]> git.ipfire.org Git - thirdparty/git.git/blobdiff - dir.c
upload-pack: pass upload_pack_data to send_acks()
[thirdparty/git.git] / dir.c
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index aceb0d48692b7d727cfd2645ae88b0d45d660c09..d97e9558489d3bf622673b1f5b90053154ea9033 100644 (file)
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -2,12 +2,9 @@
  * This handles recursive filename detection with exclude
  * files, index knowledge etc..
  *
- * See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
- *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005-2006
  *              Junio Hamano, 2005-2006
  */
-#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "dir.h"
@@ -44,7 +41,8 @@ struct cached_dir {
        int nr_files;
        int nr_dirs;
 
-       struct dirent *de;
+       const char *d_name;
+       int d_type;
        const char *file;
        struct untracked_cache_dir *ucd;
 };
@@ -53,8 +51,8 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
        struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int len,
        struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
        int check_only, int stop_at_first_file, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, struct index_state *istate,
-                    const char *path, int len);
+static int resolve_dtype(int dtype, struct index_state *istate,
+                        const char *path, int len);
 
 int count_slashes(const char *s)
 {
@@ -140,7 +138,7 @@ static size_t common_prefix_len(const struct pathspec *pathspec)
         * ":(icase)path" is treated as a pathspec full of
         * wildcard. In other words, only prefix is considered common
         * prefix. If the pathspec is abc/foo abc/bar, running in
-        * subdir xyz, the common prefix is still xyz, not xuz/abc as
+        * subdir xyz, the common prefix is still xyz, not xyz/abc as
         * in non-:(icase).
         */
        GUARD_PATHSPEC(pathspec,
@@ -274,50 +272,30 @@ static int do_read_blob(const struct object_id *oid, struct oid_stat *oid_stat,
 
 #define DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE   (1<<0)
 #define DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY (1<<1)
-#define DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE (1<<2)
-
-static int match_attrs(const struct index_state *istate,
-                      const char *name, int namelen,
-                      const struct pathspec_item *item)
-{
-       int i;
-
-       git_check_attr(istate, name, item->attr_check);
-       for (i = 0; i < item->attr_match_nr; i++) {
-               const char *value;
-               int matched;
-               enum attr_match_mode match_mode;
-
-               value = item->attr_check->items[i].value;
-               match_mode = item->attr_match[i].match_mode;
-
-               if (ATTR_TRUE(value))
-                       matched = (match_mode == MATCH_SET);
-               else if (ATTR_FALSE(value))
-                       matched = (match_mode == MATCH_UNSET);
-               else if (ATTR_UNSET(value))
-                       matched = (match_mode == MATCH_UNSPECIFIED);
-               else
-                       matched = (match_mode == MATCH_VALUE &&
-                                  !strcmp(item->attr_match[i].value, value));
-               if (!matched)
-                       return 0;
-       }
-
-       return 1;
-}
+#define DO_MATCH_LEADING_PATHSPEC (1<<2)
 
 /*
- * Does 'match' match the given name?
- * A match is found if
+ * Does the given pathspec match the given name?  A match is found if
+ *
+ * (1) the pathspec string is leading directory of 'name' ("RECURSIVELY"), or
+ * (2) the pathspec string has a leading part matching 'name' ("LEADING"), or
+ * (3) the pathspec string is a wildcard and matches 'name' ("WILDCARD"), or
+ * (4) the pathspec string is exactly the same as 'name' ("EXACT").
  *
- * (1) the 'match' string is leading directory of 'name', or
- * (2) the 'match' string is a wildcard and matches 'name', or
- * (3) the 'match' string is exactly the same as 'name'.
+ * Return value tells which case it was (1-4), or 0 when there is no match.
  *
- * and the return value tells which case it was.
+ * It may be instructive to look at a small table of concrete examples
+ * to understand the differences between 1, 2, and 4:
  *
- * It returns 0 when there is no match.
+ *                              Pathspecs
+ *                |    a/b    |   a/b/    |   a/b/c
+ *          ------+-----------+-----------+------------
+ *          a/b   |  EXACT    |  EXACT[1] | LEADING[2]
+ *  Names   a/b/  | RECURSIVE |   EXACT   | LEADING[2]
+ *          a/b/c | RECURSIVE | RECURSIVE |   EXACT
+ *
+ * [1] Only if DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY is passed; otherwise, this is NOT a match.
+ * [2] Only if DO_MATCH_LEADING_PATHSPEC is passed; otherwise, not a match.
  */
 static int match_pathspec_item(const struct index_state *istate,
                               const struct pathspec_item *item, int prefix,
@@ -360,7 +338,8 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct index_state *istate,
            strncmp(item->match, name - prefix, item->prefix))
                return 0;
 
-       if (item->attr_match_nr && !match_attrs(istate, name, namelen, item))
+       if (item->attr_match_nr &&
+           !match_pathspec_attrs(istate, name, namelen, item))
                return 0;
 
        /* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
@@ -384,20 +363,28 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct index_state *istate,
                         item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
                return MATCHED_FNMATCH;
 
-       /* Perform checks to see if "name" is a super set of the pathspec */
-       if (flags & DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE) {
+       /* Perform checks to see if "name" is a leading string of the pathspec */
+       if (flags & DO_MATCH_LEADING_PATHSPEC) {
                /* name is a literal prefix of the pathspec */
+               int offset = name[namelen-1] == '/' ? 1 : 0;
                if ((namelen < matchlen) &&
-                   (match[namelen] == '/') &&
+                   (match[namelen-offset] == '/') &&
                    !ps_strncmp(item, match, name, namelen))
-                       return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+                       return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY_LEADING_PATHSPEC;
 
-               /* name" doesn't match up to the first wild character */
+               /* name doesn't match up to the first wild character */
                if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len &&
                    ps_strncmp(item, match, name,
                               item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
                        return 0;
 
+               /*
+                * name has no wildcard, and it didn't match as a leading
+                * pathspec so return.
+                */
+               if (item->nowildcard_len == item->len)
+                       return 0;
+
                /*
                 * Here is where we would perform a wildmatch to check if
                 * "name" can be matched as a directory (or a prefix) against
@@ -407,7 +394,7 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct index_state *istate,
                 * The submodules themselves will be able to perform more
                 * accurate matching to determine if the pathspec matches.
                 */
-               return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
+               return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY_LEADING_PATHSPEC;
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -528,13 +515,12 @@ int submodule_path_match(const struct index_state *istate,
                                        strlen(submodule_name),
                                        0, seen,
                                        DO_MATCH_DIRECTORY |
-                                       DO_MATCH_SUBMODULE);
+                                       DO_MATCH_LEADING_PATHSPEC);
        return matched;
 }
 
 int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched,
-                     const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-                     const char *prefix)
+                     const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
        /*
         * Make sure all pathspec matched; otherwise it is an error.
@@ -593,7 +579,7 @@ int no_wildcard(const char *string)
        return string[simple_length(string)] == '\0';
 }
 
-void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
+void parse_path_pattern(const char **pattern,
                           int *patternlen,
                           unsigned *flags,
                           int *nowildcardlen)
@@ -603,20 +589,20 @@ void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
 
        *flags = 0;
        if (*p == '!') {
-               *flags |= EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE;
+               *flags |= PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE;
                p++;
        }
        len = strlen(p);
        if (len && p[len - 1] == '/') {
                len--;
-               *flags |= EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR;
+               *flags |= PATTERN_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                if (p[i] == '/')
                        break;
        }
        if (i == len)
-               *flags |= EXC_FLAG_NODIR;
+               *flags |= PATTERN_FLAG_NODIR;
        *nowildcardlen = simple_length(p);
        /*
         * we should have excluded the trailing slash from 'p' too,
@@ -626,35 +612,261 @@ void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
        if (*nowildcardlen > len)
                *nowildcardlen = len;
        if (*p == '*' && no_wildcard(p + 1))
-               *flags |= EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH;
+               *flags |= PATTERN_FLAG_ENDSWITH;
        *pattern = p;
        *patternlen = len;
 }
 
-void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
-                int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos)
+int pl_hashmap_cmp(const void *unused_cmp_data,
+                  const struct hashmap_entry *a,
+                  const struct hashmap_entry *b,
+                  const void *key)
+{
+       const struct pattern_entry *ee1 =
+                       container_of(a, struct pattern_entry, ent);
+       const struct pattern_entry *ee2 =
+                       container_of(b, struct pattern_entry, ent);
+
+       size_t min_len = ee1->patternlen <= ee2->patternlen
+                        ? ee1->patternlen
+                        : ee2->patternlen;
+
+       if (ignore_case)
+               return strncasecmp(ee1->pattern, ee2->pattern, min_len);
+       return strncmp(ee1->pattern, ee2->pattern, min_len);
+}
+
+static char *dup_and_filter_pattern(const char *pattern)
+{
+       char *set, *read;
+       size_t count  = 0;
+       char *result = xstrdup(pattern);
+
+       set = result;
+       read = result;
+
+       while (*read) {
+               /* skip escape characters (once) */
+               if (*read == '\\')
+                       read++;
+
+               *set = *read;
+
+               set++;
+               read++;
+               count++;
+       }
+       *set = 0;
+
+       if (count > 2 &&
+           *(set - 1) == '*' &&
+           *(set - 2) == '/')
+               *(set - 2) = 0;
+
+       return result;
+}
+
+static void add_pattern_to_hashsets(struct pattern_list *pl, struct path_pattern *given)
+{
+       struct pattern_entry *translated;
+       char *truncated;
+       char *data = NULL;
+       const char *prev, *cur, *next;
+
+       if (!pl->use_cone_patterns)
+               return;
+
+       if (given->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE &&
+           given->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR &&
+           !strcmp(given->pattern, "/*")) {
+               pl->full_cone = 0;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (!given->flags && !strcmp(given->pattern, "/*")) {
+               pl->full_cone = 1;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (given->patternlen < 2 ||
+           *given->pattern == '*' ||
+           strstr(given->pattern, "**")) {
+               /* Not a cone pattern. */
+               warning(_("unrecognized pattern: '%s'"), given->pattern);
+               goto clear_hashmaps;
+       }
+
+       prev = given->pattern;
+       cur = given->pattern + 1;
+       next = given->pattern + 2;
+
+       while (*cur) {
+               /* Watch for glob characters '*', '\', '[', '?' */
+               if (!is_glob_special(*cur))
+                       goto increment;
+
+               /* But only if *prev != '\\' */
+               if (*prev == '\\')
+                       goto increment;
+
+               /* But allow the initial '\' */
+               if (*cur == '\\' &&
+                   is_glob_special(*next))
+                       goto increment;
+
+               /* But a trailing '/' then '*' is fine */
+               if (*prev == '/' &&
+                   *cur == '*' &&
+                   *next == 0)
+                       goto increment;
+
+               /* Not a cone pattern. */
+               warning(_("unrecognized pattern: '%s'"), given->pattern);
+               goto clear_hashmaps;
+
+       increment:
+               prev++;
+               cur++;
+               next++;
+       }
+
+       if (given->patternlen > 2 &&
+           !strcmp(given->pattern + given->patternlen - 2, "/*")) {
+               if (!(given->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE)) {
+                       /* Not a cone pattern. */
+                       warning(_("unrecognized pattern: '%s'"), given->pattern);
+                       goto clear_hashmaps;
+               }
+
+               truncated = dup_and_filter_pattern(given->pattern);
+
+               translated = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pattern_entry));
+               translated->pattern = truncated;
+               translated->patternlen = given->patternlen - 2;
+               hashmap_entry_init(&translated->ent,
+                                  ignore_case ?
+                                  strihash(translated->pattern) :
+                                  strhash(translated->pattern));
+
+               if (!hashmap_get_entry(&pl->recursive_hashmap,
+                                      translated, ent, NULL)) {
+                       /* We did not see the "parent" included */
+                       warning(_("unrecognized negative pattern: '%s'"),
+                               given->pattern);
+                       free(truncated);
+                       free(translated);
+                       goto clear_hashmaps;
+               }
+
+               hashmap_add(&pl->parent_hashmap, &translated->ent);
+               hashmap_remove(&pl->recursive_hashmap, &translated->ent, &data);
+               free(data);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (given->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE) {
+               warning(_("unrecognized negative pattern: '%s'"),
+                       given->pattern);
+               goto clear_hashmaps;
+       }
+
+       translated = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pattern_entry));
+
+       translated->pattern = dup_and_filter_pattern(given->pattern);
+       translated->patternlen = given->patternlen;
+       hashmap_entry_init(&translated->ent,
+                          ignore_case ?
+                          strihash(translated->pattern) :
+                          strhash(translated->pattern));
+
+       hashmap_add(&pl->recursive_hashmap, &translated->ent);
+
+       if (hashmap_get_entry(&pl->parent_hashmap, translated, ent, NULL)) {
+               /* we already included this at the parent level */
+               warning(_("your sparse-checkout file may have issues: pattern '%s' is repeated"),
+                       given->pattern);
+               hashmap_remove(&pl->parent_hashmap, &translated->ent, &data);
+               free(data);
+               free(translated);
+       }
+
+       return;
+
+clear_hashmaps:
+       warning(_("disabling cone pattern matching"));
+       hashmap_free_entries(&pl->parent_hashmap, struct pattern_entry, ent);
+       hashmap_free_entries(&pl->recursive_hashmap, struct pattern_entry, ent);
+       pl->use_cone_patterns = 0;
+}
+
+static int hashmap_contains_path(struct hashmap *map,
+                                struct strbuf *pattern)
+{
+       struct pattern_entry p;
+
+       /* Check straight mapping */
+       p.pattern = pattern->buf;
+       p.patternlen = pattern->len;
+       hashmap_entry_init(&p.ent,
+                          ignore_case ?
+                          strihash(p.pattern) :
+                          strhash(p.pattern));
+       return !!hashmap_get_entry(map, &p, ent, NULL);
+}
+
+int hashmap_contains_parent(struct hashmap *map,
+                           const char *path,
+                           struct strbuf *buffer)
+{
+       char *slash_pos;
+
+       strbuf_setlen(buffer, 0);
+
+       if (path[0] != '/')
+               strbuf_addch(buffer, '/');
+
+       strbuf_addstr(buffer, path);
+
+       slash_pos = strrchr(buffer->buf, '/');
+
+       while (slash_pos > buffer->buf) {
+               strbuf_setlen(buffer, slash_pos - buffer->buf);
+
+               if (hashmap_contains_path(map, buffer))
+                       return 1;
+
+               slash_pos = strrchr(buffer->buf, '/');
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+void add_pattern(const char *string, const char *base,
+                int baselen, struct pattern_list *pl, int srcpos)
 {
-       struct exclude *x;
+       struct path_pattern *pattern;
        int patternlen;
        unsigned flags;
        int nowildcardlen;
 
-       parse_exclude_pattern(&string, &patternlen, &flags, &nowildcardlen);
-       if (flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
-               FLEXPTR_ALLOC_MEM(x, pattern, string, patternlen);
+       parse_path_pattern(&string, &patternlen, &flags, &nowildcardlen);
+       if (flags & PATTERN_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
+               FLEXPTR_ALLOC_MEM(pattern, pattern, string, patternlen);
        } else {
-               x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x));
-               x->pattern = string;
+               pattern = xmalloc(sizeof(*pattern));
+               pattern->pattern = string;
        }
-       x->patternlen = patternlen;
-       x->nowildcardlen = nowildcardlen;
-       x->base = base;
-       x->baselen = baselen;
-       x->flags = flags;
-       x->srcpos = srcpos;
-       ALLOC_GROW(el->excludes, el->nr + 1, el->alloc);
-       el->excludes[el->nr++] = x;
-       x->el = el;
+       pattern->patternlen = patternlen;
+       pattern->nowildcardlen = nowildcardlen;
+       pattern->base = base;
+       pattern->baselen = baselen;
+       pattern->flags = flags;
+       pattern->srcpos = srcpos;
+       ALLOC_GROW(pl->patterns, pl->nr + 1, pl->alloc);
+       pl->patterns[pl->nr++] = pattern;
+       pattern->pl = pl;
+
+       add_pattern_to_hashsets(pl, pattern);
 }
 
 static int read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
@@ -675,19 +887,19 @@ static int read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
 }
 
 /*
- * Frees memory within el which was allocated for exclude patterns and
- * the file buffer.  Does not free el itself.
+ * Frees memory within pl which was allocated for exclude patterns and
+ * the file buffer.  Does not free pl itself.
  */
-void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el)
+void clear_pattern_list(struct pattern_list *pl)
 {
        int i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < el->nr; i++)
-               free(el->excludes[i]);
-       free(el->excludes);
-       free(el->filebuf);
+       for (i = 0; i < pl->nr; i++)
+               free(pl->patterns[i]);
+       free(pl->patterns);
+       free(pl->filebuf);
 
-       memset(el, 0, sizeof(*el));
+       memset(pl, 0, sizeof(*pl));
 }
 
 static void trim_trailing_spaces(char *buf)
@@ -733,7 +945,7 @@ static struct untracked_cache_dir *lookup_untracked(struct untracked_cache *uc,
        first = 0;
        last = dir->dirs_nr;
        while (last > first) {
-               int cmp, next = (last + first) >> 1;
+               int cmp, next = first + ((last - first) >> 1);
                d = dir->dirs[next];
                cmp = strncmp(name, d->name, len);
                if (!cmp && strlen(d->name) > len)
@@ -794,21 +1006,21 @@ static void invalidate_directory(struct untracked_cache *uc,
                dir->dirs[i]->recurse = 0;
 }
 
-static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+static int add_patterns_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
                                    const char *base, int baselen,
-                                   struct exclude_list *el);
+                                   struct pattern_list *pl);
 
 /*
  * Given a file with name "fname", read it (either from disk, or from
  * an index if 'istate' is non-null), parse it and store the
- * exclude rules in "el".
+ * exclude rules in "pl".
  *
  * If "ss" is not NULL, compute SHA-1 of the exclude file and fill
- * stat data from disk (only valid if add_excludes returns zero). If
+ * stat data from disk (only valid if add_patterns returns zero). If
  * ss_valid is non-zero, "ss" must contain good value as input.
  */
-static int add_excludes(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
-                       struct exclude_list *el, struct index_state *istate,
+static int add_patterns(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
+                       struct pattern_list *pl, struct index_state *istate,
                        struct oid_stat *oid_stat)
 {
        struct stat st;
@@ -862,28 +1074,31 @@ static int add_excludes(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
                                oidcpy(&oid_stat->oid,
                                       &istate->cache[pos]->oid);
                        else
-                               hash_object_file(buf, size, "blob",
-                                                &oid_stat->oid);
+                               hash_object_file(the_hash_algo, buf, size,
+                                                "blob", &oid_stat->oid);
                        fill_stat_data(&oid_stat->stat, &st);
                        oid_stat->valid = 1;
                }
        }
 
-       add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+       add_patterns_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, pl);
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
+static int add_patterns_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
                                    const char *base, int baselen,
-                                   struct exclude_list *el)
+                                   struct pattern_list *pl)
 {
        int i, lineno = 1;
        char *entry;
 
-       el->filebuf = buf;
+       hashmap_init(&pl->recursive_hashmap, pl_hashmap_cmp, NULL, 0);
+       hashmap_init(&pl->parent_hashmap, pl_hashmap_cmp, NULL, 0);
+
+       pl->filebuf = buf;
 
        if (skip_utf8_bom(&buf, size))
-               size -= buf - el->filebuf;
+               size -= buf - pl->filebuf;
 
        entry = buf;
 
@@ -892,7 +1107,7 @@ static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
                        if (entry != buf + i && entry[0] != '#') {
                                buf[i - (i && buf[i-1] == '\r')] = 0;
                                trim_trailing_spaces(entry);
-                               add_exclude(entry, base, baselen, el, lineno);
+                               add_pattern(entry, base, baselen, pl, lineno);
                        }
                        lineno++;
                        entry = buf + i + 1;
@@ -901,17 +1116,17 @@ static int add_excludes_from_buffer(char *buf, size_t size,
        return 0;
 }
 
-int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base,
-                                  int baselen, struct exclude_list *el,
+int add_patterns_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base,
+                                  int baselen, struct pattern_list *pl,
                                   struct index_state *istate)
 {
-       return add_excludes(fname, base, baselen, el, istate, NULL);
+       return add_patterns(fname, base, baselen, pl, istate, NULL);
 }
 
-int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(
+int add_patterns_from_blob_to_list(
        struct object_id *oid,
        const char *base, int baselen,
-       struct exclude_list *el)
+       struct pattern_list *pl)
 {
        char *buf;
        size_t size;
@@ -921,31 +1136,31 @@ int add_excludes_from_blob_to_list(
        if (r != 1)
                return r;
 
-       add_excludes_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, el);
+       add_patterns_from_buffer(buf, size, base, baselen, pl);
        return 0;
 }
 
-struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+struct pattern_list *add_pattern_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                      int group_type, const char *src)
 {
-       struct exclude_list *el;
+       struct pattern_list *pl;
        struct exclude_list_group *group;
 
        group = &dir->exclude_list_group[group_type];
-       ALLOC_GROW(group->el, group->nr + 1, group->alloc);
-       el = &group->el[group->nr++];
-       memset(el, 0, sizeof(*el));
-       el->src = src;
-       return el;
+       ALLOC_GROW(group->pl, group->nr + 1, group->alloc);
+       pl = &group->pl[group->nr++];
+       memset(pl, 0, sizeof(*pl));
+       pl->src = src;
+       return pl;
 }
 
 /*
  * Used to set up core.excludesfile and .git/info/exclude lists.
  */
-static void add_excludes_from_file_1(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname,
+static void add_patterns_from_file_1(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname,
                                     struct oid_stat *oid_stat)
 {
-       struct exclude_list *el;
+       struct pattern_list *pl;
        /*
         * catch setup_standard_excludes() that's called before
         * dir->untracked is assigned. That function behaves
@@ -953,15 +1168,15 @@ static void add_excludes_from_file_1(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname,
         */
        if (!dir->untracked)
                dir->unmanaged_exclude_files++;
-       el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_FILE, fname);
-       if (add_excludes(fname, "", 0, el, NULL, oid_stat) < 0)
+       pl = add_pattern_list(dir, EXC_FILE, fname);
+       if (add_patterns(fname, "", 0, pl, NULL, oid_stat) < 0)
                die(_("cannot use %s as an exclude file"), fname);
 }
 
-void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
+void add_patterns_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
 {
        dir->unmanaged_exclude_files++; /* see validate_untracked_cache() */
-       add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, fname, NULL);
+       add_patterns_from_file_1(dir, fname, NULL);
 }
 
 int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
@@ -972,7 +1187,7 @@ int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
                if (patternlen == basenamelen &&
                    !fspathncmp(pattern, basename, basenamelen))
                        return 1;
-       } else if (flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
+       } else if (flags & PATTERN_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
                /* "*literal" matching against "fooliteral" */
                if (patternlen - 1 <= basenamelen &&
                    !fspathncmp(pattern + 1,
@@ -1053,85 +1268,138 @@ int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
  * any, determines the fate.  Returns the exclude_list element which
  * matched, or NULL for undecided.
  */
-static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
+static struct path_pattern *last_matching_pattern_from_list(const char *pathname,
                                                       int pathlen,
                                                       const char *basename,
                                                       int *dtype,
-                                                      struct exclude_list *el,
+                                                      struct pattern_list *pl,
                                                       struct index_state *istate)
 {
-       struct exclude *exc = NULL; /* undecided */
+       struct path_pattern *res = NULL; /* undecided */
        int i;
 
-       if (!el->nr)
+       if (!pl->nr)
                return NULL;    /* undefined */
 
-       for (i = el->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
-               struct exclude *x = el->excludes[i];
-               const char *exclude = x->pattern;
-               int prefix = x->nowildcardlen;
+       for (i = pl->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
+               struct path_pattern *pattern = pl->patterns[i];
+               const char *exclude = pattern->pattern;
+               int prefix = pattern->nowildcardlen;
 
-               if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
-                       if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-                               *dtype = get_dtype(NULL, istate, pathname, pathlen);
+               if (pattern->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
+                       *dtype = resolve_dtype(*dtype, istate, pathname, pathlen);
                        if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
                                continue;
                }
 
-               if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
+               if (pattern->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NODIR) {
                        if (match_basename(basename,
                                           pathlen - (basename - pathname),
-                                          exclude, prefix, x->patternlen,
-                                          x->flags)) {
-                               exc = x;
+                                          exclude, prefix, pattern->patternlen,
+                                          pattern->flags)) {
+                               res = pattern;
                                break;
                        }
                        continue;
                }
 
-               assert(x->baselen == 0 || x->base[x->baselen - 1] == '/');
+               assert(pattern->baselen == 0 ||
+                      pattern->base[pattern->baselen - 1] == '/');
                if (match_pathname(pathname, pathlen,
-                                  x->base, x->baselen ? x->baselen - 1 : 0,
-                                  exclude, prefix, x->patternlen, x->flags)) {
-                       exc = x;
+                                  pattern->base,
+                                  pattern->baselen ? pattern->baselen - 1 : 0,
+                                  exclude, prefix, pattern->patternlen,
+                                  pattern->flags)) {
+                       res = pattern;
                        break;
                }
        }
-       return exc;
+       return res;
 }
 
 /*
- * Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
- * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
+ * Scan the list of patterns to determine if the ordered list
+ * of patterns matches on 'pathname'.
+ *
+ * Return 1 for a match, 0 for not matched and -1 for undecided.
  */
-int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
-                         int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
-                         struct exclude_list *el, struct index_state *istate)
-{
-       struct exclude *exclude;
-       exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename,
-                                                 dtype, el, istate);
-       if (exclude)
-               return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
-       return -1; /* undecided */
+enum pattern_match_result path_matches_pattern_list(
+                               const char *pathname, int pathlen,
+                               const char *basename, int *dtype,
+                               struct pattern_list *pl,
+                               struct index_state *istate)
+{
+       struct path_pattern *pattern;
+       struct strbuf parent_pathname = STRBUF_INIT;
+       int result = NOT_MATCHED;
+       const char *slash_pos;
+
+       if (!pl->use_cone_patterns) {
+               pattern = last_matching_pattern_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename,
+                                                       dtype, pl, istate);
+               if (pattern) {
+                       if (pattern->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE)
+                               return NOT_MATCHED;
+                       else
+                               return MATCHED;
+               }
+
+               return UNDECIDED;
+       }
+
+       if (pl->full_cone)
+               return MATCHED;
+
+       strbuf_addch(&parent_pathname, '/');
+       strbuf_add(&parent_pathname, pathname, pathlen);
+
+       if (hashmap_contains_path(&pl->recursive_hashmap,
+                                 &parent_pathname)) {
+               result = MATCHED_RECURSIVE;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       slash_pos = strrchr(parent_pathname.buf, '/');
+
+       if (slash_pos == parent_pathname.buf) {
+               /* include every file in root */
+               result = MATCHED;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       strbuf_setlen(&parent_pathname, slash_pos - parent_pathname.buf);
+
+       if (hashmap_contains_path(&pl->parent_hashmap, &parent_pathname)) {
+               result = MATCHED;
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       if (hashmap_contains_parent(&pl->recursive_hashmap,
+                                   pathname,
+                                   &parent_pathname))
+               result = MATCHED_RECURSIVE;
+
+done:
+       strbuf_release(&parent_pathname);
+       return result;
 }
 
-static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_lists(struct dir_struct *dir,
-                                                       struct index_state *istate,
-               const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
-               int *dtype_p)
+static struct path_pattern *last_matching_pattern_from_lists(
+               struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
+               const char *pathname, int pathlen,
+               const char *basename, int *dtype_p)
 {
        int i, j;
        struct exclude_list_group *group;
-       struct exclude *exclude;
+       struct path_pattern *pattern;
        for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
                group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
                for (j = group->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-                       exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(
+                       pattern = last_matching_pattern_from_list(
                                pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype_p,
-                               &group->el[j], istate);
-                       if (exclude)
-                               return exclude;
+                               &group->pl[j], istate);
+                       if (pattern)
+                               return pattern;
                }
        }
        return NULL;
@@ -1146,7 +1414,7 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
                         const char *base, int baselen)
 {
        struct exclude_list_group *group;
-       struct exclude_list *el;
+       struct pattern_list *pl;
        struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
        struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked;
        int current;
@@ -1162,17 +1430,17 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
                if (stk->baselen <= baselen &&
                    !strncmp(dir->basebuf.buf, base, stk->baselen))
                        break;
-               el = &group->el[dir->exclude_stack->exclude_ix];
+               pl = &group->pl[dir->exclude_stack->exclude_ix];
                dir->exclude_stack = stk->prev;
-               dir->exclude = NULL;
-               free((char *)el->src); /* see strbuf_detach() below */
-               clear_exclude_list(el);
+               dir->pattern = NULL;
+               free((char *)pl->src); /* see strbuf_detach() below */
+               clear_pattern_list(pl);
                free(stk);
                group->nr--;
        }
 
        /* Skip traversing into sub directories if the parent is excluded */
-       if (dir->exclude)
+       if (dir->pattern)
                return;
 
        /*
@@ -1213,7 +1481,7 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
                stk->baselen = cp - base;
                stk->exclude_ix = group->nr;
                stk->ucd = untracked;
-               el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_DIRS, NULL);
+               pl = add_pattern_list(dir, EXC_DIRS, NULL);
                strbuf_add(&dir->basebuf, base + current, stk->baselen - current);
                assert(stk->baselen == dir->basebuf.len);
 
@@ -1221,15 +1489,15 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
                if (stk->baselen) {
                        int dt = DT_DIR;
                        dir->basebuf.buf[stk->baselen - 1] = 0;
-                       dir->exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir,
+                       dir->pattern = last_matching_pattern_from_lists(dir,
                                                                        istate,
                                dir->basebuf.buf, stk->baselen - 1,
                                dir->basebuf.buf + current, &dt);
                        dir->basebuf.buf[stk->baselen - 1] = '/';
-                       if (dir->exclude &&
-                           dir->exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE)
-                               dir->exclude = NULL;
-                       if (dir->exclude) {
+                       if (dir->pattern &&
+                           dir->pattern->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE)
+                               dir->pattern = NULL;
+                       if (dir->pattern) {
                                dir->exclude_stack = stk;
                                return;
                        }
@@ -1255,34 +1523,34 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
                        /*
                         * dir->basebuf gets reused by the traversal, but we
                         * need fname to remain unchanged to ensure the src
-                        * member of each struct exclude correctly
+                        * member of each struct path_pattern correctly
                         * back-references its source file.  Other invocations
-                        * of add_exclude_list provide stable strings, so we
+                        * of add_pattern_list provide stable strings, so we
                         * strbuf_detach() and free() here in the caller.
                         */
                        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
                        strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &dir->basebuf);
                        strbuf_addstr(&sb, dir->exclude_per_dir);
-                       el->src = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
-                       add_excludes(el->src, el->src, stk->baselen, el, istate,
+                       pl->src = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+                       add_patterns(pl->src, pl->src, stk->baselen, pl, istate,
                                     untracked ? &oid_stat : NULL);
                }
                /*
                 * NEEDSWORK: when untracked cache is enabled, prep_exclude()
                 * will first be called in valid_cached_dir() then maybe many
-                * times more in last_exclude_matching(). When the cache is
-                * used, last_exclude_matching() will not be called and
+                * times more in last_matching_pattern(). When the cache is
+                * used, last_matching_pattern() will not be called and
                 * reading .gitignore content will be a waste.
                 *
                 * So when it's called by valid_cached_dir() and we can get
                 * .gitignore SHA-1 from the index (i.e. .gitignore is not
                 * modified on work tree), we could delay reading the
                 * .gitignore content until we absolutely need it in
-                * last_exclude_matching(). Be careful about ignore rule
+                * last_matching_pattern(). Be careful about ignore rule
                 * order, though, if you do that.
                 */
                if (untracked &&
-                   oidcmp(&oid_stat.oid, &untracked->exclude_oid)) {
+                   !oideq(&oid_stat.oid, &untracked->exclude_oid)) {
                        invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, untracked);
                        oidcpy(&untracked->exclude_oid, &oid_stat.oid);
                }
@@ -1298,7 +1566,7 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir,
  * Returns the exclude_list element which matched, or NULL for
  * undecided.
  */
-struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
+struct path_pattern *last_matching_pattern(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                      struct index_state *istate,
                                      const char *pathname,
                                      int *dtype_p)
@@ -1309,10 +1577,10 @@ struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
 
        prep_exclude(dir, istate, pathname, basename-pathname);
 
-       if (dir->exclude)
-               return dir->exclude;
+       if (dir->pattern)
+               return dir->pattern;
 
-       return last_exclude_matching_from_lists(dir, istate, pathname, pathlen,
+       return last_matching_pattern_from_lists(dir, istate, pathname, pathlen,
                        basename, dtype_p);
 }
 
@@ -1324,10 +1592,10 @@ struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
 int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
                const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
 {
-       struct exclude *exclude =
-               last_exclude_matching(dir, istate, pathname, dtype_p);
-       if (exclude)
-               return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
+       struct path_pattern *pattern =
+               last_matching_pattern(dir, istate, pathname, dtype_p);
+       if (pattern)
+               return pattern->flags & PATTERN_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1459,23 +1727,59 @@ static enum exist_status directory_exists_in_index(struct index_state *istate,
 static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
        struct index_state *istate,
        struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
-       const char *dirname, int len, int baselen, int exclude,
+       const char *dirname, int len, int baselen, int excluded,
        const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
+       /*
+        * WARNING: From this function, you can return path_recurse or you
+        *          can call read_directory_recursive() (or neither), but
+        *          you CAN'T DO BOTH.
+        */
+       enum path_treatment state;
+       int matches_how = 0;
+       int nested_repo = 0, check_only, stop_early;
+       int old_ignored_nr, old_untracked_nr;
        /* The "len-1" is to strip the final '/' */
-       switch (directory_exists_in_index(istate, dirname, len-1)) {
-       case index_directory:
-               return path_recurse;
+       enum exist_status status = directory_exists_in_index(istate, dirname, len-1);
 
-       case index_gitdir:
+       if (status == index_directory)
+               return path_recurse;
+       if (status == index_gitdir)
                return path_none;
+       if (status != index_nonexistent)
+               BUG("Unhandled value for directory_exists_in_index: %d\n", status);
 
-       case index_nonexistent:
-               if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
-                       break;
-               if (exclude &&
-                       (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
-                       (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING)) {
+       /*
+        * We don't want to descend into paths that don't match the necessary
+        * patterns.  Clearly, if we don't have a pathspec, then we can't check
+        * for matching patterns.  Also, if (excluded) then we know we matched
+        * the exclusion patterns so as an optimization we can skip checking
+        * for matching patterns.
+        */
+       if (pathspec && !excluded) {
+               matches_how = do_match_pathspec(istate, pathspec, dirname, len,
+                                               0 /* prefix */, NULL /* seen */,
+                                               DO_MATCH_LEADING_PATHSPEC);
+               if (!matches_how)
+                       return path_none;
+       }
+
+
+       if ((dir->flags & DIR_SKIP_NESTED_GIT) ||
+               !(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
+               struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+               strbuf_addstr(&sb, dirname);
+               nested_repo = is_nonbare_repository_dir(&sb);
+               strbuf_release(&sb);
+       }
+       if (nested_repo)
+               return ((dir->flags & DIR_SKIP_NESTED_GIT) ? path_none :
+                       (excluded ? path_excluded : path_untracked));
+
+       if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)) {
+               if (excluded &&
+                   (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+                   (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING)) {
 
                        /*
                         * This is an excluded directory and we are
@@ -1497,28 +1801,139 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 
                        return path_none;
                }
-               if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
-                       struct object_id oid;
-                       if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", &oid) == 0)
-                               return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
-               }
                return path_recurse;
        }
 
        /* This is the "show_other_directories" case */
 
-       if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
-               return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
+       /*
+        * If we have a pathspec which could match something _below_ this
+        * directory (e.g. when checking 'subdir/' having a pathspec like
+        * 'subdir/some/deep/path/file' or 'subdir/widget-*.c'), then we
+        * need to recurse.
+        */
+       if (matches_how == MATCHED_RECURSIVELY_LEADING_PATHSPEC)
+               return path_recurse;
+
+       /*
+        * Other than the path_recurse case immediately above, we only need
+        * to recurse into untracked/ignored directories if either of the
+        * following bits is set:
+        *   - DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO (because then we need to determine if
+        *                           there are ignored directories below)
+        *   - DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES (because we have to determine if
+        *                                 the directory is empty)
+        */
+       if (!(dir->flags & (DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES)))
+               return excluded ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
+
+       /*
+        * ...and even if DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO is set, we can still avoid
+        * recursing into ignored directories if the path is excluded and
+        * DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING is also set.
+        */
+       if (excluded &&
+           (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+           (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING))
+               return path_excluded;
+
+       /*
+        * If we have we don't want to know the all the paths under an
+        * untracked or ignored directory, we still need to go into the
+        * directory to determine if it is empty (because an empty directory
+        * should be path_none instead of path_excluded or path_untracked).
+        */
+       check_only = ((dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES) &&
+                     !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO));
+
+       /*
+        * However, there's another optimization possible as a subset of
+        * check_only, based on the cases we have to consider:
+        *   A) Directory matches no exclude patterns:
+        *     * Directory is empty => path_none
+        *     * Directory has an untracked file under it => path_untracked
+        *     * Directory has only ignored files under it => path_excluded
+        *   B) Directory matches an exclude pattern:
+        *     * Directory is empty => path_none
+        *     * Directory has an untracked file under it => path_excluded
+        *     * Directory has only ignored files under it => path_excluded
+        * In case A, we can exit as soon as we've found an untracked
+        * file but otherwise have to walk all files.  In case B, though,
+        * we can stop at the first file we find under the directory.
+        */
+       stop_early = check_only && excluded;
+
+       /*
+        * If /every/ file within an untracked directory is ignored, then
+        * we want to treat the directory as ignored (for e.g. status
+        * --porcelain), without listing the individual ignored files
+        * underneath.  To do so, we'll save the current ignored_nr, and
+        * pop all the ones added after it if it turns out the entire
+        * directory is ignored.  Also, when DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO and
+        * !DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS then we don't want to show
+        * untracked paths so will need to pop all those off the last
+        * after we traverse.
+        */
+       old_ignored_nr = dir->ignored_nr;
+       old_untracked_nr = dir->nr;
 
+       /* Actually recurse into dirname now, we'll fixup the state later. */
        untracked = lookup_untracked(dir->untracked, untracked,
                                     dirname + baselen, len - baselen);
+       state = read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, dirname, len, untracked,
+                                        check_only, stop_early, pathspec);
+
+       /* There are a variety of reasons we may need to fixup the state... */
+       if (state == path_excluded) {
+               /* state == path_excluded implies all paths under
+                * dirname were ignored...
+                *
+                * if running e.g. `git status --porcelain --ignored=matching`,
+                * then we want to see the subpaths that are ignored.
+                *
+                * if running e.g. just `git status --porcelain`, then
+                * we just want the directory itself to be listed as ignored
+                * and not the individual paths underneath.
+                */
+               int want_ignored_subpaths =
+                       ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+                        (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING));
+
+               if (want_ignored_subpaths) {
+                       /*
+                        * with --ignored=matching, we want the subpaths
+                        * INSTEAD of the directory itself.
+                        */
+                       state = path_none;
+               } else {
+                       int i;
+                       for (i = old_ignored_nr + 1; i<dir->ignored_nr; ++i)
+                               FREE_AND_NULL(dir->ignored[i]);
+                       dir->ignored_nr = old_ignored_nr;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * We may need to ignore some of the untracked paths we found while
+        * traversing subdirectories.
+        */
+       if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
+           !(dir->flags & DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS)) {
+               int i;
+               for (i = old_untracked_nr + 1; i<dir->nr; ++i)
+                       FREE_AND_NULL(dir->entries[i]);
+               dir->nr = old_untracked_nr;
+       }
 
        /*
-        * If this is an excluded directory, then we only need to check if
-        * the directory contains any files.
+        * If there is nothing under the current directory and we are not
+        * hiding empty directories, then we need to report on the
+        * untracked or ignored status of the directory itself.
         */
-       return read_directory_recursive(dir, istate, dirname, len,
-                                       untracked, 1, exclude, pathspec);
+       if (state == path_none && !(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
+               state = excluded ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
+
+       return state;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1637,10 +2052,9 @@ static int get_index_dtype(struct index_state *istate,
        return DT_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, struct index_state *istate,
-                    const char *path, int len)
+static int resolve_dtype(int dtype, struct index_state *istate,
+                        const char *path, int len)
 {
-       int dtype = de ? DTYPE(de) : DT_UNKNOWN;
        struct stat st;
 
        if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
@@ -1659,86 +2073,6 @@ static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, struct index_state *istate,
        return dtype;
 }
 
-static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
-                                         struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
-                                         struct index_state *istate,
-                                         struct strbuf *path,
-                                         int baselen,
-                                         const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-                                         int dtype, struct dirent *de)
-{
-       int exclude;
-       int has_path_in_index = !!index_file_exists(istate, path->buf, path->len, ignore_case);
-       enum path_treatment path_treatment;
-
-       if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-               dtype = get_dtype(de, istate, path->buf, path->len);
-
-       /* Always exclude indexed files */
-       if (dtype != DT_DIR && has_path_in_index)
-               return path_none;
-
-       /*
-        * When we are looking at a directory P in the working tree,
-        * there are three cases:
-        *
-        * (1) P exists in the index.  Everything inside the directory P in
-        * the working tree needs to go when P is checked out from the
-        * index.
-        *
-        * (2) P does not exist in the index, but there is P/Q in the index.
-        * We know P will stay a directory when we check out the contents
-        * of the index, but we do not know yet if there is a directory
-        * P/Q in the working tree to be killed, so we need to recurse.
-        *
-        * (3) P does not exist in the index, and there is no P/Q in the index
-        * to require P to be a directory, either.  Only in this case, we
-        * know that everything inside P will not be killed without
-        * recursing.
-        */
-       if ((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY) &&
-           (dtype == DT_DIR) &&
-           !has_path_in_index &&
-           (directory_exists_in_index(istate, path->buf, path->len) == index_nonexistent))
-               return path_none;
-
-       exclude = is_excluded(dir, istate, path->buf, &dtype);
-
-       /*
-        * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
-        * ignored files, ignore it
-        */
-       if (exclude && !(dir->flags & (DIR_SHOW_IGNORED|DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO)))
-               return path_excluded;
-
-       switch (dtype) {
-       default:
-               return path_none;
-       case DT_DIR:
-               strbuf_addch(path, '/');
-               path_treatment = treat_directory(dir, istate, untracked,
-                                                path->buf, path->len,
-                                                baselen, exclude, pathspec);
-               /*
-                * If 1) we only want to return directories that
-                * match an exclude pattern and 2) this directory does
-                * not match an exclude pattern but all of its
-                * contents are excluded, then indicate that we should
-                * recurse into this directory (instead of marking the
-                * directory itself as an ignored path).
-                */
-               if (!exclude &&
-                   path_treatment == path_excluded &&
-                   (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
-                   (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO_MODE_MATCHING))
-                       return path_recurse;
-               return path_treatment;
-       case DT_REG:
-       case DT_LNK:
-               return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
-       }
-}
-
 static enum path_treatment treat_path_fast(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                           struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
                                           struct cached_dir *cdir,
@@ -1747,6 +2081,11 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_path_fast(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                           int baselen,
                                           const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
+       /*
+        * WARNING: From this function, you can return path_recurse or you
+        *          can call read_directory_recursive() (or neither), but
+        *          you CAN'T DO BOTH.
+        */
        strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
        if (!cdir->ucd) {
                strbuf_addstr(path, cdir->file);
@@ -1780,21 +2119,84 @@ static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                      int baselen,
                                      const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
-       int dtype;
-       struct dirent *de = cdir->de;
+       int has_path_in_index, dtype, excluded;
 
-       if (!de)
+       if (!cdir->d_name)
                return treat_path_fast(dir, untracked, cdir, istate, path,
                                       baselen, pathspec);
-       if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) || !fspathcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
+       if (is_dot_or_dotdot(cdir->d_name) || !fspathcmp(cdir->d_name, ".git"))
                return path_none;
        strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
-       strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
+       strbuf_addstr(path, cdir->d_name);
        if (simplify_away(path->buf, path->len, pathspec))
                return path_none;
 
-       dtype = DTYPE(de);
-       return treat_one_path(dir, untracked, istate, path, baselen, pathspec, dtype, de);
+       dtype = resolve_dtype(cdir->d_type, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+
+       /* Always exclude indexed files */
+       has_path_in_index = !!index_file_exists(istate, path->buf, path->len,
+                                               ignore_case);
+       if (dtype != DT_DIR && has_path_in_index)
+               return path_none;
+
+       /*
+        * When we are looking at a directory P in the working tree,
+        * there are three cases:
+        *
+        * (1) P exists in the index.  Everything inside the directory P in
+        * the working tree needs to go when P is checked out from the
+        * index.
+        *
+        * (2) P does not exist in the index, but there is P/Q in the index.
+        * We know P will stay a directory when we check out the contents
+        * of the index, but we do not know yet if there is a directory
+        * P/Q in the working tree to be killed, so we need to recurse.
+        *
+        * (3) P does not exist in the index, and there is no P/Q in the index
+        * to require P to be a directory, either.  Only in this case, we
+        * know that everything inside P will not be killed without
+        * recursing.
+        */
+       if ((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_KILLED_ONLY) &&
+           (dtype == DT_DIR) &&
+           !has_path_in_index &&
+           (directory_exists_in_index(istate, path->buf, path->len) == index_nonexistent))
+               return path_none;
+
+       excluded = is_excluded(dir, istate, path->buf, &dtype);
+
+       /*
+        * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
+        * ignored files, ignore it
+        */
+       if (excluded && !(dir->flags & (DIR_SHOW_IGNORED|DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO)))
+               return path_excluded;
+
+       switch (dtype) {
+       default:
+               return path_none;
+       case DT_DIR:
+               /*
+                * WARNING: Do not ignore/amend the return value from
+                * treat_directory(), and especially do not change it to return
+                * path_recurse as that can cause exponential slowdown.
+                * Instead, modify treat_directory() to return the right value.
+                */
+               strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+               return treat_directory(dir, istate, untracked,
+                                      path->buf, path->len,
+                                      baselen, excluded, pathspec);
+       case DT_REG:
+       case DT_LNK:
+               if (excluded)
+                       return path_excluded;
+               if (pathspec &&
+                   !do_match_pathspec(istate, pathspec, path->buf, path->len,
+                                      0 /* prefix */, NULL /* seen */,
+                                      0 /* flags */))
+                       return path_none;
+               return path_untracked;
+       }
 }
 
 static void add_untracked(struct untracked_cache_dir *dir, const char *name)
@@ -1838,7 +2240,7 @@ static int valid_cached_dir(struct dir_struct *dir,
 
        /*
         * prep_exclude will be called eventually on this directory,
-        * but it's called much later in last_exclude_matching(). We
+        * but it's called much later in last_matching_pattern(). We
         * need it now to determine the validity of the cache for this
         * path. The next calls will be nearly no-op, the way
         * prep_exclude() is designed.
@@ -1882,10 +2284,17 @@ static int open_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir,
 
 static int read_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir)
 {
+       struct dirent *de;
+
        if (cdir->fdir) {
-               cdir->de = readdir(cdir->fdir);
-               if (!cdir->de)
+               de = readdir(cdir->fdir);
+               if (!de) {
+                       cdir->d_name = NULL;
+                       cdir->d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
                        return -1;
+               }
+               cdir->d_name = de->d_name;
+               cdir->d_type = DTYPE(de);
                return 0;
        }
        while (cdir->nr_dirs < cdir->untracked->dirs_nr) {
@@ -1921,6 +2330,40 @@ static void close_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir)
        }
 }
 
+static void add_path_to_appropriate_result_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+       struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked,
+       struct cached_dir *cdir,
+       struct index_state *istate,
+       struct strbuf *path,
+       int baselen,
+       const struct pathspec *pathspec,
+       enum path_treatment state)
+{
+       /* add the path to the appropriate result list */
+       switch (state) {
+       case path_excluded:
+               if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
+                       dir_add_name(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+               else if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) ||
+                       ((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED) &&
+                       exclude_matches_pathspec(path->buf, path->len,
+                                                pathspec)))
+                       dir_add_ignored(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+               break;
+
+       case path_untracked:
+               if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
+                       break;
+               dir_add_name(dir, istate, path->buf, path->len);
+               if (cdir->fdir)
+                       add_untracked(untracked, path->buf + baselen);
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               break;
+       }
+}
+
 /*
  * Read a directory tree. We currently ignore anything but
  * directories, regular files and symlinks. That's because git
@@ -1933,7 +2376,7 @@ static void close_cached_dir(struct cached_dir *cdir)
  * If 'stop_at_first_file' is specified, 'path_excluded' is returned
  * to signal that a file was found. This is the least significant value that
  * indicates that a file was encountered that does not depend on the order of
- * whether an untracked or exluded path was encountered first.
+ * whether an untracked or excluded path was encountered first.
  *
  * Returns the most significant path_treatment value encountered in the scan.
  * If 'stop_at_first_file' is specified, `path_excluded` is the most
@@ -1945,6 +2388,11 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
        struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked, int check_only,
        int stop_at_first_file, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
+       /*
+        * WARNING: Do NOT recurse unless path_recurse is returned from
+        *          treat_path().  Recursing on any other return value
+        *          can result in exponential slowdown.
+        */
        struct cached_dir cdir;
        enum path_treatment state, subdir_state, dir_state = path_none;
        struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1966,10 +2414,7 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
                        dir_state = state;
 
                /* recurse into subdir if instructed by treat_path */
-               if ((state == path_recurse) ||
-                       ((state == path_untracked) &&
-                        (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
-                        (get_dtype(cdir.de, istate, path.buf, path.len) == DT_DIR))) {
+               if (state == path_recurse) {
                        struct untracked_cache_dir *ud;
                        ud = lookup_untracked(dir->untracked, untracked,
                                              path.buf + baselen,
@@ -1980,6 +2425,12 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                                         check_only, stop_at_first_file, pathspec);
                        if (subdir_state > dir_state)
                                dir_state = subdir_state;
+
+                       if (pathspec &&
+                           !match_pathspec(istate, pathspec, path.buf, path.len,
+                                           0 /* prefix */, NULL,
+                                           0 /* do NOT special case dirs */))
+                               state = path_none;
                }
 
                if (check_only) {
@@ -2011,33 +2462,13 @@ static enum path_treatment read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
                                        add_untracked(untracked, path.buf + baselen);
                                break;
                        }
-                       /* skip the dir_add_* part */
+                       /* skip the add_path_to_appropriate_result_list() */
                        continue;
                }
 
-               /* add the path to the appropriate result list */
-               switch (state) {
-               case path_excluded:
-                       if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
-                               dir_add_name(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
-                       else if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) ||
-                               ((dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED) &&
-                               exclude_matches_pathspec(path.buf, path.len,
-                                                        pathspec)))
-                               dir_add_ignored(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
-                       break;
-
-               case path_untracked:
-                       if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)
-                               break;
-                       dir_add_name(dir, istate, path.buf, path.len);
-                       if (cdir.fdir)
-                               add_untracked(untracked, path.buf + baselen);
-                       break;
-
-               default:
-                       break;
-               }
+               add_path_to_appropriate_result_list(dir, untracked, &cdir,
+                                                   istate, &path, baselen,
+                                                   pathspec, state);
        }
        close_cached_dir(&cdir);
  out:
@@ -2068,40 +2499,69 @@ static int treat_leading_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
                              const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-       int baselen, rc = 0;
+       struct strbuf subdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+       int prevlen, baselen;
        const char *cp;
-       int old_flags = dir->flags;
+       struct cached_dir cdir;
+       enum path_treatment state = path_none;
+
+       /*
+        * For each directory component of path, we are going to check whether
+        * that path is relevant given the pathspec.  For example, if path is
+        *    foo/bar/baz/
+        * then we will ask treat_path() whether we should go into foo, then
+        * whether we should go into bar, then whether baz is relevant.
+        * Checking each is important because e.g. if path is
+        *    .git/info/
+        * then we need to check .git to know we shouldn't traverse it.
+        * If the return from treat_path() is:
+        *    * path_none, for any path, we return false.
+        *    * path_recurse, for all path components, we return true
+        *    * <anything else> for some intermediate component, we make sure
+        *        to add that path to the relevant list but return false
+        *        signifying that we shouldn't recurse into it.
+        */
 
        while (len && path[len - 1] == '/')
                len--;
        if (!len)
                return 1;
+
+       memset(&cdir, 0, sizeof(cdir));
+       cdir.d_type = DT_DIR;
        baselen = 0;
-       dir->flags &= ~DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
+       prevlen = 0;
        while (1) {
-               cp = path + baselen + !!baselen;
+               prevlen = baselen + !!baselen;
+               cp = path + prevlen;
                cp = memchr(cp, '/', path + len - cp);
                if (!cp)
                        baselen = len;
                else
                        baselen = cp - path;
-               strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
+               strbuf_reset(&sb);
                strbuf_add(&sb, path, baselen);
                if (!is_directory(sb.buf))
                        break;
-               if (simplify_away(sb.buf, sb.len, pathspec))
-                       break;
-               if (treat_one_path(dir, NULL, istate, &sb, baselen, pathspec,
-                                  DT_DIR, NULL) == path_none)
+               strbuf_reset(&sb);
+               strbuf_add(&sb, path, prevlen);
+               strbuf_reset(&subdir);
+               strbuf_add(&subdir, path+prevlen, baselen-prevlen);
+               cdir.d_name = subdir.buf;
+               state = treat_path(dir, NULL, &cdir, istate, &sb, prevlen, pathspec);
+
+               if (state != path_recurse)
                        break; /* do not recurse into it */
-               if (len <= baselen) {
-                       rc = 1;
+               if (len <= baselen)
                        break; /* finished checking */
-               }
        }
+       add_path_to_appropriate_result_list(dir, NULL, &cdir, istate,
+                                           &sb, baselen, pathspec,
+                                           state);
+
+       strbuf_release(&subdir);
        strbuf_release(&sb);
-       dir->flags = old_flags;
-       return rc;
+       return state == path_recurse;
 }
 
 static const char *get_ident_string(void)
@@ -2248,12 +2708,12 @@ static struct untracked_cache_dir *validate_untracked_cache(struct dir_struct *d
 
        /* Validate $GIT_DIR/info/exclude and core.excludesfile */
        root = dir->untracked->root;
-       if (oidcmp(&dir->ss_info_exclude.oid,
+       if (!oideq(&dir->ss_info_exclude.oid,
                   &dir->untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid)) {
                invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, root);
                dir->untracked->ss_info_exclude = dir->ss_info_exclude;
        }
-       if (oidcmp(&dir->ss_excludes_file.oid,
+       if (!oideq(&dir->ss_excludes_file.oid,
                   &dir->untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid)) {
                invalidate_gitignore(dir->untracked, root);
                dir->untracked->ss_excludes_file = dir->ss_excludes_file;
@@ -2268,10 +2728,13 @@ int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
                   const char *path, int len, const struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
        struct untracked_cache_dir *untracked;
-       uint64_t start = getnanotime();
 
-       if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
+       trace_performance_enter();
+
+       if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len)) {
+               trace_performance_leave("read directory %.*s", len, path);
                return dir->nr;
+       }
 
        untracked = validate_untracked_cache(dir, len, pathspec);
        if (!untracked)
@@ -2285,29 +2748,7 @@ int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, struct index_state *istate,
        QSORT(dir->entries, dir->nr, cmp_dir_entry);
        QSORT(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr, cmp_dir_entry);
 
-       /*
-        * If DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO is set, read_directory_recursive() will
-        * also pick up untracked contents of untracked dirs; by default
-        * we discard these, but given DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS we do not.
-        */
-       if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED_TOO) &&
-                    !(dir->flags & DIR_KEEP_UNTRACKED_CONTENTS)) {
-               int i, j;
-
-               /* remove from dir->entries untracked contents of untracked dirs */
-               for (i = j = 0; j < dir->nr; j++) {
-                       if (i &&
-                           check_dir_entry_contains(dir->entries[i - 1], dir->entries[j])) {
-                               FREE_AND_NULL(dir->entries[j]);
-                       } else {
-                               dir->entries[i++] = dir->entries[j];
-                       }
-               }
-
-               dir->nr = i;
-       }
-
-       trace_performance_since(start, "read directory %.*s", len, path);
+       trace_performance_leave("read directory %.*s", len, path);
        if (dir->untracked) {
                static int force_untracked_cache = -1;
                static struct trace_key trace_untracked_stats = TRACE_KEY_INIT(UNTRACKED_STATS);
@@ -2343,6 +2784,14 @@ int file_exists(const char *f)
        return lstat(f, &sb) == 0;
 }
 
+int repo_file_exists(struct repository *repo, const char *path)
+{
+       if (repo != the_repository)
+               BUG("do not know how to check file existence in arbitrary repo");
+
+       return file_exists(path);
+}
+
 static int cmp_icase(char a, char b)
 {
        if (a == b)
@@ -2465,7 +2914,7 @@ static int remove_dir_recurse(struct strbuf *path, int flag, int *kept_up)
                                 * wanted anyway
                                 */
                                continue;
-                       /* fall thru */
+                       /* fall through */
                } else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
                        if (!remove_dir_recurse(path, flag, &kept_down))
                                continue; /* happy */
@@ -2507,14 +2956,14 @@ void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir)
        if (!excludes_file)
                excludes_file = xdg_config_home("ignore");
        if (excludes_file && !access_or_warn(excludes_file, R_OK, 0))
-               add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, excludes_file,
+               add_patterns_from_file_1(dir, excludes_file,
                                         dir->untracked ? &dir->ss_excludes_file : NULL);
 
        /* per repository user preference */
        if (startup_info->have_repository) {
                const char *path = git_path_info_exclude();
                if (!access_or_warn(path, R_OK, 0))
-                       add_excludes_from_file_1(dir, path,
+                       add_patterns_from_file_1(dir, path,
                                                 dir->untracked ? &dir->ss_info_exclude : NULL);
        }
 }
@@ -2546,18 +2995,18 @@ void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
        int i, j;
        struct exclude_list_group *group;
-       struct exclude_list *el;
+       struct pattern_list *pl;
        struct exclude_stack *stk;
 
        for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
                group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
                for (j = 0; j < group->nr; j++) {
-                       el = &group->el[j];
+                       pl = &group->pl[j];
                        if (i == EXC_DIRS)
-                               free((char *)el->src);
-                       clear_exclude_list(el);
+                               free((char *)pl->src);
+                       clear_pattern_list(pl);
                }
-               free(group->el);
+               free(group->pl);
        }
 
        stk = dir->exclude_stack;
@@ -2573,13 +3022,9 @@ struct ondisk_untracked_cache {
        struct stat_data info_exclude_stat;
        struct stat_data excludes_file_stat;
        uint32_t dir_flags;
-       unsigned char info_exclude_sha1[20];
-       unsigned char excludes_file_sha1[20];
-       char exclude_per_dir[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
 #define ouc_offset(x) offsetof(struct ondisk_untracked_cache, x)
-#define ouc_size(len) (ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir) + len + 1)
 
 struct write_data {
        int index;         /* number of written untracked_cache_dir */
@@ -2662,20 +3107,21 @@ void write_untracked_extension(struct strbuf *out, struct untracked_cache *untra
        struct write_data wd;
        unsigned char varbuf[16];
        int varint_len;
-       size_t len = strlen(untracked->exclude_per_dir);
+       const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 
-       FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ouc, exclude_per_dir, untracked->exclude_per_dir, len);
+       ouc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ouc));
        stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->info_exclude_stat, &untracked->ss_info_exclude.stat);
        stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->excludes_file_stat, &untracked->ss_excludes_file.stat);
-       hashcpy(ouc->info_exclude_sha1, untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid.hash);
-       hashcpy(ouc->excludes_file_sha1, untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid.hash);
        ouc->dir_flags = htonl(untracked->dir_flags);
 
        varint_len = encode_varint(untracked->ident.len, varbuf);
        strbuf_add(out, varbuf, varint_len);
        strbuf_addbuf(out, &untracked->ident);
 
-       strbuf_add(out, ouc, ouc_size(len));
+       strbuf_add(out, ouc, sizeof(*ouc));
+       strbuf_add(out, untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid.hash, hashsz);
+       strbuf_add(out, untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid.hash, hashsz);
+       strbuf_add(out, untracked->exclude_per_dir, strlen(untracked->exclude_per_dir) + 1);
        FREE_AND_NULL(ouc);
 
        if (!untracked->root) {
@@ -2760,54 +3206,49 @@ static int read_one_dir(struct untracked_cache_dir **untracked_,
                        struct read_data *rd)
 {
        struct untracked_cache_dir ud, *untracked;
-       const unsigned char *next, *data = rd->data, *end = rd->end;
+       const unsigned char *data = rd->data, *end = rd->end;
+       const unsigned char *eos;
        unsigned int value;
-       int i, len;
+       int i;
 
        memset(&ud, 0, sizeof(ud));
 
-       next = data;
-       value = decode_varint(&next);
-       if (next > end)
+       value = decode_varint(&data);
+       if (data > end)
                return -1;
        ud.recurse         = 1;
        ud.untracked_alloc = value;
        ud.untracked_nr    = value;
        if (ud.untracked_nr)
                ALLOC_ARRAY(ud.untracked, ud.untracked_nr);
-       data = next;
 
-       next = data;
-       ud.dirs_alloc = ud.dirs_nr = decode_varint(&next);
-       if (next > end)
+       ud.dirs_alloc = ud.dirs_nr = decode_varint(&data);
+       if (data > end)
                return -1;
        ALLOC_ARRAY(ud.dirs, ud.dirs_nr);
-       data = next;
 
-       len = strlen((const char *)data);
-       next = data + len + 1;
-       if (next > rd->end)
+       eos = memchr(data, '\0', end - data);
+       if (!eos || eos == end)
                return -1;
-       *untracked_ = untracked = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*untracked), len));
+
+       *untracked_ = untracked = xmalloc(st_add3(sizeof(*untracked), eos - data, 1));
        memcpy(untracked, &ud, sizeof(ud));
-       memcpy(untracked->name, data, len + 1);
-       data = next;
+       memcpy(untracked->name, data, eos - data + 1);
+       data = eos + 1;
 
        for (i = 0; i < untracked->untracked_nr; i++) {
-               len = strlen((const char *)data);
-               next = data + len + 1;
-               if (next > rd->end)
+               eos = memchr(data, '\0', end - data);
+               if (!eos || eos == end)
                        return -1;
-               untracked->untracked[i] = xstrdup((const char*)data);
-               data = next;
+               untracked->untracked[i] = xmemdupz(data, eos - data);
+               data = eos + 1;
        }
 
        rd->ucd[rd->index++] = untracked;
        rd->data = data;
 
        for (i = 0; i < untracked->dirs_nr; i++) {
-               len = read_one_dir(untracked->dirs + i, rd);
-               if (len < 0)
+               if (read_one_dir(untracked->dirs + i, rd) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }
        return 0;
@@ -2862,6 +3303,9 @@ struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_extension(const void *data, unsigned long
        int ident_len;
        ssize_t len;
        const char *exclude_per_dir;
+       const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
+       const unsigned offset = sizeof(struct ondisk_untracked_cache);
+       const unsigned exclude_per_dir_offset = offset + 2 * hashsz;
 
        if (sz <= 1 || end[-1] != '\0')
                return NULL;
@@ -2873,7 +3317,7 @@ struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_extension(const void *data, unsigned long
        ident = (const char *)next;
        next += ident_len;
 
-       if (next + ouc_size(0) > end)
+       if (next + exclude_per_dir_offset + 1 > end)
                return NULL;
 
        uc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*uc));
@@ -2881,15 +3325,15 @@ struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_extension(const void *data, unsigned long
        strbuf_add(&uc->ident, ident, ident_len);
        load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_info_exclude,
                      next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_stat),
-                     next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_sha1));
+                     next + offset);
        load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_excludes_file,
                      next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_stat),
-                     next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_sha1));
+                     next + offset + hashsz);
        uc->dir_flags = get_be32(next + ouc_offset(dir_flags));
-       exclude_per_dir = (const char *)next + ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir);
+       exclude_per_dir = (const char *)next + exclude_per_dir_offset;
        uc->exclude_per_dir = xstrdup(exclude_per_dir);
        /* NUL after exclude_per_dir is covered by sizeof(*ouc) */
-       next += ouc_size(strlen(exclude_per_dir));
+       next += exclude_per_dir_offset + strlen(exclude_per_dir) + 1;
        if (next >= end)
                goto done2;