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Merge pull request #30796 from mrc0mmand/journalctl-namespaces
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2
3 #if HAVE_BLKID
4 #endif
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <getopt.h>
7 #include <linux/fs.h>
8 #include <linux/loop.h>
9 #if HAVE_SELINUX
10 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
11 #endif
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <sys/file.h>
14 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
15 #include <sys/personality.h>
16 #include <sys/prctl.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <termios.h>
20 #include <unistd.h>
21
22 #include "sd-bus.h"
23 #include "sd-daemon.h"
24 #include "sd-id128.h"
25
26 #include "alloc-util.h"
27 #include "ether-addr-util.h"
28 #include "barrier.h"
29 #include "base-filesystem.h"
30 #include "blkid-util.h"
31 #include "btrfs-util.h"
32 #include "build.h"
33 #include "bus-error.h"
34 #include "bus-locator.h"
35 #include "bus-util.h"
36 #include "cap-list.h"
37 #include "capability-util.h"
38 #include "cgroup-util.h"
39 #include "chase.h"
40 #include "common-signal.h"
41 #include "copy.h"
42 #include "cpu-set-util.h"
43 #include "creds-util.h"
44 #include "dev-setup.h"
45 #include "discover-image.h"
46 #include "dissect-image.h"
47 #include "env-util.h"
48 #include "escape.h"
49 #include "fd-util.h"
50 #include "fdset.h"
51 #include "fileio.h"
52 #include "format-util.h"
53 #include "fs-util.h"
54 #include "gpt.h"
55 #include "hexdecoct.h"
56 #include "hostname-setup.h"
57 #include "hostname-util.h"
58 #include "id128-util.h"
59 #include "io-util.h"
60 #include "log.h"
61 #include "loop-util.h"
62 #include "loopback-setup.h"
63 #include "machine-credential.h"
64 #include "macro.h"
65 #include "main-func.h"
66 #include "missing_sched.h"
67 #include "mkdir.h"
68 #include "mount-util.h"
69 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
70 #include "namespace-util.h"
71 #include "netlink-util.h"
72 #include "nspawn-bind-user.h"
73 #include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
74 #include "nspawn-def.h"
75 #include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
76 #include "nspawn-mount.h"
77 #include "nspawn-network.h"
78 #include "nspawn-oci.h"
79 #include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
80 #include "nspawn-register.h"
81 #include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
82 #include "nspawn-settings.h"
83 #include "nspawn-setuid.h"
84 #include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
85 #include "nspawn-util.h"
86 #include "nspawn.h"
87 #include "nulstr-util.h"
88 #include "os-util.h"
89 #include "pager.h"
90 #include "parse-argument.h"
91 #include "parse-util.h"
92 #include "pretty-print.h"
93 #include "process-util.h"
94 #include "ptyfwd.h"
95 #include "random-util.h"
96 #include "raw-clone.h"
97 #include "resolve-util.h"
98 #include "rlimit-util.h"
99 #include "rm-rf.h"
100 #include "seccomp-util.h"
101 #include "selinux-util.h"
102 #include "signal-util.h"
103 #include "socket-util.h"
104 #include "stat-util.h"
105 #include "stdio-util.h"
106 #include "string-table.h"
107 #include "string-util.h"
108 #include "strv.h"
109 #include "sysctl-util.h"
110 #include "terminal-util.h"
111 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
112 #include "umask-util.h"
113 #include "unit-name.h"
114 #include "user-util.h"
115 #include "vpick.h"
116
117 /* The notify socket inside the container it can use to talk to nspawn using the sd_notify(3) protocol */
118 #define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/host/notify"
119 #define NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL "/run/host/incoming"
120
121 #define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
122
123 typedef enum ContainerStatus {
124 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
125 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
126 } ContainerStatus;
127
128 static char *arg_directory = NULL;
129 static char *arg_template = NULL;
130 static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
131 static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
132 static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
133 static char *arg_user = NULL;
134 static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
135 static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
136 static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
137 static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
138 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
139 static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
140 static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
141 static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
142 static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
143 static char *arg_slice = NULL;
144 static bool arg_private_network = false;
145 static bool arg_read_only = false;
146 static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
147 static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
148 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
149 static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
150 static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
151 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
153 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
162 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
163 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
166 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
167 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
168 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
176 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
177 static uint64_t arg_caps_ambient = 0;
178 static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
179 static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
180 static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
181 static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
182 static bool arg_quiet = false;
183 static bool arg_register = true;
184 static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
185 static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
186 static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
187 static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
188 static bool arg_network_veth = false;
189 static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
190 static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
191 static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
192 static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
193 struct ether_addr arg_network_provided_mac = {};
194 static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
195 static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
196 static char *arg_image = NULL;
197 static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
198 static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
199 static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
200 static char **arg_property = NULL;
201 static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
202 static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
203 static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
204 static UserNamespaceOwnership arg_userns_ownership = _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_INVALID;
205 static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
206 static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
207 static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
208 static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
209 static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
210 static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
211 static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
212 static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
213 static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
214 static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
215 static VeritySettings arg_verity_settings = VERITY_SETTINGS_DEFAULT;
216 static char **arg_syscall_allow_list = NULL;
217 static char **arg_syscall_deny_list = NULL;
218 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
219 static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
220 #endif
221 static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
222 static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
223 static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
224 static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
225 static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
226 static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
227 static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
228 static unsigned arg_console_width = UINT_MAX, arg_console_height = UINT_MAX;
229 static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
230 static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
231 static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
232 static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
233 static MachineCredentialContext arg_credentials = {};
234 static char **arg_bind_user = NULL;
235 static bool arg_suppress_sync = false;
236 static char *arg_settings_filename = NULL;
237 static Architecture arg_architecture = _ARCHITECTURE_INVALID;
238 static ImagePolicy *arg_image_policy = NULL;
239
240 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
241 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
242 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
243 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
244 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
245 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
246 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
247 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
248 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
249 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
250 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
251 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
252 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
253 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
254 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
255 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
256 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
257 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
258 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
259 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
260 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
261 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
262 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
263 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_verity_settings, verity_settings_done);
264 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_allow_list, strv_freep);
265 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_deny_list, strv_freep);
266 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
267 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
268 #endif
269 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_credentials, machine_credential_context_done);
270 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
271 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
272 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_bind_user, strv_freep);
273 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_settings_filename, freep);
274 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image_policy, image_policy_freep);
275
276 static int handle_arg_console(const char *arg) {
277 if (streq(arg, "help")) {
278 puts("autopipe\n"
279 "interactive\n"
280 "passive\n"
281 "pipe\n"
282 "read-only");
283 return 0;
284 }
285
286 if (streq(arg, "interactive"))
287 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
288 else if (streq(arg, "read-only"))
289 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
290 else if (streq(arg, "passive"))
291 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
292 else if (streq(arg, "pipe")) {
293 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
294 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE,
295 "Console mode 'pipe' selected, but standard input/output are connected to an interactive TTY. "
296 "Most likely you want to use 'interactive' console mode for proper interactivity and shell job control. "
297 "Proceeding anyway.");
298
299 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
300 } else if (streq(arg, "autopipe")) {
301 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
302 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
303 else
304 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
305 } else
306 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
307
308 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
309 return 1;
310 }
311
312 static int help(void) {
313 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
314 int r;
315
316 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
317
318 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
319 if (r < 0)
320 return log_oom();
321
322 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
323 "%5$sSpawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.%6$s\n\n"
324 " -h --help Show this help\n"
325 " --version Print version string\n"
326 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
327 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
328 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n\n"
329 "%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
330 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
331 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
332 " if missing\n"
333 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
334 " remove it after exit\n"
335 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
336 " the container\n"
337 " --image-policy=POLICY Specify disk image dissection policy\n"
338 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
339 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
340 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
341 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
342 " --root-hash-sig=SIG Specify pkcs7 signature of root hash for verity\n"
343 " as a DER encoded PKCS7, either as a path to a file\n"
344 " or as an ASCII base64 encoded string prefixed by\n"
345 " 'base64:'\n"
346 " --verity-data=PATH Specify hash device for verity\n"
347 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
348 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n\n"
349 "%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
350 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
351 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
352 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
353 " -E --setenv=NAME[=VALUE] Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
354 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
355 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
356 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
357 " --suppress-sync=BOOLEAN\n"
358 " Suppress any form of disk data synchronization\n\n"
359 "%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
360 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
361 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
362 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n\n"
363 "%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
364 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
365 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
366 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
367 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
368 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n\n"
369 "%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
370 " --private-users=no Run without user namespacing\n"
371 " --private-users=yes|pick|identity\n"
372 " Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
373 " --private-users=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]\n"
374 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
375 " --private-users-ownership=MODE\n"
376 " Adjust ('chown') or map ('map') OS tree ownership\n"
377 " to private UID/GID range\n"
378 " -U Equivalent to --private-users=pick and\n"
379 " --private-users-ownership=auto\n\n"
380 "%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
381 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
382 " --network-interface=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
383 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
384 " container\n"
385 " --network-macvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
386 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
387 " existing network interface to the container\n"
388 " --network-ipvlan=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
389 " Create an ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
390 " existing network interface to the container\n"
391 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
392 " and container\n"
393 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
394 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
395 " host and container\n"
396 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
397 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
398 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
399 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
400 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
401 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
402 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
403 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
404 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
405 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n\n"
406 "%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
407 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
408 " capability\n"
409 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
410 " --ambient-capability=CAP\n"
411 " Sets the specified capability for the started\n"
412 " process. Not useful if booting a machine.\n"
413 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
414 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
415 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
416 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
417 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
418 " processes in the container\n"
419 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
420 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
421 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n\n"
422 "%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
423 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
424 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
425 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
426 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
427 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n\n"
428 "%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
429 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
430 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
431 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
432 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
433 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n\n"
434 "%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
435 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
436 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
437 " the container\n"
438 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
439 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
440 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
441 " it\n"
442 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
443 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
444 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
445 " the container\n"
446 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
447 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
448 " --bind-user=NAME Bind user from host to container\n\n"
449 "%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
450 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
451 " set up for the container.\n"
452 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n\n"
453 "%3$sCredentials:%4$s\n"
454 " --set-credential=ID:VALUE\n"
455 " Pass a credential with literal value to container.\n"
456 " --load-credential=ID:PATH\n"
457 " Load credential to pass to container from file or\n"
458 " AF_UNIX stream socket.\n"
459 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
460 program_invocation_short_name,
461 link,
462 ansi_underline(),
463 ansi_normal(),
464 ansi_highlight(),
465 ansi_normal());
466
467 return 0;
468 }
469
470 static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
471 size_t i;
472
473 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
474 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
475
476 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
477 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF)
478 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
479 "--private-users-ownership=own may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
480 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
481 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
482 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
483 }
484 }
485
486 return 0;
487 }
488
489 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
490 const char *e, *var = "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY";
491 int r;
492
493 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
494
495 e = getenv(var);
496 if (!e) {
497 /* $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY has been renamed to $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_UNIFIED_HIERARCHY. */
498 var = "UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY";
499 e = getenv(var);
500 }
501
502 if (!isempty(e)) {
503 r = parse_boolean(e);
504 if (r < 0)
505 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", var);
506 if (r > 0)
507 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
508 else
509 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
510 }
511
512 return 0;
513 }
514
515 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
516 int r;
517
518 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd
519 * in the image actually supports. */
520 r = cg_all_unified();
521 if (r < 0)
522 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
523 if (r > 0) {
524 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
525 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
526 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "230");
527 if (r < 0)
528 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
529 if (r > 0)
530 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
531 else
532 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
533 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
534 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
535 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, "233");
536 if (r < 0)
537 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
538 if (r > 0)
539 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
540 else
541 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
542 } else
543 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
544
545 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
546 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
547 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
548
549 return 0;
550 }
551
552 static int parse_capability_spec(const char *spec, uint64_t *ret_mask) {
553 uint64_t mask = 0;
554 int r;
555
556 for (;;) {
557 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
558
559 r = extract_first_word(&spec, &t, ",", 0);
560 if (r < 0)
561 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
562 if (r == 0)
563 break;
564
565 if (streq(t, "help")) {
566 for (int i = 0; i < capability_list_length(); i++) {
567 const char *name;
568
569 name = capability_to_name(i);
570 if (name)
571 puts(name);
572 }
573
574 return 0; /* quit */
575 }
576
577 if (streq(t, "all"))
578 mask = UINT64_MAX;
579 else {
580 r = capability_from_name(t);
581 if (r < 0)
582 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
583
584 mask |= 1ULL << r;
585 }
586 }
587
588 *ret_mask = mask;
589 return 1; /* continue */
590 }
591
592 static int parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
593 int r;
594
595 r = getenv_bool(name);
596 if (r == -ENXIO)
597 return 0;
598 if (r < 0)
599 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $%s: %m", name);
600
601 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
602 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
603 return 0;
604 }
605
606 static int parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
607 const char *e;
608 int r;
609
610 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
611 if (r < 0 && r != -ENXIO)
612 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP: %m");
613 if (r >= 0)
614 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
615
616 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
617 if (streq_ptr(e, "network"))
618 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
619
620 else if (e) {
621 r = parse_boolean(e);
622 if (r < 0)
623 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE: %m");
624
625 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
626 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
627 }
628
629 return 0;
630 }
631
632 static int parse_environment(void) {
633 const char *e;
634 int r;
635
636 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
637 if (r < 0)
638 return r;
639 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
640 if (r < 0)
641 return r;
642 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
643 if (r < 0)
644 return r;
645 r = parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
646 if (r < 0)
647 return r;
648
649 r = parse_mount_settings_env();
650 if (r < 0)
651 return r;
652
653 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
654 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
655 if (!cg_ns_supported())
656 arg_use_cgns = false;
657 else {
658 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
659 if (r < 0) {
660 if (r != -ENXIO)
661 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS: %m");
662
663 arg_use_cgns = true;
664 } else {
665 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
666 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
667 }
668 }
669
670 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
671 if (e)
672 arg_container_service_name = e;
673
674 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_NETWORK_MAC");
675 if (e) {
676 r = parse_ether_addr(e, &arg_network_provided_mac);
677 if (r < 0)
678 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse provided MAC address via environment variable");
679 }
680
681 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC");
682 if (r >= 0)
683 arg_suppress_sync = r;
684 else if (r != -ENXIO)
685 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_SUPPRESS_SYNC, ignoring: %m");
686
687 return detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
688 }
689
690 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
691 enum {
692 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
693 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
694 ARG_UUID,
695 ARG_READ_ONLY,
696 ARG_CAPABILITY,
697 ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY,
698 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
699 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
700 ARG_BIND,
701 ARG_BIND_RO,
702 ARG_TMPFS,
703 ARG_OVERLAY,
704 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
705 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
706 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
707 ARG_REGISTER,
708 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
709 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
710 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
711 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
712 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
713 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
714 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
715 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
716 ARG_PERSONALITY,
717 ARG_VOLATILE,
718 ARG_TEMPLATE,
719 ARG_PROPERTY,
720 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
721 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
722 ARG_SETTINGS,
723 ARG_CHDIR,
724 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
725 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
726 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP,
727 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
728 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
729 ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG,
730 ARG_VERITY_DATA,
731 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
732 ARG_RLIMIT,
733 ARG_HOSTNAME,
734 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
735 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
736 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
737 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
738 ARG_TIMEZONE,
739 ARG_CONSOLE,
740 ARG_PIPE,
741 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
742 ARG_NO_PAGER,
743 ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL,
744 ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL,
745 ARG_BIND_USER,
746 ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC,
747 ARG_IMAGE_POLICY,
748 };
749
750 static const struct option options[] = {
751 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
752 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
753 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
754 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
755 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
756 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
757 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
758 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
759 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
760 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
761 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
762 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
763 { "ambient-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY },
764 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
765 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
766 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
767 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
768 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
769 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
770 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
771 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
772 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
773 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
774 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
775 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
776 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
777 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
778 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
779 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
780 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
781 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
782 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
783 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
784 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
785 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
786 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
787 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
788 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
789 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
790 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
791 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
792 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
793 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
794 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
795 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
796 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
797 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN }, /* obsolete */
798 { "private-users-ownership",required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP},
799 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
800 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
801 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
802 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
803 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
804 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
805 { "root-hash-sig", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG },
806 { "verity-data", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERITY_DATA },
807 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
808 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
809 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
810 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
811 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
812 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
813 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
814 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
815 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
816 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
817 { "set-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL },
818 { "load-credential", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL },
819 { "bind-user", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_USER },
820 { "suppress-sync", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC },
821 { "image-policy", required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE_POLICY },
822 {}
823 };
824
825 int c, r;
826 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
827 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
828
829 assert(argc >= 0);
830 assert(argv);
831
832 /* Resetting to 0 forces the invocation of an internal initialization routine of getopt_long()
833 * that checks for GNU extensions in optstring ('-' or '+' at the beginning). */
834 optind = 0;
835 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
836 switch (c) {
837
838 case 'h':
839 return help();
840
841 case ARG_VERSION:
842 return version();
843
844 case 'D':
845 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
846 if (r < 0)
847 return r;
848
849 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
850 break;
851
852 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
853 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_template);
854 if (r < 0)
855 return r;
856
857 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
858 break;
859
860 case 'i':
861 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
862 if (r < 0)
863 return r;
864
865 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
866 break;
867
868 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
869 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
870 if (r < 0)
871 return r;
872
873 break;
874
875 case 'x':
876 arg_ephemeral = true;
877 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
878 break;
879
880 case 'u':
881 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
882 if (r < 0)
883 return log_oom();
884
885 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
886 break;
887
888 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
889 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
890
891 j = strjoin("vz-", optarg);
892 if (!j)
893 return log_oom();
894
895 if (!ifname_valid(j))
896 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
897 "Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
898
899 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
900
901 arg_network_veth = true;
902 arg_private_network = true;
903 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
904 break;
905 }
906
907 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
908
909 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
910 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
911 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
912
913 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
914 if (r < 0)
915 return log_oom();
916
917 _fallthrough_;
918 case 'n':
919 arg_network_veth = true;
920 arg_private_network = true;
921 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
922 break;
923
924 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
925 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
926 if (r < 0)
927 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
928
929 arg_private_network = true;
930 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
931 break;
932
933 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
934 r = interface_pair_parse(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg);
935 if (r < 0)
936 return r;
937
938 arg_private_network = true;
939 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
940 break;
941
942 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
943 r = macvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg);
944 if (r < 0)
945 return r;
946
947 arg_private_network = true;
948 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
949 break;
950
951 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
952 r = ipvlan_pair_parse(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg);
953 if (r < 0)
954 return r;
955
956 _fallthrough_;
957 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
958 arg_private_network = true;
959 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
960 break;
961
962 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
963 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
964 if (r < 0)
965 return r;
966
967 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
968 break;
969
970 case 'b':
971 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
972 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
973 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
974
975 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
976 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
977 break;
978
979 case 'a':
980 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
981 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
982 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
983
984 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
985 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
986 break;
987
988 case ARG_UUID:
989 r = id128_from_string_nonzero(optarg, &arg_uuid);
990 if (r == -ENXIO)
991 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
992 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
993 if (r < 0)
994 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
995
996 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
997 break;
998
999 case 'S': {
1000 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL;
1001
1002 r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(optarg, NULL, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN, ".slice", &mangled);
1003 if (r < 0)
1004 return log_oom();
1005
1006 free_and_replace(arg_slice, mangled);
1007 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
1008 break;
1009 }
1010
1011 case 'M':
1012 if (isempty(optarg))
1013 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
1014 else {
1015 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1016 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1017 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
1018
1019 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
1020 if (r < 0)
1021 return log_oom();
1022 }
1023 break;
1024
1025 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1026 if (isempty(optarg))
1027 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
1028 else {
1029 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, 0))
1030 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1031 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
1032
1033 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1034 if (r < 0)
1035 return log_oom();
1036 }
1037
1038 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
1039 break;
1040
1041 case 'Z':
1042 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
1043 break;
1044
1045 case 'L':
1046 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
1047 break;
1048
1049 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
1050 arg_read_only = true;
1051 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
1052 break;
1053
1054 case ARG_AMBIENT_CAPABILITY: {
1055 uint64_t m;
1056 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1057 if (r <= 0)
1058 return r;
1059 arg_caps_ambient |= m;
1060 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1061 break;
1062 }
1063 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
1064 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
1065 uint64_t m;
1066 r = parse_capability_spec(optarg, &m);
1067 if (r <= 0)
1068 return r;
1069
1070 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
1071 plus |= m;
1072 else
1073 minus |= m;
1074 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
1075 break;
1076 }
1077 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
1078 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1079 if (r < 0)
1080 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
1081
1082 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
1083 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
1084 break;
1085
1086 case 'j':
1087 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
1088 arg_link_journal_try = true;
1089 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1090 break;
1091
1092 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
1093 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
1094 if (r < 0)
1095 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
1096
1097 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
1098 break;
1099
1100 case ARG_BIND:
1101 case ARG_BIND_RO:
1102 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
1103 if (r < 0)
1104 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1105
1106 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1107 break;
1108
1109 case ARG_TMPFS:
1110 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1111 if (r < 0)
1112 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1113
1114 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1115 break;
1116
1117 case ARG_OVERLAY:
1118 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
1119 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
1120 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
1121 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
1122 if (r < 0)
1123 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1124
1125 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1126 break;
1127
1128 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
1129 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
1130 if (r < 0)
1131 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1132
1133 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
1134 break;
1135
1136 case 'E':
1137 r = strv_env_replace_strdup_passthrough(&arg_setenv, optarg);
1138 if (r < 0)
1139 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot assign environment variable %s: %m", optarg);
1140
1141 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
1142 break;
1143
1144 case 'q':
1145 arg_quiet = true;
1146 break;
1147
1148 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
1149 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
1150 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
1151 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
1152 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
1153 break;
1154
1155 case ARG_REGISTER:
1156 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1157 if (r < 0) {
1158 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1159 return r;
1160 }
1161
1162 arg_register = r;
1163 break;
1164
1165 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1166 arg_keep_unit = true;
1167 break;
1168
1169 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1170
1171 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
1172 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1173 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1174 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
1175
1176 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
1177 break;
1178
1179 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1180
1181 if (!optarg)
1182 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
1183 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1184 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1185 return 0;
1186 } else {
1187 VolatileMode m;
1188
1189 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
1190 if (m < 0)
1191 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1192 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1193 else
1194 arg_volatile_mode = m;
1195 }
1196
1197 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1198 break;
1199
1200 case 'p':
1201 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1202 if (r == -EEXIST)
1203 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1204 if (r < 0)
1205 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
1206
1207 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
1208 break;
1209
1210 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1211 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1212 return log_oom();
1213
1214 break;
1215
1216 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
1217 int boolean;
1218
1219 if (!optarg)
1220 boolean = true;
1221 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1222 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1223 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
1224 else
1225 boolean = -1;
1226
1227 if (boolean == 0) {
1228 /* no: User namespacing off */
1229 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1230 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1231 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1232 } else if (boolean > 0) {
1233 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1234 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1235 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1236 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1237 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1238 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
1239 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1240 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1241 * further down. */
1242 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1243 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1244
1245 } else if (streq(optarg, "identity")) {
1246 /* identity: User namespaces on, UID range is map the 0…0xFFFF range to
1247 * itself, i.e. we don't actually map anything, but do take benefit of
1248 * isolation of capability sets. */
1249 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1250 arg_uid_shift = 0;
1251 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1252 } else {
1253 _cleanup_free_ char *buffer = NULL;
1254 const char *range, *shift;
1255
1256 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
1257
1258 range = strchr(optarg, ':');
1259 if (range) {
1260 buffer = strndup(optarg, range - optarg);
1261 if (!buffer)
1262 return log_oom();
1263 shift = buffer;
1264
1265 range++;
1266 r = safe_atou32(range, &arg_uid_range);
1267 if (r < 0)
1268 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range);
1269 } else
1270 shift = optarg;
1271
1272 r = parse_uid(shift, &arg_uid_shift);
1273 if (r < 0)
1274 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg);
1275
1276 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1277
1278 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
1279 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID range cannot be empty or go beyond " UID_FMT ".", UID_INVALID);
1280 }
1281
1282 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1283 break;
1284 }
1285
1286 case 'U':
1287 if (userns_supported()) {
1288 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK; /* Note that arg_userns_ownership is
1289 * implied by USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
1290 * further down. */
1291 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1292 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1293
1294 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1295 }
1296
1297 break;
1298
1299 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
1300 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
1301
1302 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1303 break;
1304
1305 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_OWNERSHIP:
1306 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1307 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(user_namespace_ownership, UserNamespaceOwnership, _USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAX);
1308 return 0;
1309 }
1310
1311 arg_userns_ownership = user_namespace_ownership_from_string(optarg);
1312 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1313 return log_error_errno(arg_userns_ownership, "Cannot parse --user-namespace-ownership= value: %s", optarg);
1314
1315 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1316 break;
1317
1318 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
1319 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1320 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1321 return 0;
1322 }
1323
1324 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
1325 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
1326 return log_error_errno(arg_kill_signal, "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
1327
1328 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1329 break;
1330
1331 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1332
1333 /* no → do not read files
1334 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1335 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1336 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1337 */
1338
1339 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1340 if (r < 0) {
1341 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1342 mask_all_settings = false;
1343 mask_no_settings = false;
1344 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1345
1346 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1347 mask_all_settings = false;
1348 mask_no_settings = true;
1349 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1350 } else
1351 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1352 } else if (r > 0) {
1353 /* yes */
1354 mask_all_settings = false;
1355 mask_no_settings = false;
1356 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1357 } else {
1358 /* no */
1359 mask_all_settings = true;
1360 mask_no_settings = false;
1361 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1362 }
1363
1364 break;
1365
1366 case ARG_CHDIR:
1367 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1368 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1369 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
1370
1371 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir, optarg);
1372 if (r < 0)
1373 return log_oom();
1374
1375 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1376 break;
1377
1378 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1379 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1380 if (r < 0)
1381 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1382
1383 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1384 break;
1385
1386 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1387 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1388 if (r < 0)
1389 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1390 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
1391 arg_notify_ready = r;
1392 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1393 break;
1394
1395 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
1396 _cleanup_free_ void *k = NULL;
1397 size_t l;
1398
1399 r = unhexmem(optarg, strlen(optarg), &k, &l);
1400 if (r < 0)
1401 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
1402 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t))
1403 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128-bit long: %s", optarg);
1404
1405 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash, k);
1406 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_size = l;
1407 break;
1408 }
1409
1410 case ARG_ROOT_HASH_SIG: {
1411 char *value;
1412 size_t l;
1413 void *p;
1414
1415 if ((value = startswith(optarg, "base64:"))) {
1416 r = unbase64mem(value, strlen(value), &p, &l);
1417 if (r < 0)
1418 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash signature '%s': %m", optarg);
1419
1420 } else {
1421 r = read_full_file(optarg, (char**) &p, &l);
1422 if (r < 0)
1423 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed parse root hash signature file '%s': %m", optarg);
1424 }
1425
1426 free_and_replace(arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig, p);
1427 arg_verity_settings.root_hash_sig_size = l;
1428 break;
1429 }
1430
1431 case ARG_VERITY_DATA:
1432 r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_verity_settings.data_path);
1433 if (r < 0)
1434 return r;
1435 break;
1436
1437 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1438 bool negative;
1439 const char *items;
1440
1441 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1442 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1443
1444 for (;;) {
1445 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1446
1447 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1448 if (r == 0)
1449 break;
1450 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1451 return log_oom();
1452 if (r < 0)
1453 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1454
1455 if (negative)
1456 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_deny_list, word);
1457 else
1458 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_allow_list, word);
1459 if (r < 0)
1460 return log_oom();
1461 }
1462
1463 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1464 break;
1465 }
1466
1467 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1468 const char *eq;
1469 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
1470 int rl;
1471
1472 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1473 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1474 return 0;
1475 }
1476
1477 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
1478 if (!eq)
1479 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1480 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
1481
1482 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1483 if (!name)
1484 return log_oom();
1485
1486 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
1487 if (rl < 0)
1488 return log_error_errno(rl, "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
1489
1490 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1491 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1492 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1493 return log_oom();
1494 }
1495
1496 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1497 if (r < 0)
1498 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1499
1500 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1501 break;
1502 }
1503
1504 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1505 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1506 if (r < 0)
1507 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1508
1509 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1510 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1511 break;
1512
1513 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
1514 CPUSet cpuset;
1515
1516 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1517 if (r < 0)
1518 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
1519
1520 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1521 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
1522 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1523 break;
1524 }
1525
1526 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1527 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1528 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1529 return 0;
1530 }
1531
1532 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
1533 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
1534 return log_error_errno(arg_resolv_conf,
1535 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
1536
1537 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1538 break;
1539
1540 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1541 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1542 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1543 return 0;
1544 }
1545
1546 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
1547 if (arg_timezone < 0)
1548 return log_error_errno(arg_timezone,
1549 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1550
1551 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1552 break;
1553
1554 case ARG_CONSOLE:
1555 r = handle_arg_console(optarg);
1556 if (r <= 0)
1557 return r;
1558 break;
1559
1560 case 'P':
1561 case ARG_PIPE:
1562 r = handle_arg_console("pipe");
1563 if (r <= 0)
1564 return r;
1565 break;
1566
1567 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1568 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1569 break;
1570
1571 case ARG_SET_CREDENTIAL:
1572 r = machine_credential_set(&arg_credentials, optarg);
1573 if (r < 0)
1574 return r;
1575
1576 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1577 break;
1578
1579 case ARG_LOAD_CREDENTIAL:
1580 r = machine_credential_load(&arg_credentials, optarg);
1581 if (r < 0)
1582 return r;
1583
1584 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CREDENTIALS;
1585 break;
1586
1587 case ARG_BIND_USER:
1588 if (!valid_user_group_name(optarg, 0))
1589 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid user name to bind: %s", optarg);
1590
1591 if (strv_extend(&arg_bind_user, optarg) < 0)
1592 return log_oom();
1593
1594 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_BIND_USER;
1595 break;
1596
1597 case ARG_SUPPRESS_SYNC:
1598 r = parse_boolean_argument("--suppress-sync=", optarg, &arg_suppress_sync);
1599 if (r < 0)
1600 return r;
1601
1602 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC;
1603 break;
1604
1605 case ARG_IMAGE_POLICY:
1606 r = parse_image_policy_argument(optarg, &arg_image_policy);
1607 if (r < 0)
1608 return r;
1609 break;
1610
1611 case '?':
1612 return -EINVAL;
1613
1614 default:
1615 assert_not_reached();
1616 }
1617
1618 if (argc > optind) {
1619 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1620 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1621 if (!arg_parameters)
1622 return log_oom();
1623
1624 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1625 }
1626
1627 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1628 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1629 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1630 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1631 * --directory=". */
1632 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1633
1634 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
1635 arg_caps_retain |= arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0;
1636 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
1637
1638 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
1639 r = parse_environment();
1640 if (r < 0)
1641 return r;
1642
1643 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1644 if (mask_no_settings)
1645 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1646
1647 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1648 if (mask_all_settings)
1649 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1650
1651 return 1;
1652 }
1653
1654 static int verify_arguments(void) {
1655 int r;
1656
1657 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2 && arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
1658 /* If we are running the stub init in the container, we don't need to look at what the init
1659 * in the container supports, because we are not using it. Let's immediately pick the right
1660 * setting based on the host system configuration.
1661 *
1662 * We only do this, if the user didn't use an environment variable to override the detection.
1663 */
1664
1665 r = cg_all_unified();
1666 if (r < 0)
1667 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
1668 if (r > 0)
1669 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
1670 else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0)
1671 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
1672 else
1673 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
1674 }
1675
1676 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1677 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1678
1679 if (arg_private_network)
1680 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1681
1682 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1683 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
1684 arg_register = false;
1685 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
1686 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
1687 }
1688
1689 if (arg_userns_ownership < 0)
1690 arg_userns_ownership =
1691 arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK ? USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO :
1692 USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_OFF;
1693
1694 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1695 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1696
1697 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1698 arg_read_only = true;
1699
1700 if (has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts))
1701 arg_read_only = true;
1702
1703 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
1704 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1705 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
1706 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
1707
1708 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
1709 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1710
1711 if (arg_template && arg_image)
1712 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
1713
1714 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
1715 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
1716
1717 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
1718 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
1719
1720 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO))
1721 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
1722
1723 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
1724 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
1725
1726 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_read_only)
1727 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1728 "--read-only and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1729
1730 /* We don't support --private-users-ownership=chown together with any of the volatile modes since we
1731 * couldn't change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a
1732 * massive copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1733 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1734 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-ownership=chown may not be combined.");
1735
1736 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option (except --private-network),
1737 * we need to error out, to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
1738 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1739 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1740 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1741 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
1742 arg_network_veth))
1743 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
1744
1745 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
1746 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1747 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
1748
1749 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
1750 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
1751
1752 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
1753 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
1754
1755 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
1756 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
1757
1758 if (arg_caps_ambient) {
1759 if (arg_caps_ambient == UINT64_MAX)
1760 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= does not support the value all.");
1761
1762 if ((arg_caps_ambient & arg_caps_retain) != arg_caps_ambient)
1763 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not fully covered by Capability= setting.");
1764
1765 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
1766 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "AmbientCapability= setting is not useful for boot mode.");
1767 }
1768
1769 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !strv_isempty(arg_bind_user))
1770 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--bind-user= requires --private-users");
1771
1772 /* Drop duplicate --bind-user= entries */
1773 strv_uniq(arg_bind_user);
1774
1775 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1776 if (r < 0)
1777 return r;
1778
1779 return 0;
1780 }
1781
1782 static int verify_network_interfaces_initialized(void) {
1783 int r;
1784 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_interfaces);
1785 if (r < 0)
1786 return r;
1787
1788 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_macvlan);
1789 if (r < 0)
1790 return r;
1791
1792 r = test_network_interfaces_initialized(arg_network_ipvlan);
1793 if (r < 0)
1794 return r;
1795
1796 return 0;
1797 }
1798
1799 int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1800 assert(p);
1801
1802 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1803 return 0;
1804
1805 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1806 return 0;
1807
1808 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1809 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1810
1811 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1812 return -EOVERFLOW;
1813 }
1814
1815 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1816 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1817
1818 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1819 return -EOVERFLOW;
1820 }
1821
1822 return RET_NERRNO(lchown(p, uid, gid));
1823 }
1824
1825 int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1826 const char *q;
1827 int r;
1828
1829 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
1830 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(q, mode));
1831 if (r == -EEXIST)
1832 return 0;
1833 if (r < 0)
1834 return r;
1835
1836 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1837 }
1838
1839 static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
1840 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1841 path,
1842 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1843 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1844 }
1845
1846 static bool etc_writable(void) {
1847 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1848 }
1849
1850 static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1851 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1852 const char *where, *check;
1853 TimezoneMode m;
1854 int r;
1855
1856 assert(dest);
1857
1858 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1859 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1860 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1861 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1862 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
1863 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1864 else if (r < 0) {
1865 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1866 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1867 * file.
1868 *
1869 * Example:
1870 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1871 */
1872 return 0;
1873 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1874 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1875 else
1876 m = arg_timezone;
1877 } else
1878 m = arg_timezone;
1879
1880 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1881 return 0;
1882
1883 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
1884 if (r < 0) {
1885 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1886 return 0;
1887 }
1888
1889 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1890
1891 switch (m) {
1892
1893 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1894 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1895 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1896
1897 return 0;
1898
1899 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1900 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1901 const char *z, *what;
1902
1903 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1904 if (!z) {
1905 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
1906 return 0;
1907 }
1908
1909 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1910 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1911 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1912
1913 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1914 r = chase(check, dest, 0, NULL, NULL);
1915 if (r < 0)
1916 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
1917 else {
1918 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1919 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1920 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
1921 return 0;
1922 }
1923
1924 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1925 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
1926 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
1927 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1928 return 0;
1929 }
1930
1931 break;
1932 }
1933
1934 _fallthrough_;
1935 }
1936
1937 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
1938 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
1939 int found;
1940
1941 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved, NULL);
1942 if (found < 0) {
1943 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
1944 return 0;
1945 }
1946
1947 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
1948 (void) touch(resolved);
1949
1950 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1951 if (r >= 0)
1952 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1953
1954 _fallthrough_;
1955 }
1956
1957 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
1958 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
1959 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
1960 if (r < 0) {
1961 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1962 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
1963 return 0;
1964 }
1965
1966 break;
1967
1968 default:
1969 assert_not_reached();
1970 }
1971
1972 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
1973 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
1974 if (r < 0)
1975 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
1976
1977 return 0;
1978 }
1979
1980 static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
1981 assert(path);
1982
1983 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
1984 if (errno == ENOENT)
1985 return 0;
1986
1987 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
1988 }
1989
1990 return 1;
1991 }
1992
1993 static int resolved_listening(void) {
1994 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1995 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1996 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
1997 int r;
1998
1999 /* Check if resolved is listening */
2000
2001 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
2002 if (r < 0)
2003 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
2004
2005 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
2006 if (r < 0)
2007 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
2008 if (r == 0)
2009 return 0;
2010
2011 r = bus_get_property_string(bus, bus_resolve_mgr, "DNSStubListener", &error, &dns_stub_listener_mode);
2012 if (r < 0)
2013 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2014
2015 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
2016 }
2017
2018 static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
2019 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
2020 const char *where, *what;
2021 ResolvConfMode m;
2022 int r;
2023
2024 assert(dest);
2025
2026 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
2027 if (arg_private_network)
2028 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2029 else if (have_resolv_conf(PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
2030 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB;
2031 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
2032 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
2033 else
2034 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
2035
2036 } else
2037 m = arg_resolv_conf;
2038
2039 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
2040 return 0;
2041
2042 r = chase("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc, NULL);
2043 if (r < 0) {
2044 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
2045 return 0;
2046 }
2047
2048 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
2049
2050 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
2051 if (unlink(where) < 0)
2052 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
2053
2054 return 0;
2055 }
2056
2057 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
2058 what = PRIVATE_STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
2059 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK))
2060 what = PRIVATE_UPLINK_RESOLV_CONF;
2061 else if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB))
2062 what = PRIVATE_STUB_RESOLV_CONF;
2063 else
2064 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
2065
2066 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STUB)) {
2067 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
2068 int found;
2069
2070 found = chase(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT|CHASE_NOFOLLOW, &resolved, NULL);
2071 if (found < 0) {
2072 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
2073 return 0;
2074 }
2075
2076 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
2077 (void) touch(resolved);
2078
2079 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2080 if (r >= 0)
2081 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2082
2083 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
2084 }
2085
2086 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_REPLACE_STUB))
2087 r = copy_file_atomic(what, where, 0644, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
2088 else
2089 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, COPY_REFLINK);
2090 if (r < 0) {
2091 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
2092 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
2093 *
2094 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
2095 */
2096 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_UPLINK, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STUB) &&
2097 IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
2098 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
2099 return 0;
2100 }
2101
2102 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
2103 if (r < 0)
2104 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
2105
2106 return 0;
2107 }
2108
2109 static int setup_boot_id(void) {
2110 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2111 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2112 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
2113 const char *to;
2114 int r;
2115
2116 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
2117
2118 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
2119 if (r < 0)
2120 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
2121
2122 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
2123 if (r < 0)
2124 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
2125
2126 r = id128_write(path, ID128_FORMAT_UUID, rnd);
2127 if (r < 0)
2128 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
2129
2130 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
2131 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
2132
2133 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2134 if (r < 0)
2135 return r;
2136
2137 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2138 }
2139
2140 static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
2141 static const char devnodes[] =
2142 "null\0"
2143 "zero\0"
2144 "full\0"
2145 "random\0"
2146 "urandom\0"
2147 "tty\0"
2148 "net/tun\0";
2149
2150 int r = 0;
2151
2152 assert(dest);
2153
2154 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2155
2156 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
2157 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
2158 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
2159
2160 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
2161 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
2162 struct stat st;
2163
2164 from = path_join("/dev/", d);
2165 if (!from)
2166 return log_oom();
2167
2168 to = path_join(dest, from);
2169 if (!to)
2170 return log_oom();
2171
2172 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
2173
2174 if (errno != ENOENT)
2175 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
2176
2177 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
2178 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2179 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
2180 else {
2181 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
2182
2183 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
2184 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
2185 if (errno == EEXIST)
2186 log_notice("%s/dev/ is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev/ is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
2187 if (errno != EPERM)
2188 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
2189
2190 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
2191 r = touch(to);
2192 if (r < 0)
2193 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
2194 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2195 if (r < 0)
2196 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
2197 }
2198
2199 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
2200 if (r < 0)
2201 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
2202
2203 dn = path_join("/dev", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
2204 if (!dn)
2205 return log_oom();
2206
2207 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
2208 if (r < 0)
2209 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
2210
2211 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
2212 return log_oom();
2213
2214 prefixed = path_join(dest, sl);
2215 if (!prefixed)
2216 return log_oom();
2217
2218 t = path_join("..", d);
2219 if (!t)
2220 return log_oom();
2221
2222 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
2223 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
2224 }
2225 }
2226
2227 return r;
2228 }
2229
2230 static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
2231 size_t i;
2232 int r;
2233
2234 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2235
2236 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
2237 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2238 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
2239
2240 path = path_join(dest, n->path);
2241 if (!path)
2242 return log_oom();
2243
2244 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
2245 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
2246
2247 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
2248 if (r < 0)
2249 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
2250 }
2251
2252 return 0;
2253 }
2254
2255 static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
2256 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
2257 const char *p;
2258 int r;
2259
2260 #if HAVE_SELINUX
2261 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
2262 (void) asprintf(&options,
2263 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
2264 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2265 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2266 else
2267 #endif
2268 (void) asprintf(&options,
2269 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
2270 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
2271
2272 if (!options)
2273 return log_oom();
2274
2275 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
2276 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
2277 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2278 if (r < 0)
2279 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2280
2281 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
2282 if (r < 0)
2283 return r;
2284 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2285 if (r < 0)
2286 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
2287
2288 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2289 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
2290 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2291 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
2292 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2293 if (r < 0)
2294 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
2295
2296 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2297 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
2298 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2299 if (r < 0)
2300 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
2301
2302 return 0;
2303 }
2304
2305 static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
2306 _cleanup_close_ int terminal = -EBADF;
2307 int r;
2308
2309 /* We open the TTY in O_NOCTTY mode, so that we do not become controller yet. We'll do that later
2310 * explicitly, if we are configured to. */
2311 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2312 if (terminal < 0)
2313 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
2314
2315 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2316 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2317 r = log_dup_console();
2318 if (r < 0)
2319 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
2320
2321 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2322 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2323 TAKE_FD(terminal);
2324 if (r < 0)
2325 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2326
2327 return 0;
2328 }
2329
2330 static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2331 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2332 int r;
2333
2334 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2335 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
2336 if (r < 0)
2337 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2338
2339 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2340 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
2341
2342 return 0;
2343 }
2344
2345 static int setup_keyring(void) {
2346 key_serial_t keyring;
2347
2348 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session
2349 * systemd-nspawn was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block
2350 * keyctl() and request_key() anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary,
2351 * but in case people explicitly allow-list these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything
2352 * into the container. */
2353
2354 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2355 if (keyring == -1) {
2356 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2357 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
2358 else if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
2359 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2360 else
2361 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2362 }
2363
2364 return 0;
2365 }
2366
2367 int make_run_host(const char *root) {
2368 int r;
2369
2370 assert(root);
2371
2372 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host", 0755, 0, 0);
2373 if (r < 0)
2374 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/: %m");
2375
2376 return 0;
2377 }
2378
2379 static int setup_credentials(const char *root) {
2380 const char *q;
2381 int r;
2382
2383 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials == 0)
2384 return 0;
2385
2386 r = make_run_host(root);
2387 if (r < 0)
2388 return r;
2389
2390 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/host/credentials", 0700, 0, 0);
2391 if (r < 0)
2392 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/host/credentials: %m");
2393
2394 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/host/credentials");
2395 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, "ramfs", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0700");
2396 if (r < 0)
2397 return r;
2398
2399 FOREACH_ARRAY(cred, arg_credentials.credentials, arg_credentials.n_credentials) {
2400 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
2401 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
2402
2403 j = path_join(q, cred->id);
2404 if (!j)
2405 return log_oom();
2406
2407 fd = open(j, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
2408 if (fd < 0)
2409 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create credential file %s: %m", j);
2410
2411 r = loop_write(fd, cred->data, cred->size);
2412 if (r < 0)
2413 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write credential to file %s: %m", j);
2414
2415 if (fchmod(fd, 0400) < 0)
2416 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", j);
2417
2418 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2419 if (fchown(fd, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift) < 0)
2420 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust ownership of %s: %m", j);
2421 }
2422 }
2423
2424 if (chmod(q, 0500) < 0)
2425 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust access mode of %s: %m", q);
2426
2427 r = userns_lchown(q, 0, 0);
2428 if (r < 0)
2429 return r;
2430
2431 /* Make both mount and superblock read-only now */
2432 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
2433 if (r < 0)
2434 return r;
2435
2436 return mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, "mode=0500");
2437 }
2438
2439 static int setup_kmsg(int fd_inner_socket) {
2440 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2441 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
2442 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
2443 int r;
2444
2445 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
2446
2447 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0000);
2448
2449 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as a temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
2450 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2451 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2452 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2453
2454 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
2455 if (r < 0)
2456 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
2457
2458 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
2459 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
2460
2461 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
2462
2463 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2464 if (r < 0)
2465 return r;
2466
2467 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
2468 if (fd < 0)
2469 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
2470
2471 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
2472 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, fd, 0);
2473 if (r < 0)
2474 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
2475
2476 return 0;
2477 }
2478
2479 struct ExposeArgs {
2480 union in_addr_union address4;
2481 union in_addr_union address6;
2482 struct FirewallContext *fw_ctx;
2483 };
2484
2485 static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
2486 struct ExposeArgs *args = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2487
2488 assert(rtnl);
2489 assert(m);
2490
2491 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &args->address4);
2492 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &args->address6);
2493 return 0;
2494 }
2495
2496 static int setup_hostname(void) {
2497 int r;
2498
2499 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
2500 return 0;
2501
2502 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2503 if (r < 0)
2504 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
2505
2506 return 0;
2507 }
2508
2509 static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
2510 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
2511 const char *p, *q;
2512 sd_id128_t this_id;
2513 bool try;
2514 int r;
2515
2516 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2517 if (arg_ephemeral)
2518 return 0;
2519
2520 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2521 return 0;
2522
2523 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2524
2525 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
2526 if (r < 0)
2527 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
2528
2529 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
2530 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
2531 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2532 if (try)
2533 return 0;
2534 return -EEXIST;
2535 }
2536
2537 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2538 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2539 if (r < 0) {
2540 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2541 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2542 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2543 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2544 }
2545 }
2546
2547 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", SD_ID128_TO_STRING(arg_uuid));
2548 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
2549
2550 if (path_is_mount_point(p, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2551 if (try)
2552 return 0;
2553
2554 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2555 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
2556 }
2557
2558 if (path_is_mount_point(q, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2559 if (try)
2560 return 0;
2561
2562 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2563 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
2564 }
2565
2566 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2567 if (r >= 0) {
2568 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
2569 path_equal(d, q)) {
2570
2571 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2572 if (r < 0)
2573 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2574 return 0;
2575 }
2576
2577 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2578 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
2579 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2580
2581 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2582 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2583
2584 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2585 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2586 return r;
2587 } else
2588 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
2589 }
2590 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2591 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
2592
2593 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2594
2595 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
2596 if (try) {
2597 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
2598 return 0;
2599 } else
2600 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
2601 }
2602
2603 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2604 if (r < 0)
2605 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2606 return 0;
2607 }
2608
2609 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
2610 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
2611 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
2612
2613 r = RET_NERRNO(mkdir(p, 0755));
2614 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
2615 if (try) {
2616 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
2617 return 0;
2618 } else
2619 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
2620 }
2621
2622 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2623 return 0;
2624
2625 if (dir_is_empty(q, /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false) == 0)
2626 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2627
2628 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2629 if (r < 0)
2630 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
2631
2632 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2633 if (r < 0)
2634 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
2635
2636 return 0;
2637 }
2638
2639 static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2640 CapabilityQuintet q;
2641
2642 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2643 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2644 * arg_caps_retain. */
2645
2646 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2647 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2648
2649 if (q.bounding == UINT64_MAX)
2650 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2651
2652 if (q.effective == UINT64_MAX)
2653 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2654
2655 if (q.inheritable == UINT64_MAX)
2656 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2657
2658 if (q.permitted == UINT64_MAX)
2659 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : arg_caps_ambient;
2660
2661 if (q.ambient == UINT64_MAX && ambient_capabilities_supported())
2662 q.ambient = arg_caps_ambient;
2663
2664 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2665 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Cannot set capabilities that are not in the current bounding set.");
2666
2667 } else {
2668 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2669 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2670 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2671 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2672 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : arg_caps_ambient,
2673 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? arg_caps_ambient : UINT64_MAX,
2674 };
2675
2676 /* If we're not using OCI, proceed with mangled capabilities (so we don't error out)
2677 * in order to maintain the same behavior as systemd < 242. */
2678 if (capability_quintet_mangle(&q))
2679 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
2680 "Some capabilities will not be set because they are not in the current bounding set.");
2681
2682 }
2683
2684 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
2685 }
2686
2687 static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2688 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2689 int r;
2690
2691 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
2692 return 0;
2693
2694 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
2695 if (r == -ENOENT)
2696 return 0;
2697 if (r < 0)
2698 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
2699
2700 /* Already reset? */
2701 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2702 return 0;
2703
2704 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
2705 if (r < 0) {
2706 log_error_errno(r,
2707 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2708 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2709 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2710 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2711 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
2712
2713 sleep(5);
2714 }
2715
2716 return 0;
2717 }
2718
2719 static int mount_tunnel_dig(const char *root) {
2720 const char *p, *q;
2721 int r;
2722
2723 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2724 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
2725 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
2726 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2727
2728 r = make_run_host(root);
2729 if (r < 0)
2730 return r;
2731
2732 r = userns_mkdir(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, 0600, 0, 0);
2733 if (r < 0)
2734 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create "NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL": %m");
2735
2736 q = prefix_roota(root, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL);
2737 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2738 if (r < 0)
2739 return r;
2740
2741 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
2742 if (r < 0)
2743 return r;
2744
2745 return 0;
2746 }
2747
2748 static int mount_tunnel_open(void) {
2749 int r;
2750
2751 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, NSPAWN_MOUNT_TUNNEL, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2752 if (r < 0)
2753 return r;
2754
2755 return 0;
2756 }
2757
2758 static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
2759 int r;
2760
2761 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2762 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2763 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2764 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2765 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2766 * container behaves nicely). */
2767
2768 r = id128_get_machine(directory, &arg_uuid);
2769 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_MACHINE_ID_UNSET(r)) {
2770 /* If the file is missing, empty, or uninitialized, we don't mind */
2771 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2772 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2773 if (r < 0)
2774 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2775 }
2776 } else if (r < 0)
2777 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
2778
2779 return 0;
2780 }
2781
2782 static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2783 int r;
2784
2785 assert(directory);
2786
2787 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN)
2788 return 0;
2789
2790 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2791 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2792 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2793 if (r == -EBADE)
2794 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2795 if (r < 0)
2796 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2797 if (r == 0)
2798 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2799 else
2800 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2801
2802 return r;
2803 }
2804
2805 /*
2806 * Return values:
2807 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2808 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2809 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2810 * container argument.
2811 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2812 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
2813 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2814 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
2815 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2816 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2817 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
2818 *
2819 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2820 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
2821 */
2822 static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
2823 siginfo_t status;
2824 int r;
2825
2826 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
2827 if (r < 0)
2828 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
2829
2830 switch (status.si_code) {
2831
2832 case CLD_EXITED:
2833 if (status.si_status == 0)
2834 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
2835 else
2836 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
2837
2838 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2839 return status.si_status;
2840
2841 case CLD_KILLED:
2842 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
2843 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
2844 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2845 return 0;
2846
2847 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
2848 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
2849 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
2850 return 0;
2851 }
2852
2853 _fallthrough_;
2854 case CLD_DUMPED:
2855 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2856 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
2857
2858 default:
2859 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2860 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
2861 }
2862 }
2863
2864 static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2865 pid_t pid;
2866
2867 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2868 if (pid > 0) {
2869 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
2870 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2871 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2872 return 0;
2873 }
2874 }
2875
2876 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2877 return 0;
2878 }
2879
2880 static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
2881 pid_t pid;
2882
2883 assert(s);
2884 assert(ssi);
2885
2886 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2887
2888 for (;;) {
2889 siginfo_t si = {};
2890
2891 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2892 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2893 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2894 break;
2895 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
2896 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2897 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2898 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2899 break;
2900 }
2901
2902 /* Reap all other children. */
2903 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2904 }
2905
2906 return 0;
2907 }
2908
2909 static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2910 pid_t pid;
2911
2912 assert(m);
2913
2914 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2915
2916 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2917 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2918 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2919 } else {
2920 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2921 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2922 }
2923
2924 return 0;
2925 }
2926
2927 static int pick_paths(void) {
2928 int r;
2929
2930 if (arg_directory) {
2931 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2932 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2933
2934 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2935
2936 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2937 &arg_directory,
2938 &filter,
2939 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2940 &result);
2941 if (r < 0) {
2942 /* Accept ENOENT here so that the --template= logic can work */
2943 if (r != -ENOENT)
2944 return r;
2945 } else
2946 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2947 }
2948
2949 if (arg_image) {
2950 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2951 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_raw;
2952
2953 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2954
2955 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2956 &arg_image,
2957 &filter,
2958 PICK_ARCHITECTURE|PICK_TRIES,
2959 &result);
2960 if (r < 0)
2961 return r;
2962
2963 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2964 }
2965
2966 if (arg_template) {
2967 _cleanup_(pick_result_done) PickResult result = PICK_RESULT_NULL;
2968 PickFilter filter = pick_filter_image_dir;
2969
2970 filter.architecture = arg_architecture;
2971
2972 r = path_pick_update_warn(
2973 &arg_template,
2974 &filter,
2975 PICK_ARCHITECTURE,
2976 &result);
2977 if (r < 0)
2978 return r;
2979
2980 arg_architecture = result.architecture;
2981 }
2982
2983 return 0;
2984 }
2985
2986 static int determine_names(void) {
2987 int r;
2988
2989 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
2990
2991 /* If --template= was specified then we should not search for a machine, but instead create a
2992 * new one in /var/lib/machine. */
2993
2994 arg_directory = path_join("/var/lib/machines", arg_machine);
2995 if (!arg_directory)
2996 return log_oom();
2997 }
2998
2999 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
3000 if (arg_machine) {
3001 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
3002
3003 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, NULL, &i);
3004 if (r == -ENOENT)
3005 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
3006 if (r < 0)
3007 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
3008
3009 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
3010 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
3011 else
3012 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
3013 if (r < 0)
3014 return log_oom();
3015
3016 if (!arg_ephemeral)
3017 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
3018 } else {
3019 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
3020 if (r < 0)
3021 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
3022 }
3023
3024 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
3025 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
3026 }
3027
3028 if (!arg_machine) {
3029 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
3030 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
3031 else if (arg_image) {
3032 char *e;
3033
3034 r = path_extract_filename(arg_image, &arg_machine);
3035 if (r < 0)
3036 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_image);
3037
3038 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
3039 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
3040 if (e)
3041 *e = 0;
3042 } else {
3043 r = path_extract_filename(arg_directory, &arg_machine);
3044 if (r < 0)
3045 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to extract file name from '%s': %m", arg_directory);
3046 }
3047
3048 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
3049 if (!hostname_is_valid(arg_machine, 0))
3050 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
3051
3052 /* Copy the machine name before the random suffix is added below, otherwise we won't be able
3053 * to match fixed config file names. */
3054 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3055 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3056 return log_oom();
3057
3058 /* Add a random suffix when this is an ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
3059 * instances at once without manually having to specify -M each time. */
3060 if (arg_ephemeral)
3061 if (strextendf(&arg_machine, "-%016" PRIx64, random_u64()) < 0)
3062 return log_oom();
3063 } else {
3064 arg_settings_filename = strjoin(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3065 if (!arg_settings_filename)
3066 return log_oom();
3067 }
3068
3069 return 0;
3070 }
3071
3072 static int chase_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
3073 char *chased;
3074 int r;
3075
3076 assert(p);
3077
3078 if (!*p)
3079 return 0;
3080
3081 r = chase(*p, NULL, flags, &chased, NULL);
3082 if (r < 0)
3083 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
3084
3085 return free_and_replace(*p, chased);
3086 }
3087
3088 static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
3089
3090 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3091 arg_uid_shift = 0;
3092 return 0;
3093 }
3094
3095 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
3096 struct stat st;
3097
3098 /* Read the UID shift off the image. Maybe we can reuse this to avoid chowning. */
3099
3100 if (stat(directory, &st) < 0)
3101 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
3102
3103 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
3104
3105 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
3106 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3107 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
3108
3109 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
3110
3111 if (arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3112 /* If the image is shifted already, then we'll fall back to classic chowning, for
3113 * compatibility (and simplicity), or refuse if mapping is explicitly requested. */
3114
3115 if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) {
3116 log_debug("UID base of %s is non-zero, not using UID mapping.", directory);
3117 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3118 } else if (arg_userns_ownership == USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP)
3119 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
3120 "UID base of %s is not zero, UID mapping not supported.", directory);
3121 }
3122 }
3123
3124 if (!userns_shift_range_valid(arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range))
3125 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "UID base too high for UID range.");
3126
3127 return 0;
3128 }
3129
3130 static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
3131 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
3132
3133 if (arg_private_network)
3134 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
3135 if (arg_use_cgns)
3136 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
3137 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
3138 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
3139
3140 return flags;
3141 }
3142
3143 static int patch_sysctl(void) {
3144
3145 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
3146 static const struct {
3147 const char *key;
3148 bool prefix;
3149 unsigned long clone_flags;
3150 } safe_sysctl[] = {
3151 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3152 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
3153 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3154 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3155 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3156 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3157 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3158 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3159 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3160 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
3161 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
3162 };
3163
3164 unsigned long flags;
3165 int r;
3166
3167 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
3168
3169 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
3170 bool good = false;
3171 size_t i;
3172
3173 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
3174
3175 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
3176 continue;
3177
3178 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
3179 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3180 else
3181 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
3182
3183 if (good)
3184 break;
3185 }
3186
3187 if (!good)
3188 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
3189
3190 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
3191 if (r < 0)
3192 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
3193 }
3194
3195 return 0;
3196 }
3197
3198 static int inner_child(
3199 Barrier *barrier,
3200 int fd_inner_socket,
3201 FDSet *fds,
3202 char **os_release_pairs) {
3203
3204 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
3205 size_t n_env = 1;
3206 char *envp[] = {
3207 (char*) "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
3208 NULL, /* container */
3209 NULL, /* TERM */
3210 NULL, /* HOME */
3211 NULL, /* USER */
3212 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
3213 NULL, /* container_uuid */
3214 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
3215 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
3216 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
3217 NULL, /* CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY */
3218 NULL, /* LANG */
3219 NULL
3220 };
3221 const char *exec_target;
3222 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
3223 int r, which_failed;
3224
3225 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
3226 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
3227 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
3228 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
3229 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
3230 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
3231 * namespace.
3232 *
3233 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
3234 * unshare(). See below. */
3235
3236 assert(barrier);
3237 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
3238
3239 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
3240
3241 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3242 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
3243 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
3244
3245 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
3246 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
3247 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3248
3249 /* Become the new root user inside our namespace */
3250 r = reset_uid_gid();
3251 if (r < 0)
3252 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
3253
3254 /* Creating a new user namespace means all MS_SHARED mounts become MS_SLAVE. Let's put them
3255 * back to MS_SHARED here, since that's what we want as defaults. (This will not reconnect
3256 * propagation, but simply create new peer groups for all our mounts). */
3257 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
3258 if (r < 0)
3259 return r;
3260 }
3261
3262 r = mount_all(NULL,
3263 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
3264 arg_uid_shift,
3265 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3266 if (r < 0)
3267 return r;
3268
3269 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
3270 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
3271 if (r < 0)
3272 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
3273
3274 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
3275 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
3276 }
3277
3278 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
3279 if (r < 0)
3280 return r;
3281
3282 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
3283 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
3284 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
3285 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3286 "Parent died too early");
3287
3288 if (arg_use_cgns) {
3289 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
3290 if (r < 0)
3291 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
3292 r = mount_cgroups(
3293 "",
3294 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3295 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3296 arg_uid_shift,
3297 arg_uid_range,
3298 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3299 true);
3300 } else
3301 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
3302 if (r < 0)
3303 return r;
3304
3305 r = setup_boot_id();
3306 if (r < 0)
3307 return r;
3308
3309 r = setup_kmsg(fd_inner_socket);
3310 if (r < 0)
3311 return r;
3312
3313 r = mount_custom(
3314 "/",
3315 arg_custom_mounts,
3316 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3317 0,
3318 0,
3319 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3320 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY | MOUNT_IN_USERNS);
3321 if (r < 0)
3322 return r;
3323
3324 if (setsid() < 0)
3325 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
3326
3327 if (arg_private_network)
3328 (void) loopback_setup();
3329
3330 if (arg_expose_ports) {
3331 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(fd_inner_socket);
3332 if (r < 0)
3333 return r;
3334 }
3335
3336 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3337 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
3338 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
3339
3340 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
3341 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
3342 if (master < 0)
3343 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
3344
3345 r = setup_dev_console(console);
3346 if (r < 0)
3347 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up /dev/console: %m");
3348
3349 r = send_one_fd(fd_inner_socket, master, 0);
3350 if (r < 0)
3351 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
3352
3353 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
3354 if (r < 0)
3355 return r;
3356 }
3357
3358 r = patch_sysctl();
3359 if (r < 0)
3360 return r;
3361
3362 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
3363 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
3364 if (r < 0)
3365 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
3366 }
3367
3368 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
3369 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
3370 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
3371
3372 (void) setup_hostname();
3373
3374 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
3375 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
3376 if (r < 0)
3377 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3378 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY
3379 } else if (arg_architecture == ARCHITECTURE_SECONDARY) {
3380 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
3381 if (r < 0)
3382 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
3383 #endif
3384 } else if (!arg_quiet && arg_architecture >= 0 && arg_architecture != native_architecture())
3385 log_notice("Selected architecture '%s' not supported natively on the local CPU, assuming "
3386 "invocation with qemu userspace emulator (or equivalent) in effect.",
3387 architecture_to_string(arg_architecture));
3388
3389 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
3390 if (r < 0)
3391 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
3392
3393 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3394 if (arg_seccomp) {
3395
3396 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
3397 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
3398 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
3399 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3400 if (r < 0)
3401 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
3402 }
3403 } else
3404 #endif
3405 {
3406 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_allow_list, arg_syscall_deny_list);
3407 if (r < 0)
3408 return r;
3409 }
3410
3411 if (arg_suppress_sync) {
3412 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3413 r = seccomp_suppress_sync();
3414 if (r < 0)
3415 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install sync() suppression seccomp filter, ignoring: %m");
3416 #else
3417 log_debug("systemd is built without SECCOMP support. Ignoring --suppress-sync= command line option and SuppressSync= setting.");
3418 #endif
3419 }
3420
3421 #if HAVE_SELINUX
3422 if (arg_selinux_context)
3423 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
3424 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
3425 #endif
3426
3427 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3428 * if we need to later on. */
3429 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3430 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3431
3432 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3433 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE);
3434 else
3435 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE, &home);
3436 if (r < 0)
3437 return r;
3438
3439 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3440 if (r < 0)
3441 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3442
3443 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3444 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3445 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3446
3447 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3448 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3449
3450 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3451 if (envp[n_env])
3452 n_env++;
3453
3454 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3455 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
3456 return log_oom();
3457
3458 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3459 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
3460 asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0)
3461 return log_oom();
3462
3463 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
3464
3465 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "container_uuid=%s", SD_ID128_TO_UUID_STRING(arg_uuid)) < 0)
3466 return log_oom();
3467
3468 if (!fdset_isempty(fds)) {
3469 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3470 if (r < 0)
3471 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3472
3473 if ((asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3474 (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
3475 return log_oom();
3476 }
3477 if (asprintf(envp + n_env++, "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
3478 return log_oom();
3479
3480 if (arg_credentials.n_credentials > 0) {
3481 envp[n_env] = strdup("CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY=/run/host/credentials");
3482 if (!envp[n_env])
3483 return log_oom();
3484 n_env++;
3485 }
3486
3487 if (arg_start_mode != START_BOOT) {
3488 envp[n_env] = strdup("LANG=" SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCALE);
3489 if (!envp[n_env])
3490 return log_oom();
3491 n_env++;
3492 }
3493
3494 env_use = strv_env_merge(envp, os_release_pairs, arg_setenv);
3495 if (!env_use)
3496 return log_oom();
3497
3498 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and wait until the parent is ready with the setup, too... */
3499 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
3500 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Parent died too early");
3501
3502 if (arg_chdir)
3503 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3504 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3505
3506 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
3507 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
3508 if (r < 0)
3509 return r;
3510 }
3511
3512 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
3513 /* So far our pty wasn't controlled by any process. Finally, it's time to change that, if we
3514 * are configured for that. Acquire it as controlling tty. */
3515 if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCSCTTY) < 0)
3516 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire controlling TTY: %m");
3517 }
3518
3519 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3520
3521 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3522 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3523 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
3524 log_close();
3525 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
3526 log_settle_target();
3527
3528 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3529
3530 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
3531 char **a;
3532 size_t m;
3533
3534 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3535
3536 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3537 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3538 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3539 a[1 + m] = NULL;
3540
3541 FOREACH_STRING(init,
3542 "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd",
3543 "/lib/systemd/systemd",
3544 "/sbin/init") {
3545 a[0] = (char*) init;
3546 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3547 }
3548
3549 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
3550 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
3551 const char *dollar_path;
3552
3553 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
3554
3555 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3556 * binary. */
3557 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3558 if (dollar_path) {
3559 if (setenv("PATH", dollar_path, 1) < 0)
3560 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3561 }
3562
3563 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
3564 } else {
3565 if (!arg_chdir)
3566 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3567 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
3568
3569 execle(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "-" DEFAULT_USER_SHELL_NAME, NULL, env_use);
3570 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/bash"))
3571 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3572 if (!streq(DEFAULT_USER_SHELL, "/bin/sh"))
3573 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
3574
3575 exec_target = DEFAULT_USER_SHELL ", /bin/bash, /bin/sh";
3576 }
3577
3578 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
3579 }
3580
3581 static int setup_notify_child(void) {
3582 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
3583 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
3584 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3585 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
3586 };
3587 int r;
3588
3589 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3590 if (fd < 0)
3591 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3592
3593 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
3594 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
3595
3596 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3597 if (r < 0)
3598 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3599
3600 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
3601 if (r < 0)
3602 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
3603
3604 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
3605 if (r < 0)
3606 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
3607
3608 return TAKE_FD(fd);
3609 }
3610
3611 static int outer_child(
3612 Barrier *barrier,
3613 const char *directory,
3614 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
3615 int fd_outer_socket,
3616 int fd_inner_socket,
3617 FDSet *fds,
3618 int netns_fd) {
3619
3620 _cleanup_(bind_user_context_freep) BindUserContext *bind_user_context = NULL;
3621 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **os_release_pairs = NULL;
3622 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF;
3623 bool idmap = false;
3624 const char *p;
3625 pid_t pid;
3626 ssize_t l;
3627 int r;
3628
3629 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It
3630 * already has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in
3631 * the host's CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET
3632 * namespaces. After it completed a number of initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is
3633 * forked off it, and it exits. */
3634
3635 assert(barrier);
3636 assert(directory);
3637 assert(fd_outer_socket >= 0);
3638 assert(fd_inner_socket >= 0);
3639
3640 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3641
3642 r = load_os_release_pairs_with_prefix("/", "container_host_", &os_release_pairs);
3643 if (r < 0)
3644 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release from host for container, ignoring: %m");
3645
3646 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3647 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3648
3649 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3650 if (r < 0)
3651 return r;
3652
3653 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still receive mounts from the real root, but don't propagate
3654 * mounts to the real root. */
3655 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
3656 if (r < 0)
3657 return r;
3658
3659 if (dissected_image) {
3660 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the
3661 * rest. We can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest,
3662 * but then with the uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the
3663 * right place right away. This makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
3664
3665 r = dissected_image_mount_and_warn(
3666 dissected_image,
3667 directory,
3668 arg_uid_shift,
3669 arg_uid_range,
3670 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
3671 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|
3672 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3673 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3674 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3675 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
3676 if (r < 0)
3677 return r;
3678 }
3679
3680 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3681 if (r < 0)
3682 return r;
3683
3684 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3685 r = namespace_open(0, NULL, &mntns_fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
3686 if (r < 0)
3687 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pin outer mount namespace: %m");
3688
3689 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, mntns_fd, 0);
3690 if (l < 0)
3691 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send outer mount namespace fd: %m");
3692 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
3693
3694 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
3695 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3696 if (l < 0)
3697 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
3698 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3699 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3700 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
3701
3702 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
3703 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the
3704 * UID shift we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID
3705 * shift back to us, if not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
3706
3707 l = recv(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
3708 if (l < 0)
3709 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
3710 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3711 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3712 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
3713 }
3714
3715 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3716 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3717 }
3718
3719 if (path_equal(directory, "/")) {
3720 /* If the directory we shall boot is the host, let's operate on a bind mount at a different
3721 * place, so that we can make changes to its mount structure (for example, to implement
3722 * --volatile=) without this interfering with our ability to access files such as
3723 * /etc/localtime to copy into the container. Note that we use a fixed place for this
3724 * (instead of a temporary directory, since we are living in our own mount namespace here
3725 * already, and thus don't need to be afraid of colliding with anyone else's mounts). */
3726 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn-root", 0755);
3727
3728 r = mount_nofollow_verbose(LOG_ERR, "/", "/run/systemd/nspawn-root", NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
3729 if (r < 0)
3730 return r;
3731
3732 directory = "/run/systemd/nspawn-root";
3733 }
3734
3735 /* Make sure we always have a mount that we can move to root later on. */
3736 r = make_mount_point(directory);
3737 if (r < 0)
3738 return r;
3739
3740 /* So the whole tree is now MS_SLAVE, i.e. we'll still receive mount/umount events from the host
3741 * mount namespace. For the directory we are going to run our container let's turn this off, so that
3742 * we'll live in our own little world from now on, and propagation from the host may only happen via
3743 * the mount tunnel dir, or not at all. */
3744 r = mount_follow_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC, NULL);
3745 if (r < 0)
3746 return r;
3747
3748 r = setup_pivot_root(
3749 directory,
3750 arg_pivot_root_new,
3751 arg_pivot_root_old);
3752 if (r < 0)
3753 return r;
3754
3755 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3756 directory,
3757 arg_volatile_mode,
3758 arg_uid_shift,
3759 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3760 if (r < 0)
3761 return r;
3762
3763 r = bind_user_prepare(
3764 directory,
3765 arg_bind_user,
3766 arg_uid_shift,
3767 arg_uid_range,
3768 &arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts,
3769 &bind_user_context);
3770 if (r < 0)
3771 return r;
3772
3773 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && bind_user_context) {
3774 /* Send the user maps we determined to the parent, so that it installs it in our user
3775 * namespace UID map table */
3776
3777 for (size_t i = 0; i < bind_user_context->n_data; i++) {
3778 uid_t map[] = {
3779 bind_user_context->data[i].payload_user->uid,
3780 bind_user_context->data[i].host_user->uid,
3781 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].payload_group->gid,
3782 (uid_t) bind_user_context->data[i].host_group->gid,
3783 };
3784
3785 l = send(fd_outer_socket, map, sizeof(map), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3786 if (l < 0)
3787 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send user UID map: %m");
3788 if (l != sizeof(map))
3789 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3790 "Short write while sending user UID map.");
3791 }
3792 }
3793
3794 r = mount_custom(
3795 directory,
3796 arg_custom_mounts,
3797 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3798 arg_uid_shift,
3799 arg_uid_range,
3800 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3801 MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY);
3802 if (r < 0)
3803 return r;
3804
3805 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO &&
3806 IN_SET(arg_userns_ownership, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_MAP, USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO) &&
3807 arg_uid_shift != 0) {
3808 _cleanup_free_ char *usr_subtree = NULL;
3809 char *dirs[3];
3810 size_t i = 0;
3811
3812 dirs[i++] = (char*) directory;
3813
3814 if (dissected_image && dissected_image->partitions[PARTITION_USR].found) {
3815 usr_subtree = path_join(directory, "/usr");
3816 if (!usr_subtree)
3817 return log_oom();
3818
3819 dirs[i++] = usr_subtree;
3820 }
3821
3822 dirs[i] = NULL;
3823
3824 r = remount_idmap(dirs, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range, UID_INVALID, REMOUNT_IDMAPPING_HOST_ROOT);
3825 if (r == -EINVAL || ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(r)) {
3826 /* This might fail because the kernel or file system doesn't support idmapping. We
3827 * can't really distinguish this nicely, nor do we have any guarantees about the
3828 * error codes we see, could be EOPNOTSUPP or EINVAL. */
3829 if (arg_userns_ownership != USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_AUTO)
3830 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
3831 "ID mapped mounts are apparently not available, sorry.");
3832
3833 log_debug("ID mapped mounts are apparently not available on this kernel or for the selected file system, reverting to recursive chown()ing.");
3834 arg_userns_ownership = USER_NAMESPACE_OWNERSHIP_CHOWN;
3835 } else if (r < 0)
3836 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up ID mapped mounts: %m");
3837 else {
3838 log_debug("ID mapped mounts available, making use of them.");
3839 idmap = true;
3840 }
3841 }
3842
3843 if (dissected_image) {
3844 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
3845 r = dissected_image_mount(
3846 dissected_image,
3847 directory,
3848 arg_uid_shift,
3849 arg_uid_range,
3850 /* userns_fd= */ -EBADF,
3851 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|
3852 DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3853 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT|
3854 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK|DISSECT_IMAGE_GROWFS)|
3855 (idmap ? DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_IDMAPPED : 0));
3856 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
3857 return log_error_errno(r, "File system check for image failed: %m");
3858 if (r < 0)
3859 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image file system: %m");
3860 }
3861
3862 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3863 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3864
3865 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3866 if (r < 0)
3867 return r;
3868
3869 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3870 if (l < 0)
3871 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
3872 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3873 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3874 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
3875 }
3876
3877 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3878 if (r < 0)
3879 return r;
3880
3881 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3882 if (r < 0)
3883 return r;
3884
3885 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO &&
3886 !has_custom_root_mount(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts)) {
3887 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
3888 if (r < 0)
3889 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
3890 }
3891
3892 r = mount_all(directory,
3893 arg_mount_settings,
3894 arg_uid_shift,
3895 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3896 if (r < 0)
3897 return r;
3898
3899 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
3900 if (r < 0)
3901 return r;
3902
3903 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
3904 if (r < 0)
3905 return r;
3906
3907 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3908
3909 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host");
3910 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(p, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3911
3912 r = setup_pts(directory);
3913 if (r < 0)
3914 return r;
3915
3916 r = mount_tunnel_dig(directory);
3917 if (r < 0)
3918 return r;
3919
3920 r = setup_keyring();
3921 if (r < 0)
3922 return r;
3923
3924 r = setup_credentials(directory);
3925 if (r < 0)
3926 return r;
3927
3928 r = bind_user_setup(bind_user_context, directory);
3929 if (r < 0)
3930 return r;
3931
3932 r = mount_custom(
3933 directory,
3934 arg_custom_mounts,
3935 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3936 arg_uid_shift,
3937 arg_uid_range,
3938 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3939 MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY);
3940 if (r < 0)
3941 return r;
3942
3943 r = setup_timezone(directory);
3944 if (r < 0)
3945 return r;
3946
3947 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
3948 if (r < 0)
3949 return r;
3950
3951 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
3952 if (r < 0)
3953 return r;
3954
3955 r = setup_journal(directory);
3956 if (r < 0)
3957 return r;
3958
3959 /* The same stuff as the $container env var, but nicely readable for the entire payload */
3960 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-manager");
3961 (void) write_string_file(p, arg_container_service_name, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444);
3962
3963 /* The same stuff as the $container_uuid env var */
3964 p = prefix_roota(directory, "/run/host/container-uuid");
3965 (void) write_string_filef(p, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE|WRITE_STRING_FILE_MODE_0444, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_uuid));
3966
3967 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
3968 r = mount_cgroups(
3969 directory,
3970 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3971 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3972 arg_uid_shift,
3973 arg_uid_range,
3974 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3975 false);
3976 if (r < 0)
3977 return r;
3978 }
3979
3980 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is required to make new bind
3981 * mounts available in systemd services inside the container that create a new mount namespace. See
3982 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860 Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this
3983 * will inherit the shared propagation mode.
3984 *
3985 * IMPORTANT: Do not overmount the root directory anymore from now on to enable moving the root
3986 * directory mount to root later on.
3987 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3847#issuecomment-562735251
3988 */
3989 r = mount_switch_root(directory, MS_SHARED);
3990 if (r < 0)
3991 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
3992
3993 /* We finished setting up the rootfs which is a shared mount. The mount tunnel needs to be a
3994 * dependent mount otherwise we can't MS_MOVE mounts that were propagated from the host into
3995 * the container. */
3996 r = mount_tunnel_open();
3997 if (r < 0)
3998 return r;
3999
4000 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4001 /* In order to mount procfs and sysfs in an unprivileged container the kernel
4002 * requires that a fully visible instance is already present in the target mount
4003 * namespace. Mount one here so the inner child can mount its own instances. Later
4004 * we umount the temporary instances created here before we actually exec the
4005 * payload. Since the rootfs is shared the umount will propagate into the container.
4006 * Note, the inner child wouldn't be able to unmount the instances on its own since
4007 * it doesn't own the originating mount namespace. IOW, the outer child needs to do
4008 * this. */
4009 r = pin_fully_visible_fs();
4010 if (r < 0)
4011 return r;
4012 }
4013
4014 fd = setup_notify_child();
4015 if (fd < 0)
4016 return fd;
4017
4018 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
4019 arg_clone_ns_flags |
4020 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
4021 if (pid < 0)
4022 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
4023 if (pid == 0) {
4024 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
4025
4026 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are requested, so that we all are owned by the
4027 * user if user namespaces are turned on. */
4028
4029 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4030 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, netns_fd, -1, -1);
4031 if (r < 0)
4032 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
4033 }
4034
4035 r = inner_child(barrier, fd_inner_socket, fds, os_release_pairs);
4036 if (r < 0)
4037 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4038
4039 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4040 }
4041
4042 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4043 if (l < 0)
4044 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
4045 if (l != sizeof(pid))
4046 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4047 "Short write while sending PID.");
4048
4049 l = send(fd_outer_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4050 if (l < 0)
4051 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
4052 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4053 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4054 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
4055
4056 l = send_one_fd(fd_outer_socket, fd, 0);
4057 if (l < 0)
4058 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
4059
4060 fd_outer_socket = safe_close(fd_outer_socket);
4061 fd_inner_socket = safe_close(fd_inner_socket);
4062 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
4063
4064 return 0;
4065 }
4066
4067 static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
4068 bool tried_hashed = false;
4069 unsigned n_tries = 100;
4070 uid_t candidate;
4071 int r;
4072
4073 assert(shift);
4074 assert(ret_lock_file);
4075 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
4076 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
4077
4078 candidate = *shift;
4079
4080 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
4081
4082 for (;;) {
4083 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4084 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4085
4086 if (--n_tries <= 0)
4087 return -EBUSY;
4088
4089 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
4090 goto next;
4091 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
4092 goto next;
4093
4094 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
4095 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
4096 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
4097 goto next;
4098 if (r < 0)
4099 return r;
4100
4101 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
4102 if (getpwuid(candidate))
4103 goto next;
4104 if (getpwuid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4105 goto next;
4106 if (getgrgid(candidate))
4107 goto next;
4108 if (getgrgid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
4109 goto next;
4110
4111 *ret_lock_file = lf;
4112 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4113 *shift = candidate;
4114 return 0;
4115
4116 next:
4117 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
4118 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
4119
4120 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
4121 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
4122 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
4123 };
4124
4125 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
4126
4127 tried_hashed = true;
4128 } else
4129 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
4130
4131 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
4132 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
4133 }
4134 }
4135
4136 static int add_one_uid_map(
4137 char **p,
4138 uid_t container_uid,
4139 uid_t host_uid,
4140 uid_t range) {
4141
4142 return strextendf(p,
4143 UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n",
4144 container_uid, host_uid, range);
4145 }
4146
4147 static int make_uid_map_string(
4148 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4149 size_t n_bind_user_uid,
4150 size_t offset,
4151 char **ret) {
4152
4153 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4154 uid_t previous_uid = 0;
4155 int r;
4156
4157 assert(n_bind_user_uid == 0 || bind_user_uid);
4158 assert(IN_SET(offset, 0, 2)); /* used to switch between UID and GID map */
4159 assert(ret);
4160
4161 /* The bind_user_uid[] array is a series of 4 uid_t values, for each --bind-user= entry one
4162 * quadruplet, consisting of host and container UID + GID. */
4163
4164 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4165 uid_t payload_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset],
4166 host_uid = bind_user_uid[i*4+offset+1];
4167
4168 assert(previous_uid <= payload_uid);
4169 assert(payload_uid < arg_uid_range);
4170
4171 /* Add a range to close the gap to previous entry */
4172 if (payload_uid > previous_uid) {
4173 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, payload_uid - previous_uid);
4174 if (r < 0)
4175 return r;
4176 }
4177
4178 /* Map this specific user */
4179 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, payload_uid, host_uid, 1);
4180 if (r < 0)
4181 return r;
4182
4183 previous_uid = payload_uid + 1;
4184 }
4185
4186 /* And add a range to close the gap to finish the range */
4187 if (arg_uid_range > previous_uid) {
4188 r = add_one_uid_map(&s, previous_uid, arg_uid_shift + previous_uid, arg_uid_range - previous_uid);
4189 if (r < 0)
4190 return r;
4191 }
4192
4193 assert(s);
4194
4195 *ret = TAKE_PTR(s);
4196 return 0;
4197 }
4198
4199 static int setup_uid_map(
4200 pid_t pid,
4201 const uid_t bind_user_uid[],
4202 size_t n_bind_user_uid) {
4203
4204 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
4205 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4206 int r;
4207
4208 assert(pid > 1);
4209
4210 /* Build the UID map string */
4211 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 0, &s) < 0) /* offset=0 contains the UID pair */
4212 return log_oom();
4213
4214 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
4215 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4216 if (r < 0)
4217 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
4218
4219 /* And now build the GID map string */
4220 s = mfree(s);
4221 if (make_uid_map_string(bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid, 2, &s) < 0) /* offset=2 contains the GID pair */
4222 return log_oom();
4223
4224 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
4225 r = write_string_file(uid_map, s, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
4226 if (r < 0)
4227 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
4228
4229 return 0;
4230 }
4231
4232 static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
4233 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
4234 char *p = NULL;
4235 struct iovec iovec = {
4236 .iov_base = buf,
4237 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
4238 };
4239 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
4240 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
4241 struct msghdr msghdr = {
4242 .msg_iov = &iovec,
4243 .msg_iovlen = 1,
4244 .msg_control = &control,
4245 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
4246 };
4247 struct ucred *ucred;
4248 ssize_t n;
4249 pid_t inner_child_pid;
4250 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
4251 int r;
4252
4253 assert(userdata);
4254
4255 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
4256
4257 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
4258 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
4259 return 0;
4260 }
4261
4262 n = recvmsg_safe(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
4263 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_TRANSIENT(n))
4264 return 0;
4265 else if (n == -EXFULL) {
4266 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
4267 return 0;
4268 } else if (n < 0)
4269 return log_warning_errno(n, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
4270
4271 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
4272
4273 ucred = CMSG_FIND_DATA(&msghdr, SOL_SOCKET, SCM_CREDENTIALS, struct ucred);
4274 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
4275 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
4276 return 0;
4277 }
4278
4279 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
4280 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
4281 return 0;
4282 }
4283
4284 buf[n] = 0;
4285 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
4286 if (!tags)
4287 return log_oom();
4288
4289 if (strv_contains(tags, "READY=1")) {
4290 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4291 if (r < 0)
4292 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
4293 }
4294
4295 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
4296 if (p)
4297 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
4298
4299 return 0;
4300 }
4301
4302 static int setup_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
4303 int r;
4304
4305 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
4306 if (r < 0)
4307 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
4308
4309 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
4310
4311 return 0;
4312 }
4313
4314 static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
4315 int rl;
4316
4317 assert(settings);
4318 assert(path);
4319
4320 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
4321 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
4322
4323 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
4324 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
4325 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
4326 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
4327 }
4328
4329 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0 &&
4330 settings->ephemeral >= 0)
4331 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
4332
4333 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4334 settings->root) {
4335
4336 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4337 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4338 else
4339 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
4340 }
4341
4342 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
4343 settings->pivot_root_new) {
4344 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
4345 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
4346 }
4347
4348 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
4349 settings->working_directory)
4350 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
4351
4352 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
4353 settings->environment)
4354 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
4355
4356 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
4357
4358 if (settings->user)
4359 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
4360
4361 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
4362 arg_uid = settings->uid;
4363 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
4364 arg_gid = settings->gid;
4365 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
4366 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
4367 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
4368 }
4369 }
4370
4371 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
4372 uint64_t plus, minus;
4373 uint64_t network_minus = 0;
4374 uint64_t ambient;
4375
4376 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
4377 * Settings structure */
4378
4379 plus = settings->capability;
4380 minus = settings->drop_capability;
4381
4382 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4383 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4384 if (settings_private_network(settings))
4385 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4386 else
4387 network_minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
4388 }
4389
4390 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
4391 if (settings->capability != 0)
4392 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4393 } else {
4394 arg_caps_retain &= ~network_minus;
4395 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
4396 }
4397
4398 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
4399
4400 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
4401 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
4402 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4403 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4404 else
4405 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
4406 }
4407
4408 ambient = settings->ambient_capability;
4409 if (!arg_settings_trusted && ambient != 0)
4410 log_warning("Ignoring AmbientCapability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4411 else
4412 arg_caps_ambient |= ambient;
4413 }
4414
4415 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
4416 settings->kill_signal > 0)
4417 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
4418
4419 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
4420 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
4421 arg_personality = settings->personality;
4422
4423 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
4424 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
4425
4426 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4427 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4428 else
4429 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
4430 }
4431
4432 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
4433 settings->read_only >= 0)
4434 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
4435
4436 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
4437 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
4438 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
4439
4440 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
4441 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
4442
4443 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4444 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4445 else {
4446 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
4447 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
4448 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
4449 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
4450 }
4451 }
4452
4453 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
4454 settings_network_configured(settings)) {
4455
4456 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4457 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4458 else {
4459 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
4460 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
4461
4462 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
4463 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
4464 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
4465 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
4466
4467 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
4468 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
4469
4470 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
4471 }
4472 }
4473
4474 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
4475 settings->expose_ports) {
4476
4477 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4478 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4479 else {
4480 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
4481 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
4482 }
4483 }
4484
4485 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
4486 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
4487
4488 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4489 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4490 else {
4491 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
4492 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
4493 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
4494 arg_userns_ownership = settings->userns_ownership;
4495 }
4496 }
4497
4498 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_BIND_USER) == 0 &&
4499 !strv_isempty(settings->bind_user))
4500 strv_free_and_replace(arg_bind_user, settings->bind_user);
4501
4502 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0 &&
4503 settings->notify_ready >= 0)
4504 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
4505
4506 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
4507
4508 if (!strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list) || !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_deny_list)) {
4509 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_allow_list))
4510 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4511 else {
4512 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_allow_list, settings->syscall_allow_list);
4513 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_deny_list, settings->syscall_deny_list);
4514 }
4515 }
4516
4517 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
4518 if (settings->seccomp) {
4519 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4520 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
4521 else {
4522 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
4523 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
4524 }
4525 }
4526 #endif
4527 }
4528
4529 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
4530 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
4531 continue;
4532
4533 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
4534 continue;
4535
4536 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
4537 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
4538 continue;
4539 }
4540
4541 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
4542 }
4543
4544 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
4545 settings->hostname)
4546 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
4547
4548 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
4549 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
4550 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
4551
4552 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
4553 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
4554
4555 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4556 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4557 else {
4558 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
4559 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
4560 }
4561 }
4562
4563 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
4564 settings->cpu_set.set) {
4565
4566 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4567 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4568 else {
4569 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
4570 arg_cpu_set = TAKE_STRUCT(settings->cpu_set);
4571 }
4572 }
4573
4574 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
4575 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
4576 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
4577
4578 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
4579 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
4580
4581 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4582 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4583 else {
4584 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
4585 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
4586 }
4587 }
4588
4589 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
4590 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
4591 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
4592
4593 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
4594 settings->slice) {
4595
4596 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4597 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4598 else
4599 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
4600 }
4601
4602 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
4603 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
4604
4605 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4606 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4607 else
4608 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
4609 }
4610
4611 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
4612 settings->clone_ns_flags != ULONG_MAX) {
4613
4614 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4615 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4616 else
4617 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
4618 }
4619
4620 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
4621 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
4622
4623 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
4624 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
4625 else
4626 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
4627 }
4628
4629 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SUPPRESS_SYNC) == 0 &&
4630 settings->suppress_sync >= 0)
4631 arg_suppress_sync = settings->suppress_sync;
4632
4633 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
4634 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
4635
4636 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
4637 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
4638
4639 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
4640 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
4641
4642 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
4643 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
4644 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
4645 settings->n_extra_nodes = 0;
4646
4647 return 0;
4648 }
4649
4650 static int load_settings(void) {
4651 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4652 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
4653 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
4654 int r;
4655
4656 if (arg_oci_bundle)
4657 return 0;
4658
4659 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
4660 * the settings file */
4661 if (FLAGS_SET(arg_settings_mask, _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL))
4662 return 0;
4663
4664 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
4665 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
4666 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
4667
4668 j = path_join(i, arg_settings_filename);
4669 if (!j)
4670 return log_oom();
4671
4672 f = fopen(j, "re");
4673 if (f) {
4674 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
4675
4676 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
4677 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4678 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4679
4680 break;
4681 }
4682
4683 if (errno != ENOENT)
4684 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4685 }
4686
4687 if (!f) {
4688 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4689 * actual image we shall boot. */
4690
4691 if (arg_image) {
4692 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4693 if (r < 0)
4694 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from image path: %m");
4695 } else if (arg_directory) {
4696 r = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, arg_settings_filename, &p);
4697 if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL) /* if directory is root fs, don't complain */
4698 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate settings path from directory path: %m");
4699 }
4700
4701 if (p) {
4702 f = fopen(p, "re");
4703 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4704 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4705
4706 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4707 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4708 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4709 }
4710 }
4711
4712 if (!f)
4713 return 0;
4714
4715 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4716
4717 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4718 if (r < 0)
4719 return r;
4720
4721 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4722 }
4723
4724 static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4725 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4726 int r;
4727
4728 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4729 return 0;
4730
4731 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4732 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4733 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4734
4735 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4736 if (r < 0)
4737 return r;
4738
4739 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4740 }
4741
4742 static int run_container(
4743 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
4744 FDSet *fds,
4745 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
4746 struct ExposeArgs *expose_args,
4747 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
4748
4749 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4750 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
4751 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
4752 };
4753
4754 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4755 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -EBADF;
4756 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
4757 fd_inner_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR,
4758 fd_outer_socket_pair[2] = EBADF_PAIR;
4759
4760 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -EBADF, mntns_fd = -EBADF, fd_kmsg_fifo = -EBADF;
4761 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
4762 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
4763 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4764 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4765 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
4766 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
4767 _cleanup_free_ uid_t *bind_user_uid = NULL;
4768 size_t n_bind_user_uid = 0;
4769 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
4770 int ifi = 0, r;
4771 ssize_t l;
4772 sigset_t mask_chld;
4773 _cleanup_close_ int child_netns_fd = -EBADF;
4774
4775 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4776 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4777
4778 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4779 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4780 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4781 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4782 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4783 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4784 * really ours. */
4785
4786 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4787 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4788 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4789 }
4790
4791 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4792 if (r < 0)
4793 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4794
4795 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_inner_socket_pair) < 0)
4796 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inner socket pair: %m");
4797
4798 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fd_outer_socket_pair) < 0)
4799 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create outer socket pair: %m");
4800
4801 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4802 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4803 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4804 if (r < 0)
4805 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4806
4807 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4808 if (r < 0)
4809 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4810
4811 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4812 child_netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4813 if (child_netns_fd < 0)
4814 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4815
4816 r = fd_is_ns(child_netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET);
4817 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4818 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4819 else if (r < 0)
4820 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4821 else if (r == 0)
4822 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4823 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4824 }
4825
4826 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4827 if (*pid < 0)
4828 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4829 errno == EINVAL ?
4830 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4831
4832 if (*pid == 0) {
4833 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4834 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4835
4836 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
4837 fd_outer_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[0]);
4838
4839 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4840 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4841
4842 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4843 arg_directory,
4844 dissected_image,
4845 fd_outer_socket_pair[1],
4846 fd_inner_socket_pair[1],
4847 fds,
4848 child_netns_fd);
4849 if (r < 0)
4850 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4851
4852 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4853 }
4854
4855 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4856
4857 fdset_close(fds);
4858
4859 fd_inner_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[1]);
4860 fd_outer_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(fd_outer_socket_pair[1]);
4861
4862 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4863 mntns_fd = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
4864 if (mntns_fd < 0)
4865 return log_error_errno(mntns_fd, "Failed to receive mount namespace fd from outer child: %m");
4866
4867 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
4868 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
4869 if (l < 0)
4870 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
4871 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4872 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
4873
4874 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4875 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
4876 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
4877 * which one we now picked. */
4878
4879 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
4880 if (r < 0)
4881 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
4882
4883 l = send(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4884 if (l < 0)
4885 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
4886 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4887 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
4888 }
4889
4890 n_bind_user_uid = strv_length(arg_bind_user);
4891 if (n_bind_user_uid > 0) {
4892 /* Right after the UID shift, we'll receive the list of UID mappings for the
4893 * --bind-user= logic. Always a quadruplet of payload and host UID + GID. */
4894
4895 bind_user_uid = new(uid_t, n_bind_user_uid*4);
4896 if (!bind_user_uid)
4897 return log_oom();
4898
4899 for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bind_user_uid; i++) {
4900 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], bind_user_uid + i*4, sizeof(uid_t)*4, 0);
4901 if (l < 0)
4902 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read user UID map pair: %m");
4903 if (l != sizeof(uid_t)*4)
4904 return log_full_errno(l == 0 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
4905 SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
4906 "Short read while reading bind user UID pairs.");
4907 }
4908 }
4909 }
4910
4911 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
4912 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
4913 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
4914 if (l < 0)
4915 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
4916 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
4917 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zi bytes).%s",
4918 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
4919 }
4920
4921 /* Wait for the outer child. */
4922 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
4923 if (r < 0)
4924 return r;
4925 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4926 return -EIO;
4927
4928 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
4929 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
4930 if (l < 0)
4931 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
4932 if (l != sizeof *pid)
4933 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
4934
4935 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
4936 l = recv(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
4937 if (l < 0)
4938 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
4939 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4940 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
4941
4942 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
4943 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(fd_outer_socket_pair[0], 0);
4944 if (notify_socket < 0)
4945 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
4946 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
4947
4948 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
4949
4950 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4951 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
4952 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
4953
4954 r = setup_uid_map(*pid, bind_user_uid, n_bind_user_uid);
4955 if (r < 0)
4956 return r;
4957
4958 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
4959 }
4960
4961 if (arg_private_network) {
4962 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
4963 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
4964 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
4965 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
4966 }
4967
4968 if (child_netns_fd < 0) {
4969 /* Make sure we have an open file descriptor to the child's network
4970 * namespace so it stays alive even if the child exits. */
4971 r = namespace_open(*pid, NULL, NULL, &child_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
4972 if (r < 0)
4973 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open child network namespace: %m");
4974 }
4975
4976 r = move_network_interfaces(child_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
4977 if (r < 0)
4978 return r;
4979
4980 if (arg_network_veth) {
4981 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
4982 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone, &arg_network_provided_mac);
4983 if (r < 0)
4984 return r;
4985 else if (r > 0)
4986 ifi = r;
4987
4988 if (arg_network_bridge) {
4989 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
4990 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
4991 if (r < 0)
4992 return r;
4993 if (r > 0)
4994 ifi = r;
4995 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
4996 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
4997 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
4998 if (r < 0)
4999 return r;
5000 if (r > 0)
5001 ifi = r;
5002 }
5003 }
5004
5005 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
5006 if (r < 0)
5007 return r;
5008
5009 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
5010 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
5011 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
5012 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
5013 *veth_created = true;
5014
5015 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
5016 if (r < 0)
5017 return r;
5018
5019 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
5020 if (r < 0)
5021 return r;
5022 }
5023
5024 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
5025 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
5026 if (r < 0)
5027 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
5028
5029 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
5030 if (r < 0)
5031 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
5032 }
5033
5034 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5035 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
5036 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
5037 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
5038
5039 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
5040 bus,
5041 NULL,
5042 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
5043 NULL,
5044 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
5045 "RequestStop",
5046 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5047 if (r < 0)
5048 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
5049 }
5050
5051 if (arg_register) {
5052 r = register_machine(
5053 bus,
5054 arg_machine,
5055 *pid,
5056 arg_directory,
5057 arg_uuid,
5058 ifi,
5059 arg_slice,
5060 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5061 arg_kill_signal,
5062 arg_property,
5063 arg_property_message,
5064 arg_keep_unit,
5065 arg_container_service_name,
5066 arg_start_mode);
5067 if (r < 0)
5068 return r;
5069
5070 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
5071 r = allocate_scope(
5072 bus,
5073 arg_machine,
5074 *pid,
5075 arg_slice,
5076 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
5077 arg_kill_signal,
5078 arg_property,
5079 arg_property_message,
5080 /* allow_pidfds= */ true,
5081 arg_start_mode);
5082 if (r < 0)
5083 return r;
5084
5085 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
5086 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
5087
5088 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
5089 if (r < 0)
5090 return r;
5091
5092 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5093 if (r < 0)
5094 return r;
5095
5096 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
5097 if (r < 0)
5098 return r;
5099
5100 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
5101 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
5102 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
5103 * run inside the container. */
5104 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
5105
5106 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
5107 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
5108 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
5109
5110 /* Reset signal to default */
5111 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD);
5112 if (r < 0)
5113 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
5114
5115 r = sd_event_new(&event);
5116 if (r < 0)
5117 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
5118
5119 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
5120
5121 if (bus) {
5122 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
5123 if (r < 0)
5124 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
5125 }
5126
5127 r = setup_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
5128 if (r < 0)
5129 return r;
5130
5131 /* Wait that the child is completely ready now, and has mounted their own copies of procfs and so on,
5132 * before we take the fully visible instances away. */
5133 if (!barrier_sync(&barrier)) /* #5.1 */
5134 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5135
5136 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
5137 r = wipe_fully_visible_fs(mntns_fd);
5138 if (r < 0)
5139 return r;
5140 mntns_fd = safe_close(mntns_fd);
5141 }
5142
5143 /* And now let the child know that we completed removing the procfs instances, and it can start the
5144 * payload. */
5145 if (!barrier_place(&barrier)) /* #5.2 */
5146 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
5147
5148 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-systemd/systemd-machined.service
5149 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
5150 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
5151
5152 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
5153 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
5154 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
5155 if (!arg_notify_ready) {
5156 r = sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
5157 if (r < 0)
5158 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
5159 }
5160
5161 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
5162 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
5163 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5164 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5165 } else {
5166 /* Immediately exit */
5167 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
5168 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
5169 }
5170
5171 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGRTMIN+18, sigrtmin18_handler, NULL);
5172
5173 r = sd_event_add_memory_pressure(event, NULL, NULL, NULL);
5174 if (r < 0)
5175 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed allocate memory pressure event source, ignoring: %m");
5176
5177 /* Exit when the child exits */
5178 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
5179
5180 /* Retrieve the kmsg fifo allocated by inner child */
5181 fd_kmsg_fifo = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5182 if (fd_kmsg_fifo < 0)
5183 return log_error_errno(fd_kmsg_fifo, "Failed to receive kmsg fifo from inner child: %m");
5184
5185 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5186 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, fd_inner_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, expose_args, &rtnl);
5187 if (r < 0)
5188 return r;
5189
5190 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5191 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, &expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5192 }
5193
5194 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
5195 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
5196 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
5197
5198 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
5199 fd = receive_one_fd(fd_inner_socket_pair[0], 0);
5200 if (fd < 0)
5201 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
5202
5203 switch (arg_console_mode) {
5204
5205 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
5206 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
5207
5208 _fallthrough_;
5209
5210 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
5211 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
5212
5213 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
5214 if (r < 0)
5215 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
5216
5217 if (arg_console_width != UINT_MAX || arg_console_height != UINT_MAX)
5218 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(forward,
5219 arg_console_width,
5220 arg_console_height);
5221 break;
5222
5223 default:
5224 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
5225 }
5226
5227 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
5228 }
5229
5230 fd_inner_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(fd_inner_socket_pair[0]);
5231
5232 r = sd_event_loop(event);
5233 if (r < 0)
5234 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
5235
5236 if (forward) {
5237 char last_char = 0;
5238
5239 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
5240 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
5241
5242 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
5243 putc('\n', stdout);
5244 }
5245
5246 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
5247 if (!arg_register && !arg_keep_unit && bus)
5248 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
5249
5250 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
5251 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
5252
5253 fd_kmsg_fifo = safe_close(fd_kmsg_fifo);
5254
5255 if (arg_private_network) {
5256 /* Move network interfaces back to the parent network namespace. We use `safe_fork`
5257 * to avoid having to move the parent to the child network namespace. */
5258 r = safe_fork(NULL, FORK_RESET_SIGNALS|FORK_DEATHSIG_SIGTERM|FORK_WAIT|FORK_LOG, NULL);
5259 if (r < 0)
5260 return r;
5261
5262 if (r == 0) {
5263 _cleanup_close_ int parent_netns_fd = -EBADF;
5264
5265 r = namespace_open(getpid_cached(), NULL, NULL, &parent_netns_fd, NULL, NULL);
5266 if (r < 0) {
5267 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open parent network namespace: %m");
5268 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5269 }
5270
5271 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, child_netns_fd, -1, -1);
5272 if (r < 0) {
5273 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enter child network namespace: %m");
5274 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5275 }
5276
5277 /* Reverse network interfaces pair list so that interfaces get their initial name back.
5278 * This is about ensuring interfaces get their old name back when being moved back. */
5279 arg_network_interfaces = strv_reverse(arg_network_interfaces);
5280
5281 r = move_network_interfaces(parent_netns_fd, arg_network_interfaces);
5282 if (r < 0)
5283 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move network interfaces back to parent network namespace: %m");
5284
5285 _exit(r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS);
5286 }
5287 }
5288
5289 r = wait_for_container(TAKE_PID(*pid), &container_status);
5290
5291 /* Tell machined that we are gone. */
5292 if (bus)
5293 (void) unregister_machine(bus, arg_machine);
5294
5295 if (r < 0)
5296 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
5297 return r;
5298 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
5299 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
5300 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
5301 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
5302 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
5303 */
5304 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
5305 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
5306 *ret = r;
5307 return 0; /* finito */
5308 }
5309
5310 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
5311
5312 if (arg_keep_unit) {
5313 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
5314 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
5315 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
5316 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
5317 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
5318 * set we want to have flushed out. */
5319 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
5320 return 0; /* finito */
5321 }
5322
5323 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args->address4);
5324 expose_port_flush(&expose_args->fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args->address6);
5325
5326 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5327 *veth_created = false;
5328 return 1; /* loop again */
5329 }
5330
5331 static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
5332 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 5.16. Let's pass our container payload
5333 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
5334 * container execution environments. */
5335
5336 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
5337 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5338 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
5339 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5340 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5341 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5342 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5343 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, DEFAULT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK },
5344 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
5345 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
5346 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
5347 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5348 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
5349 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
5350 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
5351
5352 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
5353 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
5354 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
5355 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
5356 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
5357 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
5358 };
5359
5360 int rl, r;
5361
5362 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
5363 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
5364 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
5365 const struct rlimit *v;
5366 struct rlimit buffer;
5367
5368 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
5369 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
5370
5371 r = pid_getrlimit(1, rl, &buffer);
5372 if (r < 0)
5373 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
5374
5375 v = &buffer;
5376 } else if (rl == RLIMIT_NOFILE) {
5377 /* We nowadays bump RLIMIT_NOFILE's hard limit early in PID 1 for all
5378 * userspace. Given that nspawn containers are often run without our PID 1,
5379 * let's grant the containers a raised RLIMIT_NOFILE hard limit by default,
5380 * so that container userspace gets similar resources as host userspace
5381 * gets. */
5382 buffer = kernel_defaults[rl];
5383 buffer.rlim_max = MIN((rlim_t) read_nr_open(), (rlim_t) HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);
5384 v = &buffer;
5385 } else
5386 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
5387
5388 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
5389 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
5390 return log_oom();
5391 }
5392
5393 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
5394 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
5395
5396 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
5397 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
5398 }
5399 }
5400
5401 return 0;
5402 }
5403
5404 static int cant_be_in_netns(void) {
5405 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
5406 struct ucred ucred;
5407 int r;
5408
5409 /* Check if we are in the same netns as udev. If we aren't, then device monitoring (and thus waiting
5410 * for loopback block devices) won't work, and we will hang. Detect this case and exit early with a
5411 * nice message. */
5412
5413 if (!arg_image) /* only matters if --image= us used, i.e. we actually need to use loopback devices */
5414 return 0;
5415
5416 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5417 if (fd < 0)
5418 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate udev control socket: %m");
5419
5420 r = connect_unix_path(fd, AT_FDCWD, "/run/udev/control");
5421 if (r == -ENOENT || ERRNO_IS_NEG_DISCONNECT(r))
5422 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5423 "Sorry, but --image= requires access to the host's /run/ hierarchy, since we need access to udev.");
5424 if (r < 0)
5425 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect socket to udev control socket: %m");
5426
5427 r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
5428 if (r < 0)
5429 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine peer of udev control socket: %m");
5430
5431 r = in_same_namespace(ucred.pid, 0, NAMESPACE_NET);
5432 if (r < 0)
5433 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine network namespace of udev: %m");
5434 if (r == 0)
5435 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
5436 "Sorry, but --image= is only supported in the main network namespace, since we need access to udev/AF_NETLINK.");
5437 return 0;
5438 }
5439
5440 static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
5441 bool remove_directory = false, remove_image = false, veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
5442 _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
5443 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
5444 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5445 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
5446 struct ExposeArgs expose_args = {};
5447 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
5448 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
5449 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
5450 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
5451 _cleanup_(fw_ctx_freep) FirewallContext *fw_ctx = NULL;
5452 pid_t pid = 0;
5453
5454 log_parse_environment();
5455 log_open();
5456
5457 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5458 if (r <= 0)
5459 goto finish;
5460
5461 if (geteuid() != 0) {
5462 r = log_warning_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
5463 argc >= 2 ? "Need to be root." :
5464 "Need to be root (and some arguments are usually required).\nHint: try --help");
5465 goto finish;
5466 }
5467
5468 r = cant_be_in_netns();
5469 if (r < 0)
5470 goto finish;
5471
5472 r = initialize_rlimits();
5473 if (r < 0)
5474 goto finish;
5475
5476 r = load_oci_bundle();
5477 if (r < 0)
5478 goto finish;
5479
5480 r = pick_paths();
5481 if (r < 0)
5482 goto finish;
5483
5484 r = determine_names();
5485 if (r < 0)
5486 goto finish;
5487
5488 r = load_settings();
5489 if (r < 0)
5490 goto finish;
5491
5492 /* If we're not unsharing the network namespace and are unsharing the user namespace, we won't have
5493 * permissions to bind ports in the container, so let's drop the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability to
5494 * indicate that. */
5495 if (!arg_private_network && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && arg_uid_shift > 0)
5496 arg_caps_retain &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE);
5497
5498 r = cg_unified();
5499 if (r < 0) {
5500 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
5501 goto finish;
5502 }
5503
5504 r = verify_arguments();
5505 if (r < 0)
5506 goto finish;
5507
5508 r = verify_network_interfaces_initialized();
5509 if (r < 0)
5510 goto finish;
5511
5512 /* Reapply environment settings. */
5513 (void) detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
5514
5515 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
5516 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
5517 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
5518 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE);
5519
5520 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
5521 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
5522 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
5523 if (r < 0) {
5524 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
5525 goto finish;
5526 }
5527 }
5528
5529 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
5530 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
5531 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
5532 umask(0022);
5533
5534 if (arg_directory) {
5535 assert(!arg_image);
5536
5537 /* Safety precaution: let's not allow running images from the live host OS image, as long as
5538 * /var from the host will propagate into container dynamically (because bad things happen if
5539 * two systems write to the same /var). Let's allow it for the special cases where /var is
5540 * either copied (i.e. --ephemeral) or replaced (i.e. --volatile=yes|state). */
5541 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !(arg_ephemeral || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_STATE))) {
5542 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5543 "Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral, --volatile=yes or --volatile=state.");
5544 goto finish;
5545 }
5546
5547 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5548 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5549
5550 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
5551 if (r < 0)
5552 goto finish;
5553
5554 /* If the specified path is a mount point we generate the new snapshot immediately
5555 * inside it under a random name. However if the specified is not a mount point we
5556 * create the new snapshot in the parent directory, just next to it. */
5557 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, NULL, 0);
5558 if (r < 0) {
5559 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
5560 goto finish;
5561 }
5562 if (r > 0)
5563 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5564 else
5565 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
5566 if (r < 0) {
5567 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
5568 goto finish;
5569 }
5570
5571 /* We take an exclusive lock on this image, since it's our private, ephemeral copy
5572 * only owned by us and no one else. */
5573 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5574 if (r < 0) {
5575 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
5576 goto finish;
5577 }
5578
5579 {
5580 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5581 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_directory, AT_FDCWD, np,
5582 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5583 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5584 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5585 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5586 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5587 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5588 }
5589 if (r == -EINTR) {
5590 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", np);
5591 goto finish;
5592 }
5593 if (r < 0) {
5594 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
5595 goto finish;
5596 }
5597
5598 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
5599 remove_directory = true;
5600 } else {
5601 r = chase_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
5602 if (r < 0)
5603 goto finish;
5604
5605 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5606 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5607 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
5608 goto finish;
5609 }
5610 if (r < 0) {
5611 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
5612 goto finish;
5613 }
5614
5615 if (arg_template) {
5616 r = chase_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
5617 if (r < 0)
5618 goto finish;
5619
5620 {
5621 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5622 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot_at(AT_FDCWD, arg_template, AT_FDCWD, arg_directory,
5623 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
5624 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
5625 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
5626 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
5627 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
5628 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA |
5629 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT);
5630 }
5631 if (r == -EEXIST)
5632 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5633 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5634 else if (r == -EINTR) {
5635 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying file system tree to %s, removed again.", arg_directory);
5636 goto finish;
5637 } else if (r < 0) {
5638 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
5639 goto finish;
5640 } else
5641 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
5642 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
5643 }
5644 }
5645
5646 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
5647 _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
5648 const char *p;
5649 int check_os_release, is_os_tree;
5650
5651 if (arg_pivot_root_new) {
5652 b = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
5653 if (!b) {
5654 r = log_oom();
5655 goto finish;
5656 }
5657
5658 p = b;
5659 } else
5660 p = arg_directory;
5661
5662 check_os_release = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE");
5663 if (check_os_release < 0 && check_os_release != -ENXIO) {
5664 r = log_error_errno(check_os_release, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CHECK_OS_RELEASE: %m");
5665 goto finish;
5666 }
5667
5668 is_os_tree = path_is_os_tree(p);
5669 if (is_os_tree == 0 && check_os_release == 0)
5670 log_debug("Directory %s is missing an os-release file, continuing anyway.", p);
5671 else if (is_os_tree <= 0) {
5672 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5673 "Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
5674 goto finish;
5675 }
5676 } else {
5677 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
5678
5679 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
5680 p = path_join(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new, "/usr/");
5681 else
5682 p = path_join(arg_directory, "/usr/");
5683 if (!p) {
5684 r = log_oom();
5685 goto finish;
5686 }
5687
5688 if (laccess(p, F_OK) < 0) {
5689 r = log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
5690 "Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree (/usr/ directory is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory);
5691 goto finish;
5692 }
5693 }
5694
5695 } else {
5696 DissectImageFlags dissect_image_flags =
5697 DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
5698 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
5699 DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
5700 DISSECT_IMAGE_USR_NO_ROOT |
5701 DISSECT_IMAGE_ADD_PARTITION_DEVICES |
5702 DISSECT_IMAGE_PIN_PARTITION_DEVICES;
5703 assert(arg_image);
5704 assert(!arg_template);
5705
5706 r = chase_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
5707 if (r < 0)
5708 goto finish;
5709
5710 if (arg_ephemeral) {
5711 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
5712
5713 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
5714 if (r < 0) {
5715 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
5716 goto finish;
5717 }
5718
5719 /* Always take an exclusive lock on our own ephemeral copy. */
5720 r = image_path_lock(np, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5721 if (r < 0) {
5722 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5723 goto finish;
5724 }
5725
5726 {
5727 BLOCK_SIGNALS(SIGINT);
5728 r = copy_file_full(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600,
5729 FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL,
5730 COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME|COPY_SIGINT,
5731 NULL, NULL);
5732 }
5733 if (r == -EINTR) {
5734 log_error_errno(r, "Interrupted while copying image file to %s, removed again.", np);
5735 goto finish;
5736 }
5737 if (r < 0) {
5738 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
5739 goto finish;
5740 }
5741
5742 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
5743 remove_image = true;
5744 } else {
5745 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
5746 if (r == -EBUSY) {
5747 log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
5748 goto finish;
5749 }
5750 if (r < 0) {
5751 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
5752 goto finish;
5753 }
5754
5755 r = verity_settings_load(
5756 &arg_verity_settings,
5757 arg_image, NULL, NULL);
5758 if (r < 0) {
5759 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read verity artefacts for %s: %m", arg_image);
5760 goto finish;
5761 }
5762
5763 if (arg_verity_settings.data_path)
5764 dissect_image_flags |= DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE;
5765 }
5766
5767 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
5768 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
5769 goto finish;
5770 }
5771
5772 remove_tmprootdir = true;
5773
5774 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
5775 if (!arg_directory) {
5776 r = log_oom();
5777 goto finish;
5778 }
5779
5780 r = loop_device_make_by_path(
5781 arg_image,
5782 arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
5783 /* sector_size= */ UINT32_MAX,
5784 FLAGS_SET(dissect_image_flags, DISSECT_IMAGE_NO_PARTITION_TABLE) ? 0 : LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN,
5785 LOCK_SH,
5786 &loop);
5787 if (r < 0) {
5788 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
5789 goto finish;
5790 }
5791
5792 r = dissect_loop_device_and_warn(
5793 loop,
5794 &arg_verity_settings,
5795 /* mount_options=*/ NULL,
5796 arg_image_policy ?: &image_policy_container,
5797 dissect_image_flags,
5798 &dissected_image);
5799 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
5800 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
5801 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
5802 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
5803 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
5804 " c) or follow https://uapi-group.org/specifications/specs/discoverable_partitions_specification\n"
5805 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
5806 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
5807 goto finish;
5808 }
5809 if (r < 0)
5810 goto finish;
5811
5812 r = dissected_image_load_verity_sig_partition(
5813 dissected_image,
5814 loop->fd,
5815 &arg_verity_settings);
5816 if (r < 0)
5817 goto finish;
5818
5819 if (dissected_image->has_verity && !arg_verity_settings.root_hash && !dissected_image->has_verity_sig)
5820 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified and no embedded "
5821 "root hash signature found! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
5822
5823 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(
5824 dissected_image,
5825 NULL,
5826 &arg_verity_settings,
5827 0);
5828 if (r < 0)
5829 goto finish;
5830
5831 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
5832 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
5833 remove_image = false;
5834
5835 if (arg_architecture < 0)
5836 arg_architecture = dissected_image_architecture(dissected_image);
5837 }
5838
5839 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5840 if (r < 0)
5841 goto finish;
5842
5843 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
5844 arg_console_mode = isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) ?
5845 CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
5846
5847 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
5848 arg_quiet = true;
5849
5850 if (!arg_quiet)
5851 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress Ctrl-] three times within 1s to kill container.",
5852 arg_machine, arg_image ?: arg_directory);
5853
5854 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGRTMIN+18, -1) >= 0);
5855
5856 r = make_reaper_process(true);
5857 if (r < 0) {
5858 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
5859 goto finish;
5860 }
5861
5862 if (arg_expose_ports) {
5863 r = fw_ctx_new(&fw_ctx);
5864 if (r < 0) {
5865 log_error_errno(r, "Cannot expose configured ports, firewall initialization failed: %m");
5866 goto finish;
5867 }
5868 expose_args.fw_ctx = fw_ctx;
5869 }
5870 for (;;) {
5871 r = run_container(dissected_image,
5872 fds,
5873 veth_name, &veth_created,
5874 &expose_args, &master,
5875 &pid, &ret);
5876 if (r <= 0)
5877 break;
5878 }
5879
5880 finish:
5881 (void) sd_notify(false,
5882 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
5883 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
5884
5885 if (pid > 0)
5886 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
5887
5888 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
5889 if (master >= 0) {
5890 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, UINT64_MAX, 0);
5891 master = safe_close(master);
5892 }
5893
5894 if (pid > 0)
5895 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
5896
5897 pager_close();
5898
5899 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
5900 int k;
5901
5902 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
5903 if (k < 0)
5904 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
5905 }
5906
5907 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
5908 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
5909 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
5910 }
5911
5912 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
5913 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
5914 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
5915 }
5916
5917 if (arg_machine) {
5918 const char *p;
5919
5920 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
5921 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
5922 }
5923
5924 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET, &expose_args.address4);
5925 expose_port_flush(&fw_ctx, arg_expose_ports, AF_INET6, &expose_args.address6);
5926
5927 if (veth_created)
5928 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5929 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
5930
5931 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5932 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
5933 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
5934 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
5935
5936 if (r < 0)
5937 return r;
5938
5939 return ret;
5940 }
5941
5942 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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