2 * ata_id - reads product/serial number from ATA drives
4 * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
5 * Copyright (C) 2009 Lennart Poettering <lennart@poettering.net>
6 * Copyright (C) 2009-2010 David Zeuthen <zeuthen@gmail.com>
8 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
11 * (at your option) any later version.
13 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 * GNU General Public License for more details.
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
33 #include <scsi/scsi_ioctl.h>
34 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
35 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <linux/types.h>
38 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
40 #include <linux/cdrom.h>
41 #include <linux/bsg.h>
42 #include <arpa/inet.h>
45 #include "libudev-private.h"
47 #define COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC (30 * 1000)
49 static int disk_scsi_inquiry_command(int fd
,
53 struct sg_io_v4 io_v4
;
59 * INQUIRY, see SPC-4 section 6.4
61 memset(cdb
, 0, sizeof(cdb
));
62 cdb
[0] = 0x12; /* OPERATION CODE: INQUIRY */
63 cdb
[3] = (buf_len
>> 8); /* ALLOCATION LENGTH */
64 cdb
[4] = (buf_len
& 0xff);
66 memset(sense
, 0, sizeof(sense
));
68 memset(&io_v4
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_v4
));
70 io_v4
.protocol
= BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI
;
71 io_v4
.subprotocol
= BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD
;
72 io_v4
.request_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
73 io_v4
.request
= (uintptr_t) cdb
;
74 io_v4
.max_response_len
= sizeof (sense
);
75 io_v4
.response
= (uintptr_t) sense
;
76 io_v4
.din_xfer_len
= buf_len
;
77 io_v4
.din_xferp
= (uintptr_t) buf
;
78 io_v4
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
80 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_v4
);
82 /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */
83 if (errno
== EINVAL
) {
84 struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr
;
86 memset(&io_hdr
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_hdr
));
87 io_hdr
.interface_id
= 'S';
88 io_hdr
.cmdp
= (unsigned char*) cdb
;
89 io_hdr
.cmd_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
91 io_hdr
.dxfer_len
= buf_len
;
93 io_hdr
.mx_sb_len
= sizeof (sense
);
94 io_hdr
.dxfer_direction
= SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV
;
95 io_hdr
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
97 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_hdr
);
101 /* even if the ioctl succeeds, we need to check the return value */
102 if (!(io_hdr
.status
== 0 &&
103 io_hdr
.host_status
== 0 &&
104 io_hdr
.driver_status
== 0)) {
114 /* even if the ioctl succeeds, we need to check the return value */
115 if (!(io_v4
.device_status
== 0 &&
116 io_v4
.transport_status
== 0 &&
117 io_v4
.driver_status
== 0)) {
127 static int disk_identify_command(int fd
,
131 struct sg_io_v4 io_v4
;
134 uint8_t *desc
= sense
+8;
138 * ATA Pass-Through 12 byte command, as described in
140 * T10 04-262r8 ATA Command Pass-Through
142 * from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/document.04/04-262r8.pdf
144 memset(cdb
, 0, sizeof(cdb
));
145 cdb
[0] = 0xa1; /* OPERATION CODE: 12 byte pass through */
146 cdb
[1] = 4 << 1; /* PROTOCOL: PIO Data-in */
147 cdb
[2] = 0x2e; /* OFF_LINE=0, CK_COND=1, T_DIR=1, BYT_BLOK=1, T_LENGTH=2 */
148 cdb
[3] = 0; /* FEATURES */
149 cdb
[4] = 1; /* SECTORS */
150 cdb
[5] = 0; /* LBA LOW */
151 cdb
[6] = 0; /* LBA MID */
152 cdb
[7] = 0; /* LBA HIGH */
153 cdb
[8] = 0 & 0x4F; /* SELECT */
154 cdb
[9] = 0xEC; /* Command: ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE */;
155 memset(sense
, 0, sizeof(sense
));
157 memset(&io_v4
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_v4
));
159 io_v4
.protocol
= BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI
;
160 io_v4
.subprotocol
= BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD
;
161 io_v4
.request_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
162 io_v4
.request
= (uintptr_t) cdb
;
163 io_v4
.max_response_len
= sizeof (sense
);
164 io_v4
.response
= (uintptr_t) sense
;
165 io_v4
.din_xfer_len
= buf_len
;
166 io_v4
.din_xferp
= (uintptr_t) buf
;
167 io_v4
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
169 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_v4
);
171 /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */
172 if (errno
== EINVAL
) {
173 struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr
;
175 memset(&io_hdr
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_hdr
));
176 io_hdr
.interface_id
= 'S';
177 io_hdr
.cmdp
= (unsigned char*) cdb
;
178 io_hdr
.cmd_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
180 io_hdr
.dxfer_len
= buf_len
;
182 io_hdr
.mx_sb_len
= sizeof (sense
);
183 io_hdr
.dxfer_direction
= SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV
;
184 io_hdr
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
186 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_hdr
);
194 if (!(sense
[0] == 0x72 && desc
[0] == 0x9 && desc
[1] == 0x0c)) {
204 static int disk_identify_packet_device_command(int fd
,
208 struct sg_io_v4 io_v4
;
211 uint8_t *desc
= sense
+8;
215 * ATA Pass-Through 16 byte command, as described in
217 * T10 04-262r8 ATA Command Pass-Through
219 * from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/document.04/04-262r8.pdf
221 memset(cdb
, 0, sizeof(cdb
));
222 cdb
[0] = 0x85; /* OPERATION CODE: 16 byte pass through */
223 cdb
[1] = 4 << 1; /* PROTOCOL: PIO Data-in */
224 cdb
[2] = 0x2e; /* OFF_LINE=0, CK_COND=1, T_DIR=1, BYT_BLOK=1, T_LENGTH=2 */
225 cdb
[3] = 0; /* FEATURES */
226 cdb
[4] = 0; /* FEATURES */
227 cdb
[5] = 0; /* SECTORS */
228 cdb
[6] = 1; /* SECTORS */
229 cdb
[7] = 0; /* LBA LOW */
230 cdb
[8] = 0; /* LBA LOW */
231 cdb
[9] = 0; /* LBA MID */
232 cdb
[10] = 0; /* LBA MID */
233 cdb
[11] = 0; /* LBA HIGH */
234 cdb
[12] = 0; /* LBA HIGH */
235 cdb
[13] = 0; /* DEVICE */
236 cdb
[14] = 0xA1; /* Command: ATA IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE */;
237 cdb
[15] = 0; /* CONTROL */
238 memset(sense
, 0, sizeof(sense
));
240 memset(&io_v4
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_v4
));
242 io_v4
.protocol
= BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI
;
243 io_v4
.subprotocol
= BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD
;
244 io_v4
.request_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
245 io_v4
.request
= (uintptr_t) cdb
;
246 io_v4
.max_response_len
= sizeof (sense
);
247 io_v4
.response
= (uintptr_t) sense
;
248 io_v4
.din_xfer_len
= buf_len
;
249 io_v4
.din_xferp
= (uintptr_t) buf
;
250 io_v4
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
252 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_v4
);
254 /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */
255 if (errno
== EINVAL
) {
256 struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr
;
258 memset(&io_hdr
, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_hdr
));
259 io_hdr
.interface_id
= 'S';
260 io_hdr
.cmdp
= (unsigned char*) cdb
;
261 io_hdr
.cmd_len
= sizeof (cdb
);
263 io_hdr
.dxfer_len
= buf_len
;
265 io_hdr
.mx_sb_len
= sizeof (sense
);
266 io_hdr
.dxfer_direction
= SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV
;
267 io_hdr
.timeout
= COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC
;
269 ret
= ioctl(fd
, SG_IO
, &io_hdr
);
277 if (!(sense
[0] == 0x72 && desc
[0] == 0x9 && desc
[1] == 0x0c)) {
288 * disk_identify_get_string:
289 * @identify: A block of IDENTIFY data
290 * @offset_words: Offset of the string to get, in words.
291 * @dest: Destination buffer for the string.
292 * @dest_len: Length of destination buffer, in bytes.
294 * Copies the ATA string from @identify located at @offset_words into @dest.
296 static void disk_identify_get_string(uint8_t identify
[512],
297 unsigned int offset_words
,
304 while (dest_len
> 0) {
305 c1
= identify
[offset_words
* 2 + 1];
306 c2
= identify
[offset_words
* 2];
316 static void disk_identify_fixup_string(uint8_t identify
[512],
317 unsigned int offset_words
,
320 disk_identify_get_string(identify
, offset_words
,
321 (char *) identify
+ offset_words
* 2, len
);
324 static void disk_identify_fixup_uint16 (uint8_t identify
[512], unsigned int offset_words
)
328 p
= (uint16_t *) identify
;
329 p
[offset_words
] = le16toh (p
[offset_words
]);
334 * @udev: The libudev context.
335 * @fd: File descriptor for the block device.
336 * @out_identify: Return location for IDENTIFY data.
337 * @out_is_packet_device: Return location for whether returned data is from a IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE.
339 * Sends the IDENTIFY DEVICE or IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command to the
340 * device represented by @fd. If successful, then the result will be
341 * copied into @out_identify and @out_is_packet_device.
343 * This routine is based on code from libatasmart, Copyright 2008
344 * Lennart Poettering, LGPL v2.1.
346 * Returns: 0 if the data was successfully obtained, otherwise
347 * non-zero with errno set.
349 static int disk_identify(struct udev
*udev
,
351 uint8_t out_identify
[512],
352 int *out_is_packet_device
)
355 uint8_t inquiry_buf
[36];
356 int peripheral_device_type
;
359 int is_packet_device
;
363 memset(out_identify
, '\0', 512);
364 is_packet_device
= 0;
366 /* If we were to use ATA PASS_THROUGH (12) on an ATAPI device
367 * we could accidentally blank media. This is because MMC's BLANK
368 * command has the same op-code (0x61).
370 * To prevent this from happening we bail out if the device
371 * isn't a Direct Access Block Device, e.g. SCSI type 0x00
372 * (CD/DVD devices are type 0x05). So we send a SCSI INQUIRY
373 * command first... libata is handling this via its SCSI
376 * This also ensures that we're actually dealing with a device
377 * that understands SCSI commands.
379 * (Yes, it is a bit perverse that we're tunneling the ATA
380 * command through SCSI and relying on the ATA driver
381 * emulating SCSI well-enough...)
383 * (See commit 160b069c25690bfb0c785994c7c3710289179107 for
384 * the original bug-fix and see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=556635
385 * for the original bug-report.)
387 ret
= disk_scsi_inquiry_command (fd
, inquiry_buf
, sizeof (inquiry_buf
));
391 /* SPC-4, section 6.4.2: Standard INQUIRY data */
392 peripheral_device_type
= inquiry_buf
[0] & 0x1f;
393 if (peripheral_device_type
== 0x05)
395 is_packet_device
= 1;
396 ret
= disk_identify_packet_device_command(fd
, out_identify
, 512);
397 goto check_nul_bytes
;
399 if (peripheral_device_type
!= 0x00) {
405 /* OK, now issue the IDENTIFY DEVICE command */
406 ret
= disk_identify_command(fd
, out_identify
, 512);
411 /* Check if IDENTIFY data is all NUL bytes - if so, bail */
413 for (n
= 0; n
< 512; n
++) {
414 if (out_identify
[n
] != '\0') {
427 if (out_is_packet_device
!= NULL
)
428 *out_is_packet_device
= is_packet_device
;
432 static void log_fn(struct udev
*udev
, int priority
,
433 const char *file
, int line
, const char *fn
,
434 const char *format
, va_list args
)
436 vsyslog(priority
, format
, args
);
439 int main(int argc
, char *argv
[])
442 struct hd_driveid id
;
443 uint8_t identify
[512];
444 uint16_t *identify_words
;
449 const char *node
= NULL
;
454 int is_packet_device
= 0;
455 static const struct option options
[] = {
456 { "export", no_argument
, NULL
, 'x' },
457 { "help", no_argument
, NULL
, 'h' },
465 udev_log_init("ata_id");
466 udev_set_log_fn(udev
, log_fn
);
471 option
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "xh", options
, NULL
);
480 printf("Usage: ata_id [--export] [--help] <device>\n"
481 " --export print values as environment keys\n"
482 " --help print this help text\n\n");
489 err(udev
, "no node specified\n");
494 fd
= open(node
, O_RDONLY
|O_NONBLOCK
);
496 err(udev
, "unable to open '%s'\n", node
);
501 if (disk_identify(udev
, fd
, identify
, &is_packet_device
) == 0) {
503 * fix up only the fields from the IDENTIFY data that we are going to
504 * use and copy it into the hd_driveid struct for convenience
506 disk_identify_fixup_string(identify
, 10, 20); /* serial */
507 disk_identify_fixup_string(identify
, 23, 6); /* fwrev */
508 disk_identify_fixup_string(identify
, 27, 40); /* model */
509 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 0); /* configuration */
510 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 75); /* queue depth */
511 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 75); /* SATA capabilities */
512 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 82); /* command set supported */
513 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 83); /* command set supported */
514 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 84); /* command set supported */
515 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 85); /* command set supported */
516 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 86); /* command set supported */
517 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 87); /* command set supported */
518 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 89); /* time required for SECURITY ERASE UNIT */
519 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 90); /* time required for enhanced SECURITY ERASE UNIT */
520 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 91); /* current APM values */
521 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 94); /* current AAM value */
522 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 128); /* device lock function */
523 disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify
, 217); /* nominal media rotation rate */
524 memcpy(&id
, identify
, sizeof id
);
526 /* If this fails, then try HDIO_GET_IDENTITY */
527 if (ioctl(fd
, HDIO_GET_IDENTITY
, &id
) != 0) {
528 info(udev
, "HDIO_GET_IDENTITY failed for '%s': %m\n", node
);
533 identify_words
= (uint16_t *) identify
;
535 memcpy (model
, id
.model
, 40);
537 udev_util_encode_string(model
, model_enc
, sizeof(model_enc
));
538 util_replace_whitespace((char *) id
.model
, model
, 40);
539 util_replace_chars(model
, NULL
);
540 util_replace_whitespace((char *) id
.serial_no
, serial
, 20);
541 util_replace_chars(serial
, NULL
);
542 util_replace_whitespace((char *) id
.fw_rev
, revision
, 8);
543 util_replace_chars(revision
, NULL
);
546 /* Set this to convey the disk speaks the ATA protocol */
547 printf("ID_ATA=1\n");
549 if ((id
.config
>> 8) & 0x80) {
550 /* This is an ATAPI device */
551 switch ((id
.config
>> 8) & 0x1f) {
553 printf("ID_TYPE=cd\n");
556 printf("ID_TYPE=tape\n");
559 printf("ID_TYPE=cd\n");
562 printf("ID_TYPE=optical\n");
565 printf("ID_TYPE=generic\n");
569 printf("ID_TYPE=disk\n");
571 printf("ID_BUS=ata\n");
572 printf("ID_MODEL=%s\n", model
);
573 printf("ID_MODEL_ENC=%s\n", model_enc
);
574 printf("ID_REVISION=%s\n", revision
);
575 if (serial
[0] != '\0') {
576 printf("ID_SERIAL=%s_%s\n", model
, serial
);
577 printf("ID_SERIAL_SHORT=%s\n", serial
);
579 printf("ID_SERIAL=%s\n", model
);
582 if (id
.command_set_1
& (1<<5)) {
583 printf ("ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE=1\n");
584 printf ("ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<5)) ? 1 : 0);
586 if (id
.command_set_1
& (1<<10)) {
587 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_HPA=1\n");
588 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_HPA_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<10)) ? 1 : 0);
591 * TODO: use the READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS command to get the native max address
592 * so it is easy to check whether the protected area is in use.
595 if (id
.command_set_1
& (1<<3)) {
596 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM=1\n");
597 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0);
599 if (id
.command_set_1
& (1<<1)) {
600 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY=1\n");
601 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<1)) ? 1 : 0);
602 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=%d\n", id
.trseuc
* 2);
603 if ((id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<1))) /* enabled */ {
605 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LEVEL=maximum\n");
607 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LEVEL=high\n");
610 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENHANCED_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=%d\n", id
.trsEuc
* 2);
612 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_EXPIRE=1\n");
614 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_FROZEN=1\n");
616 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LOCKED=1\n");
618 if (id
.command_set_1
& (1<<0)) {
619 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART=1\n");
620 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_1
& (1<<0)) ? 1 : 0);
622 if (id
.command_set_2
& (1<<9)) {
623 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM=1\n");
624 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_2
& (1<<9)) ? 1 : 0);
625 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_VENDOR_RECOMMENDED_VALUE=%d\n", id
.acoustic
>> 8);
626 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_CURRENT_VALUE=%d\n", id
.acoustic
& 0xff);
628 if (id
.command_set_2
& (1<<5)) {
629 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PUIS=1\n");
630 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PUIS_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_2
& (1<<5)) ? 1 : 0);
632 if (id
.command_set_2
& (1<<3)) {
633 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM=1\n");
634 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id
.cfs_enable_2
& (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0);
635 if ((id
.cfs_enable_2
& (1<<3)))
636 printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_CURRENT_VALUE=%d\n", id
.CurAPMvalues
& 0xff);
638 if (id
.command_set_2
& (1<<0))
639 printf("ID_ATA_DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE=1\n");
642 * Word 76 indicates the capabilities of a SATA device. A PATA device shall set
643 * word 76 to 0000h or FFFFh. If word 76 is set to 0000h or FFFFh, then
644 * the device does not claim compliance with the Serial ATA specification and words
645 * 76 through 79 are not valid and shall be ignored.
647 word
= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 76);
648 if (word
!= 0x0000 && word
!= 0xffff) {
649 printf("ID_ATA_SATA=1\n");
651 * If bit 2 of word 76 is set to one, then the device supports the Gen2
652 * signaling rate of 3.0 Gb/s (see SATA 2.6).
654 * If bit 1 of word 76 is set to one, then the device supports the Gen1
655 * signaling rate of 1.5 Gb/s (see SATA 2.6).
658 printf("ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN2=1\n");
660 printf("ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN1=1\n");
663 /* Word 217 indicates the nominal media rotation rate of the device */
664 word
= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 217);
665 if (word
!= 0x0000) {
666 if (word
== 0x0001) {
667 printf ("ID_ATA_ROTATION_RATE_RPM=0\n"); /* non-rotating e.g. SSD */
668 } else if (word
>= 0x0401 && word
<= 0xfffe) {
669 printf ("ID_ATA_ROTATION_RATE_RPM=%d\n", word
);
674 * Words 108-111 contain a mandatory World Wide Name (WWN) in the NAA IEEE Registered identifier
675 * format. Word 108 bits (15:12) shall contain 5h, indicating that the naming authority is IEEE.
676 * All other values are reserved.
678 word
= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 108);
679 if ((word
& 0xf000) == 0x5000) {
682 wwwn
= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 108);
684 wwwn
|= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 109);
686 wwwn
|= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 110);
688 wwwn
|= *((uint16_t *) identify
+ 111);
689 printf("ID_WWN=0x%llx\n", (unsigned long long int) wwwn
);
690 /* ATA devices have no vendor extension */
691 printf("ID_WWN_WITH_EXTENSION=0x%llx\n", (unsigned long long int) wwwn
);
694 /* from Linux's include/linux/ata.h */
695 if (identify_words
[0] == 0x848a || identify_words
[0] == 0x844a) {
696 printf("ID_ATA_CFA=1\n");
698 if ((identify_words
[83] & 0xc004) == 0x4004) {
699 printf("ID_ATA_CFA=1\n");
703 if (serial
[0] != '\0')
704 printf("%s_%s\n", model
, serial
);
706 printf("%s\n", model
);