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- Copyright 2012 Lennart Poettering
-
- systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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- You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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-->
<refentry id="kernel-command-line">
<refentryinfo>
<title>kernel-command-line</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
-
- <authorgroup>
- <author>
- <contrib>Developer</contrib>
- <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
- <surname>Poettering</surname>
- <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
- </author>
- </authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
kernel command line arguments.</para>
<para>For command line parameters understood by the kernel, please
- see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt"><filename>kernel-parameters.txt</filename></ulink>
+ see
+ <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html"><filename>kernel-parameters.html</filename></ulink>
and
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>systemd.unit=</varname></term>
<term><varname>rd.systemd.unit=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.dump_core=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.crash_chvt=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.crash_shell=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.crash_reboot=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.confirm_spawn=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.show_status=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.dump_core</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.early_core_pattern=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.crash_chvt</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.crash_shell</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.crash_reboot</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.confirm_spawn</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.service_watchdogs</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.show_status</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.log_target=</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.log_level=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.log_color=</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.log_location=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.log_color</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.default_standard_output=</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.default_standard_error=</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.setenv=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.machine_id=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.legacy_systemd_cgroup_controller</varname></term>
<listitem>
<para>Parameters understood by the system and service
manager to control system behavior. For details, see
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>systemd.mask=</varname></term>
<term><varname>systemd.wants=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>systemd.debug-shell</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.debug_shell</varname></term>
<listitem>
<para>Additional parameters understood by
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>systemd.run=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.run_success_action=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.run_failure_action=</varname></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Additional parameters understood by
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-run-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, to
+ run a command line specified on the kernel command line as system service after booting up.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>systemd.early_core_pattern=</varname></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>During early boot, the generation of core dump files is disabled until a core dump handler (if any)
+ takes over. This parameter allows to specifies an absolute path where core dump files should be stored until
+ a handler is installed. The path should be absolute and may contain specifiers, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>core</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>systemd.restore_state=</varname></term>
<listitem>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>systemd.volatile=</varname></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This parameter controls whether the system shall boot up in volatile mode. Takes a boolean argument, or
+ the special value <literal>state</literal>. If false (the default), normal boot mode is selected, the root
+ directory and <filename>/var</filename> are mounted as specified on the kernel command line or
+ <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, or otherwise configured. If true, full state-less boot mode is selected. In
+ this case the root directory is mounted as volatile memory file system (<literal>tmpfs</literal>), and only
+ <filename>/usr</filename> is mounted from the file system configured as root device, in read-only mode. This
+ enables fully state-less boots were the vendor-supplied OS is used as shipped, with only default
+ configuration and no stored state in effect, as <filename>/etc</filename> and <filename>/var</filename> (as
+ well as all other resources shipped in the root file system) are reset at boot and lost on shutdown. If this
+ setting is set to <literal>state</literal> the root file system is mounted as usual, however
+ <filename>/var</filename> is mounted as a volatile memory file system (<literal>tmpfs</literal>), so that the
+ system boots up with the normal configuration applied, but all state reset at boot and lost at shutdown. For details,
+ see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-volatile-root.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ and
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>quiet</varname></term>
<listitem>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>-b</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.emergency</varname></term>
<term><varname>emergency</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.rescue</varname></term>
<term><varname>rescue</varname></term>
<term><varname>single</varname></term>
<term><varname>s</varname></term>
<term><varname>5</varname></term>
<listitem>
<para>Parameters understood by the system and service
- manager, as compatibility options. For details, see
+ manager, as compatibility and convenience options. For details, see
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>vconsole.keymap=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>vconsole.keymap.toggle=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>vconsole.keymap_toggle=</varname></term>
<term><varname>vconsole.font=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>vconsole.font.map=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>vconsole.font.unimap=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>vconsole.font_map=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>vconsole.font_unimap=</varname></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Parameters understood by the virtual console setup
- logic. For details, see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ <para>Parameters understood by the virtual console setup logic. For details, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>vconsole.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
- <term><varname>udev.log-priority=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>rd.udev.log-priority=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>udev.children-max=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>rd.udev.children-max=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>udev.exec-delay=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>rd.udev.exec-delay=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>udev.event-timeout=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>rd.udev.event-timeout=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>udev.log_priority=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.udev.log_priority=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>udev.children_max=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.udev.children_max=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>udev.exec_delay=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.udev.exec_delay=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>udev.event_timeout=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.udev.event_timeout=</varname></term>
<term><varname>net.ifnames=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>net.naming-scheme=</varname></term>
<listitem>
<para>Parameters understood by the device event managing
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>mount.usr=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>mount.usrfstype=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>mount.usrflags=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Configures the /usr file system (if required) and
+ its file system type and mount options. For details, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>roothash=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.verity=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.systemd.verity=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.verity_root_data=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.verity_root_hash=</varname></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Configures the integrity protection root hash for the root file system, and other related
+ parameters. For details, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term>
<term><varname>rd.systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
- <term><varname>modules-load=</varname></term>
- <term><varname>rd.modules-load=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Overwrites the default start job timeout <varname>DefaultTimeoutStartSec=</varname> at boot. For details,
+ see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>systemd.watchdog_device=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Overwrites the watchdog device path <varname>WatchdogDevice=</varname>. For details, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>modules_load=</varname></term>
+ <term><varname>rd.modules_load=</varname></term>
<listitem>
<para>Load a specific kernel module early at boot. For
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>systemd.firstboot=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. If off,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ will not query the user for basic system settings, even if the system boots up for the first time and the
+ relevant settings are not initialized yet.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-volatile-root.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-firstboot.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>