1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
6 #include "alloc-util.h"
7 #include "conf-files.h"
10 #include "dissect-image.h"
13 #include "format-util.h"
16 #include "main-func.h"
17 #include "mount-util.h"
19 #include "path-util.h"
20 #include "pretty-print.h"
21 #include "selinux-util.h"
23 #include "smack-util.h"
24 #include "specifier.h"
25 #include "string-util.h"
27 #include "tmpfile-util-label.h"
28 #include "uid-range.h"
29 #include "user-record.h"
30 #include "user-util.h"
34 typedef enum ItemType
{
57 /* When set the group with the specified gid must exist
58 * and the check if a uid clashes with the gid is skipped.
68 static char *arg_root
= NULL
;
69 static char *arg_image
= NULL
;
70 static bool arg_cat_config
= false;
71 static const char *arg_replace
= NULL
;
72 static bool arg_inline
= false;
73 static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags
= 0;
75 static OrderedHashmap
*users
= NULL
, *groups
= NULL
;
76 static OrderedHashmap
*todo_uids
= NULL
, *todo_gids
= NULL
;
77 static OrderedHashmap
*members
= NULL
;
79 static Hashmap
*database_by_uid
= NULL
, *database_by_username
= NULL
;
80 static Hashmap
*database_by_gid
= NULL
, *database_by_groupname
= NULL
;
81 static Set
*database_users
= NULL
, *database_groups
= NULL
;
83 static uid_t search_uid
= UID_INVALID
;
84 static UidRange
*uid_range
= NULL
;
85 static unsigned n_uid_range
= 0;
87 static UGIDAllocationRange login_defs
= {};
88 static bool login_defs_need_warning
= false;
90 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(groups
, ordered_hashmap_freep
);
91 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(users
, ordered_hashmap_freep
);
92 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(members
, ordered_hashmap_freep
);
93 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(todo_uids
, ordered_hashmap_freep
);
94 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(todo_gids
, ordered_hashmap_freep
);
95 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_uid
, hashmap_freep
);
96 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_username
, hashmap_freep
);
97 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_users
, set_free_freep
);
98 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_gid
, hashmap_freep
);
99 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_groupname
, hashmap_freep
);
100 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_groups
, set_free_freep
);
101 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(uid_range
, freep
);
102 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root
, freep
);
103 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image
, freep
);
105 static int errno_is_not_exists(int code
) {
106 /* See getpwnam(3) and getgrnam(3): those codes and others can be returned if the user or group are
108 return IN_SET(code
, 0, ENOENT
, ESRCH
, EBADF
, EPERM
);
111 static void maybe_emit_login_defs_warning(void) {
112 if (!login_defs_need_warning
)
115 if (login_defs
.system_alloc_uid_min
!= SYSTEM_ALLOC_UID_MIN
||
116 login_defs
.system_uid_max
!= SYSTEM_UID_MAX
)
117 log_warning("login.defs specifies UID allocation range "UID_FMT
"–"UID_FMT
118 " that is different than the built-in defaults ("UID_FMT
"–"UID_FMT
")",
119 login_defs
.system_alloc_uid_min
, login_defs
.system_uid_max
,
120 SYSTEM_ALLOC_UID_MIN
, SYSTEM_UID_MAX
);
121 if (login_defs
.system_alloc_gid_min
!= SYSTEM_ALLOC_GID_MIN
||
122 login_defs
.system_gid_max
!= SYSTEM_GID_MAX
)
123 log_warning("login.defs specifies GID allocation range "GID_FMT
"–"GID_FMT
124 " that is different than the built-in defaults ("GID_FMT
"–"GID_FMT
")",
125 login_defs
.system_alloc_gid_min
, login_defs
.system_gid_max
,
126 SYSTEM_ALLOC_GID_MIN
, SYSTEM_GID_MAX
);
128 login_defs_need_warning
= false;
131 static int load_user_database(void) {
132 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *f
= NULL
;
133 const char *passwd_path
;
137 passwd_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/passwd");
138 f
= fopen(passwd_path
, "re");
140 return errno
== ENOENT
? 0 : -errno
;
142 r
= hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_username
, &string_hash_ops
);
146 r
= hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_uid
, NULL
);
150 r
= set_ensure_allocated(&database_users
, NULL
);
154 while ((r
= fgetpwent_sane(f
, &pw
)) > 0) {
158 n
= strdup(pw
->pw_name
);
162 k
= set_put(database_users
, n
);
168 k
= hashmap_put(database_by_username
, n
, UID_TO_PTR(pw
->pw_uid
));
169 if (k
< 0 && k
!= -EEXIST
)
172 q
= hashmap_put(database_by_uid
, UID_TO_PTR(pw
->pw_uid
), n
);
173 if (q
< 0 && q
!= -EEXIST
)
179 static int load_group_database(void) {
180 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *f
= NULL
;
181 const char *group_path
;
185 group_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/group");
186 f
= fopen(group_path
, "re");
188 return errno
== ENOENT
? 0 : -errno
;
190 r
= hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_groupname
, &string_hash_ops
);
194 r
= hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_gid
, NULL
);
198 r
= set_ensure_allocated(&database_groups
, NULL
);
202 while ((r
= fgetgrent_sane(f
, &gr
)) > 0) {
206 n
= strdup(gr
->gr_name
);
210 k
= set_put(database_groups
, n
);
216 k
= hashmap_put(database_by_groupname
, n
, GID_TO_PTR(gr
->gr_gid
));
217 if (k
< 0 && k
!= -EEXIST
)
220 q
= hashmap_put(database_by_gid
, GID_TO_PTR(gr
->gr_gid
), n
);
221 if (q
< 0 && q
!= -EEXIST
)
227 static int make_backup(const char *target
, const char *x
) {
228 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *dst_tmp
= NULL
;
229 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *dst
= NULL
;
230 _cleanup_close_
int src
= -1;
238 src
= open(x
, O_RDONLY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NOCTTY
);
240 if (errno
== ENOENT
) /* No backup necessary... */
246 if (fstat(src
, &st
) < 0)
249 r
= fopen_temporary_label(
250 target
, /* The path for which to the lookup the label */
251 x
, /* Where we want the file actually to end up */
253 &dst_tmp
/* The temporary file we write to */);
257 r
= copy_bytes(src
, fileno(dst
), (uint64_t) -1, COPY_REFLINK
);
261 backup
= strjoina(x
, "-");
263 /* Copy over the access mask. Don't fail on chmod() or chown(). If it stays owned by us and/or
264 * unreadable by others, then it isn't too bad... */
265 r
= fchmod_and_chown(fileno(dst
), st
.st_mode
& 07777, st
.st_uid
, st
.st_gid
);
267 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to change access mode or ownership of %s: %m", backup
);
269 if (futimens(fileno(dst
), (const struct timespec
[2]) { st
.st_atim
, st
.st_mtim
}) < 0)
270 log_warning_errno(errno
, "Failed to fix access and modification time of %s: %m", backup
);
272 r
= fsync_full(fileno(dst
));
276 if (rename(dst_tmp
, backup
) < 0)
279 dst_tmp
= mfree(dst_tmp
); /* disable the unlink_and_freep() hook now that the file has been renamed*/
283 static int putgrent_with_members(const struct group
*gr
, FILE *group
) {
289 a
= ordered_hashmap_get(members
, gr
->gr_name
);
291 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **l
= NULL
;
295 l
= strv_copy(gr
->gr_mem
);
300 if (strv_find(l
, *i
))
303 if (strv_extend(&l
, *i
) < 0)
319 r
= putgrent_sane(&t
, group
);
320 return r
< 0 ? r
: 1;
324 return putgrent_sane(gr
, group
);
328 static int putsgent_with_members(const struct sgrp
*sg
, FILE *gshadow
) {
334 a
= ordered_hashmap_get(members
, sg
->sg_namp
);
336 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **l
= NULL
;
340 l
= strv_copy(sg
->sg_mem
);
345 if (strv_find(l
, *i
))
348 if (strv_extend(&l
, *i
) < 0)
364 r
= putsgent_sane(&t
, gshadow
);
365 return r
< 0 ? r
: 1;
369 return putsgent_sane(sg
, gshadow
);
373 static const char* default_shell(uid_t uid
) {
374 return uid
== 0 ? "/bin/sh" : NOLOGIN
;
377 static int write_temporary_passwd(const char *passwd_path
, FILE **tmpfile
, char **tmpfile_path
) {
378 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *original
= NULL
, *passwd
= NULL
;
379 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *passwd_tmp
= NULL
;
380 struct passwd
*pw
= NULL
;
384 if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_uids
) == 0)
387 r
= fopen_temporary_label("/etc/passwd", passwd_path
, &passwd
, &passwd_tmp
);
391 original
= fopen(passwd_path
, "re");
394 r
= sync_rights(fileno(original
), fileno(passwd
));
398 while ((r
= fgetpwent_sane(original
, &pw
)) > 0) {
400 i
= ordered_hashmap_get(users
, pw
->pw_name
);
401 if (i
&& i
->todo_user
)
402 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST
),
403 "%s: User \"%s\" already exists.",
404 passwd_path
, pw
->pw_name
);
406 if (ordered_hashmap_contains(todo_uids
, UID_TO_PTR(pw
->pw_uid
)))
407 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST
),
408 "%s: Detected collision for UID " UID_FMT
".",
409 passwd_path
, pw
->pw_uid
);
411 /* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */
412 if (IN_SET(pw
->pw_name
[0], '+', '-'))
415 r
= putpwent_sane(pw
, passwd
);
425 if (fchmod(fileno(passwd
), 0644) < 0)
429 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, todo_uids
) {
434 .pw_gecos
= i
->description
,
436 /* "x" means the password is stored in the shadow file */
437 .pw_passwd
= (char*) "x",
439 /* We default to the root directory as home */
440 .pw_dir
= i
->home
?: (char*) "/",
442 /* Initialize the shell to nologin, with one exception:
443 * for root we patch in something special */
444 .pw_shell
= i
->shell
?: (char*) default_shell(i
->uid
),
447 r
= putpwent_sane(&n
, passwd
);
452 /* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */
454 r
= putpwent_sane(pw
, passwd
);
458 r
= fgetpwent_sane(original
, &pw
);
465 r
= fflush_and_check(passwd
);
469 *tmpfile
= TAKE_PTR(passwd
);
470 *tmpfile_path
= TAKE_PTR(passwd_tmp
);
475 static int write_temporary_shadow(const char *shadow_path
, FILE **tmpfile
, char **tmpfile_path
) {
476 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *original
= NULL
, *shadow
= NULL
;
477 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *shadow_tmp
= NULL
;
478 struct spwd
*sp
= NULL
;
483 if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_uids
) == 0)
486 r
= fopen_temporary_label("/etc/shadow", shadow_path
, &shadow
, &shadow_tmp
);
490 lstchg
= (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME
) / USEC_PER_DAY
);
492 original
= fopen(shadow_path
, "re");
495 r
= sync_rights(fileno(original
), fileno(shadow
));
499 while ((r
= fgetspent_sane(original
, &sp
)) > 0) {
501 i
= ordered_hashmap_get(users
, sp
->sp_namp
);
502 if (i
&& i
->todo_user
) {
503 /* we will update the existing entry */
504 sp
->sp_lstchg
= lstchg
;
506 /* only the /etc/shadow stage is left, so we can
507 * safely remove the item from the todo set */
508 i
->todo_user
= false;
509 ordered_hashmap_remove(todo_uids
, UID_TO_PTR(i
->uid
));
512 /* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */
513 if (IN_SET(sp
->sp_namp
[0], '+', '-'))
516 r
= putspent_sane(sp
, shadow
);
526 if (fchmod(fileno(shadow
), 0000) < 0)
530 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, todo_uids
) {
533 .sp_pwdp
= (char*) "!*", /* lock this password, and make it invalid */
540 .sp_flag
= (unsigned long) -1, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */
543 r
= putspent_sane(&n
, shadow
);
548 /* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */
550 r
= putspent_sane(sp
, shadow
);
554 r
= fgetspent_sane(original
, &sp
);
560 if (!IN_SET(errno
, 0, ENOENT
))
563 r
= fflush_sync_and_check(shadow
);
567 *tmpfile
= TAKE_PTR(shadow
);
568 *tmpfile_path
= TAKE_PTR(shadow_tmp
);
573 static int write_temporary_group(const char *group_path
, FILE **tmpfile
, char **tmpfile_path
) {
574 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *original
= NULL
, *group
= NULL
;
575 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *group_tmp
= NULL
;
576 bool group_changed
= false;
577 struct group
*gr
= NULL
;
581 if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_gids
) == 0 && ordered_hashmap_size(members
) == 0)
584 r
= fopen_temporary_label("/etc/group", group_path
, &group
, &group_tmp
);
588 original
= fopen(group_path
, "re");
591 r
= sync_rights(fileno(original
), fileno(group
));
595 while ((r
= fgetgrent_sane(original
, &gr
)) > 0) {
596 /* Safety checks against name and GID collisions. Normally,
597 * this should be unnecessary, but given that we look at the
598 * entries anyway here, let's make an extra verification
599 * step that we don't generate duplicate entries. */
601 i
= ordered_hashmap_get(groups
, gr
->gr_name
);
602 if (i
&& i
->todo_group
)
603 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST
),
604 "%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.",
605 group_path
, gr
->gr_name
);
607 if (ordered_hashmap_contains(todo_gids
, GID_TO_PTR(gr
->gr_gid
)))
608 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST
),
609 "%s: Detected collision for GID " GID_FMT
".",
610 group_path
, gr
->gr_gid
);
612 /* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */
613 if (IN_SET(gr
->gr_name
[0], '+', '-'))
616 r
= putgrent_with_members(gr
, group
);
620 group_changed
= true;
628 if (fchmod(fileno(group
), 0644) < 0)
632 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, todo_gids
) {
636 .gr_passwd
= (char*) "x",
639 r
= putgrent_with_members(&n
, group
);
643 group_changed
= true;
646 /* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */
648 r
= putgrent_sane(gr
, group
);
652 r
= fgetgrent_sane(original
, &gr
);
659 r
= fflush_sync_and_check(group
);
664 *tmpfile
= TAKE_PTR(group
);
665 *tmpfile_path
= TAKE_PTR(group_tmp
);
670 static int write_temporary_gshadow(const char * gshadow_path
, FILE **tmpfile
, char **tmpfile_path
) {
672 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *original
= NULL
, *gshadow
= NULL
;
673 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *gshadow_tmp
= NULL
;
674 bool group_changed
= false;
678 if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_gids
) == 0 && ordered_hashmap_size(members
) == 0)
681 r
= fopen_temporary_label("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path
, &gshadow
, &gshadow_tmp
);
685 original
= fopen(gshadow_path
, "re");
689 r
= sync_rights(fileno(original
), fileno(gshadow
));
693 while ((r
= fgetsgent_sane(original
, &sg
)) > 0) {
695 i
= ordered_hashmap_get(groups
, sg
->sg_namp
);
696 if (i
&& i
->todo_group
)
697 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST
),
698 "%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.",
699 gshadow_path
, sg
->sg_namp
);
701 r
= putsgent_with_members(sg
, gshadow
);
705 group_changed
= true;
713 if (fchmod(fileno(gshadow
), 0000) < 0)
717 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, todo_gids
) {
720 .sg_passwd
= (char*) "!*",
723 r
= putsgent_with_members(&n
, gshadow
);
727 group_changed
= true;
730 r
= fflush_sync_and_check(gshadow
);
735 *tmpfile
= TAKE_PTR(gshadow
);
736 *tmpfile_path
= TAKE_PTR(gshadow_tmp
);
744 static int write_files(void) {
745 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *passwd
= NULL
, *group
= NULL
, *shadow
= NULL
, *gshadow
= NULL
;
746 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep
) char *passwd_tmp
= NULL
, *group_tmp
= NULL
, *shadow_tmp
= NULL
, *gshadow_tmp
= NULL
;
747 const char *passwd_path
= NULL
, *group_path
= NULL
, *shadow_path
= NULL
, *gshadow_path
= NULL
;
750 passwd_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/passwd");
751 shadow_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/shadow");
752 group_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/group");
753 gshadow_path
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, "/etc/gshadow");
755 r
= write_temporary_group(group_path
, &group
, &group_tmp
);
759 r
= write_temporary_gshadow(gshadow_path
, &gshadow
, &gshadow_tmp
);
763 r
= write_temporary_passwd(passwd_path
, &passwd
, &passwd_tmp
);
767 r
= write_temporary_shadow(shadow_path
, &shadow
, &shadow_tmp
);
771 /* Make a backup of the old files */
773 r
= make_backup("/etc/group", group_path
);
778 r
= make_backup("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path
);
784 r
= make_backup("/etc/passwd", passwd_path
);
789 r
= make_backup("/etc/shadow", shadow_path
);
794 /* And make the new files count */
796 r
= rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(group_tmp
, group_path
);
800 group_tmp
= mfree(group_tmp
);
803 r
= rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(gshadow_tmp
, gshadow_path
);
807 gshadow_tmp
= mfree(gshadow_tmp
);
811 r
= rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(passwd_tmp
, passwd_path
);
815 passwd_tmp
= mfree(passwd_tmp
);
818 r
= rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(shadow_tmp
, shadow_path
);
822 shadow_tmp
= mfree(shadow_tmp
);
828 static int uid_is_ok(uid_t uid
, const char *name
, bool check_with_gid
) {
834 /* Let's see if we already have assigned the UID a second time */
835 if (ordered_hashmap_get(todo_uids
, UID_TO_PTR(uid
)))
838 /* Try to avoid using uids that are already used by a group
839 * that doesn't have the same name as our new user. */
840 if (check_with_gid
) {
841 i
= ordered_hashmap_get(todo_gids
, GID_TO_PTR(uid
));
842 if (i
&& !streq(i
->name
, name
))
846 /* Let's check the files directly */
847 if (hashmap_contains(database_by_uid
, UID_TO_PTR(uid
)))
850 if (check_with_gid
) {
851 n
= hashmap_get(database_by_gid
, GID_TO_PTR(uid
));
852 if (n
&& !streq(n
, name
))
856 /* Let's also check via NSS, to avoid UID clashes over LDAP and such, just in case */
862 if (!IN_SET(errno
, 0, ENOENT
))
865 if (check_with_gid
) {
867 g
= getgrgid((gid_t
) uid
);
869 if (!streq(g
->gr_name
, name
))
871 } else if (!IN_SET(errno
, 0, ENOENT
))
879 static int root_stat(const char *p
, struct stat
*st
) {
882 fix
= prefix_roota(arg_root
, p
);
883 if (stat(fix
, st
) < 0)
889 static int read_id_from_file(Item
*i
, uid_t
*_uid
, gid_t
*_gid
) {
891 bool found_uid
= false, found_gid
= false;
897 /* First, try to get the gid directly */
898 if (_gid
&& i
->gid_path
&& root_stat(i
->gid_path
, &st
) >= 0) {
903 /* Then, try to get the uid directly */
904 if ((_uid
|| (_gid
&& !found_gid
))
906 && root_stat(i
->uid_path
, &st
) >= 0) {
911 /* If we need the gid, but had no success yet, also derive it from the uid path */
912 if (_gid
&& !found_gid
) {
918 /* If that didn't work yet, then let's reuse the gid as uid */
919 if (_uid
&& !found_uid
&& i
->gid_path
) {
924 } else if (root_stat(i
->gid_path
, &st
) >= 0) {
925 uid
= (uid_t
) st
.st_gid
;
947 static int add_user(Item
*i
) {
953 /* Check the database directly */
954 z
= hashmap_get(database_by_username
, i
->name
);
956 log_debug("User %s already exists.", i
->name
);
957 i
->uid
= PTR_TO_UID(z
);
967 p
= getpwnam(i
->name
);
969 log_debug("User %s already exists.", i
->name
);
973 r
= free_and_strdup(&i
->description
, p
->pw_gecos
);
979 if (!errno_is_not_exists(errno
))
980 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to check if user %s already exists: %m", i
->name
);
983 /* Try to use the suggested numeric uid */
985 r
= uid_is_ok(i
->uid
, i
->name
, !i
->id_set_strict
);
987 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT
": %m", i
->uid
);
989 log_debug("Suggested user ID " UID_FMT
" for %s already used.", i
->uid
, i
->name
);
994 /* If that didn't work, try to read it from the specified path */
998 if (read_id_from_file(i
, &c
, NULL
) > 0) {
1000 if (c
<= 0 || !uid_range_contains(uid_range
, n_uid_range
, c
))
1001 log_debug("User ID " UID_FMT
" of file not suitable for %s.", c
, i
->name
);
1003 r
= uid_is_ok(c
, i
->name
, true);
1005 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT
": %m", i
->uid
);
1010 log_debug("User ID " UID_FMT
" of file for %s is already used.", c
, i
->name
);
1015 /* Otherwise, try to reuse the group ID */
1016 if (!i
->uid_set
&& i
->gid_set
) {
1017 r
= uid_is_ok((uid_t
) i
->gid
, i
->name
, true);
1019 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT
": %m", i
->uid
);
1021 i
->uid
= (uid_t
) i
->gid
;
1026 /* And if that didn't work either, let's try to find a free one */
1028 maybe_emit_login_defs_warning();
1031 r
= uid_range_next_lower(uid_range
, n_uid_range
, &search_uid
);
1033 return log_error_errno(r
, "No free user ID available for %s.", i
->name
);
1035 r
= uid_is_ok(search_uid
, i
->name
, true);
1037 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT
": %m", i
->uid
);
1043 i
->uid
= search_uid
;
1046 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&todo_uids
, NULL
);
1050 r
= ordered_hashmap_put(todo_uids
, UID_TO_PTR(i
->uid
), i
);
1054 i
->todo_user
= true;
1055 log_info("Creating user %s (%s) with uid " UID_FMT
" and gid " GID_FMT
".", i
->name
, strna(i
->description
), i
->uid
, i
->gid
);
1060 static int gid_is_ok(gid_t gid
) {
1064 if (ordered_hashmap_get(todo_gids
, GID_TO_PTR(gid
)))
1067 /* Avoid reusing gids that are already used by a different user */
1068 if (ordered_hashmap_get(todo_uids
, UID_TO_PTR(gid
)))
1071 if (hashmap_contains(database_by_gid
, GID_TO_PTR(gid
)))
1074 if (hashmap_contains(database_by_uid
, UID_TO_PTR(gid
)))
1082 if (!IN_SET(errno
, 0, ENOENT
))
1086 p
= getpwuid((uid_t
) gid
);
1089 if (!IN_SET(errno
, 0, ENOENT
))
1096 static int get_gid_by_name(const char *name
, gid_t
*gid
) {
1101 /* Check the database directly */
1102 z
= hashmap_get(database_by_groupname
, name
);
1104 *gid
= PTR_TO_GID(z
);
1108 /* Also check NSS */
1118 if (!errno_is_not_exists(errno
))
1119 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to check if group %s already exists: %m", name
);
1125 static int add_group(Item
*i
) {
1130 r
= get_gid_by_name(i
->name
, &i
->gid
);
1134 log_debug("Group %s already exists.", i
->name
);
1139 /* Try to use the suggested numeric gid */
1141 r
= gid_is_ok(i
->gid
);
1143 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT
": %m", i
->gid
);
1144 if (i
->id_set_strict
) {
1145 /* If we require the gid to already exist we can return here:
1146 * r > 0: means the gid does not exist -> fail
1147 * r == 0: means the gid exists -> nothing more to do.
1150 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1151 "Failed to create %s: please create GID %d",
1157 log_debug("Suggested group ID " GID_FMT
" for %s already used.", i
->gid
, i
->name
);
1162 /* Try to reuse the numeric uid, if there's one */
1163 if (!i
->gid_set
&& i
->uid_set
) {
1164 r
= gid_is_ok((gid_t
) i
->uid
);
1166 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT
": %m", i
->gid
);
1168 i
->gid
= (gid_t
) i
->uid
;
1173 /* If that didn't work, try to read it from the specified path */
1177 if (read_id_from_file(i
, NULL
, &c
) > 0) {
1179 if (c
<= 0 || !uid_range_contains(uid_range
, n_uid_range
, c
))
1180 log_debug("Group ID " GID_FMT
" of file not suitable for %s.", c
, i
->name
);
1184 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT
": %m", i
->gid
);
1189 log_debug("Group ID " GID_FMT
" of file for %s already used.", c
, i
->name
);
1194 /* And if that didn't work either, let's try to find a free one */
1196 maybe_emit_login_defs_warning();
1199 /* We look for new GIDs in the UID pool! */
1200 r
= uid_range_next_lower(uid_range
, n_uid_range
, &search_uid
);
1202 return log_error_errno(r
, "No free group ID available for %s.", i
->name
);
1204 r
= gid_is_ok(search_uid
);
1206 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT
": %m", i
->gid
);
1212 i
->gid
= search_uid
;
1215 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&todo_gids
, NULL
);
1219 r
= ordered_hashmap_put(todo_gids
, GID_TO_PTR(i
->gid
), i
);
1223 i
->todo_group
= true;
1224 log_info("Creating group %s with gid " GID_FMT
".", i
->name
, i
->gid
);
1229 static int process_item(Item
*i
) {
1239 j
= ordered_hashmap_get(groups
, i
->group_name
?: i
->name
);
1240 if (j
&& j
->todo_group
) {
1241 /* When a group with the target name is already in queue,
1242 * use the information about the group and do not create
1243 * duplicated group entry. */
1244 i
->gid_set
= j
->gid_set
;
1246 i
->id_set_strict
= true;
1247 } else if (i
->group_name
) {
1248 /* When a group name was given instead of a GID and it's
1249 * not in queue, then it must already exist. */
1250 r
= get_gid_by_name(i
->group_name
, &i
->gid
);
1252 return log_error_errno(r
, "Group %s not found.", i
->group_name
);
1254 i
->id_set_strict
= true;
1265 return add_group(i
);
1268 assert_not_reached("Unknown item type");
1272 static Item
* item_free(Item
*i
) {
1277 free(i
->group_name
);
1280 free(i
->description
);
1286 DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(Item
*, item_free
);
1287 DEFINE_PRIVATE_HASH_OPS_WITH_VALUE_DESTRUCTOR(item_hash_ops
, char, string_hash_func
, string_compare_func
, Item
, item_free
);
1289 static int add_implicit(void) {
1293 /* Implicitly create additional users and groups, if they were listed in "m" lines */
1294 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(l
, g
, members
) {
1298 if (!ordered_hashmap_get(users
, *m
)) {
1299 _cleanup_(item_freep
) Item
*j
= NULL
;
1301 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&users
, &item_hash_ops
);
1310 j
->name
= strdup(*m
);
1314 r
= ordered_hashmap_put(users
, j
->name
, j
);
1318 log_debug("Adding implicit user '%s' due to m line", j
->name
);
1322 if (!(ordered_hashmap_get(users
, g
) ||
1323 ordered_hashmap_get(groups
, g
))) {
1324 _cleanup_(item_freep
) Item
*j
= NULL
;
1326 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&groups
, &item_hash_ops
);
1334 j
->type
= ADD_GROUP
;
1335 j
->name
= strdup(g
);
1339 r
= ordered_hashmap_put(groups
, j
->name
, j
);
1343 log_debug("Adding implicit group '%s' due to m line", j
->name
);
1351 static bool item_equal(Item
*a
, Item
*b
) {
1355 if (a
->type
!= b
->type
)
1358 if (!streq_ptr(a
->name
, b
->name
))
1361 if (!streq_ptr(a
->uid_path
, b
->uid_path
))
1364 if (!streq_ptr(a
->gid_path
, b
->gid_path
))
1367 if (!streq_ptr(a
->description
, b
->description
))
1370 if (a
->uid_set
!= b
->uid_set
)
1373 if (a
->uid_set
&& a
->uid
!= b
->uid
)
1376 if (a
->gid_set
!= b
->gid_set
)
1379 if (a
->gid_set
&& a
->gid
!= b
->gid
)
1382 if (!streq_ptr(a
->home
, b
->home
))
1385 if (!streq_ptr(a
->shell
, b
->shell
))
1391 static int parse_line(const char *fname
, unsigned line
, const char *buffer
) {
1393 static const Specifier specifier_table
[] = {
1394 { 'm', specifier_machine_id
, NULL
},
1395 { 'b', specifier_boot_id
, NULL
},
1396 { 'H', specifier_host_name
, NULL
},
1397 { 'l', specifier_short_host_name
, NULL
},
1398 { 'v', specifier_kernel_release
, NULL
},
1399 { 'a', specifier_architecture
, NULL
},
1400 { 'o', specifier_os_id
, NULL
},
1401 { 'w', specifier_os_version_id
, NULL
},
1402 { 'B', specifier_os_build_id
, NULL
},
1403 { 'W', specifier_os_variant_id
, NULL
},
1404 { 'T', specifier_tmp_dir
, NULL
},
1405 { 'V', specifier_var_tmp_dir
, NULL
},
1409 _cleanup_free_
char *action
= NULL
,
1410 *name
= NULL
, *resolved_name
= NULL
,
1411 *id
= NULL
, *resolved_id
= NULL
,
1412 *description
= NULL
, *resolved_description
= NULL
,
1413 *home
= NULL
, *resolved_home
= NULL
,
1414 *shell
= NULL
, *resolved_shell
= NULL
;
1415 _cleanup_(item_freep
) Item
*i
= NULL
;
1427 r
= extract_many_words(&p
, NULL
, EXTRACT_UNQUOTE
,
1428 &action
, &name
, &id
, &description
, &home
, &shell
, NULL
);
1430 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Syntax error.", fname
, line
);
1432 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1433 "[%s:%u] Missing action and name columns.", fname
, line
);
1435 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1436 "[%s:%u] Trailing garbage.", fname
, line
);
1439 if (strlen(action
) != 1)
1440 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1441 "[%s:%u] Unknown modifier '%s'", fname
, line
, action
);
1443 if (!IN_SET(action
[0], ADD_USER
, ADD_GROUP
, ADD_MEMBER
, ADD_RANGE
))
1444 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EBADMSG
),
1445 "[%s:%u] Unknown command type '%c'.", fname
, line
, action
[0]);
1448 if (empty_or_dash(name
))
1452 r
= specifier_printf(name
, specifier_table
, NULL
, &resolved_name
);
1454 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers in '%s': %m", fname
, line
, name
);
1456 if (!valid_user_group_name(resolved_name
, 0))
1457 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1458 "[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid user or group name.",
1459 fname
, line
, resolved_name
);
1463 if (empty_or_dash(id
))
1467 r
= specifier_printf(id
, specifier_table
, NULL
, &resolved_id
);
1469 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers in '%s': %m",
1473 /* Verify description */
1474 if (empty_or_dash(description
))
1475 description
= mfree(description
);
1478 r
= specifier_printf(description
, specifier_table
, NULL
, &resolved_description
);
1480 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers in '%s': %m",
1481 fname
, line
, description
);
1483 if (!valid_gecos(resolved_description
))
1484 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1485 "[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid GECOS field.",
1486 fname
, line
, resolved_description
);
1490 if (empty_or_dash(home
))
1494 r
= specifier_printf(home
, specifier_table
, NULL
, &resolved_home
);
1496 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers in '%s': %m",
1499 if (!valid_home(resolved_home
))
1500 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1501 "[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid home directory field.",
1502 fname
, line
, resolved_home
);
1506 if (empty_or_dash(shell
))
1507 shell
= mfree(shell
);
1510 r
= specifier_printf(shell
, specifier_table
, NULL
, &resolved_shell
);
1512 return log_error_errno(r
, "[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers in '%s': %m",
1513 fname
, line
, shell
);
1515 if (!valid_shell(resolved_shell
))
1516 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1517 "[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid login shell field.",
1518 fname
, line
, resolved_shell
);
1521 switch (action
[0]) {
1525 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1526 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' don't take a name field.",
1530 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1531 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' require a ID range in the third field.",
1534 if (description
|| home
|| shell
)
1535 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1536 "[%s:%u] Lines of type '%c' don't take a %s field.",
1537 fname
, line
, action
[0],
1538 description
? "GECOS" : home
? "home directory" : "login shell");
1540 r
= uid_range_add_str(&uid_range
, &n_uid_range
, resolved_id
);
1542 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1543 "[%s:%u] Invalid UID range %s.", fname
, line
, resolved_id
);
1548 /* Try to extend an existing member or group item */
1550 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1551 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' require a user name in the second field.",
1555 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1556 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' require a group name in the third field.",
1559 if (!valid_user_group_name(resolved_id
, 0))
1560 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1561 "[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid user or group name.",
1562 fname
, line
, resolved_id
);
1564 if (description
|| home
|| shell
)
1565 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1566 "[%s:%u] Lines of type '%c' don't take a %s field.",
1567 fname
, line
, action
[0],
1568 description
? "GECOS" : home
? "home directory" : "login shell");
1570 r
= string_strv_ordered_hashmap_put(&members
, resolved_id
, resolved_name
);
1572 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to store mapping for %s: %m", resolved_id
);
1579 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1580 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'u' require a user name in the second field.",
1583 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&users
, &item_hash_ops
);
1592 if (path_is_absolute(resolved_id
)) {
1593 i
->uid_path
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_id
);
1594 path_simplify(i
->uid_path
, false);
1596 _cleanup_free_
char *uid
= NULL
, *gid
= NULL
;
1597 if (split_pair(resolved_id
, ":", &uid
, &gid
) == 0) {
1598 r
= parse_gid(gid
, &i
->gid
);
1600 if (valid_user_group_name(gid
, 0))
1601 i
->group_name
= TAKE_PTR(gid
);
1603 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse GID: '%s': %m", id
);
1606 i
->id_set_strict
= true;
1608 free_and_replace(resolved_id
, uid
);
1610 if (!streq(resolved_id
, "-")) {
1611 r
= parse_uid(resolved_id
, &i
->uid
);
1613 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse UID: '%s': %m", id
);
1619 i
->description
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_description
);
1620 i
->home
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_home
);
1621 i
->shell
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_shell
);
1628 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1629 "[%s:%u] Lines of type 'g' require a user name in the second field.",
1632 if (description
|| home
|| shell
)
1633 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1634 "[%s:%u] Lines of type '%c' don't take a %s field.",
1635 fname
, line
, action
[0],
1636 description
? "GECOS" : home
? "home directory" : "login shell");
1638 r
= ordered_hashmap_ensure_allocated(&groups
, &item_hash_ops
);
1647 if (path_is_absolute(resolved_id
)) {
1648 i
->gid_path
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_id
);
1649 path_simplify(i
->gid_path
, false);
1651 r
= parse_gid(resolved_id
, &i
->gid
);
1653 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse GID: '%s': %m", id
);
1666 i
->type
= action
[0];
1667 i
->name
= TAKE_PTR(resolved_name
);
1669 existing
= ordered_hashmap_get(h
, i
->name
);
1671 /* Two identical items are fine */
1672 if (!item_equal(existing
, i
))
1673 log_warning("Two or more conflicting lines for %s configured, ignoring.", i
->name
);
1678 r
= ordered_hashmap_put(h
, i
->name
, i
);
1686 static int read_config_file(const char *fn
, bool ignore_enoent
) {
1687 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *rf
= NULL
;
1697 r
= search_and_fopen(fn
, "re", arg_root
, (const char**) CONF_PATHS_STRV("sysusers.d"), &rf
);
1699 if (ignore_enoent
&& r
== -ENOENT
)
1702 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to open '%s', ignoring: %m", fn
);
1709 _cleanup_free_
char *line
= NULL
;
1713 k
= read_line(f
, LONG_LINE_MAX
, &line
);
1715 return log_error_errno(k
, "Failed to read '%s': %m", fn
);
1722 if (IN_SET(*l
, 0, '#'))
1725 k
= parse_line(fn
, v
, l
);
1726 if (k
< 0 && r
== 0)
1731 log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to read from file %s: %m", fn
);
1739 static int cat_config(void) {
1740 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **files
= NULL
;
1743 r
= conf_files_list_with_replacement(arg_root
, CONF_PATHS_STRV("sysusers.d"), arg_replace
, &files
, NULL
);
1747 (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags
);
1749 return cat_files(NULL
, files
, 0);
1752 static int help(void) {
1753 _cleanup_free_
char *link
= NULL
;
1756 r
= terminal_urlify_man("systemd-sysusers.service", "8", &link
);
1760 printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [CONFIGURATION FILE...]\n\n"
1761 "Creates system user accounts.\n\n"
1762 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1763 " --version Show package version\n"
1764 " --cat-config Show configuration files\n"
1765 " --root=PATH Operate on an alternate filesystem root\n"
1766 " --image=PATH Operate on disk image as filesystem root\n"
1767 " --replace=PATH Treat arguments as replacement for PATH\n"
1768 " --inline Treat arguments as configuration lines\n"
1769 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
1770 "\nSee the %s for details.\n"
1771 , program_invocation_short_name
1778 static int parse_argv(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
1781 ARG_VERSION
= 0x100,
1790 static const struct option options
[] = {
1791 { "help", no_argument
, NULL
, 'h' },
1792 { "version", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_VERSION
},
1793 { "cat-config", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_CAT_CONFIG
},
1794 { "root", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_ROOT
},
1795 { "image", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_IMAGE
},
1796 { "replace", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_REPLACE
},
1797 { "inline", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_INLINE
},
1798 { "no-pager", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NO_PAGER
},
1807 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "h", options
, NULL
)) >= 0)
1817 case ARG_CAT_CONFIG
:
1818 arg_cat_config
= true;
1822 r
= parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg
, /* suppress_root= */ false, &arg_root
);
1829 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP
),
1830 "This systemd-sysusers version is compiled without support for --image=.");
1832 r
= parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg
, /* suppress_root= */ false, &arg_image
);
1839 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg
) ||
1840 !endswith(optarg
, ".conf"))
1841 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1842 "The argument to --replace= must an absolute path to a config file");
1844 arg_replace
= optarg
;
1852 arg_pager_flags
|= PAGER_DISABLE
;
1859 assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
1862 if (arg_replace
&& arg_cat_config
)
1863 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1864 "Option --replace= is not supported with --cat-config");
1866 if (arg_replace
&& optind
>= argc
)
1867 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
),
1868 "When --replace= is given, some configuration items must be specified");
1870 if (arg_image
&& arg_root
)
1871 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL
), "Please specify either --root= or --image=, the combination of both is not supported.");
1876 static int parse_arguments(char **args
) {
1881 STRV_FOREACH(arg
, args
) {
1883 /* Use (argument):n, where n==1 for the first positional arg */
1884 r
= parse_line("(argument)", pos
, *arg
);
1886 r
= read_config_file(*arg
, false);
1896 static int read_config_files(char **args
) {
1897 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **files
= NULL
;
1898 _cleanup_free_
char *p
= NULL
;
1902 r
= conf_files_list_with_replacement(arg_root
, CONF_PATHS_STRV("sysusers.d"), arg_replace
, &files
, &p
);
1906 STRV_FOREACH(f
, files
)
1907 if (p
&& path_equal(*f
, p
)) {
1908 log_debug("Parsing arguments at position \"%s\"…", *f
);
1910 r
= parse_arguments(args
);
1914 log_debug("Reading config file \"%s\"…", *f
);
1916 /* Just warn, ignore result otherwise */
1917 (void) read_config_file(*f
, true);
1923 static int run(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
1925 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp
) LoopDevice
*loop_device
= NULL
;
1926 _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp
) DecryptedImage
*decrypted_image
= NULL
;
1927 _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep
) char *unlink_dir
= NULL
;
1929 _cleanup_close_
int lock
= -1;
1933 r
= parse_argv(argc
, argv
);
1937 log_setup_service();
1940 return cat_config();
1944 r
= mac_selinux_init();
1952 r
= mount_image_privately_interactively(
1954 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT
|DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS
|DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK
|DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK
,
1961 arg_root
= strdup(unlink_dir
);
1969 /* If command line arguments are specified along with --replace, read all
1970 * configuration files and insert the positional arguments at the specified
1971 * place. Otherwise, if command line arguments are specified, execute just
1972 * them, and finally, without --replace= or any positional arguments, just
1973 * read configuration and execute it.
1975 if (arg_replace
|| optind
>= argc
)
1976 r
= read_config_files(argv
+ optind
);
1978 r
= parse_arguments(argv
+ optind
);
1982 /* Let's tell nss-systemd not to synthesize the "root" and "nobody" entries for it, so that our detection
1983 * whether the names or UID/GID area already used otherwise doesn't get confused. After all, even though
1984 * nss-systemd synthesizes these users/groups, they should still appear in /etc/passwd and /etc/group, as the
1985 * synthesizing logic is merely supposed to be fallback for cases where we run with a completely unpopulated
1987 if (setenv("SYSTEMD_NSS_BYPASS_SYNTHETIC", "1", 1) < 0)
1988 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to set SYSTEMD_NSS_BYPASS_SYNTHETIC environment variable: %m");
1991 /* Default to default range of SYSTEMD_UID_MIN..SYSTEM_UID_MAX. */
1992 r
= read_login_defs(&login_defs
, NULL
, arg_root
);
1994 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to read %s%s: %m",
1995 strempty(arg_root
), "/etc/login.defs");
1997 login_defs_need_warning
= true;
1999 /* We pick a range that very conservative: we look at compiled-in maximum and the value in
2000 * /etc/login.defs. That way the uids/gids which we allocate will be interpreted correctly,
2001 * even if /etc/login.defs is removed later. (The bottom bound doesn't matter much, since
2002 * it's only used during allocation, so we use the configured value directly). */
2003 uid_t begin
= login_defs
.system_alloc_uid_min
,
2004 end
= MIN3((uid_t
) SYSTEM_UID_MAX
, login_defs
.system_uid_max
, login_defs
.system_gid_max
);
2006 r
= uid_range_add(&uid_range
, &n_uid_range
, begin
, end
- begin
+ 1);
2016 lock
= take_etc_passwd_lock(arg_root
);
2018 return log_error_errno(lock
, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
2020 r
= load_user_database();
2022 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to load user database: %m");
2024 r
= load_group_database();
2026 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to read group database: %m");
2028 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, groups
)
2029 (void) process_item(i
);
2031 ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i
, users
)
2032 (void) process_item(i
);
2036 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to write files: %m");
2041 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION(run
);