h"
  73 #include "rm-rf.h"
  74 #include "signal-util.h"
  75 #include "special.h"
  76 #include "stat-util.h"
  77 #include "string-table.h"
  78 #include "string-util.h"
  79 #include "strv.h"
  80 #include "terminal-util.h"
  81 #include "time-util.h"
  82 #include "transaction.h"
  83 #include "umask-util.h"
  84 #include "unit-name.h"
  85 #include "user-util.h"
  86 #include "util.h"
  87 #include "virt.h"
  88 #include "watchdog.h"
  89
  90 #define NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
  91 #define CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
  92
  93 /* Initial delay and the interval for printing status messages about running jobs */
  94 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC (5*USEC_PER_SEC)
  95 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC (USEC_PER_SEC / 3)
  96 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR 3
  97
  98 static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
  99 static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
 100 static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
 101 static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
 102 static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
 103 static int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
 104 static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata);
 105 static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata);
 106 static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m);
 107
 108 static void manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
 109         usec_t next;
 110         int r;
 111
 112         assert(m);
 113
 114         /* We do not want to show the cylon animation if the user
 115          * needs to confirm service executions otherwise confirmation
 116          * messages will be screwed by the cylon animation. */
 117         if (!manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(m))
 118                 return;
 119
 120         if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
 121                 return;
 122
 123         next = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) + JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC;
 124         r = sd_event_add_time(
 125                         m->event,
 126                         &m->jobs_in_progress_event_source,
 127                         CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
 128                         next, 0,
 129                         manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress, m);
 130         if (r < 0)
 131                 return;
 132
 133         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source, "manager-jobs-in-progress");
 134 }
 135
 136 #define CYLON_BUFFER_EXTRA (2*(sizeof(ANSI_RED)-1) + sizeof(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED)-1 + 2*(sizeof(ANSI_NORMAL)-1))
 137
 138 static void draw_cylon(char buffer[], size_t buflen, unsigned width, unsigned pos) {
 139         char *p = buffer;
 140
 141         assert(buflen >= CYLON_BUFFER_EXTRA + width + 1);
 142         assert(pos <= width+1); /* 0 or width+1 mean that the center light is behind the corner */
 143
 144         if (pos > 1) {
 145                 if (pos > 2)
 146                         p = mempset(p, ' ', pos-2);
 147                 if (log_get_show_color())
 148                         p = stpcpy(p, ANSI_RED);
 149                 *p++ = '*';
 150         }
 151
 152         if (pos > 0 && pos <= width) {
 153                 if (log_get_show_color())
 154                         p = stpcpy(p, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED);
 155                 *p++ = '*';
 156         }
 157
 158         if (log_get_show_color())
 159                 p = stpcpy(p, ANSI_NORMAL);
 160
 161         if (pos < width) {
 162                 if (log_get_show_color())
 163                         p = stpcpy(p, ANSI_RED);
 164                 *p++ = '*';
 165                 if (pos < width-1)
 166                         p = mempset(p, ' ', width-1-pos);
 167                 if (log_get_show_color())
 168                         strcpy(p, ANSI_NORMAL);
 169         }
 170 }
 171
 172 void manager_flip_auto_status(Manager *m, bool enable) {
 173         assert(m);
 174
 175         if (enable) {
 176                 if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_AUTO)
 177                         manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY);
 178         } else {
 179                 if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY)
 180                         manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_AUTO);
 181         }
 182 }
 183
 184 static void manager_print_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
 185         _cleanup_free_ char *job_of_n = NULL;
 186         Iterator i;
 187         Job *j;
 188         unsigned counter = 0, print_nr;
 189         char cylon[6 + CYLON_BUFFER_EXTRA + 1];
 190         unsigned cylon_pos;
 191         char time[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], limit[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX] = "no limit";
 192         uint64_t x;
 193
 194         assert(m);
 195         assert(m->n_running_jobs > 0);
 196
 197         manager_flip_auto_status(m, true);
 198
 199         print_nr = (m->jobs_in_progress_iteration / JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR) % m->n_running_jobs;
 200
 201         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i)
 202                 if (j->state == JOB_RUNNING && counter++ == print_nr)
 203                         break;
 204
 205         /* m->n_running_jobs must be consistent with the contents of m->jobs,
 206          * so the above loop must have succeeded in finding j. */
 207         assert(counter == print_nr + 1);
 208         assert(j);
 209
 210         cylon_pos = m->jobs_in_progress_iteration % 14;
 211         if (cylon_pos >= 8)
 212                 cylon_pos = 14 - cylon_pos;
 213         draw_cylon(cylon, sizeof(cylon), 6, cylon_pos);
 214
 215         m->jobs_in_progress_iteration++;
 216
 217         if (m->n_running_jobs > 1) {
 218                 if (asprintf(&job_of_n, "(%u of %u) ", counter, m->n_running_jobs) < 0)
 219                         job_of_n = NULL;
 220         }
 221
 222         format_timespan(time, sizeof(time), now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC);
 223         if (job_get_timeout(j, &x) > 0)
 224                 format_timespan(limit, sizeof(limit), x - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC);
 225
 226         manager_status_printf(m, STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, cylon,
 227                               "%sA %s job is running for %s (%s / %s)",
 228                               strempty(job_of_n),
 229                               job_type_to_string(j->type),
 230                               unit_description(j->unit),
 231                               time, limit);
 232 }
 233
 234 static int have_ask_password(void) {
 235         _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *dir;
 236
 237         dir = opendir("/run/systemd/ask-password");
 238         if (!dir) {
 239                 if (errno == ENOENT)
 240                         return false;
 241                 else
 242                         return -errno;
 243         }
 244
 245         for (;;) {
 246                 struct dirent *de;
 247
 248                 errno = 0;
 249                 de = readdir(dir);
 250                 if (!de && errno > 0)
 251                         return -errno;
 252                 if (!de)
 253                         return false;
 254
 255                 if (startswith(de->d_name, "ask."))
 256                         return true;
 257         }
 258 }
 259
 260 static int manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(sd_event_source *source,
 261                                             int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
 262         Manager *m = userdata;
 263
 264         assert(m);
 265
 266         flush_fd(fd);
 267
 268         m->have_ask_password = have_ask_password();
 269         if (m->have_ask_password < 0)
 270                 /* Log error but continue. Negative have_ask_password
 271                  * is treated as unknown status. */
 272                 log_error_errno(m->have_ask_password, "Failed to list /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
 273
 274         return 0;
 275 }
 276
 277 static void manager_close_ask_password(Manager *m) {
 278         assert(m);
 279
 280         m->ask_password_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->ask_password_event_source);
 281         m->ask_password_inotify_fd = safe_close(m->ask_password_inotify_fd);
 282         m->have_ask_password = -EINVAL;
 283 }
 284
 285 static int manager_check_ask_password(Manager *m) {
 286         int r;
 287
 288         assert(m);
 289
 290         if (!m->ask_password_event_source) {
 291                 assert(m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0);
 292
 293                 mkdir_p_label("/run/systemd/ask-password", 0755);
 294
 295                 m->ask_password_inotify_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);
 296                 if (m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0)
 297                         return log_error_errno(errno, "inotify_init1() failed: %m");
 298
 299                 if (inotify_add_watch(m->ask_password_inotify_fd, "/run/systemd/ask-password", IN_CREATE|IN_DELETE|IN_MOVE) < 0) {
 300                         log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to add watch on /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
 301                         manager_close_ask_password(m);
 302                         return -errno;
 303                 }
 304
 305                 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->ask_password_event_source,
 306                                     m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN,
 307                                     manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd, m);
 308                 if (r < 0) {
 309                         log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to add event source for /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
 310                         manager_close_ask_password(m);
 311                         return -errno;
 312                 }
 313
 314                 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->ask_password_event_source, "manager-ask-password");
 315
 316                 /* Queries might have been added meanwhile... */
 317                 manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(m->ask_password_event_source,
 318                                                  m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN, m);
 319         }
 320
 321         return m->have_ask_password;
 322 }
 323
 324 static int manager_watch_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
 325         int r;
 326
 327         assert(m);
 328
 329         if (m->idle_pipe_event_source)
 330                 return 0;
 331
 332         if (m->idle_pipe[2] < 0)
 333                 return 0;
 334
 335         r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->idle_pipe_event_source, m->idle_pipe[2], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd, m);
 336         if (r < 0)
 337                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to watch idle pipe: %m");
 338
 339         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->idle_pipe_event_source, "manager-idle-pipe");
 340
 341         return 0;
 342 }
 343
 344 static void manager_close_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
 345         assert(m);
 346
 347         m->idle_pipe_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->idle_pipe_event_source);
 348
 349         safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe);
 350         safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe + 2);
 351 }
 352
 353 static int manager_setup_time_change(Manager *m) {
 354         int r;
 355
 356         /* We only care for the cancellation event, hence we set the
 357          * timeout to the latest possible value. */
 358         struct itimerspec its = {
 359                 .it_value.tv_sec = TIME_T_MAX,
 360         };
 361
 362         assert(m);
 363         assert_cc(sizeof(time_t) == sizeof(TIME_T_MAX));
 364
 365         if (m->test_run)
 366                 return 0;
 367
 368         /* Uses TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET to get notifications whenever
 369          * CLOCK_REALTIME makes a jump relative to CLOCK_MONOTONIC */
 370
 371         m->time_change_fd = timerfd_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, TFD_NONBLOCK|TFD_CLOEXEC);
 372         if (m->time_change_fd < 0)
 373                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create timerfd: %m");
 374
 375         if (timerfd_settime(m->time_change_fd, TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME|TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET, &its, NULL) < 0) {
 376                 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to set up TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET, ignoring: %m");
 377                 m->time_change_fd = safe_close(m->time_change_fd);
 378                 return 0;
 379         }
 380
 381         r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->time_change_event_source, m->time_change_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_time_change_fd, m);
 382         if (r < 0)
 383                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create time change event source: %m");
 384
 385         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->time_change_event_source, "manager-time-change");
 386
 387         log_debug("Set up TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET timerfd.");
 388
 389         return 0;
 390 }
 391
 392 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
 393         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
 394
 395         assert(m);
 396
 397         if (m->test_run)
 398                 return 0;
 399
 400         /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del. In containers
 401          * this will fail with EPERM (older) or EINVAL (newer), so
 402          * ignore that. */
 403         if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0 && errno != EPERM && errno != EINVAL)
 404                 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
 405
 406         fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
 407         if (fd < 0) {
 408                 /* Support systems without virtual console */
 409                 if (fd != -ENOENT)
 410                         log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
 411         } else {
 412                 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
 413                 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
 414                         log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %m");
 415         }
 416
 417         return 0;
 418 }
 419
 420 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
 421         struct sigaction sa = {
 422                 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
 423                 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
 424         };
 425         sigset_t mask;
 426         int r;
 427
 428         assert(m);
 429
 430         assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 431
 432         /* We make liberal use of realtime signals here. On
 433          * Linux/glibc we have 30 of them (with the exception of Linux
 434          * on hppa, see below), between SIGRTMIN+0 ... SIGRTMIN+30
 435          * (aka SIGRTMAX). */
 436
 437         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
 438         sigset_add_many(&mask,
 439                         SIGCHLD,     /* Child died */
 440                         SIGTERM,     /* Reexecute daemon */
 441                         SIGHUP,      /* Reload configuration */
 442                         SIGUSR1,     /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
 443                         SIGUSR2,     /* systemd: dump status */
 444                         SIGINT,      /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
 445                         SIGWINCH,    /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
 446                         SIGPWR,      /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
 447
 448                         SIGRTMIN+0,  /* systemd: start default.target */
 449                         SIGRTMIN+1,  /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
 450                         SIGRTMIN+2,  /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
 451                         SIGRTMIN+3,  /* systemd: start halt.target */
 452                         SIGRTMIN+4,  /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
 453                         SIGRTMIN+5,  /* systemd: start reboot.target */
 454                         SIGRTMIN+6,  /* systemd: start kexec.target */
 455
 456                         /* ... space for more special targets ... */
 457
 458                         SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
 459                         SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
 460                         SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
 461                         SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
 462
 463                         /* ... space for more immediate system state changes ... */
 464
 465                         SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
 466                         SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
 467                         SIGRTMIN+22, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_DEBUG */
 468                         SIGRTMIN+23, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_INFO */
 469                         SIGRTMIN+24, /* systemd: Immediate exit (--user only) */
 470
 471                         /* .. one free signal here ... */
 472
 473 #if !defined(__hppa64__) && !defined(__hppa__)
 474                         /* Apparently Linux on hppa has fewer RT
 475                          * signals (SIGRTMAX is SIGRTMIN+25 there),
 476                          * hence let's not try to make use of them
 477                          * here. Since these commands are accessible
 478                          * by different means and only really a safety
 479                          * net, the missing functionality on hppa
 480                          * shouldn't matter. */
 481
 482                         SIGRTMIN+26, /* systemd: set log target to journal-or-kmsg */
 483                         SIGRTMIN+27, /* systemd: set log target to console */
 484                         SIGRTMIN+28, /* systemd: set log target to kmsg */
 485                         SIGRTMIN+29, /* systemd: set log target to syslog-or-kmsg (obsolete) */
 486
 487                         /* ... one free signal here SIGRTMIN+30 ... */
 488 #endif
 489                         -1);
 490         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
 491
 492         m->signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC);
 493         if (m->signal_fd < 0)
 494                 return -errno;
 495
 496         r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->signal_event_source, m->signal_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_signal_fd, m);
 497         if (r < 0)
 498                 return r;
 499
 500         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->signal_event_source, "manager-signal");
 501
 502         /* Process signals a bit earlier than the rest of things, but later than notify_fd processing, so that the
 503          * notify processing can still figure out to which process/service a message belongs, before we reap the
 504          * process. Also, process this before handling cgroup notifications, so that we always collect child exit
 505          * status information before detecting that there's no process in a cgroup. */
 506         r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->signal_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-6);
 507         if (r < 0)
 508                 return r;
 509
 510         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
 511                 return enable_special_signals(m);
 512
 513         return 0;
 514 }
 515
 516 static void manager_clean_environment(Manager *m) {
 517         assert(m);
 518
 519         /* Let's remove some environment variables that we
 520          * need ourselves to communicate with our clients */
 521         strv_env_unset_many(
 522                         m->environment,
 523                         "NOTIFY_SOCKET",
 524                         "MAINPID",
 525                         "MANAGERPID",
 526                         "LISTEN_PID",
 527                         "LISTEN_FDS",
 528                         "LISTEN_FDNAMES",
 529                         "WATCHDOG_PID",
 530                         "WATCHDOG_USEC",
 531                         "INVOCATION_ID",
 532                         NULL);
 533 }
 534
 535 static int manager_default_environment(Manager *m) {
 536         assert(m);
 537
 538         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
 539                 /* The system manager always starts with a clean
 540                  * environment for its children. It does not import
 541                  * the kernel or the parents exported variables.
 542                  *
 543                  * The initial passed environ is untouched to keep
 544                  * /proc/self/environ valid; it is used for tagging
 545                  * the init process inside containers. */
 546                 m->environment = strv_new("PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH,
 547                                           NULL);
 548
 549                 /* Import locale variables LC_*= from configuration */
 550                 locale_setup(&m->environment);
 551         } else {
 552                 /* The user manager passes its own environment
 553                  * along to its children. */
 554                 m->environment = strv_copy(environ);
 555         }
 556
 557         if (!m->environment)
 558                 return -ENOMEM;
 559
 560         manager_clean_environment(m);
 561         strv_sort(m->environment);
 562
 563         return 0;
 564 }
 565
 566 int manager_new(UnitFileScope scope, bool test_run, Manager **_m) {
 567         Manager *m;
 568         int r;
 569
 570         assert(_m);
 571         assert(IN_SET(scope, UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM, UNIT_FILE_USER));
 572
 573         m = new0(Manager, 1);
 574         if (!m)
 575                 return -ENOMEM;
 576
 577         m->unit_file_scope = scope;
 578         m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
 579         m->default_timer_accuracy_usec = USEC_PER_MINUTE;
 580         m->default_tasks_accounting = true;
 581         m->default_tasks_max = UINT64_MAX;
 582
 583 #ifdef ENABLE_EFI
 584         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0)
 585                 boot_timestamps(&m->userspace_timestamp, &m->firmware_timestamp, &m->loader_timestamp);
 586 #endif
 587
 588         /* Prepare log fields we can use for structured logging */
 589         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
 590                 m->unit_log_field = "UNIT=";
 591                 m->unit_log_format_string = "UNIT=%s";
 592
 593                 m->invocation_log_field = "INVOCATION_ID=";
 594                 m->invocation_log_format_string = "INVOCATION_ID=" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR;
 595         } else {
 596                 m->unit_log_field = "USER_UNIT=";
 597                 m->unit_log_format_string = "USER_UNIT=%s";
 598
 599                 m->invocation_log_field = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=";
 600                 m->invocation_log_format_string = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR;
 601         }
 602
 603         m->idle_pipe[0] = m->idle_pipe[1] = m->idle_pipe[2] = m->idle_pipe[3] = -1;
 604
 605         m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = m->notify_fd = m->cgroups_agent_fd = m->signal_fd = m->time_change_fd =
 606                 m->dev_autofs_fd = m->private_listen_fd = m->cgroup_inotify_fd =
 607                 m->ask_password_inotify_fd = -1;
 608
 609         m->user_lookup_fds[0] = m->user_lookup_fds[1] = -1;
 610
 611         m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
 612
 613         m->have_ask_password = -EINVAL; /* we don't know */
 614         m->first_boot = -1;
 615
 616         m->test_run = test_run;
 617
 618         /* Reboot immediately if the user hits C-A-D more often than 7x per 2s */
 619         RATELIMIT_INIT(m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit, 2 * USEC_PER_SEC, 7);
 620
 621         r = manager_default_environment(m);
 622         if (r < 0)
 623                 goto fail;
 624
 625         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->units, &string_hash_ops);
 626         if (r < 0)
 627                 goto fail;
 628
 629         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->jobs, NULL);
 630         if (r < 0)
 631                 goto fail;
 632
 633         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->cgroup_unit, &string_hash_ops);
 634         if (r < 0)
 635                 goto fail;
 636
 637         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->watch_bus, &string_hash_ops);
 638         if (r < 0)
 639                 goto fail;
 640
 641         r = sd_event_default(&m->event);
 642         if (r < 0)
 643                 goto fail;
 644
 645         r = sd_event_add_defer(m->event, &m->run_queue_event_source, manager_dispatch_run_queue, m);
 646         if (r < 0)
 647                 goto fail;
 648
 649         r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->run_queue_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_IDLE);
 650         if (r < 0)
 651                 goto fail;
 652
 653         r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->run_queue_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
 654         if (r < 0)
 655                 goto fail;
 656
 657         (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->run_queue_event_source, "manager-run-queue");
 658
 659         r = manager_setup_signals(m);
 660         if (r < 0)
 661                 goto fail;
 662
 663         r = manager_setup_cgroup(m);
 664         if (r < 0)
 665                 goto fail;
 666
 667         r = manager_setup_time_change(m);
 668         if (r < 0)
 669                 goto fail;
 670
 671         m->udev = udev_new();
 672         if (!m->udev) {
 673                 r = -ENOMEM;
 674                 goto fail;
 675         }
 676
 677         /* Note that we do not set up the notify fd here. We do that after deserialization,
 678          * since they might have gotten serialized across the reexec. */
 679
 680         m->taint_usr = dir_is_empty("/usr") > 0;
 681
 682         *_m = m;
 683         return 0;
 684
 685 fail:
 686         manager_free(m);
 687         return r;
 688 }
 689
 690 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
 691         int r;
 692
 693         if (m->test_run)
 694                 return 0;
 695
 696         if (m->notify_fd < 0) {
 697                 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
 698                 union sockaddr_union sa = {
 699                         .sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX,
 700                 };
 701                 static const int one = 1;
 702                 const char *e;
 703
 704                 /* First free all secondary fields */
 705                 m->notify_socket = mfree(m->notify_socket);
 706                 m->notify_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->notify_event_source);
 707
 708                 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
 709                 if (fd < 0)
 710                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
 711
 712                 fd_inc_rcvbuf(fd, NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
 713
 714                 e = manager_get_runtime_prefix(m);
 715                 if (!e) {
 716                         log_error("Failed to determine runtime prefix.");
 717                         return -EINVAL;
 718                 }
 719
 720                 m->notify_socket = strappend(e, "/systemd/notify");
 721                 if (!m->notify_socket)
 722                         return log_oom();
 723
 724                 (void) mkdir_parents_label(m->notify_socket, 0755);
 725                 (void) unlink(m->notify_socket);
 726
 727                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, m->notify_socket, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
 728                 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
 729                 if (r < 0)
 730                         return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(%s) failed: %m", sa.un.sun_path);
 731
 732                 r = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one));
 733                 if (r < 0)
 734                         return log_error_errno(errno, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
 735
 736                 m->notify_fd = fd;
 737                 fd = -1;
 738
 739                 log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
 740         }
 741
 742         if (!m->notify_event_source) {
 743                 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->notify_event_source, m->notify_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_notify_fd, m);
 744                 if (r < 0)
 745                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
 746
 747                 /* Process notification messages a bit earlier than SIGCHLD, so that we can still identify to which
 748                  * service an exit message belongs. */
 749                 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->notify_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-7);
 750                 if (r < 0)
 751                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of notify event source: %m");
 752
 753                 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->notify_event_source, "manager-notify");
 754         }
 755
 756         return 0;
 757 }
 758
 759 static int manager_setup_cgroups_agent(Manager *m) {
 760
 761         static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
 762                 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
 763                 .un.sun_path = "/run/systemd/cgroups-agent",
 764         };
 765         int r;
 766
 767         /* This creates a listening socket we receive cgroups agent messages on. We do not use D-Bus for delivering
 768          * these messages from the cgroups agent binary to PID 1, as the cgroups agent binary is very short-living, and
 769          * each instance of it needs a new D-Bus connection. Since D-Bus connections are SOCK_STREAM/AF_UNIX, on
 770          * overloaded systems the backlog of the D-Bus socket becomes relevant, as not more than the configured number
 771          * of D-Bus connections may be queued until the kernel will start dropping further incoming connections,
 772          * possibly resulting in lost cgroups agent messages. To avoid this, we'll use a private SOCK_DGRAM/AF_UNIX
 773          * socket, where no backlog is relevant as communication may take place without an actual connect() cycle, and
 774          * we thus won't lose messages.
 775          *
 776          * Note that PID 1 will forward the agent message to system bus, so that the user systemd instance may listen
 777          * to it. The system instance hence listens on this special socket, but the user instances listen on the system
 778          * bus for these messages. */
 779
 780         if (m->test_run)
 781                 return 0;
 782
 783         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
 784                 return 0;
 785
 786         if (cg_unified(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) /* We don't need this anymore on the unified hierarchy */
 787                 return 0;
 788
 789         if (m->cgroups_agent_fd < 0) {
 790                 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
 791
 792                 /* First free all secondary fields */
 793                 m->cgroups_agent_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
 794
 795                 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
 796                 if (fd < 0)
 797                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent socket: %m");
 798
 799                 fd_inc_rcvbuf(fd, CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE);
 800
 801                 (void) unlink(sa.un.sun_path);
 802
 803                 /* Only allow root to connect to this socket */
 804                 RUN_WITH_UMASK(0077)
 805                         r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
 806                 if (r < 0)
 807                         return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(%s) failed: %m", sa.un.sun_path);
 808
 809                 m->cgroups_agent_fd = fd;
 810                 fd = -1;
 811         }
 812
 813         if (!m->cgroups_agent_event_source) {
 814                 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->cgroups_agent_event_source, m->cgroups_agent_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd, m);
 815                 if (r < 0)
 816                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent event source: %m");
 817
 818                 /* Process cgroups notifications early, but after having processed service notification messages or
 819                  * SIGCHLD signals, so that a cgroup running empty is always just the last safety net of notification,
 820                  * and we collected the metadata the notification and SIGCHLD stuff offers first. Also see handling of
 821                  * cgroup inotify for the unified cgroup stuff. */
 822                 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-5);
 823                 if (r < 0)
 824                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of cgroups agent event source: %m");
 825
 826                 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, "manager-cgroups-agent");
 827         }
 828
 829         return 0;
 830 }
 831
 832 static int manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(Manager *m) {
 833         int r;
 834
 835         assert(m);
 836
 837         /* Set up the socket pair used for passing UID/GID resolution results from forked off processes to PID
 838          * 1. Background: we can't do name lookups (NSS) from PID 1, since it might involve IPC and thus activation,
 839          * and we might hence deadlock on ourselves. Hence we do all user/group lookups asynchronously from the forked
 840          * off processes right before executing the binaries to start. In order to be able to clean up any IPC objects
 841          * created by a unit (see RemoveIPC=) we need to know in PID 1 the used UID/GID of the executed processes,
 842          * hence we establish this communication channel so that forked off processes can pass their UID/GID
 843          * information back to PID 1. The forked off processes send their resolved UID/GID to PID 1 in a simple
 844          * datagram, along with their unit name, so that we can share one communication socket pair among all units for
 845          * this purpose.
 846          *
 847          * You might wonder why we need a communication channel for this that is independent of the usual notification
 848          * socket scheme (i.e. $NOTIFY_SOCKET). The primary difference is about trust: data sent via the $NOTIFY_SOCKET
 849          * channel is only accepted if it originates from the right unit and if reception was enabled for it. The user
 850          * lookup socket OTOH is only accessible by PID 1 and its children until they exec(), and always available.
 851          *
 852          * Note that this function is called under two circumstances: when we first initialize (in which case we
 853          * allocate both the socket pair and the event source to listen on it), and when we deserialize after a reload
 854          * (in which case the socket pair already exists but we still need to allocate the event source for it). */
 855
 856         if (m->user_lookup_fds[0] < 0) {
 857
 858                 /* Free all secondary fields */
 859                 safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
 860                 m->user_lookup_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
 861
 862                 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, m->user_lookup_fds) < 0)
 863                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup socket: %m");
 864
 865                 (void) fd_inc_rcvbuf(m->user_lookup_fds[0], NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
 866         }
 867
 868         if (!m->user_lookup_event_source) {
 869                 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->user_lookup_event_source, m->user_lookup_fds[0], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd, m);
 870                 if (r < 0)
 871                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup event source: %m");
 872
 873                 /* Process even earlier than the notify event source, so that we always know first about valid UID/GID
 874                  * resolutions */
 875                 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->user_lookup_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL-8);
 876                 if (r < 0)
 877                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set priority ot user lookup event source: %m");
 878
 879                 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->user_lookup_event_source, "user-lookup");
 880         }
 881
 882         return 0;
 883 }
 884
 885 static int manager_connect_bus(Manager *m, bool reexecuting) {
 886         bool try_bus_connect;
 887
 888         assert(m);
 889
 890         if (m->test_run)
 891                 return 0;
 892
 893         try_bus_connect =
 894                 reexecuting ||
 895                 (MANAGER_IS_USER(m) && getenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"));
 896
 897         /* Try to connect to the buses, if possible. */
 898         return bus_init(m, try_bus_connect);
 899 }
 900
 901 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
 902         Unit *u;
 903         unsigned n = 0;
 904
 905         assert(m);
 906
 907         while ((u = m->cleanup_queue)) {
 908                 assert(u->in_cleanup_queue);
 909
 910                 unit_free(u);
 911                 n++;
 912         }
 913
 914         return n;
 915 }
 916
 917 enum {
 918         GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH,  /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
 919         GC_OFFSET_UNSURE,   /* No clue */
 920         GC_OFFSET_GOOD,     /* We still need this unit */
 921         GC_OFFSET_BAD,      /* We don't need this unit anymore */
 922         _GC_OFFSET_MAX
 923 };
 924
 925 static void unit_gc_mark_good(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
 926         Iterator i;
 927         Unit *other;
 928
 929         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
 930
 931         /* Recursively mark referenced units as GOOD as well */
 932         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCES], i)
 933                 if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE)
 934                         unit_gc_mark_good(other, gc_marker);
 935 }
 936
 937 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
 938         Iterator i;
 939         Unit *other;
 940         bool is_bad;
 941
 942         assert(u);
 943
 944         if (u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
 945             u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 946             u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE ||
 947             u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
 948                 return;
 949
 950         if (u->in_cleanup_queue)
 951                 goto bad;
 952
 953         if (unit_check_gc(u))
 954                 goto good;
 955
 956         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
 957
 958         is_bad = true;
 959
 960         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
 961                 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
 962
 963                 if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
 964                         goto good;
 965
 966                 if (other->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
 967                         is_bad = false;
 968         }
 969
 970         if (is_bad)
 971                 goto bad;
 972
 973         /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
 974          * let's investigate it later */
 975         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
 976         unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
 977         return;
 978
 979 bad:
 980         /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
 981          * let's mark it for deletion */
 982         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 983         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
 984         return;
 985
 986 good:
 987         unit_gc_mark_good(u, gc_marker);
 988 }
 989
 990 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(Manager *m) {
 991         unsigned n = 0, gc_marker;
 992         Unit *u;
 993
 994         assert(m);
 995
 996         /* log_debug("Running GC..."); */
 997
 998         m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
 999         if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
1000                 m->gc_marker = 1;
1001
1002         gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
1003
1004         while ((u = m->gc_unit_queue)) {
1005                 assert(u->in_gc_queue);
1006
1007                 unit_gc_sweep(u, gc_marker);
1008
1009                 LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, m->gc_unit_queue, u);
1010                 u->in_gc_queue = false;
1011
1012                 n++;
1013
1014                 if (u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
1015                     u->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
1016                         if (u->id)
1017                                 log_unit_debug(u, "Collecting.");
1018                         u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
1019                         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
1020                 }
1021         }
1022
1023         return n;
1024 }
1025
1026 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(Manager *m) {
1027         unsigned n = 0;
1028         Job *j;
1029
1030         assert(m);
1031
1032         while ((j = m->gc_job_queue)) {
1033                 assert(j->in_gc_queue);
1034
1035                 LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, m->gc_job_queue, j);
1036                 j->in_gc_queue = false;
1037
1038                 n++;
1039
1040                 if (job_check_gc(j))
1041                         continue;
1042
1043                 log_unit_debug(j->unit, "Collecting job.");
1044                 (void) job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_COLLECTED, false, false);
1045         }
1046
1047         return n;
1048 }
1049
1050 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
1051         Unit *u;
1052
1053         assert(m);
1054
1055         while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
1056                 unit_free(u);
1057
1058         manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
1059
1060         assert(!m->load_queue);
1061         assert(!m->run_queue);
1062         assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
1063         assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
1064         assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
1065         assert(!m->gc_unit_queue);
1066         assert(!m->gc_job_queue);
1067
1068         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
1069         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
1070
1071         m->n_on_console = 0;
1072         m->n_running_jobs = 0;
1073 }
1074
1075 Manager* manager_free(Manager *m) {
1076         UnitType c;
1077         int i;
1078
1079         if (!m)
1080                 return NULL;
1081
1082         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
1083
1084         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
1085                 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
1086                         unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
1087
1088         /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
1089          * around */
1090         manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
1091
1092         lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
1093
1094         bus_done(m);
1095
1096         dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
1097         hashmap_free(m->dynamic_users);
1098
1099         hashmap_free(m->units);
1100         hashmap_free(m->units_by_invocation_id);
1101         hashmap_free(m->jobs);
1102         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids1);
1103         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids2);
1104         hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
1105
1106         set_free(m->startup_units);
1107         set_free(m->failed_units);
1108
1109         sd_event_source_unref(m->signal_event_source);
1110         sd_event_source_unref(m->notify_event_source);
1111         sd_event_source_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
1112         sd_event_source_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
1113         sd_event_source_unref(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source);
1114         sd_event_source_unref(m->run_queue_event_source);
1115         sd_event_source_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
1116
1117         safe_close(m->signal_fd);
1118         safe_close(m->notify_fd);
1119         safe_close(m->cgroups_agent_fd);
1120         safe_close(m->time_change_fd);
1121         safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
1122
1123         manager_close_ask_password(m);
1124
1125         manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
1126
1127         udev_unref(m->udev);
1128         sd_event_unref(m->event);
1129
1130         free(m->notify_socket);
1131
1132         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
1133         strv_free(m->environment);
1134
1135         hashmap_free(m->cgroup_unit);
1136         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
1137
1138         free(m->switch_root);
1139         free(m->switch_root_init);
1140
1141         for (i = 0; i < _RLIMIT_MAX; i++)
1142                 m->rlimit[i] = mfree(m->rlimit[i]);
1143
1144         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units_requiring_mounts_for));
1145         hashmap_free(m->units_requiring_mounts_for);
1146
1147         hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
1148         hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
1149
1150         return mfree(m);
1151 }
1152
1153 void manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
1154         UnitType c;
1155
1156         assert(m);
1157
1158         /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
1159          * that it might know */
1160         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++) {
1161                 if (!unit_type_supported(c)) {
1162                         log_debug("Unit type .%s is not supported on this system.", unit_type_to_string(c));
1163                         continue;
1164                 }
1165
1166                 if (!unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
1167                         continue;
1168
1169                 unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m);
1170         }
1171
1172         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1173 }
1174
1175 static void manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
1176         Iterator i;
1177         Unit *u;
1178         char *k;
1179         int r;
1180
1181         assert(m);
1182
1183         /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
1184         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1185
1186                 /* ignore aliases */
1187                 if (u->id != k)
1188                         continue;
1189
1190                 r = unit_coldplug(u);
1191                 if (r < 0)
1192                         log_warning_errno(r, "We couldn't coldplug %s, proceeding anyway: %m", u->id);
1193         }
1194 }
1195
1196 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
1197         char **i;
1198         int r;
1199
1200         assert(m);
1201
1202         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
1203
1204         m->unit_path_cache = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
1205         if (!m->unit_path_cache) {
1206                 r = -ENOMEM;
1207                 goto fail;
1208         }
1209
1210         /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
1211          * we don't always have to go to disk */
1212
1213         STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.search_path) {
1214                 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
1215                 struct dirent *de;
1216
1217                 d = opendir(*i);
1218                 if (!d) {
1219                         if (errno != ENOENT)
1220                                 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open directory %s, ignoring: %m", *i);
1221                         continue;
1222                 }
1223
1224                 FOREACH_DIRENT(de, d, r = -errno; goto fail) {
1225                         char *p;
1226
1227                         p = strjoin(streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, "/", de->d_name);
1228                         if (!p) {
1229                                 r = -ENOMEM;
1230                                 goto fail;
1231                         }
1232
1233                         r = set_consume(m->unit_path_cache, p);
1234                         if (r < 0)
1235                                 goto fail;
1236                 }
1237         }
1238
1239         return;
1240
1241 fail:
1242         log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to build unit path cache, proceeding without: %m");
1243         m->unit_path_cache = set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
1244 }
1245
1246 static void manager_distribute_fds(Manager *m, FDSet *fds) {
1247         Iterator i;
1248         Unit *u;
1249
1250         assert(m);
1251
1252         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i) {
1253
1254                 if (fdset_size(fds) <= 0)
1255                         break;
1256
1257                 if (!UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds)
1258                         continue;
1259
1260                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds(u, fds);
1261         }
1262 }
1263
1264 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
1265         int r, q;
1266
1267         assert(m);
1268
1269         r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->unit_file_scope, 0, NULL);
1270         if (r < 0)
1271                 return r;
1272
1273         /* Make sure the transient directory always exists, so that it remains in the search path */
1274         if (!m->test_run) {
1275                 r = mkdir_p_label(m->lookup_paths.transient, 0755);
1276                 if (r < 0)
1277                         return r;
1278         }
1279
1280         dual_timestamp_get(&m->generators_start_timestamp);
1281         r = manager_run_generators(m);
1282         dual_timestamp_get(&m->generators_finish_timestamp);
1283         if (r < 0)
1284                 return r;
1285
1286         lookup_paths_reduce(&m->lookup_paths);
1287         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
1288
1289         /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
1290          * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
1291          * already */
1292         if (serialization)
1293                 m->n_reloading++;
1294
1295         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
1296         dual_timestamp_get(&m->units_load_start_timestamp);
1297         manager_enumerate(m);
1298         dual_timestamp_get(&m->units_load_finish_timestamp);
1299
1300         /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
1301         if (serialization)
1302                 r = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds);
1303
1304         /* Any fds left? Find some unit which wants them. This is
1305          * useful to allow container managers to pass some file
1306          * descriptors to us pre-initialized. This enables
1307          * socket-based activation of entire containers. */
1308         manager_distribute_fds(m, fds);
1309
1310         /* We might have deserialized the notify fd, but if we didn't
1311          * then let's create the bus now */
1312         q = manager_setup_notify(m);
1313         if (q < 0 && r == 0)
1314                 r = q;
1315
1316         q = manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
1317         if (q < 0 && r == 0)
1318                 r = q;
1319
1320         q = manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
1321         if (q < 0 && r == 0)
1322                 r = q;
1323
1324         /* Let's connect to the bus now. */
1325         (void) manager_connect_bus(m, !!serialization);
1326
1327         (void) bus_track_coldplug(m, &m->subscribed, false, m->deserialized_subscribed);
1328         m->deserialized_subscribed = strv_free(m->deserialized_subscribed);
1329
1330         /* Third, fire things up! */
1331         manager_coldplug(m);
1332
1333         /* Release any dynamic users no longer referenced */
1334         dynamic_user_vacuum(m, true);
1335
1336         /* Release any references to UIDs/GIDs no longer referenced, and destroy any IPC owned by them */
1337         manager_vacuum_uid_refs(m);
1338         manager_vacuum_gid_refs(m);
1339
1340         if (serialization) {
1341                 assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
1342                 m->n_reloading--;
1343
1344                 /* Let's wait for the UnitNew/JobNew messages being
1345                  * sent, before we notify that the reload is
1346                  * finished */
1347                 m->send_reloading_done = true;
1348         }
1349
1350         return r;
1351 }
1352
1353 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, sd_bus_error *e, Job **_ret) {
1354         int r;
1355         Transaction *tr;
1356
1357         assert(m);
1358         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1359         assert(unit);
1360         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1361
1362         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START)
1363                 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1364
1365         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->allow_isolate)
1366                 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1367
1368         log_unit_debug(unit, "Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1369
1370         type = job_type_collapse(type, unit);
1371
1372         tr = transaction_new(mode == JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
1373         if (!tr)
1374                 return -ENOMEM;
1375
1376         r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(tr, type, unit, NULL, true, false,
1377                                                  mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES || mode == JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS,
1378                                                  mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e);
1379         if (r < 0)
1380                 goto tr_abort;
1381
1382         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
1383                 r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(tr, m);
1384                 if (r < 0)
1385                         goto tr_abort;
1386         }
1387
1388         r = transaction_activate(tr, m, mode, e);
1389         if (r < 0)
1390                 goto tr_abort;
1391
1392         log_unit_debug(unit,
1393                        "Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->id,
1394                        job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) tr->anchor_job->id);
1395
1396         if (_ret)
1397                 *_ret = tr->anchor_job;
1398
1399         transaction_free(tr);
1400         return 0;
1401
1402 tr_abort:
1403         transaction_abort(tr);
1404         transaction_free(tr);
1405         return r;
1406 }
1407
1408 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, sd_bus_error *e, Job **ret) {
1409         Unit *unit;
1410         int r;
1411
1412         assert(m);
1413         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1414         assert(name);
1415         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1416
1417         r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit);
1418         if (r < 0)
1419                 return r;
1420
1421         return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, e, ret);
1422 }
1423
1424 int manager_add_job_by_name_and_warn(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, Job **ret) {
1425         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1426         int r;
1427
1428         assert(m);
1429         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1430         assert(name);
1431         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1432
1433         r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, type, name, mode, &error, ret);
1434         if (r < 0)
1435                 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enqueue %s job for %s: %s", job_mode_to_string(mode), name, bus_error_message(&error, r));
1436
1437         return r;
1438 }
1439
1440 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1441         assert(m);
1442
1443         return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1444 }
1445
1446 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1447         assert(m);
1448         assert(name);
1449
1450         return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1451 }
1452
1453 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1454         Unit *u;
1455         unsigned n = 0;
1456
1457         assert(m);
1458
1459         /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1460         if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1461                 return 0;
1462
1463         m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1464
1465         /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1466          * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1467
1468         while ((u = m->load_queue)) {
1469                 assert(u->in_load_queue);
1470
1471                 unit_load(u);
1472                 n++;
1473         }
1474
1475         m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1476         return n;
1477 }
1478
1479 int manager_load_unit_prepare(
1480                 Manager *m,
1481                 const char *name,
1482                 const char *path,
1483                 sd_bus_error *e,
1484                 Unit **_ret) {
1485
1486         Unit *ret;
1487         UnitType t;
1488         int r;
1489
1490         assert(m);
1491         assert(name || path);
1492
1493         /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1494          * load anything from disk. */
1495
1496         if (path && !is_path(path))
1497                 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1498
1499         if (!name)
1500                 name = basename(path);
1501
1502         t = unit_name_to_type(name);
1503
1504         if (t == _UNIT_TYPE_INVALID || !unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE)) {
1505                 if (unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE))
1506                         return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is missing the instance name.", name);
1507
1508                 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1509         }
1510
1511         ret = manager_get_unit(m, name);
1512         if (ret) {
1513                 *_ret = ret;
1514                 return 1;
1515         }
1516
1517         ret = unit_new(m, unit_vtable[t]->object_size);
1518         if (!ret)
1519                 return -ENOMEM;
1520
1521         if (path) {
1522                 ret->fragment_path = strdup(path);
1523                 if (!ret->fragment_path) {
1524                         unit_free(ret);
1525                         return -ENOMEM;
1526                 }
1527         }
1528
1529         r = unit_add_name(ret, name);
1530         if (r < 0) {
1531                 unit_free(ret);
1532                 return r;
1533         }
1534
1535         unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1536         unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1537         unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1538
1539         if (_ret)
1540                 *_ret = ret;
1541
1542         return 0;
1543 }
1544
1545 int manager_load_unit(
1546                 Manager *m,
1547                 const char *name,
1548                 const char *path,
1549                 sd_bus_error *e,
1550                 Unit **_ret) {
1551
1552         int r;
1553
1554         assert(m);
1555
1556         /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1557          * start any services or anything. */
1558
1559         r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret);
1560         if (r != 0)
1561                 return r;
1562
1563         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1564
1565         if (_ret)
1566                 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1567
1568         return 0;
1569 }
1570
1571 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1572         Iterator i;
1573         Job *j;
1574
1575         assert(s);
1576         assert(f);
1577
1578         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1579                 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1580 }
1581
1582 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1583         Iterator i;
1584         Unit *u;
1585         const char *t;
1586
1587         assert(s);
1588         assert(f);
1589
1590         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1591                 if (u->id == t)
1592                         unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1593 }
1594
1595 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1596         Job *j;
1597
1598         assert(m);
1599
1600         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1601                 /* No need to recurse. We're cancelling all jobs. */
1602                 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED, false, false);
1603 }
1604
1605 static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata) {
1606         Manager *m = userdata;
1607         Job *j;
1608
1609         assert(source);
1610         assert(m);
1611
1612         while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1613                 assert(j->installed);
1614                 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1615
1616                 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1617         }
1618
1619         if (m->n_running_jobs > 0)
1620                 manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(m);
1621
1622         if (m->n_on_console > 0)
1623                 manager_watch_idle_pipe(m);
1624
1625         return 1;
1626 }
1627
1628 static unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1629         Job *j;
1630         Unit *u;
1631         unsigned n = 0;
1632
1633         assert(m);
1634
1635         if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1636                 return 0;
1637
1638         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1639
1640         while ((u = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1641                 assert(u->in_dbus_queue);
1642
1643                 bus_unit_send_change_signal(u);
1644                 n++;
1645         }
1646
1647         while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1648                 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1649
1650                 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1651                 n++;
1652         }
1653
1654         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1655
1656         if (m->send_reloading_done) {
1657                 m->send_reloading_done = false;
1658
1659                 bus_manager_send_reloading(m, false);
1660         }
1661
1662         if (m->queued_message)
1663                 bus_send_queued_message(m);
1664
1665         return n;
1666 }
1667
1668 static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
1669         Manager *m = userdata;
1670         char buf[PATH_MAX+1];
1671         ssize_t n;
1672
1673         n = recv(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
1674         if (n < 0)
1675                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroups agent message: %m");
1676         if (n == 0) {
1677                 log_error("Got zero-length cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
1678                 return 0;
1679         }
1680         if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
1681                 log_error("Got overly long cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
1682                 return 0;
1683         }
1684
1685         if (memchr(buf, 0, n)) {
1686                 log_error("Got cgroups agent message with embedded NUL byte, ignoring.");
1687                 return 0;
1688         }
1689         buf[n] = 0;
1690
1691         manager_notify_cgroup_empty(m, buf);
1692         bus_forward_agent_released(m, buf);
1693
1694         return 0;
1695 }
1696
1697 static void manager_invoke_notify_message(Manager *m, Unit *u, pid_t pid, const char *buf, FDSet *fds) {
1698         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
1699
1700         assert(m);
1701         assert(u);
1702         assert(buf);
1703
1704         tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
1705         if (!tags) {
1706                 log_oom();
1707                 return;
1708         }
1709
1710         if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1711                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, pid, tags, fds);
1712         else if (_unlikely_(log_get_max_level() >= LOG_DEBUG)) {
1713                 _cleanup_free_ char *x = NULL, *y = NULL;
1714
1715                 x = cescape(buf);
1716                 if (x)
1717                         y = ellipsize(x, 20, 90);
1718                 log_unit_debug(u, "Got notification message \"%s\", ignoring.", strnull(y));
1719         }
1720 }
1721
1722 static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
1723
1724         _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
1725         Manager *m = userdata;
1726         char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
1727         struct iovec iovec = {
1728                 .iov_base = buf,
1729                 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
1730         };
1731         union {
1732                 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1733                 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
1734                             CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)];
1735         } control = {};
1736         struct msghdr msghdr = {
1737                 .msg_iov = &iovec,
1738                 .msg_iovlen = 1,
1739                 .msg_control = &control,
1740                 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
1741         };
1742
1743         struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
1744         struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
1745         Unit *u1, *u2, *u3;
1746         int r, *fd_array = NULL;
1747         unsigned n_fds = 0;
1748         ssize_t n;
1749
1750         assert(m);
1751         assert(m->notify_fd == fd);
1752
1753         if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
1754                 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
1755                 return 0;
1756         }
1757
1758         n = recvmsg(m->notify_fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC|MSG_TRUNC);
1759         if (n < 0) {
1760                 if (IN_SET(errno, EAGAIN, EINTR))
1761                         return 0; /* Spurious wakeup, try again */
1762
1763                 /* If this is any other, real error, then let's stop processing this socket. This of course means we
1764                  * won't take notification messages anymore, but that's still better than busy looping around this:
1765                  * being woken up over and over again but being unable to actually read the message off the socket. */
1766                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to receive notification message: %m");
1767         }
1768
1769         CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg, &msghdr) {
1770                 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS) {
1771
1772                         fd_array = (int*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
1773                         n_fds = (cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0)) / sizeof(int);
1774
1775                 } else if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
1776                            cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
1777                            cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1778
1779                         ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
1780                 }
1781         }
1782
1783         if (n_fds > 0) {
1784                 assert(fd_array);
1785
1786                 r = fdset_new_array(&fds, fd_array, n_fds);
1787                 if (r < 0) {
1788                         close_many(fd_array, n_fds);
1789                         log_oom();
1790                         return 0;
1791                 }
1792         }
1793
1794         if (!ucred || ucred->pid <= 0) {
1795                 log_warning("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
1796                 return 0;
1797         }
1798
1799         if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf) || (msghdr.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC)) {
1800                 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
1801                 return 0;
1802         }
1803
1804         /* As extra safety check, let's make sure the string we get doesn't contain embedded NUL bytes. We permit one
1805          * trailing NUL byte in the message, but don't expect it. */
1806         if (n > 1 && memchr(buf, 0, n-1)) {
1807                 log_warning("Received notify message with embedded NUL bytes. Ignoring.");
1808                 return 0;
1809         }
1810
1811         /* Make sure it's NUL-terminated. */
1812         buf[n] = 0;
1813
1814         /* Notify every unit that might be interested, but try
1815          * to avoid notifying the same one multiple times. */
1816         u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pid_cgroup(m, ucred->pid);
1817         if (u1)
1818                 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u1, ucred->pid, buf, fds);
1819
1820         u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids1, PID_TO_PTR(ucred->pid));
1821         if (u2 && u2 != u1)
1822                 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u2, ucred->pid, buf, fds);
1823
1824         u3 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids2, PID_TO_PTR(ucred->pid));
1825         if (u3 && u3 != u2 && u3 != u1)
1826                 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u3, ucred->pid, buf, fds);
1827
1828         if (!u1 && !u2 && !u3)
1829                 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID "PID_FMT".", ucred->pid);
1830
1831         if (fdset_size(fds) > 0)
1832                 log_warning("Got extra auxiliary fds with notification message, closing them.");
1833
1834         return 0;
1835 }
1836
1837 static void invoke_sigchld_event(Manager *m, Unit *u, const siginfo_t *si) {
1838         uint64_t iteration;
1839
1840         assert(m);
1841         assert(u);
1842         assert(si);
1843
1844         sd_event_get_iteration(m->event, &iteration);
1845
1846         log_unit_debug(u, "Child "PID_FMT" belongs to %s", si->si_pid, u->id);
1847
1848         unit_unwatch_pid(u, si->si_pid);
1849
1850         if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event) {
1851                 if (set_size(u->pids) <= 1 ||
1852                     iteration != u->sigchldgen ||
1853                     unit_main_pid(u) == si->si_pid ||
1854                     unit_control_pid(u) == si->si_pid) {
1855                         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si->si_pid, si->si_code, si->si_status);
1856                         u->sigchldgen = iteration;
1857                 } else
1858                         log_debug("%s already issued a sigchld this iteration %" PRIu64 ", skipping. Pids still being watched %d", u->id, iteration, set_size(u->pids));
1859          }
1860 }
1861
1862 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1863         assert(m);
1864
1865         for (;;) {
1866                 siginfo_t si = {};
1867
1868                 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1869                  * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1870                  * it while it is a zombie. */
1871                 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1872
1873                         if (errno == ECHILD)
1874                                 break;
1875
1876                         if (errno == EINTR)
1877                                 continue;
1878
1879                         return -errno;
1880                 }
1881
1882                 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
1883                         break;
1884
1885                 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
1886                         _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
1887                         Unit *u1, *u2, *u3;
1888
1889                         get_process_comm(si.si_pid, &name);
1890
1891                         log_debug("Child "PID_FMT" (%s) died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
1892                                   si.si_pid, strna(name),
1893                                   sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
1894                                   si.si_status,
1895                                   strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
1896                                         ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
1897                                         : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
1898
1899                         /* And now figure out the unit this belongs
1900                          * to, it might be multiple... */
1901                         u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pid_cgroup(m, si.si_pid);
1902                         if (u1)
1903                                 invoke_sigchld_event(m, u1, &si);
1904                         u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids1, PID_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
1905                         if (u2 && u2 != u1)
1906                                 invoke_sigchld_event(m, u2, &si);
1907                         u3 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids2, PID_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
1908                         if (u3 && u3 != u2 && u3 != u1)
1909                                 invoke_sigchld_event(m, u3, &si);
1910                 }
1911
1912                 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
1913                 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
1914                         if (errno == EINTR)
1915                                 continue;
1916
1917                         return -errno;
1918                 }
1919         }
1920
1921         return 0;
1922 }
1923
1924 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
1925         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1926         int r;
1927
1928         log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
1929
1930         r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, &error, NULL);
1931         if (r < 0)
1932                 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error_message(&error, r));
1933
1934         return r;
1935 }
1936
1937 static void manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(Manager *m) {
1938         /* If the user presses C-A-D more than
1939          * 7 times within 2s, we reboot/shutdown immediately,
1940          * unless it was disabled in system.conf */
1941
1942         if (ratelimit_test(&m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit) || m->cad_burst_action == EMERGENCY_ACTION_NONE)
1943                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
1944         else
1945                 emergency_action(m, m->cad_burst_action, NULL,
1946                                 "Ctrl-Alt-Del was pressed more than 7 times within 2s");
1947 }
1948
1949 static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
1950         Manager *m = userdata;
1951         ssize_t n;
1952         struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
1953         bool sigchld = false;
1954         int r;
1955
1956         assert(m);
1957         assert(m->signal_fd == fd);
1958
1959         if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
1960                 log_warning("Got unexpected events from signal file descriptor.");
1961                 return 0;
1962         }
1963
1964         for (;;) {
1965                 n = read(m->signal_fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi));
1966                 if (n != sizeof(sfsi)) {
1967                         if (n >= 0) {
1968                                 log_warning("Truncated read from signal fd (%zu bytes)!", n);
1969                                 return 0;
1970                         }
1971
1972                         if (IN_SET(errno, EINTR, EAGAIN))
1973                                 break;
1974
1975                         /* We return an error here, which will kill this handler,
1976                          * to avoid a busy loop on read error. */
1977                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Reading from signal fd failed: %m");
1978                 }
1979
1980                 log_received_signal(sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGCHLD ||
1981                                     (sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGTERM && MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
1982                                     ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
1983                                     &sfsi);
1984
1985                 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
1986
1987                 case SIGCHLD:
1988                         sigchld = true;
1989                         break;
1990
1991                 case SIGTERM:
1992                         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
1993                                 /* This is for compatibility with the
1994                                  * original sysvinit */
1995                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
1996                                 break;
1997                         }
1998
1999                         /* Fall through */
2000
2001                 case SIGINT:
2002                         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
2003                                 manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(m);
2004                                 break;
2005                         }
2006
2007                         /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2008                         if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2009                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2010                                 return 0;
2011                         }
2012
2013                         break;
2014
2015                 case SIGWINCH:
2016                         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2017                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2018
2019                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2020                         break;
2021
2022                 case SIGPWR:
2023                         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2024                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2025
2026                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2027                         break;
2028
2029                 case SIGUSR1: {
2030                         Unit *u;
2031
2032                         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2033
2034                         if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2035                                 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2036                                 bus_init(m, true);
2037                         }
2038
2039                         if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2040                                 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2041                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2042                         }
2043
2044                         break;
2045                 }
2046
2047                 case SIGUSR2: {
2048                         _cleanup_free_ char *dump = NULL;
2049                         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
2050                         size_t size;
2051
2052                         f = open_memstream(&dump, &size);
2053                         if (!f) {
2054                                 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate memory stream: %m");
2055                                 break;
2056                         }
2057
2058                         manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2059                         manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2060
2061                         r = fflush_and_check(f);
2062                         if (r < 0) {
2063                                 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to write status stream: %m");
2064                                 break;
2065                         }
2066
2067                         log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2068                         break;
2069                 }
2070
2071                 case SIGHUP:
2072                         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2073                         break;
2074
2075                 default: {
2076
2077                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2078                         static const char * const target_table[] = {
2079                                 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2080                                 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2081                                 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2082                                 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2083                                 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2084                                 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2085                                 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2086                         };
2087
2088                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2089                         static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2090                                 [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
2091                                 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2092                                 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2093                                 [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC
2094                         };
2095
2096                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2097                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2098                                 int idx = (int) sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN;
2099                                 manager_start_target(m, target_table[idx],
2100                                                      (idx == 1 || idx == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2101                                 break;
2102                         }
2103
2104                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2105                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2106                                 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2107                                 break;
2108                         }
2109
2110                         switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2111
2112                         case 20:
2113                                 manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_YES);
2114                                 break;
2115
2116                         case 21:
2117                                 manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_NO);
2118                                 break;
2119
2120                         case 22:
2121                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
2122                                 log_info("Setting log level to debug.");
2123                                 break;
2124
2125                         case 23:
2126                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
2127                                 log_info("Setting log level to info.");
2128                                 break;
2129
2130                         case 24:
2131                                 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m)) {
2132                                         m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2133                                         return 0;
2134                                 }
2135
2136                                 /* This is a nop on init */
2137                                 break;
2138
2139                         case 26:
2140                         case 29: /* compatibility: used to be mapped to LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG */
2141                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
2142                                 log_notice("Setting log target to journal-or-kmsg.");
2143                                 break;
2144
2145                         case 27:
2146                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
2147                                 log_notice("Setting log target to console.");
2148                                 break;
2149
2150                         case 28:
2151                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
2152                                 log_notice("Setting log target to kmsg.");
2153                                 break;
2154
2155                         default:
2156                                 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
2157                         }
2158                 }
2159                 }
2160         }
2161
2162         if (sigchld)
2163                 manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2164
2165         return 0;
2166 }
2167
2168 static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
2169         Manager *m = userdata;
2170         Iterator i;
2171         Unit *u;
2172
2173         assert(m);
2174         assert(m->time_change_fd == fd);
2175
2176         log_struct(LOG_INFO,
2177                    LOG_MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_TIME_CHANGE),
2178                    LOG_MESSAGE("Time has been changed"),
2179                    NULL);
2180
2181         /* Restart the watch */
2182         m->time_change_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
2183         m->time_change_fd = safe_close(m->time_change_fd);
2184
2185         manager_setup_time_change(m);
2186
2187         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2188                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change)
2189                         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change(u);
2190
2191         return 0;
2192 }
2193
2194 static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
2195         Manager *m = userdata;
2196
2197         assert(m);
2198         assert(m->idle_pipe[2] == fd);
2199
2200         m->no_console_output = m->n_on_console > 0;
2201
2202         manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
2203
2204         return 0;
2205 }
2206
2207 static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata) {
2208         Manager *m = userdata;
2209         int r;
2210         uint64_t next;
2211
2212         assert(m);
2213         assert(source);
2214
2215         manager_print_jobs_in_progress(m);
2216
2217         next = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) + JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC;
2218         r = sd_event_source_set_time(source, next);
2219         if (r < 0)
2220                 return r;
2221
2222         return sd_event_source_set_enabled(source, SD_EVENT_ONESHOT);
2223 }
2224
2225 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2226         int r;
2227
2228         RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 50000);
2229
2230         assert(m);
2231         m->exit_code = MANAGER_OK;
2232
2233         /* Release the path cache */
2234         m->unit_path_cache = set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2235
2236         manager_check_finished(m);
2237
2238         /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2239          * before we were exec()'ed. Let's reap them. */
2240         r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2241         if (r < 0)
2242                 return r;
2243
2244         while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_OK) {
2245                 usec_t wait_usec;
2246
2247                 if (m->runtime_watchdog > 0 && m->runtime_watchdog != USEC_INFINITY && MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2248                         watchdog_ping();
2249
2250                 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2251                         /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2252                         log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2253                         sleep(1);
2254                 }
2255
2256                 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2257                         continue;
2258
2259                 if (manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(m) > 0)
2260                         continue;
2261
2262                 if (manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(m) > 0)
2263                         continue;
2264
2265                 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2266                         continue;
2267
2268                 if (manager_dispatch_cgroup_queue(m) > 0)
2269                         continue;
2270
2271                 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2272                         continue;
2273
2274                 /* Sleep for half the watchdog time */
2275                 if (m->runtime_watchdog > 0 && m->runtime_watchdog != USEC_INFINITY && MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
2276                         wait_usec = m->runtime_watchdog / 2;
2277                         if (wait_usec <= 0)
2278                                 wait_usec = 1;
2279                 } else
2280                         wait_usec = USEC_INFINITY;
2281
2282                 r = sd_event_run(m->event, wait_usec);
2283                 if (r < 0)
2284                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
2285         }
2286
2287         return m->exit_code;
2288 }
2289
2290 int manager_load_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, sd_bus_error *e, Unit **_u) {
2291         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
2292         sd_id128_t invocation_id;
2293         Unit *u;
2294         int r;
2295
2296         assert(m);
2297         assert(s);
2298         assert(_u);
2299
2300         r = unit_name_from_dbus_path(s, &n);
2301         if (r < 0)
2302                 return r;
2303
2304         /* Permit addressing units by invocation ID: if the passed bus path is suffixed by a 128bit ID then we use it
2305          * as invocation ID. */
2306         r = sd_id128_from_string(n, &invocation_id);
2307         if (r >= 0) {
2308                 u = hashmap_get(m->units_by_invocation_id, &invocation_id);
2309                 if (u) {
2310                         *_u = u;
2311                         return 0;
2312                 }
2313
2314                 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_UNIT_FOR_INVOCATION_ID, "No unit with the specified invocation ID " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " known.", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(invocation_id));
2315         }
2316
2317         /* If this didn't work, we use the suffix as unit name. */
2318         r = manager_load_unit(m, n, NULL, e, &u);
2319         if (r < 0)
2320                 return r;
2321
2322         *_u = u;
2323         return 0;
2324 }
2325
2326 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2327         const char *p;
2328         unsigned id;
2329         Job *j;
2330         int r;
2331
2332         assert(m);
2333         assert(s);
2334         assert(_j);
2335
2336         p = startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/");
2337         if (!p)
2338                 return -EINVAL;
2339
2340         r = safe_atou(p, &id);
2341         if (r < 0)
2342                 return r;
2343
2344         j = manager_get_job(m, id);
2345         if (!j)
2346                 return -ENOENT;
2347
2348         *_j = j;
2349
2350         return 0;
2351 }
2352
2353 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2354
2355 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
2356         _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2357         const char *msg;
2358         int audit_fd, r;
2359
2360         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2361                 return;
2362
2363         audit_fd = get_audit_fd();
2364         if (audit_fd < 0)
2365                 return;
2366
2367         /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2368          * started and we're just deserializing */
2369         if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
2370                 return;
2371
2372         if (u->type != UNIT_SERVICE)
2373                 return;
2374
2375         r = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->id, &p);
2376         if (r < 0) {
2377                 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract prefix and instance of unit name: %m");
2378                 return;
2379         }
2380
2381         msg = strjoina("unit=", p);
2382         if (audit_log_user_comm_message(audit_fd, type, msg, "systemd", NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2383                 if (errno == EPERM)
2384                         /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2385                          * Then let's not retry again. */
2386                         close_audit_fd();
2387                 else
2388                         log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to send audit message: %m");
2389         }
2390 #endif
2391
2392 }
2393
2394 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2395         static const union sockaddr_union sa = PLYMOUTH_SOCKET;
2396         _cleanup_free_ char *message = NULL;
2397         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2398         int n = 0;
2399
2400         /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2401          * started and we're just deserializing */
2402         if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
2403                 return;
2404
2405         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2406                 return;
2407
2408         if (detect_container() > 0)
2409                 return;
2410
2411         if (u->type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2412             u->type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2413             u->type != UNIT_SWAP)
2414                 return;
2415
2416         /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2417          * message then wait for plymouth */
2418         fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
2419         if (fd < 0) {
2420                 log_error_errno(errno, "socket() failed: %m");
2421                 return;
2422         }
2423
2424         if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un)) < 0) {
2425
2426                 if (!IN_SET(errno, EPIPE, EAGAIN, ENOENT, ECONNREFUSED, ECONNRESET, ECONNABORTED))
2427                         log_error_errno(errno, "connect() failed: %m");
2428                 return;
2429         }
2430
2431         if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->id) + 1), u->id, &n) < 0) {
2432                 log_oom();
2433                 return;
2434         }
2435
2436         errno = 0;
2437         if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1)
2438                 if (!IN_SET(errno, EPIPE, EAGAIN, ENOENT, ECONNREFUSED, ECONNRESET, ECONNABORTED))
2439                         log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2440 }
2441
2442 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2443         const char *path;
2444         int fd = -1;
2445         FILE *f;
2446
2447         assert(_f);
2448
2449         path = MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) ? "/run/systemd" : "/tmp";
2450         fd = open_tmpfile_unlinkable(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2451         if (fd < 0)
2452                 return -errno;
2453
2454         log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2455
2456         f = fdopen(fd, "w+");
2457         if (!f) {
2458                 safe_close(fd);
2459                 return -errno;
2460         }
2461
2462         *_f = f;
2463
2464         return 0;
2465 }
2466
2467 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds, bool switching_root) {
2468         Iterator i;
2469         Unit *u;
2470         const char *t;
2471         char **e;
2472         int r;
2473
2474         assert(m);
2475         assert(f);
2476         assert(fds);
2477
2478         m->n_reloading++;
2479
2480         fprintf(f, "current-job-id=%"PRIu32"\n", m->current_job_id);
2481         fprintf(f, "taint-usr=%s\n", yes_no(m->taint_usr));
2482         fprintf(f, "n-installed-jobs=%u\n", m->n_installed_jobs);
2483         fprintf(f, "n-failed-jobs=%u\n", m->n_failed_jobs);
2484
2485         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "firmware-timestamp", &m->firmware_timestamp);
2486         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "loader-timestamp", &m->loader_timestamp);
2487         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "kernel-timestamp", &m->kernel_timestamp);
2488         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2489
2490         if (!in_initrd()) {
2491                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "userspace-timestamp", &m->userspace_timestamp);
2492                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2493                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "security-start-timestamp", &m->security_start_timestamp);
2494                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "security-finish-timestamp", &m->security_finish_timestamp);
2495                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "generators-start-timestamp", &m->generators_start_timestamp);
2496                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "generators-finish-timestamp", &m->generators_finish_timestamp);
2497                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "units-load-start-timestamp", &m->units_load_start_timestamp);
2498                 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "units-load-finish-timestamp", &m->units_load_finish_timestamp);
2499         }
2500
2501         if (!switching_root) {
2502                 STRV_FOREACH(e, m->environment) {
2503                         _cleanup_free_ char *ce;
2504
2505                         ce = cescape(*e);
2506                         if (!ce)
2507                                 return -ENOMEM;
2508
2509                         fprintf(f, "env=%s\n", *e);
2510                 }
2511         }
2512
2513         if (m->notify_fd >= 0) {
2514                 int copy;
2515
2516                 copy = fdset_put_dup(fds, m->notify_fd);
2517                 if (copy < 0)
2518                         return copy;
2519
2520                 fprintf(f, "notify-fd=%i\n", copy);
2521                 fprintf(f, "notify-socket=%s\n", m->notify_socket);
2522         }
2523
2524         if (m->cgroups_agent_fd >= 0) {
2525                 int copy;
2526
2527                 copy = fdset_put_dup(fds, m->cgroups_agent_fd);
2528                 if (copy < 0)
2529                         return copy;
2530
2531                 fprintf(f, "cgroups-agent-fd=%i\n", copy);
2532         }
2533
2534         if (m->user_lookup_fds[0] >= 0) {
2535                 int copy0, copy1;
2536
2537                 copy0 = fdset_put_dup(fds, m->user_lookup_fds[0]);
2538                 if (copy0 < 0)
2539                         return copy0;
2540
2541                 copy1 = fdset_put_dup(fds, m->user_lookup_fds[1]);
2542                 if (copy1 < 0)
2543                         return copy1;
2544
2545                 fprintf(f, "user-lookup=%i %i\n", copy0, copy1);
2546         }
2547
2548         bus_track_serialize(m->subscribed, f, "subscribed");
2549
2550         r = dynamic_user_serialize(m, f, fds);
2551         if (r < 0)
2552                 return r;
2553
2554         manager_serialize_uid_refs(m, f);
2555         manager_serialize_gid_refs(m, f);
2556
2557         fputc('\n', f);
2558
2559         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2560                 if (u->id != t)
2561                         continue;
2562
2563                 /* Start marker */
2564                 fputs(u->id, f);
2565                 fputc('\n', f);
2566
2567                 r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds, !switching_root);
2568                 if (r < 0) {
2569                         m->n_reloading--;
2570                         return r;
2571                 }
2572         }
2573
2574         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2575         m->n_reloading--;
2576
2577         if (ferror(f))
2578                 return -EIO;
2579
2580         r = bus_fdset_add_all(m, fds);
2581         if (r < 0)
2582                 return r;
2583
2584         return 0;
2585 }
2586
2587 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2588         int r = 0;
2589
2590         assert(m);
2591         assert(f);
2592
2593         log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2594
2595         m->n_reloading++;
2596
2597         for (;;) {
2598                 char line[LINE_MAX], *l;
2599                 const char *val;
2600
2601                 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2602                         if (feof(f))
2603                                 r = 0;
2604                         else
2605                                 r = -errno;
2606
2607                         goto finish;
2608                 }
2609
2610                 char_array_0(line);
2611                 l = strstrip(line);
2612
2613                 if (l[0] == 0)
2614                         break;
2615
2616                 if ((val = startswith(l, "current-job-id="))) {
2617                         uint32_t id;
2618
2619                         if (safe_atou32(val, &id) < 0)
2620                                 log_debug("Failed to parse current job id value %s", val);
2621                         else
2622                                 m->current_job_id = MAX(m->current_job_id, id);
2623
2624                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "n-installed-jobs="))) {
2625                         uint32_t n;
2626
2627                         if (safe_atou32(val, &n) < 0)
2628                                 log_debug("Failed to parse installed jobs counter %s", val);
2629                         else
2630                                 m->n_installed_jobs += n;
2631
2632                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "n-failed-jobs="))) {
2633                         uint32_t n;
2634
2635                         if (safe_atou32(val, &n) < 0)
2636                                 log_debug("Failed to parse failed jobs counter %s", val);
2637                         else
2638                                 m->n_failed_jobs += n;
2639
2640                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "taint-usr="))) {
2641                         int b;
2642
2643                         b = parse_boolean(val);
2644                         if (b < 0)
2645                                 log_debug("Failed to parse taint /usr flag %s", val);
2646                         else
2647                                 m->taint_usr = m->taint_usr || b;
2648
2649                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "firmware-timestamp=")))
2650                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->firmware_timestamp);
2651                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "loader-timestamp=")))
2652                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->loader_timestamp);
2653                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "kernel-timestamp=")))
2654                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->kernel_timestamp);
2655                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp=")))
2656                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2657                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "userspace-timestamp=")))
2658                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->userspace_timestamp);
2659                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "finish-timestamp=")))
2660                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->finish_timestamp);
2661                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "security-start-timestamp=")))
2662                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->security_start_timestamp);
2663                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "security-finish-timestamp=")))
2664                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->security_finish_timestamp);
2665                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "generators-start-timestamp=")))
2666                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->generators_start_timestamp);
2667                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "generators-finish-timestamp=")))
2668                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->generators_finish_timestamp);
2669                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "units-load-start-timestamp=")))
2670                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->units_load_start_timestamp);
2671                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "units-load-finish-timestamp=")))
2672                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(val, &m->units_load_finish_timestamp);
2673                 else if (startswith(l, "env=")) {
2674                         _cleanup_free_ char *uce = NULL;
2675                         char **e;
2676
2677                         r = cunescape(l + 4, UNESCAPE_RELAX, &uce);
2678                         if (r < 0)
2679                                 goto finish;
2680
2681                         e = strv_env_set(m->environment, uce);
2682                         if (!e) {
2683                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2684                                 goto finish;
2685                         }
2686
2687                         strv_free(m->environment);
2688                         m->environment = e;
2689
2690                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "notify-fd="))) {
2691                         int fd;
2692
2693                         if (safe_atoi(val, &fd) < 0 || fd < 0 || !fdset_contains(fds, fd))
2694                                 log_debug("Failed to parse notify fd: %s", val);
2695                         else {
2696                                 m->notify_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->notify_event_source);
2697                                 safe_close(m->notify_fd);
2698                                 m->notify_fd = fdset_remove(fds, fd);
2699                         }
2700
2701                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "notify-socket="))) {
2702                         char *n;
2703
2704                         n = strdup(val);
2705                         if (!n) {
2706                                 r = -ENOMEM;
2707                                 goto finish;
2708                         }
2709
2710                         free(m->notify_socket);
2711                         m->notify_socket = n;
2712
2713                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "cgroups-agent-fd="))) {
2714                         int fd;
2715
2716                         if (safe_atoi(val, &fd) < 0 || fd < 0 || !fdset_contains(fds, fd))
2717                                 log_debug("Failed to parse cgroups agent fd: %s", val);
2718                         else {
2719                                 m->cgroups_agent_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
2720                                 safe_close(m->cgroups_agent_fd);
2721                                 m->cgroups_agent_fd = fdset_remove(fds, fd);
2722                         }
2723
2724                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "user-lookup="))) {
2725                         int fd0, fd1;
2726
2727                         if (sscanf(val, "%i %i", &fd0, &fd1) != 2 || fd0 < 0 || fd1 < 0 || fd0 == fd1 || !fdset_contains(fds, fd0) || !fdset_contains(fds, fd1))
2728                                 log_debug("Failed to parse user lookup fd: %s", val);
2729                         else {
2730                                 m->user_lookup_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
2731                                 safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
2732                                 m->user_lookup_fds[0] = fdset_remove(fds, fd0);
2733                                 m->user_lookup_fds[1] = fdset_remove(fds, fd1);
2734                         }
2735
2736                 } else if ((val = startswith(l, "dynamic-user=")))
2737                         dynamic_user_deserialize_one(m, val, fds);
2738                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "destroy-ipc-uid=")))
2739                         manager_deserialize_uid_refs_one(m, val);
2740                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "destroy-ipc-gid=")))
2741                         manager_deserialize_gid_refs_one(m, val);
2742                 else if ((val = startswith(l, "subscribed="))) {
2743
2744                         if (strv_extend(&m->deserialized_subscribed, val) < 0)
2745                                 log_oom();
2746
2747                 } else if (!startswith(l, "kdbus-fd=")) /* ignore this one */
2748                         log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2749         }
2750
2751         for (;;) {
2752                 Unit *u;
2753                 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2754
2755                 /* Start marker */
2756                 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2757                         if (feof(f))
2758                                 r = 0;
2759                         else
2760                                 r = -errno;
2761
2762                         goto finish;
2763                 }
2764
2765                 char_array_0(name);
2766
2767                 r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u);
2768                 if (r < 0)
2769                         goto finish;
2770
2771                 r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds);
2772                 if (r < 0)
2773                         goto finish;
2774         }
2775
2776 finish:
2777         if (ferror(f))
2778                 r = -EIO;
2779
2780         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2781         m->n_reloading--;
2782
2783         return r;
2784 }
2785
2786 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2787         int r, q;
2788         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
2789         _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
2790
2791         assert(m);
2792
2793         r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
2794         if (r < 0)
2795                 return r;
2796
2797         m->n_reloading++;
2798         bus_manager_send_reloading(m, true);
2799
2800         fds = fdset_new();
2801         if (!fds) {
2802                 m->n_reloading--;
2803                 return -ENOMEM;
2804         }
2805
2806         r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, false);
2807         if (r < 0) {
2808                 m->n_reloading--;
2809                 return r;
2810         }
2811
2812         if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2813                 m->n_reloading--;
2814                 return -errno;
2815         }
2816
2817         /* From here on there is no way back. */
2818         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2819         lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
2820         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2821         dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
2822         m->uid_refs = hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
2823         m->gid_refs = hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
2824
2825         q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->unit_file_scope, 0, NULL);
2826         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2827                 r = q;
2828
2829         /* Find new unit paths */
2830         q = manager_run_generators(m);
2831         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2832                 r = q;
2833
2834         lookup_paths_reduce(&m->lookup_paths);
2835         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2836
2837         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2838         manager_enumerate(m);
2839
2840         /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2841         q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds);
2842         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2843                 r = q;
2844
2845         fclose(f);
2846         f = NULL;
2847
2848         /* Re-register notify_fd as event source */
2849         q = manager_setup_notify(m);
2850         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2851                 r = q;
2852
2853         q = manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
2854         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2855                 r = q;
2856
2857         q = manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
2858         if (q < 0 && r >= 0)
2859                 r = q;
2860
2861         /* Third, fire things up! */
2862         manager_coldplug(m);
2863
2864         /* Release any dynamic users no longer referenced */
2865         dynamic_user_vacuum(m, true);
2866
2867         /* Release any references to UIDs/GIDs no longer referenced, and destroy any IPC owned by them */
2868         manager_vacuum_uid_refs(m);
2869         manager_vacuum_gid_refs(m);
2870
2871         /* Sync current state of bus names with our set of listening units */
2872         if (m->api_bus)
2873                 manager_sync_bus_names(m, m->api_bus);
2874
2875         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2876         m->n_reloading--;
2877
2878         m->send_reloading_done = true;
2879
2880         return r;
2881 }
2882
2883 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2884         Unit *u;
2885         Iterator i;
2886
2887         assert(m);
2888
2889         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2890                 unit_reset_failed(u);
2891 }
2892
2893 bool manager_unit_inactive_or_pending(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2894         Unit *u;
2895
2896         assert(m);
2897         assert(name);
2898
2899         /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2900         u = manager_get_unit(m, name);
2901         if (!u)
2902                 return true;
2903
2904         return unit_inactive_or_pending(u);
2905 }
2906
2907 static void manager_notify_finished(Manager *m) {
2908         char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2909         usec_t firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec;
2910
2911         if (m->test_run)
2912                 return;
2913
2914         if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0) {
2915
2916                 /* Note that m->kernel_usec.monotonic is always at 0,
2917                  * and m->firmware_usec.monotonic and
2918                  * m->loader_usec.monotonic should be considered
2919                  * negative values. */
2920
2921                 firmware_usec = m->firmware_timestamp.monotonic - m->loader_timestamp.monotonic;
2922                 loader_usec = m->loader_timestamp.monotonic - m->kernel_timestamp.monotonic;
2923                 userspace_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->userspace_timestamp.monotonic;
2924                 total_usec = m->firmware_timestamp.monotonic + m->finish_timestamp.monotonic;
2925
2926                 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2927
2928                         kernel_usec = m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic - m->kernel_timestamp.monotonic;
2929                         initrd_usec = m->userspace_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
2930
2931                         log_struct(LOG_INFO,
2932                                    LOG_MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED),
2933                                    "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
2934                                    "INITRD_USEC="USEC_FMT, initrd_usec,
2935                                    "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
2936                                    LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2937                                                format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
2938                                                format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd), initrd_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
2939                                                format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
2940                                                format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)),
2941                                    NULL);
2942                 } else {
2943                         kernel_usec = m->userspace_timestamp.monotonic - m->kernel_timestamp.monotonic;
2944                         initrd_usec = 0;
2945
2946                         log_struct(LOG_INFO,
2947                                    LOG_MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED),
2948                                    "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
2949                                    "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
2950                                    LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2951                                                format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
2952                                                format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
2953                                                format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)),
2954                                    NULL);
2955                 }
2956         } else {
2957                 firmware_usec = loader_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
2958                 total_usec = userspace_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->userspace_timestamp.monotonic;
2959
2960                 log_struct(LOG_INFO,
2961                            LOG_MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED),
2962                            "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
2963                            LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s.",
2964                                        format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)),
2965                            NULL);
2966         }
2967
2968         bus_manager_send_finished(m, firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
2969
2970         sd_notifyf(false,
2971                    "READY=1\n"
2972                    "STATUS=Startup finished in %s.",
2973                    format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC));
2974 }
2975
2976 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2977         assert(m);
2978
2979         if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
2980                 return;
2981
2982         /* Verify that we are actually running currently. Initially
2983          * the exit code is set to invalid, and during operation it is
2984          * then set to MANAGER_OK */
2985         if (m->exit_code != MANAGER_OK)
2986                 return;
2987
2988         if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0) {
2989                 if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
2990                         /* Ignore any failure, this is only for feedback */
2991                         (void) sd_event_source_set_time(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source, now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) + JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC);
2992
2993                 return;
2994         }
2995
2996         manager_flip_auto_status(m, false);
2997
2998         /* Notify Type=idle units that we are done now */
2999         manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
3000
3001         /* Turn off confirm spawn now */
3002         m->confirm_spawn = NULL;
3003
3004         /* No need to update ask password status when we're going non-interactive */
3005         manager_close_ask_password(m);
3006
3007         /* This is no longer the first boot */
3008         manager_set_first_boot(m, false);
3009
3010         if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
3011                 return;
3012
3013         dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
3014
3015         manager_notify_finished(m);
3016
3017         manager_invalidate_startup_units(m);
3018 }
3019
3020 static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
3021         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL;
3022         const char *argv[5];
3023         char **path;
3024         int r;
3025
3026         assert(m);
3027
3028         if (m->test_run)
3029                 return 0;
3030
3031         paths = generator_binary_paths(m->unit_file_scope);
3032         if (!paths)
3033                 return log_oom();
3034
3035         /* Optimize by skipping the whole process by not creating output directories
3036          * if no generators are found. */
3037         STRV_FOREACH(path, paths) {
3038                 if (access(*path, F_OK) >= 0)
3039                         goto found;
3040                 if (errno != ENOENT)
3041                         log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open generator directory %s: %m", *path);
3042         }
3043
3044         return 0;
3045
3046  found:
3047         r = lookup_paths_mkdir_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
3048         if (r < 0)
3049                 goto finish;
3050
3051         argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
3052         argv[1] = m->lookup_paths.generator;
3053         argv[2] = m->lookup_paths.generator_early;
3054         argv[3] = m->lookup_paths.generator_late;
3055         argv[4] = NULL;
3056
3057         RUN_WITH_UMASK(0022)
3058                 execute_directories((const char* const*) paths, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC, (char**) argv);
3059
3060 finish:
3061         lookup_paths_trim_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
3062         return r;
3063 }
3064
3065 int manager_environment_add(Manager *m, char **minus, char **plus) {
3066         char **a = NULL, **b = NULL, **l;
3067         assert(m);
3068
3069         l = m->environment;
3070
3071         if (!strv_isempty(minus)) {
3072                 a = strv_env_delete(l, 1, minus);
3073                 if (!a)
3074                         return -ENOMEM;
3075
3076                 l = a;
3077         }
3078
3079         if (!strv_isempty(plus)) {
3080                 b = strv_env_merge(2, l, plus);
3081                 if (!b) {
3082                         strv_free(a);
3083                         return -ENOMEM;
3084                 }
3085
3086                 l = b;
3087         }
3088
3089         if (m->environment != l)
3090                 strv_free(m->environment);
3091         if (a != l)
3092                 strv_free(a);
3093         if (b != l)
3094                 strv_free(b);
3095
3096         m->environment = l;
3097         manager_clean_environment(m);
3098         strv_sort(m->environment);
3099
3100         return 0;
3101 }
3102
3103 int manager_set_default_rlimits(Manager *m, struct rlimit **default_rlimit) {
3104         int i;
3105
3106         assert(m);
3107
3108         for (i = 0; i < _RLIMIT_MAX; i++) {
3109                 m->rlimit[i] = mfree(m->rlimit[i]);
3110
3111                 if (!default_rlimit[i])
3112                         continue;
3113
3114                 m->rlimit[i] = newdup(struct rlimit, default_rlimit[i], 1);
3115                 if (!m->rlimit[i])
3116                         return log_oom();
3117         }
3118
3119         return 0;
3120 }
3121
3122 void manager_recheck_journal(Manager *m) {
3123         Unit *u;
3124
3125         assert(m);
3126
3127         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3128                 return;
3129
3130         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SOCKET);
3131         if (u && SOCKET(u)->state != SOCKET_RUNNING) {
3132                 log_close_journal();
3133                 return;
3134         }
3135
3136         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SERVICE);
3137         if (u && SERVICE(u)->state != SERVICE_RUNNING) {
3138                 log_close_journal();
3139                 return;
3140         }
3141
3142         /* Hmm, OK, so the socket is fully up and the service is up
3143          * too, then let's make use of the thing. */
3144         log_open();
3145 }
3146
3147 void manager_set_show_status(Manager *m, ShowStatus mode) {
3148         assert(m);
3149         assert(IN_SET(mode, SHOW_STATUS_AUTO, SHOW_STATUS_NO, SHOW_STATUS_YES, SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY));
3150
3151         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3152                 return;
3153
3154         if (m->show_status != mode)
3155                 log_debug("%s showing of status.",
3156                           mode == SHOW_STATUS_NO ? "Disabling" : "Enabling");
3157         m->show_status = mode;
3158
3159         if (mode > 0)
3160                 (void) touch("/run/systemd/show-status");
3161         else
3162                 (void) unlink("/run/systemd/show-status");
3163 }
3164
3165 static bool manager_get_show_status(Manager *m, StatusType type) {
3166         assert(m);
3167
3168         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3169                 return false;
3170
3171         if (m->no_console_output)
3172                 return false;
3173
3174         if (!IN_SET(manager_state(m), MANAGER_INITIALIZING, MANAGER_STARTING, MANAGER_STOPPING))
3175                 return false;
3176
3177         /* If we cannot find out the status properly, just proceed. */
3178         if (type != STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY && manager_check_ask_password(m) > 0)
3179                 return false;
3180
3181         if (m->show_status > 0)
3182                 return true;
3183
3184         return false;
3185 }
3186
3187 const char *manager_get_confirm_spawn(Manager *m) {
3188         static int last_errno = 0;
3189         const char *vc = m->confirm_spawn;
3190         struct stat st;
3191         int r;
3192
3193         /* Here's the deal: we want to test the validity of the console but don't want
3194          * PID1 to go through the whole console process which might block. But we also
3195          * want to warn the user only once if something is wrong with the console so we
3196          * cannot do the sanity checks after spawning our children. So here we simply do
3197          * really basic tests to hopefully trap common errors.
3198          *
3199          * If the console suddenly disappear at the time our children will really it
3200          * then they will simply fail to acquire it and a positive answer will be
3201          * assumed. New children will fallback to /dev/console though.
3202          *
3203          * Note: TTYs are devices that can come and go any time, and frequently aren't
3204          * available yet during early boot (consider a USB rs232 dongle...). If for any
3205          * reason the configured console is not ready, we fallback to the default
3206          * console. */
3207
3208         if (!vc || path_equal(vc, "/dev/console"))
3209                 return vc;
3210
3211         r = stat(vc, &st);
3212         if (r < 0)
3213                 goto fail;
3214
3215         if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
3216                 errno = ENOTTY;
3217                 goto fail;
3218         }
3219
3220         last_errno = 0;
3221         return vc;
3222 fail:
3223         if (last_errno != errno) {
3224                 last_errno = errno;
3225                 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m, using default console", vc);
3226         }
3227         return "/dev/console";
3228 }
3229
3230 void manager_set_first_boot(Manager *m, bool b) {
3231         assert(m);
3232
3233         if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3234                 return;
3235
3236         if (m->first_boot != (int) b) {
3237                 if (b)
3238                         (void) touch("/run/systemd/first-boot");
3239                 else
3240                         (void) unlink("/run/systemd/first-boot");
3241         }
3242
3243         m->first_boot = b;
3244 }
3245
3246 void manager_disable_confirm_spawn(void) {
3247         (void) touch("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled");
3248 }
3249
3250 bool manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(Manager *m) {
3251         if (!m->confirm_spawn)
3252                 return true;
3253
3254         return access("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled", F_OK) >= 0;
3255 }
3256
3257 void manager_status_printf(Manager *m, StatusType type, const char *status, const char *format, ...) {
3258         va_list ap;
3259
3260         /* If m is NULL, assume we're after shutdown and let the messages through. */
3261
3262         if (m && !manager_get_show_status(m, type))
3263                 return;
3264
3265         /* XXX We should totally drop the check for ephemeral here
3266          * and thus effectively make 'Type=idle' pointless. */
3267         if (type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL && m && m->n_on_console > 0)
3268                 return;
3269
3270         va_start(ap, format);
3271         status_vprintf(status, true, type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, format, ap);
3272         va_end(ap);
3273 }
3274
3275 Set *manager_get_units_requiring_mounts_for(Manager *m, const char *path) {
3276         char p[strlen(path)+1];
3277
3278         assert(m);
3279         assert(path);
3280
3281         strcpy(p, path);
3282         path_kill_slashes(p);
3283
3284         return hashmap_get(m->units_requiring_mounts_for, streq(p, "/") ? "" : p);
3285 }
3286
3287 const char *manager_get_runtime_prefix(Manager *m) {
3288         assert(m);
3289
3290         return MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) ?
3291                "/run" :
3292                getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
3293 }
3294
3295 int manager_update_failed_units(Manager *m, Unit *u, bool failed) {
3296         unsigned size;
3297         int r;
3298
3299         assert(m);
3300         assert(u->manager == m);
3301
3302         size = set_size(m->failed_units);
3303
3304         if (failed) {
3305                 r = set_ensure_allocated(&m->failed_units, NULL);
3306                 if (r < 0)
3307                         return log_oom();
3308
3309                 if (set_put(m->failed_units, u) < 0)
3310                         return log_oom();
3311         } else
3312                 (void) set_remove(m->failed_units, u);
3313
3314         if (set_size(m->failed_units) != size)
3315                 bus_manager_send_change_signal(m);
3316
3317         return 0;
3318 }
3319
3320 ManagerState manager_state(Manager *m) {
3321         Unit *u;
3322
3323         assert(m);
3324
3325         /* Did we ever finish booting? If not then we are still starting up */
3326         if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp)) {
3327
3328                 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET);
3329                 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u)))
3330                         return MANAGER_INITIALIZING;
3331
3332                 return MANAGER_STARTING;
3333         }
3334
3335         /* Is the special shutdown target queued? If so, we are in shutdown state */
3336         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET);
3337         if (u && u->job && IN_SET(u->job->type, JOB_START, JOB_RESTART, JOB_RELOAD_OR_START))
3338                 return MANAGER_STOPPING;
3339
3340         /* Are the rescue or emergency targets active or queued? If so we are in maintenance state */
3341         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET);
3342         if (u && (UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u)) ||
3343                   (u->job && IN_SET(u->job->type, JOB_START, JOB_RESTART, JOB_RELOAD_OR_START))))
3344                 return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
3345
3346         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET);
3347         if (u && (UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u)) ||
3348                   (u->job && IN_SET(u->job->type, JOB_START, JOB_RESTART, JOB_RELOAD_OR_START))))
3349                 return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
3350
3351         /* Are there any failed units? If so, we are in degraded mode */
3352         if (set_size(m->failed_units) > 0)
3353                 return MANAGER_DEGRADED;
3354
3355         return MANAGER_RUNNING;
3356 }
3357
3358 #define DESTROY_IPC_FLAG (UINT32_C(1) << 31)
3359
3360 static void manager_unref_uid_internal(
3361                 Manager *m,
3362                 Hashmap **uid_refs,
3363                 uid_t uid,
3364                 bool destroy_now,
3365                 int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
3366
3367         uint32_t c, n;
3368
3369         assert(m);
3370         assert(uid_refs);
3371         assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
3372         assert(_clean_ipc);
3373
3374         /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_unref_uid() and manager_unref_gid(), under the assumption
3375          * that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity rules.
3376          *
3377          * We store a hashmap where the UID/GID is they key and the value is a 32bit reference counter, whose highest
3378          * bit is used as flag for marking UIDs/GIDs whose IPC objects to remove when the last reference to the UID/GID
3379          * is dropped. The flag is set to on, once at least one reference from a unit where RemoveIPC= is set is added
3380          * on a UID/GID. It is reset when the UID's/GID's reference counter drops to 0 again. */
3381
3382         assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
3383         assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
3384
3385         if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
3386                 return;
3387
3388         c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
3389
3390         n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
3391         assert(n > 0);
3392         n--;
3393
3394         if (destroy_now && n == 0) {
3395                 hashmap_remove(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid));
3396
3397                 if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
3398                         log_debug("%s " UID_FMT " is no longer referenced, cleaning up its IPC.",
3399                                   _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
3400                                   uid);
3401                         (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
3402                 }
3403         } else {
3404                 c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG);
3405                 assert_se(hashmap_update(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c)) >= 0);
3406         }
3407 }
3408
3409 void manager_unref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool destroy_now) {
3410         manager_unref_uid_internal(m, &m->uid_refs, uid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_uid);
3411 }
3412
3413 void manager_unref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool destroy_now) {
3414         manager_unref_uid_internal(m, &m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_gid);
3415 }
3416
3417 static int manager_ref_uid_internal(
3418                 Manager *m,
3419                 Hashmap **uid_refs,
3420                 uid_t uid,
3421                 bool clean_ipc) {
3422
3423         uint32_t c, n;
3424         int r;
3425
3426         assert(m);
3427         assert(uid_refs);
3428         assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
3429
3430         /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_ref_uid() and manager_ref_gid(), under the assumption
3431          * that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity rules. */
3432
3433         assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
3434         assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
3435
3436         if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
3437                 return 0;
3438
3439         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(uid_refs, &trivial_hash_ops);
3440         if (r < 0)
3441                 return r;
3442
3443         c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
3444
3445         n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
3446         n++;
3447
3448         if (n & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) /* check for overflow */
3449                 return -EOVERFLOW;
3450
3451         c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) | (clean_ipc ? DESTROY_IPC_FLAG : 0);
3452
3453         return hashmap_replace(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c));
3454 }
3455
3456 int manager_ref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool clean_ipc) {
3457         return manager_ref_uid_internal(m, &m->uid_refs, uid, clean_ipc);
3458 }
3459
3460 int manager_ref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool clean_ipc) {
3461         return manager_ref_uid_internal(m, &m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, clean_ipc);
3462 }
3463
3464 static void manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(
3465                 Manager *m,
3466                 Hashmap **uid_refs,
3467                 int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
3468
3469         Iterator i;
3470         void *p, *k;
3471
3472         assert(m);
3473         assert(uid_refs);
3474         assert(_clean_ipc);
3475
3476         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(p, k, *uid_refs, i) {
3477                 uint32_t c, n;
3478                 uid_t uid;
3479
3480                 uid = PTR_TO_UID(k);
3481                 c = PTR_TO_UINT32(p);
3482
3483                 n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
3484                 if (n > 0)
3485                         continue;
3486
3487                 if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
3488                         log_debug("Found unreferenced %s " UID_FMT " after reload/reexec. Cleaning up.",
3489                                   _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
3490                                   uid);
3491                         (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
3492                 }
3493
3494                 assert_se(hashmap_remove(*uid_refs, k) == p);
3495         }
3496 }
3497
3498 void manager_vacuum_uid_refs(Manager *m) {
3499         manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m, &m->uid_refs, clean_ipc_by_uid);
3500 }
3501
3502 void manager_vacuum_gid_refs(Manager *m) {
3503         manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m, &m->gid_refs, clean_ipc_by_gid);
3504 }
3505
3506 static void manager_serialize_uid_refs_internal(
3507                 Manager *m,
3508                 FILE *f,
3509                 Hashmap **uid_refs,
3510                 const char *field_name) {
3511
3512         Iterator i;
3513         void *p, *k;
3514
3515         assert(m);
3516         assert(f);
3517         assert(uid_refs);
3518         assert(field_name);
3519
3520         /* Serialize the UID reference table. Or actually, just the IPC destruction flag of it, as the actual counter
3521          * of it is better rebuild after a reload/reexec. */
3522
3523         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(p, k, *uid_refs, i) {
3524                 uint32_t c;
3525                 uid_t uid;
3526
3527                 uid = PTR_TO_UID(k);
3528                 c = PTR_TO_UINT32(p);
3529
3530                 if (!(c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG))
3531                         continue;
3532
3533                 fprintf(f, "%s=" UID_FMT "\n", field_name, uid);
3534         }
3535 }
3536
3537 void manager_serialize_uid_refs(Manager *m, FILE *f) {
3538         manager_serialize_uid_refs_internal(m, f, &m->uid_refs, "destroy-ipc-uid");
3539 }
3540
3541 void manager_serialize_gid_refs(Manager *m, FILE *f) {
3542         manager_serialize_uid_refs_internal(m, f, &m->gid_refs, "destroy-ipc-gid");
3543 }
3544
3545 static void manager_deserialize_uid_refs_one_internal(
3546                 Manager *m,
3547                 Hashmap** uid_refs,
3548                 const char *value) {
3549
3550         uid_t uid;
3551         uint32_t c;
3552         int r;
3553
3554         assert(m);
3555         assert(uid_refs);
3556         assert(value);
3557
3558         r = parse_uid(value, &uid);
3559         if (r < 0 || uid == 0) {
3560                 log_debug("Unable to parse UID reference serialization");
3561                 return;
3562         }
3563
3564         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(uid_refs, &trivial_hash_ops);
3565         if (r < 0) {
3566                 log_oom();
3567                 return;
3568         }
3569
3570         c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
3571         if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG)
3572                 return;
3573
3574         c |= DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
3575
3576         r = hashmap_replace(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c));
3577         if (r < 0) {
3578                 log_debug("Failed to add UID reference entry");
3579                 return;
3580         }
3581 }
3582
3583 void manager_deserialize_uid_refs_one(Manager *m, const char *value) {
3584         manager_deserialize_uid_refs_one_internal(m, &m->uid_refs, value);
3585 }
3586
3587 void manager_deserialize_gid_refs_one(Manager *m, const char *value) {
3588         manager_deserialize_uid_refs_one_internal(m, &m->gid_refs, value);
3589 }
3590
3591 int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
3592         struct buffer {
3593                 uid_t uid;
3594                 gid_t gid;
3595                 char unit_name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+1];
3596         } _packed_ buffer;
3597
3598         Manager *m = userdata;
3599         ssize_t l;
3600         size_t n;
3601         Unit *u;
3602
3603         assert_se(source);
3604         assert_se(m);
3605
3606         /* Invoked whenever a child process succeeded resolving its user/group to use and sent us the resulting UID/GID
3607          * in a datagram. We parse the datagram here and pass it off to the unit, so that it can add a reference to the
3608          * UID/GID so that it can destroy the UID/GID's IPC objects when the reference counter drops to 0. */
3609
3610         l = recv(fd, &buffer, sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT);
3611         if (l < 0) {
3612                 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
3613                         return 0;
3614
3615                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read from user lookup fd: %m");
3616         }
3617
3618         if ((size_t) l <= offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name)) {
3619                 log_warning("Received too short user lookup message, ignoring.");
3620                 return 0;
3621         }
3622
3623         if ((size_t) l > offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name) + UNIT_NAME_MAX) {
3624                 log_warning("Received too long user lookup message, ignoring.");
3625                 return 0;
3626         }
3627
3628         if (!uid_is_valid(buffer.uid) && !gid_is_valid(buffer.gid)) {
3629                 log_warning("Got user lookup message with invalid UID/GID pair, ignoring.");
3630                 return 0;
3631         }
3632
3633         n = (size_t) l - offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name);
3634         if (memchr(buffer.unit_name, 0, n)) {
3635                 log_warning("Received lookup message with embedded NUL character, ignoring.");
3636                 return 0;
3637         }
3638
3639         buffer.unit_name[n] = 0;
3640         u = manager_get_unit(m, buffer.unit_name);
3641         if (!u) {
3642                 log_debug("Got user lookup message but unit doesn't exist, ignoring.");
3643                 return 0;
3644         }
3645
3646         log_unit_debug(u, "User lookup succeeded: uid=" UID_FMT " gid=" GID_FMT, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
3647
3648         unit_notify_user_lookup(u, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
3649         return 0;
3650 }
3651
3652 static const char *const manager_state_table[_MANAGER_STATE_MAX] = {
3653         [MANAGER_INITIALIZING] = "initializing",
3654         [MANAGER_STARTING] = "starting",
3655         [MANAGER_RUNNING] = "running",
3656         [MANAGER_DEGRADED] = "degraded",
3657         [MANAGER_MAINTENANCE] = "maintenance",
3658         [MANAGER_STOPPING] = "stopping",
3659 };
3660
3661 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_state, ManagerState);