-# @(#)europe 8.6
+# @(#)europe 8.1
# <pre>
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
-# entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1991,
+# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Other sources occasionally used include:
#
# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976)
# </a>.
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-18):
#
-# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948.
+# For lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948.
#
-# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger
-# are incorrect:
+# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect:
# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until
# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain.
# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880.
# Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time.
# Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change).
#
-# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks:
# * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT
# to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to
# conform with Great Britain.
# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise.
#
-# The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful;
+# The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful;
# we'll ignore it for now.
# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
#
#
-# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than
-# Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks.
# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory
# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was
# to London. For example:
# See EU for rules starting in 1996.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s
+Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
0:00 EU GMT/BST
-Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey
-Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey
-Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man
Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
-0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00
-0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 -
Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks.
Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 -
Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
# Austria
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-28): Shanks gives 1918-06-16 and
# 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and
# Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged"
# date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV,
-# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12.
+# Shanks gives 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, and guess 02:00
+# for 1945-04-12.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Bosnia and Herzegovina
-# see Serbia
+# see Serbia and Montenegro
# Bulgaria
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
-Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat<=7 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 -
Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Croatia
-# see Serbia
+# see Serbia and Montenegro
# Cyprus
# Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones.
# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
-# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab
+# rules at least through 1984. Shanks says Scoresbysund and Godthab
# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980.
# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place
# there at 2:00 AM.
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT;
-# the 1995 map as like Godthab.
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-11-19):
+# The 1997 CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; the 1995 map as like Godthab.
# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996.
# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
-# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
-# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
+# so go with Shanks for all Thule transitions.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
-3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
0:00 - GMT
-Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
+Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
-2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
-1:00 EU EG%sT
# Finland
#
-# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC):
+# From Hannu Strang (25 Sep 1994 06:03:37 UTC):
# Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,
# and it's supposed to change at 4am...
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Shanks & Pottenger say Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time
-# since 1981. Go with Strang instead.
+# From Paul Eggert (25 Sep 1994):
+# Shanks says Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time since 1981.
+# Go with Strang instead.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
#
-# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
+# Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S
# DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st
# Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions
-# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks.
Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S
-# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger
-# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations.
+# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks writes
+# that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations.
# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez,
# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La
# Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Decartes,
# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois,
# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collognes (Haute-Savioe).
Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer
-# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00,
+# Shanks says this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00,
# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12),
# who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes
# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT.
Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S
Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M
Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 -
-# Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00;
+# Shanks gives Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00;
# go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT.
Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S
Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 -
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05,
+# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman gives 0:09:05,
# but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21.
# Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based
# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
+# Shanks gives 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00
# Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# go with Shanks.
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25
0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1:00 France CE%sT 1977
# Gibraltar
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s
+Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00
1:00 - CET 1982
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Greece
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks.
Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks.
Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks.
Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks.
Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 -
Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S
2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30
1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4
2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981
- # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981;
+ # Shanks says they switched to C-Eur in 1981;
# go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
2:00 EU EE%sT
# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
# might mean something else (???).
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points.
-# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely
-# that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that.
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
+# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks and Whitman disagree on many points.
+# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks, namely that
+# Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S
# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
# so record only the time in Rome.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
-# F. Pollastri
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06):
+# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri
# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
-# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
+# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (1996-03-14)
# </a>
# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
#
-# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with:
+# year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with:
# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W
# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s
# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S
Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22
- 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean
+ 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Luxembourg
-# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Macedonia
-# see Serbia
+# see Serbia and Montenegro
# Malta
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
+Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
# Moldova
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
-# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-11):
+# A previous version of this database followed Shanks, who writes that
+# Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area
2:00 EU EE%sT
# Monaco
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
-# more precise 0:09:21.
+# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1:00 EU CE%sT
-# Montenegro
-# see Serbia
-
# Netherlands
# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Norway
-# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks &
-# Pottenger.
+# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks.
Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
-# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks.
Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski,
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not
# done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules.
-# Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 -
Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Shanks gives 1934 Apr 4; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks gives 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
-# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Shanks says DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
+# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks.
Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
+# Shanks says that the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
# Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett.
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884
-0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time
# Russia
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12):
# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
-# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger,
-# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat
-# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
+# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks, except we follow
+# Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
#
# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29):
# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow!
2:00 Russia EE%sT
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
-# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast',
+# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', Astrakhanskaya oblast',
# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast',
-# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
+# Volgogradskaya oblast', Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
-# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi,
+# Respublika Kareliya, Kirovskaya oblast', Respublika Komi,
# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
-# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg,
+# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, Saratovskaya oblast',
# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD
#
-# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast',
-# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400
-# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the
-# others? But we have no data.
-Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
- 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time
- 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
- 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11
- 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
- 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia VOL%sT
-#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika
Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
- 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27
- 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev
+ 3:00 - KUYT 1930 Jun 21 # Kuybyshev
+ 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
6:00 Russia OMS%sT
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's
-# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6.
-# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'.
+# Novosibirskaya oblast'.
Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
+ 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # says Shanks
6:00 Russia NOV%sT
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
# Kemerovskaya oblast', Krasnoyarskij kraj,
-# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug,
+# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, Tomskaya oblast',
# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug.
Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
12:00 Russia ANA%sT
-# Serbia
+# Serbia and Montenegro
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884
1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
# Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of
# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time.
-# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj.
+# Shanks doesn't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj.
1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1:00 EU CE%sT
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia
-Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia
Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia
Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
# Slovenia
-# see Serbia
+# see Serbia and Montenegro
# Spain
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks.
Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer
Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S
Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s
+Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901
0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30
1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979
1:00 EU CE%sT
# Sweden
-# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
+# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks:
#
# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''):
Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
-# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# From Shanks:
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; go with Shanks.
Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
2:00 - EET 1992
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-12):
# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
-# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
-# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say
-# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it
-# changed in May.
+# Shanks says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
+# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. For now, guess it changed in May.
2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s
projects / thirdparty / glibc.git / blobdiff