tools/firmware/ihex2fw.c

   1 /*
   2  * Parser/loader for IHEX formatted data.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright © 2008 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
   5  * Copyright © 2005 Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
   6  *
   7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
   9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  10  */
  11
  12 #include <stdint.h>
  13 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  14 #include <stdio.h>
  15 #include <errno.h>
  16 #include <sys/types.h>
  17 #include <sys/stat.h>
  18 #include <sys/mman.h>
  19 #include <fcntl.h>
  20 #include <string.h>
  21 #include <unistd.h>
  22 #include <stdlib.h>
  23 #define _GNU_SOURCE
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25
  26
  27 #define __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, mask)    (((x) + (mask)) & ~(mask))
  28 #define __ALIGN_KERNEL(x, a)            __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, (typeof(x))(a) - 1)
  29 #define ALIGN(x, a)                     __ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))
  30
  31 struct ihex_binrec {
  32         struct ihex_binrec *next; /* not part of the real data structure */
  33         uint32_t addr;
  34         uint16_t len;
  35         uint8_t data[];
  36 };
  37
  38 /**
  39  * nybble/hex are little helpers to parse hexadecimal numbers to a byte value
  40  **/
  41 static uint8_t nybble(const uint8_t n)
  42 {
  43         if      (n >= '0' && n <= '9') return n - '0';
  44         else if (n >= 'A' && n <= 'F') return n - ('A' - 10);
  45         else if (n >= 'a' && n <= 'f') return n - ('a' - 10);
  46         return 0;
  47 }
  48
  49 static uint8_t hex(const uint8_t *data, uint8_t *crc)
  50 {
  51         uint8_t val = (nybble(data[0]) << 4) | nybble(data[1]);
  52         *crc += val;
  53         return val;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int process_ihex(uint8_t *data, ssize_t size);
  57 static void file_record(struct ihex_binrec *record);
  58 static int output_records(int outfd);
  59
  60 static int sort_records = 0;
  61 static int wide_records = 0;
  62 static int include_jump = 0;
  63
  64 static int usage(void)
  65 {
  66         fprintf(stderr, "ihex2fw: Convert ihex files into binary "
  67                 "representation for use by Linux kernel\n");
  68         fprintf(stderr, "usage: ihex2fw [<options>] <src.HEX> <dst.fw>\n");
  69         fprintf(stderr, "       -w: wide records (16-bit length)\n");
  70         fprintf(stderr, "       -s: sort records by address\n");
  71         fprintf(stderr, "       -j: include records for CS:IP/EIP address\n");
  72         return 1;
  73 }
  74
  75 int main(int argc, char **argv)
  76 {
  77         int infd, outfd;
  78         struct stat st;
  79         uint8_t *data;
  80         int opt;
  81
  82         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "wsj")) != -1) {
  83                 switch (opt) {
  84                 case 'w':
  85                         wide_records = 1;
  86                         break;
  87                 case 's':
  88                         sort_records = 1;
  89                         break;
  90                 case 'j':
  91                         include_jump = 1;
  92                         break;
  93                 default:
  94                         return usage();
  95                 }
  96         }
  97
  98         if (optind + 2 != argc)
  99                 return usage();
 100
 101         if (!strcmp(argv[optind], "-"))
 102                 infd = 0;
 103         else
 104                 infd = open(argv[optind], O_RDONLY);
 105         if (infd == -1) {
 106                 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open source file: %s",
 107                         strerror(errno));
 108                 return usage();
 109         }
 110         if (fstat(infd, &st)) {
 111                 perror("stat");
 112                 return 1;
 113         }
 114         data = mmap(NULL, st.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, infd, 0);
 115         if (data == MAP_FAILED) {
 116                 perror("mmap");
 117                 return 1;
 118         }
 119
 120         if (!strcmp(argv[optind+1], "-"))
 121                 outfd = 1;
 122         else
 123                 outfd = open(argv[optind+1], O_TRUNC|O_CREAT|O_WRONLY, 0644);
 124         if (outfd == -1) {
 125                 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open destination file: %s",
 126                         strerror(errno));
 127                 return usage();
 128         }
 129         if (process_ihex(data, st.st_size))
 130                 return 1;
 131
 132         return output_records(outfd);
 133 }
 134
 135 static int process_ihex(uint8_t *data, ssize_t size)
 136 {
 137         struct ihex_binrec *record;
 138         size_t record_size;
 139         uint32_t offset = 0;
 140         uint32_t data32;
 141         uint8_t type, crc = 0, crcbyte = 0;
 142         int i, j;
 143         int line = 1;
 144         int len;
 145
 146         i = 0;
 147 next_record:
 148         /* search for the start of record character */
 149         while (i < size) {
 150                 if (data[i] == '\n') line++;
 151                 if (data[i++] == ':') break;
 152         }
 153
 154         /* Minimum record length would be about 10 characters */
 155         if (i + 10 > size) {
 156                 fprintf(stderr, "Can't find valid record at line %d\n", line);
 157                 return -EINVAL;
 158         }
 159
 160         len = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
 161         if (wide_records) {
 162                 len <<= 8;
 163                 len += hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
 164         }
 165         record_size = ALIGN(sizeof(*record) + len, 4);
 166         record = malloc(record_size);
 167         if (!record) {
 168                 fprintf(stderr, "out of memory for records\n");
 169                 return -ENOMEM;
 170         }
 171         memset(record, 0, record_size);
 172         record->len = len;
 173
 174         /* now check if we have enough data to read everything */
 175         if (i + 8 + (record->len * 2) > size) {
 176                 fprintf(stderr, "Not enough data to read complete record at line %d\n",
 177                         line);
 178                 return -EINVAL;
 179         }
 180
 181         record->addr  = hex(data + i, &crc) << 8; i += 2;
 182         record->addr |= hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
 183         type = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
 184
 185         for (j = 0; j < record->len; j++, i += 2)
 186                 record->data[j] = hex(data + i, &crc);
 187
 188         /* check CRC */
 189         crcbyte = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
 190         if (crc != 0) {
 191                 fprintf(stderr, "CRC failure at line %d: got 0x%X, expected 0x%X\n",
 192                         line, crcbyte, (unsigned char)(crcbyte-crc));
 193                 return -EINVAL;
 194         }
 195
 196         /* Done reading the record */
 197         switch (type) {
 198         case 0:
 199                 /* old style EOF record? */
 200                 if (!record->len)
 201                         break;
 202
 203                 record->addr += offset;
 204                 file_record(record);
 205                 goto next_record;
 206
 207         case 1: /* End-Of-File Record */
 208                 if (record->addr || record->len) {
 209                         fprintf(stderr, "Bad EOF record (type 01) format at line %d",
 210                                 line);
 211                         return -EINVAL;
 212                 }
 213                 break;
 214
 215         case 2: /* Extended Segment Address Record (HEX86) */
 216         case 4: /* Extended Linear Address Record (HEX386) */
 217                 if (record->addr || record->len != 2) {
 218                         fprintf(stderr, "Bad HEX86/HEX386 record (type %02X) at line %d\n",
 219                                 type, line);
 220                         return -EINVAL;
 221                 }
 222
 223                 /* We shouldn't really be using the offset for HEX86 because
 224                  * the wraparound case is specified quite differently. */
 225                 offset = record->data[0] << 8 | record->data[1];
 226                 offset <<= (type == 2 ? 4 : 16);
 227                 goto next_record;
 228
 229         case 3: /* Start Segment Address Record */
 230         case 5: /* Start Linear Address Record */
 231                 if (record->addr || record->len != 4) {
 232                         fprintf(stderr, "Bad Start Address record (type %02X) at line %d\n",
 233                                 type, line);
 234                         return -EINVAL;
 235                 }
 236
 237                 memcpy(&data32, &record->data[0], sizeof(data32));
 238                 data32 = htonl(data32);
 239                 memcpy(&record->data[0], &data32, sizeof(data32));
 240
 241                 /* These records contain the CS/IP or EIP where execution
 242                  * starts. If requested output this as a record. */
 243                 if (include_jump)
 244                         file_record(record);
 245                 goto next_record;
 246
 247         default:
 248                 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown record (type %02X)\n", type);
 249                 return -EINVAL;
 250         }
 251
 252         return 0;
 253 }
 254
 255 static struct ihex_binrec *records;
 256
 257 static void file_record(struct ihex_binrec *record)
 258 {
 259         struct ihex_binrec **p = &records;
 260
 261         while ((*p) && (!sort_records || (*p)->addr < record->addr))
 262                 p = &((*p)->next);
 263
 264         record->next = *p;
 265         *p = record;
 266 }
 267
 268 static uint16_t ihex_binrec_size(struct ihex_binrec *p)
 269 {
 270         return p->len + sizeof(p->addr) + sizeof(p->len);
 271 }
 272
 273 static int output_records(int outfd)
 274 {
 275         unsigned char zeroes[6] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
 276         struct ihex_binrec *p = records;
 277
 278         while (p) {
 279                 uint16_t writelen = ALIGN(ihex_binrec_size(p), 4);
 280
 281                 p->addr = htonl(p->addr);
 282                 p->len = htons(p->len);
 283                 if (write(outfd, &p->addr, writelen) != writelen)
 284                         return 1;
 285                 p = p->next;
 286         }
 287         /* EOF record is zero length, since we don't bother to represent
 288            the type field in the binary version */
 289         if (write(outfd, zeroes, 6) != 6)
 290                 return 1;
 291         return 0;
 292 }