src/shared/bus-util.c

   1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
   2
   3 #include <errno.h>
   4 #include <fcntl.h>
   5 #include <inttypes.h>
   6 #include <stdio.h>
   7 #include <stdlib.h>
   8 #include <string.h>
   9 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  10 #include <sys/resource.h>
  11 #include <sys/socket.h>
  12 #include <unistd.h>
  13
  14 #include "sd-bus-protocol.h"
  15 #include "sd-bus.h"
  16 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  17 #include "sd-event.h"
  18 #include "sd-id128.h"
  19
  20 #include "alloc-util.h"
  21 #include "bus-internal.h"
  22 #include "bus-label.h"
  23 #include "bus-message.h"
  24 #include "bus-util.h"
  25 #include "cap-list.h"
  26 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  27 #include "def.h"
  28 #include "escape.h"
  29 #include "fd-util.h"
  30 #include "missing.h"
  31 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
  32 #include "nsflags.h"
  33 #include "parse-util.h"
  34 #include "proc-cmdline.h"
  35 #include "rlimit-util.h"
  36 #include "stdio-util.h"
  37 #include "strv.h"
  38 #include "user-util.h"
  39
  40 static int name_owner_change_callback(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *ret_error) {
  41         sd_event *e = userdata;
  42
  43         assert(m);
  44         assert(e);
  45
  46         sd_bus_close(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
  47         sd_event_exit(e, 0);
  48
  49         return 1;
  50 }
  51
  52 int bus_async_unregister_and_exit(sd_event *e, sd_bus *bus, const char *name) {
  53         const char *match;
  54         const char *unique;
  55         int r;
  56
  57         assert(e);
  58         assert(bus);
  59         assert(name);
  60
  61         /* We unregister the name here and then wait for the
  62          * NameOwnerChanged signal for this event to arrive before we
  63          * quit. We do this in order to make sure that any queued
  64          * requests are still processed before we really exit. */
  65
  66         r = sd_bus_get_unique_name(bus, &unique);
  67         if (r < 0)
  68                 return r;
  69
  70         match = strjoina(
  71                         "sender='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
  72                         "type='signal',"
  73                         "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus',"
  74                         "member='NameOwnerChanged',"
  75                         "path='/org/freedesktop/DBus',"
  76                         "arg0='", name, "',",
  77                         "arg1='", unique, "',",
  78                         "arg2=''");
  79
  80         r = sd_bus_add_match_async(bus, NULL, match, name_owner_change_callback, NULL, e);
  81         if (r < 0)
  82                 return r;
  83
  84         r = sd_bus_release_name_async(bus, NULL, name, NULL, NULL);
  85         if (r < 0)
  86                 return r;
  87
  88         return 0;
  89 }
  90
  91 int bus_event_loop_with_idle(
  92                 sd_event *e,
  93                 sd_bus *bus,
  94                 const char *name,
  95                 usec_t timeout,
  96                 check_idle_t check_idle,
  97                 void *userdata) {
  98         bool exiting = false;
  99         int r, code;
 100
 101         assert(e);
 102         assert(bus);
 103         assert(name);
 104
 105         for (;;) {
 106                 bool idle;
 107
 108                 r = sd_event_get_state(e);
 109                 if (r < 0)
 110                         return r;
 111                 if (r == SD_EVENT_FINISHED)
 112                         break;
 113
 114                 if (check_idle)
 115                         idle = check_idle(userdata);
 116                 else
 117                         idle = true;
 118
 119                 r = sd_event_run(e, exiting || !idle ? (uint64_t) -1 : timeout);
 120                 if (r < 0)
 121                         return r;
 122
 123                 if (r == 0 && !exiting && idle) {
 124
 125                         r = sd_bus_try_close(bus);
 126                         if (r == -EBUSY)
 127                                 continue;
 128
 129                         /* Fallback for dbus1 connections: we
 130                          * unregister the name and wait for the
 131                          * response to come through for it */
 132                         if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
 133
 134                                 /* Inform the service manager that we
 135                                  * are going down, so that it will
 136                                  * queue all further start requests,
 137                                  * instead of assuming we are already
 138                                  * running. */
 139                                 sd_notify(false, "STOPPING=1");
 140
 141                                 r = bus_async_unregister_and_exit(e, bus, name);
 142                                 if (r < 0)
 143                                         return r;
 144
 145                                 exiting = true;
 146                                 continue;
 147                         }
 148
 149                         if (r < 0)
 150                                 return r;
 151
 152                         sd_event_exit(e, 0);
 153                         break;
 154                 }
 155         }
 156
 157         r = sd_event_get_exit_code(e, &code);
 158         if (r < 0)
 159                 return r;
 160
 161         return code;
 162 }
 163
 164 int bus_name_has_owner(sd_bus *c, const char *name, sd_bus_error *error) {
 165         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *rep = NULL;
 166         int r, has_owner = 0;
 167
 168         assert(c);
 169         assert(name);
 170
 171         r = sd_bus_call_method(c,
 172                                "org.freedesktop.DBus",
 173                                "/org/freedesktop/dbus",
 174                                "org.freedesktop.DBus",
 175                                "NameHasOwner",
 176                                error,
 177                                &rep,
 178                                "s",
 179                                name);
 180         if (r < 0)
 181                 return r;
 182
 183         r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(rep, 'b', &has_owner);
 184         if (r < 0)
 185                 return sd_bus_error_set_errno(error, r);
 186
 187         return has_owner;
 188 }
 189
 190 static int check_good_user(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t good_user) {
 191         _cleanup_(sd_bus_creds_unrefp) sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
 192         uid_t sender_uid;
 193         int r;
 194
 195         assert(m);
 196
 197         if (good_user == UID_INVALID)
 198                 return 0;
 199
 200         r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(m, SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID, &creds);
 201         if (r < 0)
 202                 return r;
 203
 204         /* Don't trust augmented credentials for authorization */
 205         assert_return((sd_bus_creds_get_augmented_mask(creds) & SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID) == 0, -EPERM);
 206
 207         r = sd_bus_creds_get_euid(creds, &sender_uid);
 208         if (r < 0)
 209                 return r;
 210
 211         return sender_uid == good_user;
 212 }
 213
 214 int bus_test_polkit(
 215                 sd_bus_message *call,
 216                 int capability,
 217                 const char *action,
 218                 const char **details,
 219                 uid_t good_user,
 220                 bool *_challenge,
 221                 sd_bus_error *e) {
 222
 223         int r;
 224
 225         assert(call);
 226         assert(action);
 227
 228         /* Tests non-interactively! */
 229
 230         r = check_good_user(call, good_user);
 231         if (r != 0)
 232                 return r;
 233
 234         r = sd_bus_query_sender_privilege(call, capability);
 235         if (r < 0)
 236                 return r;
 237         else if (r > 0)
 238                 return 1;
 239 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 240         else {
 241                 _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *request = NULL;
 242                 _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
 243                 int authorized = false, challenge = false;
 244                 const char *sender, **k, **v;
 245
 246                 sender = sd_bus_message_get_sender(call);
 247                 if (!sender)
 248                         return -EBADMSG;
 249
 250                 r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
 251                                 call->bus,
 252                                 &request,
 253                                 "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1",
 254                                 "/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/Authority",
 255                                 "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.Authority",
 256                                 "CheckAuthorization");
 257                 if (r < 0)
 258                         return r;
 259
 260                 r = sd_bus_message_append(
 261                                 request,
 262                                 "(sa{sv})s",
 263                                 "system-bus-name", 1, "name", "s", sender,
 264                                 action);
 265                 if (r < 0)
 266                         return r;
 267
 268                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(request, 'a', "{ss}");
 269                 if (r < 0)
 270                         return r;
 271
 272                 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, details) {
 273                         r = sd_bus_message_append(request, "{ss}", *k, *v);
 274                         if (r < 0)
 275                                 return r;
 276                 }
 277
 278                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(request);
 279                 if (r < 0)
 280                         return r;
 281
 282                 r = sd_bus_message_append(request, "us", 0, NULL);
 283                 if (r < 0)
 284                         return r;
 285
 286                 r = sd_bus_call(call->bus, request, 0, e, &reply);
 287                 if (r < 0) {
 288                         /* Treat no PK available as access denied */
 289                         if (sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN)) {
 290                                 sd_bus_error_free(e);
 291                                 return -EACCES;
 292                         }
 293
 294                         return r;
 295                 }
 296
 297                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'r', "bba{ss}");
 298                 if (r < 0)
 299                         return r;
 300
 301                 r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "bb", &authorized, &challenge);
 302                 if (r < 0)
 303                         return r;
 304
 305                 if (authorized)
 306                         return 1;
 307
 308                 if (_challenge) {
 309                         *_challenge = challenge;
 310                         return 0;
 311                 }
 312         }
 313 #endif
 314
 315         return -EACCES;
 316 }
 317
 318 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 319
 320 typedef struct AsyncPolkitQuery {
 321         sd_bus_message *request, *reply;
 322         sd_bus_message_handler_t callback;
 323         void *userdata;
 324         sd_bus_slot *slot;
 325         Hashmap *registry;
 326 } AsyncPolkitQuery;
 327
 328 static void async_polkit_query_free(AsyncPolkitQuery *q) {
 329
 330         if (!q)
 331                 return;
 332
 333         sd_bus_slot_unref(q->slot);
 334
 335         if (q->registry && q->request)
 336                 hashmap_remove(q->registry, q->request);
 337
 338         sd_bus_message_unref(q->request);
 339         sd_bus_message_unref(q->reply);
 340
 341         free(q);
 342 }
 343
 344 static int async_polkit_callback(sd_bus_message *reply, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
 345         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error_buffer = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 346         AsyncPolkitQuery *q = userdata;
 347         int r;
 348
 349         assert(reply);
 350         assert(q);
 351
 352         q->slot = sd_bus_slot_unref(q->slot);
 353         q->reply = sd_bus_message_ref(reply);
 354
 355         r = sd_bus_message_rewind(q->request, true);
 356         if (r < 0) {
 357                 r = sd_bus_reply_method_errno(q->request, r, NULL);
 358                 goto finish;
 359         }
 360
 361         r = q->callback(q->request, q->userdata, &error_buffer);
 362         r = bus_maybe_reply_error(q->request, r, &error_buffer);
 363
 364 finish:
 365         async_polkit_query_free(q);
 366
 367         return r;
 368 }
 369
 370 #endif
 371
 372 int bus_verify_polkit_async(
 373                 sd_bus_message *call,
 374                 int capability,
 375                 const char *action,
 376                 const char **details,
 377                 bool interactive,
 378                 uid_t good_user,
 379                 Hashmap **registry,
 380                 sd_bus_error *error) {
 381
 382 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 383         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *pk = NULL;
 384         AsyncPolkitQuery *q;
 385         const char *sender, **k, **v;
 386         sd_bus_message_handler_t callback;
 387         void *userdata;
 388         int c;
 389 #endif
 390         int r;
 391
 392         assert(call);
 393         assert(action);
 394         assert(registry);
 395
 396         r = check_good_user(call, good_user);
 397         if (r != 0)
 398                 return r;
 399
 400 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 401         q = hashmap_get(*registry, call);
 402         if (q) {
 403                 int authorized, challenge;
 404
 405                 /* This is the second invocation of this function, and
 406                  * there's already a response from polkit, let's
 407                  * process it */
 408                 assert(q->reply);
 409
 410                 if (sd_bus_message_is_method_error(q->reply, NULL)) {
 411                         const sd_bus_error *e;
 412
 413                         /* Copy error from polkit reply */
 414                         e = sd_bus_message_get_error(q->reply);
 415                         sd_bus_error_copy(error, e);
 416
 417                         /* Treat no PK available as access denied */
 418                         if (sd_bus_error_has_name(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 419                                 return -EACCES;
 420
 421                         return -sd_bus_error_get_errno(e);
 422                 }
 423
 424                 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(q->reply, 'r', "bba{ss}");
 425                 if (r >= 0)
 426                         r = sd_bus_message_read(q->reply, "bb", &authorized, &challenge);
 427
 428                 if (r < 0)
 429                         return r;
 430
 431                 if (authorized)
 432                         return 1;
 433
 434                 if (challenge)
 435                         return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INTERACTIVE_AUTHORIZATION_REQUIRED, "Interactive authentication required.");
 436
 437                 return -EACCES;
 438         }
 439 #endif
 440
 441         r = sd_bus_query_sender_privilege(call, capability);
 442         if (r < 0)
 443                 return r;
 444         else if (r > 0)
 445                 return 1;
 446
 447 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 448         if (sd_bus_get_current_message(call->bus) != call)
 449                 return -EINVAL;
 450
 451         callback = sd_bus_get_current_handler(call->bus);
 452         if (!callback)
 453                 return -EINVAL;
 454
 455         userdata = sd_bus_get_current_userdata(call->bus);
 456
 457         sender = sd_bus_message_get_sender(call);
 458         if (!sender)
 459                 return -EBADMSG;
 460
 461         c = sd_bus_message_get_allow_interactive_authorization(call);
 462         if (c < 0)
 463                 return c;
 464         if (c > 0)
 465                 interactive = true;
 466
 467         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(registry, NULL);
 468         if (r < 0)
 469                 return r;
 470
 471         r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
 472                         call->bus,
 473                         &pk,
 474                         "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1",
 475                         "/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/Authority",
 476                         "org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.Authority",
 477                         "CheckAuthorization");
 478         if (r < 0)
 479                 return r;
 480
 481         r = sd_bus_message_append(
 482                         pk,
 483                         "(sa{sv})s",
 484                         "system-bus-name", 1, "name", "s", sender,
 485                         action);
 486         if (r < 0)
 487                 return r;
 488
 489         r = sd_bus_message_open_container(pk, 'a', "{ss}");
 490         if (r < 0)
 491                 return r;
 492
 493         STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, details) {
 494                 r = sd_bus_message_append(pk, "{ss}", *k, *v);
 495                 if (r < 0)
 496                         return r;
 497         }
 498
 499         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(pk);
 500         if (r < 0)
 501                 return r;
 502
 503         r = sd_bus_message_append(pk, "us", interactive, NULL);
 504         if (r < 0)
 505                 return r;
 506
 507         q = new0(AsyncPolkitQuery, 1);
 508         if (!q)
 509                 return -ENOMEM;
 510
 511         q->request = sd_bus_message_ref(call);
 512         q->callback = callback;
 513         q->userdata = userdata;
 514
 515         r = hashmap_put(*registry, call, q);
 516         if (r < 0) {
 517                 async_polkit_query_free(q);
 518                 return r;
 519         }
 520
 521         q->registry = *registry;
 522
 523         r = sd_bus_call_async(call->bus, &q->slot, pk, async_polkit_callback, q, 0);
 524         if (r < 0) {
 525                 async_polkit_query_free(q);
 526                 return r;
 527         }
 528
 529         return 0;
 530 #endif
 531
 532         return -EACCES;
 533 }
 534
 535 void bus_verify_polkit_async_registry_free(Hashmap *registry) {
 536 #if ENABLE_POLKIT
 537         hashmap_free_with_destructor(registry, async_polkit_query_free);
 538 #endif
 539 }
 540
 541 int bus_check_peercred(sd_bus *c) {
 542         struct ucred ucred;
 543         int fd, r;
 544
 545         assert(c);
 546
 547         fd = sd_bus_get_fd(c);
 548         if (fd < 0)
 549                 return fd;
 550
 551         r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
 552         if (r < 0)
 553                 return r;
 554
 555         if (ucred.uid != 0 && ucred.uid != geteuid())
 556                 return -EPERM;
 557
 558         return 1;
 559 }
 560
 561 int bus_connect_system_systemd(sd_bus **_bus) {
 562         _cleanup_(sd_bus_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 563         int r;
 564
 565         assert(_bus);
 566
 567         if (geteuid() != 0)
 568                 return sd_bus_default_system(_bus);
 569
 570         /* If we are root then let's talk directly to the system
 571          * instance, instead of going via the bus */
 572
 573         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
 574         if (r < 0)
 575                 return r;
 576
 577         r = sd_bus_set_address(bus, "unix:path=/run/systemd/private");
 578         if (r < 0)
 579                 return r;
 580
 581         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
 582         if (r < 0)
 583                 return sd_bus_default_system(_bus);
 584
 585         r = bus_check_peercred(bus);
 586         if (r < 0)
 587                 return r;
 588
 589         *_bus = TAKE_PTR(bus);
 590
 591         return 0;
 592 }
 593
 594 int bus_connect_user_systemd(sd_bus **_bus) {
 595         _cleanup_(sd_bus_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 596         _cleanup_free_ char *ee = NULL;
 597         const char *e;
 598         int r;
 599
 600         assert(_bus);
 601
 602         e = secure_getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
 603         if (!e)
 604                 return sd_bus_default_user(_bus);
 605
 606         ee = bus_address_escape(e);
 607         if (!ee)
 608                 return -ENOMEM;
 609
 610         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
 611         if (r < 0)
 612                 return r;
 613
 614         bus->address = strjoin("unix:path=", ee, "/systemd/private");
 615         if (!bus->address)
 616                 return -ENOMEM;
 617
 618         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
 619         if (r < 0)
 620                 return sd_bus_default_user(_bus);
 621
 622         r = bus_check_peercred(bus);
 623         if (r < 0)
 624                 return r;
 625
 626         *_bus = TAKE_PTR(bus);
 627
 628         return 0;
 629 }
 630
 631 int bus_print_property_value(const char *name, const char *expected_value, bool only_value, const char *value) {
 632         assert(name);
 633
 634         if (expected_value && !streq_ptr(expected_value, value))
 635                 return 0;
 636
 637         if (only_value)
 638                 puts(value);
 639         else
 640                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, value);
 641
 642         return 0;
 643 }
 644
 645 int bus_print_property_valuef(const char *name, const char *expected_value, bool only_value, const char *fmt, ...) {
 646         va_list ap;
 647         int r;
 648
 649         assert(name);
 650         assert(fmt);
 651
 652         if (expected_value) {
 653                 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
 654
 655                 va_start(ap, fmt);
 656                 r = vasprintf(&s, fmt, ap);
 657                 va_end(ap);
 658                 if (r < 0)
 659                         return -ENOMEM;
 660
 661                 if (streq_ptr(expected_value, s)) {
 662                         if (only_value)
 663                                 puts(s);
 664                         else
 665                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
 666                 }
 667
 668                 return 0;
 669         }
 670
 671         if (!only_value)
 672                 printf("%s=", name);
 673         va_start(ap, fmt);
 674         vprintf(fmt, ap);
 675         va_end(ap);
 676         puts("");
 677
 678         return 0;
 679 }
 680
 681 static int bus_print_property(const char *name, const char *expected_value, sd_bus_message *m, bool value, bool all) {
 682         char type;
 683         const char *contents;
 684         int r;
 685
 686         assert(name);
 687         assert(m);
 688
 689         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, &contents);
 690         if (r < 0)
 691                 return r;
 692
 693         switch (type) {
 694
 695         case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING: {
 696                 const char *s;
 697
 698                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &s);
 699                 if (r < 0)
 700                         return r;
 701
 702                 if (all || !isempty(s)) {
 703                         bool good;
 704
 705                         /* This property has a single value, so we need to take
 706                          * care not to print a new line, everything else is OK. */
 707                         good = !strchr(s, '\n');
 708                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, good ? s : "[unprintable]");
 709                 }
 710
 711                 return 1;
 712         }
 713
 714         case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
 715                 int b;
 716
 717                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &b);
 718                 if (r < 0)
 719                         return r;
 720
 721                 if (expected_value && parse_boolean(expected_value) != b)
 722                         return 1;
 723
 724                 bus_print_property_value(name, NULL, value, yes_no(b));
 725                 return 1;
 726         }
 727
 728         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
 729                 uint64_t u;
 730
 731                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
 732                 if (r < 0)
 733                         return r;
 734
 735                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
 736                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
 737
 738                 if (endswith(name, "Timestamp") ||
 739                     STR_IN_SET(name, "NextElapseUSecRealtime", "LastTriggerUSec", "TimeUSec", "RTCTimeUSec")) {
 740                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
 741                         const char *t;
 742
 743                         t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u);
 744                         if (t || all)
 745                                 bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, strempty(t));
 746
 747                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
 748                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
 749
 750                         (void) format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u, 0);
 751                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, timespan);
 752
 753                 } else if (streq(name, "RestrictNamespaces")) {
 754                         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
 755                         const char *result;
 756
 757                         if ((u & NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL) == 0)
 758                                 result = "yes";
 759                         else if ((u & NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL) == NAMESPACE_FLAGS_ALL)
 760                                 result = "no";
 761                         else {
 762                                 r = namespace_flags_to_string(u, &s);
 763                                 if (r < 0)
 764                                         return r;
 765
 766                                 result = s;
 767                         }
 768
 769                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, result);
 770
 771                 } else if (streq(name, "MountFlags")) {
 772                         const char *result;
 773
 774                         result = mount_propagation_flags_to_string(u);
 775                         if (!result)
 776                                 return -EINVAL;
 777
 778                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, result);
 779
 780                 } else if (STR_IN_SET(name, "CapabilityBoundingSet", "AmbientCapabilities")) {
 781                         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
 782
 783                         r = capability_set_to_string_alloc(u, &s);
 784                         if (r < 0)
 785                                 return r;
 786
 787                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, s);
 788
 789                 } else if ((STR_IN_SET(name, "CPUWeight", "StartupCPUWeight", "IOWeight", "StartupIOWeight") && u == CGROUP_WEIGHT_INVALID) ||
 790                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "CPUShares", "StartupCPUShares") && u == CGROUP_CPU_SHARES_INVALID) ||
 791                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "BlockIOWeight", "StartupBlockIOWeight") && u == CGROUP_BLKIO_WEIGHT_INVALID) ||
 792                            (STR_IN_SET(name, "MemoryCurrent", "TasksCurrent") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 793                            (endswith(name, "NSec") && u == (uint64_t) -1))
 794
 795                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, "[not set]");
 796
 797                 else if ((STR_IN_SET(name, "MemoryLow", "MemoryHigh", "MemoryMax", "MemorySwapMax", "MemoryLimit") && u == CGROUP_LIMIT_MAX) ||
 798                          (STR_IN_SET(name, "TasksMax", "DefaultTasksMax") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 799                          (startswith(name, "Limit") && u == (uint64_t) -1) ||
 800                          (startswith(name, "DefaultLimit") && u == (uint64_t) -1))
 801
 802                         bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, "infinity");
 803                 else
 804                         bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIu64, u);
 805
 806                 return 1;
 807         }
 808
 809         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64: {
 810                 int64_t i;
 811
 812                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &i);
 813                 if (r < 0)
 814                         return r;
 815
 816                 bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIi64, i);
 817                 return 1;
 818         }
 819
 820         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
 821                 uint32_t u;
 822
 823                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
 824                 if (r < 0)
 825                         return r;
 826
 827                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
 828                         bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%04o", u);
 829
 830                 else if (streq(name, "UID")) {
 831                         if (u == UID_INVALID)
 832                                 bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, "[not set]");
 833                         else
 834                                 bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIu32, u);
 835                 } else if (streq(name, "GID")) {
 836                         if (u == GID_INVALID)
 837                                 bus_print_property_value(name, expected_value, value, "[not set]");
 838                         else
 839                                 bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIu32, u);
 840                 } else
 841                         bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIu32, u);
 842
 843                 return 1;
 844         }
 845
 846         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32: {
 847                 int32_t i;
 848
 849                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &i);
 850                 if (r < 0)
 851                         return r;
 852
 853                 bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%"PRIi32, i);
 854                 return 1;
 855         }
 856
 857         case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
 858                 double d;
 859
 860                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &d);
 861                 if (r < 0)
 862                         return r;
 863
 864                 bus_print_property_valuef(name, expected_value, value, "%g", d);
 865                 return 1;
 866         }
 867
 868         case SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 869                 if (streq(contents, "s")) {
 870                         bool first = true;
 871                         const char *str;
 872
 873                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, contents);
 874                         if (r < 0)
 875                                 return r;
 876
 877                         while ((r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &str)) > 0) {
 878                                 bool good;
 879
 880                                 if (first && !value)
 881                                         printf("%s=", name);
 882
 883                                 /* This property has multiple space-separated values, so
 884                                  * neither spaces nor newlines can be allowed in a value. */
 885                                 good = str[strcspn(str, " \n")] == '\0';
 886
 887                                 printf("%s%s", first ? "" : " ", good ? str : "[unprintable]");
 888
 889                                 first = false;
 890                         }
 891                         if (r < 0)
 892                                 return r;
 893
 894                         if (first && all && !value)
 895                                 printf("%s=", name);
 896                         if (!first || all)
 897                                 puts("");
 898
 899                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 900                         if (r < 0)
 901                                 return r;
 902
 903                         return 1;
 904
 905                 } else if (streq(contents, "y")) {
 906                         const uint8_t *u;
 907                         size_t n;
 908
 909                         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE, (const void**) &u, &n);
 910                         if (r < 0)
 911                                 return r;
 912
 913                         if (all || n > 0) {
 914                                 unsigned i;
 915
 916                                 if (!value)
 917                                         printf("%s=", name);
 918
 919                                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 920                                         printf("%02x", u[i]);
 921
 922                                 puts("");
 923                         }
 924
 925                         return 1;
 926
 927                 } else if (streq(contents, "u")) {
 928                         uint32_t *u;
 929                         size_t n;
 930
 931                         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32, (const void**) &u, &n);
 932                         if (r < 0)
 933                                 return r;
 934
 935                         if (all || n > 0) {
 936                                 unsigned i;
 937
 938                                 if (!value)
 939                                         printf("%s=", name);
 940
 941                                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 942                                         printf("%08x", u[i]);
 943
 944                                 puts("");
 945                         }
 946
 947                         return 1;
 948                 }
 949
 950                 break;
 951         }
 952
 953         return 0;
 954 }
 955
 956 int bus_message_print_all_properties(
 957                 sd_bus_message *m,
 958                 bus_message_print_t func,
 959                 char **filter,
 960                 bool value,
 961                 bool all,
 962                 Set **found_properties) {
 963
 964         int r;
 965
 966         assert(m);
 967
 968         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "{sv}");
 969         if (r < 0)
 970                 return r;
 971
 972         while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, "sv")) > 0) {
 973                 _cleanup_free_ char *name_with_equal = NULL;
 974                 const char *name, *contents, *expected_value = NULL;
 975
 976                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &name);
 977                 if (r < 0)
 978                         return r;
 979
 980                 if (found_properties) {
 981                         r = set_ensure_allocated(found_properties, &string_hash_ops);
 982                         if (r < 0)
 983                                 return log_oom();
 984
 985                         r = set_put(*found_properties, name);
 986                         if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)
 987                                 return log_oom();
 988                 }
 989
 990                 name_with_equal = strappend(name, "=");
 991                 if (!name_with_equal)
 992                         return log_oom();
 993
 994                 if (!filter || strv_find(filter, name) ||
 995                     (expected_value = strv_find_startswith(filter, name_with_equal))) {
 996                         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, NULL, &contents);
 997                         if (r < 0)
 998                                 return r;
 999
1000                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, contents);
1001                         if (r < 0)
1002                                 return r;
1003
1004                         if (func)
1005                                 r = func(name, expected_value, m, value, all);
1006                         if (!func || r == 0)
1007                                 r = bus_print_property(name, expected_value, m, value, all);
1008                         if (r < 0)
1009                                 return r;
1010                         if (r == 0) {
1011                                 if (all && !expected_value)
1012                                         printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
1013                                 /* skip what we didn't read */
1014                                 r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, contents);
1015                                 if (r < 0)
1016                                         return r;
1017                         }
1018
1019                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1020                         if (r < 0)
1021                                 return r;
1022                 } else {
1023                         r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, "v");
1024                         if (r < 0)
1025                                 return r;
1026                 }
1027
1028                 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1029                 if (r < 0)
1030                         return r;
1031         }
1032         if (r < 0)
1033                 return r;
1034
1035         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1036         if (r < 0)
1037                 return r;
1038
1039         return 0;
1040 }
1041
1042 int bus_print_all_properties(
1043                 sd_bus *bus,
1044                 const char *dest,
1045                 const char *path,
1046                 bus_message_print_t func,
1047                 char **filter,
1048                 bool value,
1049                 bool all,
1050                 Set **found_properties) {
1051
1052         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
1053         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1054         int r;
1055
1056         assert(bus);
1057         assert(path);
1058
1059         r = sd_bus_call_method(bus,
1060                         dest,
1061                         path,
1062                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1063                         "GetAll",
1064                         &error,
1065                         &reply,
1066                         "s", "");
1067         if (r < 0)
1068                 return r;
1069
1070         return bus_message_print_all_properties(reply, func, filter, value, all, found_properties);
1071 }
1072
1073 int bus_map_id128(sd_bus *bus, const char *member, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_error *error, void *userdata) {
1074         sd_id128_t *p = userdata;
1075         const void *v;
1076         size_t n;
1077         int r;
1078
1079         r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE, &v, &n);
1080         if (r < 0)
1081                 return r;
1082
1083         if (n == 0)
1084                 *p = SD_ID128_NULL;
1085         else if (n == 16)
1086                 memcpy((*p).bytes, v, n);
1087         else
1088                 return -EINVAL;
1089
1090         return 0;
1091 }
1092
1093 static int map_basic(sd_bus *bus, const char *member, sd_bus_message *m, unsigned flags, sd_bus_error *error, void *userdata) {
1094         char type;
1095         int r;
1096
1097         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, NULL);
1098         if (r < 0)
1099                 return r;
1100
1101         switch (type) {
1102
1103         case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1104                 const char **p = userdata;
1105                 const char *s;
1106
1107                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &s);
1108                 if (r < 0)
1109                         return r;
1110
1111                 if (isempty(s))
1112                         s = NULL;
1113
1114                 if (flags & BUS_MAP_STRDUP)
1115                         return free_and_strdup((char **) userdata, s);
1116
1117                 *p = s;
1118                 return 0;
1119         }
1120
1121         case SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1122                 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
1123                 char ***p = userdata;
1124
1125                 r = bus_message_read_strv_extend(m, &l);
1126                 if (r < 0)
1127                         return r;
1128
1129                 return strv_free_and_replace(*p, l);
1130         }
1131
1132         case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1133                 int b;
1134
1135                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &b);
1136                 if (r < 0)
1137                         return r;
1138
1139                 if (flags & BUS_MAP_BOOLEAN_AS_BOOL)
1140                         *(bool*) userdata = b;
1141                 else
1142                         *(int*) userdata = b;
1143
1144                 return 0;
1145         }
1146
1147         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
1148         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1149                 uint32_t u, *p = userdata;
1150
1151                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &u);
1152                 if (r < 0)
1153                         return r;
1154
1155                 *p = u;
1156                 return 0;
1157         }
1158
1159         case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
1160         case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1161                 uint64_t t, *p = userdata;
1162
1163                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &t);
1164                 if (r < 0)
1165                         return r;
1166
1167                 *p = t;
1168                 return 0;
1169         }
1170
1171         case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
1172                 double d, *p = userdata;
1173
1174                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &d);
1175                 if (r < 0)
1176                         return r;
1177
1178                 *p = d;
1179                 return 0;
1180         }}
1181
1182         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
1183 }
1184
1185 int bus_message_map_all_properties(
1186                 sd_bus_message *m,
1187                 const struct bus_properties_map *map,
1188                 unsigned flags,
1189                 sd_bus_error *error,
1190                 void *userdata) {
1191
1192         int r;
1193
1194         assert(m);
1195         assert(map);
1196
1197         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "{sv}");
1198         if (r < 0)
1199                 return r;
1200
1201         while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, "sv")) > 0) {
1202                 const struct bus_properties_map *prop;
1203                 const char *member;
1204                 const char *contents;
1205                 void *v;
1206                 unsigned i;
1207
1208                 r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, &member);
1209                 if (r < 0)
1210                         return r;
1211
1212                 for (i = 0, prop = NULL; map[i].member; i++)
1213                         if (streq(map[i].member, member)) {
1214                                 prop = &map[i];
1215                                 break;
1216                         }
1217
1218                 if (prop) {
1219                         r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, NULL, &contents);
1220                         if (r < 0)
1221                                 return r;
1222
1223                         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, contents);
1224                         if (r < 0)
1225                                 return r;
1226
1227                         v = (uint8_t *)userdata + prop->offset;
1228                         if (map[i].set)
1229                                 r = prop->set(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m), member, m, error, v);
1230                         else
1231                                 r = map_basic(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m), member, m, flags, error, v);
1232                         if (r < 0)
1233                                 return r;
1234
1235                         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1236                         if (r < 0)
1237                                 return r;
1238                 } else {
1239                         r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, "v");
1240                         if (r < 0)
1241                                 return r;
1242                 }
1243
1244                 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1245                 if (r < 0)
1246                         return r;
1247         }
1248         if (r < 0)
1249                 return r;
1250
1251         return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
1252 }
1253
1254 int bus_map_all_properties(
1255                 sd_bus *bus,
1256                 const char *destination,
1257                 const char *path,
1258                 const struct bus_properties_map *map,
1259                 unsigned flags,
1260                 sd_bus_error *error,
1261                 sd_bus_message **reply,
1262                 void *userdata) {
1263
1264         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
1265         int r;
1266
1267         assert(bus);
1268         assert(destination);
1269         assert(path);
1270         assert(map);
1271         assert(reply || (flags & BUS_MAP_STRDUP));
1272
1273         r = sd_bus_call_method(
1274                         bus,
1275                         destination,
1276                         path,
1277                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1278                         "GetAll",
1279                         error,
1280                         &m,
1281                         "s", "");
1282         if (r < 0)
1283                 return r;
1284
1285         r = bus_message_map_all_properties(m, map, flags, error, userdata);
1286         if (r < 0)
1287                 return r;
1288
1289         if (reply)
1290                 *reply = sd_bus_message_ref(m);
1291
1292         return r;
1293 }
1294
1295 int bus_connect_transport(BusTransport transport, const char *host, bool user, sd_bus **ret) {
1296         _cleanup_(sd_bus_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1297         int r;
1298
1299         assert(transport >= 0);
1300         assert(transport < _BUS_TRANSPORT_MAX);
1301         assert(ret);
1302
1303         assert_return((transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL) == !host, -EINVAL);
1304         assert_return(transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL || !user, -EOPNOTSUPP);
1305
1306         switch (transport) {
1307
1308         case BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL:
1309                 if (user)
1310                         r = sd_bus_default_user(&bus);
1311                 else {
1312                         if (sd_booted() <= 0) {
1313                                 /* Print a friendly message when the local system is actually not running systemd as PID 1. */
1314                                 log_error("System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.");
1315
1316                                 return -EHOSTDOWN;
1317                         }
1318                         r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
1319                 }
1320                 break;
1321
1322         case BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE:
1323                 r = sd_bus_open_system_remote(&bus, host);
1324                 break;
1325
1326         case BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE:
1327                 r = sd_bus_open_system_machine(&bus, host);
1328                 break;
1329
1330         default:
1331                 assert_not_reached("Hmm, unknown transport type.");
1332         }
1333         if (r < 0)
1334                 return r;
1335
1336         r = sd_bus_set_exit_on_disconnect(bus, true);
1337         if (r < 0)
1338                 return r;
1339
1340         *ret = TAKE_PTR(bus);
1341
1342         return 0;
1343 }
1344
1345 int bus_connect_transport_systemd(BusTransport transport, const char *host, bool user, sd_bus **bus) {
1346         int r;
1347
1348         assert(transport >= 0);
1349         assert(transport < _BUS_TRANSPORT_MAX);
1350         assert(bus);
1351
1352         assert_return((transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL) == !host, -EINVAL);
1353         assert_return(transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL || !user, -EOPNOTSUPP);
1354
1355         switch (transport) {
1356
1357         case BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL:
1358                 if (user)
1359                         r = bus_connect_user_systemd(bus);
1360                 else {
1361                         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
1362                                 /* Print a friendly message when the local system is actually not running systemd as PID 1. */
1363                                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EHOSTDOWN),
1364                                                        "System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.");
1365                         r = bus_connect_system_systemd(bus);
1366                 }
1367                 break;
1368
1369         case BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE:
1370                 r = sd_bus_open_system_remote(bus, host);
1371                 break;
1372
1373         case BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE:
1374                 r = sd_bus_open_system_machine(bus, host);
1375                 break;
1376
1377         default:
1378                 assert_not_reached("Hmm, unknown transport type.");
1379         }
1380
1381         return r;
1382 }
1383
1384 int bus_property_get_bool(
1385                 sd_bus *bus,
1386                 const char *path,
1387                 const char *interface,
1388                 const char *property,
1389                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1390                 void *userdata,
1391                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1392
1393         int b = *(bool*) userdata;
1394
1395         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 'b', &b);
1396 }
1397
1398 int bus_property_set_bool(
1399                 sd_bus *bus,
1400                 const char *path,
1401                 const char *interface,
1402                 const char *property,
1403                 sd_bus_message *value,
1404                 void *userdata,
1405                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1406
1407         int b, r;
1408
1409         r = sd_bus_message_read(value, "b", &b);
1410         if (r < 0)
1411                 return r;
1412
1413         *(bool*) userdata = b;
1414         return 0;
1415 }
1416
1417 int bus_property_get_id128(
1418                 sd_bus *bus,
1419                 const char *path,
1420                 const char *interface,
1421                 const char *property,
1422                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1423                 void *userdata,
1424                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1425
1426         sd_id128_t *id = userdata;
1427
1428         if (sd_id128_is_null(*id)) /* Add an empty array if the ID is zero */
1429                 return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "ay", 0);
1430         else
1431                 return sd_bus_message_append_array(reply, 'y', id->bytes, 16);
1432 }
1433
1434 #if __SIZEOF_SIZE_T__ != 8
1435 int bus_property_get_size(
1436                 sd_bus *bus,
1437                 const char *path,
1438                 const char *interface,
1439                 const char *property,
1440                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1441                 void *userdata,
1442                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1443
1444         uint64_t sz = *(size_t*) userdata;
1445
1446         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 't', &sz);
1447 }
1448 #endif
1449
1450 #if __SIZEOF_LONG__ != 8
1451 int bus_property_get_long(
1452                 sd_bus *bus,
1453                 const char *path,
1454                 const char *interface,
1455                 const char *property,
1456                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1457                 void *userdata,
1458                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1459
1460         int64_t l = *(long*) userdata;
1461
1462         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 'x', &l);
1463 }
1464
1465 int bus_property_get_ulong(
1466                 sd_bus *bus,
1467                 const char *path,
1468                 const char *interface,
1469                 const char *property,
1470                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1471                 void *userdata,
1472                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1473
1474         uint64_t ul = *(unsigned long*) userdata;
1475
1476         return sd_bus_message_append_basic(reply, 't', &ul);
1477 }
1478 #endif
1479
1480 int bus_log_parse_error(int r) {
1481         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse bus message: %m");
1482 }
1483
1484 int bus_log_create_error(int r) {
1485         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus message: %m");
1486 }
1487
1488 /**
1489  * bus_path_encode_unique() - encode unique object path
1490  * @b: bus connection or NULL
1491  * @prefix: object path prefix
1492  * @sender_id: unique-name of client, or NULL
1493  * @external_id: external ID to be chosen by client, or NULL
1494  * @ret_path: storage for encoded object path pointer
1495  *
1496  * Whenever we provide a bus API that allows clients to create and manage
1497  * server-side objects, we need to provide a unique name for these objects. If
1498  * we let the server choose the name, we suffer from a race condition: If a
1499  * client creates an object asynchronously, it cannot destroy that object until
1500  * it received the method reply. It cannot know the name of the new object,
1501  * thus, it cannot destroy it. Furthermore, it enforces a round-trip.
1502  *
1503  * Therefore, many APIs allow the client to choose the unique name for newly
1504  * created objects. There're two problems to solve, though:
1505  *    1) Object names are usually defined via dbus object paths, which are
1506  *       usually globally namespaced. Therefore, multiple clients must be able
1507  *       to choose unique object names without interference.
1508  *    2) If multiple libraries share the same bus connection, they must be
1509  *       able to choose unique object names without interference.
1510  * The first problem is solved easily by prefixing a name with the
1511  * unique-bus-name of a connection. The server side must enforce this and
1512  * reject any other name. The second problem is solved by providing unique
1513  * suffixes from within sd-bus.
1514  *
1515  * This helper allows clients to create unique object-paths. It uses the
1516  * template '/prefix/sender_id/external_id' and returns the new path in
1517  * @ret_path (must be freed by the caller).
1518  * If @sender_id is NULL, the unique-name of @b is used. If @external_id is
1519  * NULL, this function allocates a unique suffix via @b (by requesting a new
1520  * cookie). If both @sender_id and @external_id are given, @b can be passed as
1521  * NULL.
1522  *
1523  * Returns: 0 on success, negative error code on failure.
1524  */
1525 int bus_path_encode_unique(sd_bus *b, const char *prefix, const char *sender_id, const char *external_id, char **ret_path) {
1526         _cleanup_free_ char *sender_label = NULL, *external_label = NULL;
1527         char external_buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t)], *p;
1528         int r;
1529
1530         assert_return(b || (sender_id && external_id), -EINVAL);
1531         assert_return(object_path_is_valid(prefix), -EINVAL);
1532         assert_return(ret_path, -EINVAL);
1533
1534         if (!sender_id) {
1535                 r = sd_bus_get_unique_name(b, &sender_id);
1536                 if (r < 0)
1537                         return r;
1538         }
1539
1540         if (!external_id) {
1541                 xsprintf(external_buf, "%"PRIu64, ++b->cookie);
1542                 external_id = external_buf;
1543         }
1544
1545         sender_label = bus_label_escape(sender_id);
1546         if (!sender_label)
1547                 return -ENOMEM;
1548
1549         external_label = bus_label_escape(external_id);
1550         if (!external_label)
1551                 return -ENOMEM;
1552
1553         p = strjoin(prefix, "/", sender_label, "/", external_label);
1554         if (!p)
1555                 return -ENOMEM;
1556
1557         *ret_path = p;
1558         return 0;
1559 }
1560
1561 /**
1562  * bus_path_decode_unique() - decode unique object path
1563  * @path: object path to decode
1564  * @prefix: object path prefix
1565  * @ret_sender: output parameter for sender-id label
1566  * @ret_external: output parameter for external-id label
1567  *
1568  * This does the reverse of bus_path_encode_unique() (see its description for
1569  * details). Both trailing labels, sender-id and external-id, are unescaped and
1570  * returned in the given output parameters (the caller must free them).
1571  *
1572  * Note that this function returns 0 if the path does not match the template
1573  * (see bus_path_encode_unique()), 1 if it matched.
1574  *
1575  * Returns: Negative error code on failure, 0 if the given object path does not
1576  *          match the template (return parameters are set to NULL), 1 if it was
1577  *          parsed successfully (return parameters contain allocated labels).
1578  */
1579 int bus_path_decode_unique(const char *path, const char *prefix, char **ret_sender, char **ret_external) {
1580         const char *p, *q;
1581         char *sender, *external;
1582
1583         assert(object_path_is_valid(path));
1584         assert(object_path_is_valid(prefix));
1585         assert(ret_sender);
1586         assert(ret_external);
1587
1588         p = object_path_startswith(path, prefix);
1589         if (!p) {
1590                 *ret_sender = NULL;
1591                 *ret_external = NULL;
1592                 return 0;
1593         }
1594
1595         q = strchr(p, '/');
1596         if (!q) {
1597                 *ret_sender = NULL;
1598                 *ret_external = NULL;
1599                 return 0;
1600         }
1601
1602         sender = bus_label_unescape_n(p, q - p);
1603         external = bus_label_unescape(q + 1);
1604         if (!sender || !external) {
1605                 free(sender);
1606                 free(external);
1607                 return -ENOMEM;
1608         }
1609
1610         *ret_sender = sender;
1611         *ret_external = external;
1612         return 1;
1613 }
1614
1615 int bus_property_get_rlimit(
1616                 sd_bus *bus,
1617                 const char *path,
1618                 const char *interface,
1619                 const char *property,
1620                 sd_bus_message *reply,
1621                 void *userdata,
1622                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1623
1624         const char *is_soft;
1625         struct rlimit *rl;
1626         uint64_t u;
1627         rlim_t x;
1628
1629         assert(bus);
1630         assert(reply);
1631         assert(userdata);
1632
1633         is_soft = endswith(property, "Soft");
1634
1635         rl = *(struct rlimit**) userdata;
1636         if (rl)
1637                 x = is_soft ? rl->rlim_cur : rl->rlim_max;
1638         else {
1639                 struct rlimit buf = {};
1640                 const char *s, *p;
1641                 int z;
1642
1643                 /* Chop off "Soft" suffix */
1644                 s = is_soft ? strndupa(property, is_soft - property) : property;
1645
1646                 /* Skip over any prefix, such as "Default" */
1647                 assert_se(p = strstr(s, "Limit"));
1648
1649                 z = rlimit_from_string(p + 5);
1650                 assert(z >= 0);
1651
1652                 (void) getrlimit(z, &buf);
1653                 x = is_soft ? buf.rlim_cur : buf.rlim_max;
1654         }
1655
1656         /* rlim_t might have different sizes, let's map RLIMIT_INFINITY to (uint64_t) -1, so that it is the same on all
1657          * archs */
1658         u = x == RLIM_INFINITY ? (uint64_t) -1 : (uint64_t) x;
1659
1660         return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "t", u);
1661 }
1662
1663 int bus_track_add_name_many(sd_bus_track *t, char **l) {
1664         int r = 0;
1665         char **i;
1666
1667         assert(t);
1668
1669         /* Continues adding after failure, and returns the first failure. */
1670
1671         STRV_FOREACH(i, l) {
1672                 int k;
1673
1674                 k = sd_bus_track_add_name(t, *i);
1675                 if (k < 0 && r >= 0)
1676                         r = k;
1677         }
1678
1679         return r;
1680 }
1681
1682 int bus_open_system_watch_bind_with_description(sd_bus **ret, const char *description) {
1683         _cleanup_(sd_bus_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1684         const char *e;
1685         int r;
1686
1687         assert(ret);
1688
1689         /* Match like sd_bus_open_system(), but with the "watch_bind" feature and the Connected() signal turned on. */
1690
1691         r = sd_bus_new(&bus);
1692         if (r < 0)
1693                 return r;
1694
1695         if (description) {
1696                 r = sd_bus_set_description(bus, description);
1697                 if (r < 0)
1698                         return r;
1699         }
1700
1701         e = secure_getenv("DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS");
1702         if (!e)
1703                 e = DEFAULT_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS;
1704
1705         r = sd_bus_set_address(bus, e);
1706         if (r < 0)
1707                 return r;
1708
1709         r = sd_bus_set_bus_client(bus, true);
1710         if (r < 0)
1711                 return r;
1712
1713         r = sd_bus_set_trusted(bus, true);
1714         if (r < 0)
1715                 return r;
1716
1717         r = sd_bus_negotiate_creds(bus, true, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID|SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID|SD_BUS_CREDS_EFFECTIVE_CAPS);
1718         if (r < 0)
1719                 return r;
1720
1721         r = sd_bus_set_watch_bind(bus, true);
1722         if (r < 0)
1723                 return r;
1724
1725         r = sd_bus_set_connected_signal(bus, true);
1726         if (r < 0)
1727                 return r;
1728
1729         r = sd_bus_start(bus);
1730         if (r < 0)
1731                 return r;
1732
1733         *ret = TAKE_PTR(bus);
1734
1735         return 0;
1736 }
1737
1738 int bus_reply_pair_array(sd_bus_message *m, char **l) {
1739         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
1740         char **k, **v;
1741         int r;
1742
1743         assert(m);
1744
1745         /* Reply to the specified message with a message containing a dictionary put together from the specified
1746          * strv */
1747
1748         r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(m, &reply);
1749         if (r < 0)
1750                 return r;
1751
1752         r = sd_bus_message_open_container(reply, 'a', "{ss}");
1753         if (r < 0)
1754                 return r;
1755
1756         STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, l) {
1757                 r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "{ss}", *k, *v);
1758                 if (r < 0)
1759                         return r;
1760         }
1761
1762         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(reply);
1763         if (r < 0)
1764                 return r;
1765
1766         return sd_bus_send(NULL, reply, NULL);
1767 }