test/py/tests/test_fit.py

   1 # SPDX-License-Identifier:      GPL-2.0+
   2 # Copyright (c) 2013, Google Inc.
   3 #
   4 # Sanity check of the FIT handling in U-Boot
   5
   6 from __future__ import print_function
   7
   8 import os
   9 import pytest
  10 import struct
  11 import u_boot_utils as util
  12
  13 # Define a base ITS which we can adjust using % and a dictionary
  14 base_its = '''
  15 /dts-v1/;
  16
  17 / {
  18         description = "Chrome OS kernel image with one or more FDT blobs";
  19         #address-cells = <1>;
  20
  21         images {
  22                 kernel@1 {
  23                         data = /incbin/("%(kernel)s");
  24                         type = "kernel";
  25                         arch = "sandbox";
  26                         os = "linux";
  27                         compression = "none";
  28                         load = <0x40000>;
  29                         entry = <0x8>;
  30                 };
  31                 kernel@2 {
  32                         data = /incbin/("%(loadables1)s");
  33                         type = "kernel";
  34                         arch = "sandbox";
  35                         os = "linux";
  36                         compression = "none";
  37                         %(loadables1_load)s
  38                         entry = <0x0>;
  39                 };
  40                 fdt@1 {
  41                         description = "snow";
  42                         data = /incbin/("u-boot.dtb");
  43                         type = "flat_dt";
  44                         arch = "sandbox";
  45                         %(fdt_load)s
  46                         compression = "none";
  47                         signature@1 {
  48                                 algo = "sha1,rsa2048";
  49                                 key-name-hint = "dev";
  50                         };
  51                 };
  52                 ramdisk@1 {
  53                         description = "snow";
  54                         data = /incbin/("%(ramdisk)s");
  55                         type = "ramdisk";
  56                         arch = "sandbox";
  57                         os = "linux";
  58                         %(ramdisk_load)s
  59                         compression = "none";
  60                 };
  61                 ramdisk@2 {
  62                         description = "snow";
  63                         data = /incbin/("%(loadables2)s");
  64                         type = "ramdisk";
  65                         arch = "sandbox";
  66                         os = "linux";
  67                         %(loadables2_load)s
  68                         compression = "none";
  69                 };
  70         };
  71         configurations {
  72                 default = "conf@1";
  73                 conf@1 {
  74                         kernel = "kernel@1";
  75                         fdt = "fdt@1";
  76                         %(ramdisk_config)s
  77                         %(loadables_config)s
  78                 };
  79         };
  80 };
  81 '''
  82
  83 # Define a base FDT - currently we don't use anything in this
  84 base_fdt = '''
  85 /dts-v1/;
  86
  87 / {
  88         model = "Sandbox Verified Boot Test";
  89         compatible = "sandbox";
  90
  91         reset@0 {
  92                 compatible = "sandbox,reset";
  93         };
  94
  95 };
  96 '''
  97
  98 # This is the U-Boot script that is run for each test. First load the FIT,
  99 # then run the 'bootm' command, then save out memory from the places where
 100 # we expect 'bootm' to write things. Then quit.
 101 base_script = '''
 102 host load hostfs 0 %(fit_addr)x %(fit)s
 103 fdt addr %(fit_addr)x
 104 bootm start %(fit_addr)x
 105 bootm loados
 106 host save hostfs 0 %(kernel_addr)x %(kernel_out)s %(kernel_size)x
 107 host save hostfs 0 %(fdt_addr)x %(fdt_out)s %(fdt_size)x
 108 host save hostfs 0 %(ramdisk_addr)x %(ramdisk_out)s %(ramdisk_size)x
 109 host save hostfs 0 %(loadables1_addr)x %(loadables1_out)s %(loadables1_size)x
 110 host save hostfs 0 %(loadables2_addr)x %(loadables2_out)s %(loadables2_size)x
 111 '''
 112
 113 @pytest.mark.boardspec('sandbox')
 114 @pytest.mark.buildconfigspec('fit_signature')
 115 @pytest.mark.requiredtool('dtc')
 116 def test_fit(u_boot_console):
 117     def make_fname(leaf):
 118         """Make a temporary filename
 119
 120         Args:
 121             leaf: Leaf name of file to create (within temporary directory)
 122         Return:
 123             Temporary filename
 124         """
 125
 126         return os.path.join(cons.config.build_dir, leaf)
 127
 128     def filesize(fname):
 129         """Get the size of a file
 130
 131         Args:
 132             fname: Filename to check
 133         Return:
 134             Size of file in bytes
 135         """
 136         return os.stat(fname).st_size
 137
 138     def read_file(fname):
 139         """Read the contents of a file
 140
 141         Args:
 142             fname: Filename to read
 143         Returns:
 144             Contents of file as a string
 145         """
 146         with open(fname, 'rb') as fd:
 147             return fd.read()
 148
 149     def make_dtb():
 150         """Make a sample .dts file and compile it to a .dtb
 151
 152         Returns:
 153             Filename of .dtb file created
 154         """
 155         src = make_fname('u-boot.dts')
 156         dtb = make_fname('u-boot.dtb')
 157         with open(src, 'w') as fd:
 158             print(base_fdt, file=fd)
 159         util.run_and_log(cons, ['dtc', src, '-O', 'dtb', '-o', dtb])
 160         return dtb
 161
 162     def make_its(params):
 163         """Make a sample .its file with parameters embedded
 164
 165         Args:
 166             params: Dictionary containing parameters to embed in the %() strings
 167         Returns:
 168             Filename of .its file created
 169         """
 170         its = make_fname('test.its')
 171         with open(its, 'w') as fd:
 172             print(base_its % params, file=fd)
 173         return its
 174
 175     def make_fit(mkimage, params):
 176         """Make a sample .fit file ready for loading
 177
 178         This creates a .its script with the selected parameters and uses mkimage to
 179         turn this into a .fit image.
 180
 181         Args:
 182             mkimage: Filename of 'mkimage' utility
 183             params: Dictionary containing parameters to embed in the %() strings
 184         Return:
 185             Filename of .fit file created
 186         """
 187         fit = make_fname('test.fit')
 188         its = make_its(params)
 189         util.run_and_log(cons, [mkimage, '-f', its, fit])
 190         with open(make_fname('u-boot.dts'), 'w') as fd:
 191             print(base_fdt, file=fd)
 192         return fit
 193
 194     def make_kernel(filename, text):
 195         """Make a sample kernel with test data
 196
 197         Args:
 198             filename: the name of the file you want to create
 199         Returns:
 200             Full path and filename of the kernel it created
 201         """
 202         fname = make_fname(filename)
 203         data = ''
 204         for i in range(100):
 205             data += 'this %s %d is unlikely to boot\n' % (text, i)
 206         with open(fname, 'w') as fd:
 207             print(data, file=fd)
 208         return fname
 209
 210     def make_ramdisk(filename, text):
 211         """Make a sample ramdisk with test data
 212
 213         Returns:
 214             Filename of ramdisk created
 215         """
 216         fname = make_fname(filename)
 217         data = ''
 218         for i in range(100):
 219             data += '%s %d was seldom used in the middle ages\n' % (text, i)
 220         with open(fname, 'w') as fd:
 221             print(data, file=fd)
 222         return fname
 223
 224     def find_matching(text, match):
 225         """Find a match in a line of text, and return the unmatched line portion
 226
 227         This is used to extract a part of a line from some text. The match string
 228         is used to locate the line - we use the first line that contains that
 229         match text.
 230
 231         Once we find a match, we discard the match string itself from the line,
 232         and return what remains.
 233
 234         TODO: If this function becomes more generally useful, we could change it
 235         to use regex and return groups.
 236
 237         Args:
 238             text: Text to check (list of strings, one for each command issued)
 239             match: String to search for
 240         Return:
 241             String containing unmatched portion of line
 242         Exceptions:
 243             ValueError: If match is not found
 244
 245         >>> find_matching(['first line:10', 'second_line:20'], 'first line:')
 246         '10'
 247         >>> find_matching(['first line:10', 'second_line:20'], 'second line')
 248         Traceback (most recent call last):
 249           ...
 250         ValueError: Test aborted
 251         >>> find_matching('first line:10\', 'second_line:20'], 'second_line:')
 252         '20'
 253         >>> find_matching('first line:10\', 'second_line:20\nthird_line:30'],
 254                           'third_line:')
 255         '30'
 256         """
 257         __tracebackhide__ = True
 258         for line in '\n'.join(text).splitlines():
 259             pos = line.find(match)
 260             if pos != -1:
 261                 return line[:pos] + line[pos + len(match):]
 262
 263         pytest.fail("Expected '%s' but not found in output")
 264
 265     def check_equal(expected_fname, actual_fname, failure_msg):
 266         """Check that a file matches its expected contents
 267
 268         Args:
 269             expected_fname: Filename containing expected contents
 270             actual_fname: Filename containing actual contents
 271             failure_msg: Message to print on failure
 272         """
 273         expected_data = read_file(expected_fname)
 274         actual_data = read_file(actual_fname)
 275         assert expected_data == actual_data, failure_msg
 276
 277     def check_not_equal(expected_fname, actual_fname, failure_msg):
 278         """Check that a file does not match its expected contents
 279
 280         Args:
 281             expected_fname: Filename containing expected contents
 282             actual_fname: Filename containing actual contents
 283             failure_msg: Message to print on failure
 284         """
 285         expected_data = read_file(expected_fname)
 286         actual_data = read_file(actual_fname)
 287         assert expected_data != actual_data, failure_msg
 288
 289     def run_fit_test(mkimage):
 290         """Basic sanity check of FIT loading in U-Boot
 291
 292         TODO: Almost everything:
 293           - hash algorithms - invalid hash/contents should be detected
 294           - signature algorithms - invalid sig/contents should be detected
 295           - compression
 296           - checking that errors are detected like:
 297                 - image overwriting
 298                 - missing images
 299                 - invalid configurations
 300                 - incorrect os/arch/type fields
 301                 - empty data
 302                 - images too large/small
 303                 - invalid FDT (e.g. putting a random binary in instead)
 304           - default configuration selection
 305           - bootm command line parameters should have desired effect
 306           - run code coverage to make sure we are testing all the code
 307         """
 308         # Set up invariant files
 309         control_dtb = make_dtb()
 310         kernel = make_kernel('test-kernel.bin', 'kernel')
 311         ramdisk = make_ramdisk('test-ramdisk.bin', 'ramdisk')
 312         loadables1 = make_kernel('test-loadables1.bin', 'lenrek')
 313         loadables2 = make_ramdisk('test-loadables2.bin', 'ksidmar')
 314         kernel_out = make_fname('kernel-out.bin')
 315         fdt_out = make_fname('fdt-out.dtb')
 316         ramdisk_out = make_fname('ramdisk-out.bin')
 317         loadables1_out = make_fname('loadables1-out.bin')
 318         loadables2_out = make_fname('loadables2-out.bin')
 319
 320         # Set up basic parameters with default values
 321         params = {
 322             'fit_addr' : 0x1000,
 323
 324             'kernel' : kernel,
 325             'kernel_out' : kernel_out,
 326             'kernel_addr' : 0x40000,
 327             'kernel_size' : filesize(kernel),
 328
 329             'fdt_out' : fdt_out,
 330             'fdt_addr' : 0x80000,
 331             'fdt_size' : filesize(control_dtb),
 332             'fdt_load' : '',
 333
 334             'ramdisk' : ramdisk,
 335             'ramdisk_out' : ramdisk_out,
 336             'ramdisk_addr' : 0xc0000,
 337             'ramdisk_size' : filesize(ramdisk),
 338             'ramdisk_load' : '',
 339             'ramdisk_config' : '',
 340
 341             'loadables1' : loadables1,
 342             'loadables1_out' : loadables1_out,
 343             'loadables1_addr' : 0x100000,
 344             'loadables1_size' : filesize(loadables1),
 345             'loadables1_load' : '',
 346
 347             'loadables2' : loadables2,
 348             'loadables2_out' : loadables2_out,
 349             'loadables2_addr' : 0x140000,
 350             'loadables2_size' : filesize(loadables2),
 351             'loadables2_load' : '',
 352
 353             'loadables_config' : '',
 354         }
 355
 356         # Make a basic FIT and a script to load it
 357         fit = make_fit(mkimage, params)
 358         params['fit'] = fit
 359         cmd = base_script % params
 360
 361         # First check that we can load a kernel
 362         # We could perhaps reduce duplication with some loss of readability
 363         cons.config.dtb = control_dtb
 364         cons.restart_uboot()
 365         with cons.log.section('Kernel load'):
 366             output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines())
 367             check_equal(kernel, kernel_out, 'Kernel not loaded')
 368             check_not_equal(control_dtb, fdt_out,
 369                             'FDT loaded but should be ignored')
 370             check_not_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out,
 371                             'Ramdisk loaded but should not be')
 372
 373             # Find out the offset in the FIT where U-Boot has found the FDT
 374             line = find_matching(output, 'Booting using the fdt blob at ')
 375             fit_offset = int(line, 16) - params['fit_addr']
 376             fdt_magic = struct.pack('>L', 0xd00dfeed)
 377             data = read_file(fit)
 378
 379             # Now find where it actually is in the FIT (skip the first word)
 380             real_fit_offset = data.find(fdt_magic, 4)
 381             assert fit_offset == real_fit_offset, (
 382                   'U-Boot loaded FDT from offset %#x, FDT is actually at %#x' %
 383                   (fit_offset, real_fit_offset))
 384
 385         # Now a kernel and an FDT
 386         with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT load'):
 387             params['fdt_load'] = 'load = <%#x>;' % params['fdt_addr']
 388             fit = make_fit(mkimage, params)
 389             cons.restart_uboot()
 390             output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines())
 391             check_equal(kernel, kernel_out, 'Kernel not loaded')
 392             check_equal(control_dtb, fdt_out, 'FDT not loaded')
 393             check_not_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out,
 394                             'Ramdisk loaded but should not be')
 395
 396         # Try a ramdisk
 397         with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT + Ramdisk load'):
 398             params['ramdisk_config'] = 'ramdisk = "ramdisk@1";'
 399             params['ramdisk_load'] = 'load = <%#x>;' % params['ramdisk_addr']
 400             fit = make_fit(mkimage, params)
 401             cons.restart_uboot()
 402             output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines())
 403             check_equal(ramdisk, ramdisk_out, 'Ramdisk not loaded')
 404
 405         # Configuration with some Loadables
 406         with cons.log.section('Kernel + FDT + Ramdisk load + Loadables'):
 407             params['loadables_config'] = 'loadables = "kernel@2", "ramdisk@2";'
 408             params['loadables1_load'] = ('load = <%#x>;' %
 409                                          params['loadables1_addr'])
 410             params['loadables2_load'] = ('load = <%#x>;' %
 411                                          params['loadables2_addr'])
 412             fit = make_fit(mkimage, params)
 413             cons.restart_uboot()
 414             output = cons.run_command_list(cmd.splitlines())
 415             check_equal(loadables1, loadables1_out,
 416                         'Loadables1 (kernel) not loaded')
 417             check_equal(loadables2, loadables2_out,
 418                         'Loadables2 (ramdisk) not loaded')
 419
 420     cons = u_boot_console
 421     try:
 422         # We need to use our own device tree file. Remember to restore it
 423         # afterwards.
 424         old_dtb = cons.config.dtb
 425         mkimage = cons.config.build_dir + '/tools/mkimage'
 426         run_fit_test(mkimage)
 427     finally:
 428         # Go back to the original U-Boot with the correct dtb.
 429         cons.config.dtb = old_dtb
 430         cons.restart_uboot()