SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git' [-
-version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
+'git' [-
v | --version] [-h | --help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
[--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
[-p|--paginate|-P|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
[--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
- [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env <name>=<envvar>]
- <command> [<args>]
+ [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>] <command> [<args>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
OPTIONS
-------
+-v::
--version::
Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
++
+This option is internally converted to `git version ...` and accepts
+the same options as the linkgit:git-version[1] command. If `--help` is
+also given, it takes precedence over `--version`.
+-h::
--help::
Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
commands. If the option `--all` or `-a` is given then all
details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
variable.
---super-prefix=<path>::
- Currently for internal use only. Set a prefix which gives a path from
- above a repository down to its root. One use is to give submodules
- context about the superproject that invoked it.
-
--bare::
Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR
environment is not set, it is set to the current working
nohelpers (exclude helper commands), alias and config
(retrieve command list from config variable completion.commands)
+--attr-source=<tree-ish>::
+ Read gitattributes from <tree-ish> instead of the worktree. See
+ linkgit:gitattributes[5]. This is equivalent to setting the
+ `GIT_ATTR_SOURCE` environment variable.
+
GIT COMMANDS
------------
include::cmds-guide.txt[]
+Repository, command and file interfaces
+---------------------------------------
+
+This documentation discusses repository and command interfaces which
+users are expected to interact with directly. See `--user-formats` in
+linkgit:git-help[1] for more details on the criteria.
+
+include::cmds-userinterfaces.txt[]
+
+File formats, protocols and other developer interfaces
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+This documentation discusses file formats, over-the-wire protocols and
+other git developer interfaces. See `--developer-interfaces` in
+linkgit:git-help[1].
+
+include::cmds-developerinterfaces.txt[]
Configuration Mechanism
-----------------------
Environment Variables
---------------------
-Various Git commands use the following environment variables:
+Various Git commands pay attention to environment variables and change
+their behavior. The environment variables marked as "Boolean" take
+their values the same way as Boolean valued configuration variables, e.g.
+"true", "yes", "on" and positive numbers are taken as "yes".
+
+Here are the variables:
The Git Repository
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
`GIT_INDEX_FILE`::
- This environment allows the specification of an alternate
+ This environment variable specifies an alternate
index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
is used.
`GIT_INDEX_VERSION`::
- This environment variable allows the specification of an index
- version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index
+ This environment variable specifies what index version is used
+ when writing the index file out. It won't affect existing index
files. By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See
linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information.
When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
- does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable
+ does not cross filesystem boundaries. This Boolean environment variable
can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
boundaries. Like `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES`, this will not affect
an explicit repository directory set via `GIT_DIR` or on the
(e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the
index). `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` should not worry about unlinking the
-temporary file --- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits.
+temporary file -- it is removed when `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` exits.
+
For a path that is unmerged, `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` is called with 1
parameter, <path>.
plink or tortoiseplink. This variable overrides the config setting
`ssh.variant` that serves the same purpose.
+`GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY`::
+ Setting and exporting this environment variable to any value
+ tells Git not to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or
+ pushing over HTTPS.
+
+`GIT_ATTR_SOURCE`::
+ Sets the treeish that gitattributes will be read from.
+
`GIT_ASKPASS`::
If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
option in linkgit:git-config[1].
`GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT`::
- If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
+ If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, git will not prompt
on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
+`GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL`::
+`GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM`::
+ Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
+ system-level configuration files. If `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM` is set, the
+ system config file defined at build time (usually `/etc/gitconfig`)
+ will not be read. Likewise, if `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL` is set, neither
+ `$HOME/.gitconfig` nor `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` will be read. Can
+ be set to `/dev/null` to skip reading configuration files of the
+ respective level.
+
`GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`::
Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
- `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can
+ `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This Boolean environment variable can
be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it
- temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
+ to true to temporarily avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
`GIT_FLUSH`::
+// NEEDSWORK: make it into a usual Boolean environment variable
If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
`GIT_TRACE_REDACT`::
By default, when tracing is activated, Git redacts the values of
- cookies, the "Authorization:" header, and the "Proxy-Authorization:"
- header. Set this variable to `0` to prevent this redaction.
+ cookies, the "Authorization:" header, the "Proxy-Authorization:"
+ header and packfile URIs. Set this Boolean environment variable to false to prevent this
+ redaction.
`GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS`::
- Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
`git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
`GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS`::
- Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
`GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS`::
- Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
`GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS`::
- Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
+ Setting this Boolean environment variable to true will cause Git to treat all
pathspecs as case-insensitive.
`GIT_REFLOG_ACTION`::
end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
`GIT_REF_PARANOIA`::
- If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating
- over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this
- does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and
- abort some operations in the presence of broken refs. Git sets
- this variable automatically when performing destructive
- operations like linkgit:git-prune[1]. You should not need to set
- it yourself unless you want to be paranoid about making sure
- an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are
- cloning a repository to make a backup).
+ If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, ignore broken or badly named refs when iterating
+ over lists of refs. Normally Git will try to include any such
+ refs, which may cause some operations to fail. This is usually
+ preferable, as potentially destructive operations (e.g.,
+ linkgit:git-prune[1]) are better off aborting rather than
+ ignoring broken refs (and thus considering the history they
+ point to as not worth saving). The default value is `1` (i.e.,
+ be paranoid about detecting and aborting all operations). You
+ should not normally need to set this to `0`, but it may be
+ useful when trying to salvage data from a corrupted repository.
`GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`::
If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if
`protocol.allow` is set to `never`, and each of the listed
protocols has `protocol.<name>.allow` set to `always`
- (overriding any existing configuration). In other words, any
- protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., this is a
- whitelist, not a blacklist). See the description of
+ (overriding any existing configuration). See the description of
`protocol.allow` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details.
`GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER`::
- Set to 0 to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are
+ Set this Boolean environment variable to false to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are
configured to the `user` state. This is useful to restrict recursive
submodule initialization from an untrusted repository or for programs
which feed potentially-untrusted URLS to git commands. See
Contains a colon ':' separated list of keys with optional values
'key[=value]'. Presence of unknown keys and values must be
ignored.
++
+Note that servers may need to be configured to allow this variable to
+pass over some transports. It will be propagated automatically when
+accessing local repositories (i.e., `file://` or a filesystem path), as
+well as over the `git://` protocol. For git-over-http, it should work
+automatically in most configurations, but see the discussion in
+linkgit:git-http-backend[1]. For git-over-ssh, the ssh server may need
+to be configured to allow clients to pass this variable (e.g., by using
+`AcceptEnv GIT_PROTOCOL` with OpenSSH).
++
+This configuration is optional. If the variable is not propagated, then
+clients will fall back to the original "v0" protocol (but may miss out
+on some performance improvements or features). This variable currently
+only affects clones and fetches; it is not yet used for pushes (but may
+be in the future).
`GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS`::
- If set to `0`, Git will complete any requested operation without
+ If this Boolean environment variable is set to false, Git will complete any requested operation without
performing any optional sub-operations that require taking a lock.
For example, this will prevent `git status` from refreshing the
index as a side effect. This is useful for processes running in
projects / thirdparty / git.git / blobdiff